公路工程相关规范中的英文术语
道路工程术语标准中英文对照
空间平均速度space mean speed在给定的时间内，在某一路段上所有车辆单位时间行驶距离的平均值。
经济车速economic speed汽车行驶中消耗燃料最节省的速度。
自由车速free-flow speed不受其它车辆影响的条件下，驾驶人员按自己的能力所及选择的行驶速度。
交通量traffic volume在单位时间内通过道路某一断面的通行单元(车辆或行人)数。
通常专指车辆数。
年平均日交通量annual average daily traffic全年的日交通量观测结果的平均值。
月平均日交通量monthly average daily traffic全月的日交通量观测结果的平均值。
位最大小时交通量thirtieth highest annual hourly volume将一年内所有小时交通量，按从大到小的顺序排列，位的小时交通量。
年最大小时交通量maximumannualhourlyvolume一年内所有小时交通量中的最大值。
高峰小时交通量peak hourly volume一定时间内(通常指一日或上午、下午)出现的最大小时交通量。
设计小时交通量design hourly volume根据交通量预测所选定的作为道路设计依据的小时交通量。
通行能力traffic capacity在一定的道路和交通条件下，道路上某一路段单位时间内通过某一断面的最大车辆数。
基本通行能力basic trsffic capacity在理想的道路和交通条件下，一个车道或一条道路某一路段的通行能力。
可能通行能力possible traffic capacity在现实的道路和交通条件下，一个车道或一条道路某一路段的通行能力。
设计通行能力design traffic capacity道路交通的运行状态保持在某一设计的服务水平时，道路上某一路段的通行能力。
道路服务水平level of service主要以道路上的运行速度和交通量与可能通行能力之比综合反映道路的服务质量。
道路工程术语标准中英文对照
道路工程术语标准第2.1。
1条道路road供各种车辆和行人等通行的工程设施。
按其使用特点分为公路、城市道路、厂矿道路、林区道路及乡村道路等.第2.1.2条公路highway联结城市、乡村，主要供汽车行驶的具备一定技术条件和设施的道路。
第2。
1.3条城市道路city road;urban road在城市范围内,供车辆及行人通行的具备一定技术条件和设施的道路。
第2.1.4条厂矿道路factories and mines road主要供工厂、矿山运输车辆通行的道路.第2.1。
5条林区道路forest road建在林区，主要供各种林业运输工具通行的道路.第2。
1。
6条乡村道路country road建在乡村、农场，主要供行人及各种农业运输工具通行的道路。
第2.1。
7条道路工程road engineering以道路为对象而进行的规划、勘测、设计、施工等技术活动的全过程及其所从事的工程实体。
第2。
1.8条道路网road network在一定区域内,由各种道路组成的相互联络、交织成网状分布的道路系统。
全部由各级公路组成的称公路网。
在城市范围内由各种道路组成的称城市道路网。
第2。
1.9条道路（网）密度density of road network在一定区域内,道路网的总里程与该区域面积的比值.第2.1。
10条道路技术标准technical standard of road根据道路的性质、交通量及其所处地点的自然条件，确定道路应达到的各项技术指标和规定.第2。
1。
11条设计车辆design vehicle道路设计所采用的汽车车型,以其外廓尺寸、重量、运转特性等特征作为道路设计的依据.第2。
1。
12条特种车辆special vehicle外廓尺寸、重量等方面超过设计车辆限界的及特殊用途的车辆。
第2.1。
13条计算行车速度（设计车速）design speed道路几何设计（包括平曲线半径、纵坡、视距等）所采用的行车速度。
道路工程术语标准中英文对照
道路工程术语标准第 2.1.1条道路road供各种车辆和行人等通行的工程设施。
按其使用特点分为公路、城市道路、厂矿道路、林区道路及乡村道路等。
第 2.1.2条公路highway联结城市、乡村，主要供汽车行驶的具备一定技术条件和设施的道路。
第 2.1.3条城市道路cityroad；urbanroad在城市范围内，供车辆及行人通行的具备一定技术条件和设施的道路。
第 2.1.4条厂矿道路factoriesandminesroad主要供工厂、矿山运输车辆通行的道路。
第 2.1.5条林区道路forestroad建在林区，主要供各种林业运输工具通行的道路。
第 2.1.6条乡村道路countryroad建在乡村、农场，主要供行人及各种农业运输工具通行的道路。
第 2.1.7条道路工程roadengineering以道路为对象而进行的规划、勘测、设计、施工等技术活动的全过程及其所从事的工程实体。
第 2.1.8条道路网roadnetwork在一定区域内，由各种道路组成的相互联络、交织成网状分布的道路系统。
全部由各级公路组成的称公路网。
在城市范围内由各种道路组成的称城市道路网。
第 2.1.9条道路(网)密度densityofroadnetwork在一定区域内，道路网的总里程与该区域面积的比值。
第 2.1.10条道路技术标准technicalstandardofroad根据道路的性质、交通量及其所处地点的自然条件，确定道路应达到的各项技术指标和规定。
第 2.1.11条设计车辆designvehicle道路设计所采用的汽车车型，以其外廓尺寸、重量、运转特性等特征作为道路设计的依据。
第 2.1.12条特种车辆specialvehicle外廓尺寸、重量等方面超过设计车辆限界的及特殊用途的车辆。
第 2.1.13条计算行车速度(设计车速)designspeed道路几何设计(包括平曲线半径、纵坡、视距等)所采用的行车速度。
第 2.1.14条道路建筑限界boundarylineofroadconstruction为保证车辆和行人正常通行，规定在道路的一定宽度和高度范围内不允许有任何设施及障碍物侵入的空间范围。
公路工程名词术语中英文对照11
踏勘 reconna
intersection entran g
adside facilities izzling screen
辅助标志 au issance
ce
交错路段 we
交通安全设
反光标志 ref xiliary sign
可行性研究
交叉口出口 aving section
施 traffic safety lective sign
e crossing
minimum radius
加宽缓和段
平均纵坡 av stance，
环形交叉 rot
互通式立体
of horizontal cur transition zone of erage gradient
stopping sigh ary intersection 交叉 Interchange
道路服务水 gin-destination stu
分离式行车
路侧人行道
路拱横坡 cr
交通量 maximum 平 level of servic dy
道 Divided carria sidewalk
own slope
annual hourly v e
出行 trip
geway
分隔带 lane
公路建筑限
自行车道 cy
路拱 cambe ntal curve
capacity
cle path
r； crown
极限最小平
弯道加宽 cu
变坡点 grad
停车视距 no
斜交叉 skew
separate grad
曲线半径 limited rve widening
e change point n-passing sight di intersection
公路工程英语词汇(收藏版)资料精
abrasiveness磨耗度absolute datum绝对基面abutment桥台abutment pier制动墩acceleration lane加速车道accidental load偶然荷载accommodation lane专用车道acoustic barrier隔音墙acting circles of blasting爆破作用圈additional stake加桩adjacent curve in one direction同向曲线admixture外加剂adverse grade for safety反坡安全线aerial photogrammetry航空摄影测量aerophoto base航摄基线aerophoto interpretation航摄像片判读ageing老化aggregate集料(骨料)air hardening气硬性alignment design(城市道路)平面设计，线形设计alignment element线形要素alligator cracking路面龟裂allowable rebound deflection容许(回弹)弯沉alternative line比较线anchored bulkhead abutment锚锭板式桥台anchored bulkhead retaining wall锚锭板式挡土墙anchored retaining wall by tie rods锚杆式挡土墙anionic emulsified bitumen阴离子乳化沥青annual average daily traffic年平均日交通量anti-creep heap(厂矿道路)挡车堆anti-dizzling screen防炫屏(遮光栅)antiskid heap(厂矿道路)防滑堆approach span引桥aquitard隔水层arch bridge拱桥arch culvert拱涵arch ring拱圈arterial highway干线公路arterial road(厂内)主干道，(城市)主干路asphalt distributor沥青洒布车asphalt mixing plant沥青混合料拌和设备asphalt paver沥青混合料摊铺机asphalt remixer复拌沥青混合料摊铺机asphalt sand沥青砂asphalt sprayer沥青洒布机asphaltic bitumen地沥青at-grade intersection平面交叉auxiliary lane附加车道average consistency(of soil)(土的)平均稠度average gradient平均纵坡azimuth angle方位角balance weight retaining wall衡重式挡土墙base course基层base line基线basic traffic capacity基本通行能力beam bridge梁桥beam level deflectometer杠杆弯沉仪bearing支座bearing angle象限角bearing pile支承桩bearing platform承台bed course垫层bench mark水准点benched subgrade台口式路基bending strength抗弯强度Benkelman beam杠杆弯沉仪(贝克曼弯沉仪) bent cap盖梁berm护坡道binder结合料binder course联结层bitumell沥青bitumen extractor(沥青混合料)抽提仪bitumen-aggregate ratio油石比bituminous concrete mixture沥青混凝土混合料bituminous concrete pavement沥青混凝土路面bituminous macadam mixture沥青碎石混合料bituminous macadam pavement沥青碎石路面bituminous mixture沥青混合料bituminous pavement沥青路面bituminous penetration pavement沥青贯入式路面bituminous surface treatment(沥青)表面处治blasting crater爆破漏斗blasting for loosening rock松动爆破blasting for throwing rock抛掷爆破blasting procedure土石方爆破bleeding泛油blind ditch盲沟blind drain盲沟block pavement块为路面block stone块石blow up拱胀boring钻探boring log(道路)地质柱状图boring machine钻孔机borrow earth借土borrow pit取土坑boundary frame on crossing道口限界架boundary frame on road道路限界架boundary line of road construction道路建筑限界bowstring arch bridge系杆拱桥box culvert箱涵branch pipe of inlet雨水口支管branch road(城市)支路，(厂内)支道bridge桥梁bridge decking桥面系bridge deck pavement桥面铺装bridge floor expantion and contraction installation 桥面伸缩装置bridge girder erection equipment架桥机bridge on slope坡桥bridge site桥位bridge road驮道broken chainage断链broken stone碎石broken back curve断背曲线buried abutment埋置式桥台bus bay公交(车辆)停靠站bypass公交绕行公路cable bent tower索塔cable saddle索鞍cable stayed bridge斜拉桥(斜张桥)cableway erecting equipment缆索吊装设备california bearing ratio(CBR)加州承载比(CBR) california bearing ratio tester加州承载比(CBR)测定仪camber curve路拱曲线cantilever beam bridge悬臂梁桥cantilever retaining wall悬臂式挡土墙capacity of intersection交叉口通行能力capacity of network路网通行能力capillary water毛细水carriage way车行道(行车道)cast-in-place cantilever method悬臂浇筑法cationic emulsified bitumen阳离子乳化沥青cattle-pass畜力车道cement concrete水泥混凝土cement concrete mixture水泥混凝土混合料cement concrete pavement水泥混凝土路面center-island中心岛center lane中间车道center line of road道路中线center line survey中线测量center stake中桩central reserve分隔带channelization渠化交通channelization island导流岛channelized intersection分道转弯式交叉口chip石屑chute急流槽circular curve圆曲线circular road环路circular test环道试验city road城市道路civil engineering fabric土工织物classified highway等级公路classified road等级道路clay-bound macadam泥结碎石路面clearance净空clearance above bridge floor桥面净空clearance of span桥下净空climatic zoning for highway公路自然区划climbing lane爬坡车道cloverleaf interchange苜蓿叶形立体交叉coal tar煤沥青cobble stone卵石coefficient of scouring冲刷系数cohesive soil粘性土cold laid method冷铺法cold mixing method冷拌法cold-stretched steel bar冷拉钢筋column pier柱式墩combination-type road system混合式道路系统compaction压实compaction test击实试验compaction test apparatus击实仪compactness test压实度试验composite beam bridge联合梁桥composite pipe line综合管道(综合管廊) compound curve复曲线concave vertical curve凹形竖曲线concrete joint cleaner(水泥混凝土)路面清缝机concrete joint sealer(水泥混凝土)路面填缝机concrete mixing plant水泥混凝土(混合料)拌和设备concrete paver水泥混凝土(混合料)摊铺机concrete pump水泥混凝土(混合料)泵concrete saw(水泥混凝土)路面锯缝机cone penetration test触探试验conflict point冲突点conical slope锥坡consistency limit(of soil)(土的)稠度界限consolidated subsoil加固地基consolidation固结construction by swing转体架桥法construction height of bridge桥梁建筑高度construction joint施工缝construction load施工荷载construction survey施工测量continuous beam bridge连续梁桥contour line等高线contraction joint缩缝control point路线控制点converging合流convex vertical curve凸形竖曲线corduroy road木排道counterfort retaining wall扶壁式挡土墙counterfort abutment扶壁式桥台country road乡村道路county road县公路(县道)，乡道creep徐变critical speed临界速度cross roads十字形交叉cross slope横坡cross walk人行横道cross-sectional profile横断面图cross-sectional survey横断面测量crown路拱crushed stone碎石crushing strength压碎值culture地物culvert涵洞curb路缘石curb side strip路侧带curve length曲线长curve widening平曲线加宽curved bridge弯桥cut挖方cut corner for sight line(路口)截角cut-fill transition土方调配cut-fill transition program土方调配图cutting路堑cycle path自行车道cycle track自行车道deceleration lane减速车道deck bridge上承式桥deflection angle偏角deflection test弯沉试验degree of compaction压实度delay延误density of road network道路(网)密度depth of tunnel隧道埋深design elevation of subgrade路基设计高程design frequency(排水)设计重现期design hourly volume设计小时交通量design of elevation(城市道路)竖向设计design of vertical alignment纵断面设计design speed计算行车速度(设计车速)design traffic capacity设计通行能力design vehicle设计车辆design water level设计水位designed elevation设计高程designed flood frequency设计洪水频率dislicking treatment防滑处理Deval abrasion testing machine狄法尔磨耗试验机(双筒式磨耗试验机)diamond interchange菱形立体交叉differential photo微分法测图direction angle方向角directional interchange方向式立体交叉diverging分流dowel bar传力杆drain opening泄水口drainage by pumping station(立体交叉)泵站排水drainage ditch排水沟dressed stone料石drop water跌水dry concrete干硬性混凝土ductility(of bitumen)(沥青)延度ductilometer(沥青)延度仪dummy joint假缝dynamic consolidation强夯法economic speed经济车速economical hauling distance土方调配经济运距element support构件支撑elevation高程(标高)embankment路堤emergency parking strip紧急停车带emulsified bitumen乳化沥青erecting by floating浮运架桥法erection by longitudinal pulling method纵向拖拉法erection by protrusion悬臂拼装法erection with cableway缆索吊装法evaporation pond蒸发池expansion bearing活动支座expansive soil膨胀土expantion joint胀缝expressway(城市)快速路external distance外(矢)距fabricated bridge装配式桥fabricated steel bridge装拆式钢桥factories and mines road厂矿道路factory external transportation line对外道路factory-in road厂内道路factory-out road厂外道路fast lane内侧车道faulting of slab ends错台feeder highway支线公路ferry渡口fibrous concrete纤维混凝土field of vision视野fill填方filled spandrel arch bridge实腹拱桥final survey竣工测量fineness细度fineness modulus细度模数fixed bearing固定支座flare wing wall abutment八字形桥台flared intersection拓宽路口式交叉口flash point闪点flash point tester(open cup method)闪点仪(开口杯式) flexible pavement柔性路面flexibie pier柔性墩floor system桥面系flush curb平缘石foot way人道道ford过水路面forest highway林区公路forest road林区道路foundation基础free style road system自由式道路系统free way高速公路free-flow speed自由车速freeze road冻板道路freezing and thawing test冻融试验frost boiling翻浆frozen soil冻土full depth asphalt pavement全厚式沥青(混凝土)路面function planting功能栽植general scour under bridge opening桥下一般冲刷geological section(道路)地质剖面图geotextile土工织物gradation级配gradation of stone(路用)石料等级grade change point变坡点grade compensation纵坡折减grade crossing平面交叉grade length limitation坡长限制grade of side slope边坡坡度grade separation简单立体交叉grade-separated junction立体交叉graded aggregate pavement级配路面grader平地机grain composition颗粒组成granular material粒料gravel砾石gravity pier(abutment)重力式墩、台gravity retaining wall重力式挡土墙green belt绿化带gridiron road system棋盘式道路系统ground control-point survey地面控制点测量ground elevation地面高程ground stereophotogrammetry地面立体摄影测量guard post标柱guard rail护栏guard wall护墙gully雨水口gutter街沟(偏沟)gutter apron平石gutter drainage渠道排水half-through bridge中承式桥hard shoulder硬路肩hardening硬化hardness硬度haul road运材道路heavy maintenance大修hectometer stake百米桩hedge绿篱height of cut and fill at center stake中桩填挖高度high strength bolt高强螺栓high type pavement高级路面highway公路highway landscape design公路景观设计hill-side line山坡线(山腰线)hilly terrain重丘区horizontal alignment平面线形horizontal curve平曲线hot laid method热铺法hot mixing method热拌法hot stability(of bitumen)(沥青)热稳性hydraulic computation水力计算hydraulicity水硬性imaginary intersection point虚交点immersed tunnelling method沉埋法inbound traffic入境交通incremental launching method顶推法industrial district road工业区道路industrial solid waste(路用)工业废渣industrial waste base course工业废渣基层inlet雨水口inlet submerged culvert半压力式涵洞inlet unsubmerged culvert无压力式涵洞inorganic binder无机结合料instrument station测站intensity of rainstorm暴雨强度intercepting ditch截水沟interchange互通式立体交叉interchange with special bicycle track分隔式立体交叉intermediate maintenance中修intermediate type pavement中级路面intersection(平面)交叉口intersection angle交叉角，转角intersection entrance交叉口进口intersection exit交叉口出口intersection plan交叉口平面图intersection point交点intersection with widened corners加宽转角式交叉口jack-in method顶入法kilometer stone里程碑land slide坍方lane车道lane-width车道宽度lateral clear distance of curve(平曲线)横净距lay-by紧急停车带level of service道路服务水平leveling course整平层leveling survey水准测量light-weight concrete轻质混凝土lighting facilities of road道路照明设施lime pile石灰桩line development展线linking-up road联络线、连接道路liquid asphaltic bitumen液体沥青liquid limit液限living fence绿篱load荷载loading berm反压护道loading combinations荷载组合loading plate承载板loading plate test承载板试验local scour near pier桥墩局部冲刷local traffic境内交通location of line定线location survey定测lock bolt support with shotcrete喷锚支护loess黄土longitudinal beam纵梁longitudinal gradient纵坡longitudinal joint纵缝loop ramp环形匝道Los Angeles abrasion testing machine洛杉面磨耗试验机(搁板式磨耗试验机)low type pavement低级路面main beam主梁main bridge主桥maintenance养护maintenance period大中修周期manhole检查井marginal strip路缘带Marshall stability apparatus马歇尔稳定度仪Marshall stability test马歇尔试验masonry bridge圬工桥maximum annual hourly volume年最大小时交通量maximum dry unit weight(标准)最大干密度maximum longitudinal gradient最大纵坡mine tunnelling method矿山法mineral aggregate矿料mineral powder矿粉mini-roundabout微形环交minimum height of fill(路基)最小填土高度minimum longitudinal gradient最小纵坡minimum radius of horizontal curve最小平曲线半径minimum turning radius汽车最小转弯半径mixed traffic混合交通mixing method拌和法mixture混合料model split交通方式划分modulus of elasticity弹性模量modulus of resilience回弹模量modulus ratio模量比monthly average daily traffic月平均日交通量motor way高速公路mountainous terrain山岭区movable bridge开启桥mud淤泥multiple-leg intersection多岔交叉national trunk highway国家干线公路(国道)natural asphalt天然沥青natural scour自然演变冲刷natural subsoil天然地基navigable water level通航水位nearside lane外侧车道net-shaped cracking路面网裂New Austrian Tunnelling Method新奥法observation point测点one-way ramp单向匝道open cut method明挖法open cut tunnel明洞open spandrel arch bridge空腹拱桥。
