非谓语动词综合复习ppt
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2.完成式(having done):表示的动作发生发生 在谓语动词动作之前。
（四）doing语态的用法 观察：
Being repaired, this house cannot be entered. He came in without being asked. I don't mind being left at home.
His bike stolen, Tom had to walk home.
Thanks
I spent two hours in washing clothes.
1.一般式(doing)：表示的动作和谓语动词的动 作同时发生. 观察：
Having done the homework,he went to bed.
Tom was praised for having made great progress.
The question being discussed now is important.
3.过去分词作定语表被动完成。可转化为定语从句。
The question discussed yesterday is important. =The questionwhich is discuss yesterday is important.
He asked me to finish it in time. 2.doing作宾补，强调动作主动、正在进行，延 续性动作。
I heard Tom singing a song just now.
The teacher kept the student standing outside.
3.过去分词作宾补表示被动、完成，多强t you can make yourself heard.
We found the village greatly changed. (四）作表语 1.不定式作表语表具体动作，尤其是将要发生 的动作。
My job is to help the patient.(说明主语的具体内 容）
非谓语动词
-----综合复习
非谓语动词 的种类：
1.to do 2.doing 3.done
一、非谓语动词 的时态和语态
to do to be doing
doing
to have to be done done
to have been done
having being having done done been done
2.不定式的完成式（ to have done):表示的动作发 生在谓语动词动作之前。
观察：
The boy pretended to be reading when his mother came in.
3.不定式的进行式（to be doing)：表示在谓语 动词的动作发生时不定式的动作正在进行.
2.不定式作主语，常用it作形式主语，作主语的 不定式短语后置。
It's nice of you to say so.
3.doing在句型“it is no use(no good/useless/a waste of time) doing”中作主语，it 为形式主语。
(二)作宾语 1.doing作宾语表经常性、习惯性的行为，to do 作宾语表具体的、一次性动作.
The teacher walked into the classroom,followed by some students.
三、非谓语动词的几种特殊结构 (一) doing形式的复合结构
1.“形容词性物主代词或名词所有格+doing”构 成v-ing 复合结构。该结构中，物主代词和名词 所有格是逻辑上的主语。doing的复合结构在句 子中作主语、宾语。 Do you mind my smoking?
过去分词(done)本身表被动和已经完成的动作。
二、非谓语动词的句法功能
(一)作主语 Learning a foreign language is very useful.(抽象）
It is very useful for you to learn English well.(具 体） 1.doing和to do都可作主语，doing表一般或抽象 的行为；to do表具体的、一次性的动作。
当doing的逻辑主语与该动作之间为被动时，就 用doing的被动语态形式。
（五）过去分词 观察：You should practice more to improve your
spoken English.
The teacher walked into the classroom,followed by some students.
（五）作定语 1.不定式作定语表将要发生的动作且后置。 I have something important to say.
The question to be discussed tomorrowed will be important. 2.doing作前置定语(1)表被修饰名词的用途。 He has a reading room./a waiting room 2.doing作定语(2)表主动进行。可转换为定语从句。 a sleeping boy=a boy who is beautiful.
2.doing形式作表语表抽象的、一般性的行为； 或主语的特征。 My job is teaching English. His report is interesting. 3.过去分词作表语表示主语所处的状态。
The cups are broken. She is interested in the job.
（二）不定式被动语态的用法 观察：
It's an honour for me to be invited to the party.
当不定式的逻辑主语是不定式动作的承 受者时，不定式一般用被动语态
（三）doing时态的用法 观察：
Seeing from the tower, I find the city very beautiful.
To get there on time we set off early.(目的）
Tom hurried to the station only to find the train was off.(结果）
(六）作状语 2.doing作状语和逻辑主语之间为主动关系。 Seeing from the tower, I find the city very beautiful.
With so much work to do,I can't go with you today.
He lay in bed with his head covered.
She fell asleep with the light burning.
The teacher came into the classroom with a book
I like swimming,but I don't like to swim today.
2.后接to do或doing作宾语的动词(四类）。
(三)作宾语补足语 1.不定式作宾补和宾语有主谓关系强调动作已 经发生或表一次性动作。 I heard Tom sing a song just now.
done
（一）不定式时态的用法
观察：
He came here to borrow a book. We set off early to get there on time.
1.不定式的一般式（to do)：表示的动作和谓语动 词的动作同时发生或发生在谓语动词动作之后。 观察：
I am sorry to have kept you waiting for such a long time.
(二) with 的复合结构
2.with 的复合结构可以作后置定语 The boy with a book in his hands is my brother. (三) 独立主格结构 当分词作状语时，如果逻辑主语与句子的主语不 一致，就要用独立主格结构：“名词/代词 +doing/done”。 Weather permitting,we are going to the Great Wall tomorrow.
Tome's coming late made the teacher angry.
2.doing的复合结构作宾语时，逻辑主语常用名 词普通格或人称代词宾格形式。
Do you mind (my)me smoking?
I don't mind Tom's(Tom) smoking here.
(二) with 的复合结构 1.“with+宾语+补足语（adj/adv/to do/doing/done/prep phrase”构成with的复合结构。该 结构可在句子中作状语，表原因、伴随、方式等。 With the door open,he went to sleep.
Having lived in the counrtry for many years, he knows how to grow vegetables.
The teacher walked into the classroom,following some students.
(六）作状语 3.过去分词作状语和逻辑主语之间为被动关系。 Seen from the tower, the city looks very beautiful.
All the people invited to the meeting are VIP. =All the people who are invited to the meeting are VIP.
