3(新)
新标准大学英语3(第二版)(综合教程)参考答案
Unit 1Active reading 1First reading Task 1CFirst reading Task 2BCCDCAReading in detail: Vocabulary exercises Task 11.attendance2.ambitious3.productive4.resistance5.script6.acceptanceReading in detail: Vocabulary exercises Task 21.mortgage2.deck3.surf4.(1)coastal (2) defy5.clamped6.criticized7.hauled8.precedingReading in detail: Vocabulary exercises Task 3 BABBB BABBActive reading 2First reading TaskReading in detail: Vocabulary exercises Task 1 1. (1)elapsed (2) cemetery2. (1)rear (2) crammed3triple4. (1)budding (2) biography5.finite6.dwellers7.invest8.skip9.inevitableReading in detail: Vocabulary exercises Task 2 ABAAA BAAAB BAABB BAGuided writingWriting Task 11-b,2-c,3-aWriting Task 21-c,2-a,3-bUnit testPart I: Vocabulary and StructureSection A1.ingenious2.promotion3.surf4.provisiona5.Chronologically6.ambitious7.Inevitably8.skip9.impromptu10.resistance11.untimely12.defy13.permanently14.attendance15.prologue16.allot17.acceptance18.uncertainty19.productive20.humiliationSection B21.on22.out23.for24.to25.about26.in27.of28.at29.out30.underPart II: Banked Cloze31.promotion32.transition33.sidelines34.lengthy35.rear36.dwellers37.mortgage38.finite39.budding40.coastalPart III: Reading ComprehensionCBDDAUnit 2Active reading 1First reading Task 11.The parents couldn't afford to give the children expensivepresents,so they would buy presents after Christmas at a reduced price.2. Other children's parents told them that their presents were left by Santa Claus and made in the North Pole.In fact,the presentswere made in Japan and left by the parents.3.They celebrated Christmas about a week later,because at that time they could get Christmas trees,wrapping paper,decorations,andpresents more cheaply,or even for free.4.One child went into the desert with the father each time.5.They went to see the stars because the father wanted to"give" eachchild a star or planet.He said that these were their Christmas presens.6.According to the father,the stars didn't belong to anyone,sothey could be claimed by the children.7.Betelgeuse and Rigel are stars,while Venus is a planet,not a star.Venus is smaller than a star and doesn't make its own light.8.The stars last much longer than toys.The father says that whenthe toys are all broken and forgotten,the stars will still exist.First reading Task 2CReading in detail: Vocabulary exercises Task 11.twinkle2.horizon3.deceiveyer5.descendants6.magneticReading in detail: Vocabulary exercises Task 21.marbles2.junkbel4.mythical5.logicalReading in detail: Vocabulary exercises Task 3B A B B A A AActive reading 2First reading Task 11.expected to be good and industrious2.developing a process of acquiring thought,reason and understanding3.regularly beaten and told off by parents and older siblings until they develop social competence,seen as being very naughty.4.trcated with great care and reverence,believed that they arein contact with the spirit world.5.seen as incompetent and irresponsible; playing not working,going to school not labouring,consumption instead of productionpetent and responsible; expected to workpetent and responsible; girls expected to work from a young age,be married and have children at 12 or 13; boys have fewerresponsibilities and get married laterFirst reading Task 2DABDCCReading in detail: Vocabulary exercises Task 11.contact2.harsh3.consumers4.knitting5.colonies6.take exception to7.impose8.perspect ive9.interveneReading in detail: Vocabulary exercises Task 21.continual2.dependent on3.ethnic5.outsiders6.reluctance7.externalReading in detail: Vocabulary exercises Task 3A A AB A B B ALanguage in useTask 11.The star ofthe play is a Hollywood actor.2.I couldn't refuse his offer.3.Columbus claimed America in the name of Queen Isabella.4.He touched the hot dish and burmed his fingers.5.We laughed about all the kids who believed in Santa.6.Our ideas about childhood have undergone changes over the years.7.Our view about children is that they are incompetent and dependent.8.Social anthropologists have questions about the role of childhood in the community.1.irreplaceable2.irrational3.unacceptable4.ineffcient5.inaccurate6.unlikelyTask 3The clauses that usually follow rather than are main clauses,subordinate clauses and-ing form clauses.Note: Nouns can also come after rather than.Task 41.Rather than celebrating Christmas on December 25,they waiteda week.2.Her father offered her the planet Venus,rather than traditional Christmas present.3.Venus is a planet,rather than a star.4.Rather than broken junk,they would always have their stars.5.Rather than work,a child's li fe today is characterized by play.6.Parents treat their children with leniency, rather than reasoning with them.1.core competence2.(1)imposes (2)ban3.tight-knit4.(1)knit (2 )brows5.(1)knit (2) jumper /hat6.energy consumptionTask 6在西方，做父母的非常了解受父母过度保护的孩子的弱点:这些孩子害怕冒险，缺乏决断力，缺少在现实生活中获得成功的手段; 上大学时，许多人无法较好地适应大学生活的严苛，退学是常有的事。
漫 画 私 人 健 身 教 练 贤 秀 1 3 话(最新)
怎样画漫画人物的眼睛辅助线的倾斜程度决定眼睛会有多大多宽。
你可看看本页后面的例子，来体会线条倾斜度所产生的变化效果。
通过辅助。
要画得略粗些。
擦掉辅助线，在眼睛里面画一个长的椭圆形。
也有些漫画人物的虹膜是个大的圆形，不过这里我们把它画成细长的椭圆形，当然你可以根据自己的喜好把形状调宽些。
椭圆形上部将被上眼线所遮盖--其实不论哪种风格的眼睛，我们都无法完全看到整个眼珠，上部几乎都要被眼框边缘掩盖。
