医学免疫学英文词汇

A
Acquired immune deficiency syndrome, AIDS 获得性免疫缺陷综合征（艾滋病）Acquired immunity 获得性免疫
Activation induced cell death，AICD 活化诱导的细胞死亡
Active immunotherapy 主动免疫治疗
Acute phase protein 急性时相蛋白
Adapter 转接蛋白
Adaptive immunity 适应性免疫
Addressin 地址素
Adenosine deaminase 腺苷脱氨酶
Adjuvant 佐剂
Adoptive immunity 过继免疫
Adoptive immunotherapy，AIT 过继免疫治疗
Affinity 亲和力
Affinity maturation 亲和力成熟
Agglutination 凝集反应
Allelic exclusion 等位排斥
Allergen 变应原
Allergin 变应素
Allergy 变态反应
Allogenic antigen 同种异型抗原
Allograft 同种异型移植
Allotype 同种异型
Allorecognition 同种异型识别
Alpha—fetoprotein, AFP 甲种胎儿球蛋白
Alternative pathway 旁路途径
Anamnestic response 回忆应答
Anaphylactic shock 过敏性休克
Anaphylactogen 过敏原
Anaphylaxis 过敏反应
Anchor residue 锚定残基
Ankylosing spondylitis，AS 强直性脊柱炎
Antibacterial immune serum 抗菌免疫血清
Antibody，Ab 抗体
Antibody—dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity，ADCC 抗体依赖性细胞介导的细胞毒作用Antiviral immune serum 抗病毒免疫血清Antigen，Ag 抗原
Antigenic determinant 抗原决定簇
Antigen internal image 抗原内影像
Antigen—presenting cells, APC 抗原提呈细胞
Antigen specific immune response 抗原特异性免疫应答
Antigenicity 抗原性
Anti-idiotype 抗独特型
Antitoxic serum 抗毒素血清
Apoptosis 细胞凋亡
Apoptosis cell associated molecular pattern，ACAMP
凋亡细胞相关的分子模式Apoptotic body 凋亡小体
Artificial active immunization 人工主动免疫
Artificial passive immunization 人工被动免疫
Ataxia telangiectasia syndrome，AT 毛细血管扩张共济失调综合征Atopic dermatitis
Autocrine
Autograft
Autoimmune antibody
Autoimmune disease，AID
Autoimmune hemolytic anemia
Autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura
Autoimmunity
B
Bacillus Calmette Guerin, BCG
Bare lymphocyte syndrome, BLS
Basophil
B cell epitope B
B cell hybridoma B
B cell linker ptotein，BLNK
B cell receptor, BCR
Biotin-avidin system，BAS
Bispecific antibody, BsAb
Blocking antibody
B lymphocyte
Bone marrow
Bone marrow transplantation, BMT
Bradykinin
C
C1 inhibitor，C1 INH
C4 binding protein，
C8 binding protein，C8bp
C—reactive protein，CRP
Cadherin
Calcineurin
Calmodulin
Carcinoembryonic antigen, CEA
Carrier
Cecropins
Cell adhesion molecules，CAM 特应性皮炎自分泌自体移植自身抗体自身免疫性疾病自身免疫性溶血性贫血自身免疫性血小板减少性紫癜自身免疫卡介苗裸淋巴细胞综合征嗜碱性粒细胞细胞表位细胞杂交瘤B 细胞连接蛋白B 细胞（抗原识别）受体生物素—亲和素系统双特异性抗体封闭抗体B淋巴细胞骨髓骨髓移植缓激肽C1抑制分子C4bp C4 结合蛋C8 结合蛋白C—反应蛋白钙粘蛋白钙神经素(钙调磷酸酶）钙调蛋白癌胚抗原载体杀菌肽细胞粘附分子
hediak-Higashi syndrome Chediak—Higashi综合征Chemokine 趋化性细胞因子Chimeric antibody 嵌合抗体
Chronic granulomatous disease，CGD 慢性肉芽肿病Class Ⅱtransactivator, C ⅡTA Ⅱ类反式活化子Class switch 类别转换Classical pathway 经典途径
Clonal anergy 克隆无能
Clonal deletion 克隆删除
Clonal elimination
Clonal expansion
Cluster of differentiation, CD
Colony stimulating factor, CSF
Common variable immunodeficiency Complement
Complement deficiency
Complement receptor