公路工程名词术语中英文对照11
公路工程名词术语中英文对照公路highway道路road公路工程highway engineering公路网highway network公路网密度highway density公路等级highway classification公路自然区划climatic zoning for highway公路用地highway right--of--way高速公路freeway等级公路classified highway辅道relief road干线公路arterial highway支线公路feeder highway专用公路accommodate highway国家干线公路〔国道〕national trunk highway.省级干线公路〔省道〕provincial trunk highway县公路〔县道〕county road乡公路〔乡道〕township road辐射式公路radial highway环形公路ring highway绕行公路bypass交通结构traffic structure交通组成traffic composition混合交通mixed traffic交通流traffic flow交通流理论traffic flow theory车流vehicle stream交通密度traffic density车头间距Space headway车头时距time headway 车间净距vehicular gap延误delay地点速度spot speed行驶速度running speed运行速度operating speed临界速度critical speed平均速度average speed计算行车速度(设计车速) design speed交通量traffic volume年平均日交通量annual average daily月平均日交通量monthly averagedaily traffic年第30 位最大小时交通量thirtiethhighest annual hourly volume年最大小时交通量maximum annualhourly volume设计小时交通量design hourly volume通行能力traffic capacity根本通行能力basic traffic capacity可能通行能力possible traffic capacity设计通行能力design traffic capacity道路效劳水平level of service公路交通规划traffic planning交通调查traffic survey交通量调查traffic volume survey交通量观测站traffic volumeobservation station起迄点调查〔OD 调查〕origin-destination study出行trip境内交通local traffic过境交通through traffic交通发生traffic generation交通分布traffic distribution交通分配traffic assignment交通预测traffic prognosis行车道carriageway别离式行车道Divided carriageway车道lane变速车道speed-change lane加速车道acceleration lane减速车道deceleration lane爬坡车道climbing lane停车道parking lane错车道turn-out lane自行车道cycle path路侧人行道sidewalk分隔带lane separator中央分隔带median divider中间带central strip路肩shoulder；verge路缘带marginal strip路缘石kerb；curb侧向余宽lateral clearance路拱camber；crown路拱横坡crown slope公路建筑限界clearance of highway公路路线highway route公路线形highway alignment平面线形horizontal alignment纵面线形vertical alignment线形要素alignment elements平曲线horizontal curve极限最小平曲线半径limitedminimum radius of horizontal curv复曲线compound curve反向曲线reverse curve断背曲线broken-back curve回头曲线switch-back curve缓和曲线transition curve竖曲线vertical curve弯道加宽curve widening加宽缓和段transition zone of curve超高superelevation超高缓和段superelevation runoff纵坡longitudinal gradient最大纵坡maximum longitudinalgradient最小纵坡minimum longitudinalgradient变坡点grade change point平均纵坡average gradient坡长限制grade length limitation高原纵坡折减highland gradecompensation缓和坡段transition grading zone合成坡度resultant gradient视距sight distance停车视距non-passing sight distance，stopping sight distance超车视距passing sight distance道路交叉road intersection道口railroad grade crossing平面交叉at-grade intersection；gradecrossing正交叉right-angle intersection斜交叉skew intersection环形交叉rotary intersection十字形交叉〞十〞intersectionT 形交叉T intersection错位交叉offset intersection；staggeredjunctionY 形交叉Y intersection立体交叉grade separation别离式立体交叉simple gradeseparation，separate grade crossing互通式立体交叉Interchange目蓿叶形立体交叉full cloverleafinterchange局部目蓿叶形立体交叉cloverleafinterchange菱形立体交叉diamond interchange定向式立体交叉directionalinterchange喇叭形立体交叉three-Leginterchange环形立体交叉rotary interchange匝道ramp交叉口road crossing；intersection交叉口进口intersection entrance交叉口出口intersection exit加铺转角式交叉口intersection withwidened corners拓宽路口式交叉口flared intersection分道转弯式交叉口channelizedintersection渠化交通channelization交织weaving交织路段weaving section合流converging分流diverging冲突点conflict point交通岛traffic island导流岛channelization island中心岛central island平安岛refuge island沿线设施roadside facilities交通平安设施traffic safety device人行横道crosswalk人行地道pedestrian underpass人行天桥pedestrian overcrossing护栏guard fence防护栅guard fence，safety barrier遮光栅anti-dizzling screen应急emergency telephone反光标志reflective sign反光路钮reflective button弯道反光镜traffic mirror道路交通标志road traffic sign警告标志warning sign禁令标志regulatory sign指示标志guide sign指路标志information sign辅助标志auxiliary sign可变信息标志changeable messagesign路面标线pavement marking防雪设施snow protection facilities防沙设施sands protection facilities隔音墙acoustic barrier停车场parking area踏勘reconnaissance可行性研究feasibility study线形设计highway alignment design公路景观设计highway landscapedesign选线route selection路线控制点control point定线location比拟线alternative line展线line development初测preliminary survey定测location survey地貌topographic feature地物culture地形topography台地terrace垭口pass；saddle back平原区plain terrain微丘区rolling terrain重丘区hilly terrain山岭区mountainous terrain沿溪线valley line山脊线ridge line山坡线hill-sideline越岭线ridge crossing line土方调配cut-fill transition土方调配图cut-fill transition program 土方调配经济运距economical hauling distance导线traverse导线测量traverse survey中线center line中线测量center line survey施工测量construction survey竣工测量final survey(路线)平面图plan交点intersection point虚交点imaginary intersection point转点turning point；转角intersection angle方位角azimuth angle象限角bearing 方向角direction angle切线长tangent length曲线长curve length外(矢)距external secant测站instrument station测点observation point中桩center stake加桩additional stake护桩reference stake断链broken chainage水准测量leveling survey水准点benchmark绝对基面absolute datum高程elevation地面高程ground elevation设计高程designed elevation(路线)纵断面图profile中桩填挖高度cut and fill at centerstake地形测量topographic survey基线baseline地形图topographic map等高线contour line横断面测量cross-sectional survey横断面图cross-section坑探pit test钻探boring摄影测量photogrammetry航空摄影测量aerial photogrammetry地面立体摄影测量ground stereophotogrammetry地面控制点测量ground control-pointsurvey航摄基线aerophoto base影像地图photographic map像片索引图(镶辑复照图) photo index航摄像片判读aerophoto interpretation综合法测图planimatric photo全能法测图universal photo微分法测图differential photo像片镶嵌图photo mosaic路基subgrade路堤embankment路堑cutting半填半挖式路基part cut-partfillsubgrade台口式路基benched subgrade路基宽度width of subgrade路基设计高程design elevation ofsubgrade(路基)最小填土高度minimum heightof fill边坡side slope边坡坡度grade of side slope(边)坡顶top of slope(边)坡脚toe of slope护坡道berm边坡平台plain stage of slope碎落台berm at the foot of cuttingslope护坡slope protection挡土墙retaining wall重力式挡土墙gravity retaining wall衡重式挡土墙balance weightretaining wall悬臂式挡土墙cantilever retaining wall扶壁式挡土墙counterfort retainingwall柱板式挡土墙column-plate tetainingwall锚杆式挡土墙anchored retaining wallby tie rods锚碇板式挡土墙anchored bulkheadtetaining wall石笼rock filled gabion抛石riprap路基排水subgrade drainage边沟side ditch截水沟intercepting ditch排水沟drainage ditch急流槽chute跌水drop water蒸发池evaporation pond盲沟blind drain渗水井seepage well透水路堤permeable embankment过水路面ford填方fill挖方cut借土borrow earth弃土waste取土坑borrow pit弃土堆waste bank回填土back--filling黄土loess软土soft soil淤泥mud泥沼moor泥炭peat盐渍土salty soil膨胀土expansive soil冻土frozen soil多年冻土permafrost流砂quicksand软弱地基soft ground强夺法dynamic consolidation预压法preloading method反压护道loading berm砂井sand drain路基砂垫层sand mat of subgrade压实compaction压实度degree of compaction〔标准〕最大干容重maximum dryunit weight相对密实度relative density毛细水capi11ary water土石方爆破blasting procedure抛掷爆破blasting for throwing rock爆破漏斗blasting crater松动爆破blasting for loosening rock爆破作用圈acting circ les of blasting路面pavement弹性层状体系理论elastic multilayertheory〔回弹〕弯沉deflection加州承载比〔CBR 〕Californiabearing ratio, CBR)路面宽度width of pavement路槽road trough刚性路面rigid pavement柔性路面flexible pavement路面结构层pavement structure layer面层surface course磨耗层wearing course联结层binder course基层base course垫层bed course隔水层aquitard隔温层thermal insulating course封层sea1 coat透层prime coat保护层protection course补强层streng thening layer高级路面high type pavement次高级路面sub--high type pavement中级路面intermediate type pavement低级路面low type pavement水泥混凝土路面cement concretepavement沥青路面bituminous pavement沥青混凝土路面bituminous concretepavement沥青碎石路面bituminous macadampavement沥青贯入碎〔砾〕石路面bituminouspenetration pavement沥青外表处治bituminous surfacetreatment块料路面block pavement石块路面stone block pavement泥结碎石路面clay--bound macadampavement水结碎石路面water--bound macadampavement级配路面graded aggregate pavement稳定土基层stabilized soil base course工业废渣基层industrial waste basecourse块石基层Telford base层铺法spreading in layers拌和法mixing method厂拌法plant mixing method路拌法road mixing method热拌泼hot mixing method冷拌法cold mixing method热铺法hot laid method冷铺法cold laid method贯入法penetration method铺砌法pitching method缩缝contraction joint胀缝expansion joint真缝true joint假缝dummy joint横缝transverse Jo1nt纵缝longitudinal joint施工缝construction joint传力杆dowel bar拉杆tie bar路面平整度surface evenness路面粗糙度surface roughness路面摩擦系数friction coefficient of pavement附着力adhesive force水滑现象hydroplaning phenomenon 桥梁bridge公路桥highway bridge公铁两用桥highway and rail transit bridge人行桥pedestrian bridge跨线桥overpass bridge高架桥viaduct永久性桥permanent bridge半永久性桥semi-permanent bridge 临时性桥temporary bridge 钢筋混凝土桥reinforced concretebridge预应力混凝土桥prestressed concretebridge钢桥steel bridge圬工桥masonry bridge木桥timber bridge正交桥right bridge斜交桥skew bridge弯桥curved bridge坡桥bridge on slope斜桥skew bridge正桥right bridge上承式桥deck bridge中承式桥half-through bridge下承式桥through bridge梁桥beam bridge简支梁桥simple supported beambridge连续梁桥continuous beam bridge悬臂梁桥cantilever beam bridge联合梁桥composite beam bridge板桥slab bridge拱桥arch bridge双曲拱桥two-way curved arch bridge空腹拱桥open spandrel arch bridge实腹拱桥filled spandrel arch bridge系杆拱桥bowstring arch bridge桁架桥truss bridge刚构桥rigid frame bridgeT 形刚构桥T-shaped rigid framebridge连续刚构桥continuous rigid framebridge斜腿刚构桥rigid frame bridge withinclined 1egs斜拉桥(斜张桥) cable stayed bridge悬索桥suspension bridge漫水桥submersible bridge浮桥pontoon bridge开启桥movable bridge装配式桥fabricated bridge装拆式钢桥fabricated steel bridge涵洞culvert管涵pipe culvert拱涵arch culvert箱涵box culvert盖板涵slab culvert无压力式涵洞non-pressure culvert压力式涵洞pressure culvert半压力式涵洞partial pressure culvert倒虹吸涵siphon culvert上部结构superstructure主梁main beam横梁floor beam纵梁longitudinal beam，stringer挂梁suspended beam拱圈arch，ring拱上结构spandrel structure腹拱spandrel arch拱上侧墙spandrel wall桥面系floor system，bridge decking桥面铺装bridge deck pavement伸缩缝expansion and contraction joint桥面伸缩装置bridge floor expansionandcontraction installation平安带safety belt桥头搭板transition slab at bridge head下部结构substructure桥墩pier墩身pier body墩帽coping盖梁bent cap破冰体ice apron重力式桥墩gravity pier实体桥墩solid pier空心桥墩hollow pier柱式桥墩column pier排架桩墩pile bent pier柔性墩flexible pier制动墩braking pier单向推力墩single direction thrustedpier桥台abutment台身abutment body前墙front wall翼墙wing walls台帽coping锥坡conical slope耳墙wing wallsU 形桥台U-shaped abutment八字形桥台flare wing wall abutment一字形桥台head wall abutment，straight abutment重力式桥台gravity abutment埋置式桥台buried abutment扶壁式桥台counterforted abutment锚锭板式桥台anchored bulkheadabutment支撑式桥台supported type abutment地基subsoil加固地基consolidated subsoil天然地基natural subsoil根底foundation扩大根底spread foundation沉井根底open caisson foundation管柱根底cylindrical shaft foundation桩根底pile foundation桩pile预制桩precast pile就地灌注桩cast-in-place concrete pile摩擦桩friction pile支承桩bearing pile承台bearing platform支座bearing固定支座fixed bearing活动支座expansion bearing索塔cable bent tower索鞍cable saddle调治构造物regulating structure丁坝spur dike顺坝longitudinal dam桥位bridge site桥梁全长total length of bridge主桥main bridge引桥approach span跨径span桥涵计算跨径computed span桥涵净跨径clear span矢跨比rise span ratio计算矢高calculated rise of arch桥下净空clearance of span桥面净空clearance above bridge floor桥梁建筑高度construction height ofbridge荷载load永久荷载permanent load可变荷载variable load偶然荷载accidental load荷载组合loading combinations车辆荷载标准loading standard fordesign vehicle设计荷载design load施工荷载construction load梁beam简支梁simple-supported beam连续梁continuous beam悬臂梁cantilever beam板slab拱arch桁架truss刚构rigid frame柱column强度strength刚度stiffness，rigidity抗裂度crack resistance稳定性stability位移displacement变形deformation挠度deflection预拱度camber流域catchment basin集水面积runoff area径流runoff水文测验hydrological survey河床river bed河槽river channel主槽main channel边滩side shoal河滩rlood land河床宽度bed width河槽宽度channel width过水断面discharge section水位water level最高(或最低)水位maximum(minimum)water level通航水位navigable water level设计水位design water lever水面比降water surface slope河床比降gradient of river bed湿周weffed perimeter糙率coefficient of roughuess水力半径hydraulic radius水文计算hydrological computation 设计流量designed discharge设计流速designed flow velocity行近流速approach velocity洪水调查flood survey洪水频率flood frequency设计洪水频率designed flood frequency潮汐河流tidal river悬移质suspended load推移质bed material load水力计算hydraulic computation水头water head冲刷scour桥下一般冲刷general scour under bridge桥墩(或台)局部冲刷local scour near pier自然演变冲刷natural scour冲刷系数coefficient of scouring 淤积silting壅水back water流冰ice drift先张法pretensioning method后张法post-tensioning method缆索吊装法erection with cableway悬臂拼装法erection by protrusion悬臂浇筑法cast-in-place cantilevermethod移动支架逐跨施工法span by spanmethod纵向拖拉法erection by longitudinalpulling method顶推法incremental launching method转体架桥法construction by swing浮运架桥法erecting by floating顶入法jack-in method围堰cofferdam护筒pile casing隧道tunnel洞门tunnel portal衬砌tunnel lining明洞open cut tunnel围岩surrounding rork隧道建筑限界structural approachlimit of tunnels明挖法open cut method矿山法mine tunnelling method盾构法shield tunnelling method沉埋法(沉管法) immersed tunnel导坑heading隧道支撑tunnel support构件支撑element support喷锚支护lock bolt