下一步，画出眼珠高光的轮廓线。
通常漫画人物的眼睛会有一些阴影。
漫画中女孩一般也都具有明显的阴影和光泽。
确立你画中选择的光源，并且在整个画面中都是始终不变的。
举例来说，如果在一张画中光线是从左边照射的，那么画面其余部分的高光区也必须源于左边，否则光线所产生的明暗关系就不协调了。
画两个长椭圆形:大的椭圆形在虹膜的左上部，很小的那个在眼睛的另一边。
接着，在高光的下面画上瞳孔。
高亮区一般位于上端，千万别把瞳孔画到高光下面了。
再画出睫毛，我们所画的这个眼睛，睫毛是从眼睛右上部长出的连续的穗状物。
睫毛要顺着眼睛的曲线来画，看起来才会像是由眼上长出的，别光画些粘在她眼睛上的“Z”形的折线^_~其实睫毛就是从眼皮上边生出的细小曲线啦。
点击层面板上的选框，将层1设定为"保护区透明区"，如左图所示。
这样你只能在已有的线条上加色，而不会把没涂颜色的空白处弄脏。
它的作用非常重要。
选一支大的画笔，用纯黑色在整个画面上涂抹。
所勾的边线将会变成它应有的黑色。
好，现在我们开始画另一种风格的眼睛--不是我们通常所见的一种。
这种类型更细长、优雅，看起来也写实一些，所以比较严肃的动、漫画中常常采用。
这种特殊的眼睛属于“”类，比杀手还要酷得多的造型。
先画一条细长的曲线。
左边应该比右边低。
为了便于定义眼睛的底边，从眼睛的边缘开始轻轻画两条对角交叉线作为辅助线。
与上面的教程不同，此处的辅助线没那样垂直。
辅助线越趋于水平线，眼睛将会越小。
新标准大学英语综合教程3课文翻译(完整版)
新标准大学英语综合教程3课文翻译(完整版)Unit 1Active reading 1抓螃蟹大学最后一年的秋天，我们的心情变了。
刚刚过去的夏季学期的轻松氛围、即兴球赛、查尔斯河上的泛舟以及深夜晚会都不见了踪影，我们开始埋头学习，苦读到深夜，课堂出勤率再次急剧上升。
我们都觉得在校时间不多了，以后再也不会有这样的学习机会了，所以都下定决心不再虚度光阴。
当然，下一年四五月份的期末考试最为重要。
我们谁都不想考全班倒数第一，那也太丢人了，因此同学们之间的竞争压力特别大。
以前每天下午五点以后，图书馆就空无一人了，现在却要等到天快亮时才会有空座，小伙子们熬夜熬出了眼袋，他们脸色苍白，睡眼惺忪，却很自豪，好像这些都是表彰他们勤奋好学的奖章。
还有别的事情让大家心情焦虑。
每个人都在心里盘算着过几个月毕业离校之后该找份什么样的工作。
并不总是那些心怀抱负、成绩拔尖的高材生才清楚自己将来要做什么，常常是那些平日里默默无闻的同学早早为自己下几个阶段的人生做好了规划。
有位同学在位于麦迪逊大道他哥哥的广告公司得到了一份工作，另一位同学写的电影脚本已经与好莱坞草签了合约。
我们当中野心最大的一位同学准备到地方上当一个政党活动家，我们都预料他最终会当上参议员或国会议员。
但大多数同学不是准备继续深造，就是想在银行、地方政府或其他单位当个白领，希望在 20 出头的时候能挣到足够多的薪水，过上舒适的生活，然后就娶妻生子，贷款买房，期望升职，过安稳日子。
感恩节的时候我回了一趟家，兄弟姐妹们免不了不停地问我毕业后有什么打算，我不知道该说什么。
实际上，我知道该说什么，但我怕他们批评我，所以只对他们说了别人都准备干什么。
父亲看着我，什么也没说。
夜深时，他叫我去他的书房。
我们坐了下来，他给我们俩各倒了杯饮料。
“怎么样？”他问。
“啊，什么怎么样？”“你毕业后到底想做什么？”他问道。
父亲是一名律师，我一直都认为他想让我去法学院深造，追随他的人生足迹，所以我有点儿犹豫。
【考点】2020年中考考点讲练案：3 定义新运算 (教师版)
1.定义新运算是一种人为的、临时性的运算形式，是可以深刻理解数学本源的题型，它使用的是一些特
殊的运算符号，如：*、△、⊙， # 等。
2. 熟练掌握有理数的运算，整式的化简和分式的化简，方程、不等式的解法。
※要点突破
解答定义新运算，关键是要正确地理解新定义的算式含义，然后严格按照新定义的计算程序，将数值
根据“对数”运算的定义，回答下列问题：
（1）填空： log6 6
， log381
．
（2）如果 log2 m 2 3，求 m 的值．
（3）对于“对数”运算，小明同学认为有“ logaMN logaM loga N （a＞0，a≠1，M＞0，N＞0）”，
他的说法正确吗？如果正确，请给出证明过程；如果不正 确，请说明理由，并加以改正．
的值.
17．我们已经学习了“乘方”运算，下面介绍一种新运算，即“对数”运算．
定义：如果 ab N （a＞0，a≠1，N＞0），那么 b 叫做以 a 为底 N 的对数，记作 loga N b ．
例如：因为 53 125 ，所以 log5125 3 ；因为112 121，所以 log11121 2 ．
,然后根据有理数的乘法和加法,
因为规定
＝ad－bc,
所以
故选 B.
3．对 ， 定义一种新运算“※”，规定：的值是（ 源自．A．B．C．
【答案】C
, （其中 ， 均为非零常数），若
D．
，
．则
【解析】根据新定义的运算律可得 即可.
，解方程即可得到 m、n 的值，再带入到. 中，求解
根据题意可得方程组
解得
，
7．如果
是
。
表 示 运 算 x+y+z ，
3 2021最新版-计量法实施细则(2018年3月19日修正)
中华人民共和国计量法实施细则（1987年1月19日国务院批准；1987年2月1日国家计量局发布；根据2016年2月6日《国务院关于修改部分行政法规的决定》第一次修正；根据2017年3月1日《国务院关于修改和废止部分行政法规的决定》第二次修正；根据2018年3月19日《国务院关于修改和废止部分行政法规的决定》第三次修正）第一章总则第一条根据《中华人民共和国计量法》的规定，制定本细则。
第二条国家实行法定计量单位制度。
法定计量单位的名称、符号按照国务院关于在我国统一实行法定计量单位的有关规定执行。
第三条国家有计划地发展计量事业，用现代计量技术装备各级计量检定机构，为社会主义现代化建设服务，为工农业生产、国防建设、科学实验、国内外贸易以及人民的健康、安全提供计量保证，维护国家和人民的利益。
第二章计量基准器具和计量标准器具第四条计量基准器具（简称计量基准，下同）的使用必须具备下列条件：（一）经国家鉴定合格；（二）具有正常工作所需要的环境条件；（三）具有称职的保存、维护、使用人员；（四）具有完善的管理制度。
符合上述条件的，经国务院计量行政部门审批并颁发计量基准证书后，方可使用。
第五条非经国务院计量行政部门批准，任何单位和个人不得拆卸、改装计量基准，或者自行中断其计量检定工作。
第六条计量基准的量值应当与国际上的量值保持一致。
国务院计量行政部门有权废除技术水平落后或者工作状况不适应需要的计量基准。
第七条计量标准器具（简称计量标准，下同）的使用，必须具备下列条件：（一）经计量检定合格；（二）具有正常工作所需要的环境条件；（三）具有称职的保存、维护、使用人员；（四）具有完善的管理制度。
第八条社会公用计量标准对社会上实施计量监督具有公证作用。
县级以上地方人民政府计量行政部门建立的本行政区域内最高等级的社会公用计量标准，须向上一级人民政府计量行政部门申请考核；其他等级的，由当地人民政府计量行政部门主持考核。
经考核符合本细则第七条规定条件并取得考核合格证的，由当地县级以上人民政府计量行政部门审批颁发社会公用计量标准证书后，方可使用。
(完整版)全新版大学英语综合教程3单词汇总
全新版大学英语综合教程第三册单词第一单元get by 过得去frustration 挫折；令人失望suburban 郊区的suburb 郊区contentment 满足honey 蜂蜜make it 成功canoe 独木木舟sunset 日落(n)sunrise 日出(n)hawk 鹰cornfield 玉米田haul (用马车，卡车)搬运firewood 木柴sled 雪橇retile 重新用瓦盖longoverdueoverdue 早该有的；早该发生的improvement 改进supplement 补充；增加indoor 室内的spray 喷；洒orchard 果园barn 谷仓chick 小鸡typewriter 打字机freelance 自由撰稿人pursue 努力去获得，追求household 家庭的；普通的；家庭oversee 看管beehive 蜂窝organ 风琴；器官stack 一堆wicked 邪恶的；坏的overflow 溢出；泛滥swamp 淹没；压倒freezer 冰柜cherry 樱桃raspberry 悬钩子；树莓asparagus 芦笋bean 豆；豆形果实canned-goods 罐装品cupboard 食橱；碗橱plum 李子；梅子jelly 果子冻squash 南瓜属植物pumpkin 南瓜gallon 加仑at that point 就在那时decidedly 肯定地；无疑地blessing 祝福bless 为……祝福on balance 总的来说den 兽穴illustrate 举例说明hitch 用-具套住dogsled 狗拉雪橇monster 怪物；妖怪digest 文摘；摘要boundary 边界；分界线widerness 荒野；荒地generate 形成；产生dental 牙的；和牙有关的insurance 保险；保险费policy 保险单；保险契约pick up 付（帐）minor 较少的；较小的premium 保险费；奖金；奖品aside from 除了cut back 减少；削减appreciably 能够感到地，可观的lower 降低；减少dine out 外出吃饭patronize 光顾；惠顾ballet 芭蕾舞extravagant 奢侈的；浪费的suspect 怀疑solitude 孤独budget 预算requirement 要求，必要条件scale 规模on a small /large scale 小规模地resist 抵制temptation 诱惑（n) device 设备，装置machinery 机器，机械horsepower 马力rotary 旋转的cultivator 耕耘机rotary cultivator 旋转式耕耘机profit 利润(n&&v)invest 投资primarily 主要地；起初第二单元slender 苗条的；细长的settlement 新拓居地；confident 有信心的；确信的give up 放弃creator 造物主，上帝devotion 深爱的，挚爱cabin 小棚屋ironically 具有讽刺意味的是symbolize 象征，标志racial 种族的sellout 背叛者；背叛unwilling 不愿意的；勉强的stand up (for) 支持historic 历史上有名或有重要意义的site 地方，位置，遗址slavery 受奴役的状态；奴隶制mission 特殊使命，任务courageous 勇敢的，无畏的forge 建立，伪造forge a signature 伪造签名underground 秘密的；地下的web 网状物；网状组织liberate 解放authorize 批准，委托civil-rights 民权的civil 公民的exploit 功绩，业绩unsung 未赞颂过的intent 坚决的be intent on(sth./doing sth) 热中于，坚决要做pistol 手枪decade 十年foundry 铸造车间，铸造厂on the side 作为兼职；秘密地capture 抓捕；捕获chilly 冷的，寒飕飕的fugitive 逃亡者watchman 看守人；警卫员helplessly 无能为力地pursuer 追赶者；追捕者close in (on/around) 接近；包围hurriedly 仓促地wagon 四轮运货马车painful 疼痛的religious 宗教的conviction 坚定的看法或信仰Quaker 公谊会教徒Bible 《圣经》clothe 给……衣服naked 裸体的，赤条条的converge 会合；集中terminal 