(六）作状语
1.不定式作状语通常表示（1）原因（2）目的 (可用in order to/so as to替换）（3）结果（only to do) We were very excited to hear the news.(原因）
（四）doing语态的用法 观察：
Being repaired, this house cannot be entered. He came in without being asked. I don't mind being left at home.
His bike stolen, Tom had to walk home.
Thanks
I spent two hours in washing clothes.
1.一般式(doing)：表示的动作和谓语动词的动 作同时发生. 观察：
Having done the homework,he went to bed.
Tom was praised for having made great progress.
The question being discussed now is important.
3.过去分词作定语表被动完成。可转化为定语从句。
The question discussed yesterday is important. =The questionwhich is discuss yesterday is important.
He asked me to finish it in time. 2.doing作宾补，强调动作主动、正在进行，延 续性动作。
I heard Tom singing a song just now.
The teacher kept the student standing outside.
3.过去分词作宾补表示被动、完成，多强t you can make yourself heard.
We found the village greatly changed. (四）作表语 1.不定式作表语表具体动作，尤其是将要发生 的动作。
My job is to help the patient.(说明主语的具体内 容）
非谓语动词
-----综合复习
非谓语动词 的种类：
1.to do 2.doing 3.done
一、非谓语动词 的时态和语态
to do to be doing
doing
to have to be done done
to have been done
having being having done done been done
2.不定式的完成式（ to have done):表示的动作发 生在谓语动词动作之前。
观察：
The boy pretended to be reading when his mother came in.
3.不定式的进行式（to be doing)：表示在谓语 动词的动作发生时不定式的动作正在进行.
2.不定式作主语，常用it作形式主语，作主语的 不定式短语后置。
It's nice of you to say so.
3.doing在句型“it is no use(no good/useless/a waste of time) doing”中作主语，it 为形式主语。
(二)作宾语 1.doing作宾语表经常性、习惯性的行为，to do 作宾语表具体的、一次性动作.
The teacher walked into the classroom,followed by some students.
三、非谓语动词的几种特殊结构 (一) doing形式的复合结构
1.“形容词性物主代词或名词所有格+doing”构 成v-ing 复合结构。该结构中，物主代词和名词 所有格是逻辑上的主语。doing的复合结构在句 子中作主语、宾语。 Do you mind my smoking?
过去分词(done)本身表被动和已经完成的动作。
二、非谓语动词的句法功能
(一)作主语 Learning a foreign language is very useful.(抽象）
It is very useful for you to learn English well.(具 体） 1.doing和to do都可作主语，doing表一般或抽象 的行为；to do表具体的、一次性的动作。
当doing的逻辑主语与该动作之间为被动时，就 用doing的被动语态形式。
（五）过去分词 观察：You should practice more to improve your
spoken English.
The teacher walked into the classroom,followed by some students.
（五）作定语 1.不定式作定语表将要发生的动作且后置。 I have something important to say.
The question to be discussed tomorrowed will be important. 2.doing作前置定语(1)表被修饰名词的用途。 He has a reading room./a waiting room 2.doing作定语(2)表主动进行。可转换为定语从句。 a sleeping boy=a boy who is beautiful.
2.doing形式作表语表抽象的、一般性的行为； 或主语的特征。 My job is teaching English. His report is interesting. 3.过去分词作表语表示主语所处的状态。
The cups are broken. She is interested in the job.
（二）不定式被动语态的用法 观察：
It's an honour for me to be invited to the party.
当不定式的逻辑主语是不定式动作的承 受者时，不定式一般用被动语态
（三）doing时态的用法 观察：
Seeing from the tower, I find the city very beautiful.
To get there on time we set off early.(目的）
Tom hurried to the station only to find the train was off.(结果）
(六）作状语 2.doing作状语和逻辑主语之间为主动关系。 Seeing from the tower, I find the city very beautiful.
With so much work to do,I can't go with you today.
He lay in bed with his head covered.
She fell asleep with the light burning.
The teacher came into the classroom with a book
I like swimming,but I don't like to swim today.
2.后接to do或doing作宾语的动词(四类）。
(三)作宾语补足语 1.不定式作宾补和宾语有主谓关系强调动作已 经发生或表一次性动作。 I heard Tom sing a song just now.
done
（一）不定式时态的用法
观察：
He came here to borrow a book. We set off early to get there on time.
1.不定式的一般式（to do)：表示的动作和谓语动 词的动作同时发生或发生在谓语动词动作之后。 观察：
I am sorry to have kept you waiting for such a long time.
(二) with 的复合结构
2.with 的复合结构可以作后置定语 The boy with a book in his hands is my brother. (三) 独立主格结构 当分词作状语时，如果逻辑主语与句子的主语不 一致，就要用独立主格结构：“名词/代词 +doing/done”。 Weather permitting,we are going to the Great Wall tomorrow.
Tome's coming late made the teacher angry.
2.doing的复合结构作宾语时，逻辑主语常用名 词普通格或人称代词宾格形式。
Do you mind (my)me smoking?
I don't mind Tom's(Tom) smoking here.
(二) with 的复合结构 1.“with+宾语+补足语（adj/adv/to do/doing/done/prep phrase”构成with的复合结构。该 结构可在句子中作状语，表原因、伴随、方式等。 With the door open,he went to sleep.
Having lived in the counrtry for many years, he knows how to grow vegetables.
The teacher walked into the classroom,following some students.
(六）作状语 3.过去分词作状语和逻辑主语之间为被动关系。 Seen from the tower, the city looks very beautiful.
All the people invited to the meeting are VIP. =All the people who are invited to the meeting are VIP.
(六）作状语
1.不定式作状语通常表示（1）原因（2）目的 (可用in order to/so as to替换）（3）结果（only to do) We were very excited to hear the news.(原因）