研究生学位英语(GET)2002-2013真题翻译(附答案)
2012年6月研究生英语学位课统考(GET)真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)
2012年6月研究生英语学位课统考（GET）真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. LISTENING COMPREHENSION 2. VOCABULARY 3. CLOZE 4. READING COMPREHENSION 5. TRANSLATION 6. WRITINGLISTENING COMPREHENSIONSection A Directions: In this section, you will hear nine short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be read only once. Choose the best answer from the four choices given by marking the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring Answer Sheet.听力原文：W: Larry, are you feeling OK? You’re so quiet at the party tonight.M: To be honest, whenever I go back to campus now, I feel really old—and all the students look so young! I feel out of place when I’m surrounded by students.Q: What does the man mean?1．A．He is pretty comfortable in this kind of setting.B．He is not at ease when seeing her.C．He is not used to the current surroundings.D．He rarely feels shy in unfamiliar places.正确答案：C解析：女士说：Larry，你没事吧?今晚的聚会上你那么安静。
2013年1月研究生英语学位考试真题及答案详解
2013年1月研究生英语学位考试真题及答案详解A卷Part I Listening Comprehension (25 minutes, 20 points )Section A (1 point each)1. A The man shouldn’t care what Sandra said.B The man shouldn’t listen to Sandra.C The man should talk openly with Sandra.D The man should get back home early.2. A A boss and an employee.B A lawyer and a client.C A shop assistant and a customerD A bus driver and a passenger.3. A The woman helped to do part of the experiment.B The woman proposed some good ideas in the experiment.C The woman was grateful for the success of the experiment.D The woman recommended some useful books for the experiment.3. A It is very neat. B It is a messC It is very pleasant.D It is a hell.4. A He got the camera at a very low price.B The camera is very expensive.C The camera is worth nothing.D He does not like the camera.5. A Because it provides free service.B Because it is the best store of its kind.C Because it has great variety of goods.D Because it has high quality goods there.6. A Because he is going to find a new job.B Because he has to work over time in the office.C Because he is going to move to a new town.D Because his job is too demanding for him.7. A Because he is very inspiring.B Because he is very brave.C Because he made some great achievements.D Because he is a successful ruler.8. A He is very stern with his employees.B He works very hard himself.C He is very satisfied with his employees.D He makes excessive demands on his employees.Section B (1 point each)9. A Because his mother wanted him to learn.B Because he preferred the violin to the piano.C Because he heard a friend of his play it.D Because he thought the violin was for classical music.10.A He joined the Army Orchestra.B He stopped playing the violin.C He played more than 100 concerts a year.D He played classical music for American soldiers.12. A Everyone needs music. B People are born musical.C Children love music more than adults.D Music is the product of human civilization.13. A In developed countries. B In developing countriesC In European countriesD In Asian countries.14. A They teach and convey cultural values in schools.B They work as volunteers in developing countries.C They help take care of the AIDS patients.D They take care of their own grandchildren at home.15. A They can no longer perform their jobs well.B They don’t want to work any longer.C They have to give up their jobs to youngsters.D No boss would like to hire older employees.Section C (1 point each)16. Sam Maloof is the best-known ________of hand-made furniture.17. According to Sam Maloof, a successful chair or table contains something of _____________________18. Where are the 65 pieces of Mr. Maloof’s furniture shown?19. What did People Magazine call Sam Maloof in 1968?20. How much does a piece of Maloof’s furniture cost today?Part II. Vocabulary ( 10 minutes, 10 points)Section A (0.5 point each)21. The focus on profitability pushes the systems unreasonably large, rendering them more vulnerable to terrorist attacks.A declaringB verifyingC makingD indicating22. The 8.5-ton Shenzhou III spaceship has been substantially improved in terms of the life-support systems.A technologicallyB considerablyC structurallyD internally23. According to the American judicial system twelve people constitute a jury.A composeB overthrowC disposeD surpass24. With so many trivial matters to attend to, he can hardly get down to reading for the test.A participate inB cater toC indulge inD see to25. The decently dressed son and the humble-looking father formed a striking contrast.A astonishingB humiliatingC noticeableD fleeting.26. Nowadays the prevention against SARS has assumed new significance and attracted much attention.A carried onB taken onC worked onD embarked on27. At the economic forum, each speech by a distinguished guest has to be translated simultaneously.A once in a whileB at the same timeC in a broad senseD as soon as possible.28. Studies of the role of positive thinking in our daily lives have yielded interesting results.A specific=definiteB activeC creativeD confident.29. This training course is intended to improve the competence of English of the staff.A proficiencyB graspC efficiencyD competition30. Students are supposed to set aside enough time for recreations and sports.A set apartB leave outC go aboutD put upSection B (0.5 point each)31. Some of the old customs has continued ____ politeness although they are no longer thought about now.A in the way ofB in the eyes ofC in the face ofD in the form of32. One of the chief functions of slang words is to consolidate one’s ___ with a group.A identificationB specificationC introductionD superstition33. Given the other constitutional grounds elaborated by the justices, the association ____ that schools should continue to test, if they so choose.A preserveB safeguards B maintains D conserves34. Finding out information about these universities has become amazingly easy for any one with the Internet ____A entranceB admissionC accessD involvement35. Lack of exercise as well as unhealthy dietary habits can increase the risk of ____A mobilityB moralityC maturityD mortality36. On this bridge many suicide attempts are ____; lives can be saved.A impulsiveB responsiveC destructiveD speculative37. Abraham Lincoln was born on a small farm where the forests were ____ by wild animals.A residedB inhabitedC segregatedD exhibited38. Some teenagers are so crazy about video games as to play them many hours________, if possible.A on purposeB on hand .C on creditD on end39. Authorities of wildlife have spent millions of dollars on the protection of nature ____A reservesB preservativesC conservativesD reservations.40. The young lady is Mr. Smith’s step-daughter, her ____ parents having died in an accident.A ecologicalB psychologicalC physiologicalD biologicalPart III. Cloze Test (10 minutes, 1 point each)No one knows for sure whether the type of tea (you drink) makes a difference in health, but experts say all kinds of teas probably have some health 41 . Each contains high levels of antioxidants (抗氧化剂), 42 affect the process by which oxygen interacts with a substance to change its chemical 43 . But, the way (tea is processed) can change antioxidant levels 44 color and taste.Green tea is made by picking the leaves and quickly heating them to stop oxidization. Green tea typically has a 45 , fresh taste. Black tea is processed to fully oxidize and ferment (发酵) the leaves and create a stronger taste. Some experts suggest that this 46 some variation in health effects between black and green teas. The more rare white tea is considered the finest of teas because it 47 the youngest buds from the plants, which are still covered with whitish hairs when they’re picked. White and green teas have 48 amount of caffeine. But even black tea contain only about half as much caffeine as coffee.Herbal teas are something 49 different. They are made from the leaves, flowers or roots of various plants. Herbal teas can vary widely 50 their health effects.41. A advantages B benefits C merits D profits42. A where it B that C which D when it43. A elements B ingredients C fragment D composition44. A as well as B as it is C as far as D as it were45. A faint B mild C tender D gentle46. A joins in B hands in C results in D gives in47. A composes of B makes out C makes up D consists of48. A less B the least C more D the most49. A entirely B inevitably C enormously D irresistibly50. A in case of B in proportion to C in exchange for D in terms ofPart IV Reading Comprehension (45 minutes, 30 points, 1 pint each)Passage OneSingletons, referring to those who live alone, are being comforted by well-meaning friends and family and told that not having a partner is not the end of the world. So, it would seem that they can say, yes, it is not. But no, in fact, it is the end.A gloomy study has just been released that says that the international trend towards living alone is putting an unprecedented strain on our ecosystem.For a number of reasons---- relationship breakdown, career choice, longer life spans, smaller families---- the number of individual households is growing. And this is putting intolerable pressure on natural resources, and accelerating the extinction of endangered plant and animal species. And there is worse news. Running a refrigerator, television, cooker, plumbing system just for selfish little you is a disastrous waste of resources on our over-populate d planet. “The efficiency of resource consumption” is a lot higher in households of two people or more, simply because they share everything. Well imagine that . Just when you thought living alone was OK, you would find that all the time you were the enemy of mankind. Every time you put the kettle on the stove for a cup of coffee you were destroying Mother Earth. Indeed, it is not just your mother who is a bit worried by your continuing single status ---- you are letting down the entire human race by not having a boyfriend or girlfriend. The trouble is that society has a group instinct and people panic and hit out when they see other people quietly rebelling and straying away from the “standard” of family and coupledom.The suggestion is that singledom should be at best a temporary state. Unless you are assimilated into a larger unit, you can never be fully functional.Try “communal living.” There are all these illustrations of young attractive people having a “green time,” laughingly bumping into ea ch other. It looks like an episode of the TV series Friends.And the message is clear: Togetherness is good, solitude is bad, and being single on your own is not allowed.51. Well-meaning friends and family members often tell those who live alone that _____A they should end their singledom as soon as possible.B they should live together with other singletons.C singledom is an acceptable life-style.D singledom can shorten one’s life-span.52. Which of the following may NOT be the reason for the increasing number of households as mentioned in the passage?A Many people get divorced because of unhappy marriage.B Now people can afford to support a household individually.C Some people have to sacrifice family life for their careers.D Many people live much longer than before.53. The author thinks living alone is disastrous mainly because singledom is _________A harmful to people’s life.B destructive to our ecosystem.C dangerous to plants and animals.D unworkable in our society54. It is implied in the passage that singletons are usually _______A self-reliantB self-consciousC self-sufficientD self-centered55. When seeing others living alone, some people panic because they think singledom is ____A abnormalB diversifiedC unimaginableD disgusting56. The author suggests that singletons should ___________A find boy friends or girl friends.B live with their parents and other family members.C live together and share more with their friends.D watch more episodes of the TV series Friends.Passage TwoIn 1999 when MiShel and Carl Meissner decided to have children, they tackled the next big issue; Should they try to have a girl? It was n o small matter. MiShel’s brother had become blind from a hereditary condition in his early 20s, and the Meissners had learned that the condition is a disorder passed from mothers to sons. If they had a boy, he would have a 50 percent chance of having the condition. A girl would be unaffected. The British couple’s inquiries about sex selection led them to Virginia, U.S., where a new sperm-separation technique, called MicroSort, was experimental at the time. When MiShel became pregnant she gave birth to a daughter. Now they will try to have a second daughter using the same technique.The techniques separates sperm into two groups--- those that carry the X-chromosome (染色体) producing a female baby and those that carry the Y-chromosome producing a male baby.The technology was developed in 1990s, but the opening of laboratory in January 2003 in California marked the company’s first expansion. “We believe the number of people who want this technology is greater than those who have access to it.” Said Keith L.Blauer, the company’s clinical director.This is not only a seemingly effective way to select a child’s gender. It also brings a host of ethical and practical considerations ----especially for the majority of families who use the technique for nonmedical reasons.The clinic offers sex selection for two purposes: to help couples avoid passing on a sex-linked genetic disease and to allow those who already have a child to “balance” their family by having a baby of the opposite sex.Blaucer said the company has had an impressive success rate: 91 percent of the women who become pregnant after sorting for a girl are successful, while 76 percent who sort for a boy and get pregnant are successful.The technique separates sperm based on the fact that the X chromosome is larger than the Y chromosome.A machine is used to distinguished the size differences and sort the sperm accordingly.57. Why did MiShel and Carl decide not to have a boy?A Because they might give birth to a blind baby.B Because Carl might pass his family’s disease to his son.C Because the boy might become blind when he grows up.D Because they wanted a daughter to balance their family.58. When MiShel gave birth to her first girl, the new sperm-separation technique ____A had already been well-developed.B had not been declared successful.C was available to those who wanted it.D had been widely accepted in the medical world.59. Which of the following is the author’s primary conce rn regarding the application of the new technology?A The expansion of the new technology may not bring profits to the companies.B Most people who use the technology will not have a baby as they want.C The effect of the new technology still needs to be carefully examined.D Increasing use of the technology may disturb the sex balance in the population60. According to Mr. Blauer, by using the new technology, ______A 91% of the women successfully give birth to girls.B 76% of the women get pregnant with boys.C it is more successful for those who want to have girls.D it is more successful for those who want to have boys.61. The sperm-separation technique is based on the fact that the chromosomes responsible for babies’ sex_____A are of different shapesB are of different sizesC can be identifiedD can be reproduced62. We can infer from this passage that the new technology_________A may not guarantee people a daughter or a son as they desire.B is used by most families for nonmedical reasons.C has brought an insoluble ethical dilemma for mankind.D will lead to a larger proportional of females in the population.Passage ThreeWithout question there are plenty of bargains to be had at sales time ----particularly at the top-quality shops whose reputation depends on having only the best and newest goods in stock each season. They tend, for obvious reasons, to be the fashion or seasonal goods which in due course become the biggest bargains.It is true that some goods are specially brought in for the sales but these too can provide exceptional value.A manufacturer may have the end of a range left in his hands and be glad to sell the lot off cheaply to shops; or he may have a surplus of a certain material which he is glad to make up and get rid of cheaply; or he may be prepared to produce a special line at low cost merely to keep his employees busy during slack period. He is likely to have a good many “seconds” available and if their defects are trifling these may be p articularly good bargains.Nevertheless, sales do offer a special opportunity for sharp practices and shoppers need to be extra critical. For example the “second” should be clearly marked as such and not sold as if they were perfect. The term “substandard,” incidentally, usually indicates a more serious defect than “seconds.” More serious is the habit of marking the price down from an alleged previous price which is in fact fictitious. Mis-description of this and all other kinds is much practiced by the men who run one-day sales of carpets in church halls and the like. As the sellers leave the district the day after the sale there is little possibility of redress. In advertising sales, shops may say “only 100 left” when in fact they have plenty more; conversely they may say “10,000at half-price” when only a few are available at such a drastic reduction. If ever the warning “let the buyer beware” were necessary it is during sales.63. Which kind of goods can be among the best bargains?A Cheapest goodsB Newest goodsC Seasonal goodsD Goods in stock64. The second paragraph deals with all of the following types of goods EXCEPT ____A surplus goodsB low-cost goodsC the end lot goodsD exceptionally valued goods65. In order to maintain his business during a bad time, a manufacturer may ____A have his goods produced at low cost.B sell his goods at a very low price.C have his employees sell his goods.D try to produce high quality goods.66. The passage s uggests that “seconds”____________A are of better quality than “substandard goods”B attract buyers as particularly good bargains.C are defective but marked as perfect.D are goods with serious defects67. The word “redress” ( the un derlined word in the last paragraph) probably means ____A dressing againB change of addressC compensation for something wrong.D selling the same product at different prices.68. During sales shoppers should ____A find the best bargains at every opportunity.B beware of being