support withshotcrete隧道通风tunnel ventilation隧道照明tunnel lighting养护maintenance定期养护periodical maintenance巡回养护patrol maintenance大中修周期maintenance period小修保养routine maintenance中修intermediate maintenance大修heavy maintenance改善工程road inprovement抢修emergency repair of road加固strengthening of structure回砂sand sweeping罩面overlay of pavement路面翻修pavement recapping路向补强pavement strengthening车辙rutting路面搓板surface corrugation路面网裂net-shaped cracking路面龟裂alligator cracking路面碎裂pavement spalling反射裂缝reflection crack路面坑槽pot holes路面冻胀surface frost heave路面沉陷pavement depression路面滑溜surface slipperiness露骨surface angularity啃边edge failure泛油bleeding拥包upheaval拱胀blow up错台faulting of slab ends错位slab staggering滑坡slide坍方land slide崩塌collapse碎落debris avalanche沉降settlement沉陷subsidence泥石流mud avalanche(振动)液化liquefaction翻浆frost boiling岩溶karst沙害sand hazard雪害snow hazard水毁washout好路率rate of good roads养护质量综合值general rating ofmaintenance quality路容road appearance路况road condition路况调查road condition survey路政管理rlad administration民工建勤civilian labourers workingon public project养路费toll of road maintenance养路道班maintenance gang粒料granular material集料(骨料) aggregate矿料mineral aggregate矿粉mineral powder砂sand砾石gravel砂砾sand gravel卵石cobble stone碎石broken stone，crushed stone片石rubble块石block stone料石dressed stone石屑chip工业废渣industrial solid waste结合料binder有机结合料organic binding agent沥青bitumen地沥青asphalt天然沥青natural asphalt石油沥青petroleum asphalt煤沥青coal tar乳化沥青emulsified bitumen氧化沥青oxidized asphalt路用沥青road bitumen无机结合料inorganic binding agent粉煤灰fly ash混合料mixture沥青混合料bituminous mixture沥青混凝土混合料bituminousconcrete mixture沥青碎石混合料bituminous macadammixture沥青砂asphalt sand沥青膏asphalt mastic水泥砂浆cement mortar石灰砂浆lime mortar水泥混凝土混合料cement concretemixture水泥混凝土cement concrete钢筋混凝土reinforced concrete预应力(钢筋)混凝土prestressedconcrete早强混凝土early strength concrete干硬性混凝土dry concrete贫混凝土lean concrete轻质混凝土light-weight concrete纤维混凝土fibrous concrete外掺剂admixture减水剂water reducing agent加气剂air entraining agent早强剂early strength agent缓凝剂retarder钢筋steel bar预应力钢材prestressing steel高强钢丝high tensile steel wire钢铰线stranded steel wire冷拉钢筋cold-stretched steel bar冷拔钢丝cold-drawn steel wire高强螺栓high strength bolt空隙率porosity孔隙比void ratio粒径grain size颗粒组成grain composition细度fineness筛分sieve analysis级配gradation级配曲线grading curve最正确级配optimum gradation含水量water content最正确含水量optimum water content稠度界限consistency limit液限liquid limit塑限plastic limit缩限shrinkage limit塑性指数plasticity index水泥标号cement mark水泥混凝土标号cement concrete mark水泥混凝土配合比proportioning of cement concrete水灰比water cement ratio和易性workability坍落度slump硬化hardening水硬性hydraulicity气硬性air hardening离析segregation徐变creep老化ageing(沥青)稠度consistency (of bitumen) 针入度penetration粘(滞)度viscosity软化点softening point延度ductility闪点flash point溶解度dissolubility热稳性hot stability水稳性water stability油石化asphalt-aggregate ratio含油率bitumen content压碎率rate of crushing磨耗度abrasiveness弹性模量modulus of elasticity回弹模量modulus of resilience劲度(模量) stiffness modulus模量比modulus ratio泊松比Poisson's ratio疲劳试验fatigue test劈裂试验splitting test三轴试验triaxial test 击实试验compaction test触探试验cone penetration test弯沉试验deflection test环道试验circular track test承载板试验loading plate test透水性试验perviousness test车辙试验wheel tracking test马歇尔试验Marshall stability test压实度试验compactness test铺砂法sand patch method硬练胶砂强度试验earth-dry mortarstrength-test软练胶砂强度试验plastic mortarstrength-test(水泥)安定性试验soundness test(ofcement)击实仪compaction test equipment长杆贯入仪penetration test equipment承载板loading plate杠杆弯沉仪beam lever deflectometer路面曲率半径测定仪surface-curvature apparatus路面平整度测定仪vlameter路面透水度测定仪surfacepermeameter五轮仪fifth-wheel tester制动仪skiddometer速度检测器speed detector万能试验机universal testing machine三轴(剪切)仪triaxial shear equipment加州承载比(CBR)测定仪Californiabearing ratio-tester标准筛standard sieves(沥青)针入度仪penetrometer(沥青)粘度仪viscosimeter(沥青)延度仪ductilometer(沥青)软化点仪(环—球法) softeningpoint tester(ring-ball method)闪点仪(开口杯式) flash pointtester(open cup method)马歇尔稳定度仪Marshall stabilityapparatus(沥青混合料)抽提仪bitumen extractor砂浆稠度仪mortar penetration tester坍落度圆锥筒slump cone标准工业粘度计standard concreteconsisto-meter饱和面干吸水率试模saturated-surface-duied moistureretention tester撞击韧度试验机impact toughnessmachine圆盘耐磨硬度试验机wear hardnessmachine狄法尔磨耗试验机Deval abrasiontesting machine洛杉矶磨耗试验机Los Angelesabrasion testing- machine压碎率试模crushing strength tester单斗挖掘机single-bucket excavator推土机bulldozer除根机rootdozer铲运机scraper平地机grader挖沟机trencher耕耘机cultivator松土机ripper松土搅拌机pulvi-mixer稳定土拌和机stabilizer凿岩机rock breaker碎石机stone crusher碎石撒布机stone spreader装载机loader羊足压路机sheep-foot roller手扶式单轮压路机walk behind singledrum蛙式打夯机frog rammer内燃夯实机internal combustioncompactor铁夯(铁撞柱) tamping iron压路机roller振动压路机vibratory roller沥青加热器asphalt heater沥青泵asphalt pump沥青洒布机asphalt sprayer沥青洒布车asphalt distributor沥青混合料拌和设备asphalt mixingplant沥青混合料摊铺机asphalt paver散装水泥运输车cement deliver truck水泥混凝土混合料拌和设备concretemixing plant(水泥混凝土混合料)搅拌运输车concrete deliver truck水泥混凝土混合料摊铺机concretepaver振捣器concrete vibrator水泥混凝土混合料整面机concretefinisher真空泵vacuum pump水泥混凝土路面切缝机concrete Jointcutter水泥混凝土路面锯缝机concrete saw水泥混凝土路面清缝机concrete jointcleaner水泥混凝土路面填缝机concrete jointsealer水泵pump泥浆泵mud pump张拉钢筋油泵prestressed steel bardrawing oil pump砂浆泵mortar pump水泥混凝土混合料泵concrete pump钢筋切断机bar shear钢筋冷轧机cold-rolling mill钢筋冷拉机steel stretcher钢筋冷拔机steel bar cold-extrudingmachine钢筋冷镦机steel bar heading pressmachine钢筋拉伸机steel extension machine钢筋弯曲机steel bar bender钢筋调直机steel straighten machine对焊机butt welder钻孔机boring machine打桩机pile driver拔桩机pile extractor千斤顶jack张拉预应力钢筋千斤顶prestressedsteel bar drawing jack手拉葫芦chain block起重葫芦hoisting block卷扬机hoister缆索吊装设备cableway erectingequipment起重机crane架桥机bridge erection equipment砂筒sand cylinder盾构shield全气压盾构compressed air shield半盾构roof shield隧道掘进机tunnel boring machine全断面隧道掘进机tunnel boringmachine for full section喷枪shotcrete equipment：装碴机mucker盾构千斤顶main jack拉合千斤顶pull-in jacks复拌沥青混合料摊铺机asphaltremixer路面铣削机pavemill回砂车sand sweeping equipment除雪机snow plough装雪机snow Loader洗净剂喷布车detergent spray truck清扫车sweeper洒水车water truck划标线机Line maker振动筛vibrating screen撒布机spreader输送机conveyer提升机elevator翻斗车dump-body car自卸汽车dumping wagon牵引车tow truck拖车头tractor truck挂车trailer平板车flat truck工程车shop truck万能杆件fabricated universal steel members交通规那么traffic rules交通事故traffic accident交通事故率traffic accident rate人口事故率population accident rate 车辆事故率vehicle accident rate运行事故率operating accident rate 交通控制traffic control中央控制台central control unit点控制spot control线控制line control面控制area control交通信号traffic signal交通信号灯traffic signal lamp信号周期signal cycle绿信比split ratio信号相位signal phase相位差phase difference绿波green wave交通监视系统traffic surveillance 交通公害vehicular pollution公司企业常见部门名称英文翻译总公司Head Office分公司Branch Office营业部Business Office人事部Personnel Department(人力资源部)Human Resources Department总务部General Affairs Department 财务部General Accounting Department销售部Sales Department促销部Sales Promotion Department国际部International Department出口部Export Department进口部Import Department公共关系Public Relations Department广告部Advertising Department企划部Planning Department产品开发部Product Development Department研发部Research and Development Department(R&D)秘书室Secretarial Pool 交通标志专用名词中英对照警告标志|| Warning sign禁令标志|| Prohibition sign指示标志|| Mandatory sign指路标志|| Guide sign旅游标志|| Tourist sign标线|| Marking禁止超越线|| No-passing line大型车|| Oversize vehicle小型车|| Light-duty vehicle自行车|| Bicycle非机动车|| Non-motor vehicle公共汽车|| Bus机动车|| Motor vehicle公共汽车优先|| Bus preemption，Bus priority行车道|| Roadway,carriageway超车道|| Overtaking lane硬路肩|| Hard shoulder国道|| National road省道|| Provincial road县道|| County road高速公路|| Expressway起点|| Starting point终点|| End point一般道路|| Ordinary road城市道路|| Urban road**街道|| * * street互通式立交|| * * interchange高架桥|| Viaduct隧道|| Tunnel收费站|| Toll station应急停车带|| Emergency stop area休息处|| Rest area效劳区|| Service area避车道|| Lay-by,Passing bay火车站|| Railway station飞机场|| Airport停车场|| Parking长途汽车站|| Inter-city bus station急救站|| First aid station客轮码头|| Passenger quay餐饮|| Restaurant汽修|| Breakdown service洗车|| Vehicle cleaning加油站|| Filling station|| Telephone轮渡|| Ferry爬坡车道|| Climbing lane追尾危险|| Rear-end collisiondanger保持车距|| Keep space道路交通信息|| Traffic information路面结冰|| Icy pavement小心路滑|| Slippery road be careful陡坡慢行|| Steepdescent,slow-down多雾路段|| Foggy section软基路段|| Weak subgrade大型车靠右|| Oversize vehicle toright注意横风|| Alert to cross wind事故多发点|| Blackspot保护动物|| Protect animal长下坡慢行|| Longdescent,slow-down道路封闭|| Road closed车道封闭|| Lane closed车辆慢行|| Slow down道路施工|| Road construction,Roadworks车辆绕行|| Vehicle by-pass方向引导|| Direction guide落石|| Falling rocks双向交通|| Two-way traffic其他危险|| Other dangers道路或车道变窄|| Carriagewaynarrows堤坝路|| Embankment road限制高度|| Limited height限制宽度|| Limited width禁鸣喇叭|| Silence(No audiblewarning)渡船|| Ferry boat此路不通|| No through road中英对照医学名词医学名词Medical Terminology过敏Allergy健康诊断Gernral Check-upPhysical Examination检查Examination入院Admission to Hospotial退院Discharge from Hospital病症Symptom营养Nutrition病例Clinical History诊断Diagnosis治疗Treatment预防Prevention呼吸Respiration便通Bowel Movement便Stool血液Blood脉搏Pulse, Pulsation尿Urine脉搏数Pulse Rate血型Blood Type血压Blood Pressure麻醉Anesthesia全身麻醉General Anesthesia静脉麻醉Intravenous Anesthesia脊椎麻醉Spinal Anesthesia局部麻醉Local Anesthesia手术Operation切除Resectionlie副作用Side Effect洗净Irrigation注射InjectionX光X-Ray红外线Ultra Red-Ray慢性的Chronic急性的Acute体格Build亲戚Relative遗传Heredity免疫Immunity血清Serum流行性的Epidemic潜伏期Incubation Period滤过性病毒Virus消毒Sterilization抗生素Antibiotic脑波E.E.G洗肠Enema结核反映Tuberculin Reaction华氏Fahrenheit摄氏Celsius, Centigrade中英对照商标术语世界贸易组织?WTO? WORLDTRADE ORGANIZATION关税及贸易总协定?GATT?GENERAL AGREEMENT ONTARIFFS AND TRADE亚太经济合作组织?APEC? ASIAPACIFIC ECONOMICCOOPERATION与贸易有关的知识产权协议?TRIPS?AGREEMENT ON TRADERELATED ASPECTS OFINTELLECTUAL PROPERTYRIGHTS世界知识产权组织?WIPO? WORLDINTELLECTUAL PROPERTYORGANIZATION保护知识产权联合国际局INTERNATIONAL BOARD OFINTELLECTUAL PROPERTYRIGHT保护工业产权巴黎公约PARISCONVENTION FOR THEPROTECTION OF INDUSTRIALPROPERTY商标国际注册马德里协定MADRID AGREEMENT CONCERNING THE INTERNATIONAL REGISTRATION OF MARKS商标注册条约?TRT? TRADE MARK REGISTRATION TREATY商标注册用商品与国际分类尼斯协定NICE AGREEMENT CONCERNING THE INTERNATIONAL CLASSIFICATION OF GOODS AND SERVICES FOR THE PURPOSE OF THE REGISTRATION OF MARKS建立商标图形要素国际分类维也纳协定VIENNA AGREEMENT FOR ESTABLISHING AND INTERNATIONAL CLASSIFICATION OF THE FIGURATIVE ELEMENTS OF MARKS专利合作条约?PCT? PATENT CO－OPERATION TREATY共同体专利公约COMMUNITY 产PATENT CONVENTION斯特拉斯堡协定?SA? STRASBOURG AGREEMENT 工业外观设计国际保存海牙协定THE HAGUE AGREEMENT CONCERNING THE INTERNATIONAL DEPOSIT OF INDUSTRIAL DESIGNS工业外观设计国际分类洛迦诺协定LOCARNO AGREEMENT ONESTABLISHING ANDINTERNATIONALCLASSIFICATION FORINDUSTRIAL DESIGNS商标，外观设计与地理标记法律常设委员会〔SCT〕STANDINGCOMMITTEE ON THE LAWOF TRADEMARKS，INDUSTRIALDESIGN ANDGEOGRAPHICAL INDICATION国际专利文献中心?INPADOC?INTERNATIONAL PATENTDOCUMENTATION CENTER欧洲专利局?EPO? EUROPEANPATENT OFFICE欧洲专利公约EUROPEANPATENT CONVENTION比荷卢商标局TRADE MARKOFFICE OF BELGIUM－HOLLAND－LUXEMBURG法语非洲知识产权组织ORGANIZATION OF AFRICANINTELLECTUAL PROPERTY国际商标协会THEINTERNATIONAL TRADEMARKASSOCIATION中华人民共和国商标法TRADEMARK LAW OF THEPEOPLES REPUBLIC OFCHINA英国商标法TRADEMARKLAW OF UNITED KINGDOMOF GREAT BRITAIN ANDNORTHERN IRELAND美国商标法TRADEMARKLAW OF THE UNITEDSTATES OF AMERICA日本商标法JAPANESETRADEMARK LAW商标TRADE MARK商标局TRADE MARKOFFICCE商标法TRADEMARK LAW文字商标WORD MARK图形商标FIGURATIVEMARK组合商标ASSOCIATEDMARK保证商标CERTIFICATIONMARK集体商标COLLECTIVEMARK著名商标WELL－KNOWNMARK著名商标FAMOUYS MARK近似商标SIMILAR MARK防御商标DEFENSIVEMARK效劳标记SERVICE MARK注册商标REGISTEREDMARK商标注册申请人TRADEMARK REGISTRANT注册申请日APPLICATIONDATE OF TRADE MARK注册申请号APPLICATIONNUMBER商标注册证TRADE MARKREGISTRATION CERTIFICATE商标注册号TRADE MARKREGISTRATION NUMBER商标注册日TRADE MARKREGISTRATION DATE商标注册簿TRADE MARKREGISTERED BOOK注册有效期THE TERM OFVALIDITY商标注册官EXAMINATIONFOR TRADE MARKREGISTRATION注册查询TRADE MARKENQUIRIES注册续展RENEWAL OFTRADE MARK分别申请SEPARATEAPPLICATION重新申请NEWREGISTRATION别行申请NEWAPPLICATION变更申请APPLICATIONREGARDING CHANGES注册代理TRADE MARKAGENCY注册公告TRADE MARKPUBLICATION申请注册APPLICATION FORREGISTRATION续展注册RENEWAL OFREGISTRATION转让注册REGISTRATIONOF ASSIGNMENT变更注册人名义／地址／其它注册事项MODIFICATION OFNAME／ADDRESS OFREGISTRANT／OTHERMATTERS补发商标证书REISSUANCEOF REGISTRATIONCERTIFICATE注销注册商标REMOVAL证明CERTIFICATION异议OPPOSITION使用许可合同备案RECORDALOF LICENSE CONTRACT驳回商标复审REVIEW OFREFUSED TRADEMARK驳回续展复审REVIEW OFREFUSED RENEWAL驳回转让复审REVIEW OFREFUSED ASSIGNMENT撤销商标复审REVIEW OFADJUDICATION ONOPPOSITION异议复审REVIEW OFADJUDICATION ONOPPOSITION争议裁定ADJUDICATIONON DISPUTED REGISTEREDTRADEMARK撤销注册不当裁定ADJUDICATION ONCANCELLATION OFIMPROPERLY REGISTEREDTRADEMARK撤销注册不当复审REVIEWON CANCELLATION OFIMPROPERLY REGISTEREDTRADEMARK处理商标纠纷案件DEALINGWITH INFRINGEMENT优先权PRIORITY注册申请优先日DATE OFPRIORITY注册商标使用人USER OFREGISTERED TRADE MARK注册商标专用权EXCLUSIVERIGHT TO USE REGISTEREDTRADE MARK注册商标的转让ASSIGNMENTOF REGISTERED TRADEMARK商标的许可使用LICENSINGOF REGISTERED TRADEMARK使用在先原那么PRINCIPLEOF FIRST TO USE注册在先原那么PRINCIPLEOF FIRST APPLICATION商标国际分类INTERNATIONALCLASSIFICATION OF GOODS专利PATENT专利权PATENT RIGHT专利权人PATENTEE专利代理PATENT AGENCY产品专利PRODUCTPATENT。
公路工程名词术语中英文对照11
separate grade crossing 互通式立体交叉 Interchange 目蓿叶形立体交叉full cloverleaf interchange
部分目蓿叶形立体交叉 cloverleaf interchange
菱形立体交叉 diamond interchange 定向式立体交叉 directional interchange
拓宽路口式交叉口 flared intersection
交通岛traffic island 导流岛 channelization island 中心岛central island 安全岛 refuge island 沿线设施 roadside facilities 交通安全设施 traffic safety device 人行横道 crosswalk
干线公路 arterial highway 支线公路 feeder highway 专用公路 accommodate highway 国家干线公路（国道） national trunk highway.