Complementarity determining region, CDR Complete antigen
Concanavalin A，Con A
Conformational determinant
Constant region
Co—receptor
Co-stimulating signal
Co-stimulatory molecules，CM
Co-stimulatory molecule receptor, CMR
Cross reaction
Cryptic determinant
Cytokine，CK
Cytolytic type
Cytotoxic type
Cytotoxic T lymphocytes，CTL 或Tc Cytotoxic T lymphocytes antigen—4，CTLA—4 D
Decay accelerating factor，DAF
Defensins
Delayed type hypersensitivity，DTH
Delayed type hypersensitivity T cell，T DTH Dendritic cells，DC
DiGeorge syndrome
Diversity gene
DNA vaccine
Donor
Double immunodiffusion 克隆消除克隆扩增分化群集落刺激因
子普通变化型免疫缺陷病补体补体缺陷补体受体互补性决定区
完全抗原刀豆蛋白A 构象决定基恒定区，C区辅助受体协同刺激信号协同刺激分子协同刺激分子受体交叉反应隐蔽决定基细胞因子细胞溶解型细胞毒型细胞毒性T细胞细胞毒性T淋巴细胞（相关）抗原4 衰变加速因子防御素迟发型超敏反应迟发型超敏反应性T
细胞树突状细胞DiGeorge综合征D（多样化)基因DNA疫苗供者双向免疫扩散
Double negative cell，DN cell 双阴性细胞
Double positive cell，DP cell 双阳性细胞
E
E rosette test E 花结试验
Early phase reaction 早期相反应
Endocytosis 胞吞作用
Enzyme immunoassay，EIA 酶免疫测定
Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay，ELISA 酶联免疫吸附试验Eosinophil，Eos 嗜酸性粒细胞
Eosinophil chemotactic factor，ECF 嗜酸性粒细胞趋化因子Eosinophil peroxidase，EPO 嗜酸性粒细胞过氧化物酶Epitope 表位Erythropoietin, EPO 红细胞生成素
Extracellular matrix，ECM 细胞外基质
F Fc receptor，FcR 结晶片断受体，Fc受体Flow cytometry，FCM 流式细胞术
Fluorescence-activated cell sorter，FACS 荧光活化细胞分类器Follicular dendritic cells，FDC 滤泡树突状细胞Fragment antigen binding，Fab 抗原结合片断
Fragment crystallizable，Fc 结晶片断
Fragment of variable region Fv 片断
Framework region 骨架区
Freund complete adjuvant 弗氏完全佐剂
G
Genetic engineering antibody 基因工程抗体
Germ line gene 胚系基因
Germinal center 生发中心
Glycosylphosphatidylinositol, GPI 糖磷脂酰肌醇
Graft versus host reaction, GVHR 移植物抗宿主反应Granule exocytosis 颗粒胞吐
Granulocyte colony stimulating factor，G-CSF 粒细胞集落刺激因子Granulocyte—macrophage colony stimulating factor，GM—CSF 粒细胞—巨噬细胞集落刺激因子Granzyme, Gz 颗粒酶
Grave disease 毒性弥漫性甲状腺炎Growth factor 生长因子
Growth factor receptor binding protein—2,Grb—2 生长因子受体结合蛋白2 Guanine nucleotide exchange factor，GEF 鸟苷酸置换因子Gut-associated lymphoid tissue，GALT 肠伴随(相关）淋巴组织H Haplotype 单元型
Hapten 半抗原
Hashimoto’s thyroiditis 桥本甲状腺炎
Heat shock protein，HSP 热休克蛋白
Heavy chain 重链，H 链
Helper T cells（lymphocytes）, Th 辅助性T 细胞Hemolytic plaque assay 溶血空斑试验Hemopoietic stem cell，HSC 造血干细胞Heterophil antigen 异嗜性抗原Hidden antigen 隐蔽抗原
High endothelial venule, HEV 高内皮细胞小静脉Hinge region 铰链区
Histamin 组胺
Histocompatibility antigen-2, H-2
HLA genotyping
Homologous restriction factor, HRF
Host versus graft reaction，HVGR
Human immunodeficiency virus，HIV
Human leukocyte antigen,HLA
Humanized antibody
Humoral immunity
Hypersensitivity
Hypervariable region，HVR
I
Idiotype, Id
Idiotype network
Immediate hypersensitivity
Immune adherent, IA
Immune complex，IC