cheated.C buy things that are necessary.D pay more attention to the price.Passage FourHow many of today’s ailment, or even illnesses, are purely psychological? And how far can these be alleviated by the use of drugs? For example a psychiatrist concerned mainly with the emotional problems of old people might improve their state of mind somewhat b y the use of anti-depressants but he would not remove the root cause of their depression ----- the feeling of being useless, often unwanted and handicapped by failing physical powers.One of the most important controversies in medicine today is how far doctors, and particularly psychologists, should depend on the use of drugs for “curing” their patients. It is not merely that drugs may have been insufficiently tested and may reveal harmful side effects as happened in the case of anti-sickness pills prescribed for expectant mothers but the uneasiness of doctor who feel that they are treating the symptoms of a disease without removing the disease itself. On the other hand, some psychiatrists argue that in many cases such as chronic depressive illness it is impossible to get at the root of the illness while the patient is in a depressed state. Even prolonged psychiatric care may have no noticeable effect whereas some people can be lifted out of a depression by the use of drugs within a matter of weeks. These doctors feel not only that they have no right to withhold such treatment, but that the root cause of depression can be tackled better when the patient himself feels better. This controversy is concerned, however, with the serious psychological illnesses. It does not solve the problem of those whose headaches, indigestion, backache, etc. ar e due to “nerves”. Commonly a busy family doctor will ascribe them to some physical cause and as a matter of routine prescribe a drug. Once again the symptoms are being cured rather than the disease itself.It may be true to say, as one doctor suggested recently, that over half of the cases that come to the ordinary doctor’s attention are not purely physical ailments. If this is so, the situation is serious indeed.69. The author thinks that drugs used for treating psychological ills ______A could be ineffective in some cases.B usually have harmful side effects.C can greatly alleviate the illnesses.D can remove the root causes.70. The controversy mentioned in the passage focuses on ___A whether psychologists should use drugs to cure their patients.B how psychologists should treat their patients.C the fact that all of the drugs have harmful side effects.D the extent to which drugs should be used to fight psychological illness.71. The passage indicates that psychologists _____A find it impossible to remove a psychological diseaseB feel dissatisfied at treating their patients with drugs.C believe that the root cause of a disease can be ignored.D can do nothing if the patient is in a depressed state .72. When treating patients with psychological problems, some doctors feel that they ____A are at a loss for treatment.B have no right to use drugs.C have to cure their patients by any means.D should use drugs to treat the symptoms.73. A family doctor would normally consider a headache or backache as a result of ____A a more serious diseaseB some emotional problem.C a physical disorderD prolonged work74. Regarding the situation of psychological problems the author feels ____A concernedB hopelessC surprisedD disappointedPassage FiveThose who make the rules for financial institution probably should take a modified oath. Their pledge would be: First, do no harm. Second, if the reforms put before m e) are unclear, don’t approve them. Charles Morris may not have intend ed his new book Money, Greed, and Risk to cast such a dim light on the regulators, but it does. In fact, it may serve as a wake-up call for true believers in our current regulatory structure, most of which was erected in the 1930s and most of which Morris seems to favor, despite the stupid results it has caused.Morris, a former Chase Manhattan banking executive, outlines in great detail, again and again, how regulators, lawmakers, firms and many of the customers marched straight into mortgage, currency, thrift (互相储蓄) and other investment disasters. His discussion of Regulation Q, an attempt by Congress in the 1960s to rescue ailing savings and loans by regulating interest rates, reveals not only Congressional economic illiteracy, but also the deep harm such foolish thinking can do to the real economy.After some 260 pages listing the foolish things of Wall Street, regulators and lawmakers, Morris draws some pessimistic conclusions: “One constant in all the crises is that the regulatory responses come only after a crisis hits its peak.” For example, it “took the S&L crisis of the 1980s to bring honest accounting to thrifts, and it wasn’t until the banking sector suffered huge losses in real estate and foreign loans that regulators began to enforce strict capital standards.”So, what is the point of regulation? Morris, who is excellent at recounting tales of regulation gone bad, asserts that regulation is absolutely necessary, that it is the essential plumbing in our economic house. Nevertheless, Mr. Morris should have noticed that plumbing requires plumbers, and while a good one can keep a house functional, a rotten plumber can turn a minor drip into a ruinous flood.75. The passage is primarily concerned with ___A recommending Morris’s new book.B criticizing Morris’ attitude to regulations.C describing current economic situations.D commenting on financial regulators.76. Which of the following is true of Money, Greed and Risk?A It discusses the importance of plumbing in keeping a house functional.B It describes a great number of financial disasters in detail .C It analyses the reasons for regulating the banking industry.D It emphasizes the flaws in the financial system of the 1930s.77. Regulation Q is quoted in the passage mainly to ____A demonstrate what kind of examples Morris has cited in his book.B illustrate that misguided policies can be very harmful to economy.C support Morris’s statement a bout the incompetence of Congressmen and bankers.D refute Morris’s conclusion about the foolishness of the government regulations.78. The government regulations often fail to bring the desired result partly because ____A the regulators do not understand economy well.B the regulations are enforced before a crisis hits its peak.C banking executives do not believe in the current regulatory structure.D the standards for financial institutions are not consistent.79. According to the passage, which of the following is true of Morris?A He needn’t have recounted so many financial disasters.B He has little faith in the present-day regulatory system.C He has failed to point out that regulators are more to blame than unwise regulations.D His book will undermine the readers’ faith in the current regulatory structure.80. The author’s attitude towards Morris’s new book can best be described as ____A scornfulB appreciativeC satiricalD criticalPart V Translation (30 minutes, 20 points)What’s strange about man is that he has yet to learn to settle disputes by some means other than war. Not only does war take a heavy toll of lives, but leads to increased tension. The use of sophisticated weapons is apt to bring about disasters to human health, although the reluctance to eliminate weapons of mass destruction on the part of the big powers will not necessarily end up with conflicts. The chances are that man will have his own civilization destroyed if the notion of the survival of the fittest still applies to the international community. We can’t help wondering how many years it will take for the world to eliminate war once for all.运用世界领先的技术将使中国有可能摆脱贫穷。
2013年考研英语真题二全文翻译
2013 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（二）试题全文翻译Section I 全文翻译鉴于电子货币的优势,你也许会认为,我们将快速步入无现金社会,实现完全电子支付。
然而，真正的无现金社会很可能不会马上到来。
事实上,这样的预测已经出现二十年了,但迄今还没有实现。
例如, 1975 年《商业周刊》预测电子支付手段不久将“彻底改变货币本身的定义”，并将在数年后颠覆货币本身。
为何人们进入无现金社会的速度如此缓慢呢？尽管电子支付手段可能比纸币支付方式更加高效，然而以下几个方面解释了纸币系统“不会”消失的原因。
第一，使电子货币成为最主要的支付方式必须的设备包括电脑、读卡器和电信网络，而安装这些设备价格昂贵。
第二，纸质支票有提供收据这一优势，这是消费者不愿放弃的。
第三，使用纸质支票可以让开票人多几天让钱“悬浮”在帐户里，对方得花上几天才能凭支票取现，这也就是意味着开票方又多赚了几天利息钱。
而由于电子支票是即时的，因此也就没有这种优势。
第四，电子支付方式还有可能存在安全和隐私隐患。
我们曾多次听到媒体报道说某个非法黑客入侵了用户的数据库并且篡改了里面的信息。
这种情况时有发生，这也意味着别有用心之人可能侵入电子支付系统，盗取别人的银行帐号而盗款成功。
要防止这类诈骗并非易事，正在研发新的电脑科学领域来处理该类安全问题。
此外，人们对于电子支付方式的担忧在于进行电子交易之后所留下的包含个人信息的痕迹。
人们担心政府部门，雇员和市场营销人员会看到这些数据，侵犯个人隐私。
Section II Reading ComprehensionText1全文翻译亚当•戴维森《在美国制造》一文中提到南部种棉地区的一个笑话，内容涉及现代纺织厂自动化的程度：如今的普通工厂只有两个雇员，“一个人外加一条狗。
人是负责喂狗的，狗则是为了让人不要靠近机器的。
”目前，我们的失业率为何居高不下、中产阶级收入为何下降，其实也是由于全球化和信息技术革命的发展。
研究生学位英语(GET)2002-2013真题翻译(附答案)
2002年1月Regrettably for many in Silicon Valley, the ability to make accurate forecasts can depend on how well-established a company’s products are. Young industries on steep growth curves are almost always surprised by how well their products do in the first few y ears, and then they’re at a loss when demand falls. Says a Stanford University business strategy professor, “In a highly dynamic and unpredictable market people are going to make mistakes. It’s inherent in the type of business.”In many corners of Silicon Valley----and elsewhere ----unpredictability is inevitable. One solution: keep innovating but develop sound service businesses to sell with products. Building a “very strong service business”, a company president says, smoothes out the rough spots between innovations.对于一个公司产品的准确预测取决于该公司产品的知名度。
2013年考研英语真题及解析
2013年硕士研究生入学考试英语一试题（完整版）Section Ⅰ Use of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points) People are, on the whole, poor at considering background information when making individual decisions. At first glance this might seem like a strength that 1 the ability to make judgments which are unbiased by 2 factors. But Dr. Uri Simonsohn speculated that an inability to consider the big 3 was leading decision-makers to be biased by the daily samples of information they were working with. 4 , he theorised that a judge 5 of appearing too soft 6 crime might be more likely to send someone to prison 7 he had already sentenced five or six other defendants only to probation on that day. To 8 this idea, he turned to the university-admissions process. In theory, the 9 of an applicant should not depend on the few others 10 randomly for interview during the same day, but Dr Simonsohn suspected the truth was 11 . He studied the results of 9,323 MBA interviews, 12 by 31 admissions officers. The interviewers had 13 applicants on a scale of one to five. This scale 14 numerous factors into consideration. The scores were 15 used in conjunction with an applicant's score on the Graduate Management Admission Test, or GMAT, a standardised exam which is 16 out of 800 points, to make a decision on whether to accept him or her. Dr Simonsohn found if the score of the previous candidate in a daily series of interviewees was 0.75 points or more higher than that of the one 17 that, then the score for the next applicant would 18 by an average of 0.075 points. This might sound small, but to 19 the effects of such a decrease a candidate would need 30 more GMAT points than would otherwise have been 20 . 1.[A] grant [B] submits [C] transmits [D] delivers 2.[A] minor [B]objective [C] crucial [D] external 3.[A] issue [B] vision [C] picture [D] moment 4.[A] For example [B] On average [C] In principle[D] Above all 5.[A] fond [B]fearful [C] capable [D] thoughtless 6.[A] in [B] on [C] to [D] for 7.[A] if [B]until [C] though [D] unless 8.[A] promote [B]emphasize [C] share [D] test 9.[A] decision [B] quality [C] status [D] success 10.[A] chosen [B]stupid [C]found [D] identified11.[A] exceptional [B] defensible [C] replaceable [D] otherwise 12.[A] inspired [B]expressed [C] conducted [D] secured 13.[A] assigned [B]rated [C] matched [D] arranged 14.[A] put [B]got [C]gave [D] took 15.[A]instead [B]then [C] ever [D] rather 16.[A]selected [B]passed [C] marked [D] introduced 17.[A]before [B] after [C] above [D] below 18.[A] jump [B] float [C] drop [D] fluctuate 19.[A]achieve [B]undo [C] maintain [D]disregard 20. [A] promising [B] possible [C] necessary [D] helpful Section Ⅱ Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections：Read the following four texts. Answer the questions after each text by choosing A, B, C or D.Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points) Text 1 In the 2006 film version of The Devil Wears Prada, Miranda Priestly, played by Meryl Streep, scold her unattractive assistant for imagining that high fashion doesn’t affect her. Priestly explains how the deep blue color of the assistant’s sweater descended over the years from fashion shows to department stores and to the bargain bin in which the poor girl doubtless found her garment. This top-down conception of the fashion business couldn’t be more out of date or at odds with feverish world described in Overdressed, Elizabeth Cline’s three-year indictment of “fast fashion”. In the last decades or so, advances in technology have allowed mass-market labels such as Zara, H&M, and Uniqlo to react to trends more quickly and anticipate demand more precisely. Quckier turnrounds mean less wasted inventory, more frequent releases, and more profit. Those labels encourage style-conscious consumers to see clothes as disposal—— meant to last only a wash or two, although they don’t advertise that——and to renew their wardrobe every few weeks. By offering on-trend items at dirt-cheap prices, Cline argues, these brands have hijacked fashion cycles, shaking all industry long accustomed to a seasonal pace. The victims of this revolution, of course, are not limited to designers. For H&M to offer a 5.95 knit miniskirt in all its 2300-plus stores around the world, it must rely on low-wage, overseas labor, order in volumes that strain natural resources, and use massive amount of harmful chemicals. Overdressed is the fashion world’s answer to consumer activist bestsellers like Michael Pollan’s The Omnivore’s Dilemma. Mass-produced clothing, like fast food, fills a hunger and need, yet is non-durable, and wasteful,” Cline argues, Americans, she finds, buy roughly 20 billion garments a year——about 64 items per person——and no matter how much they give away, this excess leads to waste.Towards the end of Overdressed, Cline introduced her ideal, a Brooklyn woman named SKB, who, since 2008 has make all of her own clothes——and beautifully. But as Cline is the first to note, it took Beaumont decades to perfect her craft; her example, can’t be knocked off. Though several fast-fashion companies have made efforts to curb their impact on labor and the environment——including H&M, with its green Conscious Collection Line——Cline believes lasting-change can only be effected by the customer. She exhibits the idealism common to many advocates of sustainability, be it in food or in energy. Vanity is a constant; people will only start shopping more sustainably when they can’t afford to it. 21. Priestly criticizes her assistant for her [A] poor bargaining skill. [B] insensitivity to fashion. [C] obsession with high fashion. [D]lack of imagination. 22. According to Cline, mass-maket labels urge consumers to [A] combat unnecessary waste. [B] shut out the feverish fashion world. [C] resist the influence of advertisements. [D] shop for their garments more frequently. 23. The word “indictment” (Line 3, Para.2) is closest in meaning to [A] accusation. [B] enthusiasm. [C] indifference. [D] tolerance. 24. Which of the following can be inferred from the lase paragraph? [A] Vanity has more often been found in idealists. [B] The fast-fashion industry ignores sustainability. [C] People are more interested in unaffordable garments. [D] Pricing is vital to environment-friendly purchasing. 25. What is the subject of the text? [A] Satire on an extravagant lifestyle. [B] Challenge to a high-fashion myth. [C] Criticism of the fast-fashion industry. [D] Exposure of a mass-market secret. Text 2 An old saying has it that half of all advertising budgets are wasted-the trouble is, no one knows which half . In the internet age, at least in theory ,this fraction can be much reduced . By watching what people search for, click on and say online, companies can aim “behavioural” ads at those most likely to buy. In the past couple of weeks a quarrel has illustrated the value to advertisers of such fine-grained information: Should advertisers assume that people are happy to be tracked and sent behavioural ads? Or should they have explicit permission?In December 2010 America's Federal Trade Cornmission (FTC) proposed adding a "do not track "(DNT) option to internet browsers ,so that users could tell adwertisers that they did not want to be followed .Microsoft's Internet Explorer and Apple's Safari both offer DNT ;Google's Chrome is due to do so this year. In February the FTC and Digltal Adwertising Alliance (DAA) agreed that the industry would get cracking on responging to DNT requests. On May 31st Microsoft Set off the row: It said that Internet Explorer 10,the version due to appear windows 8, would have DNT as a default. It is not yet clear how advertisers will respond. Geting a DNT signal does not oblige anyone to stop tracking, although some companies have promised to do so. Unable to tell whether someone really objects to behavioural ads or whether they are sticking with Microsoft’s default, some may ignore a DNT signal and press on anyway. Also unclear is why Microsoft has gone it alone. Atter all, it has an ad business too, which it says will comply with DNT requests, though it is still working out how. If it is trying to upset Google, which relies almost wholly on default will become the norm. DNT does not seem an obviously huge selling point for windows 8-though the firm has compared some of its other products favourably with Google's on that count before. Brendon Lynch, Microsoft's chief privacy officer, bloggde:"we believe consumers should have more control." Could it really be that simple? 