省highway
县公路（县道） county road 乡公路（乡道） township road 辐射式公路 radial highway 环形公路 ring highway 绕行公路 bypass 交通结构 traffic structure 交通组成 traffic composition 混合交通 mixed traffic 交通流 traffic flow
年第30 位最大小时交通量thirtieth highest annual hourly volume 年最大小时交通量 maximum annual hourly volume
设计小时交通量design hourly volume 通行能力 traffic capacity
公路专业术语(中英文对照)
D IVISION 1100 : T ERMS A ND D EFINITIONS1101 D ESCRIPTIONIn this Specifications the following terms, words or expressions shall have the meanings hereby assigned to them. For clarify and ease of understanding, certain cross-sectional and pavement structure elements are illustrated in figures 1, 2 and 3.1102 T ERMS A ND D EFINITIONS AggregateHard mineral elements of construction material mixtures, for example: sand, gravel (crushed or uncrushed) or crushed rock.AnchorageAnchorage is the device comprising all the components and materials required for retainingthe force in a tensioned tendon and to transmit this force to the concrete of the structure.Anchorage reinforcement Anchorage reinforcement is the spiral and other reinforcement which forms part of the anchorage and is required for strengthening the anchorage and/or assisting in transmitting the tendon force to the concrete.Angle of SlopeUnless otherwise stated, is given in terms of the ratio of the vertical difference in elevation between any two points and the horizontal distance between them. This ratio may also be expressed as a percentage.Arising ToolA tool used to round off the edge of a concrete slab.AsphaltA mixture to predetermined proportions of aggregate, filler and bituminous binder materialprepared off the road and usually placed by means of a paving machine. Asphalt ConcreteA mixture to predetermined proportions of aggregate, filler and bituminous binder material plant mix and usually placed by means of a paving machine. Asphalt SurfacingThe layer or layers of asphalt concrete constructed on top of the road base. Back FillExcavated material, which is placed and compacted in trenches and around foundations.BaseA layer of material constructed on top of the sub base, or in the absence thereof, the selected layer. A base may extend to outside the travelled way.1100章：术语和定义1101 描述在本规范中，下列术语、词语和表达的含义以以下规定为准。
道路工程术语标准中英文对照
道路工程术语标准中英文对照----------专专最好文～专专专服专～急所急～供所需档你你你-------------文下专最佳的地方档道路工程专专专准第2.1.1条道路 road供各专专专和行人等通行的工程专施。
按其使用特点分专公路、城市道路、专道厂路、林道路及专村道路等。
区第2.1.2条公路 highway专专城市、专村～主要供汽专行专的具专一定技专件和专施的道路。
条第2.1.3条城市道路 city road～urban road 在城市范专～供专专及行人通行的具专一定技专件和专施的道路。
内条第2.1.4条厂专道路 factories and mines road 主要供工、专山专专专通行的道路。
厂运第2.1.5条区林道路 forest road建在林～主要供各专林专专工具通行的道路。
区运第2.1.6条专村道路 country road建在专村、专专～主要供行人及各专专专专工具通行的道路。
运第2.1.7条道路工程 road engineering 以道路专专象而专行的专、勘专、专专、施工等技专活专的全专程及其所事的工程专。
划从体第2.1.8条网道路 road network在一定域～由各专道路专成的相互专专、交专成分布的道路系专。
全部由各区内网状专公路专成的公路。
在城市范专由各专道路专成的城市道路。
称网内称网第2.1.9条道路(网)密度 density of road network 在一定域～道路的专里程专专域面专的比专。
区内网与区第2.1.10条道路技专专准 technical standard of road根据道路的性专、交通量及其所专地点的自然件～定道路专到的各专技专指条确达专和专定。
第2.1.11条专专专专 design vehicle道路专专所采用的汽专专型～以其外廓尺寸、重量、专特性等特征作专道路专专的依运据。
第2.1.12条特专专专 special vehicle 外廓尺寸、重量等方面超专专专专专限界的及特殊用途的专专。
公路工程施工专业术语-英汉
abrasiveness absolute datum abutment abutment pier acceleration lane accidental load accommodation lane acoustic barrier acting circles of blasting adverse grade for safety aerial photogrammetry aerophoto base aerophotointerpretation ageing aggregate air hardening alignment designalignment element alligator cracking annual average daily traffic anti-creep heap anti-dizzling screeh antiskid heap approach span aquitard arch bridge arch culvert arch ring arterialhighway arterial roadasphalt distributor asphalt mixing plant asphalt paver asphalt remixer asphalt sand asphalt sprayer asphaltic bitumen at-grade intersection麻耗度绝对基面桥台制动墩加速车道偶然荷载专用车道隔音墙爆破作用圈加桩同向曲线外加剂反坡安全线航空摄影测量航摄基线航摄像片判读老化集料（骨料）气硬性（城市道路）平面设计，线形设计线形要素路面龟裂容许（回弹）弯深比较线锚锭板式桥台锚锭板式档土墙锚杆式档土墙阴离子乳化沥青年平均日交通量（厂矿道路）挡车堆防炫屏（遮光棚）（厂矿道路）防滑堆引桥隔水层拱桥拱涵拱圈干线公路（厂内）主干道，（城市）主干路沥青洒布车沥青混合料拌和设备沥青混合料摊铺机复拌沥青混合料摊铺机沥青砂沥青洒布机地沥青平面交叉auxiliary laneaverageconsistency(of soil) average gradient azimuth anglebalance weight retaining wall base course base line basic traffic capacity beam bridgebeam level deflectometer bearingbearing anglebearing pilebearing platformbed coursebench markblasting craterblasting forloosening rock blasting for throwing rock blasting procedure bleeding blind ditch blind drain block pavement block stone blow up boring boring log boring machine borrow earth borrow pitadditional stake adjacent curvein one direction admixtureallowable rebound deflection alternative lineanchored bulkhead abutment anchored bulkhead retaining wall anchored retaining wall by tie rods anionic emulsified bitumen附加车道（土的）平均稠度平均纵坡方位角衡重式挡土墙基线基本通行能力梁桥杠杆弯沉仪支座象限角支承桩承台垫层水准点benched subgrade 台口式路基bending strength 抗弯强度Benkelman beam 杠杆弯沉仪（贝克曼弯沉仪）bent cap berm binder bindercourse bitumell bitumenextractor bitumen-aggregateratio bituminous concretemixture bituminous concretepavement bituminous macadammixture盖梁护坡道结合料联结层沥青（沥青混合料）抽提仪油石比沥青混凝土混合料沥青混凝土路面沥青碎石混合料bituminous macadam pavement 沥青碎石路面bituminous mixture 沥青混合料bituminous pavement bituminouspenetration pavement bituminoussurface treatment沥青路面沥青贯入式路面（沥青）表面处治爆破漏斗松动爆破抛掷爆破土石方爆破泛油盲沟盲沟块料路面块石拱胀钻探（道路）地质柱状图钻孔机借土取土坑boundary frame on crossing 道口限界架boundary frame on road 道路限界架boundary line of road construction 道路建筑限界bowstring arch bridge 系杆拱桥box culvert 箱涵branch pipe of inlet branch road bridge bridge decking bridge deck pavement雨水口支管（城市）支路，（厂内）支道桥梁桥面系桥面铺装bridge floor expantion and contraction installation 桥面伸缩装置bridge girder erection equipment 架桥机bridge on slope 坡桥bridge site 桥位bridle road 驮道断链broken chainage broken stonebroken back curve buried abutment bus bay bypass cable bent tower cable saddle cable stayed bridge cableway erecting equipment California bearing ratio(CBR) California bearing ratio tester碎石断背曲线埋置式桥台公交（车辆）停靠站绕行公路索塔索鞍斜接桥（斜张桥）缆索吊装设备加州承载比（CBR）加州承载比（CBR）测定仪camber curve cantilever beam bridge cantilever retaining wall capacity of intersection capacity of network capillary water carriage way cast-in-place cantilever method cationic emulsified bitumen cattle-pass cement concrete cement concrete mixture cement concrete pavement center-island center lane center line of road center line survey center stake central reserve channelization channelization island路拱曲线悬臂梁桥悬臂式挡土墙交叉口通行能力路网通行能力毛细水车行道（行车道）悬臂浇筑法阳离子乳化沥青畜力车道水泥混凝土水泥混凝土混合料水泥混凝土路面中心岛中间车道道路中线中线测量中桩分隔带渠化交通导流岛channelized intersection 分道转弯式交叉口chip 石屑chute 急流槽circular curve 圆曲线circular road 环路circular test 环道试验city road 城市道路civil engineering fabric 土工织物classified highway 等级公路classified road 等级道路clay-bound macadam 泥结碎石路面clearance 净空clearance above bridge floor 桥面净空clearance of span 桥下净空climatic zoning for highway 公路自然区划climbing lane 爬坡车道cloverleaf interchange 苜蓿叶形立体交叉coal tar 煤沥青cobble stone 卵石coefficient of scouring 冲刷系数cohesive soil 粘性土cold laid method 冷铺法cold mixing method 冷拌法cold stretched steel bar 冷拉钢筋column pier 柱式墩combination-type road system 混合式道路系统compaction 压实compaction test 击实试验compaction test apparatus 击实仪compactness test 压实度试验composite beam bridge 联合梁桥composite pipe line 综合管道（综合管廊）compound curve 复曲线concave vertical curve 凹形竖曲线concrete joint cleaner （水泥混凝土）路面清缝机concrete joint sealer （水泥混凝土）路面填缝机concrete mixing plant 水泥混凝土（混合料）拌和设备concrete paver 水泥混凝土（混合料）摊铺机concrete pump 水泥混凝土（混合料）泵concrete saw （水泥混凝土）路面锯缝机cone penetration test 触探试验conflict point 冲突点conical slope 锥坡consistency limit(of soil) （土的）稠度界限consolidated subsoil 加固地基consolidation 固结construction by swing 转体架桥法construction height of bridge 桥梁建筑高度construction joint 施工缝construction load construction survey continuous beam bridge contour line contraction joint control point converging convex vertical curve corduroy road counterfort retaining wall counterfort abutment country road county road creep critical speed cross roads cross slope cross walk cross-sectional profile cross-sectional survey crown crushed stone crushing strength culture culvert curb curb side strip curve length curve widening curved bridge cut cut corner for sight linecut-fill transition cut-fill transition program cutting cycle path cycle track deceleration lane deck bridge deflection angle deflection test施工荷载施工测量连续梁桥等高线缩缝路线控制点合流凸形竖曲线木排道扶壁式挡土墙扶壁式桥台乡村道路县公路（县道），乡道徐变临界速度十字形交叉横坡人行横道横断面图横断面测量路拱碎石压碎值地物涵洞路缘石路侧带曲线长平曲线加宽弯桥挖方（路口）截角土方调配土方调配图路堑自行车道自行车道减速车道上承式桥偏角弯沉试验压实度延误道路（网）密度隧道埋深路基设计高程（排水）设计重现期设计小时交通量（城市道路）竖向设计design traffic capacity design vehicle design water level desigred elevation designed flood frequency deslicking treatment erection by protrusion erection with cableway evaporation pond expansion bearig expansive soil expantion joint expressway external distance fabricated bridge fabricated steel bridge factories and mines road factory-in road factory-out roaddegree of compaction delay density of road network depth of tunnel design elevation of subgrade design frequency design hourly volume design of elevation design of vertical alignment 纵断面设计design speed 计算行车速度(设计车速)设计通行能力设计车辆设计水位设计高程设计洪水频率防滑处理Deval abrasion testing machine狄法尔磨耗试验机diamond interchangedifferential photo directionangle directional interchangediverging dowel bar drainopening drainage by Pumpingstation drainage ditch dressedstone drop water dry concreteductility(of bitumen)ductilometer dummy jointdynamic consolidationeconomic speed economicalhauling distance elementsupport elevationembankment emergencyparking strip emulsifiedbitumen erecting by floating菱形立体交叉微分法测图方向角定向式立体交叉分流传力杆泄水口（立体交叉）泵站排水排水沟料石跌水干硬性混凝土（沥青）延度（沥青）延度仪假缝强夯法经济车速土方调配经济运距构件支撑高程（标高）路堤紧急停车带浮化沥青浮运架桥法erection by longitudinal pulling method 纵向拖拉法（双筒式磨耗试验机悬臂拼装法缆索吊装法蒸发池活动支座膨胀土胀缝（城市）快速路外（矢）距装配式桥装拆式钢桥厂矿道路factory external transportation line 对外道路厂内道路厂外道路fast lane faulting of slabends feeder highway ferryfibrous concrete field ofvision fill filled spandrelarch bridge final surveyfineness fineness modulusfixed bearing flare wing wall abutment flaredintersection flash point flashpoint tester(open cupmethod) flexible pavementflexible pier floor systemflush curb foot way fordforest highway forest road foundation free style roadsystem free way free-flowspeed freeze roadfreezing and thawing testfrost boilingfrozen soil functionplanting 功能栽植generalscour under bridge opening 桥下一般冲刷geological sectiongeotextile gradationgradation of stone gradechange point gradecompensation gradecrossing grade lengthlimitation grade of sideslope grade separationgrade-separated junctiongraded aggregate pavement 级配路面gradergrain composition granularmaterial gravel gravitypier(abutment) gravityretaining wall green beltgridiron road systemground control-pointsurvey ground elevationgroundstereophotogrammetryguard post guard rail guardwall gully gutter gutterapron gutter drainage half-through bridge hard shoulder hardening hardness haul road heavy maintenance hectometer stake hedge height of cut and fill at center stake 中桩填挖高度high strength bolt high type pavement highway 公路highway landscape design hill-side line hilly terrain horizontal alignment horizontal curve hot laid method hot mixing method hot stability(of bitumen) hydraulic computation hydraulicity imaginary intersection point immersed tunneling method inbound traffic incremental launching method industrial district road industrial solid waste industrial waste base course inlet inlet submerged culvert内侧车道错台支线公路渡口纤维混凝土视野填方实腹拱桥竣工测量细度细度模数固定支座八字形桥台拓宽路口式交叉口闪点闪点仪（开口杯式）柔性路面柔性墩桥面系平缘石人行道过水路面林区公路林区道路基础自由式道路系统高速公路自由车速冻板道路冻融试验翻浆冻土full depth asphalt pavement全厚式沥青(混凝土)路面（道路）地质剖面图土工织物级配（路用）石料等级变坡点纵坡折减平面交叉坡长限制边坡坡度简单立体交叉立体交叉平地机颗粒组成粒料砾石重力式墩、台重力式挡土墙绿化带棋盘式道路系统地面控制点测量地面高程地面立体摄影测量标柱护栏护墙雨水口街沟（偏沟）平石渠道排水中承式桥硬路肩硬化硬度运材道路大修百米桩绿篱高强螺栓高级路面公路景观设计山坡线（山腰线）重丘区平面线形平曲线热铺法热拌法（沥青）热稳性水力计算水硬性虚交点沉埋法入境交通顶推法工业区道路（路用）工业废渣工业废渣基层雨水口半压力式涵洞intersectionintersection angleintersection entranceintersection exitintersection planintersection pointintersection with widened jack-in method kilometer stone land slide lane lane-width leveling course leveling survey light-weight concrete lightingfacilities of road lime pile line development linking-up road liquid asphaltic bitumen liquid limit living fence load loading berm loading combinationsloading plate loading plate test local scour near pier local traffic loess longitudinal beam longitudinal gradient longitudinal joint loop rampLos Angeles abrasion testing Machine low type pavement main beam main bridge maintenancemaintenance period manhole marginal strip Marshall stability apparatus Marshall stability testmasonry bridge minimum turning radius mixed traffic mixing method mixture model split modulus of elasticity modulus of resilienc modulus ratio monthly average daily traffic motor way