高级英语上册_Lesson1汇总
高级英语(第三版)第一册第一课 Face to Face with Hurricane Camille
Focus of Section 2 (para7-27) During hurricane strike
• This section narrates in detail how the group struggled and felt during the hurricane.
• Focus of the study: 1. hurricane – How was the devastating hurricane like? Specific details wind, water, etc.) 2. people – how did they act during the crisis?
• To learn how Americans fight against the hurricane
Hurricanes/ location/ naming system/ typhoon
• They are two different names for the same kind of storm -- They’re called hurricanes in the Atlantic Ocean and the Eastern Pacific Ocean, and typhoons in the Western Pacific.
• (para 7) As the wind mounted to a roar. (the word ‘mount’ shows that the sound was increasing, dynamic).
• (para 8) The roar of the hurricane now was overwhelming.
• (para 19) it shot out winds of nearly 200 m. p h. (the speed of the wind)
高级英语第一册课后翻译练习汇总
Lesson 1The Middle Eastern Bazaar1)一条蜿蜒的小路淹没在树荫深处2)集市上有许多小摊子,出售的货物应有尽有3)我真不知道到底是什么事让他如此生气。
4)新出土的铜花瓶造型优美,刻有精细、复杂的传统图案。
5)在山的那边是一望无际的大草原。
6)他们决定买那座带有汽车房的房子。
7)教师们坚持对学生严格要求。
8)这个小女孩非常喜欢他的父亲。
9)为实现四个现代化,我们认为有必要学习外国的先进科学技术。
10)黄昏临近时,天渐渐地暗下来了。
11)徒工仔细地观察他的师傅,然后照着干。
12)吃完饭弗兰克常常帮助洗餐具。
Frank often took a hand in the washing-up after dinner. Lesson 2 Hiroshima-the Livest city in Japan1)礼堂里一个人都没有,会议一定是延期了。
2)那本书看上去很像个盒子。
3)四川话和湖北话很相似,有时很难区别。
4)一看见纪念碑就想起了在战斗中死去的好友。
5)他陷入沉思之中,没有例会同伴们在谈些什么。
6)他干的事与她毫无关系。
7)她睡不着觉,女儿的病使她心事重重。
8)这件事长期以来一直使我放心不下。
9)他喜欢这些聚会,喜欢与年轻人交往并就各种问题交换意见。
10)大家在几分钟以后才领悟他话中的含义。
11)土壤散发着青草的气味。
12)我可以占用你几分钟时间吗?13)你能匀出一张票子给我吗?14)那个回头发上了年纪的人是铜匠。
Lesson 4 Everyday Use for your grandmama1.一场大火把贫民区三百多座房子夷为平地。
2.只要你为人正直,不怕失去什么,那你对任何人都不会畏惧。
3.尽管发生了水灾,今年农业生产损失并不严重。
4.这件衬衣与裙子的颜色和式样都不相配。
5.咱们一边喝咖啡一边谈这件事吧。
6.我怎么也不能想象你能做出不光彩的事来。
7.他无法想象为什么人们反对他的看法。
大学英语教材《高级英语》第一册
Lesson 1The Middle Eastern BazaarI.1)A bazaar is a market or street of shops and stands in Oriental countries.Such bazaars are likely to be found in Afghanistan,the Arabian Peninsula,Cyprus,Asiatic Turkey and Egypt.2)The bazaar includes many markets:cloth—market,copper—smiths’market.carpet—market,food—market,dye—market,pottery—market,carpenters’market,etc.They represent the backward feudal economy.3)A blind man could know which part 0f the bazaar he was in by his senses of smell and hearing.Different odours and sounds can give him some ideas about the various parts 0f the bazaar.4)Because the earthen floor,beaten hard by countless feet,deadens the sound of footsteps,and the vaulted mudbrick walls and roof have hardly and sounds to echo. The shop-keepers also speak in slow, measured tones, and the buyers follow suit.5)The place where people make linseed oil seems the most picturesque in the bazaar. The backwardness of their extracting oil presents an unforgetable scene.II .1)little donkeys went in and out among the people and from one side to another2)Then as you pass through a big crowd to go deeper into the market, the noise of the entrance gradually disappear, and you come to the much quieter cloth-market.3)they drop some of items that they don't really want and begin to bargain seriously for a low price.4)He will ask for a high price for the item and refuse to cut down the price by any significant amount.5)As you get near it, a variety of sounds begin to strike your ear.Ⅲ. See the translation of text.IV.1)n. +n..seaside, doorway, graveyard, warlord2)n. +v..daybreak, moonrise, bullfight3)v. +n..cutback, cutthroat, rollway4)adj. +n..shortterm, softcoal, softliner, hardware5)adv. +v. .output , upgrade, downpour6)v. +adv..pullover, buildupV.1)thread (n.) she failed to put the thread through the eye of the needle.(v.) He threaded through the throng.2)round (v.) On the 1st of September the ship rounded the Cape of Good Hope. (adv.) He wheeled round and faced me angrily.3)narrow(v.) In the discussions we did not narrow the gap any further. (adj.)Hefailed by a very narrow margin.4)price(n.) The defence secretary said the U.S.was not looking for an agreement at any price.(v.)At the present consumption rates(of oil)the world may well be pricing itself out of its future.5) (v.)live About 40%of the population lives on the land and tries to live off it. (adj.)The nation heard the inaugural speech in a live broadcast.6)tower (n.)The tower was built in the 1 4th century.(v.)The general towered over his contemporaries.7)dwarf (v.)A third of the nation's capital goods are shipped from this area,which dwarfs West Germany's mighty Ruhr Valley in industrial output.(n.)Have you ever read the story of Snow White and the Dwarfs?Ⅵ.1)light and heat:glare,dark,shadowy,dancing flashes.the red of the live coals,glowing bright,dimming,etc.2)sound and movement:enter,pass,thread their way.penetrate,selecting,pricing,doing a little preliminary bargaining,din,tinkling,banging,clashing,creak,squeaking,rumbling,etc.3)smell and colour:profusion of rich colours,pungent and exotic smells,etc.Ⅶ.1)glare指刺眼的光;brightness指光源发出的强烈稳定的光,强调光的强度。
高级英语第一册第一课词汇短语
词汇(Vocabulary) Unit 1Bazaar (n.) : (in Oriental countries)a market or street of shops andstalls(东方国家的)市场,集市----------------------------------------------------------------------------------cavern (n.) : a cave,esp.a large cave洞穴,山洞(尤指大洞穴,大山洞)----------------------------------------------------------------------------------shadowy (adj.) : dim;indistinct模糊的;朦胧的----------------------------------------------------------------------------------FONT style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: cornflowerblue" color=white>harmonious (adj.) : having musical tones combined to give a pleasingeffect;consonant(音调)和谐的,悦耳的/harmoniously adv.----------------------------------------------------------------------------------throng (n.) :a great number of people gathered together;crowd人群;群集----------------------------------------------------------------------------------conceivable (adj.) : that can be conceived,imagined 可想象的,想得到的----------------------------------------------------------------------------------din (n.) : a loud,continuous noise喧闹声,嘈杂声----------------------------------------------------------------------------------would-be ( adj.) : intended to be预期成为……的;将要成为……的----------------------------------------------------------------------------------muted (adj.) : (of a sound)made softer than is usual(声音)减弱的----------------------------------------------------------------------------------vaulted ( adj.) : having the form of a vault;arched穹窿形的;拱形的----------------------------------------------------------------------------------sepulchral(n.) : a cave,esp.a large cave洞穴,山洞(尤指大洞穴,大山洞)----------------------------------------------------------------------------------shadowy (adj.) : suggestive of the grave or burial;dismal;gloomy坟墓般的;阴森森的----------------------------------------------------------------------------------guild ( n.) : any association for mutual aid and the promotion of commoninterests互助会;协会----------------------------------------------------------------------------------trestle (n.) :a frame consising of a horizontal beam fastened to two pairsof spreading legs,used to support planks to form atable,platform,etc.支架;脚手台架;搁凳----------------------------------------------------------------------------------impinge (v.) : strike,hit,or dash;have an effect撞击,冲击,冲撞;对……具有影响----------------------------------------------------------------------------------fairyland (n.) : the imaginary land where the fairies live;a lovelyenchanting place仙境;奇境----------------------------------------------------------------------------------burnish ( v.) : make or become shiny by rubbing;polish擦亮;磨光;抛光----------------------------------------------------------------------------------brazier ( n.) : a metal pan,bowl,etc.,to hold burning coals or charcoal,asfor warming a room or grilling food火盆;火钵----------------------------------------------------------------------------------dim ( v.) :make or grow unclear(使)变暗淡;(使)变模糊----------------------------------------------------------------------------------rhythmic /rhythmical ( adj.) :having rhythm有韵律的;有节奏的/rhythmically adv ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------bellows ( n.) sing.&p1.)a device that produces a stream of air through anarrow tube when its sides are pressed together(used for blowingfires,etc.)