26. It is suggested in paragraph 1 that “behavioural” ads help advertisers to: [A] ease competition among themselves [B] lower their operational costs [C] avoid complaints from consumers [D]provide better online services 27. “The industry” (Line 6,Para.3) refers to: [A] online advertisers [B] e-commerce conductors [C] digital information analysis [D]internet browser developers 28. Bob Liodice holds that setting DNT as a default [A] many cut the number of junk ads [B] fails to affect the ad industry [C] will not benefit consumers [D]goes against human nature 29. which of the following is ture according to Paragraph.6? [A] DNT may not serve its intended purpose [B] Advertisers are willing to implement DNT[C] DNT is losing its popularity among consumers [D] Advertisers are obliged to offer behavioural ads 30. The author's attitude towards what Brendon Lynch said in his blog is one of: [A] indulgence [B] understanding [C] appreciaction [D] skepticism Text 3 Up until a few decades ago, our visions of the future were largely - though by no means uniformly - glowingly positive. Science and technology would cure all the ills of humanity, leading to lives of fulfillment and opportunity for all. Now utopia has grown unfashionable, as we have gained a deeper appreciation of the range of threats facing us, from asteroid strike to epidemic flu and to climate change. You might even be tempted to assume that humanity has little future to look forward to. But such gloominess is misplaced. The fossil record shows that many species have endured for millions of years - so why shouldn't we? Take a broader look at our species' place in the universe, and it becomes clear that we have an excellent chance of surviving for tens, if not hundreds, of thousands of years . Look up Homo sapiens in the "Red List" of threatened species of the International Union for the Conversation of Nature (IUCN) ,and you will read: "Listed as Least Concern as the species is very widely distributed, adaptable, currently increasing, and there are no major threats resulting in an overall population decline." So what does our deep future hold? A growing number of researchers and organisations are now thinking seriously about that question. For example, the Long Now Foundation has its flagship project a medical clock that is designed to still be marking time thousands of years hence . Perhaps willfully , it may be easier to think about such lengthy timescales than about the more immediate future. The potential evolution of today's technology, and its social consequences, is dazzlingly complicated, and it's perhaps best left to science fiction writers and futurologists to explore the many possibilities we can envisage. That's one reason why we have launched Arc, a new publication dedicated to the near future. But take a longer view and there is a surprising amount that we can say with considerable assurance. As so often, the past holds the key to the future: we have now identified enough of the long-term patterns shaping the history of the planet, and our species, to make evidence-based forecasts about the situations in which our descendants will find themselves.This long perspective makes the pessimistic view of our prospects seem more likely to be a passing fad. To be sure, the future is not all rosy. But we are now knowledgeable enough to reduce many of the risks that threatened the existence of earlier humans, and to improve the lot of those to come. 31. Our vision of the future used to be inspired by [A] our desire for lives of fulfillment [B] our faith in science and technology [C] our awareness of potential risks [D] our belief in equal opportunity 32. The IUCN’s “Red List” suggest that human being are [A] a sustained species [B] a threaten to the environment [C] the world’s dominant power [D] a misplaced race 33. Which of the following is true according to Paragraph 5? [A] Arc helps limit the scope of futurological studies. [B] Technology offers solutions to social problem. [C] The interest in science fiction is on the rise. [D] Our Immediate future is hard to conceive. 34. To ensure the future of mankind, it is crucial to [A] explore our planet’s abundant resources [B] adopt an optimistic view of the world [C] draw on our experience from the past [D] curb our ambition to reshape history 35. Which of the following would be the best title for the text? [A] Uncertainty about Our Future [B] Evolution of the Human Species [C] The Ever-bright Prospects of Mankind [D] Science, Technology and Humanity Text 4 On a five to three vote, the Supreme Court knocked out much of Arizona’s immigration law Monday-a modest policy victory for the Obama Administration. But on the more important matter of the Constitution,the decision was an 8-0 defeat for the Administration’s effort to upset the balance of power between the federal government and the states. In Arizona v. United States, the majority overturned three of the four contested provisions of Arizona’s controversial plan to have state and local police enforce federal immigration law. The Constitutional principles that Washington alone has the power to “establish a uniform Rule of Naturalization ”and that federal laws precede state laws are noncontroversial . Arizona had attempted to fashion state policies that ran parallel to the existing federal ones. Justice Anthony Kennedy, joined by Chief Justice John Roberts and the Court’s liberals, ruled that the state flew too close to the federal sun. On the overturned provisions the majority held the congress had deliberately “occupied the field” and Arizona had thus intruded on the federal’s privileged powers. However,the Justices said that Arizona police would be allowed to verify the legal status of people who come in contact with law enforcement.That’s because Congress has always envisioned joint federal-state immigration enforcement and explicitly encourages state officers to share information and cooperate with federal colleagues. Two of the three objecting Justice-Samuel Alito and Clarence Thomas-agreed with this Constitutional logic but disagreed about which Arizona rules conflicted with the federal statute.The only major objection came from Justice Antonin Scalia,who offered an even more robust defense of state privileges going back to the alien and Sedition Acts. The 8-0 objection to President Obama turns on what Justice Samuel Alito describes in his objection as “a shocking assertion assertion of federal executive power”.The White House argued that Arizona’s laws conflicted with its enforcement priorities,even if state laws complied with federal statutes to the letter.In effect, the White House claimed that it could invalidate any otherwise legitimate state law that it disagrees with . Some powers do belong exclusively to the federal government, and control of citizenship and the borders is among them. But if Congress wanted to prevent states from using their own resources to check immigration status, it could. It never did so. The administration was in essence asserting that because it didn’t want to carry out Congress’s immigration wishes, no state should be allowed to do so either. Every Justice rightly rejected this remarkable claim. 36. Three provisions of Arizona’s plan were overturned because they [A] deprived the federal police of Constitutional powers. [B] disturbed the power balance between different states. [C] overstepped the authority of federal immigration law. [D] contradicted both the federal and state policies. 37. On which of the following did the Justices agree,according to Paragraph4? [A] Federal officers’ duty to withhold immigrants’information.[B] States’ independence from federal immigration law. [C] States’ legitimate role in immigration enforcement. [D] Congress’s intervention in immigration enforcement. 38. It can be inferred from Paragraph 5 that the Alien and Sedition Acts [A] violated the Constitution. [B] undermined the states’ interests. [C] supported the federal statute. [D] stood in favor of the states. 39. The White House claims that its power of enforcement [A] outweighs that held by the states. [B] is dependent on the states’ support. [C] is established by federal statutes. [D] rarely goes against state laws. 40. What can be learned from the last paragraph? [A] Immigration issues are usually decided by Congress. [B] Justices intended to check the power of the Administrstion. [C] Justices wanted to strengthen its coordination with Congress. [D] The Administration is dominant over immigration issues. Part B Directions:In the following article, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the list A-G to fit into each of the numbered blank. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points) The social sciences are flourishing.As of 2005,there were almost half a million professional social scientists from all fields in the world, working both inside and outside academia. According to the World Social Science Report 2010,the number of social-science students worldwide has swollen by about 11% every year since 2000. Yet this enormous resource in not contributing enough to today’s global challenges including climate change, security,sustainable development and health.(41)______Humanity has the necessary agro-technological tools to eradicate hunger , from genetically engineered crops to arificial fertilizers . Here , too, the problems are social: the organization and distribution of food, wealth and prosperity.(42)____This is a shame—the community should be grasping the opportunity to raise its influence in the real world. To paraphrase the great social scientist Joseph Schumpeter:there is no radical innovation without creative destruction . Today ,the social sciences are largely focused on disciplinary problems and internal scholarly debates,rather than on topics with external impact. Analyses reveal that the number of papers including the keywords “environmental changed” or “climate change” have increased rapidly since 2004,(43)____ When social scientists do tackle practical issues ,their scope is often local:Belgium is interested mainly in the effects of poverty on Belgium for example .And whether the community’s work contributes much to an overall accumulation of knowledge is doubtful. The problem is not necessarily the amount of available funding (44)____this is an adequate amount so long as it is aimed in the right direction. Social scientists who complain about a lack of funding should not expect more in today’s economic climate. The trick is to direct these funds better.The European Union Framework funding programs have long had a category specifically targeted at social scientists.This year,it was proposed that system be changed:Horizon 2020,a new program to be enacted in 2014,would not have such a category ,This has resulted in protests from social scientists.But the intention is not to neglect social science ; rather ,the complete opposite.(45)____That should create more collaborative endeavors and help to develop projects aimed directly at solving global problems. [A] It could be that we are evolving two communities of socialscientists:one that is discipline-oriented and publishing in highlyspecialized journals,and one that is problem-oriented and publishingelsewhere,such as policy briefs. [B] However,the numbers are still small:in 2010,about 1,600 of the100,000 social-sciences papers published globally included one of theseKeywords. [C] the idea is to force social to integrate their work with other categories, including health and demographic change food security, marine research and the bio-economy, clear, efficient energy; and inclusive, innovative and secure societies. [D] the solution is to change the mindset of the academic community, and what it considers to be its main goal. Global challenges and social innovation ought to receive much more attention from scientists, especially the young ones. [E] These issues all have root causes in human behavior . all require behavioral change and social innovations , as well as technological development . Stemming climate change , for example , is as much about changing consumption patterns and promoting tax acceptance as it is about developing clean energy.[F] Despite these factors , many social scientists seem reluctant to tackle such problems . And in Europe , some are up in arms over a proposal to drop a specific funding category for social-science research and to integrate it within cross-cutting topics of sustainable development . [G] During the late 1990s , national spending on social sciences and the humanities as a percentage of all research and development funds-including government, higher education, non-profit and corporate -varied from around 4% to 25%; in most European nations , it is about 15%. Part B: (10 points) Section III Translation 46. Directions: Translate the following text from English to Chinese. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET2. (10 points) Directions: Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points) It is speculated that gardens arise from a basic need in the individuals who made them: the need for creative expression. There is no doubt that gardens evidence an impossible urge to create, express, fashion, and beautify and that self-expression is a basic human urge; (46) Yet when one looks at the photographs of the garden created by the homeless, it strikes one that , for all their diversity of styles, these gardens speak os various other fundamental urges, beyond that of decoration and creative expression. One of these urges had to do with creating a state of peace in the midst of turbulence, a “still point of the turning world,” to borrow a phrase from T. S. Eliot. (47)A sacred place of peace, however crude it may be, is a distinctly human need, as opposed to shelter, which is a distinctly animal need. This distinction is so much so that where the latter is lacking, as it is for these unlikely gardens, the foemer becomes all the more urgent. Composure is a state of mind made possible by the structuring of one’s relation to one’s environment. (48) The gardens of the homeless which are in effect homeless gardens introduce from into an urban environment where it either didn’t exist or was not discernible as such. In so doing they give composure to a segment of the inarticulate environment in which they take their stand. Another urge or need that these gardens appear to respond to, or to arise from is so intrinsic that we are barely ever conscious of its abiding claims on us. When we are deprived of green, of plants, of trees, (49)most of us give into a demoralization of spirit which we usually blame on some psychological conditions, until one day we find ourselves in garden and feel the expression vanish as if by magic. In most of the homeless gardens of New York City the actual cultivation of plants is unfeasible, yet even so the compositions often seem to represent attempts to call arrangement of materials, an institution of colors, small pool of water, and a frequent presence of petals or leaves as well as of stuffed animals. On display here are various fantasy elements whose reference, at some basiclevel, seems to be the natural world. (50)It is this implicit or explicit reference to nature that fully justifies the use of word garden though in a “liberated” sense, to describe these synthetic constructions. In them we can see biophilia- a yearning for contact with nonhuman life-assuming uncanny representational forms. Section III Writing Party A 51 Directions: Write an e-mail of about 100 words to a foreign teacher in your college inviting him/her to be a judge for the upcoming English speech contest. You should include the details you think necessary. You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. Do not sign your own name at the end of the e-mail. Use “Li Ming” instead. Do not write the address. (10 points) Part B: (20 points) Part B 52 Directions: Write an essay of about 160 – 200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you should (1) describe the drawing briefly, (2) interpret its intended meaning, and(3) give your comments.You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (20 points)2013年考研英语一真题答案解析1.【答案】A【解析】第一句提到“总体而言，当人们自己做决定时，并不擅长考虑背景信息。
(完整word版)2002年考研英语真题及答案,推荐文档
2002年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题及答案Section I Listening ComprehensionDirections:This section is designed to test your ability to understand spoken English. You will hear a selection of recorded materials and you must answer the questions that accompany them. There are three parts in this Section, Part A, Part B and Part C. Remember, while you are doing the test, you should first put down your answers in your test booklet. At the end of the listening comprehension section, you will have 5 minutes to transfer all your answers from your test booklet to ANSWER SHEET 1. Now look at Part A in your test booklet.Part ADirections:For Questions 1 - 5, you will hear an introduction about the life of Margaret Welch. While you listen, fill out the table with the information you've heard. Some of the information has been given to you in the table. Write only 1 word or number in each numbered box. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the table below. (5 points)Welch's Personal InformationPlace of Birth PhiladelphiaYear of Birth 1901Transfer to Barnard University (Year) 1920Major at University1Final Degree PhDYear of Marriage 1928Growing Up In New Guinea Published (Year)2Field Study in the South Pacific (Age)3Main Interest4Professorship at Columbia Started (Year)5Death (Age) 77Part B Directions:For questions 6 - 10, you will hear a talk by a well-known U.S. journalist. While you listen, complete the sentences or answer the questions. Use not more than 3 words for each answer. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the sentences and questions below. (5 points)Besides reporters, who else were camped out for days outside6the speaker's home?One reporter got to the speaker's apartment pretending to pay7The speaker believed the reporter wanted a picture of her looking8Where is a correction to a false story usually placed?9According to the speaker, the press will lose readers unless the 10editors and the news directorsPart C Directions:You will hear three pieces of recorded material. Before listening to each one, you will have time to read the questions related to it. While listening, answer each question by choosing A, B, C or D. After listening, you will have time to check your answers. You will hear each piece once only. (10 points)Questions 11 - 13 are based on a report about children's healthy development. You now have 15 seconds to read Questions 11 - 13.11. What unusual question may doctors ask when giving kids a checkup next time?[A] How much exercise they get every day.[B] What they are most worried about.[C] How long their parents accompany them daily.[D] What entertainment they are interested in.12. The academy suggests that children under age two[A] get enough entertainment.[B] have more activities.[C] receive early education.[D] have regular checkups.13. According to the report, children's bedrooms should[A] be no place for play.[B] be near a common area.[C] have no TV sets.[D] have a computer for study.Questions 14 - 16 are based on the following talk about how to save money. You now have 15 seconds to read Questions 14 - 16.14. According to the speaker, what should one pay special attention to if he wants to save up?[A] Family debts.[B] Bank savings.[C] Monthly bills.[D] Spending habits.15. How much can a person save by retirement if he gives up his pack-a-day habit?[A] $190,000.[B] $330,000.[C] $500,000.[D] $ 1,000,000.16. What should one do before paying monthly bills, if he wants to accumulate wealth?[A] Invest into a mutual fund.[B] Use the discount tickets.[C] Quit his eating-out habit.[D] Use only paper bills and save coins.Questions 17 - 20 are based on an interview with Herbert A. Glieberman,domestic-relations lawyer. You now have 20 seconds to read Questions 17 - 20.17. Which word best describes the lawyer's prediction of the change in divorce rate?[A]Fall.[B] Rise.[C] V-shape.[D] Zigzag.18. What do people nowadays desire to do concerning their marriage?[A] To embrace changes of thought.[B] To adapt to the disintegrated family life.[C] To return to the practice in the '60s and '70s.[D] To create stability in their lives.19. Why did some people choose not to divorce 20 years ago?[A] They feared the complicated procedures.[B] They wanted to go against the trend.[C] They were afraid of losing face.[D] They were willing to stay together.20. Years ago a divorced man in a company would have[A] been shifted around the country.[B] had difficulty being promoted.[C] enjoyed a happier life.[D] tasted little bitterness of disgrace.You now have 5 minutes to transfer all your answers from your test booklet to ANSWER SHEET 1.全国硕士研究生入学考试英语（二）National Entrance Test Of English for MA／MS Candidates(2002)考生注意事项1.考生必须严格遵守各项考场规则，得到监考人员指令后方可开始答题。