Immune function related gene
Immune regulation
Immune response
Immune response region
Immune serum
Immune surveillance
Immune system
Immunity
Immunocyte
Immunodeficiency disease，IDD
Immunofluorescence
Immunogenicity
Immunoglobulin, Ig
Immunoglobulin superfamily，IgSF
Immunohistochemistry technique
Immunological competence
Immunological ignorance , ；
Immunological tolerance
Immunological non-responsiveness 小鼠的组织相容性抗原HLA 基因分型同源限制因子宿主抗移植物反应人类免疫缺陷病毒人类白细胞抗原人源化抗体体液免疫超敏反应高变独特型独特型网络速发型超敏反应免疫粘附免疫复合物免疫功能相关基因免疫调节免疫应答免疫应答区免疫血清免疫监视免疫系统免疫免疫细胞免疫缺陷病免疫荧光法免疫原性免疫球蛋白免疫球蛋白超家族免疫组化技术免疫适能免疫忽视免疫耐受免疫不应答
Immunologically privileged sites 免疫隔离部位
Immunology 免疫学
Immunoreceptor tyrosine—based activation motifs，ITAM 免疫受体酪氨酸活化基序Immunoreceptor tyrosine—based inhibitory motifs, ITIM 免疫受体酪氨酸抑制基序Immunotherapy 免疫治疗
Inactivated vaccine 灭活疫苗
Inducible nitric oxide synthase, iNOS 诱导型一氧化氮合成酶Inflammatory cell 炎症细胞
Innate immunity 固有(性）免疫
Inositol—1, 4，5-trisphosphate，IP3
Insulin—dependent diabetes mellitus，IDDM
Intercellular adhesion molecular，ICAM
Integrin
Interferon, IFN
Interleukin，IL
Internalization
Imtraepithelial lymphocytes，IEL
J
Joining chain
Joining gene
K
Killer activatory receptor，KAR
Killer inhibitory receptor，KIR
Killer immunoglobulin like receptor
Kininogenase
L
Langerhans cells，LC
Large granular lymphcytes, LGLs
Late phase reaction
Lectin
Lectin—like carbohydrate recognition domain, CRD
Leucine rich repeat，LRR
Leukin
Leukocyte adhesion deficiency, LAD
Leukocyte common antigen, LCA
Leukocyte differentiation antigen，LDA
Leukotrienes （Leucotrienes），LTs
Ligand
Light chain
Linker for activation of T cell, LAT
Linear determinant
Linkage disequilibrium
Lipoteichoic acid，LTA
Lipoxygenase pathway 三磷酸肌醇胰岛素依赖型糖尿病细胞间粘附分子整合素干扰素白细胞介素内化上皮细胞间淋巴细胞J链J 基因杀伤细胞活化受体杀伤细胞抑制受体杀伤细胞免疫球蛋白样受体激肽原酶郎格汉斯细胞大颗粒淋巴细胞晚期相反应凝集素凝集素样糖识别结构域富含亮氨酸的重复序列白细胞素白细胞粘附缺陷白细胞共同抗原白细胞分化抗原白三烯配基,配体轻链,L链T 细胞活化连接蛋白线性决定基连锁不平衡磷壁酸脂氧合酶途径Live—attenuated vaccine 减毒活疫苗
Long-acting thyroid stimulator，LATS 长效甲状腺刺激素
Low molecular-weight polypeptide, LMP 低分子量多肽
LPS binding protein, LBP LPS结合蛋白
Lymphocyte 淋巴细胞
Lymphocyte function associated antigen，LFA 淋巴细胞功能相关抗原Lymphocyte homing 淋巴细胞归巢
Lymphocyte homing receptor，LHR 淋巴细胞归巢受体
Lymphoid DC 淋巴系树突状细胞
Lymphoid progenitor 淋巴样祖细胞
Lymphoid stem cells，LSC 淋巴样干细胞
Lymphokine, LK 淋巴因子
Lymphokine activated killer cell, LAK 淋巴因子激活的杀伤细胞Lymphotoxin，LT 淋巴毒素
β —lysin 乙型溶素
Lysosome-associated membrane proteins-1,LAMP-1 溶酶体相关膜蛋白1 Lysozyme 溶菌酶
M
Macrophages，M φ 巨噬细胞
Macrophage colony stimulating factor，M—CSF 巨噬细胞集落刺激因子Macropinocytosis 巨吞饮
Magainins 爪蟾抗菌肽
Major histocompatibility complex，MHC 主要组织相容性复合体Mannan—binding lectin，MBL 甘露糖结合凝集素
Mannose binding protein，MBP 甘露糖结合蛋白