(单复同)风箱----------------------------------------------------------------------------------intricate ( adj.) :complex;hard to follow or understand because full ofpuzzling parts,details,or relationships;full of elaboratedetail错综复杂的;精心制作的----------------------------------------------------------------------------------exotic ( adj.) :strange or different in a way that is striking orfascinating奇异的;异常迷人的----------------------------------------------------------------------------------sumptuous ( adj.) :involving great expense;costly lavish豪华的;奢侈的;昂贵的----------------------------------------------------------------------------------maze ( n.) :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------( n.) :a confusing,intricate network of winding pathways 迷津;迷宫;曲径----------------------------------------------------------------------------------honeycomb ( v.) :fill with holes like a honeycomb使成蜂窝状----------------------------------------------------------------------------------mosque ( n.) :a Moslem temple or place of worship清真寺;伊斯兰教堂----------------------------------------------------------------------------------caravanserai /caravansery ( n.) :in the Orient.a kind of inn with a largecentral court,where caravans stop for the night东方商队(或旅行队)的客店----------------------------------------------------------------------------------disdainful ( n.) :feeling or expressing disdain;scornful andaloof;proud轻视的,轻蔑的;傲慢的/disdainfully adv.----------------------------------------------------------------------------------bale ( n.) :a large bundle大包,大捆----------------------------------------------------------------------------------linseed ( n.) :the seed of flax亚麻籽----------------------------------------------------------------------------------somber ( adj.) :dark and gloomy or dull阴沉的;昏暗的----------------------------------------------------------------------------------pulp ( n.) :a soft,moist,formless mass that sticks together浆----------------------------------------------------------------------------------ramshackle ( adj.) :1ikely to fall to pieces;shaky要倒塌似的,摇摇欲坠的.----------------------------------------------------------------------------------dwarf ( v.) :make small or insignificant;make seem small incomparison使矮小;使无足轻重;使(相形之下)显得渺小;使相形见绌----------------------------------------------------------------------------------vat ( n.) :a large tank,tub,or cask for holding liquids大缸;大桶----------------------------------------------------------------------------------nimble ( adj.) :moving or acting quickly and lightly灵活的;敏捷的/nimbly adv.----------------------------------------------------------------------------------girder ( n.) :a large beam,usually horizontal,of timber or steel.forsupporting the joists of a floor,the framework of a building.thesuperstructure of a bridge,etc•大梁----------------------------------------------------------------------------------trickle ( n.) :a slow,small flow细流;涓流----------------------------------------------------------------------------------ooze ( v.) :flow or leak out slowly,as through very small holes 渗出;慢慢地流----------------------------------------------------------------------------------runnel ( n.) :runnel a small stream;little brook or rivulet;a smallchannel or watercourse小溪;小沟;小槽----------------------------------------------------------------------------------glisten (v.) :shine or sparkle with reflected light, as a wet or polishedsurface;flash(湿的表面或光滑面)反光;闪耀,闪光----------------------------------------------------------------------------------taut ( adj.) :tightly stretched,as a rope(绳子等)拉紧的,绷紧的----------------------------------------------------------------------------------短语(Expressions)thread one’s way: move through carefully or slowly,changing direc- tion frequenfly as moving小心,缓慢地挤过(不断地改变方向)例:Slowly she threaded her way back through the moving mass of people.她慢慢挤过熙熙攘攘的人群往回走。
《高英(上)》 课文要点
自考《高级英语(上)》课文要点Lesson One: Rock Superstars: what Do They Tell Us About Ourselves and Our Society? Outline:Part I: IntroductionA.Three Scenes (par. 1-3)B. A question (par. 4)* What is the function of the two quotations at the beginning of the text?The function of the two quotations at the beginning of the text is to summarize and introduce the theme of the text, and as such they serve as a guide for the reader in interpreting and understanding the message the rock music tries to communicate.* What does the author attempt to illustrate with the three examples at the beginning of the article?The three scenarios are used by the author to dramatize and illustrate the sensation that rock music has created in young people.Part II: Rock tells a lot about ourselves and our society. (thesis) (par. 5)A. (par.6) Rock is a sociological expression.1. (par. 7-8) Beliefs and attitudes2. (par. 9) FeelingsB. (par. 10) Conclusion to Part II* According to Irving Horowitz, what is the sociological significance of rock music?The sociological significance of rock music is that it had offered a sort of debating forum where different ideas conflict and where American society struggles to define and redefine its feelings and beliefs.* What subjects does rock music deal with?Politics (beliefs and attitudes): civil rights, peace and war, piety, revolution, etc.Feelings and emotions: loneliness, love and hate, a nostalgia for the “good old days”, etc.Part III: Final ParagraphsA.(par. 11-12) We give them fame and fortune.B.(par. 13) The question remains.Lesson Two: Four Choice for Young PeopleOutlinePart I: Introduction—the young generation views the adult world with great skepticism. (par. 1-2) * How do American young people look at the adult world in general?They look at the adult world with great skepticism and there is also an increased tendency to reject completely the adult world.Part II: Four choices for young peopleA.Choosing a strategy is the first decision the young people have to make. (par.3)B.The four choices1.(par. 4) Drop out: parasitic2.(par. 5-6) Flee: impractical3.(par.7-10) Plot a revolution: fruitless4.(par.11-13) Change the world gradually: workable*What is the meaning and what are the characteristics of each strategy?*In what way are those who flee different from the dropouts?Part III: Conclusion---restatement (par.14)Lesson Five: I’d rather Be Black than FemaleOutlinePart I: Being female is a greater handicap than being black. (par.1)A.Sexual prejudice is invisible to people. (par.2)B.It’s much harder to eliminate sexual prejudice than racial prejudice. (par.3-4)* Why does the author say it is a still harder and longer struggle to eliminate prejudice against women?Part II: Sexual prejudice in politics (my experience)A.My experience in politics in general (par.5)B.Women in politics in general (par.6)C.My experience in politics in specific1.Run for state legislature (par.7)2.Run for national legislaturea.Resistance from inside (par. 8)b.Resistance from outside (par. 9)*In what way are women prejudiced against in politics?Part III: Sexual Prejudice in generalA.Women are thought of as different and inferior. (par. 10)B.Women have not reached tokenism. (par.11)C.An emphatic Question (par. 12)*In what way are women prejudiced against in general?Part IV: Women’s contribution is needed in politics.A.People ignore women’s contribution.1.What I heard (par. 13)2.What I experienced (par. 15)B.Women have a lot to do in politics. (par.15)C.Women have a special contribution to make in politics. (Conclusion) (par. 16-17)* What are some of the problems the author is determined to help to solve?* What fine qualities do women have that men don’t have?Lesson Seven: Miss Brill1 what kind of person is Miss Brill?She lives alone in foreign country and has to secure her means of existence by taking such odd jobs as giving English lessons, as a paid companion, etc. She seems well-to-do but feels lonely and estranged from the community. Also, she is approaching old age and years of spinsterhood have left her sensitive self-conscious and easily hurt. All this has tended to wall her in and torment her with a sense of emptiness and being uprooted.2. Why does she go to the par every Sunday afternoon?The trip gives her a chance to break out of wall of isolation and establish contact with society. She hopes to endow her life with meaning.3. What does she do in the park?She simply watches people around her and listen to other’s conversations.4. What has she discovered that makes her so happy?She suddenly discovers that life is like a play and every human being has a part to play in it: like all the others, she belongs after all to this performance of human life and has acted her well and will never be isolated or estranged again. She feels that meaning, hope and confidence are coming back to her.5. Why is her own room like a cupboard, too, after she gets back home?6. What is the symbolic meaning of her fur?7. What message does the author want to convey to the reader?Also notice the function of the band, and the repetition of “sadness”.Lesson Eight: A lesson in Living“A lesson in Living” tells how Mrs. Flowers gave Marguerite the first lesson in living, telling her she must always be intolerant of ignorance but understanding of illiteracy. Mrs. Flowers enlightened her by giving her the novel and book of poems to read. The poetic reading of A Tale of Two Cities, the advice she gave her, the human warmth and care she felt from her, and the charm of everything working on her and in her house, opened a new perspective in Marguerite’s life.1.How did Mrs. Flowers give Marguerite her lesson in living?2.How was Mrs. Flowers a source of enlightenment to Marguerite?3. What was the image of Mrs. Flowers in the child’s mind?Lesson Nine: The Trouble with TelevisionOutlinePart I: Introduction---People spend much time on TV (phenomenon) (par. 1-2)Part II: TV discourages concentration (main idea) (par. 3)’s variety is a narcotic, usurping your ability to focus your attention yourself. (par.4) operates on the appeal to the short attention span (motive) (par.5)1.Regarded as inherent (par.6)2.Becoming fashionable (par.7)*In what way does TV discourage concentration?