研究生学位英语考试真题+答案(2013.1)
2013年1月研究生英语学位课统考真题AGENERAL ENGLISH QUALIFYING TEST FOR NON-ENGLISH MAJORGRADUATE STUDENTS(GETJUN2710)PAPER ONEPART ⅠLISTENING COMPREHENSIONSection ADirections: In this section, you will hear nine short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be read only once. Choose the best answer from the four choices given by marking the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring Answer Sheet.1. A. He has better hearing than others.B. He doesn't care what the woman may say.C. He is eager to know the news.D. He doesn't believe what the woman said.2. A. She thinks the camera is the latest style.B. She thinks the camera is multi-functional.C. She thinks the camera is small and fashionable.D. She doesn't think there's anything new with the camera.3. A. She asks the man to postpone the invitation.B. She tells the man to take a raincoat with him.C. She refuses the invitation because it is raining hard.D. She wants the man to pay the dinner check.4. A. The manager will report to the company.B. The manager will make trouble for the man.C. The manager will get into trouble.D. The manager will fire the man.5. A. She's not courageous enough.B. She didn't have enough time.C. She was afraid of the monster.D. She didn't like the game.6. A. He's broke. B. He's sick.C. He's very tired.D. He has something to do at home.7. A. Stock trading is not profitable.B. The stock market is always unstable.C. Stock trading is easier than the man said.D. Stock trading is not as easy as the man thinks.8. A. James is warm-hearted.B. James is a car technician.C. James knows the woman's car very well.D. James is very skillful in car repairing.9. A. Jake would do stupid things like this.B. The man's conclusion is not based on facts.C. The man shouldn't be on a date with another girl.D. Jake didn't tell the man's girlfriend about his date.Section BDirections: In this section you will hear two mini-talks. At the end of each talk, there will be some questions. Both the talks and the questions will be read to you only once. After each question, there will be a pause. During the pause, you must choose the best answer from the four choices given by marking the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring Answer Sheet.Mini-talk One10. A. In 1984. B. In 1986. C. In 1992. D. In 1996.11. A. Almost 25 billion dollars. B. Almost 2.5 billion dollars.C. Almost 25 million dollars.D. Almost 2.5 million dollars.12. A. Her family. B. Her mother. C. Her father. D. Herself.Mini-talk Two13. A. It covers an area of more than 430 hectares.B. It took more than 16 years to complete.C. The lakes and woodlands were all built by human labor.D. The two designers of the park were from Britain.14. A. 7 kilometers. B. 9 kilometers.C. 39 kilometers.D. 93 kilometers.15. A. Baseball, football and volleyball.B. Basketball, baseball and football.C. Basketball, football and hockey.D. Chess, baseball and table tennis.Section CDirections: In this section you will bear a short lecture. Listen to the recording and complete the notes about the lecture. You will hear the recording twice. After the recording you are asked to write down your answers on the Answer Sheet. You now have 25 seconds to read the notes below.16. The new exhibit is called " ______ ."17. The Family of Man show was designed to express the connections that ______.18. The new exhibit was held at ______.19. The new exhibit is divided into several parts:"Children of Man,""Family of Man,""Cities of Man,""Faith of Man", and"______"20. The theme that comes out is really the unity of mankind that ______.PART ⅡVOCABULARYSection ADirections: There are ten questions in this section. Each question is a sentence with one word or phrase underlined. Below the sentence are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose the word or phrase that is closest in meaning to the underlined one. Mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring Answer Sheet.21. If a country turned inward and insulated itself, the result would be a diminished standard of living.A. worshipedB. splitC. innovatedD. isolated22. The values and beliefs will dictate the direction of your pursuit as well as your life.A. ruleB. shapeC. alterD. complicate23. Studies have proved that smart people tend to be smart across different kinds of realms.A. realitiesB. fieldsC. occupationsD. courses24. Humans are beginning to realize that raising food animals contributes substantially to climate change.A. physicallyB. materiallyC. considerablyD. favorably25. This peer-reviewed journal has a specific emphasis on effective treatment of acute pain.A. urgentB. severeC. sternD. sensitive26. One way to maintain social stability is to crack down on crime while creating more jobs.A. clamp down onB. settle down toC. look down uponD. boil down to27. The city council decided to set up a school devoted exclusively to the needs of problem children.A. forcefullyB. externallyC. reluctantlyD. entirely28. City residents have a hard time trying to avoid contact with hazardous chemicals in daily life.A. dangerousB. prevalentC. novelD. invasive29. The most important aspect of maintaining a healthy diet is whether you can stick to it.A. insist onB. dwell onC. coincide withD. adhere to30. I tried to talk my daughter into dining out in a nearby restaurant that evening, but in vain.A. to my surpriseB. on her ownC. to no effectD. to some extentSection BDirections: There are ten questions in this section. Each question is a sentence with something missing. Below each sentence are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring Answer Sheet.31. We won't have safe neighborhoods unless we're always ______ on drug criminals.A. toughB. roughC. thoroughD. enough32. The challenge for us is to ______ these new states in building a more prosperous future.A. participateB. engageC. commitD. contribute33. Forty-five years of conflict and ______ between East and West are now a thing of the past.A. convictionB. compatibilityC. collaborationD. confrontation34. Few people know the shape of the next century, for the genius of a free people______ prediction.A. deniesB. defiesC. repliesD. relies35. These countries are ______ concluding a free trade agreement to propel regional development.A. on the verge ofB. in the interest ofC. on the side ofD. at the expense of36. We'll continue along the road ______ by our presidents more than seventy years ago.A. given outB. made outC. wiped outD. mapped out37. When you win, your errors are ______; when you lose, your errors are magnified.A. expandedB. obscuredC. cultivatedD. exaggerated38. Although in her teens, the eldest daughter had to quit school to help ______ the family.A. provide forB. head forC. fall forD. go for39. Carbon ______ refers to the total set of greenhouse gases emissions caused by an organization.A. fingerprintB. footstepC. footprintD. blueprint40. There is no question that ours is a just cause and that good will ______.A. vanishB. wanderC. witherD. prevailPART ⅢCLOZE TESTDirections: There are 10 questions in this part of the test. Read the passage through. Then, go back and choose one suitable word or phrase marked A, B, C, or D for each blank in the passage. Mark the corresponding letter of the word or phrase you have chosen with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring Answer Sheet.When people search online, they leave a trail that remains stored on the central computers of firms such as Google, Yahoo and Microsoft. Analyzing what we're looking for on the Web can offer a remarkable (41) into our anxieties and enthusiasms. UK writer and Internet expert John Battelle wrote on his blog, "This can tell us (42) things about who we are and what we want as a (43) ." Google's experimental service Google Trends, for example, compares the numbers of people searching for different words and phrases from 2004 to the present. According to these graphs, sometimes people's interests are obviously (44) the news agenda: when the Spice Girls announce a reunion, there's an immediate (45) to find out more about them. Other results are strikingly seasonal: people go shopping online for coats in winter and short pants in summer.The most fascinating possibility is that search data might help (46) people's behavior. When we search online for a certain brand of stereo system, we are surely indicating we're more (47) to buy that brand.Perhaps we search for a political candidate's name when we are thinking about (48) him or her. Maybe we even search for "stock market crash" or "recession" just before we start (49) our investments. This information could clearly be useful to a smart marketer--it's already how Google decides which (50) to show on its search results pages--or to a political campaign manager.41. A. investigation B. insight C. consideration D. prospect42. A. extraordinary B. obvious C. mysterious D. sensitive43. A. culture B. nation C. person D. mass44. A. reduced to B. resulting in C. backed up by D. driven by45. A. rush B. push C. charge D. dash46. A. presume B. preoccupy C. predict D. preserve47. A. liking B. alike C. like D. likely48. A. fighting against B. voting forC. believing inD. running for49. A. withdrawing from B. depositing inC. turning downD. adding to50. A. notices B. papersC. advertisementsD. statementsPART ⅣREADING COMPREHENSIONDirections: In this part of the test, there are five short passages. Read each passage carefully, and then do the questions that follow. Choose the best answer from the four choices given and mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring Answer Sheet.Passage OneNew York's WCBS puts it in a way that just can't be better expressed: "It was an accident waiting to happen."15-year-old Alexa Longueira was wandering along the street in Staten Island, obliviously tapping text messages into her phone as she walked. Distracted by her phone, she failed to notice the open manhole (下水道窨井) in her path, and plunged into it, taking an unprepared bath of raw sewage along with receiving moderate injuries. Longueira called the dive "really gross, shocking and scary."It's not all Longueira's fault. The manhole shouldn't have been left uncovered and unattended, and no warning signs or hazard cones had been set up near the work site.A worker with New York's Department of Environmental Protection (DEP), who was preparing to flush the sewage, helped her out, and the department later issued a formal apology for the incident.Nonetheless, observers are harshly divided over who is to blame here. The DEP is certainly at fault for failing to secure the manhole, but to what extent should the girl be held accountable for failure to be aware of her surroundings? If she had stepped into traffic and been hit by a car, would her reaction (that is: anger and a potential lawsuit) be any different?Detachment from one's environment due to electronic gadgets is a growing problem--and a hazardous one. The government is even trying to get involved, with multiple laws on the books across the country outlawing cell phone use and text messaging while operating a motor vehicle in the wake of serious accidents involving distracted drivers. New York Senator Kruger even tried to criminalize the use of handheld devices (including phones, music players, and game players) by pedestrians while they are crossing streets in major New York cities, due to concerns over the number of auto vs. pedestrian accidents.Following a substantial outcry, that legislation appears never to have been formally introduced. But did Kruger have a point?What interested me, at least, is the end of the stow above that Longueira lost a shoe in the sewage. But since other things are not reported as lost, I'm guessing she appears to have managed to keep her grip on her phone during the accident.51. By "It was an accident waiting to happen" , New York's WCBS meant that______.A. the accident should have been avoidableB. this kind of accidents happen frequentlyC. somebody was glad to see what would happenD. an open manhole is sure a trap for careless pedestrians52. When the girl fell into the open manhole, she ______.A. was seriously hurtB. was frightenedC. took a bath in the raw sewageD. cried help to the DEP worker53. According to the author, who was to blame for the accident?A. The girl herself.B. The DEP worker.C. Both of them.D. Nobody.54. According to the passage, which of the following is illegal in the U.S.?A. Talking on a cell phone while driving.B. Text messaging while walking across a street.C. Operating music players while driving.D. Operating game players while walking across a street.55. The phrase "in the wake of"(Para.5) is closest in meaning to "______".A. in view ofB. on condition ofC. as far asD. with regard to56. The author found it funny that the girl had ______.A. lost a shoe in the sewage in the accidentB. reported nothing lost after the accidentC. got a firm hold of her phone during the accidentD. managed to keep herself upright in the manholePassage TwoAccording to a study, intellectual activities make people eat more than when just resting. This has shed new light on brain food. This finding might also help explain the obesity epidemic of a society in which people often sit.Researchers split 14 university student volunteers into three groups for a 45-minute session of either relaxing in a sitting position, reading and summarizing a text, or completing a series of memory, attention, and alert tests on the computer. After the sessions, the participants were invited to eat as much as they pleased.Though the study involved a very small number of participants, the results were stark. The students who had done the computer tests downed 253 more calories or 29.4 percent more than the couch potatoes. Those who had summarized a text consumed 203 more calories than the resting group.Blood samples taken before, during, and after revealed that intellectual work causes much bigger fluctuations in glucose(葡萄糖) levels than rest periods, perhaps owing to the stress of thinking.The researchers figure the body reacts to these fluctuations by demanding food to restore glucose--the brain's fuel. Glucose is converted by the body from carbohydrates (碳水化合物) and is supplied to the brain via the bloodstream. The brain cannot make glucose and so needs a constant supply. Brain cells need twice as much energy as other cells in the body.Without exercise to balance the added intake, however, such "brain food" is probably not smart. Various studies in animals have shown that consuming fewer calories overall leads to sharper brains and longer life, and most researchers agree that the findings apply, in general, to humans.And, of course, eating more can make you fat."Caloric overcompensation following intellectual work, combined with the fact that we are less physically active when doing intellectual tasks, could contribute to the obesity epidemic currently observed in industrialized countries," said lead researcher Jean-Philippe Chaput at Laval University in Quebec City, Canada. "This is a factor that should not be ignored, considering that more and more people hold jobs of an intellectual nature," the researcher concluded.57. The passage mainly tells us that ______.A. consuming fewer calories can lead to sharper brainsB. thinking consumed more calories than restingC. resting more can make people fatD. brain cells need more energy than other cells in the body58. It is implied that to avoid obesity, people who have to sit long should ______.A. think more and eat lessB. increase the intake of vitaminsC. skip some mealsD. eat less potatoes59. The word "stark" in the 3rd paragraph is closest in meaning to "______".A. negativeB. obscureC. absoluteD. ambiguous60. According to the research, which of the following activities consumed the most calories?A. Relaxing in a sitting position.B. Reading professional books.C. Summarizing a text.D. Completing tests on the computer.61. According to the passage, eating less may make people ______.A. smarterB. less intelligentC. more emotionalD. live a shorter life62. One of the reasons for the obesity epidemic currently observed in industrialized countries is that in these countries ______.A. people take different exercisesB. fewer people watch their weightC. fewer people hold physical jobsD. foods are much cheaperPassage ThreeOne of the simple pleasures of a lazy summer day is to be able to enjoy a refreshing slice of watermelon either at the beach, at a picnic, or fresh from the farmer's market. Delicious and