英语非谓语动词题的六大经典原则 丹阳中学 李兵
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2. _____ this cake, you’ll need 2 eggs, 175 g sugar and 175 g flour.(2006广东卷) A. Having made B. Make C. To make D. Making
原则二: 用作伴随状语,原则上要用-ing.
3.As the light turned green, I stood for a moment, not _____, and asked myself what I was going to do. (2007湖南卷) A. moved B. moving C. to move D. Being moved
原则三:用作结果状语时,可用-ing或不定式,其原则区别是, 一般用-ing,表示一定逻辑的结果,即结果在意料之中。 不定式用作结果状语表示非逻辑的结果,即结果在意料之外。 5. The glass doors have taken the place of the wooden ones at the entrance,_____ in the natural light during the day. (2007天津卷) A. to let B. letting C. let D. having let 【解析] 此处用-ing 表示自然而然的结果。 如:It rained heavily, causing severe flooding in that place. 大雨滂沱,造成了那个地方洪水泛滥。
原则一:用作目的状语,原则上用不定式.
原则二:用作伴随状语,原则上用-ing.
原则三:用作结果状语,可用-ing/ to do ,原则区别是: -ing 表示一定逻辑的结果,to do 表示非逻辑的结果。 原则四:非谓语动词作状语时,原则上其逻辑 主语应与主句主语保持一致。 原则五:强调动作发生在主句谓语动作之前,原则上 要用完成式(-ing 的完成式或不定式的完成式)
原则四:非谓语动词作状语时,其逻辑主语原则上应与 主句主语保持一致.
6. Faced facedwith witha bill for $10,000,_____. (2006陕西卷) A. John has taken an extra job B. the boss has given John an extra job C. an extra job has been taken D. an extra job has been given to John
【解析】由于与句子主语之间为主动关系,且表示当 时持续了一会 儿,故用-ing。句意为:当信号灯变绿时,我站在那儿一会儿没动, 心想自己该怎么办。 4.He hurried to the station, only ______ that the train had left. (2005广东卷) A. to find B. finding C. found D. to have found 【解析】only to do sth 在此表示出人意料的结果。
A. hold B. holding C. held D. to be held
11. There are hundreds of visitors visitors _____ in front of the Art Gallery to have a look at Van Gogh’s paintings.
原则六:用于名词后作定语,原则是:不定式表示动作尚未发生; -ing表示动作正在进行:过去分词表示动作完waited B. to wait C. waiting D. wait
Translate the following sentences into English.
已经 讨论了的问题。 1. 这是一个已经 正在 讨论的问题。 2. 这是一个正在 将要 讨论的问题。 3. 这是一个将要 discussed This is a problem discussed. (已经完成的被动动作) This is a problem being being discussed. discussed (正在进行的被动动作) This is a problem to tobe bediscussed. discussed (将要进行的被动动作)
(be) faced with…
watching 7. While watching television,_____. (2005全国卷III) A. the door bell rang B. the doorbell rings C. we heard the doorbell ring D. we heard the doorbell rings 【解析】因为 watching 的逻辑主语一定是人,排除选项 A 和 B ;又因在hear后作宾补的是省略了 to 的不定式, 所以选项 D 中的 rings 是错误的。
主讲教师:李兵 工作单位:博望新区丹阳中学
原则一:用作目的状语,原则上要用不定式
1. When asked why he went there, he said he was sent there _____ for a space flight. (2007江西卷) A. training B. being trained C. to have trained D. to be trained 【解析】由于进行航空飞行训练是他被派往那儿的目的,所以 要用不定式,因此可排除 A 和 B。另外,由于“他”与“训练” 为被动关系,故选 D。 to catch up the first bus. 如:She got up very early to catch up the first bus.
原则六:用于名词后作定语时,原则是: 用不定式,表示动作尚未发生; 用-ing,表示动作正在进行; 用过去分词,表示动作被动、完成。 10.There will be more than three hundred scientists
attending the tomorrow. the meeting meeting _____ the day after tomorrow
原则五:强调动作发生在主句谓语动作之前时,原则上要用完成式 (根据情况可用不定式的完成式或—ing的完成式) 8._____ from other continents for millions of years, Australia has many plants and animals not found in any other countries in the world. (2005湖北卷) A. Being separated B. Having separated C.Having been separated D. to be separated 【解析】因为 Australia 与 separate 是被动关系,且 separate 发生在谓语动词 has 之前,所以用-ing的完成被动式作原因状语。 9. The manager,_____ it clear to us that he didn’t agree with us, left left the meeting room. (2005江西卷) A. who has made B. having made C. made D. making 【解析】因为 The manager 与 make 是主动关系,且 make 发生在谓语 left 之前,所以用-ing的完成式作状语, having made ... 相当于 who had made... 的意思。