mountainous terrain movable bridge mud multiple-leg intersectionnational trunk highway natural asphalt natural scour natural subsoil navigable water levelinlet unsubmerged culvert inorganic binder instrument station intensity ofrainstorm intercepting ditch interchange无压力式涵洞 无机结合料 测站 暴雨强度 截水沟 互通式立体交叉interchange with special bicycle track分隔式立体交叉intermediate maintenance 中修 intermediate type pavement 中级路面 lateral clear distance of curve （平曲线 ） 横净距 lay-by 紧急停车带 level of service 道路服务水平 location of line 定线 location survey 定测 lock bolt support with shotcrete 喷锚支护 （平面 ）交叉口交叉角，转角 交叉口进口 交叉口出口 交叉口平面图 交点 corners 加宽转角式交叉口 顶入法 里程碑坍方 车道车道宽度maximum annual hourly volume maximum dry unit weightmaximum longitudinal gradient mine tunneling method mineral aggregate mineral powder mini-roundabout minimum height of fill minimum longitudinal gradientminimum radius of horizontal curve整平层 水准测量 轻质混凝土 道路照明设施 石灰桩 展线 联络线，连接道路 液体沥青液限 绿篱 荷载 反压护道荷载组合 承载板 承载板试验 桥墩局部冲刷 境内交通环形匝道 洛杉矶磨耗试验机 （ 搁板式磨耗试验机 ） 低级路面 主梁 主桥 养护 大中修周期 检查井 路缘带 马歇尔稳定度仪 马歇尔试验 圬工桥 年最大小时交通量 （标准 ）最大干密度 最大纵坡 矿山法 矿料 矿粉 微形环交（路基 ）最小填土高度 最小纵坡 最小平曲线半径汽车最小转弯半径混合交通 拌和法 混合法 交通方式划分 弹性模量 回弹模量 模量比月平均日交通量高速公路 山岭区 开启桥 淤泥 多岔交叉 国家干线公路 （国道 ） 天然沥青 自然演变冲刷 天然地基通航水位 外侧车道 路面网裂黄土 纵梁 纵坡 纵缝nearside lane net-shaped cracking New Austrian Tunnelling Method observation point one-way ramp open cut method open cut tunnel 测点 单向匝道 明挖法 明洞open spandrel arch bridge opencast mine road operating speed optimum gradation optimum moisture content optimum speed organic binder origin-destination study outbound traffic outled submerged culvert outlet inlet main road overall speed overlay of pavement overpass grade separation overtaking lane overtaking sight distance paper location paraffin content test parent soil parking lane parking lot parking station part-put part-fill subgrade pass passing bay patrol maintenance paved crossing pavement pavement depression pavement recapping pavement slab pumping pavement spalling pavement strengthening pavement structure layer pavemill peak hourly volume pedestrian overcrossing pedestrian underpass penetration macadam with空腹拱桥露天矿山道路运行速度最佳级配最佳含水量临界速度有机结合科起迄点调查出境交通压力式涵洞城市出入干道区间速度罩面上跨铁路立体交叉超车车道超车视距纸上定线含蜡量试验原状土停车车道停车场公交（车辆）停靠站半填半挖式路基垭口错车道巡回养护道口铺面路面路面沉陷路面翻修路面板唧泥路面碎裂路面补强路面结构层路面铣削机（刨路机）高峰小时交通量人行天桥人行地道coated chips上拌下贯式（沥青）路面贯入法长杆贯入仪（沥青）针入度（沥青）针入度仪定期养护多年冻土永久荷载透水度试验石油沥青pretensioning methodprime coat productive arterial road productive branch road profile design profilometer provincialtrunk highway railroad grade crossing ramp rebound deflection像片索引图（镶辑复照图）像片镶嵌图摄影测量影像地图桥墩柱板式挡土墙排架桩墩打桩机管涵管道排水坑探铺砌法边坡平台平原区（路线）平面图（城市道路）平面设计（道路）平面示意图综合法测图厂拌法塑限塑性指数泊松比石料磨光值浮桥空隙率摆式仪可能通行能力后张法路面坑槽初测预压法预应力混凝土先张法透层生产干线生产支线纵断面设计路面平整度测定仪省干线公路（省道）（铁路）道口匝道回弹弯沉penetration method penetration test apparatus penetration(of bitumen) penetrometer periodical maintenance permafrost permanent load perviousness test petroleum asphaltic bitumen photo index photo mosaicphotogrammetryphotographic map pier pileand plank retaining wall pilebent pier pile driver pipeculvert pipe drainage pit testpitching method plain stageof slope plain terrain planview plane design planesketch planimetric photoplant mixing method plasticlimit plasticity index Poisson'sratio polished stone valuepontoon bridge porosityportable pendulum testerpossible traffic capacity post-tensioning method pot holespreliminary survey preloadingmethod prestressed concreteprestressed concrete bridge 预应力混凝土桥prestressed steel bar drawing jack 张拉预应力钢筋千斤顶proportioning of cement concrete 水泥混凝土配合比protection forest fire-proof road 护林防火道路reclaimed asphalt mixture 再生沥青混合料reclaimed bituminous pavement 再生沥青路面reconnaissance red clayreference stake reflection crackrefuge island regulatingstructure reinforced concretereinforced concrete bridge钢筋混凝土桥reinforced concrete pavement 钢筋混凝土路面reinforced earth retaining wall 加筋土挡土墙relative moisture content(of soil)(土的)相对含水量relief road residentisl street resultantgradient retaining wallretaining of pavement reversecurve reverse loop ridgecrossing line ridge line rightbridge right bridge rigid framebridge rigid pavement rigid-type base ring and radial roadsystem ripper riprap road roadalignment road appearanceroad area per citizen road arearatio road axis road bedroad bitumen路用沥青road condition 路况road condition survey road crossing roadcrossing design roadengineering road feasibilitystudy road improvement roadintersection road mixingmethod road network roadnetwork planning roadplanting road projectroad trough road way rockbreaker rock filled gabionrollerrolled cement concrete rollingterrain rotary interchange rotary intersection roundaboutroute development route ofroad route selection routinemaintenance rubble runningspeed rural road saddle backsafety belt安全带safety fence 防护栅salty soil 盐渍土sand 砂sand drain(sand pile) 砂井sand gravel 砂砾sand hazard 沙害sand mat of subgrade 排水砂垫层sand patch test 铺砂试验sand pile 砂桩sand protection facilities 防沙设施sand ratio 砂率secondary trunk road seepage well segregation semi-rigid type baseseparate facilitiesseparator sheep-foot rollshelter belt shield shieldtunneling methodshoulder shrinkage limitside ditch踏勘红粘土护桩反射裂缝安全岛调治构造物钢筋混凝土辅道居住区道路合成坡度挡土墙路面松散反向曲线回头曲线越岭线山脊线正交桥正桥刚构桥刚性路面刚性基层环形辐射式道路系统松土机抛石道路道路线形路容（城市）人均道路面积（城市）道路面积率道路轴线路床路况调查（平面）交叉口交叉口设计道路工程（道路工程）可行性研究改善工程道路交叉（路线交叉）路拌法道路网道路网规划道路绿化（道路工程）方案图路槽路幅凿岩机石笼压路机碾压式水泥混凝土微丘区环形立体交叉环形交叉环形交叉展线道路路线选线小修保养片石行驶速度郊区道路垭口sand sweeping 回砂sand sweeping equipment 回砂机sandy soil 砂性土saturated soil 饱和土scraper 铲运机seal coat 封层（厂内）次干道，（城市）次干路渗水井离析半刚性基层分隔设施分隔带羊足压路机（羊足碾）护路林盾构（盾构挖掘机）盾构法路肩缩限边沟公路工程名词术语 JTJ002-87 英汉对照索引steel extention machinestiffness modulus钢筋拉伸机劲度space headway space mean speed span span by span method spandrel arch spandrel structure special vehicle speed-change lane splitting test spot speed spreading in layers springing 同粒径集料倒虹涵斜交桥斜桥集材道路板桥盖板涵错位滑坡护坡坍落度雪害除雪机防雪设施软弱地基软土车头间距空间平均速度跨径移动支架逐跨施工法腹拱拱上结构特种车辆变速车道劈裂试验点速度层铺法弹簧现象稳定土拌和机稳定土基层碎落台错位交叉标准轴截钢筋冷墩机钢桥stone coating teststone crusher stonespreader stoppingsight distancestopping truck heapstreetstreet drainagestreet planting streettrees strengtheninglayer sub-high typepavement subgradesubgrade drainagesubmersible bridgesubsidence subsoilsubstructuresuperelevationsuperelevation runoffsuperstructure supportedtype abutment surfacecourse surface evennesssurface frost heavesurface permeametersurface roughnesssurface slipperiness石料裹覆试验碎石机碎石撒布机停车视距（厂矿道路）阻车堤街道街道排水街道绿化行道树补强层次高级路面路基路基排水漫水桥沉陷地基下部结构超高超高缓和段上部结构支撑式桥台面层路面平整度路面冻胀路面透水度测定仪路面粗糙度路面滑溜地表水路面曲率半径测定仪围岩悬索桥回头曲线丁字形交叉（T 形交叉）T 形刚构桥粘层切线长焦油沥青道路技术标准锥形块石（锥形）块石基层台地保温护道隔温层side slope 边坡side walk 人行道sieveanalysis 筛分sight distance 视距sight distance of intersection 路口视距sight line 视线sight triangle 视距三角形silty soil 粉性土simple supported beam bridge 简支梁桥simple direction thrusted pier 单向推力墩simple-size aggregatesiphon culvert skew bridgeskew bridge skid road slabbridge slab culvert slabstaggering slide slopeprotection slump snowhazard snow plough snowprotection facilities softground soft soilsoftening point tester（ring ball method）（沥青）软化点仪（环一球法） softening point（of bitumen）（沥青）软化点solubility（of bitumen）（沥青）深解度stabilizerstabilized soil base course stage forheaping soil and broken rock staggeredjunction standard axial loading steel barheading press machine steel bridge strengthening of structure 加固stringer 纵梁striping test for aggregate 集料剥落试验structural approach limit of tunnel 隧道建筑限界surface water surface-curvature apparatussurrounding rock suspensionbridge switch-back curve TintersectionT-shaped rigid frame bridgetack coat tangent length tartechnical standard of roadTelfordTelford baseTerracethermal insulation bermthermal insulation course公路工程名词术语 JTJ002-87英汉对照索引thirtieth highest annual hourly volume through bridge 下承式桥 through traffic 过境交通 tie bar 拉杆 timber bridge 木桥 time headway 车头时距time mean speed 时间平均速度 toe of slope （边）坡脚 tongue and groove joint 企口缝 top of slope （边）坡顶 topographic feature 地貌 topographic map 地形图 topographic survey 地形测量 topography 地形township road 乡公路 （乡道 ） traffic assignment 交通量分配traffic capacity 通行能力 traffic composition 交通组成 traffic density 交通密度 traffic distribution 交通分布 traffic flow 交通流 traffic gencration 交通发生 traffic island 交通岛 traffic mirror 道路反光镜 traffic planning 道路交通规划 traffic safety device 交通安全设施 traffic square 交通广场 traffic stream 车流 traffic survey 交通调查 traffic volume 交通量 traffic volume observation station 交通量观测站 traffic volume prognosis 交通量预测 traffic volume survey 交通量调查 transition curve 缓和曲线 transition slab bridge head 桥头搭板 transition zone of cross section 断面渐变段 transition zone of curve widening 加宽缓和段 transitional gradient 缓和坡段 transverse beam 横梁 transverse joint 横缝 traverse 导线 traverse survey 导线测量 trencher 挖沟机 triaxial test 三轴试验 trip 出行 true joint 真缝 trumpet interchange 喇叭形立体交叉 trunk highway 干线公路 truss bridge 桁架桥 tunnel （道路）隧道 tunnel boring machine 隧道掘进机 tunnel lining 衬砌 tunnel portal 洞门 tunnel support 隧道支撑 turnaround loop 回车道，回车场年第 30 位最大小时交通量 turning point 转点 two-way curved arch bridge 双曲拱桥 two-way ramp 双向匝道type of dry and damp soil base 土 基 干湿类型 U-shaped abutment U 形桥台 under-ground pipes comprehensive design 管线综合设计 underground water 地下水underground water level 地下水位 underpass grade separalion 下穿铁路立体交叉 universal photo 全能法测图 urban road 城市道路valley line variable load vehicle stream vehicular gap verge verticalalignment vertical curb vertical curve vertical profile map viameter vibratory rollerviscosimeter viscosity (of bitumen) void ratio washout waste waste bank water cement ratio water contenl water level water reducing agent water stability water-bound macadam wearing course wearing wearing point wearing section wheel tracking test width of subgrade workability Y intersection沿溪线 可变载荷 车流车（辆）间净距 路肩 纵面线形 立缘石 （侧石 ） 竖曲线 路线纵断面图 路面平整度测定仪 振动压路机 （沥青 ）粘度仪 （沥青）粘（滞）度 孔隙比 水毁弃土 弃土堆 水灰比 含水量 水位 减水剂 水稳性 水结碎石路面 磨耗层 交织 交织点 交织路段 车撤试验 路基宽度 和易性 Y 形交叉。
公路工程专用词汇培训讲学
道路工程英文翻译术语abrasiveness磨耗度absolute datum绝对基面abutment桥台abutment pier制动墩acceleration lane加速车道accidental load偶然荷载accommodation lane专用车道acoustic barrier隔音墙acting circles of blasting爆破作用圈additional stake加桩adjacent curve in one direction同向曲线admixture外加剂admixture反坡安全线aerial photogrammetry航空摄影测量aerophoto base航摄基线aerophoto interpretation航摄像片判读ageing老化aggregate 集料 (骨料 )air hardining气硬性alignment design (城市道路)平面设计，线形设计alignment element线形要素alligator cracking路面龟裂allowable rebound deflection容许(回弹)弯沉alternative line比较线anchored bulkhead abutment锚锭板式桥台anchored bulkhead abutment锚锭板式挡土墙anchored retaining wall锚杆式挡土墙anionic emulsified bitumen阴离子乳化沥青annual ***erage daily traffic年平均日交通量anti-creep heap (厂矿道路)挡车堆anti-dizzling screen防炫屏(遮光栅) antiskid heap (厂矿道路)防滑堆approach span引桥aquitard隔水层arch bridge拱桥arch culvert拱涵arch ring拱圈arterial highway干线公路arterial road (厂内)主干道，(城市)主干路asphalt distributor沥青洒布车asphalt mixing plant沥青混合料拌和设备asphalt remixer沥青混合料摊铺机asphalt remixer复拌沥青混合料摊铺机asphalt sand沥青砂asphalt sprayer沥青洒布机asphaltic bitumen地沥青at-grade intersection平面交叉auxiliary lane附加车道***erage consistency (of soil)土的)平均稠度***erage gradient平均纵坡aximuth angle方位角balance weight retaining wall衡重式挡土墙base course基层base line基线basic traffic capacity基本通行能力beam bridge梁桥beam level deflectometer杠杆弯沉仪bearing支座bearing angle象限角bearing pile支承桩bearing platform承台bed course垫层bench mark水准点benched subgrade台口式路基bending strength抗弯强度Benkelman beam杠杆弯沉仪(贝克曼弯沉仪) bent cap盖梁berm护坡道binder结合料binder course联结层bitumen沥青bitumen ( 沥青混合料 )抽提仪bitumen-aggregate ratio油石比bituminous concrete p***ement沥青混凝土混合料bituminous concrete mixture沥青混凝土路面bituminous concrete moxture沥青碎石混合料bituminous macadam p***ement沥青碎石路面bituminous moxture沥青混合料bituminous p***ement沥青路面bituminous penetration p***ement沥青贯入式路面biuminous surface treatment (沥青)表面处治blasting crater爆破漏斗blastion for loosening rock松动爆破blasting for throwing rock抛掷爆破blasting procedure土石方爆破bleeding泛油blind ditch盲沟blind drain盲沟block pavement块料路面block stone块石blow up拱胀boring钻探boring log (道路)地质柱状图boring machine钻孔机borrow earth借土borrow pit取土坑boundary frame on crossing道口限界架boundary frame on road道路限界架boundary line of road construction道路建筑限界bowstring arch bridge系杆拱桥box culvert箱涵branch pipe of inlet雨水口支管branch road (城市)支路，(厂内)支道bridge桥梁bridge decking桥面系bridge deck p***ement桥面铺装bridge floor expantion and contraction installation traction installation桥面伸缩装置bridge gerder erection equpment架桥机bridge on slope坡桥bridge site桥位bridle road驮道broken chainage断链broken stone碎石broken back curve断背曲线buried abutment埋置式桥台bus bay公交(车辆)停靠站bypass绕行公路cable bent tower索塔cable saddle索鞍cable stayed bridge斜拉桥(斜张桥)Cableway erecting equipment缆索吊装设备California bearing ratio (CBR)加州承载比(CBR) California bearing ratio tester加州承载比(CBR)测定仪camber cruve路拱曲线cantilever beam bridge悬臂梁桥cantilever beam bridge悬臂式挡土墙capacity of intersection交叉口通行能力capacity of network路网通行能力capillary water毛细水carriage