nutritious, watermelon is one of those guilt-free foods we can all enjoy: one cup of watermelon packs only about 50 calories! Watermelons are not only cooling treats for when the mercury starts to rise; they are also loaded with healthy nutrients such as vitamin A, vitamin C, lycopene (番茄红素 ), and etc. Vitamins A and C and lycopene are antioxidants, which are substances that work to help get rid of the harmful effects of substances.Research has suggested that a diet high in fruits and vegetables that have plenty of antioxidants can reduce the risk of heart disease, some cancers, and some other dangerous diseases. A cup of watermelon provides 25% of the recommended daily value of vitamin C and 6% of the recommended daily value of vitamin A. Additionally, researchers have found that lycopene, a nutrient most traditionally associated with tomatoes, is found in equal or greater quantities in watermelon. Watermelons also provide significant amounts of vitamin B6 and vitamin B1, both of which are necessary for energy production. In combination with the minerals and vitamins already described, these B vitamins add to the high nutrient richness of watermelon. Due to its high water content (watermelon is 92% water by weight) and low calorie count, watermelon is a good choice to satisfy your hunger while you try to eat a healthy diet. Think of them as nature's answer to the heavily marketed "vitamin water" craze.Besides the textured, watery flesh of the fruit, watermelon seeds are also widely eaten as a snack. They are rich in iron and protein and are often pressed for oil or roasted and seasoned.So if you are planning on dining outdoor this summer, or simply looking for a quick and convenient refreshment to serve to unexpected company or reckless children, reach for watermelon. The kids will enjoy its crisp taste and messy juices, the adults will enjoy its refreshing flavors, and everyone will benefit from its nutritious value.63. We don't feel guilt even if we eat more watermelon because ______.A. it is deliciousB. it is nutritiousC. it contains low caloriesD. it contains antioxidants64. The phrase "when the mercury starts to rise" (Para. 1) probably means "______".A. in summer eveningsB. on sunny daysC. when people are thirstyD. when it is getting hot65. How many cups of watermelon can satisfy the daily need for vitamin C?A. 1.B. 2.C. 3.D. 4.66. By saying "Think of them as nature's answer to the heavily marketed" vitamin water "craze", the author means ______.A. watermelon can take the place of vitaminsB. with watermelon, people don't have to buy vitamin waterC. natural foods are much better than the manufactured onesD. the vitamin water has been over-advertised67. Watermelon seeds are often ______.A. fried in oilB. stored for seasonsC. prepared with spiceD. pressed before being cooked68. The best title of the passage is ______.A. Watermelon--the Most Enjoyable RefreshmentB. The Wonders of WatermelonC. The Nutrients in WatermelonD. Watermelon--the Best Summer Food for ChildrenPassage FourInitial voyages into space introduced questions scientists had never before considered. Could an astronaut swallow food in zero gravity? To keep things simple, astronauts on the Project Mercury ate foods squeezed out of tubes. It was like serving them baby food in a toothpaste container.But these early tube meals were flavorless, and astronauts dropped too many pounds. "We know that astronauts have lost weight in every American and Russian manned flight," wrote NASA scientists Malcolm Smith in 1969. "We don't know why." Feeding people in space was not as easy as it looked.Floating around in space isn't as relaxing as it might sound. Astronauts expend a lot of energy and endure extreme stresses on their bodies. Their dietary requirements are therefore different from those of their gravity-bound counterparts on Earth. For example, they need extra calcium to compensate for bone loss. 'A low-salt diet helps slow the process, but there are no refrigerators in space, and salt is often used to help preserve foods," says Vickie Kloeris of NASA. "We have to be very careful of that." By the Apollo missions, NASA had developed a nutritionally balanced menu with a wide variety of options. Of course, all the items were freeze-dried or heat- treated to kill bacteria, and they didn't look like regular food.Today, the most elaborate outer-space meals are consumed in the International Space Station (ISS), where astronauts enjoy everything from steak to chocolate cake. The ISS is a joint venture between the U.S. and Russia, and diplomatic guidelines dictate the percentage of food an astronaut must eat from each country. NASA's food laboratory has 185 different menu items, Russia offers around 100, and when Japan sent up its first crew member in 2008, about 30 dishes came with him. Due to dietary restrictions and storage issues, astronauts still can't eat whatever they want whenever they feel like it.In 2008, NASA astronaut and ISS crew member Sandra Magnus became the first person to try to cook a meal in space. It took her over an hour to cook onions and garlic in the space station's food warmer, but she managed to create a truly delicious dish: grilled tuna (金枪鱼) in a lemon-garlic-ginger sauce---eaten from a bag, of course.69. Which of the following is true about the early space meals?A. They had to be eaten from a bag.B. They tasted better than they looked.C. They could not make eating as easy as possible.D. They were not nutritious enough for astronauts.70. It seems that astronauts' weight loss ______.A. was an unusual problem among astronautsB. was what puzzled the early scientistsC. caused new problems in space flightsD. drew the attention of the general public71. According to Vickie Kloeris, serving a low-salt diet in space ______.A. is easier said than doneB. is not absolutely necessaryC. has worked as expectedD. will be the future trend72. In the International Space Station,______.A. there is enough space to store enough foods for astronautsB. there is a selection of flavored foods from a dozen countriesC. astronauts in general prefer foods from their own countriesD. astronauts' need to eat their favorite foods can't always be met73. It can be learned that Sandra Magnus' cooking in space ______.A. left much to be desiredB. wasn't worth the effortC. was quite satisfactoryD. has inspired the others74. The passage mainly introduces ______.A. the variety of food options in spaceB. the dietary need of astronauts in spaceC. the problems of living in the space stationD. the improvement of food offered in spacePassage FiveIs it possible to be both fat and fit--not just fit enough to exercise, but fit enough to live as long as someone a lot lighter? Not according to a 2004 study from the Harvard School of Public Health which looked at 115,000 nurses aged between 30 and 55. Compared with women who were both thin and active, obese (overweight) but active women had a mortality rate that was 91% higher. Though far better than the inactive obese (142% higher), they were still worse off than the inactive lean (5% higher). A similar picture emerged in 2008 after researchers examined 39,000 women with an average age of 54. Compared with active women of normal weight, the active but overweight were 54% more likely to develop heart disease.That's settled, then. Or is it? Steven Blair, a professor of exercise science at the University of South Carolina, describes the official focus on obesity as an "obsession ... and it's not grounded in solid data".Blair's most fascinating study, in the Journal of the American Medical Association in 2007, took 2,600 people aged 60 and above, of various degrees of fatness, and tested their fitness on the exercise device, rather than asking them to quantify it themselves. This is an unusually rigorous approach, he claims, since many rival surveys ask participants to assess their own fitness, or ignore it as a factor altogether."There is an 'association' between obesity and fitness," he agrees, "but it is not perfect. As you progress towards overweight, the percentage of individuals who are fit does go down. But here's a shock: among class Ⅱ obese individuals [with a body mass index between 35 and 39.9], about 40% or 45% are still fit. You simply cannot tell by looking whether someone is fit or not. When we look at these mortality rates in fatpeople who are fit, we see that the harmful effect of fat just disappears: their death rate during the next decade is half that of the normal weight people who are unfit." One day--probably about a hundred years from now--this fat-but-fit question will be answered without the shadow of a doubt. In the meantime, is there anything that all the experts agree on? Oh yes: however much your body weighs, you'll live longer if you move it around a bit.75. It can be learned that the 2008 research ______.A. posed a challenge to the 2004 studyB. confirmed the findings of the 2004 studyC. solved the problems left behind by the 2004 studyD. had a different way of thinking from the 2004 study76. Steven Blair probably describes the previous studies as ______.A. unreliableB. uncreativeC. unrealisticD. untraditional77. The major difference between Blair's study and the previous research is that______.A. Blair excluded the participants' fitness as a factorB. Blair guessed the participants' fitness after weighing themC. Blair required the participants to assess their own fitnessD. Blair evaluated the participants' fitness through physical tests78. Blair's study proves that ______.A. the weight problem should be taken seriouslyB. weight and fitness are strongly connectedC. it is possible to be both fat and fitD. fat people have a higher death rate79. It can be seen from the description of these studies that the author ______.A. shows no preference for any researcherB. finds no agreement between the researchersC. obviously favors the Blair studyD. obviously favors the Harvard study80. The purpose of writing this passage is to ______.A. call on people to pay attention to weight problemB. present the different findings of various weight studiesC. compare the strength and weakness of different studiesD. offer suggestions on how to remain fit and live longerPAPER TWOPART ⅤTRANSLATIONSection ADirections: Put the following paragraph into Chinese. Write your Chinese version in the proper space on Answer Sheet Ⅱ.The reason for not classifying carbon dioxide as a pollutant is that it is a natural component of the atmosphere and needed by plants to carry out biological synthesis. No one would argue that carbon dioxide is a necessary component of the atmosphere any more than one would argue the fact that Vitamin D is necessary in the human diet. However, excess intake of Vitamin D can be extremely toxic. Living systems, be they an ecosystem or an organism, require that a delicate balance be maintained between certain compounds in order for the system to function normally. When the excess presence of one substance threatens the wellbeing of an ecosystem, it becomes toxic despite the fact that it is required in small quantities.Section B。
2002年全国硕士研究生考试英语试卷及答案
2002年全国硕士研究生考试英语试卷及答案National Entrance Test of English for MA/MS Candidates(2002)考生注意事项1．考生必须严格遵守各项考场规则，得到监考人员指令后方可开始答题。
2．答题前，考生应将答题卡上的“考生姓名”、“报考单位”、“考试语种”、“考生编号”等信息填写清楚，并与准考证上的一致。
3．全国硕士研究生入学考试英语分为试题（一）、试题（二）。
4．本试题为试题（一），共4页（1～4页）。
考生必须在规定的时间内作答。
5．试题（一）为听力部分。
该部分共有A、B、C三节，所有答案都应填写或填涂在答题卡1上。
A、B两节必须用蓝（黑）圆珠笔答题，注意字迹清楚。
C节必须用2B铅笔按照答题卡上的要求填涂，如要改动，必须用橡皮擦干净。
6．听力考试进行时，考生应先将答案写或标记在试题上，然后在听力部分结束前专门留出的5分钟内，将答案整洁地誊写或转涂到答题卡1上。
仅写或标记在试题上不给分。
Section I Listening ComprehensionDirections:This Section is designed to test your ability to understand spoken English. You will hear a selection of recorded materials and you must answer the questions that accoMPAny them. There are three parts in this section, Part A, Part B and Part C.Remember, while you are doing the test, you should first put down your answers in your test booklet. At the end of the listening comprehension section, you will have 5 minutes to transfer all your answers from your test booklet to ANSWER SHEET 1.Now look at Part A in your test booklet.Part ADirections:For Questions 1-5, you will hear an introduction about the life of Margaret Welch. While you listen, fill out the table with the information you've heard. Some of the information has been given to you in the table. Write only 1 word or number in each numbered box. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the table below. (5 points)Welch's Personal InformationPlace of BirthPhiladelphiaYear of Birth1901Transfer to Barnard University (Year)1920Major at University1Final DegreePhDYear of Marriage1928Growing Up In New Guinea Published (Year)2Field Study in the South Pacific (Age)3Main Interest4Professorship at Columbia Started (Year)5Death (Age)77Part BDirections:For questions 6-10, you will hear a talk by a well-known U.S. journalist. While you listen, complete the sentences or answer the questions. Use not more than 3 words for each answer. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the sentences and questions below. (5 points)Besides reporters, who else were camped out for days outside the speaker's home?6One reporter got to the speaker's apartment pretending to pay7 The speaker believed the reporter wanted a picture of her looking8 Where is a correction to a false story usually placed?9According to the speaker, the press will lost readers unless the editors and thenews directors10Part CDirections:You will hear three pieces of recorded material. Before listening to each one, you will have time to read the questions related to it. While listening, answer each question by choosing A, B, C or D. After listening, you will have time to check your answers. You will hear each piece once only. (10 points)Questions 11 - 13 are based on a report about children's healthy development. You now have 15 seconds to read Questions 11 - 13.11. What unusual question may doctors ask when giving kids a checkup next time?［A］How much exercise they get every day.［B］What they are most worried about.［C］How long their parents accoMPAny them daily.［D］What entertainment they are interested in.12. The academy suggests that children under age two .［A］get enough entertainment.［B］have more activities.［C］receive early education.［D］have regular checkups.13. According to the report, children's bedrooms should .［A］be no place for play.［B］be near a common area.［C］have no TV sets.［D］have a computer for study.Questions 14 - 16 are based on the following talk about how to save money. You now have 15 seconds to read Questions 14 - 16.14. According to the speaker, what should one pay special attention to if he wants to save up?［A］Family debts. ［B］Bank savings.［C］Monthly bills. ［D］Spending habits.15. How much can a person save by retirement if he gives up his pack-a-day habit?［A］$190,000.［B］$330,000.［C］$500,000.［D］$1,000,000.16. What should one do before paying monthly bills, if he wants to accumulate wealth?［A］Invest into a mutual fund.［B］Use the discount tickets.［C］Quit his eating-out habit.［D］Use only paper bills and save coins.Questions 17-20 are based on an interview with Herbert A. Glieberman, a domestic-relations lawyer. You now have 20 seconds to read Questions 17 - 20.17. Which word best describes the lawyer's prediction of the change in divorce rate?［A］Fall.［B］Rise. ［C］V-shape.18. What do people nowadays desire to do concerning their marriage?［A］To embrace changes of thought.［B］To adapt to the disintegrated family life.［C］To return to the practice in the '60s and '70s.［D］To create stability in their lives.19. Why did some people choose not to divorce 20 years ago?［A］They feared the complicated procedures.［B］They wanted to go against the trend.［C］They were afraid of losing face.［D］they were willing to stay together.20. Years ago a divorced man in a coMPAny would have .［A］been shifted around the country.［B］had difficulty being promoted.［C］enjoyed a happier life.［D］tasted little bitterness of disgrace.You now have 5 minutes to transfer all your answers from your test booklet to ANSWER SHEET 1.THIS IS THE END OF SECTION IDO NOT READ OR WORK ON THE NEXT SECTIONUNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO CONTINUE全国硕士研究生入学考试英语试题（二）National Entrance Test of English for MA/MS Candidates(2002)考生注意事项1．考生必须严格遵守各项考场规则，得到监考人员指令后方可开始答题。
研究生学位英语汉翻英真题
学位英语汉翻英真题
• 2008年6月 • 中国一直有重视教育的传统，尤其是儿童的教育。许多家长让孩子参
加各种培训班，以增加被理想中学录取的可能性。但专家们指出，保 持儿童对科学的好奇和兴趣有助于其智力发展。一个没有创造力和想 象力的儿童很难有所作为。 • 参考译文： • Traditionally, the Chinese people have attached importance to education, especially the education of children. Many parents have their children attend various training courses to increase their chance of being admitted by the ideal / expected high schools. Experts, however, point out that keeping children curious about and interested in science will facilitate their intellectual development. A child without any creativity and imagination can hardly go very far.
学位英语汉翻英真题
• 2005年6月 • 人人都有追求幸福的权利，但对幸福的定义却因人而异。绝大多数人
认为幸福来自于健康的身体、愿望的实现和事业有成。正如经常发生 的那样，许多人在遇到痛苦时才意识到幸福的真正含义。 • 参考译文： • Everyone has the right to pursue happiness (to the pursuit of happiness), yet (/but) definitions of happiness vary from person to person (are quite individualistic). Most people agree that happiness stems from good health, fulfillment of a desire and a successful career. As often happiness (is often the case), many people don’t recognize (realize) what happiness really means (the real meaning of happiness) until they are distressed (agonized / in agony).
2013年学位英语考试真题及答案
2013年学位英语考试真题及答案The 2013 Degree English Exam was a crucial test for many students looking to further their education. With a mix of reading comprehension, writing, listening, and speaking sections, the exam aimed to assess students' English proficiency and readiness for higher education.Here are the exam questions and answers for the 2013 Degree English Exam:Reading Comprehension:1. According to the passage, what are the benefits of studying abroad?Answer: The benefits of studying abroad include exposure to different cultures, language immersion, and the opportunity to gain a global perspective.2. What is the main idea of the passage?Answer: The main idea of the passage is that studying abroad can be a transformative experience that offers many benefits to students.Writing Section:1. Write an essay discussing the impact of technology on education.Answer: Technology has revolutionized education in many ways, making learning more accessible and interactive. It has also created new challenges, such as distractions and privacy concerns.Listening Section:1. Listen to the conversation and answer the following questions:What time does the library close on weekdays?Answer: The library closes at 10:00 pm on weekdays.Speaking Section:1. Choose a topic and give a three-minute presentation.Answer: Students could choose from a variety of topics, such as the importance of education, the impact of social media, or the benefits of studying abroad.Overall, the 2013 Degree English Exam was a comprehensive test that required students to demonstrate their English skills in a variety of areas. By successfully completing the exam, studentscould prove their readiness for higher education and open up new opportunities for their future.。