*Why is the appeal to the short attention span so important to TV?Part III: Adverse effects on American cultureA.Inefficient communication (par.8)B.Decivilizing (par.9)1.Crisis of literacy (par.10-11)plexity (par.12)*What does the author think is wrong with TV news programming?*Why does the author sat TV is decivilizing?*What are TV’s adverse effects on American culture?Part IV: ConclusionA.Rhetorical questions (par.13)B.Significance of the issue (par. 14)Lesson Eleven: On Getting Off the SleepThe author ridicules people who, with “iron will”, can lie down and fall into slumber in a matter of a few minutes. He thinks there is something inhuman in it. He categorizes himself into the group of men full of human sympathy and depth in feelings and thought and good tastes. In this essay, insomnia becomes a praiseworthy agony inherent in an active and intellectual; mind.1.How does the matter of sleep illustrate the contrariness of things?2.What does the author think about the people with “iron wills”?(Does the author think it natural for a person to fall asleep as soon as his head touches the pillow?)3.What seems to be the best way to get off to sleep according to the author?Lesson Twelve: Why I WriteOutlinePart I: Background information (par. 1-4)Part II: Four motives*What are four great motives for writing? Explain briefly.Part III: Points of view (theory) (par. 10-14)*What was Orwell’s political stand? And what was the political and social environment that shaped his political orientation?*What kind of books did Orwell want to write? (His theory)Part IV: Conclusion (par.15)Lesson Thirteen: WorkOutlinePart I: Advantages of workA. A preventive of boredom (par.1-2)B. An outlet for ambition (par. 3)C. Conclusion and transition (par. 4)* What are the advantaged of work? Explain.Part II: Two elements make work interesting. (par. 5)A.Exercise of skill (par. 6)B.Conclusion (par.7)* What kind of skilled work can offer continuous pleasure to the worker?* What is the most powerful motive for work? Explain.*How does the author define construction and destruction?*What elements make work interesting? Explain.Lesson Fifteen: The Beauty IndustryOutlinePart I: Cult of physical beauty in America and Europe (phenomenon)A.In America, popularity of cosmetics (par.1)B.In Europe, increasing popularity of cosmetics (par. 2.)Part II: ReasonsA.Increased living standard (par.3)B.Changed in the status of women and our attitude (par.4-5)*Why is there an enormous increase in the personal appearance business in Europe and America as well?* Is the diffusion of wealth the only cause for the increase? Why (not)?*What are the changes in people’s attitude towards the physical body?Part III: Results---both a success and a failure (par. 6)A.Success: a) keeping the youthful appearance; b) symptoms of health (par.7)B.Failure1.Human beauty is not skin-deep. (standard) (par. 8)2.Psychological ugliness (par.9)3.Hardness (par.10)4.Fundamentally a failure because it doesn’t touch the deepest source of beauty.(conclusion)(par.11)*In what way does the author regard the modern cult of beauty a success?* According to the author, is human beauty skin deep? Why (not)?*Why, according to the author, does the modern cult of beauty remain fundamentally a failure?*What is “hardness”? And what are the causes of hardness?。
《高级英语1(第3版)》第一册第一课
Lesson OneFace to Face with Hurricane CamilleContents•Background Information •Detailed Study •Writing Skills Related •Exercises on Vocabulary •Check on UnderstandingBackground Information• Type of literature: A piece of narration • --character (protagonist/antagonist) • --action (incidents, events, etc.) • --conflicts (suspense, tension) • --climax • --denouement (close)Background Informationchronological developmentnarration --- story telling extended narration --novels histories biographies autobiographies traveloguesBackground Information• The essentials of narration: 1. characters 2. plot A good story has a beginning, a middle, an end, even though it may start in the middle or at some other point in the action and move backward to the earlier happenings.Background InformationNarration is concerned with action.It goes around people called characters in some kind of struggle or conflict against other people, nature, society or themselves.protagonist --- leading character antagonist -- the people or forces protagonistfights against suspense -- a state of uncertaintyBackground Informationinterposition --- a passage which is put between the actionThe purpose is to add more information to create suspenseBackground Informationflashback --interruption of chronological sequence by interjection of event of earlier occurrenceclimax -- the most exciting, important interesting part on the story,denouement --- the ending of a storyBackground Informationrising action beginningclimax falling actiondenouementconflict suspenseendingBackground Information• Main idea: • Face to Face with Hurricane Camille describesthe heroic struggle of the Koshaks and their friends against the forces of a devastating hurricane.Background Information• Organization: • --introduction (para 1- 6) • --development (para 7 – 26) • --climax (Para 27) • --conclusionBackground Information• Introductory paragraphs 1 - 6 • --- time • --- place • --- background • --- conflict: man versus hurricanes • --- character: John KoshakBackground Information• Development (7 – 26) • The writer builds up and sustains the suspense in thestory by describing in detail and vividly the incidents showing how the Koshaks and their friends struggled against each onslaught of the hurricane.Background Information• Climax (P. 27) • The writer gives order an logical movement tothe sequence of happenings by describing a series of actions in the order of their occurrence. • The story reaches its climax in paragraph 27.Background Information• Conclusion (P 28 -) • The theme in the story • Human lives are important and not materialpossessions. The family survived the storm.Background Information• What is included in a narrative writing?1) story : the heroic struggle of the Koshaks and theirfriends against the forces of a devastating hurricane2) characters:--Pop Koshak--Grandma Koshak--John Koshak* (protagonist)--Janis Koshaka typical American family--Seven childrenthree generations, friend, neighbors--Charles, a friendand pets--Neighbors--petsBackground Information3) Textual organization: chronological order (natural time sequence) a beginning (1-6 ) (introducing the time, place, background, characters) a middle (7-27 ) (details of the struggle to the climax) an end (28-39) (getting help and rebuilding community)4) Climax: para 27 when the Koshaks family survived 5) Conflict:man versus nature (hurricane as antagonist) 6) Point of view: third person 7) Atmosphere : tense and urgenct 8) Theme: para 39. family safety is more important than materialpossessions.Detailed Study• hurricane ---1. strong tropical storm 2. strong fast wind which speeds more than 75 mph 3. western Atlantic Ocean 4. given a girl's name; named alphabetically / ordered according to the initial letterDetailed Study• typhoon ---• 1. Western Pacific Ocean or China Sea 2. numberedDetailed Study• 飓风和台风实际上是一回事,都是指风速达到33米/秒的热带 气旋,只是因为发生的地域不同,才有不同的名称。
高级英语第一册详细讲解