终点，终端机magistrate 地方行政长官；执法官impose 把……强加于jail 监狱imprison (vt) 关押；监禁stripe 鞭打；抽打as for 至于cake 覆盖powder 粉；粉末bonnet 女帽veil 面纱transport 运输runaway 逃跑的（人）、disguise 伪装，假扮funeral 葬礼；丧失procession 行列；队伍abolish 废除virgin 未开发的harshly 严厉地，苛刻的diligently 勤奋地compel 强迫，强求plantation 种植园salvation 拯救；pass for 被当作第三单元latch 门闩on the latch 门关着但没有上锁close up 关闭rural 农村vulnerable 易受攻击的；无防御的well-patroled 巡查严密的urban 城市的statistics 统计；统计资料dramatically (vd)显著地；戏剧性地allegedly (vd)据称tranquil 宁静的era 纪元dead-bolt 防盗门electronic 电子的hook up to 连接到patio 露台，平台elegantly 优雅地，高雅地build in 使成为建筑物的一部分pry 撬开，撬动premise (n)房屋，假设，前提surveillance (n)监视feature 给……以显著地位，突出；由……主演padlock 挂锁；扣锁psychic 精神的；心灵的；心理的transformation (n)改变，转变put up 建造，设置barrier (n)障碍barricade (vt)在……设置路障wander (vi)漫游，闲逛，徘徊X-rayterrorist 恐怖分子terror (n)恐怖hold/keep sb. at bay 不让……逼近frisker 搜身器without/with not so much as 甚至连……都没……sideways 斜着（的），斜向一边（的）stand for 代表be bathed in 沉浸于analyze 分析with/by a small/large margin 小/大幅度地error 错误insecure 不安全的secure 安全的，可靠的civilize 开化，使文明reflection 有损声誉的事，思考；反映puzzling 令人困惑的housewife 家庭主妇rape 强奸whistle 哨子self-protection 自我保护outsmart (vt)比……精明；智胜outsmart oneself 聪明反被聪明误evil (n)邪恶legacy (n)遗产look back on 回顾第四单元watery 潮湿的extraterrestrial 外星人；pessimist 悲观主义者pessimistic 悲观的crisscross 交叉往返于on account of 由于sheriff 行政司法长官；县治安官deputy 副职；副手work up 准备；整理ranch 大农场pension 退职金；养老金；disable 使残废veteran 退伍军人；富有经验的complicated 复杂的；难解的；taxman 税务员approachable 平易近人的；亲切的saucer 碟状物；飞碟；茶碟knock off 下班hit the sack 睡觉curse 诅咒；咒骂go over 核对；研究column 列；栏；专栏；柱rocket 火箭bug 张大；使突出；虫子；故障complexion 面色；肤色apiece 每人observation 观察，观测locality 地点；位置isolate 使隔离；使孤立adopt 采用；收养mode 方式；模式；appearance 外貌go for 喜欢blink 闪烁regardless of 不顾nationality 国籍；民族at sb's servicearrangement 安排organization 组织；机构；团体supreme 最高的；极度的come around 拜访hell 见鬼；该死；地狱；苦境leave alone 不打扰；听其自然garbage 废话；垃圾；heave 举起；升起wit 智力；才智make like 假装；装扮作knock down 撞倒；拆毁catch sight of 一眼看见；瞥见shiny 有光泽的；闪耀的，fade out 逐渐消失Venusian 金星人dope 笨蛋第五单元coastguardsman 海岸警卫员under way 航行中；工作中carton 硬纸盒，纸板箱bomb 炸弹pad 用软的材料衬垫rack 炮弹架ashore 在岸上traditional 传统的turkey 火鸡put away 放好sundown 日落时分afterdeck 后甲板draught 气流get to sth./doing sth. 开始认真思考，做cob 玉米；穗轴and the rest 等等quest 寻求in quest of 寻求reverse 反转verbal 口头的；动词turn over 考虑；思考brighten 变亮repay 偿还sincere 诚挚的lastingly 长久地gratitude 感激statement 陈述heartfelt 衷心的；appreciation 感谢agricultural 农业的；农艺的mechanical 机械的；机械学的hometown 故乡；at sea 在海上航行specific 明确的；behalf 利益on sb.'s behalfon behalf of sb. 为了的利益；代表(某人）instance 实例uppermost 最高的impress 使重视boyhood 少年时代quiz 测验diminish 变小；减少expose 暴露be exposed to 暴露于；与……接触immerse 使沉浸在be immersed in 沉浸在awareness 察觉marvelous 不可思议的；美妙的prayer 祈祷assemble 集合；装配considerate 体贴的sprinkle 洒stardust 梦幻unload 将货物卸下cargo 货物reload 再装recede 退去；变得模糊rendezvous 会合accord 使符合topmost 最高的loudspeaker 喇叭rasp 发出；锉，刮hundred-odd 一百多个odd 稍多于；单数的shipmate 同船水手；deck 甲板cluster 群；簇seaman 海员，水手bulge 鼓胀fistful 一把bark 吠叫successive 连续的；in turn 挨个地；amid 在……当中humble 使谦卑；undergo 经过；swift 迅疾的即时的reassurance 放心；确信appreciate 赏识；重视bring back 回想起in a flash 一瞬间weep 流泪；diaper 尿布；being 生命；人go about 表现；忙于；着手in secret 秘密地；quote 引用；引述mightily 在很大程度上；非常paramout 最主要的；stationery 信纸信封；文具第六单元brink 砖studio 画室；照相室；工作室chicory 菊苣salad 生菜；色拉bishop 主教sleeve 衣袖bishop sleeve 灯笼袖in tune 和谐的joint 共同的；共有的pneumonia 肺炎stalk 潜行；偷偷接近here and there 各处icy 极冷的victim 牺牲者；受害的人scarcely 几乎没有；几乎不scarce 不充足的；难得的hallway 门厅；过道bushy 密生的；丛生的eyebrow 眉毛bosh 胡说；无意义的话carriage 载人的马车subtract 减去；扣除curative 能治病的merry 愉快的bedclothes 床上用品backward 倒着bare 裸露的dreary 沉闷的；阴沉的ivy 常春藤vine 藤in a whisper 低声地nonsense 废话turn loose 放手；放纵miner 矿工painter 画家beard 胡须look the part 看上去很像gin 杜松子酒to excess 过度masterpiece 杰作；代表作fragile 易碎的；虚弱的for the rest 至于其它fierce 凶猛的；愤怒的mock 嘲弄；取笑softness 软弱；意志不坚定dimly 暗淡地，模糊不清的canvas 画布easel 画架fancy 幻想；胡思乱想stream 流hear of 听说persistent 持续的；一再发生的mingle 混合upturned 翻转的；倒着放的kettle 烧水用的壶pull up 拉起wearily 疲倦地；劳累地lo 看，瞧stand out 显著wear away 流逝；磨损twilight 暮色；黄昏lone 孤独的cling 抓紧cling to 紧紧抓住merciless 无慈悲心的call to 呼唤gas 煤气stove 火炉sin 罪孽；罪过hand-mirror 带手柄的小镜子pillow 枕头sit up 坐起来acute 急性的；严重的be wet through 湿透的lantern 灯笼palette 调色板flutter 飘动，晃动第七单元salesman 推销员linger 留恋徘徊，磨蹭weatherman 气象报告员surgeon 外科医生scar 伤疤feel like 想要battlefield 战场dignity 尊严cripple 使跛的，受伤致残betray 背叛gain on 逼近tremble 颤抖slacks 宽松裤tan 棕褐色的entryway 入口entry n.进入；入口briefcase 公文包kick up 踢起；扬起tilt （使）倾斜lean 屈身，倾斜brochure 小册子clip-op 用夹子夹牢clip 夹子，别针delivery 分娩；投递section 部分cerebral 脑的palsy 麻痹，瘫痪cerebral palsy 大脑性麻痹disorder 失调；混乱transfer 调动，转移limitation 缺陷；局限apply for 申请Co. 公司representative 代表literature 宣传资料pledge 保证，许诺tetail 零售transit 通行；过境mall 购物中心strain 损伤；使劳损joint 关节useless 无用的；无效的limb 肢；树枝waist 腰off balance 不平衡toddler 学步儿童shoeshine n.擦皮鞋lace 花边；鞋带territory 活动范围；领土on the phone 在打电话spice 调料register 注意到，登记，发生效力laundry 洗好的衣服profitable 有利可图的off one's feet 躺着；坐着VCR 录像机antenna 天线solitary 单独的，孤独的oven 烤箱commission 佣金，回扣surgery 外科手术be laid up (with) 卧床休养checkbook 支票簿recipient 接受人signature 签名scrawl 潦草地写unreadable 枯燥的，无法读的lash 鞭打；猛烈打击in time 及时，最终go off 停止第八单元clone n.克隆lamb 羊羔balding 开始秃顶的bald 秃顶的embryologist 胚胎学家pregnancy n.怀孕（期）give birth to 生孩子，产生champagne 香槟酒veterinarian 兽医for all the world 在各人方面；完全dot n.点vt.散布于creation 创造（物）union 结合，联盟sperm 精子udder （牛羊等的）乳房cell 细胞fuse 融合，合并gene 基因take up 住进，栖居residence n.