2002年考研英语真题及答案
2002年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题及答案Section I Listening ComprehensionDirections:This section is designed to test your ability to understand spoken English. You will hear a selection of recorded materials and you must answer the questions that accompany them. There are three parts in this Section, Part A, Part B and Part C. Remember, while you are doing the test, you should first put down your answers in your test booklet. At the end of the listening comprehension section, you will have 5 minutes to transfer all your answers from your test booklet to ANSWER SHEET 1. Now look at Part A in your test booklet.Part ADirections:For Questions 1 - 5, you will hear an introduction about the life of Margaret Welch. While you listen, fill out the table with the information you've heard. Some of the information has been given to you in the table. Write only 1 word or number in each numbered box. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the table below. (5 points)Welch's Personal InformationPlace of Birth PhiladelphiaYear of Birth 1901Transfer to Barnard University (Year) 1920Major at University1Final Degree PhDYear of Marriage 1928Growing Up In New Guinea Published (Year)2Field Study in the South Pacific (Age)3Main Interest4Professorship at Columbia Started (Year)5Death (Age) 77Part B Directions:For questions 6 - 10, you will hear a talk by a well-known U.S. journalist. While you listen, complete the sentences or answer the questions. Use not more than 3 words for each answer. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the sentences and questions below. (5 points)Besides reporters, who else were camped out for days outside6the speaker's home?One reporter got to the speaker's apartment pretending to pay7The speaker believed the reporter wanted a picture of her looking8Where is a correction to a false story usually placed?9According to the speaker, the press will lose readers unless the 10editors and the news directorsPart C Directions:You will hear three pieces of recorded material. Before listening to each one, you will have time to read the questions related to it. While listening, answer each question by choosing A, B, C or D. After listening, you will have time to check your answers. You will hear each piece once only. (10 points)Questions 11 - 13 are based on a report about children's healthy development. You now have 15 seconds to read Questions 11 - 13.11. What unusual question may doctors ask when giving kids a checkup next time?[A] How much exercise they get every day.[B] What they are most worried about.[C] How long their parents accompany them daily.[D] What entertainment they are interested in.12. The academy suggests that children under age two[A] get enough entertainment.[B] have more activities.[C] receive early education.[D] have regular checkups.13. According to the report, children's bedrooms should[A] be no place for play.[B] be near a common area.[C] have no TV sets.[D] have a computer for study.Questions 14 - 16 are based on the following talk about how to save money. You now have 15 seconds to read Questions 14 - 16.14. According to the speaker, what should one pay special attention to if he wants to save up?[A] Family debts.[B] Bank savings.[C] Monthly bills.[D] Spending habits.15. How much can a person save by retirement if he gives up his pack-a-day habit?[A] $190,000.[B] $330,000.[C] $500,000.[D] $ 1,000,000.16. What should one do before paying monthly bills, if he wants to accumulate wealth?[A] Invest into a mutual fund.[B] Use the discount tickets.[C] Quit his eating-out habit.[D] Use only paper bills and save coins.Questions 17 - 20 are based on an interview with Herbert A. Glieberman,domestic-relations lawyer. You now have 20 seconds to read Questions 17 - 20.17. Which word best describes the lawyer's prediction of the change in divorce rate?[A]Fall.[B] Rise.[C] V-shape.[D] Zigzag.18. What do people nowadays desire to do concerning their marriage?[A] To embrace changes of thought.[B] To adapt to the disintegrated family life.[C] To return to the practice in the '60s and '70s.[D] To create stability in their lives.19. Why did some people choose not to divorce 20 years ago?[A] They feared the complicated procedures.[B] They wanted to go against the trend.[C] They were afraid of losing face.[D] They were willing to stay together.20. Years ago a divorced man in a company would have[A] been shifted around the country.[B] had difficulty being promoted.[C] enjoyed a happier life.[D] tasted little bitterness of disgrace.You now have 5 minutes to transfer all your answers from your test booklet to ANSWER SHEET 1.全国硕士研究生入学考试英语（二）National Entrance Test Of English for MA／MS Candidates(2002)考生注意事项1.考生必须严格遵守各项考场规则，得到监考人员指令后方可开始答题。
2002年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语全文翻译
2002年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语全文翻译S e c t i o n I I U s e o fE n g l i s h人们曾对20世纪电视的发展和15㊁16世纪印刷术的传播进行过比较㊂然而,在这两个时段之间发生了很多事情㊂正如前面所讲的,直到19世纪,报纸才继宣传册和书之后,与期刊一起,成为电子时代到来前主要的传播手段㊂正是在这段时间,通信革命也加快了步伐,从铁路运输开始,发展到电报㊁电话㊁飞机和电影,直到20世纪的汽车和飞机㊂并不是每一个人都能正确地看待(通信革命的发展)这一进程,而做到这一点是非常重要的㊂然而,人们普遍认为20世纪初期计算机的出现,及随后60年代集成电路的发明,极大地改变了这一进程,尽管它对媒体的影响并没有立即见效㊂随着时间的推移,计算机变得越来越小,功能却更加强大㊂而且随着显示效果越来越清晰及存储量越来越大,电脑已不只是团体机构的用具,也成了个人的用具,像人一样,电脑也按 代 来划分,而且代与代之间的间隔越来越小㊂正是在计算机时代, 信息社会 这个词语开始被广泛地用于描述我们生活的环境㊂通信革命改变了我们的工作和休闲方式,同时也改变了我们对时间和空间的思考和感知方式㊂但对这一革命在经济㊁政治㊁社会和文化上的影响,人们还有争议㊂人们把它带来的益处和产生的弊端进行了权衡,但很难得出一个概括性的结论㊂S e c t i o n I I I R e a d i n g C o m p r e h e n s i o nP a r tAT e x t1如果你想在谈话中用幽默语言使人发笑,你必须知道如何识别你与其他人共同的经历和共同的问题㊂你的幽默必须与听众有关,应该向他们显示你是他们中的一员,你了解他们的情况,赞同他们的观点㊂根据你谈话的对象的不同,问题也有所不同㊂如果你在和一群经理谈话,你就可以提及他们秘书的工作缺乏条理;相反,如果你在同一群秘书谈话,你就可以评论他们老板的工作方法紊乱㊂例如,我曾在一次护士集会上听到一个笑话,这个笑话很有效,因为所有听的人对医生的看法都很一致㊂一个人到了天堂,由圣彼得带着四处参观㊂他看到了豪华的住宅㊁美丽的花园㊁明媚的天气等等㊂所有人都很平和㊁礼貌和友善,然而在排队等候午餐时,这位新来的人突然被一位穿白外套的人推到一旁㊂只见这人挤到了队伍的前头,抓过他的食物,咚咚地旁若无人地走到一张餐桌旁㊂ 这是谁啊? 新来的人问圣彼得㊂ 哦,那是上帝, 他回答说, 但有时他认为自己是一名医生㊂如果你是你谈话对象中的一分子,你就能够了解你们所共有的经历和问题,你就可对餐厅中难以下咽的食物或总裁在选择领带方面差劲的品味进行评头论足㊂对于其他听众,你就不能试图插入这种幽默,因为他们不喜欢外人对他们的餐厅和总裁有如此微词㊂如果你选择去评论邮局或电话局这样的替罪羊,那你就会很安全㊂如果你在幽默时感到很别扭,你必须进行练习使它变得更自然㊂插入一些很随便的显然是即兴的话,并用轻松的㊁不做作的方式表达出来㊂常常是你说话的方式使听众发笑,因此说慢一些,并且记住扬起眉毛或者做出一个不相信的表情都会向人们显示你正在说笑话㊂留意幽默,它常常出奇不意㊂对一句引语的歪曲如 你要是一开始未成功,就放弃 ,或者运用双关和对某种情景开玩笑㊂留意夸张和重事轻说的说法㊂考虑一下你的谈话,选出一些词汇和句子,你可以把它们变化一下,添加一些幽默㊂T e x t2从人类发明创造的初期至今,人们一直在设计日益巧妙的工具,来处理那些危险的㊁枯燥的㊁繁重的和令人讨厌的工作㊂由于人们不愿从事这些工作,因此便有了机器人学 一种将人类的各种技能赋予机器的科学㊂虽然科学家们仍然没有实现科幻小说的幻想,但他们已经开始接近这个目标了㊂因此,智能仪器日益充斥现代世界,我们平时很少注意到它们,而它们的普遍存在已经节省了许多劳力㊂我们的工厂里轰鸣着机器人生产线的节奏声;我们的金融服务由自动柜员机完成,完成业务后,它们还会机械地㊁有礼貌地谢谢我们;我们的地铁车辆由不知疲倦的机器人驾驶㊂由于电子和微型机械仪器的不断缩小,现在已有一些机器人系统能够进行精确到毫米以下的某些脑部和骨骼手术 这要比技术相当娴熟的医生仅凭双手精确得多㊂但是如果要让机器人更进一步起到帮人类省力的效用,它们必须能够在人类指导减少的情况下自我运作,并能独立进行一些决策 这是一个真正的挑战㊂ 虽然我们知道如何让机器人去处理一个特定的问题, N A S A的机器人计划经理D a v eL a v e r y说, 我们仍然不能赋予机器人以足够的 常识 ,以使它们能够与动态的世界进行可靠的交流㊂的确,对真正的人工智能的要求带来了各种各样的结果㊂虽然一开始在20世纪60和70年代有一个乐观的开端,仿佛晶体管电路和微处理器将在2010年前能够模仿人类大脑的活动,但是最近研究人员已经开始将这个预测延后数十年,甚至数百年㊂在试图构建思维模型的过程中,研究人员发现,人类大脑中的一千亿个神经细胞要比以前想像的更聪明,人类的感觉器官也比以前想像的更复杂㊂用人脑建造的机器人在严格控制的工厂环境里,能够识别仪表盘上毫米以下的误差㊂但是人的大脑能够扫描一个快速变化的场景,迅速排除98%的不相干的信息,立即聚焦于森林里蜿蜒道路旁的一只猴子,或者一大群人中一张可疑的面孔㊂世界上最先进的计算机系统都不能达到这样的能力,并且神经学科学家仍然不知道我们是怎样做到这一点的㊂T e x t3过去经济衰退的可怕日子是否又将来临?自从3月份石油输出国组织决定减少原油供应以来,原油的价格已经从去年12月份的不到10美元一桶上升到大约26美元一桶㊂油价近三倍的上涨令人回想起了1973年的石油冲击,那时油价涨了四倍;还有1979 1980年,那时油价也涨了近三倍㊂前两次油价暴涨都造成了两位数的通货膨胀率和全球性经济衰退㊂那么这次警告人们厄运来临的头版新闻都到哪里去了?这个星期因伊拉克停止石油出口,油价又一次被抬升㊂强劲的经济增长势头,加上北半球冬季的到来,可能在短期内使油价涨得更高㊂然而,我们有充分的理由相信这次油价暴涨在经济上造成的后果不会像20世纪70年代那么严重㊂在多数国家,原油价格在汽油价格中所占比例比20世纪70年代要小㊂在欧洲,税收在汽油零售价中所占的比例可高达五分之四,因此即使原油价格大幅上涨,它对油品零售价格的影响也比过去要小㊂发达国家对石油的依赖性也不如从前,因此对油价的波动也不那么敏感了㊂能源储备㊁燃料替代和能源密集型的重工业的重要性的降低都减少了石油的消耗量㊂软件㊁咨询和移动通讯所用的石油要比汽车和钢铁生产少得多㊂发达国家的G D P中每一美元(以不变价格计算)所消耗的石油量比1973年要少近50%㊂国际经合组织在其最近一期的‘经济展望“中估计,如果石油价格在一年中平均为每桶22美元,与1998年的每桶13美元相比,仅使发达国家的石油进口在支出上增加G D P的0.25%至0.5%㊂这将比1974或1980年收入上的1/4损失要小㊂另一方面,进口石油的新兴经济国家由于转向了重工业,消耗能量更大,因此将受到更严重的冲击㊂另外一个不应因油价上涨而失眠的原因是,这次不同于20世纪70年代,油价上涨并未在普遍商品价格上涨和全球需求过旺的背景之下发生㊂世界的一大部分地区刚刚才从经济衰退中解脱出来㊂‘经济学家“的商品价格指数与一年前相比基本未变㊂在1973年,商品价格上涨了70%,而1979年也上涨了近30%㊂T e x t4最高法院关于医生协助病人自杀问题的判决对于医学如何寻求减轻垂危病人的痛苦有着重要的意义㊂虽然法院在判决中认为,宪法没有赋予医生协助病人自杀的权利,然而它实际上认可了医疗界的 双重效果 原则,这个古老的道德原则认为,这个存在了好几个世纪的道德原则认为,如果某种行为具有双重效果(希望达到的好效果和可以预见得到的坏效果),那么,只要行为实施的目的是想达到好的效果,这个行为就是可以被允许的㊂近年来医生一直利用这个原则,为他们使用大剂量吗啡来控制临死病人的痛苦提供正当理由,即使增加剂量最终会杀死这个病人㊂M o n t e f i o r e医疗中心主任N a n c y D u b l e r认为,这一原则将会保护这样一些医生, 他们直到现在都一直坚持认为,如果给病人足量的药物来止痛会加快他们的死亡,就不能那样做㊂ 波士顿大学卫生法律系主任G e o r g eA n n a s认为,只要医生开的药物是出于合法的医疗目的,他就没有做违法的事情,即使病人服用这些药物而加速死亡㊂ 这就好比外科手术, 他说道, 我们并不把这种死亡称作他杀㊂因为医生并未想要杀死他们的病人,虽然他们拿病人的生命冒险㊂如果你是医生,你可以冒病人自杀的风险,只要你没有想要他们自杀㊂ 在另一个层面上,很多医疗界人士承认,致使对医生协助性自杀的争论升温的部分原因是病人的绝望情绪,对他们来说,现代医学延长了临终前肉体的痛苦㊂在法院对医生协助性自杀做出判决前仅三周,国家科学院发布了一个两卷本的报告:‘走近死亡:完善临终护理“㊂报告中指出医院临终护理中存在的两个问题:对病痛处理不力和大胆使用 无效而强制性的医疗程序,这些程序可能会延长死亡期,甚至会让死亡过程很难堪 ㊂医疗行业正在采取措施,要求年轻医生到晚期病人医院接受训练,对各种大胆的镇痛疗法知识进行评估,为医院护理制定一个医疗保险付款条例,并且为评估和处理临终病痛建立新的标准㊂A n n a s说,律师可以在要求医疗界把这些善意的医疗行为变成更好的护理行动方面发挥关键的作用㊂ 不少医生对病人所遭受的毫无必要,可以预见的痛苦无动于衷 ,以至到了 故意虐待病人 的地步,他说, 行医资格理事会必须明确表明:病人痛苦地死亡,可以推定是由医生处理不力造成的,应该因此吊销其行医执照 ㊂P a r t B几乎我们所有的问题都涉及到人类行为,这些问题仅靠物理学和生物技术是不能解决的㊂我们需要的是一门行为技术,但是发展行为技术需要科学为基础,在这方面,我们一直滞后㊂(61)难题之一在于所谓的行为科学几乎全都依然从心态㊁情感㊁性格特征㊁人性等方面去寻找行为的根源㊂物理学和生物学一度使用类似的方法,而且当它们放弃这些方法后才得以向前发展㊂(62)行为科学之所以发展缓慢,部分原因是用来解释行为的依据似乎往往是直接观察到的,部分原因是其他的解释方式一直难以找到㊂环境固然重要,但其作用至今仍不明显㊂环境的作用并不是促进或拉动,而是进行选择,这种作用发现和分析起来都很困难㊂(63)自然选择在进化中的作用仅在一百多年前才得以阐明,而环境在塑造和保持个体行为时的选择作用则刚刚开始被认识和研究㊂然而,随着有机体和环境之间的相互作用逐渐为人们所了解,一度被认为是由思维㊁感情㊁性格产生的影响现在被追溯到人们可以理解的环境上去了,因而,建立行为技术也就成为了可能㊂然而,除非行为技术取代科学出现之前形成的传统观念,否则它无法解决我们的问题,而这些传统观念已经根深蒂固㊂自由和尊严就能说明困难程度㊂(64)它们是传统理论定义的自主人所拥有的,是要求一个人对自己的行为负责并因其业绩而给予肯定的必不可少的前提㊂科学分析把责任和成就转向了环境㊂这也引发了关于 价值 的问题㊂谁来使用这一技术,又要达到何种目的?(65)(如果)这些问题得不到解决,研究行为的技术手段就会继续受到排斥,解决问题的唯一方式可能也随之继续受到排斥㊂。
2002年考研英语真题答案及解析
2002年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题答案与解析第一部分英语知识应用试题解析一、文章总体分析本文主要介绍了计算机的发展对通信革命及人们的生存方式产生的影响。
文章第一段从早期的通信革命入手，指出在15、16世纪和20世纪之间发生了很多事情，特别是通信革命加快了步伐。
第二段接着提到20世纪计算机的出现极大地改变了这一进程。
第三段指出随着计算机的发展，我们步入了一个信息社会。
在计算机影响下，通信革命改变了我们的工作和休闲方式，也影响了我们的思考和感知方式。
在结尾部分，文章提到，当然，关于这种通信革命在经济、政治、社会和文化各方面的影响是利大于弊还是弊大于利，还存在争议。
二、试题具体解析1.[A]between在…当中，在空间、位置或时间的中间[B]before在此之前早些时候，在…前面[C]since自从…以后，以前[D]later后来，稍后，随后[答案]A[解析]本题考核的知识点是：时间副词的用法辨析。
解此题关键看两个方面，一是理解文章第一句话的含义：人们曾对20世纪电视的发展以及15世纪和16世纪印刷术的传播进行了比较。
二是注意转折连词yet的用法，yet一般标志着接下来的内容与前面的内容出现了较大的不同，如：She said she would be late,yet she arrived on time.（她说她会迟到，但她却准时到达了）。
文中第二句话结构非常简单，主语和谓语都无法体现与第一句话的强烈对照，这时只能通过空格里填入的时间状语来体现了，因此这个时间副词应与第一句话中的时间状语in the20th century和in the15th and16th centuries相呼应并对照。
接下来关键看这个时间副词表示的是哪个时间段，15、16世纪之前，20世纪之后还是两者之间。
其实我们从下文中的the19th century也可以推断出正确答案是between，即“然而，在这两个时段之间却发生了很多事情”。
2002年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题参考答案
2002年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题参考答案参考答案Section Ⅰ Listening ComprehensionPart A1 sociology2 19303 234 religions5 1954Part B6 cameramen / camera men7 a personal visit8 depressed9 among advertisements 10 take firm actionPart C11.D 12.B 13.C 14.D 15.B 16.A 17.A 18.D 19.C 20.BSection Ⅱ Use of English21.A 22.D 23.C 24.B 25.B 26.A 27.D 28.D 29.C 30.B 31.D 32.A 33.A 34.C 35.B 36.D 37.A 38.C 39.B 40.CSection Ⅲ Reading Comprehension41.C 42.B 43.D 44.D 45.A 46.C 47.C 48.D 49.B 50.C 51.B 52.D 53.D 54.A 55.A 56.B 57.C 58.B 59.A 60.D答案解析Section ⅠListening Comprehension听力部分原文Part AM：Margaret Welch was born in Philadelphia in 1901.She began her studies at DePauw University in 1919，but after a year she transferred to study at Barnard University，Majoring in sociology.She received her undergraduate degree from Barnard in 1923.She ultimately acquired a PhDfrom Columbia University in 1929.She married Dr.Reo Fortune in 1928. Together they wrote Growing Up In New Guinea，published in 1930.Welch worked with her husband on another book called Balanese Character that was published in 1942.At the age of 23，Dr.Welch undertook a field study in the South Pacific.The experience resulted in her writing of her highly popular bookComing of Age In Samoa，published in 1928.Dr.Welch s interests andwritings centered on religions.She worked in the Department of Anthropology at the American Museum of Natural History from 1926 through to the end of her life.She was a professor of anthropology at Columbia starting in the year 1954，working with her old associate Ruth Benedict. She wrote a book entitled An Anthropologist At Work about Benedict.It was published in 1959.Margaret Welch died in 1978.W：You now have 30 seconds to check you answers to Questions 1-5.Part BW：When I was getting divorced in 1975，reporters and cameramen were camped out for days in the lobby and on the sidewalk outside.They came from all over the country.Foreign reporters too.It was terrible.My neighbors could barely get in and out of the building. One reporter，who had been a friend of mine，got up to my apartment after persuading the doorman into believing that he was there on a personal visit.I wouldnt let him in .He just wanted to talk，he said.I was certain that he had a camera and wanted a picture of me looking depressed.I just couldn t believe this attempt to invade my is the reporters present themselves as having the perfect right to be anywhere，to ask any question.It doesn t matter how personal the matter may be.People don t trust the press the way they used to. In most cases，stories are sensationalized in order to attract more public attention. Some papers print things that simply are not true.In many papers，if acorrection has to be made，it s usually buried among advertisements.I ve received hundreds of letters from people asking me how do you know what s true in the press these days.I find it difficult to respondsometimes.I tell them that there are good newspapers and serious，responsible and honest reporters.Don t judge all of us by the standardsof the bad ones.Unless the guys at the top—the editors and the news directors-take firm action，pretty soon no one is going to believe anything they read in the papers of see on television news.M：You now have 50 seconds to check your answers to Questions 6-10.Part C（一）M：Next time you bring your kids in for a checkup，don t be surprisedif the doctor asks about their tastes in entertainment.The American Academy of Medicine suggested last week that doctors work with parents to evaluate how much TV kids watch and what they see， what video and computer games they play，which websites they visit on the Internet，whether they view R-rated videos without the company of their parents，what music they like and what books they read.Doctors are worried thatkids who spend too much time in front of the tube don t get enoughexercise and can become overweight.The academy is also concerned that the messages kids get from entertainment media can make them more violent and sexually active.The academy recommends that children under age two not watch any TV.“Children need activities to stimulate the brain during the first twoyears of life，”says Dr.Miriam Baron，who chairs the academy s committeeon public education.“They need feedback and socialization.”Older children，she says，should watch TV in a common area.Their bedrooms should be “electronic media-free”zones where they can have a quiet place to read，study，play or just relax.W：You now have 30 seconds to check your answers to Questions 11-13.（二）W：If you re in your 20s，you own your first car，your career is more or less launched，and you re starting to look forward to owning a home.But you re worried，too.Perhaps you ve got some debt.You probably don t have much in the way of savings.And with all your expenses，it doesn t look like you ll be able to improve that situationsoon.If you wonder how to cut corners，there s an obvious place to look-at your spending habits.Do you buy a soda each weekend？Waste $ 1 a day for 40 years and，when you re set to retire，you ll find your account is short by $ 190，000.Grab a calculator and you ll discover that，over 40 years going outto dinner twice a month at $ 40 each time amounts to half a million.Even a pack-a day cigarette habit will lighten your retirement account by $ 330，000.And the same with cable TV and those cool earrings.They will probably amount to as much as one million.So，the first clue to accumulating wealth is this：focus on your spending habits.Here are a couple of tricks to help you save even if youswear you can t afford to. Stop buying things that fall rather than risein value.Pay yourself first：Before you pay the monthly bills，send $ 25 to a mutual fund. Stop spending coins.From nwo on，spend only paper currency，and keep the change every day.Get your family involved，and youll double your e discount tickets at the supermarket—butuse them correctly.How？ If you really want to make these tickets worthwhile，you actually must invest into your mutual fund the amount yousave by using the tickets.Otherwise，you re wasting your time—and yourmoney.M：You now have 30 seconds to check your answers to Questions 14-16.（三）W：Mr. Glieberman，do you see any change in the high rate of broken marriages？M：The divorce rate is beginning to level off and probably will begin to drop in the next year or two，though not significantly.The tight economy has made it more difficult for troubled couples to handle all the costs associated with setting up separate house-holds.Also，I believe theres a comeback of thought—after the turbulent60s and70s—that thefamily does have value.In the midst of change and family disintegration，people seem to have a greater desire now to create stability in their lives.W：What is the divorce rate now？M：About 1 in 3 marriages ends in divorce，a ratio far higher than it was 20 years ago when the philosophy was “We ll tough it out no matter what.Society demands that，for appearances sake，we stay together.”Divorce no longer carries much disgrace.There s no way，for example，that Ronald Reagan，a divorced man，could have been elected President in 1960.And there are countless other divorced politicians who years ago would have been voted out of office if they had even considered a divorce，let alone gotten one.The same was true in the corporate structure，where divorced people rarely moved up the executive ladder.Now corporations welcome a divorced man，because they can shift him around the country without worrying about relocating his family or making certain that they are happy.W：You now have 40 seconds to check your answers to Questions 17-20.Section Ⅱ Use of English21［答案］A［注释］本题固然涉及副词的使用知识，然而，更重要的是考查考生句与句之间语义逻辑的理解能力。