⾼级英语第⼀册详细讲解Lesson one The Middle Eastern Bazaar⼀. Background information⼆.Brief overview and writing styleThis text is a piece of description. In this article, the author describes a vivid and live scene of noisy hilarity of the Middle Eastern Bazaar to readers. At first, he describes the general atmosphere of the bazaar. The entrance of the bazaar is aged and noisy. However, as one goes through the bazaar, the noise the entrance fades away. One of the peculiarities of the Eastern bazaar is that shopkeepers dealing in the same kind of goods gather in the same area. Then the author introduces some strategies for bargaining with the seller in the bazaar which are quite useful. After that he describes some impressive specific market of the bazaar particularly including the copper-smiths market, the carpet-market, the spice-market, the food-market, the dye-market, the pottery-market and the carpenter’s market which honeycomb the bazaar. The typical animal in desert----camels----can also attract attention by their disdainful expressions. To the author the most unforgettable thing in the bazaar is the place where people make linseed oil. Hence he describes this complicated course with great details.The author’s vivid and splendid description takes readers back to hundreds of thousands of years age to the aged middle eastern bazaar, which gives the article an obvious diachronic and spatial sense. The appeal to readers’ visual and hearing sense throughout the description is also a marked feature of this piece of writing. In short, being a Westerner, the author views the oriental culture and civilization as old and backward but interesting and fantastic. Through careful observation and detailed comparison, the author depicts some new and original peculiarities of the Middle Eastern bazaar which are unique and distinguished.三.Detailed study of the textParagraph 1 the general atmosphere of the bazaar1. The Middle Eastern bazaar takes you back…of years:1) Middle East: generally referring to the area from Afghanistan to Egypt, includingthe Arabian Peninsula, Cyprus, and Asiatic Turkey.2) A bazaar is an oriental market-place where a variety of goods is sold. The wordperhaps comes from the Persian word bazar.(中东和印度等的)集市,市场was ancient, the bricks and stones were aged and the economy was a handicraft economy which no longer existed in the West.2. The one I am thinking of particularly is entered…:1) is entered..: The present tense used here is called “historical present(历史现在时)”. It is used for vividness.2) Gothic: of a style of building in Western Europe between the 12th and 16th centuries,with pointed arches , arched roofs, tall thin pillars, and stained glass windows.3) aged: having existed long; very old3. You pass from the heat and glare of a big open square into a cool, dark cavern…: 1) Here “the heat” is contrasted with “cool”, “glare” with “dark”, and“open square” with “cavern”.2) glare: strong, fierce, unpleasant light, not so agreeable and welcome as “brightsunlight”.强光,耀眼的光3) “cavern” here does not really mean a cave or an underground chamber. Fromthe text we can see it is a long, narrow, dark street of workshops and shops with some sort of a roof over them.⼤洞⽳(尤指⼤⽽⿊的)and the brightness of the sunlight is most disagreeable. But when you enter the gateway, you come to a long, narrow, dark street with some sort of a roof over it and it is cool inside.4. which extends as far as the eye can see:The word eye and ear are used in the singular not to mean the concrete organ of sight or hearing but something abstract; they are often used figuratively. Here the eye means man’s power of seeing or eyesight. .1)She has an eye for beauty.2)The boy has a sharp eye.3)To turn a blind eye / a deaf ear to sth or sb.4)His words are unpleasant to the ear.5. losing itself in the shadowy distance…: shadowy suggests shifting illumination and distinct. . A zig-zag path loses itself in the shadowy distance of the woods.(⼀条蜿蜒的⼩路隐没在树荫深处。
高级英语第一册Unit 1 (文章结构+课文讲解+课文翻译+课后练习+答案)
《高级英语》Advanced English第一册Unit 1The Middle Eastern BazaarTHE MIDDLE EASTERN BAZAAR 教学目的及重点难点Aims of teaching1. To comprehend the whole text2. To lean and master the vocabulary and expressions3. To understand the structure of the text4. To appreciate the style and rhetoric of the passage.Important and difficult points1. What is description?2. The comprehension and appreciation of the words describing sound, colour, light, heat, size and smell.3. The appreciation of the words and expressions used for stress and exaggeration.4. Some useful expressions such as to make a point of, it is a point of honour…, and etcBackground informationThis text is taken from Advanced Comprehension and Appreciation Pieces (1962), which was intended for students preparing for the Cambridge Certificate of Proficiency Examination, & for students in the top class of secondary schools or in the first year of a university course.The Middle Eastern BazaarThe Middle Eastern bazaar takes you back hundreds --- even thousands --- of years. The one I am thinking of particularly is entered by a Gothic - arched gateway of aged brick and stone. You pass from the heat and glare of a big, open square into a cool, darkcavern which extends as far as the eye can see, losing itself in the shadowy distance. Little donkeys with harmoniously tinkling bells thread their way among the throngs of people entering and leavingthe bazaar. The roadway is about twelve feet wide, but it is narrowed every few yards by little stalls where goods of every conceivable kind are sold. The din of the stall-holder; crying their wares, of donkey-boys and porters clearing a way for themselves by shouting vigorously, and of would-be purchasers arguing and bargaining is continuous and makes you dizzy.Then as you penetrate deeper into the bazaar, the noise of the entrance fades away, and you come to the muted cloth-market. The earthen floor, beaten hard by countless feet, deadens the sound of footsteps, and the vaulted mud-brick walls and roof have hardly any sounds to echo. The shop-keepers speak in slow, measured tones, and the buyers, overwhelmed by the sepulchral atmosphere, follow suit .One of the peculiarities of the Eastern bazaar is that shopkeepers dealing in the same kind of goods do not scatter themselves over the bazaar, in order to avoid competition, but collect in the same area, so that purchasers can know where to find them, and so that they can form a closely knit guild against injustice or persecution . In the cloth-market, for instance, all the sellers of material for clothes, curtains, chair covers and so on line the roadway on both sides, each open-fronted shop having a trestle trestle table for display and shelves for storage. Bargaining is the order of the cay, and veiled women move at a leisurely pace from shop to shop, selecting, pricing and doing a little preliminary bargaining before they narrow down their choice and begin the really serious business of beating the price down.It is a point of honour with the customer not to let the shopkeeper guess what it is she really likes and wants until the last moment. If he does guess correctly, he will price the item high, and yield little in the bargaining. The seller, on the other hand, makes a point of protesting that the price he is charging is depriving him of all profit, and that he is sacrificing this because of his personal regard for the customer. Bargaining can go on the whole day, or even several days, with the customer coming and going at intervals .One of the most picturesque and impressive parts of the bazaar is the copper-smiths' market. As you approach it, a tinkling and banging and clashing begins to impinge on your ear. It grows louder and more distinct, until you round a corner and see a fairyland of dancing flashes, as the burnished copper catches the light of innumerable lamps and braziers . In each shop sit the apprentices –boys and youths, some of them incredibly young – hammering away at copper vessels of all shapes and sizes, while the shop-owner instructs, and sometimes takes a hand with a hammer himself. In the background, a tiny apprentice blows a bi-, charcoal fir e with a hugeleather bellows worked by a string attached to his big toe -- the red of the live coals glowing, bright and then dimming rhythmically to the strokes of the bellows.Here you can findbeautiful pots and bowlsengrave with delicate andintricate traditionaldesigns, or the simple,everyday kitchenwareused in this country,pleasing in form, butundecorated and strictlyfunctional. Elsewherethere is the carpet-market,with its profusion of richcolours, varied textures and regional designs -- some bold and simple, others unbelievably detailed and yet harmonious. Then there is the spice-market, with its pungent and exotic smells; and thefood-market, where you can buy everything you need for the most sumptuous dinner, or sit in a tiny restaurant with porters and apprentices and eat your humble bread and cheese. The dye-market, the pottery-market and the carpenters' market lie elsewhere in the maze of vaulted streets which honeycomb this bazaar. Every here and there, a doorway gives a glimpse of a sunlit courtyard, perhaps before a mosque or a caravanserai , where camels lie disdainfully chewing their hay, while the great bales of merchandise they have carried hundreds of miles across the desert lie beside them.Perhaps the most unforgettable thing in the bazaar, apart from its general atmosphere, is the place where they make linseed oil. It is a vast, sombre cavern of a room, some thirty feet high and sixty feet square, and so thick with the dust of centuries that the mudbrick walls and vaulted roof are only dimly visible. In this cavern are three massive