居住identical 一模一样的genetically 遗传上twin 双胞胎之一beforehand ad.事先oppose 反对be opposed to 反对theoretical 理论的in principle 原则上offensive 冒犯的，无礼的pragmatism 实用观点，实用主义compromise n.妥协morally 道德上plague 使痛苦humanity 人类potential 潜力tolerate 容忍ancient 古代的，古老的vanity n.自负，虚荣donor 捐赠人catalog 目录terrify 使恐惧replica 复制品lottery 抽签；碰巧的事normally 正常地，通常unpredictable 不可预测的mixture 混合物brilliant 才华横溢的inherit 继承purity 纯净，纯洁innocence n.清白，无害comment 评论genius 天才atomic 原子能的let loose 释放curiosity 好奇心physicist 物理学家atom 原子multi-layered 多层次的reprogram 重新编程transplant 移植；移栽marrow 骨髓leukemia 白血病lash out at 猛击；严厉斥责immune 免疫的merge 使融合technician 技术员protein 蛋白质primitive 原始的embryo 胚胎start out 起初意图grow into 长成batch 一组inconceivable 不可思议的conceive v.构想，设想kidney 肾liver 肝脏limitless 无限的hypothetical 假说的。
Unit 3 提高练习【新教材】人教版(2019)选择性必修第一册
选择性必修一Unit3 Fascinating Parks—Improving Test 2020/10/16 A national park is not a playground. It’s a sanctuary for nature and for humans who will accept nature on nature’s own terms.—Michael FromeI. 单元构词扩展词汇1.cloth u. 织物，布料; c. (一块）布；（一块）抹布，桌布→______: (pl.) 衣服，服装(普通用词，多指包括上衣、内衣或裤子等具体的一件件衣服) →______ u. 衣服，服装。
常用词，集合名词，是衣服的总称。
→______ c. 连衣裙，套裙u. 着装，衣服→______ c. 套装；西装；西服(指一套服装，一般有几件配成一套的套装)2.visible : adj. 看得见的，可见的→______: n. 能见度，可见度, 明显性→______: (U)视力，视野；幻象；(U)远见卓识；(U)画面3. adopt vt. 采纳，采取，采用；v. 领养→______: n.采纳，采用，领养→______ : adj.收养的，领养的→形近词：______ / ______4.bless vt. 祝福→______ adj. 有福的，愉快安宁的→______ n. 祝福，赞同，好事5.prohibit: vt.禁止，阻止→______ ：n.禁止，阻止，禁令→prohibit sb./sth. from doing 阻止某事的发生→______/______/______/______ 6.cycle: n. 自行车；摩托车；循环vi. 骑自行车→______: n. 骑自行车→______: n. 骑自行车者7.route n.&v. 路线; 路途; (公共汽车和列车等的) 常规路线，固定线路; 途径; 渠道; ______ n.例行程序,每日不变的日程计划(有规律的行为和时间安排); adj. 常规的;______日程计划，时间表，没有每日重复之意在其中。
新模式英语3教案
新模式英语3教案第一课课程名称：Unit 1 Hello!教学目标：1.学生能够用英语相互问候并自我介绍；2.学生能够使用细节信息来回答问题；课程内容：1.问候并自我介绍的表达方式；2.了解谈论主题的几种方式；3.细节信息提取与回答问题的技巧；课程教学：1.预习问候并自我介绍的基本句型和表达方式。
2.进入主题，对话部分，学生根据对话内容从提取细节信息，了解并分析对话中传达的主题。
3.教学回答问题的技巧：先扫描整个文章，根据问题的关键词和描述词，快速锁定相关内容。
细节信息如名字地点等，通过对文章细致观察和筛选，找到对应的内容并逐一回答问题。
4.练习：学生分组进行自我介绍和问候。
在自由交流中，学生能运用新掌握的知识和表达十分关键的词汇，并提高交际能力与自信心。
第二课课程名称：Unit 2 What do you like?教学目标：1.学生能够描述自己喜欢的事物；2.学生能够表达自己不同的口味偏好；3.学生能够运用已学句型描述物品特征；课程内容：1.描述喜好的常用词汇及句型；2.比较口味不同的表达方式3.物品特征评价的英文表达；课程教学：1.预先准备喜好词汇表，学生讨论并补充缺少的内容，围绕吃的、玩的等感性话题，培养学生的兴趣和参与热情。
2.引出描述具体物品时常用的形容词及特征词汇，让学生感受到词汇的“实用性“。
3.给学生一段关于物品描述的短文，让学生合作阅读，听语音及整段文献的不同点并学习其中常用的句型，掌握更多语言细节。
4.多种评价和比较不同口味的表达方式的演示并练习。
第三课课程名称：Unit 3 What are you doing?教学目标：1.学生能够表达自己正在做的事情；2.学生能够描述自己所在的地方；3.学生能正确使用各种时态；课程内容：1.表达正在进行的动作和状态的词汇/短语；2.描述所在地的表达方式；3.各种时态的使用；课程教学：1.引导学生运用情境，呈现不同位置下的视角变换。
接着，特别强调“正在进行“的动作和状态，如何用英语表达及所对应的短语或形容词。
2020新译林版高中英语选修三unit3课文翻译(英汉对照)
牛津新教材选修三Unit3ReadingChinese characters:foundation of a remarkable writing system汉字:非凡书写系统的基础In the year1899,some mystical symbols carved on oracle bones attracted the attention of a scholar in Beijing.That was when people first began to realize the significance of these beautiful inscriptions.Since then,the mystery surrounding the origin of Chinese characters,the foundation of a remarkable writing system,has started to be revealed.1899年，甲骨文上的一些神秘符号引起了北京一位学者的注意。
从那时起，人们开始意识到这些美丽的铭文的重要性。
从那时起，围绕着汉字起源的谜团开始被揭开，汉字是一种非凡的书写系统的基础。
These oracle bone inscriptions,the earliest form of Chinese characters ever found to this day,are clear proof that the history of the Chinese writing system stretches back about3,500years.The inscriptions are highly complex,suggesting that earlier forms are yet to be discovered.All we have at the moment,however,is the legend of Cang Jie,who is said to have invented the first characters about5,000years ago.Legend has it that he saw animal tracks in the ground,and began drawing pictures of objects in nature,such as the moon,the sun and the trees.这些甲骨文是迄今为止发现的最早的汉字形式，清楚地证明了中国文字系统的历史可以追溯到大约3500年前。
新标准大学英语综合教程3课后答案
新标准大学英语综合教程3课后答案Unit 1。
Part I。
1. A2. B3. C4. A5. B。
Part II。
1. What’s your major?2. What do you want to be when you graduate?3. How do you like your university life?4. What’s your plan for the future?5. What do you think of the courses you are taking?Part III。
1. C2. A3. B4. C5. A。
Part IV。
1. What is the passage mainly about?2. What does the author think of the traditional way of learning?3. What are the advantages of the new way of learning?4. What does the author suggest students do?5. What can we learn from the passage?Unit 2。
Part I。
1. C2. B3. A4. C5. B。
Part II。
1. What’s your opinion on online shopping?2. What do you think are the advantages of online shopping?3. Have you ever had any bad experiences with online shopping?4. Do you prefer online shopping or traditional shopping?5. What do you think will be the future of online shopping? Part III。
新工人入场安全生产须知（3篇）
新工人入场安全生产须知一、入场前须知：1.认真阅读企业的安全生产手册和安全生产规程，了解企业的安全生产政策和制度；2.了解本岗位的工作性质、工作流程和工作环境，明确自己的工作职责和安全要求；3.参加企业组织的安全培训，掌握必要的安全知识和技能；4.配合企业进行的身体健康检查和职业危害筛查，确保适宜从事工作。
二、进入工作岗位：1.按照规定的时间和地点到达工作岗位，做好岗位交接和接班工作；2.佩戴好个人防护用品和安全设备，如安全帽、安全鞋、防护眼镜等；3.与同事和相关人员进行沟通和交流，了解工作任务和安全注意事项；4.熟悉工作环境，了解各种应急救援设施和逃生通道的位置和使用方法。
三、安全操作：1.严格遵守企业的安全操作规程，按照作业流程进行操作；2.正确使用和保管工具和设备，确保无缺陷和安全可靠；3.严禁擅自改变工艺流程和设备参数，如需调整应及时向上级报告；4.禁止疲劳作业和饮酒后上岗，身体不适时应及时请假；5.严禁私自占用和借用他人的个人防护用品和安全设备；6.如果发现安全隐患或异常情况，应立即上报或报告相关部门。