Mannose receptor, MR 甘露糖受体
Mast cell, MC 肥大细胞
MBL-associated serine protease, MASP MBL 伴随的丝氨酸蛋白酶Membrane attack complex, MAC 膜攻击复合物
Membrane cofactor protein, MCP 膜辅助因子蛋白
Membrane Ig，mIg 膜表面免疫球蛋白
Membrane inhibitor of reactive lysis，MIRL 膜反应性溶解抑制物Memory cells 记忆细胞
MHC class Ⅰgene MHC Ⅰ类基因
MHC class Ⅱgene MHC Ⅱ类基因
MHC class Ⅲgene MHC Ⅲ类基因
MHC restriction MHC 限制性
Microfold cell M细胞，微小褶皱细胞β 2—Microglobulin，β2-m β2 微球蛋白
Minor histocompatibility antigen 次要组织相容性抗原Mitogen 丝裂原
Mitogen—activation protein kinase, MAPK 丝裂原激活蛋白激酶Molecular mimicry 分子模拟
Monoclonal antibody, McAb 单克隆抗体
第7 / 11页Monocyte 单核细胞
Monocyte chemotactic protein，MCP 单核细胞趋化蛋白
Monokine，MK 单核因子
Mononuclear—phagocyte system, MPS 单核-巨噬细胞系统
Mucosal—associated lymphoid tissue，MALT 粘膜伴随(相关）淋巴组织Mucosal mast cell，MMC 粘膜肥大细胞
Multiple hematopoietic stem cells，HSC 多能造血干细胞
Multiple sclerosis，MS 多发性硬化症
Myasthenia gravis，MG 重症肌无力
Myeloid DC
Myeloid stem cell
Myeloperoxidase，MPO
N
Naive T（B) cells
Natural cytotoxic cell
Nature killer cell，NK cell
Neutrophils
Nitric oxide，NO
Nitroblue tetrazolium, NBT
Non—classical MHC class Ⅰgene Non—organ specific autoimmune disease Non—specific immunity
Nude mice
O
Opsonization
Organ specific autoimmune disease
P
Paracrine
Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobineria, PHN Passive immunotherapy ，
Passive transfer of lymphocyte
Pathogen associated molecular pattern，PAMP Pattern recognition receptor, PRR
Peptide antibiotics
Peptidoglycan, PGN
Perforin
Peripheral lymphoid organ
Peyer's patches
Phagocyte
Phagocytosis
Phosphatidylinnosital pathway 髓系树突状细胞髓样干细胞髓过氧化物酶初始T（B）细胞自然细胞毒性细胞自然杀伤细胞嗜中性粒细胞一氧化氮氮蓝四唑非经典性Ⅰ类基因非器官特异性自身免疫病非特异性免疫裸小鼠，裸鼠调理作用器官特异性自身免疫病旁分泌夜间血红蛋白尿被动免疫治疗淋巴细胞被动转移病原相关分子模式模式识别受体肽抗菌肽聚糖穿孔素外周淋巴器官派氏集合淋巴结吞噬细胞吞噬作用吞噬溶酶体PI途径
第8 / 11页Phosphatidylinositol—3—kinase, PI3—K 磷脂酰肌醇3激酶
Phosphatidylinositol—4，5-bisphosphate，PIP 2 磷脂酰肌醇4，5二磷酸Phosphatidylinositol—3，4，5-trisphosphate 磷脂酰肌醇3,4，5三磷酸Phosphatidylserine，PS 磷脂酰丝氨酸
Phosphoinositides 磷酸肌醇
Phospholipase 磷脂酶
Phospholipid bilineurine 磷脂胆碱
Phosphotylinositide—3 kinase 磷酸肌醇—3激酶
Phytohemagglutinin，PHA 植物血凝素
Pinocytosis
Pinocytotic vesicle
Placental γ globulin
Plaque forming cell，PFC
Plasma cells
Platelet activating factor, PAF
Polymeric Ig receptor, pIgR
Polymorphic genes
Polymorphonuclear neutrophils，PMN
Precipitation
Primary immunodeficiency disease, PIDD
Primary response
Pro—B cell
professional antigen presenting cells
Programmed cell death，PCD
Properdin，P
Prostaglandin, PG
Protein kinase C，PKC
Protein tyrosine kinase，PTK
Protein tyrosine phosphatase，PTP/PTPase
Proteolytic enzyme complex
Proteosome
Purine nucleotide phosphorylase，PNP
R
γδ+T cell