stone wheels, each with a huge pole through its centre as an axle. The pole is attached at the one end to an upright post, around which it can revolve, and at the other to a blind-folded camel, which walks constantly in a circle, providing the motive power to turn the stone wheel. This revolves in a circular stone channel, into which an attendant feeds linseed. The stone wheel crushes it to a pulp, which is then pressed to extract the oil .The camels are the largest and finest I have ever seen, and in superb condition –muscular, massive and stately.The pressing of the linseed pulp to extract the oil is done by a vast ramshackle apparatus of beams and ropes and pulleys which towers to the vaulted ceiling and dwarfs the camels and their stonewheels. The machine is operated by one man, who shovels the linseed pulp into a stone vat, climbs up nimbly to a dizzy height to fasten ropes, and then throws his weight on to a great beam made out of a tree trunk to set the ropes and pulleys in motion. Ancient girders girders creak and groan , ropes tighten and then a trickle of oil oozes oozes down a stone runnel into a used petrol can. Quickly the trickle becomes a flood of glistening linseed oil as the beam sinks earthwards, taut and protesting, its creaks blending with the squeaking and rumbling of the grinding-wheels and the occasional grunts and sighs of the camels.(from Advanced Comprehension and Appreciation pieces, 1962 )NOTES1) This piece is taken from Advanced Comprehension and Appreciation Pieces, compiled for overseas students by L. A. Hill and D.J. May, published by Oxford University Press, Hong Kong, 1962.2) Middle East: generally referring to the area from Afghanistan to Egypt, including the Arabian Peninsula, Cyprus, and Asiatic Turkey.3) Gothic: a style of architecture originated in N. France in 11th century, characterized by pointed arches, ribbed vaulting, steep, high roofs, etc.4) veiled women: Some Moslems use the veil---more appropriately, the purdah --- to seclude or hide their women from the eyes of strangers.5) caravanserai (caravansary): in the Middle East, a kind of inn with a large central court, where bands of merchants or pilgrims, together with their camels or horses, stay for shelter and refreshmentTHE MIDDLE EASTERN BAZAAR 文章结构THE MIDDLE EASTERN BAZAARStructural and stylistic analysis&Writing TechniqueSection I: ( paras. 1, 2) General atmosphereTopic Sentence: The Middle Eastern...takes you ...years.ancientness, backwardness, primitivenessharmonious, liveliness, self-sufficient, simple, not sophisticated, active, vigorous, healthySection II (One of the peculiarities) the cloth marketSection III (One of the most picturesque) the coppersmith market and etc.Section IV (Perhaps the most unforgettable) the mill where linseed oil is madeTYPE of Writing: Description: A description is painting a picture in words of a person, place, object, or scene.a description essay is generally developed through sensory details, or the impressions of one’s senses --- sight, hearing, taste, smell and touch. The writer generally chooses those that help to bring out the dominant characteristic or outstanding quality of the person or thing described.1. From Macro to Micro2. words appealing to senses: light & heat, sound & movement, and smell & colour.3 nouns, adjectives and even adverbs used as verbs: thread, round, narrow, price, live, tower and dwarf.4. words imitating sounds: onomatopoeia.5. stressful and impressive sentence structures:the one I am thinking of particularly…one of the peculiarities …one of the most picturesque and impressive parts …the most unforgettable thing in the bazaar,…The Middle Eastern Bazaar 课文讲解THE MIDDLE EASTERN BAZAARDetailed Study of the Text1. Middle East: Southeast Asia and Northeast Africa,including the Near East and Iran and Afghanistan.Near Ease: the Arabian Peninsula ( Saudi Arabia, Yemen, Oman, United Arab Emirates, Qatar, Bahrein, and Kuwait), Turkey, Iraq, Syria, Jordan, Lebanon, Palestine, Egypt and Sudan.1. Middle East: Southeast Asia and Northeast Africa, including the Near East and Iran and Afghanistan.Near Ease: the Arabian Peninsula ( Saudi Arabia, Yemen, Oman, United Arab Emirates, Qatar, Bahrein, and Kuwait), Turkey, Iraq, Syria, Jordan, Lebanon, Palestine, Egypt and Sudan.Far East: China, Japan, Korea, Mongolia and East Siberia2. particular: special, single and different from others. When sth. is particular, we mean it is the single or an example of the whole under consideration. the term is clearly opposed to general and that it is a close synonym of "single".Particular is also often used in the sense of special.I have sth. very particular (special) to say to Mr. Clinton.She always took particular (special) notice of me.On this particular (single) day we had to be at school early.I don't like this particular (single) hat, but the others are quite nice.3. Gothic-arched: a type of architecture (see. ALD, church picture)Goth: one of the German tribesArch: a curved top sometimes with a central point resting on 2 supports as above a door.aged: a. [d d]My son is aged 10.When he was aged 6, he went to school.a middle aged coupleb. [d id] ancientHe is aged; her aged grandfathermedicare for the sick & aged4. glare: shining intensely, harshly, uncomfortably, and too strong; in a way unpleasant to the eyes5. cavern: a large deep cave (hollow place in the side of a cliff or hill, or underground), closed roofed place. Here in the text we can see that it is a long, narrow, dark street or workshops and stores with some sort of roof over them.6. losing itself in the shadowy distance: in the farthest distance everything becomes obscure, unclear, or only dimly visible in the dark surroundings.lose: come to be withoutshadow: greater darkness where direct light, esp. sunlight, is blocked by sth.; a dark shapeshadowy: hard to see or know about clearly, not distinct, dimHere shadowy suggests the changing of having and not having light, the shifting of lightness and darkness. There may be some spots of brightness in the dark.7. harmonious:harmony: musical notes combined together in a pleasant sounding waytinkle: to make light metallic soundcf:jingle: light tinkling soundThe rain tinkled on the metal roof.She laughed heartily, a sound as cool as ice tinkling in the glass. to tinkle coins together8. throng: large crowd of people or things, a crowd of people busy doing sth. searching up and down, engaging in some kind of activitycf: crowd: general term, large number of people together, but without order or organization.Crowd basically implies a close gathering and pressing together. The boulevard was crammed with gay, laughing crowds.Throng varies so little in meaning from crowd that the two words are often used interchangeably without loss. Throng sometimes carries the stronger implication of movement and of pushing and the weaker implication of density.Throngs circulating through the streets.The pre-Xmas sale attracted a throng of shoppers.9. thread: make one's way carefully, implies zigzag, roundaboutsThe river threads between the mountains.10. roadway:a. central part used by wheeled traffic, the middle part of a road where vehicles driveb. a strip of land over which a road passes11. narrow:In the bright sunlight she had to narrow her eyes.The river narrows at this point.They narrowed the search for the missing boy down to five streets near the school.She looked far into the shadowy distance, her eyes narrowed, a hand on the eyebrows to prevent the glare.The aircraft carrier was too big to pass through the narrows (narrow passage between two large stretches of water).12. stall: BrE. a table or small open-fronted shop in a public place, sth. not permanent, often can be put together and taken away, on which wares are set up for sale.13. din: specific word of noise, loud, confused, continuous noise, low roar which can not be distinguished exactly until you get close, often suggests unpleasant. disordered mixture of confusing and disturbing sounds, stress prolonged, deafening, ear-splitting metallic soundsThe children were making so much din that I could not make myself heard.They kicked up such a din at the party.The din stopped when the curtain was raised.the din of the cheerful crowd14. wares (always-pl.) articles offered for sale, usu. not in a shop. The word gives the impression of traditional commodity, items, goods, more likely to be sold in free-markets.to advertise / hawk / peddle one's waresGoods: articles for sale, possessions that can be moved or carried by train, road; not house, land,There is a variety of goods in the shops.goods train / freight train, canned goods, half-finished goods, clearance goods, textile goods, high-quality goodsware: (lit.) articles for sale, usu. not in a shopThe silversmith showed us his wares.The baker travelled round