way车行道(行车道)cast-in-place cantilever method悬臂浇筑法cationic emulsified bitumen阳离子乳化沥青cattle-pass畜力车道cement concrete水泥混凝土cemint concrete p***ement水泥混凝土混合料cement concrete p***ement水泥混凝土路面center-island中心岛center lane中间车道center line of raod道路中线center line survey中线测量center stake中桩central reserve分隔带channelization渠化交通shannelization island导流岛channelized intrersection分道转弯式交叉口chip石屑chute急流槽circular curve圆曲线circular curve环路circular test环道试验city road城市道路civil engineering fabric土工织物classified highway等级公路classified highway等级道路clay-bound macadam泥结碎石路面clearance净空clearance above bridge floor桥面净空clearce of span桥下净空climatic zoning for highway公路自然区划climbing lane爬坡车道cloverleaf interchange苜蓿叶形立体交叉coal tar煤沥青cobble stone卵石coefficient of scouring冲刷系数cohesive soil粘性土cold laid method冷铺法cold mixing method冷拌法cold-stretched steel bar冷拉钢筋column pier柱式墩combination-type road system混合式道路系统compaction压实compaction test击实试验compaction test apparatus击实仪compactmess test压实度试验composite beam bridge联合梁桥composite pipe line综合管道(综合管廊) compound curve复曲线conc***e vertical curve凹形竖曲线concrete joint cleaner (水泥混凝土)路面清缝机concrete joint sealer (水泥混凝土)路面填缝机concrete mixing plant水泥混凝土(混合料)拌和设备concrete p***er水泥混凝土(混合料)摊铺机concrete pump水泥混凝土(混合料)泵concrete saw (水泥混凝土)路面锯缝机附录英汉术语对照索引cone penetrantion test触探试验onflict point冲突点conical slope锥坡consistency limit (of soil) (土的)稠度界限consolidated subsoil加固地基consolidation固结construction by swing转体架桥法construction height of bridge桥梁建筑高度construction joint施工缝construction load施工荷载construction survey施工测量continuous beam bridge连续梁桥contourline等高线contraction joint缩缝control point路线控制点converging合流convex vertining wall凸形竖曲线corduroy road木排道counterfout retaining wall扶壁式挡土墙counterfort abutmen扶壁式桥台country road乡村道路county road县公路(县道)，乡道creep徐变critical speed临界速度cross roads十字形交叉cross slope横坡cross walk人行横道cross-sectional profile横断面图cross-sectional survey横断面测量crown路拱crushed stone碎石crushing strength压碎值culture地物culvert涵洞curb路缘石curb side strip路侧带curve length曲线长curve widening平曲线加宽curved bridge弯桥cut挖方cut corner for sight line (路口)截角cut-fill transition土方调配cut-fill transition土方调配图cutting路堑cycle path自行车道cycle track自行车道deceleration lane减速车道deck bridge上承式桥deflection angle偏角deflection test弯沉试验degree of compaction压实度delay延误density of road network道路（网）密度edpth of tunnel隧道埋深edsign elevation of subgrade路基设计高程design frequency (排水)设计重现期edsign hourly volume设计小时交通量design of evevation (城市道路)竖向设计design of vertical alignment纵断面设计design speed计算行车速度(设计车速)design traffic capacity设计通行能力design vehicle设计车辆design water level设计水位desiged dldvation设计高程designed flood frequency设计洪水频率deslicking treatment防滑处理Deval abrasion testion machine狄法尔磨耗试验机（双筒式磨耗试验机）diamond interchange菱形立体交叉differential photo微分法测图direction angle方向角directional interchange定向式立体交叉diverging分流dowel bar传力杆drain opening泄水口drainage by pumping station (立体交叉)泵站排水drainage ditch排水沟dressed stone料石drop water跌水dry concrtet干硬性混凝土ductility (of bitumen) (沥青)延度ductilometer (沥青)延度仪dummy joint假缝dynamic consolidation强夯法economic speed经济车速econnomical hauling distance土方调配经济运距element support构件支撑elevation 高程 (标高 )embankment路堤emergency parking strip紧急停车带emulsified bitumen乳化沥青erecting by floating浮运架桥法erection by longitudinal pulling method纵向拖拉法erection by protrusion悬臂拼装法erection with cableway缆索吊装法evaporation pond蒸发池expansion bearing活动支座expansive soil膨胀土expantion joint胀缝expressway (城市)快速路external destance外(矢)距fabricated bridge装配式桥fabricated steel bridge装拆式钢桥factories and mines road厂矿道路factory external transportation line对外道路factory-in road厂内道路factory-out road厂外道路fast lane内侧车道faulting of slab ends错台feeder highway支线公路ferry渡口fibrous concrete纤维混凝土field of viaion视野fill填方filled spandrel arch bridge实腹拱桥final survey竣工测量fineness细度fineness modulus细度模数fixed bearing固定支座flare wing wall abutment八字形桥台flared intersection拓宽路口式交叉口flash闪点flash point tester (open cup method)闪点仪(开口杯式) flexible p***ement柔性路面flexible pier柔性墩floor system桥面系flush curb平缘石foot way人行道ford过水路面forest highway林区公路forest road林区道路foundation基础free style road system自由式道路系统free way高速公路free-flow speed自由车速freeze road冻板道路freezing and thawing test冻融试验frost boiling翻浆frozen soil冻土full depth asphalt p***ement全厚式沥青(混凝土)路面function planting功能栽植general scour under bridge opening桥下一般冲刷geological section (道路)地质剖面图geotextile土工织物gradation级配gradation of stone (路用)石料等级grade change point变坡点grade compensation纵坡折减grade crossing平面交叉grade length limitation坡长限制grade of side slope边坡坡度grade separation简单立体交叉grade-separated junction立体交叉graded aggregate p***ement级配路面brader平地机grain composition颗粒组成granular material粒料gr***el砾石gr***ity pier (abutment)重力式墩、台gr***ity retaining wall重力式挡土墙green belt绿化带gridiron road system棋盘式道路系统ground control-point survey地面控制点测量ground elevation地面高程ground stereophotogrammetry地面立体摄影测量guard post标柱guard rail护栏guard wall护墙gully雨水口gutter 街沟 (偏沟 )gutter apron平石gutter drainage渠道排水half-through bridge中承式桥hard shoulder硬路肩hardening硬化hardness硬度haul road运材道路he***y maintenance大修hectometer stake百米桩hedge绿篱height of cut and fill at ceneter stake中桩填挖高度high strength bolt高强螺栓high type p***ement高级路面highway公路highway landscape design公路景观设计hill-side line山坡线(山腰线)hilly terrain重丘区horizontal alignment平面线形horizontal curve平曲线hot laid method热铺法hot mixing method热拌法hot stability (of bitumen) (沥青)热稳性hydraulic computation水力计算hydraulic computation水硬性imaginary intersection point虚交点immersed tunnelling method沉埋法inbound traffic入境交通incremental launching method顶推法industrial district road工业区道路industrial solid waste (路用)工业废渣industrial waste base course工业废渣基层inlet雨水口inlet submerged culvert半压力式涵洞inlet unsubmerged culvert无压力式涵洞inorganic binder无机结合料instrument station测站intensity of rainstorm暴雨强度intercepting detch截水沟interchange互通式立体交叉interchange woth special bicycle track分隔式立体交叉intermediate maintenance中修intermediate type p***ement中级路面intersection (平面)交叉口intersection angle交叉角，转角intersection entrance交叉口进口intersection exit交叉口出口intersection plan交叉口平面图intersection point交点intersection with widened corners加宽转角式交叉口jack-in method顶入法kilometer stone里程碑land slide坍方lane车道lane-width车道宽度lateral clear distance of curve (平曲线)横净距lay-by紧急停车带level of service道路服务水平leveling course整平层leveling survey水准测量light-weight concrete轻质混凝土lighting facilities of road道路照明设施lime pile石灰桩line development展线linking-up road联络线，连接道路liquid asphaltic bitumen液体沥青liquid limit液限living fence绿篱load荷载loading berm反压护道lading combinations荷载组合loading plate承载板lading platetest承载板试验local scour near pier桥墩局部冲刷local traffic境内交通location of line定线location survey定测lock bolt support woth shotcrete喷锚支护loess黄土longitudinal beam纵梁longitudinal gradient纵坡longitudinal joint纵缝loop ramp环形匝道Los Angeles abrasion testion machine洛杉矶磨耗试验机machine ( 搁板式磨耗试验机 )low rype p***ement低级路面main beam主梁main bridge主桥maintenance养护maintenance period大中修周期manhole检查井marginal strip路缘带marshall stability apparatus马歇尔稳定度仪Marshall stability test马歇尔试验masonry bridge圬工桥maximum annual hourly volume年最大小时交通量maximum dry unit weight (标准)最大干密度maximum longitudinal gradient最大纵坡mine tunnelling method矿山法mineral aggregate矿料mineral powder矿粉mini-roundabout微形环交minimum height of fill (路基)最小填土高度minimum longitudinal gradient最小纵坡minimum radius of horizontal curve最小平曲线半径minimum turning radius汽车最小转弯半径mixed traffic混合交通mixing method拌和法mixture混合料model split交通方式划分modulus of elasticity弹性模量modulus of resilience回弹模量modulus ratio模量比monthly ***erage daily traffic月平均日交通量motor way高速公路mountainous terrain山岭区movable bridge开启桥mud淤泥multiple-leg intersection多岔交叉mational trunk highway国家干线公路(国道) matural asphalt天然沥青natural scour自然演变冲刷natural subsoil天然地基n***igable water level通航水位nearside lane外侧车道net-shaped cracking路面网裂New Austrian Tunnelling Method新奥法observation point测点one-way ramp单向匝道open cut method明挖法open cut tunnel明洞open spandrel arch bridge空腹拱桥opencast mine road露天矿山道路operating speed运行速度iptimum gradation最佳级配iptimum moisture conter最佳含水量optimum speed临界速度organic binder有机结合料origin-destination study起迄点调查outbound traffic出境交通outlet submerged culvert压力式涵洞outlet inlet main road城市出入干道overall speed区间速度overlay of p***ement罩面overpass grade separation上跨铁路立体交叉overtaking lane超车车道overtaking sight distance超车视距paper location纸上定线paraffin content test含蜡量试验parent soil原状土parking lane停车车道parking lot停车场parking station公交(车辆)停靠站part out-part fill subgrade半填半挖式路基pass垭口passing bay错车道patrol maintenance巡回养护p***ed crosing道口铺面p***ement路面p***ement pression路面沉陷p***ement recapping路面翻修p***ement slab pumping路面板唧泥p***ement spalling路面碎裂p***emengthening路面补强p***ement structure layer路面结构层附录英汉术语对照索引p***emill 路面铣削机 (刨路机 )peak hourly volume高峰小时交通量pedestrian overcrossing人行天桥pedestrian underpass人行地道penetration macadam with coated chips上拌下贯式(沥青) chips路面penetration method贯入法penetration test apparatus长杆贯入仪penetration (of bitumen) (沥青)针入度penetrometer (沥青)针入度仪periodical maintenance定期养护permaf rost多年冻土permanent load永久荷载perviousness test透水度试验petroleum asphaltic bitumen石油沥青photo index像片索引图(镶辑复照图)photo mosaic像片镶嵌图photogrammetry摄影测量photographic map影像地图pier桥墩pile and pland retaining wall柱板式挡土墙pile bent pier排架桩墩pile driver打桩机pipe culvert管涵pipe drainage管道排水pit test坑探pitching method铺砌法plain stage of slope边坡平台plain terrain平原区plan view ( 路线 )平面图plane design (城市道路)平面设计plane sketch (道路)平面示意图planimetric photo综合法测图plant mixing method厂拌法plasticity index塑限plasticity index塑性指数poisson's ratio泊松比polished stone value石料磨光值pontoon bridge浮桥porosity空隙率porotable pendulum tester摆式仪possible traffic capacity可能通行能力post-tensioning method后张法pot holes路面坑槽preliminary survey初测preloading method预压法prestressed concrete预应力混凝土prestressed concrete bridge预应力混凝土桥prestresed steel bar drawing jack张拉预应力钢筋千斤顶pretensioning method先张法prime coat透层productive arterial road生产干线productive branch road生产支线profile design纵断面设计profilometer路面平整度测定仪proportioning of cement concrete水泥混凝土配合比protection forest fire-proof road护林防火道路provincial trunk highway省干线公路(省道) railroad grade crossing (铁路)道口ramp匝道rebound deflection回弹弯沉reclaimed asphalt mixture再生沥青混合料reclaimed bituminous p***ement再生沥青路面reconnaissance踏勘red clay红粘土reference stake护桩referencion crack反射裂缝refuge island安全岛regulating structure调治构造物reinforced concrete钢筋混凝土reinforced concrete bridge钢筋混凝土桥reinforced concrete p***ement钢筋混凝土路面reinforced earth retaining wall加筋土挡土墙relative moisture content (of soil) (土的)相对含水量relief road辅道residential street居住区道路resultant gradient合成坡度retaining wall挡土墙revelling of p***ement路面松散reverse curve反向曲线reverse loop回头曲线ridge crossing line越岭线ridge line山脊线right bridge正交桥right bridge正桥rigid frame bridge刚构桥rigid p***ement刚性路面rigid-type base刚性基层ring and radial road system环形辐射式道路系统ripper松土机riprap抛石road道路road alignment道路线形road appearance路容road eara per sitizen (城市)人均道路面积road area ratio (城市)道路面积率road axis道路轴线road bed路床road bitumen路用沥青road condition路况road condition survey路况调查road crossing (平面)交叉口road crossing design交叉口设计road engineering道路工程road feasibility study (道路工程)可行性研究road improvement改善工程road intersection道路交叉(路线交叉) road mixing method路拌法road netword道路网road network planning道路网规划road planting道路绿化road project (道路工程)方案图road trough路槽road way路幅rock breaker凿岩机rock filled gabion石笼roller压路机rolled cementoncerete碾压式水泥混凝土rolling terrain微丘区rotary interchage环形立体交叉rotary intersection环形交叉roundabout环形交叉route development展线rout of road道路路线route selection选线routine maintenance小修保养rubble片石running speed行驶速度rural road郊区道路saddle back垭口safety belt安全带safety fence防护栅salty soil盐渍土sand砂sanddrain (sand pile)砂井sand gr***el砂砾sand hazard沙害sand mat of subgrade排水砂垫层sand patch test铺砂试验sand pile砂桩sand protection facilities防沙设施sand ratio砂率sand sweeping回砂sand sweeping equipment回砂机sandy soil砂性土saturated soil饱和土scraper铲运机seal coat封层secondary trunk road (厂内)次干道，(城市)次干路seepage well渗水井segregation离析semi-rigid type base半刚性基层separate facilties分隔设施separator分隔带sheep-foot roll羊足压路机(羊足碾) shelter belt护路林shield盾构(盾构挖掘机)shield tunnelling method盾构法shoulder路肩shrinkage limit缩限side ditch边沟side slope边坡side walk人行道sieve analysis筛分sight distance视距sight distance of intersection路口视距sight line视线sight triangle视距三角形silty soil粉性土simple supported beam bridge简支梁桥singl direction thrusted pier单向推力墩single-sizeaggregat同粒径集料siphon culvert倒虹涵skew bridge斜交桥skew bridge斜桥skid road集材道路slab bridge板桥slab culvert盖板涵slab staggerting错位slide滑坡slope protection护坡slump坍落度snow hazard雪害snow plough除雪机snow protection facilities防雪设施soft ground软弱地基soft soil软土softening point tester (ring ball) (沥青)软化点议仪method ( 环—球法 )softening point (of bitumen)沥青）软化点solubility (of bitumen) (沥青)溶解度space headway车头间距space mean speed空间平均速度span跨径span by span method移动支架逐跨施工法spandrel arch腹拱spandrel structure拱上结构special vehicle特种车辆speed-change lane变速车道splitting test劈裂试验spot speed点速度spreading in layers层铺法springing弹簧现象stabilizer稳定土拌和机stabilized soil base course稳定土基层stage for heating soil and broken rock碎落台stagered junction错位交叉stand axial loading标准轴截steel bridge钢筋冷墩机steel bridge钢桥steel exention machie钢筋拉伸机stiffness modulus劲度stone coating test石料裹覆试验stone crusher碎石机stone spreader碎石撒布机stopping sight distance停车视距stopping truck heap (厂矿道路)阻车堤street街道street draianage街道排水street planting街道绿化street trees行道树strengthening layer补强层strengthening of structure加固stringer纵梁striping test for aggregate集料剥落试验structural approach limit of tunnel隧道建筑限界sub-high type p***ement次高级路面subgrade路基subgrade drainage路基排水。