四、化学品安全：1.了解工作岗位上可能遇到的有毒、易燃、易爆等危险化学品及其特性；2.掌握安全操作规程，正确使用和储存危险化学品；3.配戴好相应的个人防护用品，如防护手套、防护眼镜等；4.遵守化学品泄漏应急处理步骤，掌握相关应急设施和装置的使用方法；5.定期参加相关培训，了解最新的化学品安全操作规范和法规要求。
五、机械设备安全：1.熟悉本岗位使用的机械设备的操作规程和安全要求；2.严禁在设备运行时调整和维修设备，必要时需停机处理；3.认真检查和保养设备，发现设备故障和损坏应及时报修；4.遵守机械设备的使用规范和操作要求，不得擅自改动设备参数；5.在上岗前和下岗时，确认设备停止运行和断电，并进行相应的封锁操作。
六、电气安全：1.了解本岗位使用的电气设备的安装和操作要求，及时学习相关知识和技能；2.正确使用电气设备和电气工具，保证设备和工具的安全性能；3.严禁在高温、高湿等恶劣环境下操作电气设备；4.遵守电气设备的使用规范，不得私拉乱接电线和随意拆卸电气设备；5.遇到电气事故和故障时，应立即切断电源并报告相关负责人。
七年级英语上册重点知识点归纳(Unit 3新版人教新目标)
七年级英语上册重点知识点归纳（Unit 3新版人教新目标）七年级英语上册重点知识点归纳（Unit3新版人教新目标）Unit3Isthisyourpencil?.人称代词和物主代词人称代词主格I我you你he他she她it它we我们you你们they他们宾格me我you你him他her她it它us我们you你们them他们物主代词形容词性my我的your你的his他的her她的its它的our我们的your你们的their他们的名词性mine我的yours你的his他的hers她的its它的ours我们的yours你们的theirs他们的)人称代词作主语时用主格；作宾语时用宾格；作表语时用主格或宾格，但在口语中常用宾格。
①Iamhungry,pleasegivemesomethingtoeat.我饿了，请给我一些吃的东西。
（作主语）（作宾语）②like,andlikes,too.我喜欢她，她也喜欢我。
③whotoldhimthatnews?谁告诉他那个消息的？It’sme/I.是我。
2)并列人称代词的排列顺序：人称代词在并列使用时，单数的顺序是第二人称→第三人称→第一人称；复数的顺序是第一人称→第二人称→第三人称。
you,he,andI你，我，他youandI我和你heandI我和他youandhe你和他weandyou我们和你们youandthey你们和他们we,youandthey我们，你们和他们3)形容词性物主代词修饰名词，必须放在名词前面，相当于形容词，在句中作定语。
名词性物主代词相当于名词（即指代名词，后面不能再加名词），在句中作主语、表语或宾语。
①Thisisyourruler,itisnotmine.这是你的尺子，不是我的。
②.这是他的书，你的在桌子上。
③doesn’thaveaneraser.＿＿（我的）isinthebag.Give ＿＿（他）＿＿（你的）.他没有橡皮擦。
我的在包里。
全新版大学英语综合教程3课后答案(最新整理)
全新版大学英语综合教程3 课后答案UNIT 1VocabularyI.1.1) on balance 5) illustrated 9) involved2) resist 6) budget 10) economic3) haul 7) lowering 11) blasting4) wicked 8) boundary 12) just about2.1)cut back/ down 2) pick up 3) get by 4) get through5)face up to 6) turn in 7) making up for 8) think up3.1) pursued his mathematical studies and taught himself astronomy2) often generate misleading thoughts3) attach great importance to combining theory with practice in our work4) be suspected of doing everything for money5) before he gets through life4.1) their indoor, a profit, to invest in2) device, the improvement, on a global scale3) stacked, temptation, never dined outII Confusable Words1. 1) house 2) Home 3) home, family 4) household2. 1) doubt 2) suspect 3) doubted 4) suspected 5) suspectIII. Word Formation1) rise 2) final 3) regular 4) cash 5) hows, whys6) upped 7) yellowed 8) bottled 9) lower 10) searchComprehensive ExercisesI. Cloze1. Text-related1) get by 2) temptation 3) get through 4) improvements5) aside from 6) suspect 7) supplement 8) profit9) stacking2. (Theme-related)1) replaced 2) consider 3) quit 4) world 5) tough6) fuels 7) provide 8) luxuries 9) balance 10) idealII. Translation1. We have a problem with the computer system, but I think it’s fairly minor.2. My father died when I was too young to live on my own. The people of my hometown took over (responsibility for) my upbringing at that point.3. The toys have to meet strict/ tough safety requirements before they can be sold to children.4. Radio and television have supplemented rather than replaced the newspaper as carriers of news and opinion.5. When it comes to this magazine, it is/ carries a digest of articles from many newspapers and magazines around the world.A decade ago, Nancy did what so many Americans dream about. She quit an executive position and opened/ set up a household device store in her neighborhood. People like Nancy made the decision primarily for the improvement in the quality of their lives.But, to run a small business on a small scale is by no means an easy job. Without her steady income, Nancy had to cut back on her daily expense. Sometimes she did not even have the money to pay the premium for the various kinds of insurance she needed.Fortunately, through her own hard work, she has now got through the most difficult time. She is determined to continue pursuing her vision of a better life. UNIT 2VocabularyI.1.1) decades 5) slender 9) on the side2) historic 6) web 10) authorized3) imposed 7) bade 11) terminal4) religious 8) site 12) make the best of2.1) went through 2) stood up for 3) laid down 4) take on5) let (us) down 6) draw on 7) fall into 8) pass for3.1) The Europeans are fully confident that the Americans will not be able to justify their measures to protect the struggling American steel industry.2) Clinton is, in the eyes of Joe Klein, staff writer of the New Yorker and author of The Natural, the most talented politician of his generation and the most compelling.3) There's not much you can do if people are really intent on destroying themselves with drugs.4) A different experience of the world could forge a completely different approach to life.5) It is our conviction that cloning of human beings is bound to cause many ethical and social problems in the long run.4.1) As for, do not compel, capture of, have forged2) At huge risk, the mission, shelter3) who abolished, In the eyes of, racialII. Words with Multiple Meanings1. I'll tell you in a minute how I have attained the genuine sense of belonging in America, but first let me hear about your French trip.2. Most McDonald's look almost the same on the outside, but actually there are about 16 different basic designs.3. Loaning money from the banks is but one of the methods we can