the town selling his wares. kitchenware, tableware, hardware, softwareearthenware, tinware, ironware, silverwarecommodity: an article of trade or commerce, esp. a farm or mineral productWheat is a valuable commodity.Wine is one of the many commodities that France sells abroad.a commodity fairmerchandise: (U.) things for sale, a general term for all the specific goods or wares.The store has the best merchandise in town.We call these goods merchandise.15. would-be: likely, possible, which one wishes to be but is nota would-be musician / football player16. purchase (fml. or tech.) to buyYou buy some eggs, but purchase a house.17. bargain: to talk about the condition of a sale, agreement, or contract18. dizzy: feeling as if everything were turning round , mentally confusedIf you suffer from anaemia, you often feel dizzy.Every night, when my head touches the pillows, I felt a wave ofdizziness.The two-day journey on the bus makes me dizzy.19. penetrate: to enter, pass, cut, or force a way into or through. The word suggests force, a compelling power to make entrance and also resistance in the medium.The bullet can penetrate a wall.The scud missile can penetrate a concrete works of 1 metre thick. Rainwater has penetrated through the roof of my house.20. fade: to lose strength, colour, freshness, etc.fade away: go slowly out of hearing, gradually disappearingThe farther you push / force your way into the bazaar, the lower and softer the noise becomes until finally it disappears. Then you arrive at the cloth market where the sound is hardly audible. Colour cloth often fades when it is washed.The light faded as the sun went down.The sound of the footsteps faded away.The noise of the airplane faded away.21. mute:adj.a. silent, without speechThe boy has been mute since birth.b. not pronounced:The word "debt" contains a mute letter.noun:a. a person who cannot speakThe boy was born a deaf mute.( has healthy speech organs but never has heard speech sounds, can be trained to speak){cf: He is deaf and dumb (unable to speak).}b. an object that makes a musical instrument give softer sound when placed against the strings or in the stream of airverb: to reduce the sound of, to make a sound softer than usualto mute a musical instrumentHere in the text the word "muted" is used to suggest the compelling circumstances, forcing you to lower your sound.22. beaten: (of a path, track, etc.) that is given shape by the feet of those who pass along it, suggesting ancientness, timelessness. The path becomes flat due to the treading of countless people through thousands of years.We followed a well-beaten path through the forest.23. deaden: to cause to lose strength, force, feeling, and brightnessto deaden the painTwo of these pills will deaden the ache.24. measured: steady, careful, slow, suggesting lack ofspeed, paying attention to what to say25. overwhelm: overcome, control completely and usu. suddenlyThe enemy were overwhelmed by superior forces.Sorrow overwhelmed the family.She was overwhelmed with griefThey won an overwhelming victory / majority.26. sepulchral: related to grave, gloomy, dismalsepulchre / er : old and bibl. use, a burial place; a tomb, esp. one cut in rock or built of stone27. follow suit: to do the same as one else has, to play / to deal the cards of the same suits (in poker, there two red suits, and two black suits. They are hearts, diamonds, spades, clubs, jokers, aces, kings, queens and jacks (knaves).When the others went swimming, I followed suit.He went to bed and I followed suit after a few minutes.28. peculiarity: a distinguishing characteristic, special feature, suggesting difference from normal or usual, strangeness. One of his peculiarities is that his two eyes are not the same colour.The large fantail is a peculiarity of the peacock.The peculiarity of her behaviour puzzled everyone.29. deal in: sell and buy, trade inThis merchant deals in silk goods.Most foreign trading companies in West Africa deal in rubber, cocoa and vegetable oils.30. scatter: to cause (a group) to separate widely, to spread widely in all directions as if by throwingThe frightened people scattered about in all directions.One of the special features / characteristics of the M.E. bazaar is that shopkeepers in the same trade always gather together in the same place to do their business.31. knit: to make things to wear by uniting threads into a kind of close network. Here, to unite or join closely32. guild / gild: an association for businessmen or skilled workers who joined together in former times to help one another and to make rules for training new members33. persecution: cruel treatmentpersecute: to treat cruelly, cause to suffer, esp. for religious or political beliefsThe first immigrants came to American mainly because they wanted to avoid religious persecution / after being persecuted for their religious beliefs.be persecuted by sb. for sth.bloody / terrible /relentless persecutionsuffer from / be subjected to political / religious persecution34. line: form rows along35. trestle: wooden beam fixed at each end to a pair of spreading legs, used, usu. in pairs, as a removable support of a table or other flat surface.36. order of the day: the characteristic or dominant feather or activity, the prevailing state of thingsIf sth. is the order of the day, it is very common among a particular group of peopleConfusion became the order of the day in the Iraqi headquarters due to the electronic interference from the Allied forces. Learning from Lei Feng and Jiao Yulu has become the order of the day recently.Jeans and mini-skirts are no longer the order of the day now. During that period, the Gulf War became the order of the day.37. veil: covering of fine net or other material to protect or hidea woman's face38. leisure: time free from work, having plenty of free time, not in a hurry to do sth.39. pace: rate or speed in walking, marching, running or developing40. preliminary: coming before sth. introducing or preparing for sth. more important, preparatoryThere were several preliminary meetings before the general assembly.A physical examination is a preliminary to joining the army.41. beat down: to reduce by argument or other influence, to persuade sb. to reduce a priceThe man asked $5 for the dress, but I beat him down to $4.50.42. a point of honour: sth. considered important for one's self-respectIt's a point of honour with me to keep my promise = I made it a point of honour to keep my promise.In our country, it is a point of honour with a boy to pay the bill when he is dining with a girl / when he dines a girl; but on the other hand, a western girl would regard it a point of honour (with her) to pay the bill herself.43. make a point of / make it a point to: do sth because one considers it important or necessary, to take particular care of, make extraordinary efforts in, regard or treat as necessaryI always make a point of checking that all the windows are shut before I go out.I always made a point of being on time.I always make a point of remembering my wife's birthday.He made a point of thanking his hostess before he left the party. The rush-hour commute to my job is often nerve-racking, so I make it a point to be a careful and considerate motorist.Some American people make it a point of conscience to have no social distinctions between whites and blacks.44. what it is: used to stressWhat is it she really likes?What is it you do?What is it you really want?45. protest: to express one's disagreement, feeling of unfairnessHere: insist firmly, a firming strongly46. deprive of: take away from, prevent from usingto deprive sb. of political rights / of his power / civil rightsThe misfortunes almost deprived him of his reason.The accident deprived him of his sight / hearing.47. sacrifice: to give up or lose, esp. for some good purpose or beliefThe ancient Greeks sacrificed lambs or calves before engaging in a battle.