Radioimmunoassay，RIA
Reactive nitrogen intermediates，RNIs
Reactive oxygen intermediates，ROIs
Rearrangement
Receptor editing
Receptor—mediated endocytosis
Recipient
Recombinant antigen vaccine
Recombinant vector vaccine 胞饮作用吞饮泡胎盘丙种球蛋白空斑形成细胞浆细胞血小板活化因子多聚免疫球蛋白受体多态性多
态性基因多形核嗜中性粒细胞沉淀反应原发性免疫缺陷病初次应答祖B细胞专职抗原提呈细胞程序性细胞死亡备解素前列腺素蛋白激酶C 蛋白酪氨酸激酶蛋白酪氨酸磷酸酶蛋白水解酶复合体
蛋白酶体嘌呤核苷磷酸化酶γδ+T细胞放射免疫测定法反应性氮中间物反应性氧中间物（基因）重排受体编辑受体介导的胞吞作用受者重组抗原疫苗重组载体疫苗
第9 / 11页Recombinase 重组酶
Recombination activating genes, RAG 重组活化基因
Recombination signal sequences，RSS 重组信号序列
Rejection （移植物的)排斥
Rheumatoid arthritis，RA 类风湿性关节炎
Rheumatoid factor，RF 类风湿因子
S
Scavenger receptor, SR 清杂受体
Secondary immunodeficiency disease，SIDD 继发性免疫缺陷病Secondary response 再次应答
Secretory component，SC 分泌成分，分泌小体
Secretory IgA, sIgA 分泌型免疫球蛋白A
Secretory piece，SP 分泌片
Selectin 选择素
Selective IgA deficiency 选择性IgA缺陷
Serin/threonine phosphatase 丝/苏氨酸磷酸酶
Serum amyloid pretein A，SAA 血清淀粉样蛋白A
Severe combined—immunodeficiency disease, SCID 重症联合免疫缺陷病Signal transduction 信号转导
Signal transducers and activator of transcription，STAT 信号转导和活化转录因子Signalling complex 信号复合体
Single immunodiffusion 单向免疫扩散
Small G protein 小G 蛋白
Sneaking through 漏逸
Soluble TNF receptor，sTNFR 可溶性TNF受体
Somatic hypermutation 体细胞高（频）突变
Specific immunity 特异性免疫
Split tolerance 耐受分离
Src family kinase Src家族激酶
Staphylococcus enterotoxin, SE 葡萄球菌肠毒素
Staphylococcus protein A，SPA 葡萄球菌蛋白A
Stem cell factor，SCF 干细胞（生长)因子
Subunit vaccine 亚单位疫苗
Superantigen，SAg 超抗原
Suppressor T cells，Ts 抑制性T细胞
Syngraft 同种基因移植，同型移植Synthetic peptide vaccine 合成肽疫苗
Systemic lupus erythematosus，SLE 系统性红斑狼疮
T
T cell epitope T细胞表位
T cell receptor, TCR T细胞（抗原识别)受体T lymphocyte T淋巴细胞
TCR/CD3 complex TCR/CD3 复合物
Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase，TdT 末端脱氧核苷酸转移酶
第10 / 11页Terminal pathway 末端通路
Thrombopoietin 血小板生成素
Thymic stromal cells, TSC 胸腺基质细胞
Thymocyte 胸腺细胞
Thymus 胸腺
Thymus dependent antigen，TD—Ag 胸腺依赖抗原
Thymus epithelial cells，TEC 胸腺上皮细胞
Thymus independent antigen, TI—Ag 非胸腺依赖抗原
Thyroid stimulating hormone, TSH 促甲状腺激素
Tolerogen 耐受原
Toll like receptor, TLR Toll样受体
Toxoid &nbs, p；类毒素
Transforming growth factor, TGF 转化生长因子
Transporters associated with antigen processing，TAP 抗原处理相关转运蛋白Tumor—associated antigen，TAA 肿瘤相关抗原
Tumor necrosis factor, TNF 肿瘤坏死因子
Tumor-specific antigen, TSA 肿瘤特异性抗原
V
Variable folding 可变折叠
Variable geng V基因
Variable region （V region ) 可变区，V区
Vitronectin 玻璃连接蛋白，玻连蛋白Very late appearing antigen，VLA 迟现抗原
W
Western blotting 免疫印迹法
Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome，WAS 伴湿疹血小板减少性免疫缺陷病X
X-linked agammaglobulinemia，XLA 性联无丙种球蛋白血症X—linked hyperimmunoglobulin M syndrome，HIM 性联高IgM综合征X—linked SCID，XSCID 性联重症联合免疫缺陷病。