语法讲解--祈使句变间接引语

表示命令、请求的句子的间接引语
编稿：陈玉莲审稿：牛新阁
语法点拨
概念引入
“L ook at this example” the teacher said to us. →
The teacher told us to look at the example.
“Would you like to see my flat?” she asked→
She asked me to see her flat
语法讲解—祈使句的间接引语
直接引语为祈使句时，改为间接引语，用带to的不定式表达，谓语动词常是ask, advise, tell, warn, order, request等。

如ask sb.to do(由肯定祈使句变成)；ask sb. not to do(由否定祈使句变成)，并且在不定式短语中的时间状语、地点状语、人称及时态都作相应的变化。

The hostess said to us,“Please sit down.”女主人跟我们说：“请坐。

”
→The hostess asked us to sit down. 女主人请我们坐下。

Father said to him, “Go away!”父亲对他说：“走开！”
→Father ordered him to go away. 父亲命令他走开。

Mother said to me, “Come back before 10:00.”母亲对我说：“十点前回来。

”
→Mother told me to go back before 10:00. 母亲让我十点前回来。

He said, “Don’t make so much noise, boys.”他说：“孩子们，别弄出这么多噪音。

”
→He told the boys not to make so much noise. 他告诉孩子们不要弄出这么大噪音。

有些含有“建议”、“劝告”的祈使句，可用suggest, insist, offer等动词转述，如：
He said, “Let's have a rest.” 他说：“咱们休息一会儿吧。

”
→He suggested our having a rest. 他建议我们休息一会儿。

He said, “Let me help you.” 他说：“让我帮你吧。

”
→He offered to help me. 他表示愿意帮我。

“Don’t smoke in the room,”he said to me.他对我说：“不要在这房间里吸烟。

”
→He told me not to smoke in the room.他告诉我不要在房间里吸烟。

当直接引语形式上是疑问句，有表示请求、建议意义时，可用ask sb to do sth. /suggest doing/ advise sb. to do sth. 等形式转述。

“Would you mind opening the door?” he asked. 他问：“你介意打开窗户吗？”
→He asked me to open the door. 他让我打开窗户。

“Would you please pass me the book?”she said to me.她对我说：“请递给我那本书好吗？”
→She asked me to pass her the book.她让我递给她那本书。

“Why not go out for a walk?” he asked us. “为什么不出去走走呢？”他问我们。

→He advised us to go out for a walk. 他建议我们出去走走。

→He suggested we go out for a walk. 他建议我们出去走走。

直接引语是感叹句时，变间接引语可用what或how引导，也可用that引导，如：She said, “What a lovely day it is!” 她说：“多好的天气啊！”
→She said what a lovely day it was. 她说这是多么好的天气。

→She said that it was a lovely day. 她说这是一个好天气。

【高清课堂：直接引语变间接引语】
直接引语是祈使句时：
1.said/said to要变成begged/ advised /asked/told/ordered/warned等可跟不定式作宾补的动词。

2. 呼语变宾语，please要去掉。

3. Let’s 开头的祈使句。

I said to him, “Let’s start at once.”
→I suggested to him that we (should) start at once.
1. The man said to me, “Please send for a doctor now !”
The man ____ me ____ for a doctor ____.
A. ordered…to send…then
B. told …send…now
C. asked…to send…then
D. asked…send…now
2. The mother said, “Be friendly to others, son.”
The mother ______ friendly to others.
A. asked her son be
B. ordered her son to be
C. told her son be
D. told her son to be
第一题选C。

根据原句的语气，第一空排除A选项；根据ask/ told sb. to do sth结构，排除B、D选项。

第二题选D；根据原句的语气，第一空排除B选项order；根据ask/ told sb. to do sth结
构，排除A、C选项。

祈使句变为间接引语的规律：一改（主句谓语动词）
二变（呼语为宾语）
三加（动词前加to）
四去（please）■。