(infml) to sell sth. at less than its cost or valueI need the money and I have to sacrifice (on the price of) my car.48. regard: regard, respect, esteem, admire and their corresponding nouns are comparable when they mean a feeling for sb. or sth.Regard is the most colourless as well as the most formal. It usu. requires a modifier to reinforce its meaningI hold her in high / low / the greatest regard.to have a high / low regard for sb's opinion.Steve was not highly regarded in his hometown.It is proper to use respect from junior to senior or inferior to superior. It also implies a considered and carefulevaluation or estimation. Sometimes it suggests recognition of sth. as sacred. He respected their views even though he could not agree with them.to have respect for one's privacy, rights...Esteem implies greater warmth of feeling accompanying a high valuation.Einstein's theory of relativity won for his universal esteem. Admiration and Admire, like esteem, imply a recognition of superiority, but they usually connote more enthusiastic appreciation, and sometimes suggest genuine affection. Sometimes the words stress the personal attractiveness of the object of admiration, and weaken the implication of esteem.I have long felt the deepest esteem for you, and your present courageous attitude has added admiration to esteem.regard:to regard sb's wishes / advice / what... (but not sb.)respect:to respect sb.to respect sb.'s courage / opinion /esteem:to esteem sb.to esteem sb. for his honesty / courageadmire:to admire sb.to admire the flowers / sb.' poem49. the customer coming and going at intervals.A customer buys things from a shop; a client get services from a lawyer, a bank or a hairdresser; One who get medical services is a patient and a guest is served in a hotel.at intervals: happening regularly after equal periods of time Trains leave at short intervals.The trees were planted beside the road at 50-meters intervals.50. picturesque: charming or interesting enough to be made into a picture, striking, vivid51. -smith: a worker in metal, a makercopper- / gold- / tin- / black- / gun-smith52. clash: a noisy, usu. metallic sound of collisionswords clashThe dustbins clashed as the men emptied them.bang: to hit violently, to make a loud noiseThe door banged open / shut.He banged the window shut.53. impinge on (upon): to strike or dash esp. with a sharp collisionI heard the rain impinge upon the earth.The strong light impinge on his eyes.The noise of the aeroplane overhead impinged on our ears.to have effect onThe need to see that justice is done impinges on every decision made in the courts.54. distinct: clearly seen, heard, understood, etc. plane, noticeable, and distinguishable to the eye or ear or mind Anything clearly noticed is distinctThere is a distinct smell of beer in this room.A thing or quality that is clearly different from others of its kind is distinctive or distinct fromBeer has a very distinctive smell. It is quite distinct from the smell of wine.55. round:Please round your lips to say "oo".Stones rounded by the action of water are called cobbles.The ship rounded the cape / the tip of the peninsula.56. burnish: to polish, esp. metal, usu. with sth. hard and smooth, polish by friction, make smooth and shiny57. brazier: open metal framework like a basket, usu. on leg, for holding a charcoal or coal fire (see picture in ALD)58. youth: often derog. a young person, esp. a young malea group of youthsthe friends of my youthcollective noun: the youth (young men and women) of the nation59. incredible: This word comes from credit, which means belief, trust, and faithcredit cardWe place full credit in the government's ability.We gave credit to his story.credible: deserving or worthy of belief, trustworthyIs the witness's story credible?After this latest affair he hardly seems credible as a politician. incredible: too strange to be believed, unbelievable60. hammer away at:away: continuously, constantlySo little Hans worked away in his garden.He was laughing (grumbling) away all afternoon.61. vessel:a. usu. round container, such as a glass, pot, bottle, bucket or barrel, used for holding liquidsb. (fml) a ship or large boatc. a tube that carries blood or other liquid through the body, or plant juice through a plant: blood vessel62. bellows: an instrument for blowing air into a fire to make it burn quickly63. the red of the live...The light of the burning coal becomes alternately bright and dim (by turns, one follows the other) as the coal burns and dies down, burns again, along with the repeated movements of the bellows.64. glow: send out brightness or warmth, heat or light without flame or smokeWhen you draws a deep mouthful, the cigarette tip glows.65. rhythmically: happening at regular periods of time, alternately; by turns。
高级英语第一册第一课课文词汇
高级英语Lesson (1)的词汇短语集锦Page 1 of 1 made by LizzieLesson 1词汇(Vocabulary)Bazaar (n.) 市场,集市cavern (n .)洞穴,山洞(尤指大洞穴,大山洞) shadowy (adj.) 模糊的;朦胧的harmonious (adj .) (音调)和谐的,悦耳的/harmoniously adv . throng (n.) 人群;群集conceivable (adj.) 可想象的,想得到的 din (n.) : 喧闹声,嘈杂声would-be ( adj .) :预期成为……的 muted (adj.) : (声音)减弱的vaulted ( adj .) : 穹窿形的;拱形的sepulchral(n .) :洞穴,山洞(尤指大洞穴,大山洞) shadowy (adj.) :坟墓般的;阴森森的 guild ( n .) 互助会;协会trestle (n.) :支架;脚手台架;搁凳 impinge (v .) :对……具有影响 fairyland (n.) :仙境;奇境burnish ( v .) : 擦亮;磨光;抛光 brazier ( n.) :火盆;火钵dim ( v .) :(使)变暗淡;(使)变模糊 rhythmic 有韵律的;有节奏的 bellows ( n.) :(单复同)风箱intricate ( adj .) :错综复杂的;精心制作的 exotic ( adj .) :奇异的;异常迷人的sumptuous ( adj .) :involving great expense ;costly lavish 豪华的;奢侈的;昂贵的 maze ( n.) :迷津;迷宫;曲径 honeycomb ( v .) 使成蜂窝状 mosque ( n.) 清真寺;伊斯兰教堂caravanserai /caravansery ( n.)东方商队的客店 disdainful ( n.)轻视的,轻蔑的;傲慢的 bale ( n.) :a large bundle 大包,大捆 linseed ( n.) :亚麻籽somber ( adj .) 阴沉的;昏暗的 pulp ( n.) :浆ramshackle ( adj .) 要倒塌似的,摇摇欲坠的 . dwarf ( v .) 使矮小;使无足轻重;使(相形之下)显得渺小;使相形见绌 vat ( n.) :大缸;大桶nimble ( adj .) :灵活的;敏捷的/nimbly adv . girder ( n.) :大梁trickle ( n.) :细流;涓流ooze ( v .) :渗出;慢慢地流 runnel ( n.) 小溪;小沟;小槽----------------------------------------------------------------- glisten (v .) :(湿的表面或光滑面)反光;闪耀,闪光 taut ( adj .) :(绳子等)拉紧的,绷紧的 短语 (Expressions)thread one ’s way:小心,缓慢地挤过(不断地改变方向)follow suit:赶潮流,学样narrow down: 缩小(范围,数字等) beat down:(与卖主)往下砍价----------------------------------------------------------------- make a point of:认为……是必要的 take a hand: 帮助,帮忙throw one ’s weight on to (sth .)使劲压在(某物)上 set …in motion: 使…一运动,移动 fade away 逐渐消失; 慢慢褪去 order of the day 司空见惯;议事日程;流行的事物;当日命令a point of honor 事关名誉的大事;名誉攸关之事 deprive of 剥夺;失去at intervals 时时,不时;相隔一定距离(或时间)。
自考高级英语各类笔记汇总 上册 Lesson1
背景知识(Background knowledge)Rock MusicA form of popular music is characterized by a pronounced, amplified beat. Electric guitars are almost always the main instrumental sound source. The modem rock band's basic elements are one or more vocalists, an electric lead guitar and bass guitar and drums. A rhythm guitar is often included, and many bands also use keyboards. "Rock-and-roll" was coined in the mid-1950 by a Cleveland broadcaster, Alan Freed, to replace "rhythm-and-blues"——a term that Freed thought had too many racial overtones'. (It was being called "race music" in some quarters at the time.) Rhythm-and-blues was itself an updated, urbanized stylization of the blues, which had been developed mainly by rural or country-oriented black musicians. When the music was renamed rock-and-roll, it also underwent an elemental change, particularly when white performers saw how eagerly young audiences responded. "White" music——that is essentially conventional popular music with a decided country-and-western flavor——was blended with rhythm-and-blues, and young people continued to hold a proprietary attitude about it. Rock went through its share of phases and participated in a number of pop culture fads.课文要义(Main idea of the text)The author focuses on the social influences of the rock music in terms of sociology. By contrasting different attitudes toward the rock among the young and adult audience, the author points out that rock is served as an expression of social ideas, and also provides a debating stage for different ideas. Rock 'n' roll stars express the young generation's viewpoints on various political and social problems, and also help the society see its own beliefs and attitudes, and express the young men's feelings and hope.词汇(Vocabulary)1.adulation: (n.) excessive admiration or praise; flatteryThe magazine is full of the fan’s adulation of their favorite pop stars.杂志上充满了歌迷对他们所喜爱的歌手的吹捧。
高级英语上册lesson1单词
jug
[dʒʌɡ]
(有柄的)水罐
I managed to grab hold of thejugbefore it fell.
我设法抓住了那个罐子才未跌落。
lyrics
['lɪrɪks]
歌词,抒情诗
Theselyricsare not of a sweet, sentimental kind.
圆形露天剧场
TheChicagoAmphitheaterwas packed, sweltering rocking.
芝加哥半圆形剧场里拥挤不堪,热浪滚滚,人潮涌动。
baptismal
[bæpˈtɪzməl]
洗礼的
They surge to follow him, eager to be touched by a fewbaptismaldrops.
crunch
[krʌntʃ]
发出嘈杂声地走,嘎吱作响地走,嘎吱嘎吱地咬嚼
I heard a loudcrunch.
我听到嘎吱一声巨响。
When it comes to thecrunchthey will support us.
到紧要关头他们会支持我们的。
disaffection
[ˌdɪsə'fekʃn]
我想,社会科学规律或假说是存在的。
sociologist
[ˌsəʊsɪ'ɒlədʒɪst]
社会学家
RUSKIN, JOHN (1819 -- 1900) English critic on art, essayist andsociologist.
约翰·罗斯金(1819-1900)英国艺术评论家、散文家和社会学家。
高级英语(第三版)第一册第一课 Face to Face with Hurricane Camille
• Seconds after the roof blew off the house (it tells the force of the wind)
(para19) the storm…in its concentrated breadth of some 70 miles it shot out winds of nearly 200 m.p.h. and raised tides as high as 30 feet. Along the Gulf Coast, it devastated everything in its swath: 19,467 homes and 709 businesses were demolished or severely damaged. It seized 1 60,000 gallon Gulfport oil tank and dumped it 3 ½ miles away. It tore three large cargo ships from their moorings and beached them. Telephone poles and 20-inch-thick pipes cracked like guns as the winds snapped them.