use to get through a financial crisis.4. This second-hand car has been nothing but trouble; it's always breaking down.5. In your resume you've mentioned everything but one vital point.6. Our technicians have discovered a simple but effective solution to the problem.7. I am sorry, but I think you shouldn't have lingered on over coffee and missed the last bus..8. The bankruptcy of the company was not caused by evil, but by simple ignoranceIII. Usage1) lonely 2)friendly 3) weekly, monthly 4)lovely5) cowardly 6)kindly/ saintly 7) lively 8)motherlyComprehensive ExercisesI. Cloze1. Text-related1)forged 2) stand up 3) compelled 4)convictions 5)mission6)abolish 7) intent on 8) risk 9)in the eyes of 10)threats2. (Theme-related)1) assistance 2) involved 3) estimated 4)coincidence 5)emerged6) referred 7) numerous 8) stationed 9)concern 10)captureII. Translation1. Though greatly affected by the consequences of the global financial crisis, we are still confident that we can face up to the challenge and overcome the crisis.2. Under threat of constant sand storms, we were compelled to leave our cherished village and move to the new settlement.3. According to a recent online survey, a lot of consumers say they may be motivated to consider buying products shown in TV commercials.4. Having spotted a truck driver dumping contaminated waste alongside the river, the old man reported to the police at once.5. Some scientists hold to the firm conviction that people will come to like genetically modified crops someday since they can increase yields and help combat hunger and disease in the developing world.Shortly after he achieved freedom Henson became intent on assisting fugitive slaves. He secretly returned to the United States from Canada several times to help others to travel the Underground Railroad to freedom. Once some slave catchers closed in on the escaping slaves and Henson when they were on the run. He disguised them and successfully avoided capture. Later he built a small settlement in Dresden in Canada for escaped slaves, setting up a chapel and a school. He held to the conviction that slavery would be abolished, and the day was bound to come when racial discrimination no longer existed.UNIT 3VocabularyI.1.1) threatens 2) by a small margin 3)civilize 4)closed up 5)wandered 6) paste 7) without so much as 8) sideways9) hook up to 10) universal 11) chart 12) Bathed in2. 1)narrowed down 2)looked back on 3)cut off 4)fit into5)wear(the other) down 6)lies in 7)put up 8)stand for3. 1)...which is likely to make people vulnerable to asthma has been found by researchers at the Department of Clinical Medicine in Oxford.2)...with mirrored doors had to be built in so as to make their small bedroom look larger.3)...feature the space shuttle Challenger blowing up in January 1986---killing all seven crew.4)...threatened to keep the pupils in after school, they were quieted at once.5)... are a major barrier to the country's economic growth due to the fact that/because imported oil has absorbed 40% of its foreign exchange.4. 1) looked back on/ atmosphere/urban life2)era/ hooked up to the / the electronic3) the suburb / a sophisticated / system / analyze / make errorsII. 1) away 2)inside/in 3)forward/through 4)back5)off 6)home 7) back down 8)in...outIII. 1) Internet is not such an unusual word as it used to be2) Most men do not look unattractive in them3) Wealthy as she is, she is not unconcerned by her sudden unemployment4) The claim is not unrealistic in view of a sharp decrease in the city's violent crimes.5)His poor health is not unrelated to his unhealthy way of life. Comprehensive Exercises1. Cloze1. 1) Statistics 2)rural 3)era 4)stood for 5)on the latch6)vulnerable 7)barrier 8)electronic 9)reflection 10)civilized2. 1) together 2)liable 3)shift 4)electric 5)cautious6)sophisticated 7)thieves 8)break 9)chances 10)signsII. Translation1.1) The Internet is changing the way people live, (no matter) whether they are in urban or rural areas.2)Medium-sized and small companies are more vulnerable to the threat of the global economic crisis than large ones.3) With regard to our term paper, the professor asked us to analyze the unemployment chart first, and then provide critical reflections on the nations economic development.4)It never occurred to him that their team would win the basketball match by a large margin.5) Looking back on my twenty years' teaching in high school, I attribute my success to patience, talent, and the constant pursuit of knowledge.2. It is almost impossible to keep a determined burglar out. All you can do is discourage him for a few minutes. Thus exposing him to police patrols. Common sense tells us that lighting is a barrier to criminal activity. A light should be fixed in the doorway and switched on at night. Make sure/Assure yourself that you don't leave the door on the latch if you happen to be the last to come in. If you decideto buy a sophisticated electronic alarm system, be sure to ask for its signs and put them up on both windows and doors. In addition you may have it hooked up to a police station.UNIT 4VocabularyI.1.1) accordingly 2) loose 3) concentration 4)stimulating 5) fabric 6)if anything 7) reality 8) intuition9) trifle 10) at the turn of the century 11) mess12) undermine2. 