研究生英语学位课统考(GET)模拟试卷1(题后含答案及解析)
研究生英语学位课统考（GET）模拟试卷1(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1.B．Paragraph 2.C．Paragraph 3.D．Paragraph 4.正确答案：C解析：文章第三段最后两句都是在讲“the destruction done by oil companies”，故选C项。
TRANSLATIONSection A Put the following paragraph into Chinese.61．The main impression growing out of twelve years on the faculty of a medical school is that the No. 1 health problem in the U.S. today, even more than AIDS or cancer, is that Americans don’t know how to distinguish between health and illness. We fear the worst, expect the worst, thus invite the worst and the result is that we are becoming a nation of weaklings and hypochondriacs, a self-medicating society incapable of distinguishing between casual, everyday symptoms and those that require professional attention.正确答案：一所医学院的工作人员历时十二年形成了这样的大致印象：如今美国的头号健康问题是美国人分不清健康与疾病。
这种症状比艾滋病或癌症更为严重。
我们担心会染上重病，设想自己得了重病，因此就真的染上了重病。
2002年考研英语真题及解析
2002年全国攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试英语试题Section I Use of EnglishDirections：Read the following text.Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C OR D on ANSWER SHEET 1.(10points)Comparisons were drawn between the development of television in the 20th century and the diffusion of printing in the 15th and 16th centuries.Yet much had happened 1.As was discussed before,it was not 2the 19th century that the newspaper became the dominant pre-electronic_3_，following in the wake of the pamphlet and the book and in the 4of the periodical.It was during the same time that the communications revolution 5up,beginning with transport,the railway,and leading 6through the telegraph,the telephone,radio,and motion pictures 7the 20th century world of the motor car and the air plane.Not everyone sees that Process in 8.It is important to do so.It is generally recognized,9,that the introduction of the computer in the early 20th century,10by the invention of the integrated circuit during the 1960s,radically changed the process,11its impact on the media was not immediately 12.As time went by,computers became smaller and more powerful,and they became “personal”too,as well as 13,with display becoming sharper and storage 14increasing.They were thought of,like people,15generations,with the distance between generations much 16.It was within the computer age that the term “information society”began to be widely used to describe the 17within which we now live.The communications revolution has 18both work and leisure and how we think and feel both about place and time,but there have been 19view about its economic,political,social and cultural implications.“Benefits”have been weighed 20“harmful”outcomes.And generalizations have proved difficult.1.［A］between［B］before ［C］since ［D］later 2.［A］after［B］by ［C］during ［D］until 3.［A］means［B］method ［C］medium ［D］measure 4.［A］process［B］company ［C］light ［D］form 5.［A］gathered［B］speeded ［C］worked ［D］picked 6.［A］on［B］out ［C］over ［D］off 7.［A］of［B］for ［C］beyond ［D］into 8.［A］concept［B］dimension ［C］effect ［D］perspective 9.［A］indeed［B］hence ［C］however ［D］therefore 10.［A］brought［B］followed ［C］stimulated ［D］characterized 11.［A］unless［B］since ［C］lest ［D］although 12.［A］apparent ［B］desirable ［C］negative ［D］plausible 供学习参考Q13.［A］institutional ［B］universal ［C］fundamental ［D］instrumental 14.［A］ability ［B］capability ［C］capacity ［D］faculty 15.［A］by means of ［B］in terms of ［C］with regard to ［D］in line with 16.［A］deeper ［B］fewer ［C］nearer ［D］smaller 17.［A］context ［B］range ［C］scope ［D］territory 18.［A］regarded ［B］impressed ［C］influenced ［D］effected 19.［A］competitive ［B］controversial ［C］distracting ［D］irrational 20.［A］above ［B］upon ［C］against ［D］withSection II Reading ComprehensionPart A Directions:Read the following four texts.Answer the questions below each text by choosing [A],[B],[C]or [D].Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.(40points)Text 1If you intend using humor in your talk to make people smile,you must know how to identify shared experiences and problems.Your humor must be relevant to the audience and should help to show them that you are one of them or that you understand their situation and are in sympathy with their point of view.Depending on whom you are addressing,the problems will be different.If you are talking to a group of managers,you may refer to the disorganized methods of their secretaries;alternatively if you are addressing secretaries,you may want to comment on their disorganized bosses.Here is an example,which I heard at a nurses’convention,of a story which works well because the audience all shared the same view of doctors.A man arrives in heaven and is being shown around by St.Peter.He sees wonderful accommodations,beautiful gardens,sunny weather,and so on.Everyone is very peaceful,polite and friendly until,waiting in a line for lunch,the new arrival is suddenly pushed aside by a man in a white coat,who rushes to the head of the line,grabs his food and stomps over to a table by himself.“Who is that?”the new arrival asked St.Peter.“Oh,that’s God,”came the reply,“but sometimes he thinks he’s a doctor.”If you are part of the group which you are addressing,you will be in a position to know the experiences and problems which are common to all of you and it’ll be appropriate for you to make a passing remark about the inedible canteen food or the chairman’s notorious bad taste in ties.With other audiences you mustn’t attempt to cut in with humor as they will resent an outsider making disparaging remarks about their canteen or their chairman.You will be on safer ground if you stick to scapegoats like the Post Office or the telephone system.If you feel awkward being humorous,you must practice so that it becomes more natural.Include a few casual and apparently off-the-cuff remarks which you can deliver in a relaxed and unforced manner.Often it’s the delivery which causes the 供学习参考Qaudience to smile,so speak slowly and remember that a raised eyebrow or an unbelieving look may help to show that you are making a light-hearted remark.Look for the humor.It often comes from the unexpected.A twist on a familiar quote “If at first you don’t succeed,give up”or a play on words or on a situation.Search for exaggeration and understatement.Look at your talk and pick out a few words or sentences which you can turn about and inject with humor.21.To make your humor work,you should.[A]take advantage of different kinds of audience[B]make fun of the disorganized people[C]address different problems to different people[D]show sympathy for your listeners22.The joke about doctors implies that,in the eyes of nurses,they are.[A]impolite to new arrivals[B]very conscious of their godlike role[C]entitled to some privileges[D]very busy even during lunch hours23.It can be inferred from the text that public services .[A]have benefited many people[B]are the focus of public attention[C]are an inappropriate subject for humor[D]have often been the laughing stock24.To achieve the desired result,humorous stories should be delivered.[A]in well-worded language[B]as awkwardly as possible[C]in exaggerated statements[D]as casually as possible25.The best title for the text may be .[A]Use Humor Effectively[B]Various Kinds of Humor[C]Add Humor to Speech[D]Different Humor Strategies Text 2Since the dawn of human ingenuity,people have devised ever more cunning tools to cope with work that is dangerous,boring,burdensome,or just plain nasty.That compulsion has resulted in robotics —the science of conferring various human capabilities on machines.And if scientists have yet to create the mechanical version of science fiction,they have begun to come close.As a result,the modern world is increasingly populated by intelligent gizmos whose presence we barely notice but whose universal existence has removed much human labor.Our factories hum to the rhythm of robot assembly arms.Our banking is done at automated teller terminals that thank us with mechanical politeness for the 供学习参考Qtransaction.Our subway trains are controlled by tireless robot-drivers.And thanks to the continual miniaturization of electronics and micro-mechanics,there are already robot systems that can perform some kinds of brain and bone surgery with submillimeter accuracy—far greater precision than highly skilled physicians can achieve with their hands alone.But if robots are to reach the next stage of laborsaving utility,they will have to operate with less human supervision and be able to make at least a few decisions for themselves—goals that pose a real challenge.“While we know how to tell a robot to handle a specific error,"says Dave Lavery,manager of a robotics program at NASA,“we can't yet give a robot enough ‘common sense’to reliably interact with a dynamic world.”Indeed the quest for true artificial intelligence has produced very mixed results.Despite a spell of initial optimism in the 1960s and 1970s when it appeared that transistor circuits and microprocessors might be able to copy the action of the human brain by the year 2010,researchers lately have begun to extend that forecast by decades if not centuries.What they found,in attempting to model thought,is that the human brain's roughly one hundred billion nerve cells are much more talented—and human perception far more complicated—than previously imagined.They have built robots that can recognize the error of a machine panel by a fraction of a millimeter in a controlled factory environment.But the human mind can glimpse a rapidly changing scene and immediately disregard the 98percent that is irrelevant,instantaneously focusing on the monkey at the side of a winding forest road or the single suspicious face in a big crowd.The most advanced computer systems on Earth can't approach that kind of ability,and neuroscientists still don’t know quite how we do it.26.Human ingenuity was initially demonstrated in .[A]the use of machines to produce science fiction.[B]the wide use of machines in manufacturing industry.[C]the invention of tools for difficult and dangerous work.[D]the elite’s cunning tackling of dangerous and boring work.27.The word “gizmos”(line 1,paragraph 2)most probably means .[A]programs ［B］experts ［C］devices ［D］creatures28.According to the text,what is beyond man's ability now is to design a robotthat can.[A]fulfill delicate tasks like performing brain surgery.[B]interact with human beings verbally.[C]have a little common sense.[D]respond independently to a changing world.29.Besides reducing human labor,robots can also .[A]make a few decisions for themselves.[B]deal with some errors with human intervention.[C]improve factory environments.[D]cultivate human creativity.供学习参考Q30.Theauthor uses the example of a monkey to argue that robots are .[A]expected to copy human brain in internal structure.[B]able to perceive abnormalities immediately.[C]far less able than human brain in focusing on relevant information.[D]best used in a controlled environment.Text 3Could the bad old days of economic decline be about to return?Since OPEC agreed to supply-cuts in March,the price of crude oil has jumped to almost $26a barrel,up from less than $10last December.This near-tripling of oil prices calls up scary memories of the 1973oil shock,when prices quadrupled,and 1979-1980,when they also almost tripled.Both previous shocks resulted in double-digit inflation and global economic decline.So where are the headlines warning of gloom and doom this time?The oil price was given another push up this week when Iraq suspended oil exports.Strengthening economic growth,at the same time as winter grips the northern hemisphere,could push the price higher still in the short term.Yet there are good reasons to expect the economic consequences now to be less severe than in the 1970s.In most countries the cost of crude oil now accounts for a smaller share of the price of petrol than it did in the 1970s.In Europe,taxes account for up to four-fifths of the retail price,so even quite big changes in the price of crude have a more muted effect on pump prices than in the past.Rich economies are also less dependent on oil than they were,and so less sensitive to swings in the oil price.Energy conservation,a shift to other fuels and a decline in the importance of heavy,energy-intensive industries have reduced oil consumption.Software,consultancy and mobile telephones use far less oil than steel or car production.For each dollar of GDP (in constant prices)rich economies now use nearly 50%less oil than in 1973.The OECD estimates in its latest Economic Outlook that,if oil prices averaged $22a barrel for a full year,compared with $13in 1998,this would increase the oil import bill in rich economies by only 0.25-0.5%of GDP.That is less than one-quarter of the income loss in 1974or 1980.On the other hand,oil-importing emerging economies—to which heavy industry has shifted—have become more energy-intensive,and so could be more seriously squeezed.One more reason not to lose sleep over the rise in oil prices is that,unlike the rises in the 1970s,it has not occurred against the background of general commodity-price inflation and global excess demand.A sizable portion of the world is only just emerging from economic decline.The Economist’s commodity price index is broadly unchanging from a year ago.In 1973commodity prices jumped by 70%,and in 1979by almost 30%.31.The main reason for the latest rise of oil price is_______[A]global inflation.[B]reduction in supply.[C]fast growth in economy.[D]Iraq’s suspension of exports.32.It can be inferred from the text that the retail price of petrol will go up 供学习参考Qdramatically if______.[A]price of crude rises.[B]commodity prices rise.[C]consumption rises.[D]oil taxes rise.33.The estimates in Economic Outlook show that in rich countries_______.［A］heavy industry becomes more energy-intensive.［B］income loss mainly results from fluctuating crude oil prices.［C］manufacturing industry has been seriously squeezed.［D］oil price changes have no significant impact on GDP.34.We can draw a conclusion from the text that_______.［A］oil-price shocks are less shocking now.［B］inflation seems irrelevant to oil-price shocks.［C］energy conservation can keep down the oil prices.［D］the price rise of crude leads to the shrinking of heavy industry.35.From the text we can see that the writer seems__________.［A］optimistic.［B］sensitive.［C］gloomy.［D］scared.Text 4The Supreme Court’s decisions on physician-assisted suicide carry important implications for how medicine seeks to relieve dying patients of pain and suffering.Although it ruled that there is no constitutional right to physician-assisted suicide,the Court in effect supported the medical principle of “double effect”,a centuries-old moral principle holding that an action having two effects—a good one that is intended and a harmful one that is foreseen—is permissible if the actor intends only the good effect.Doctors have used that principle in recent years to justify using high doses of morphine to control terminally ill patients’pain,even though increasing dosages will eventually kill the patient.Nancy Dubler,director of Montefiore Medical Center,contends that the principle will shield doctors who “until now have very,very strongly insisted that they could not give patients sufficient medication to control their pain if that might hasten death”.George Annas,chair of the health law department at Boston University,maintains that,as long as a doctor prescribes a drug for a legitimate medical purpose,the doctor has done nothing illegal even if the patient uses the drug to hasten death.“It’s like surgery,”he says.“We don’t call those deaths homicides because the doctors didn’t intend to kill their patients,although they risked their death.If you’re a physician,you can risk your patient’s suicide as long as you don’t intend their suicide.”On another level,many in the medical community acknowledge that the assisted-suicide debate has been fueled in part by the despair of patients for whom modern medicine has prolonged the physical agony of dying.Just three weeks before the Court’s ruling on physician-assisted suicide,the National Academy of Science (NAS)released a two-volume report,Approaching Death:Improving Care at the End of Life .It identifies the undertreatment of pain and the aggressive use of “ineffectual and forced medical procedures that may prolong and 供学习参考Qeven dishonor the period of dying”as the twin problems of end-of-life care.The profession is taking steps to require young doctors to train in hospices,to test knowledge of aggressive pain management therapies,to develop a Medicare billing code for hospital-based care,and to develop new standards for assessing and treating pain at the end of life.Annas says lawyers can play a key role in insisting that these well-meaning medical initiatives translate into better care.“Large numbers of physicians seem unconcerned with the pain their patients are needlessly and predictably suffering”,to the extent that it constitutes “systematic patient abuse”.He says medical licensing boards “must make it clear...that painful deaths are presumptively ones that are incompetently managed and should result in license suspension”.36.From the first three paragraphs,we learn that.[A]doctors used to increase drug dosages to control their patients’pain[B]it is still illegal for doctors to help the dying end their lives[C]the Supreme Court strongly opposes physician-assisted suicide[D]patients have no constitutional right to commit suicide37.Which of the following statements its true according to the text?[A]Doctors will be held guilty if they risk their patients’death.[B]Modern medicine has assisted terminally ill patients in painless recovery.[C]The Court ruled that high-dosage pain-relieving medication can beprescribed.[D]A doctor’s medication is no longer justified by his intentions.38.According to the NAS’s report,one of the problems in end-of-life care is .[A]prolonged medical procedures [B]inadequate treatment of pain[C]systematic drug abuse [D]insufficient hospital care39.Which of the following best defines the word “aggressive”(line 4,paragraph7)?[A]Bold.[B]Harmful.[C]Careless.