在飓风中心纵横约70英里的范围内,其风速接近每小时200英里.掀起的浪 头高达30英尺.海湾沿岸风过之处,所有东西被一扫而光. 19467户人家 和709家小商号不是完全被毁,便是遭到严重破坏.高尔夫港一个60万 加仑的油罐被狂风刮起, 摔到3.5英里以外。 三艘大型货轮被刮离泊 位,推上岸滩。电线杆和20英寸粗的松树一遇狂风袭击便像连珠炮 似的根根断裂。
高级英语1 第三版 课文翻译和单词
高级英语(第三版)第一册课文译文和词汇张汉熙版Lesson 1 Face to Face with Hurricane Camille迎战卡米尔号飓风约瑟夫.布兰克小约翰。
柯夏克已料到,卡米尔号飓风来势定然凶猛。
就在去年8月17日那个星期天,当卡米尔号飓风越过墨西哥湾向西北进袭之时,收音机和电视里整天不断地播放着飓风警报。
柯夏克一家居住的地方一-密西西比州的高尔夫港--肯定会遭到这场飓风的猛烈袭击。
路易斯安那、密西西比和亚拉巴马三州沿海一带的居民已有将近15万人逃往内陆安全地带。
但约翰就像沿海村落中其他成千上万的人一样,不愿舍弃家园,要他下决心弃家外逃,除非等到他的一家人一-妻子詹妮丝以及他们那七个年龄从三岁到十一岁的孩子一一眼看着就要灾祸临头。
为了找出应付这场风灾的最佳对策,他与父母商量过。
两位老人是早在一个月前就从加利福尼亚迁到这里来,住进柯夏克一家所住的那幢十个房间的屋子里。
他还就此征求过从拉斯韦加斯开车来访的老朋友查理?希尔的意见。
约翰的全部产业就在自己家里(他开办的玛格纳制造公司是设计、研制各种教育玩具和教育用品的。
公司的一切往来函件、设计图纸和工艺模具全都放在一楼)。
37岁的他对飓风的威力是深有体会的。
四年前,他原先拥有的位于高尔夫港以西几英里外的那个家就曾毁于贝翠号飓风(那场风灾前夕柯夏克已将全家搬到一家汽车旅馆过夜)。
不过,当时那幢房子所处的地势偏低,高出海平面仅几英尺。
"我们现在住的这幢房子高了23英尺,,'他对父亲说,"而且距离海边足有250码远。
这幢房子是1915年建造的。
至今还从未受到过飓风的袭击。
我们呆在这儿恐怕是再安全不过了。
"老柯夏克67岁.是个语粗心慈的熟练机械师。
他对儿子的意见表示赞同。
"我们是可以严加防卫。
度过难关的,"他说?"一但发现危险信号,我们还可以赶在天黑之前撤出去。
" 为了对付这场飓风,几个男子汉有条不紊地做起准备工作来。
高级英语(1)第三版 Lesson 1 Face to Face with Hurricane Camille Paraphrase&Translation 答案
Lesson 1 Face to Face with Hurricane CamilleⅣ. Paraphrase:1. We're elevated 23 feet. (para 3)We' re 23 feet above sea level./Our house is 23 feet above sea level.2. The place has been here since 1915, and no hurricane has ever bothered it. (para 3)The house has been here since 1915, and no hurricane has ever caused any damage to it.The house was built in 1915, and since then no hurricane has done any damage to it.3. We can batten down and ride it out. (para 4)We can make the necessary preparations and survive the hurricane without much damage.4. The generator was doused, and the lights went out. (para 9)Water got into the generator and put it out. It stopped producing electricity, so the lights also went out.5. Everybody out the back door to the cars! (para 10)Everybody go out through the back door and run to the cars.6. The electrical systems had been killed by water. (para 11)The electrical systems in the car had been put out by water/destroyed by water.7. John watched the water lap at the steps, and felt a crushing guilt. (para 17)As John watched the water inch its way up the steps, he felt a strong sense of guilt because he blamed himself for endangering the whole family by deciding not to flee inland.8. Get us through this mess, will You? (para 17)Oh God, please help us to get through this storm safely.9. She carried on alone for a few bars; then her voice trailed away. (para 21)Grandmother Koshak sang a few words alone and then her voice gradually grew dimmer and stopped.10. Janis had just one delayed reaction. (para 34)Janis displayed rather late the exhaustion brought about by the nervous tension caused by the hurricane.Janis did n’t show any fear on the spot during the storm, but she reavealed her feelings caused by the storm a few nights after the hurricane by getting up in the middle of the night and crying softly.V. Translation.①.每架飞机起飞之前必须经过严格的检查。
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• 5. 课后练习
• 重点关注D部分近义词辨析。做完课后练习中 的汉译英。
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高级英语 I - 01
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《高级英语》(上)
Lesson 1
Rock Superstars:
What Do They Tell Us
About Ourselves and Our Society
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高级英语 I - 01
7
Language Points
2 It was late December, 1973. Some 14,000 screaming fans were crunching up to the front of the stage at Capital Center, outside Washington, D. C. Alice Cooper, America’s singing ghoul, was ending his act. He ends it by pretending to end his life --- with a guillotine. [0110:33] His “head” drops into a straw basket. “Ooh,” gasped a girl dressed in black. “Oh, isn’t that marvelous?” Fourteen-year-old Mike Perlie was there too, but his parents weren’t. “They think he’s sick, sick, sick.” Mike said. “They say to me, ‘How can you stand that stuff?’”
• 5. 问答
• 就文章提出一个问题,要求回答。计10分。
• 6. 汉英翻译
• 从文章中摘出相关句子的中文,要求翻译成英文。共6小题,1---4小题为较 简短的单句,每句2分,第5小题为较长的单句,计4分,第6小题为句群, 计8分。6句共计20分。
• 从汉英翻译及完形填空的选择来看,上册比重在60%左右。
• 2.单项选择
• 从A,B,C,D 四个选项中选出一个正确的项完成句子。考查内容为课后 练习D部分的近义词辨析。15小题,每题一分,计15分。
• 阅读 阅读一篇约1000单词的文章。下设三种题型:
• 3. 单项选择
• 考查文意理解。10小题,每题2分,计20分。
• 4.英汉翻译
• 从该篇文章中抽出5个句子,要求翻译成中文。每题2分,计10分。
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
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高级英语 I - 01
6
Language Points
1 It was mid-June, 1972, the Chicago Amphitheater was packed, sweltering, rocking. Onstage, Mick Jagger of the Rolling Stones was singing “Midnight Rambler”. Critic Don Heckman was there when the song ended. “Jagger,” he said, “grabs a half-gallon jug of water and runs along the front platform, sprinkling its contents over the first few rows of sweltering listeners. They surge to follow him, eager to be touched by a few baptismal drops.”
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高级英语 I - 01
8
Language Points
3 It was late January, 1974. Inside the Nassau Coliseum in Uniondale, New York, Bob Dylan and The Band were tuning for a concert. Outside, in the pouring rain, fan Chris Singer was waiting to get in. “This is pilgrimage,” Chris said. “I ought to be crawling on my knees.” 4 How do you feel about all this adulation and hero worship? When Mick Jagger’s fans look at him as a high priest or a god, are you with them or against them? Do you share Chris Singer’s almost religious reverence for Bob Dylan? Do you think he --- or Dylan --- is misguided? Do you reject Alice Cooper as sick? Or are you drawn somehow to this strange clown, perhaps because he acts out your wildest fantasies?
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高级英语 I - 01
3
复习方法
1.出声朗读
每篇至少两遍。然后重点读重点段落。
• 2.精读
• 弄清文意以及段落框架,尽可能记得文章的 论述思路和要点。
• 3.翻译练习
• 对文章进行口头翻译。(英汉互译);笔头翻 译较难句子 (主要是汉译英)。
• 4. 重点段落
• 关注划出的重点段落,准备完形。仔细分析 文章,关注其他可能出完形的地方。
Welcome To My Class!
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高级英语 I - 01
1
暮色苍茫看劲松, 乱云飞渡仍从容,
天生一个仙人洞, 袁劲松
无限风光在险峰。
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高级英语 I - 01
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最新题型
• 1,完形填空
• 从上下册中抽出5段文字,每段长度40-60词,可是完整段落也可是段落的 一部分(相对独立句群)。每段文字设5空,每空1分,计25分。
高级英语 I - 01
5
Language Points
Rock is the music of teenage rebellion. --- John Rockwell, rock music critic
By a man’s heroes ye shall know him. ---Robert Penn Warren, novelist