1) approve of 2) slow down 3) taken in 4) sucked into5) set apart 6) dozed off 7)call forth 8)stretch into9) keep up with 10)believe in3. 1)...provided inspiration for many artists and musicians over the decades.2)...is credited to his powers of imagination3)...on the foundations of an agricultural revolution4)...not to make any complaints in the presence of the nurse.5)...the outbreak of the Second World War.4. 1) flaw/came to the conclusion/would get nowhere2) in a row/dozed off/a mess of3) outbreak of/ has undermined / has strainedII. 1)With Christmas only a week away2) With his physical condition improving day by day3) With our GDP growing steadily4) With all the shops closed5) with her eyes closed6) With the fog lifting during the nightIII. 1) like/as 2) as 3) like 4) like/as5) as/like 6) as 7)like 8) asComprehensive Exercises1. Cloze1. 1) caution 2) came to the conclusion that 3)never get anywhere4)undermining 5) not give/care a fig 6) flaw7) beyond any doubt 8)foundation 9)remarkable/impressive10) imagination2. 1) extent 2)inventions 3)bet 4)manages 5)vision6)eventually 7)achievement 8)poverty 9) utilized 10)breakthroughII. Translation1.1) The volunteers sent/assigned by the Red Cross disinfected, with great caution, the drinking water in the village so as to avoid an outbreak of plague.2)Einstein spent many years trying to unify the theories of electromagnetism and gravity but failed.3)Professor Wang received/won the Presidential Award for his excellence in stimulating students' creative imagination.4) As there were some major design flaws, the board of directors didn't approve of the economic stimulus package.5) Having realized that nobody could help him, Jordan finally came to the conclusion that he had to face reality and take up/meet the challenge by himself.2. What was remarkable about 2005 was perhaps that the UN declared it "The World Year of Physics". It was the 100th anniversary of Einstein's theory of relativity and the 50th anniversary of his death. In 1905 Einstein published five highly important essays in the history of science, thus revolutionizing physics. His great achievements can be credited to his impressive powers of imagination, constant questioning, and not giving a fig for authority. It is beyond doubt that Einstein was the greatest scientist in the 20th century.UNIT 5Text A Writing Three Thank-You LettersText Organizationl.Parte Paragraphs Main IdeasPart One Paras 1-9 On Thanksgiving Day 1943, as a young coastguardsman at sea, the writer came up with the idea of expressing his gratitude to people who had helped him before.Part Two Paras 10-16 The writer wrote three thank-you letters to his father, theRev. Nelson and his grandmother.Part Three Paras 17-23 The writer got three letters in reply.Part Four Paras 24-26 The writer wishes everyone to find the good and praise it. Correspondents Letters Sent Letters ReceivedFather Thanks him for teaching the writer from boyhood to love books and reading. Tells the writer how he, as a teacher and a father as well, felt content with his own son.The Rev. Nelson , Thanks him for his morningschool prayers. Ii Tells the writer about his retirement coupled with self-doubt, and the re?assurance brought to him by the writer's letter.Grandmother Thanks her for teaching the writer how to tell the truth, to share and to be forgiving, and for her good cooking and her sprinkling the writer's life with Stardust. Expresses her loving gratefulness to her grandson.Language sense enhancement1. decades2. undergoing3. had done wrong4. welcome reassurance5. appreciated6. brought back7. relatives 8. accomplish9. consume 10. representingVocabularyI. 1. 1) sprinkled 2) in turn3) reversed 4) repay5) at sea 6) traditional7) statement 8) longed for9) in secret 10) unloaded11) weep 12) under way2. 1) stretch out 2) make out3) hope for 4) turns (it) over5) put away 6) brings back7) got to 8) go about3. 1) As supplies of traditional fuels diminish, people are working to increase the use of solarenergy.2) We accord high priority to meeting the challenges of economic and environmental development in the region.3) While it is true that children of today are exposed to more information than were children of the past, it does not follow that they automatically become more sophisticated.4) Since she borrowed those books from the library she has been immersed in British history and culture.5) Everything changed in a flash on June 1, 2000 when he lost both legs in a serious traffic accident.4. 