道路工程术语标准中英文对照
道路工程术语标准第2.1.1条道路road供各种车辆和行人等通行的工程设施。
按其使用特点分为公路、城市道路、厂矿道路、林区道路及乡村道路等。
第2.1.2条公路highway联结城市、乡村，主要供汽车行驶的具备一定技术条件和设施的道路。
第2.1.3条城市道路city road；urban road在城市范围内，供车辆及行人通行的具备一定技术条件和设施的道路。
第2.1.4条厂矿道路factories and mines road主要供工厂、矿山运输车辆通行的道路。
第2.1.5条林区道路forest road建在林区，主要供各种林业运输工具通行的道路。
第2.1.6条乡村道路country road建在乡村、农场，主要供行人及各种农业运输工具通行的道路。
第2.1.7条道路工程road engineering以道路为对象而进行的规划、勘测、设计、施工等技术活动的全过程及其所从事的工程实体。
第2.1.8条道路网road network在一定区域内，由各种道路组成的相互联络、交织成网状分布的道路系统。
全部由各级公路组成的称公路网。
在城市范围内由各种道路组成的称城市道路网。
第2.1.9条道路(网)密度density of road network在一定区域内，道路网的总里程与该区域面积的比值。
第2.1.10条道路技术标准technical standard of road根据道路的性质、交通量及其所处地点的自然条件，确定道路应达到的各项技术指标和规定。
第2.1.11条设计车辆design vehicle道路设计所采用的汽车车型，以其外廓尺寸、重量、运转特性等特征作为道路设计的依据。
第2.1.12条特种车辆special vehicle外廓尺寸、重量等方面超过设计车辆限界的及特殊用途的车辆。
第2.1.13条计算行车速度(设计车速) design speed道路几何设计(包括平曲线半径、纵坡、视距等)所采用的行车速度。
道路工程常用语英文
道路第一节一般规定第2.1.1条道路road供各种车辆和行人等通行的工程设施。
按其使用特点分为公路、城市道路、厂矿道路、林区道路及乡村道路等.第2。
1.2条公路highway联结城市、乡村，主要供汽车行驶的具备一定技术条件和设施的道路.第2。
1。
3条城市道路city road；urban road在城市范围内,供车辆及行人通行的具备一定技术条件和设施的道路.第2.1。
4条厂矿道路factories and mines road主要供工厂、矿山运输车辆通行的道路.第2.1。
5条林区道路forest road建在林区,主要供各种林业运输工具通行的道路。
第2.1.6条乡村道路country road建在乡村、农场，主要供行人及各种农业运输工具通行的道路.第2.1.7条道路工程road engineering以道路为对象而进行的规划、勘测、设计、施工等技术活动的全过程及其所从事的工程实体。
第2.1.8条道路网road metwork在一定区域内，由各种道路组成的相互联络、交织成网状分布的道路系统。
全部由各级公路组成的称公路网。
在城市范围内由各种道路组成的称城市道路网。
第2.1.9条道路(网）密度density of road network在一定区域内，道路网的总里程与该区域面积的比值。
第2。
1.10条道路技术标准technical standard of road根据道路的性质、交通量及其所处地点的自然条件，确定道路应达到的各项技术指标和规定。
第2.1。
11条设计车辆design vehicle道路设计所采用的汽车车型,以其外廓尺寸、重量、运转特性等特征作为道路设计的依据。
第2。
1.12条特种车辆special vehicle外廓尺寸、重量等方面超过设计车辆限界的及特殊用途的车辆.第2.1.13条计算行车速度（设计车速) design speed道路几何设计（包括平曲线半径、纵坡、视距等）所采用的行车速度。
公路工程英语
公路工程英语词汇第1页，共13页abrasiveness磨耗度absolute datum绝对基面abutment桥台abutment pier制动墩acceleration lane加速车道accidental load偶然荷载accommodation lane专用车道acoustic barrier隔音墙acting circles of blasting爆破作用圈additional stake加桩adjacent curve in one direction同向曲线admixture外加剂adverse grade for safety反坡安全线aerial photogrammetry航空摄影测量aerophoto base航摄基线aerophoto interpretation航摄像片判读ageing老化aggregate集料(骨料)air hardening气硬性alignment design(城市道路)平面设计，线形设计alignment element线形要素alligator cracking路面龟裂allowable rebound deflection容许(回弹)弯沉alternative line比较线anchored bulkhead abutment锚锭板式桥台anchored bulkhead retaining wall锚锭板式挡土墙anchored retaining wall by tie rods锚杆式挡土墙anionic emulsified bitumen阴离子乳化沥青annual average daily traffic年平均日交通量anti-creep heap(厂矿道路)挡车堆anti-dizzling screen防炫屏(遮光栅)antiskid heap(厂矿道路)防滑堆approach span引桥aquitard隔水层arch bridge拱桥arch culvert拱涵arch ring拱圈arterial highway干线公路arterial road(厂内)主干道，(城市)主干路asphalt distributor沥青洒布车asphalt mixing plant沥青混合料拌和设备asphalt paver沥青混合料摊铺机asphalt remixer复拌沥青混合料摊铺机asphalt sand沥青砂asphalt sprayer沥青洒布机asphaltic bitumen地沥青at-grade intersection平面交叉auxiliary lane附加车道average consistency(of soil)(土的)平均稠度average gradient平均纵坡azimuth angle方位角balance weight retaining wall衡重式挡土墙base course基层base line基线basic traffic capacity基本通行能力beam bridge梁桥beam level deflectometer杠杆弯沉仪bearing支座bearing angle象限角bearing pile支承桩bearing platform承台bed course垫层bench mark水准点benched subgrade台口式路基bending strength抗弯强度Benkelman beam杠杆弯沉仪(贝克曼弯沉仪)bent cap盖梁berm护坡道binder结合料binder course联结层公路工程英语词汇第2页，共13页bitumell沥青bitumen extractor(沥青混合料)抽提仪bitumen-aggregate ratio油石比bituminous concrete mixture沥青混凝土混合料bituminous concrete pavement沥青混凝土路面bituminous macadam mixture沥青碎石混合料bituminous macadam pavement沥青碎石路面bituminous mixture沥青混合料bituminous pavement沥青路面bituminous penetration pavement沥青贯入式路面bituminous surface treatment(沥青)表面处治blasting crater爆破漏斗blasting for loosening rock松动爆破blasting for throwing rock抛掷爆破blasting procedure土石方爆破bleeding泛油blind ditch盲沟blind drain盲沟block pavement块为路面block stone块石blow up拱胀boring钻探boring log(道路)地质柱状图boring machine钻孔机borrow earth借土borrow pit取土坑boundary frame on crossing道口限界架boundary frame on road道路限界架boundary line of road construction道路建筑限界bowstring arch bridge系杆拱桥box culvert箱涵branch pipe of inlet雨水口支管branch road(城市)支路，(厂内)支道bridge桥梁bridge decking桥面系bridge deck pavement桥面铺装bridge floor expantion and contraction installation 桥面伸缩装置bridge girder erection equipment架桥机bridge on slope坡桥bridge site桥位bridge road驮道broken chainage断链broken stone碎石broken back curve断背曲线buried abutment埋置式桥台bus bay公交(车辆)停靠站bypass公交绕行公路cable bent tower索塔cable saddle索鞍cable stayed bridge斜拉桥(斜张桥)cableway erecting equipment缆索吊装设备california bearing ratio(CBR)加州承载比(CBR) california bearing ratio tester加州承载比(CBR)测定仪camber curve路拱曲线cantilever beam bridge悬臂梁桥cantilever retaining wall悬臂式挡土墙capacity of intersection交叉口通行能力capacity of network路网通行能力capillary water毛细水carriage way车行道(行车道)cast-in-place cantilever method悬臂浇筑法cationic emulsified bitumen阳离子乳化沥青cattle-pass畜力车道cement concrete水泥混凝土cement concrete mixture水泥混凝土混合料cement concrete pavement水泥混凝土路面center-island中心岛center lane中间车道公路工程英语词汇第3页，共13页center line of road道路中线center line survey中线测量center stake中桩central reserve分隔带channelization渠化交通channelization island导流岛channelized intersection分道转弯式交叉口chip石屑chute急流槽circular curve圆曲线circular road环路circular test环道试验city road城市道路civil engineering fabric土工织物classified highway等级公路classified road等级道路clay-bound macadam泥结碎石路面clearance净空clearance above bridge floor桥面净空clearance of span桥下净空climatic zoning for highway公路自然区划climbing lane爬坡车道cloverleaf interchange苜蓿叶形立体交叉coal tar煤沥青cobble stone卵石coefficient of scouring冲刷系数cohesive soil粘性土cold laid method冷铺法cold mixing method冷拌法cold-stretched steel bar冷拉钢筋column pier柱式墩combination-type road system混合式道路系统compaction压实compaction test击实试验compaction test apparatus击实仪compactness test压实度试验composite beam bridge联合梁桥composite pipe line综合管道(综合管廊) compound curve复曲线concave vertical curve凹形竖曲线concrete joint cleaner(水泥混凝土)路面清缝机concrete joint sealer(水泥混凝土)路面填缝机concrete mixing plant水泥混凝土(混合料)拌和设备concrete paver水泥混凝土(混合料)摊铺机concrete pump水泥混凝土(混合料)泵concrete saw(水泥混凝土)路面锯缝机cone penetration test触探试验conflict point冲突点conical slope锥坡consistency limit(of soil)(土的)稠度界限consolidated subsoil加固地基consolidation固结construction by swing转体架桥法construction height of bridge桥梁建筑高度construction joint施工缝construction load施工荷载construction survey施工测量continuous beam bridge连续梁桥contour line等高线contraction joint缩缝control point路线控制点converging合流convex vertical curve凸形竖曲线corduroy road木排道counterfort retaining wall扶壁式挡土墙counterfort abutment扶壁式桥台country road乡村道路county road县公路(县道)，乡道creep徐变critical speed临界速度公路工程英语词汇第4页，共13页cross roads十字形交叉cross slope横坡cross walk人行横道cross-sectional profile横断面图cross-sectional survey横断面测量crown路拱crushed stone碎石crushing strength压碎值culture地物culvert涵洞curb路缘石curb side strip路侧带curve length曲线长curve widening平曲线加宽curved bridge弯桥cut挖方cut corner for sight line(路口)截角cut-fill transition土方调配cut-fill transition program土方调配图cutting路堑cycle path自行车道cycle track自行车道deceleration lane减速车道deck bridge上承式桥deflection angle偏角deflection test弯沉试验degree of compaction压实度delay延误density of road network道路(网)密度depth of tunnel隧道埋深design elevation of subgrade路基设计高程design frequency(排水)设计重现期design hourly volume设计小时交通量design of elevation(城市道路)竖向设计design of vertical alignment纵断面设计design speed计算行车速度(设计车速) design traffic capacity设计通行能力design vehicle设计车辆design water level设计水位designed elevation设计高程designed flood frequency设计洪水频率dislicking treatment防滑处理Deval abrasion testing machine狄法尔磨耗试验机(双筒式磨耗试验机)diamond interchange菱形立体交叉differential photo微分法测图direction angle方向角directional interchange方向式立体交叉diverging分流dowel bar传力杆drain opening泄水口drainage by pumping station(立体交叉)泵站排水drainage ditch排水沟dressed stone料石drop water跌水dry concrete干硬性混凝土ductility(of bitumen)(沥青)延度ductilometer(沥青)延度仪dummy joint假缝dynamic consolidation强夯法economic speed经济车速economical hauling distance土方调配经济运距element support构件支撑elevation高程(标高)embankment路堤emergency parking strip紧急停车带emulsified bitumen乳化沥青erecting by floating浮运架桥法erection by longitudinal pulling method纵向拖拉法erection by protrusion悬臂拼装法公路工程英语词汇第5页，共13页erection with cableway缆索吊装法evaporation pond蒸发池expansion bearing活动支座expansive soil膨胀土expantion joint胀缝expressway(城市)快速路external distance外(矢)距fabricated bridge装配式桥fabricated steel bridge装拆式钢桥factories and mines road厂矿道路factory external transportation line对外道路factory-in road厂内道路factory-out road厂外道路fast lane内侧车道faulting of slab ends错台feeder highway支线公路ferry渡口fibrous concrete纤维混凝土field of vision视野fill填__________方filled spandrel arch bridge实腹拱桥final survey竣工测量fineness细度fineness modulus细度模数fixed bearing固定支座flare wing wall abutment八字形桥台flared intersection拓宽路口式交叉口flash point闪点flash point tester(open cup method)闪点仪(开口杯式) flexible pavement柔性路面flexibie pier柔性墩floor system桥面系flush curb平缘石foot way人道道ford过水路面forest highway林区公路forest road林区道路foundation基础free style road system自由式道路系统free way高速公路free-flow speed自由车速freeze road冻板道路freezing and thawing test冻融试验frost boiling翻浆frozen soil冻土full depth asphalt pavement全厚式沥青(混凝土)路面function planting功能栽植general scour under bridge opening桥下一般冲刷geological section(道路)地质剖面图geotextile土工织物gradation级配gradation of stone(路用)石料等级grade change point变坡点grade compensation纵坡折减grade crossing平面交叉grade length limitation坡长限制grade of side slope边坡坡度grade separation简单立体交叉grade-separated junction立体交叉graded aggregate pavement级配路面grader平地机grain composition颗粒组成granular material粒料gravel砾石gravity pier(abutment)重力式墩、台gravity retaining wall重力式挡土墙green belt绿化带gridiron road system棋盘式道路系统ground control-point survey地面控制点测量公路工程英语词汇第6页，共13页ground elevation地面高程ground stereophotogrammetry地面立体摄影测量guard post标柱guard rail护栏guard wall护墙gully雨水口gutter街沟(偏沟)gutter apron平石gutter drainage渠道排水half-through bridge中承式桥hard shoulder硬路肩hardening硬化hardness硬度haul road运材道路heavy maintenance大修hectometer stake百米桩hedge绿篱height of cut and fill at center stake中桩填挖高度high strength bolt高强螺栓high type pavement高级路面highway公路highway landscape design公路景观设计hill-side line山坡线(山腰线)hilly terrain重丘区horizontal alignment平面线形horizontal curve平曲线hot laid method热铺法hot mixing method热拌法hot stability(of bitumen)(沥青)热稳性hydraulic computation水力计算hydraulicity水硬性imaginary intersection point虚交点immersed tunnelling method沉埋法inbound traffic入境交通incremental launching method顶推法industrial district road工业区道路industrial solid waste(路用)工业废渣industrial waste base course工业废渣基层inlet雨水口inlet submerged culvert半压力式涵洞inlet unsubmerged culvert无压力式涵洞inorganic binder无机结合料instrument station测站intensity of rainstorm暴雨强度intercepting ditch截水沟interchange互通式立体交叉interchange with special bicycle track分隔式立体交叉intermediate maintenance中修intermediate type pavement中级路面intersection(平面)交叉口intersection angle交叉角，转角intersection entrance交叉口进口intersection exit交叉口出口intersection plan交叉口平面图intersection point交点intersection with widened corners加宽转角式交叉口jack-in method顶入法kilometer stone里程碑land slide坍方lane车道lane-width车道宽度lateral clear distance of curve(平曲线)横净距lay-by紧急停车带level of service道路服务水平leveling course整平层leveling survey水准测量light-weight concrete轻质混凝土lighting facilities of road道路照明设施公路工程英语词汇第7页，共13页lime pile石灰桩line development展线linking-up road联络线、连接道路liquid asphaltic bitumen液体沥青liquid limit液限living fence绿篱load荷载loading berm反压护道loading combinations荷载组合loading plate承载板loading plate test承载板试验local scour near pier桥墩局部冲刷local traffic境内交通location of line定线location survey定测lock bolt support with shotcrete喷锚支护loess黄土longitudinal beam纵梁longitudinal gradient纵坡longitudinal joint纵缝loop ramp环形匝道Los Angeles abrasion testing machine洛杉面磨耗试验机(搁板式磨耗试验机)low type pavement低级路面main beam主梁main bridge主桥maintenance养护maintenance period大中修周期manhole检查井marginal strip路缘带Marshall stability apparatus马歇尔稳定度仪Marshall stability test马歇尔试验masonry bridge圬工桥maximum annual hourly volume年最大小时交通量maximum dry unit weight(标准)最大干密度maximum longitudinal gradient最大纵坡mine tunnelling method矿山法mineral aggregate矿料mineral powder矿粉mini-roundabout微形环交minimum height of fill(路基)最小填土高度minimum longitudinal gradient最小纵坡minimum radius of horizontal curve最小平曲线半径minimum turning radius汽车最小转弯半径mixed traffic混合交通mixing method拌和法mixture混合料model split交通方式划分modulus of elasticity弹性模量modulus of resilience回弹模量modulus ratio模量比monthly average daily traffic月平均日交通量motor way高速公路mountainous terrain山岭区movable bridge开启桥mud淤泥multiple-leg intersection多岔交叉national trunk highway国家干线公路(国道)natural asphalt天然沥青natural scour自然演变冲刷natural subsoil天然地基navigable water level通航水位nearside lane外侧车道net-shaped cracking路面网裂New Austrian Tunnelling Method新奥法observation point测点one-way