[D]Desperate40.George Annas would probably agree that doctors should be punished if they .[A]manage their patients incompetently[B]give patients more medicine than needed[C]reduce drug dosages for their patients[D]prolong the needless suffering of the patientsPart BDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese.Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2.(10points)Almost all our major problems involve human behavior,and they cannot be solved by physical and biological technology alone.What is needed is a technology of behavior,but we have been slow to develop the science from which such a technology 供学习参考Qmight be drawn.（41）One difficulty is that almost all of what is called behavioral science continues to trace behavior to states of mind,feelings,traits of character,human nature,and so on.Physics and biology once followed similar practices and advanced only when they discarded them.（42）The behavioral sciences have been slow to change partly because the explanatory items often seem to be directly observed and partly because other kinds of explanations have been hard to find.The environment is obviously important,but its role has remained obscure.It does not push or pull,it selects ,and this function is difficult to discover and analyze.（43）The role of natural selection in evolution was formulated only a little more than a hundred years ago,and the selective role of the environment in shaping and maintaining the behavior of the individual is only beginning to be recognized and studied.As the interaction between organism and environment has come to be understood,however,effects once assigned to states of mind,feelings,and traits are beginning to be traced to accessible conditions,and a technology of behavior may therefore become available.It will not solve our problems,however,until it replaces traditional prescientific views,and these are strongly entrenched.Freedom and dignity illustrate the difficulty.（44）They are the possessions of the autonomous（self-governing）man of traditional theory,and they are essential to practices in which a person is held responsible for his conduct and given credit for his achievements.A scientific analysis shifts both the responsibility and the achievement to the environment.It also raises questions concerning “values”.Who will use a technology and to what ends?（45）Until these issues are resolved,a technology of behavior will continue to be rejected,and with it possibly the only way to solve our problems.Section III Writing 46.Directions:Study the following picture carefully and write an essay entitled “Cultures National and International”.In the essay you should1.describe the picture and interpret its meaning,and2.give your comment on the phenomenon.You should write about 200words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2.(20points)供学习参考QAn American girl in traditional Chinese costume （服装）供学习参考Q第一部分英语知识应用试题解析一、文章总体分析本文主要介绍了计算机的发展对通信革命及人们的生存方式产生的影响。
02-10年研究生学位英语真题答案
研究生英语学位课统考真题答案：1999.11-10 ADCAC, BBCDB 11-20 CDBDC, DDDAA 21-30 AACCB, CACDA31-40 BCBBD, ADADB 41-50 DCDAC, CABCD 51-60 BACAC, DBADC61-70 CDCCC, DBDDB 71-80 ACCAD, CCABB技术进步再次突发部分地是由于不同领域多年研究而达到蓄势终发的结果。
因特网是在90 年代中期才渐显商业价值。
第一例基因叠接试验早在1973 年做成，但基因技术直至现在才形成一触即发之势。
此外，由于快速计算机极大地提高了科学家对基因的了解和操作水平，创新浪潮借势发展，彼此促进。
反之，生物技术看起来是明天新一代计算机的最佳基础，两者将更是相得益彰。
Basically, the value of knowledge economy lies in the fact that it is changing the separation among economy, society and the environment, solving the crisis brought about by the traditional civilization, of the relation between human beings and nature and that between human beings and society, and propelling the development of human society from the low-sustained civilization to the high-sustained one.1999.61-10 BDCAB, BACDA 11-20 CBBCA, BCDBD 21-30 DABCB, DABAC 31-40 DAAAD, ABBCD41-50 CABCA, CBCDA 51-60 ABDCB, DDBAD 61-70 DACBA, CBCDC 71-80 AADAD, CCBAC在一个讲究人际往来的社会，人与人之间的亲密关系至关重要。
2013年学位英语考试真题及答案
2013年学位英语考试真题及答案全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇12013年学位英语考试真题及答案Part I Reading Comprehension (30 minutes)Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the statement.Passage 1Only M ary’s mother and father approved of her color, there appeared a little more approval than disapproval, even among the neighbors; and certainly this approval was enough to persist by Mary. For the most part she regarded herself as a pleasant person, and she seemed to have no particular gift of color. The growth of flowers was not easy in her care, and she didn’t seem to recognize what color was in her environment, or in herself, nor did she seem much to care about it in her choice of clothes, which she usually chose with regard to the possibility of having them caught on the edge of unfamiliar objects.1. Mary inherited from her parents ___________.A. a poor backgroundB. an enviable careerC. an agreeable personalityD. a sense of color2. Mary’s attitude towards color is best described as ___________.A. indifferentB. pleasedC. talentedD. concerned3. The passage suggests that Mary ___________.A. is very skilled in gardeningB. shows little concern for her appearanceC. is prone to accidentsD. is very popular with her neighborsAnswer: 1. C 2. A 3. BPassage 2It was Sunday, April 5, 1953. The day was clear. Fresh snow had fallen the night before, and now, in the brilliant sunshine, the snow and the buildings were twenty shades of blue and green and reflected off the faces of the people passing by the windows of Katharine Hepburn’s New York apartment.A. All answers are given.B. All questions are correct.C. The day was April 5th, 1993.D. Fresh snow had fallen the day before.4. What was the date of the passage?A. July 5, 1953B. April 5, 1953C. May 5, 1953D. June 5, 19535. What was the weather like on that day?A. cloudyB. rainyC. snowyD. sunny6. What’s the topic of this passage?A. The weatherB. Actor Katharine Hepburn’s apartmentC. An event in 1953D. New YorkAnswer: 4. B 5. D 6. BPart II Vocabulary and Structure (10 minutes)Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence.7. Why not take both shirts? You _____________ want a change later.A. mayB. mustC. needn’tD. would8. The door was knocked loudly _______ the doorbell, and then a moment later therewas a heavy tread in the hall.A. beforeB. afterC. besideD. beside of9. The unconscious mind sometimes breaks into_________________ with expressionsof resistance.A. silentB. silenceC. silentlyD. quietAnswer: 7. A 8. B 9. CPart III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Directions: There are three passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the statement.Passage 1Professor Smith’s presentation on ancient Roman architecture was both informative and engaging. She demonstrated her extensive knowledge on the subject through detailed explanations and engaging visuals. The audience was captivated by her enthusiasm and passion for the topic.10. What was the topic of Professor Smith’s presentation?A. Ancient Roman ArtB. Modern ArchitectureC. Greek MythologyD. Medieval History11. How did the audience react to Professor Smith’s presentation?A. BoredB. CaptivatedC. ConfusedD. Disinterested12. What did Professor Smith use to support her presentation?A. VisualsB. Audio recordingsC. Written notesD. Hand gesturesAnswer: 10. A 11. B 12. APassage 2As technology advances, society becomes increasingly reliant on digital devices for communication and information. While these devices offer convenience and efficiency, they also raise concerns about privacy and security. It is important for individuals to be aware of the risks and take steps to protect their data.13. What is a major concern regarding digital devices?A. ConvenienceB. EfficiencyC. PrivacyD. Security14. Why is it important for individuals to be aware of risks associated with digital devices?A. To increase convenienceB. To enhance securityC. To maintain privacyD. To reduce efficiency15. What steps can individuals take to protect their data?A. Ignore the risksB. Share personal information freelyC. Use strong passwordsD. Keep devices unlockedAnswer: 13. C 14. C 15. CPart IV Translation (15 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are required to translate a passage from English into Chinese. You should write your answer in the corresponding space on the Answer Sheet.16. Despite facing numerous challenges, the team never gave up and eventually achieved their goal.Answer: 尽管面临诸多挑战，这支团队从未放弃，最终实现了他们的目标。
2013年考研英语二真题全文翻译答案超详解析
2013年考研英语二真题全文翻译答案超详解析2013 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（二）试题答案与解析Section I Use of English一、文章题材结构分析本文主要分析了无现金社会为何迟迟不来的原因。
第一段是文章的中心段落，指出真正的无现金社会很可能不会马上到来。
第二、三段从电子支付设备昂贵、纸质支票提供收据、使用纸质支票能获得浮存利息以及电子支付方式存在的安全隐私问题四个方面分析纸币系统得以继续存在的理由。
二、试题解析1．【答案】A （However）【解析】空前作者讲到“鉴于电子货币的优势,你也许会认为,我们将快速步入无现金社会,实现完全电子支付。
”而空后说“真正的无现金社会很可能不会马上到来”，两者之前出现了明显的转折关系，因此答案A。
B. moreover 表递进C.therefore 表结果D. Otherwise 表对比2．【答案】D （around）【解析】由空格所在句的“but”得知，句子前后是转折关系。
事实上,这样的预测已经二十年了,但迄今还没有实现。
A. off 停止; B. back 返回; C. over 结束，与后文均不构成转折，故答案选 D. around 出现。
3．【答案】B （concept）【解析】空格所在的句子意思为例如, 1975 年《商业周刊》预测电子支付手段不久将“彻底改变货币本身的____”将四个选项带入，能够彻底改变的对象只能是金钱的概念（定义），而A“力量”,C“历史”,D“角色”，语义都不恰当，并且如果选择role 的话，应该是复数roles, 因为是金钱的作用不止一个，故答案选B。
4．【答案】D （reverse）【解析】空格填入的动词跟前面的动词revolutionize （变革）意思上应该是同义替换的，要选择含有变革，彻底改变意思的词汇，四个选项中 A. reward 奖励 B. 抵抗 C. resume 重新开始，继续，都不合适，只有 D 选项reverse“颠覆”最为贴切，本句译为“电子支付方式不久将改变货币的定义,并将在数年后颠覆货币本身。
2002考研英语真题(英一二通用)答案+解析
2002年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题全国硕士研究生入学考试英语试题(一)Section I Listening ComprehensionDirections:This Section is designed to test your ability to understand spoken English.You will hear a selection of recorded materials and you must answer the questions that accompany them.There are three parts in this section,Part A,Part B and Part C.Remember,while you are doing the test,you should first put down your answers in your test booklet.At the end of the listening comprehension section,you will have5minutes to transfer all your answers from your test booklet to ANSWER SHEET1.Now look at Part A in your test booklet.Part ADirections:For Questions1-5,you will hear an introduction about the life of Margaret Welch.While you listen,fill out the table with the information you’ve heard.Some of the information has been given to you in the table.Write only1word or number in each numbered box.You will hear the recording twice.You now have25seconds to read the table below.(5points)Death(Age)77Part BDirections:For questions6-10,you will hear a talk by a well-known U.S.journalist.While you listen, complete the sentences or answer the e not more than3words for each answer.You will hear the recording twice.You now have25seconds to read the sentences and questions below.(5points)Besides reporters,who else were camped out for days6outside the speaker’s home?One reporter got to the speaker’s apartment7 pretending to pay.The speaker believed the reporter wanted a picture of8her lookingWhere is a correction to a false story usually placed?9According to the speaker,the press will lose readers10unless the editors and the news directorsPart CDirections:You will hear three pieces of recorded material.Before listening to each one,you will have time to read the questions related to it.While listening,answer each question by choosing[A],[B],[C] or[D].After listening,you will have time to check your answers.You will hear each piece once only.(10points)Questions11-13are based on a report about children’s healthy development.You now have15 seconds to read Questions11-13.11.What unusual question may doctors ask when giving kids a checkup next time?[A]Howmuch exercise they get every day.[B]What they are most worried about.[C]How long their parents accompany them daily.[D]What entertainment they are interested in.12.The academy suggests that children under age two________.[A]get enough entertainment[B]have more activities[C]receive early education[D]have regular checkups13.According to the report,children’s bedrooms should________.[A]be no place for play[B]be near a common area[C]have no TV sets[D]have a computer for studyQuestions14-16are based on the following talk about how to save money.You now have15 seconds to read Questions14-16.14.According to the speaker,what should one pay special attention to if he wants to save up?[A]Family debts.[B]Bank savings.[C]Monthly bills.[D]Spending habits.15.How much can a person save by retirement if he gives up his pack-a-day habit?[A]$190,000.[B]$330,000.[C]$500,000.[D]$1,000,000.16.What should one do before paying monthly bills,if he wants to accumulate wealth?[A]Invest into a mutual fund.[B]Use the discount tickets.[C]Quit his eating-out habit.[D]Use only paper bills and save coins.Questions17-20are based on an interview with Herbert A.Glieberman,a domestic-relations lawyer.You now have20seconds to read Questions17-20.17.Which word best describes the lawyer’s prediction of the change in divorce rate?[A]Fall[B]Rise[C]V-shape[D]Zigzag18.What do people nowadays desire to do concerning their marriage?[A]To embrace changes of thought.[B]To adapt to the disintegrated family life.[C]To return to the practice in the‘60s and‘70s.[D]To create stability in their lives.19.Why did some people choose not to divorce20years ago?[A]They feared the complicated procedures.[B]They wanted to go against the trend.[C]They were afraid of losing face.[D]they were willing to stay together.20.Years ago a divorced man in a company would have________.[A]been shifted around the country.[B]had difficulty being promoted.[C]enjoyed a happier life.[D]tasted little bitterness of disgrace.You now have5minutes to transfer all your answers from your test booklet to ANSWER SHEET1.THIS IS THE END OF SECTION IDO NOT READ OR WORK ON THE NEXT SECTIONUNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO CONTINUE全国硕士研究生入学考试英语试题(二)National Entrance Test of English for MA/MS Candidates(2002)考生注意事项1.考生必须严格遵守各项考场规则，得到监考人员指令后方可开始答题。
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2002年1月Regrettably for many in Silicon Valley, the ability to make accurate forecasts can depend on how well-established a company’s products are. Young industries on steep growth curves are almost always surprised by how well their products do in the first few y ears, and then they’re at a loss when demand falls. Says a Stanford University business strategy professor, “In a highly dynamic and unpredictable market people are going to make mistakes. It’s inherent in the type of business.”In many corners of Silicon Valley----and elsewhere ----unpredictability is inevitable. One solution: keep innovating but develop sound service businesses to sell with products. Building a “very strong service business”, a company president says, smoothes out the rough spots between innovations.对于一个公司产品的准确预测取决于该公司产品的知名度。
对于许多硅谷人来说，这一点令人感到无可奈何。
成长呈急剧上升趋势的新兴产业对其产品在最初几年的出色表现几乎总是惊讶不已，随后，当产品需求下降时他们又会感到手足无措。
斯坦福大学的一位商业策略教授说：“在一个充满活力和变数的市场，人们是会犯错误的。
这是由市场的内在本质所决定的。
”在硅谷的许多地方，以及在其他的地方，不可预测性是无法避免的。
解决之道是：不断创新，但同时又要开发出优良的服务项目与产品一道出售。
一位公司总裁说，“出色的服务”会抹平新产品换代过程中出现的不足。
2002年6月The nations meeting here in Shanghai understand what is at stake. If we don’t stand against terrorism now, every civilized nation will at some point be its target. We will defeat the terrorists by destroying their network, wherever it is found. We will also defeat the terrorists by building an enduring prosperity that promises more opportunity and better lives for all the world’s people.The countries of the Pacific Rim made the decision to open themselves up to the world, and the result is one of the great development success stories of our time. The peoples of this region are more prosperous, healthier, and better educated than they were only two decades ago. And this progress has proved what openness can accomplish.在上海的与会各国都意识到了目前的危机。
如果现在不制止恐怖主义，每个文明国家在将来的某个时候都会成为恐怖主义者的袭击目标。
我们将通过摧毁任何地方的恐怖主义网络来打败他们。
同时，我们也将通过建立能给世界人民带来更多的机会和更美好的生活的持久繁荣来打败他们。
环太平洋地区的国家自己决定向世界开放，结果使他们成为当代成功发展的范例之一。
与过去仅仅20年前相比，该地区人民的生活更加繁荣，身体更加健康，教育水准更高。
这样的进步证明了开放的无比威力。
2003年1月In the United States, the use of teleconferencing and videoconferencing rose by more than 50 percent last year, and more companies are thinking twice before sending large armies of employees on business excursion. Many medium-sized businesses expect their employees to travel in economy class, or stay over a Saturday night just to avoid getting stuck with too expensive full-price business fares. And more and more businesses are participating in "fractional jet ownership" schemes, in which companies buy shares in corporate jets, entitling their employees to a certain number of exclusive flying hours onboard.去年，在美国电话会议和远程可视会议的使用率增加了50%以上。
在派出大批员工出差时，越来越多的公司会慎重考虑。
许多中等规模的企业希望员工乘坐经济舱，或者周六在外面住一夜，省得花高价买全额商务舱机票。
而且，越来越多的企业加入了“部分飞机所有权”计划。
按照该计划，企业购买航空公司飞机的股份，这样可以给公司员工提供一定数量的包机时间。
2003年6月What’s strang e about man is that he has yet to learn to settle disputes by some means other than war. Not only does war take a heavy toll of lives, but leads to increased tension. The use of sophisticated weapons is apt to bring about disasters to human health, although the reluctance to eliminate weapons of mass destruction on the part of the big powers will not necessarily end up with conflicts. The chances are that man will have his own civilization destroyed if the notion of the survival of the fittest still applies to the international community. We can’t help wondering how many years it will take for the world to eliminate war once for all.人类的奇怪之处在于仍未学会以非战争的手段解决冲突。
战争不仅给生命造成重点损失，而且加剧紧张局势。
尽管大国不愿意销毁大规模杀伤性武器的心理不一定导致冲突，但尖端武器的使用会给人类健康带来灾难。
如果适者生存（或优胜劣汰）这一观念仍使用于国际社会，那么人类的文明就很可能遭到毁灭。
我们不禁要问世界需要多上年才能彻底消灭战争。
第一句2分。
不可接受的译文：（1）把has yet to译成“还要”。
（2）把other than 译成“而不是”。
第二句1分。
第三句3分，其中主句1分，从句2分。
第四句3分。
不可接受的译文：（1）把chances译成“机会”。
（2）把have his own civilization destroyed译成“让人毁灭”。
（3）未译出“适者生存”。
（4）把community译成“团体”或“社区”。
第五句1分。
2004年1月Although the Bush administration has pledged its commitment to have Iraqis run their government on their own, peace and order will be long in coming. On one hand, Saddam remains unaccounted for. On the other hand, surging violence, cases of bloodshed, suicide bombings and people taking to streets to protest have plunged the U.S. in an embarrassing situation. Recently, President Bush has made some remarks that appear intended to address criticism from the Democratic presidential candidates that top decision-makers failed to anticipate the mounting difficulties lying ahead. It’s hoped that the UN can get actively involved in the reconstruction of this war-torn country and play a more positive role in finding a peaceful solution to problems confronting Iraqis.尽管布什政府承诺让伊拉克人管理自己的政府，但和平和秩序还很遥远。