ramp单向匝道open cut method明挖法open cut tunnel明洞open spandrel arch bridge空腹拱桥公路工程英语词汇第8页，共13页opencast mine road露天矿山道路operating speed运行速度optimum gradation最佳级配optimum moisture content最佳含水量optimum speed临界速度organic binder有机结合料origin-destination study起迄点调查outbound traffic出境交通outled submerged culvert压力式涵洞outlet inlet main road城市出入干道overall speed区间速度overlay of pavement罩面overpass grade separation上跨铁路立体交叉overtaking lane超车车道overtaking sight distance超车视距paper location 纸上定线paraffin content test含蜡量试验parent soil原状土parking lane停车车道parking lot停车场parking station公交(车辆)停靠站part-cut part-fill subgrade半填半挖式路基pass垭口passing bay错车道patrol maintenance巡回养护paved crossing道口铺面pavement路面pavement depression路面沉陷pavement recapping路面翻修pavement slab pumping路面板唧泥pavement spalling路面碎裂pavement strengthening路面补强pavement structure layer路面结构层pavemill路面铣削机(刨路机)peak hourly volume高峰小时交通量pedestrian overcrossing人行天桥pedestrian underpass人行地道penetration macadam with coated chips上拌下贯式(沥青)路面penetration method贯入法penetration test apparatus长杆贯入仪penetration(of bitumen)(沥青)针入度penetrometer(沥青)针入度仪periodical maintenance定期养护permafrost多年冻土permanent load永久荷载perviousness test透水度试验petroleum asphaltic bitumen石油沥青photo index像片索引图(镶辑复照图)photo mosaic像片镶嵌图photogrammetry摄影测量photographic map影像地图pier桥墩pile and plank retaining wall柱板式挡土墙pile bent pier排架桩墩pile driver打桩机pipe culvert管涵pipe drainage管道排水pit test坑探pitching method铺砌法plain stage of slope边坡平台plain terrain平原区plan view(路线)平面图plane design(城市道路)平面设计plane sketch(道路)平面示意图planimetric photo综合法测图plant mixing method厂拌法plastic limit塑限plasticity index塑性指数poisson's ratio泊松比公路工程英语词汇第9页，共13页polished stone value石料磨光值pontoon bridge浮桥porosity空隙率portable pendulum tester摆式仪possible traffic capacity可能通行能力post-tensioning method后张法pot holes路面坑槽preliminary survey初测preloading method预压法prestressed concrete预应力混凝土prestressed concrete bridge预应力混凝土桥prestressed steel bar drawing jack张拉预应力钢筋千斤顶pretensioning method先张法prime coat透层productive arterial road生产干线productive branch road生产支线profile design纵断面设计profilometer路面平整度测定仪proportioning of cement concrete水泥混凝土配合比protection forest fire-proof road护林防火道路provincial trunk highway省干线公路(省道)railroad grade crossing(铁路)道口ramp匝道rebound deflection回弹弯沉reclaimed asphalt mixture再生沥青混合料reclaimed bituminous pavement再生沥青路面reconnaissance踏勘red clay红粘土reference stake护桩reflection crack反射裂缝refuge island安全岛regulating structure调治构造物reinforced concrete钢筋混凝土reinforced concrete bridge钢筋混凝土桥reinforced concrete pavement钢筋混凝土路面reinforced earth retaining wall加筋土挡土墙relative moisture content(of soil)(土的)相对含水量relief road辅道residential street居住区道路resultant gradient合成坡度retaining wall挡土墙revelling of pavement路面松散reverse curve反向曲线reverse loop回头曲线ridge crossing line越岭线ridge line山脊线right bridge正交桥right bridge正桥rigid frame bridge刚构桥rigid pavement刚性路面rigid-type base刚性基层ring and radial road system环形辐射式道路系统ripper松土机riprap抛石road道路road alignment道路线形road appearance路容road area per citizen(城市)人均道路面积road area ratio(城市)道路面积率road axis道路轴线road bed路床road bitumen路用沥青road condition路况road condition survey路况调查road crossing(平面)交叉口road crossing design交叉口设计road engineering道路工程road feasibility study(道路工程)可行性研究road improvement改善工程公路工程英语词汇第10页，共13页road intersection道路交叉(路线交叉) road mixing method路拌法road network道路网road network planning道路网规划road planting道路绿化road project(道路工程)方案图road trough路槽road way路幅rock breaker凿岩机rock filled gabion石笼roller压路机rolled cement concrete碾压式水泥混凝土rolling terrain微丘区rotary interchange环形立体交叉rotary intersection环形交叉roundabout环形交叉route development展线route of road道路路线route selection选线routine maintenance小修保养rubble片石running speed行驶速度rural road郊区道路saddle back垭口safety belt安全带safety fence防护栅salty soil盐渍土sand砂sand drain(sand pile)砂井sand gravel砂砾sand hazard沙害sand mat of subgrade排水砂垫层sand patch test铺砂试验sand pile砂桩sand protection facilities防沙设施sand ratio砂率sand sweeping回砂sand sweeping equipment回砂机sandy soil砂性土saturated soil饱和土scraper铲运机seal coat封层secondary trunk road(厂内)次干道，(城市)次干路seepage well渗水井segregation离析semi-rigid type base半刚性基层separate facilities分隔设施separator分隔带sheep-foot roll羊足压路机(羊足碾)shelter belt护路林shield盾构(盾构挖掘机)shield tunnelling method盾构法shoulder路肩shrinkage limit缩限side ditch边沟side slope边坡side walk人行道sieve analysis筛分sight distance视距sight distance of intersection路口视距sight line视线sight triangle视距三角形silty soil粉性土simple supported beam bridge简支梁桥single direction thirsted pier单向推力墩single-size aggregat同粒径集料siphon culvert倒虹涵skew bridge斜交桥skew bridge斜桥skid road集材道路公路工程英语词汇第11页，共13页slab bridge板桥slab culvert盖板涵slab staggering错位slide滑坡slope protection护坡slump坍落度snow hazard雪害snow plough除雪机snow protection facilities防雪设施soft ground软弱地基soft soil软土softening point tester(ring ball method)(沥青)软化点仪(环—球法)softening point(of bitumen)(沥青)软化点solubility (of bitumen)(沥青)溶解度space headway车头间距space mean speed空间平均速度span跨径span by span method移动支架逐跨施工法spandrel arch腹拱spandrel structure拱上结构special vehicle特种车辆speed-change lane变速车道splitting test劈裂试验spot speed点速度spreading in layers层铺法springing弹簧现象stabilizer稳定土拌和机stabilized soil base course稳定土基层stage for heaping soil and broken rock碎落台staggered junction错位交叉standard axial loading标准轴截steel bar heading press machine钢筋冷墩机steel bridge钢桥steel extention machine钢筋拉伸机stiffness modulus劲度stone coating test石料裹覆试验stone crusher碎石机stone spreader碎石撒布机stopping sight distance停车视距stopping truck heap(厂矿道路)阻车堤street街道street drainage街道排水street planting街道绿化street trees行道树strengthening layer补强层strengthening of structure加固stringer纵梁striping test for aggregate集料剥落试验structural approach limit of tunnel隧道建筑限界sub-high type pavement次高级路面subgrade路基subgrade drainage路基排水submersible bridge漫水桥subsidence沉陷subsoil地基substucture下部结构superelevation超高superelevation runoff超高缓和段superstructure上部结构supported type abutment支撑式桥台surface course面层surface evenness路面平整度surface frost heave路面冻胀surface permeameter路面透水度测定仪surface roughness路面粗糙度surface slipperinness路面滑溜surface water地表水surface-curvature apparatus路面曲率半径测定仪surrounding rock围岩公路工程英语词汇第12页，共13页suspension bridge悬索桥switch-back curve回头曲线T intersection丁字形交叉(T形交叉)T-shaped rigid frame bridge〓T形刚构桥tack coat粘层tangent length切线长tar焦油沥青technical standard of road道路技术标准Telford锥形块石Telford base(锥形)块石基层terrace台地thermal insulation berm保温护道thermal insulation course隔温层thirtieth highest annual hourly volume年第30位最大小时交通量through bridge下承式桥through traffic过境交通tie bar拉杆timber bridge木桥time headway车头时距time mean speed时间平均速度toe of slope(边)坡脚tongue and groove joint企口缝top of slope(边)坡顶topographic feature地貌topographic map地形图topographic survey地形测量topography地形township road乡公路(乡道)traffic assignment交通量分配traffic capacity通行能力traffic composition交通组成traffic density交通密度traffic distribution交通分布traffic flow交通流traffic generation交通发生traffic island交通岛traffic mirror道路反光镜traffic planning道路交通规划traffic safety device交通安全设施traffic square交通广场traffic stream车流traffic survey交通调查traffic volume交通量traffic volume observation station交通量观测站traffic volume prognosis交通量预测traffic volume survey交通量调查transition curve缓和曲线transition slab at bridge head桥头搭板transition zone of cross section断面渐变段transition zone of curve widening加宽缓和段transitional gradient缓和坡段transverse beam横梁transverse joint横缝traverse导线traverse survey导线测量trencher挖沟机triaxial test三轴试验trip出行true joint真缝trumpet interchange喇叭形立体交叉trunk highway干线公路truss bridge桁架桥tunnel(道路)隧道tunnel boring machine隧道掘进机tunnel lining衬砌tunnel portal洞门tunnel support隧道支撑turnaround loop回车道，回车场turning point转点公路工程英语词汇第13页，共13页two-way curved arch bridge双曲拱桥two-way ramp双向匝道type of dry and damp soil base土基干湿类型U-shaped abutment〓U形桥台under-ground pipes comprehensive design管线综合设计underground water地下水underground water level地下水位underpass grade separation下穿铁路立体交叉universal photo全能法测图urban road城市道路valley line沿溪线variable load可变荷载vehicle stream车流vehicular gap车(辆)间净距verge路肩vertical alignment纵面线形vertical curb立缘石(侧石)vertical curve竖曲线vertical profile map(路线)纵断面图viameter路面平整度测定仪vibratory roller振动压路机viscosimeter(沥青)粘度仪viscosity(of bitumen)(沥青)粘(滞)度void ratio孔隙比washout水毁waste弃土waste bank弃土堆water cement ratio水灰比water content含水量water level水位water reducing agent减水剂water stability水稳性water-bound macadam水结碎石路面wearing course磨耗层weaving交织weaving point交织点weaving section交织路段wheel tracking test车辙试验width of subgrade路基宽度workability和易性Y intersection〓Y形交叉___。
道路工程常用语英文
道路第一节一般规定第2.1.1 条道路road 供各种车辆和行人等通行的工程设施。
按其使用特点分为公路、城市道路、厂矿道路、林区道路及乡村道路等。
第2.1.2 条公路highway 联结城市、乡村，主要供汽车行驶的具备一定技术条件和设施的道路。
第2.1.3 条城市道路city road ；urban road 在城市范围内，供车辆及行人通行的具备一定技术条件和设施的道路。
第2.1.4 条厂矿道路factories and mines road 主要供工厂、矿山运输车辆通行的道路。
第2.1.5 条林区道路forest road 建在林区，主要供各种林业运输工具通行的道路。
第2.1.6 条乡村道路country road 建在乡村、农场，主要供行人及各种农业运输工具通行的道路。
第2.1.7 条道路工程road engineering 以道路为对象而进行的规划、勘测、设计、施工等技术活动的全过程及其所从事的工程实体。
第2.1.8 条道路网road metwork 在一定区域内，由各种道路组成的相互联络、交织成网状分布的道路系统。
全部由各级公路组成的称公路网。
在城市范围内由各种道路组成的称城市道路网。
第2.1.9 条道路（网）密度density of road network 在一定区域内，道路网的总里程与该区域面积的比值。
第2.1.10 条道路技术标准technical standard of road 根据道路的性质、交通量及其所处地点的自然条件，确定道路应达到的各项技术指标和规定。
第2.1.11 条设计车辆design vehicle 道路设计所采用的汽车车型，以其外廓尺寸、重量、运转特性等特征作为道路设计的依据。
第2.1.12 条特种车辆special vehicle 外廓尺寸、重量等方面超过设计车辆限界的及特殊用途的车辆。
第2.1.13 条计算行车速度（设计车速） design speed 道路几何设计（包括平曲线半径、纵坡、视距等）所采用的行车速度。
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公路工程相关规中的英文术语公路工程技术标准
Technical Standard of Highway Engineering
公路改扩建
highway reconstruction & extension
公路功能
highway function
设计速度
design speed
运行速度
operating speed
限制速度
posted speed limit
设计车辆
design vehicle
设计通行能力
design traffic capacity
服务水平
level of service
避险车道
evacuation / escape lane
硬路肩
hard shoulder
设计使用年限
design working/service life
电子不停车收费
electronic toll collection
公路隧道设计规
Code for Design of Road Tunnel
公路隧道
road tunnel
山岭隧道
mountain tunnel
岩质量指标
Rock Quality Designation(RQD)
岩体分级
rock mass classification
环境调查
environmental survey
水文调查
hydrological survey
地质调查
geological survey
隧道涌水
water inflow into tunnel
荷载
load
围岩压力
surrounding rock pressure
偏压
unsymmetrical pressure
松散压力
loosening pressure
新奥法
NATM(New Austrian Tunneling Method) 净空断面（轮廓）
inner section
洞门
portal
衬砌
lining
仰拱
invert
小净距隧道
neighborhood tunnel
连拱隧道
multi-arch tunnel
竖井
vertical shaft
斜井
incline/inclined shaft
横通道
horizontal adit
超前导坑
advancing drift
通风
ventilation
照明
lighting
公路隧道设计规
第二册交通工程与附属设施
Specifications for Design of Highway Tunnels Section 2 Traffic Engineering and Affiliated Facilities 电光标志
electric sign
逆光照明
counter-beam lighting
光学长隧道
optically long tunnels
区域控制单元
local controller
公路隧道设计细则
Guidelines for Design of Highway Tunnel 水下隧道
underwater tunnel
钻爆隧道
drilling and blasting tunnel
盾构隧道
shield tunnel
沉管隧道
immersed tube tunnel
隧道建筑限界
tunnel construction clearance
隧道净空断面
tunnel cross-section
偏压隧道
tunnel under unsymmetrical pressure
浅埋隧道
shallow tunnel
深埋隧道
deep tunnel
软弱围岩
soft rock
隧道群
tunnel group
紧急停车带
emergency parking strip
车行横洞
adit for vehicle passing
人行横洞
adit for people passing
分离式隧道
separated tunnel
分岔隧道
branch tunnel
整体式衬砌
monolithic lining
喷锚支护
shotcrete and rockbolts supporting 复合式衬砌
composite lining
明洞
open-cut tunnel
棚洞
hangar tunnel
斜井
inclined shaft
竖井
vertical shaft
围岩基本质量指标
rock basic quality index
围岩修正质量指标
rock modified quality index
形变压力
deformed pressure
初始应力
开挖效应
excavation effect
承载拱
load-bearing arch
承载能力
bearing capacity
端墙式洞门
end-wall tunnel portal
翼墙式洞门
wing-wall tunnel portal
明洞式洞门
open-cut tunnel portal
高地应力
high geostress
超前支护
pre-supporting
超前帷幕注浆
advanced curtain grouting
井点降水
dewatering
注浆
grouting
预设计
pre-design
动态设计
dynamic design
超前地质预报
advanced geological forecast
monitoring measurement
隧道防水
tunnel waterproof
隧道排水
tunnel drainage
通风构造物
ventilation structure
施工辅助通道
construction subsidiary channel
公路隧道施工技术规
Technical Specifications for Construction of Highway Tunnel 光面爆破
smooth blasting
全断面法
full face excavation method
正台阶法
bench cut method
环形开挖预留核心土法
ring cut method
中隔壁法（CD法）
center diagram method
交叉中隔壁法（CRD法）
center cross diagram method
双侧壁导坑法
both side drift method
干喷
dry shotcrete
初喷
first shotcrete (application of first shotcrete)
复喷
subsequent shotcrete (application of subsequent shotcrete) 喷锚支护
shotcrete and rock bolt support
超前支护
advanced support
管棚
pipe-roof protection
小导管预注浆
small pipe-roof protection
超前锚杆
pioneer rock bolt
钢架
steel frame / beam support
中岩墙
wall of rock in neighborhood tunnel
监控量测
monitoring measurement
岩爆
rock burst
超前地质预报
geological prediction
瓦斯
gas
瓦斯浓度
gas concentration
公路隧道施工技术细则
Technical Guidelines for Construction of Highway Tunnel
中导洞法
center drift excavation method
湿喷
wet shotcrete
预注浆
pioneer grouting
全封闭注浆
full-closed grouting
模板台车
form jumbo
隧道防水隔离层
layer of anti-water
防水混凝土
waterproof concrete
百米平均漏风率
average air leakage rate 100 meter
公路隧道交通工程设计规
Design Specification for Traffic Engineering of Highway Tunnel
（无，已修订）
公路隧道通风照明设计规
Specifications for Design of Ventilation and Lighting of Highway Tunnel （无，已修订）。