1) I'd like to express my sincere thanks to everyone who has been so considerate of my well-being. My heart is filled with gratitude that words cannot express.2) After everyone assembled on the playground amid the noise and excitement of the specta?tors, our coach again impressed on us the need to do our best in quest of excellence.3) Everything I saw in my hometown was marvelous. I could hardly believe that it had undergone such swift changes through cultivating fruits, vegetables, flowers and the rest in the past few years.II. Collocation1, fond of 2. sick of3. thoughtful of4. confident of5. conscious of6. critical of7. guilty of 8. ashamed of-III. Usage1. To know what people really think, pay regard to what they do, rather than what they say.2. It is cooperation, rather than conflict, that will enable you to achieve your success.3. Ann made students think for themselves rather than telling them what to think.4. I think I'll stay at home this evening rather than go / going out.5. Most people are content to let perfect days happen at random rather than plan/ planning for them.Comprehensive ExercisesI. Cloze(A)1) at sea 2) Turning over3) reverse 4) got to5) repay 6) gratitude7) assembled 8)immersed in9) unloading 10) swift(B)1) instead 2) possessions3) richer 4) breath5) cherish 6) special7) specific 8) shining9) miracles 10) giftII. Translation1. 1) Grandma took it for granted that food prices would soar, so she bought a lot of rice.2) I can quote you several instances of her dedication to science.3) The 1980s saw the start of the swift development of some special economic zones in China.4) Tension between the two countries stemmed in part from the latest spy affair.5) Peter has worked in a law firm for many years. You can consider having him as your lawyer to act on your behalf when you need legal help.2.Amid the atmosphere of Thanksgiving, rather than joining his friends in celebration of the holiday, George was immersed in the diary left to him by his father, who died at sea after he completed two successive trips around the world. The diary brought back every moment George had spent with his father and many of the specific things his father did on his behalf. George's father used to impress on him the need to undergo all kinds of hardship in quest of excellence. He also taught him that nothing in the world could be taken for granted. Even today, George still remembers how his father would quote Aesop's famous saying "Gratitude is the sign of noble souls" and tell him to accord the greatest importance to it.UNIT 6Text A The Last LeafI. Vocabulary:i)1. masterpieces2. fragile3. fancy4. nonsense5. ling to6. endure7. acute 8. whistle 9. mock 10. subtracted 11. Sin 12. flutter/flutteringii)1. give in/ give up2. figure up3. sized up4. wiped out5. pulling up6. wear away7. sit up8. hear of / aboutiii)1. usually stand out in childhood memories.2. a joint bachelor’s degree program in environmental studies together with Duke University.3. still stalks the country.4. scarcely any surface water in the desert.5. for change in the election law is so persistent that both houses have promised to consider it.iv)1. dreary, mingled with, not to excess, a merry2. called to us, in a whisper, in tune with3. backward, wet through, won’t hear of4. turn loose yourII.1. He went to Paris on business last month.2. The train to Brussels goes at 2:25 p.m.3. As soon as they arrived at the meadow, the shepherd let the sheep go.4. We went ( or will go) exploring together in the mountains.5. Let’s go and have a drink in the bar.6. The store is going to close up soon.7. South Koreans went crazy when their soccer players beat the Spanish team in the quarter-finals.8. When the mother came out of the house, she found her children gone.III. Usage:1. a little white wooden house2. long, curly red hair3. a large old round table4. a cheap Indian restaurant5. a huge cool chocolate ice-cream6. rapid technological advance7. a handsome young Chinese AmericanIV. Comprehensive Exercises1. Cloze1. in tune2. Scarcely3. in a whisper4. cling to5. merry6. sat up7. nonsense8. fancy9. sin 10.masteripiece1. mission2. involve3. jail4. not5. collect6. deliver7. beautiful8. vacation9. need 10. small V. Translation:i)1. The red house stands out against the old trees that reach high up to the sky.2. The salary in // for my new job is great, but for the rest, I’m not satisfied.3. The waters of the two streams mingle near our village.4. We should not mock at other people’s religious beliefs.5. The curtains of the room are not quite in tune with the style of the furniture. ii)Here and there we see young artists who stand out from other people. They may be in worn-out jeans all the year round, or walk barefoot // in bare feet even in winter, or drink to excess, or cling to the fancy of creating a masterpiece without actually doing any creative work.Text B Night Watch1. Comprehension Check1. B2. C3. B4. C5. D6. A2. Translation1. 他被急急送到机场，刚好赶上唯一一架或许能让他赶到垂危老父身边的飞机。
(完整版)新HSK3级词汇
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关于
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大学英语(3)(新)专升本2021秋
2021一、单选(共计100分,每题2.5分)1、He could _____ neither French nor German. So I _____with him in English.A. speak; talkedB. talk; toldC. say; spokeD. tell; talked错误:【A】2、An accident _____ on this road last week.A. has been happenedB. was happenedC. is happenedD. happened错误:【D】3、-The dishwasher looks nice. How much do you charge for it?-$1498.-It’s rather expensive.________________?- If you really want it, we can give youa ten percent discount off.A. I don’t take it.B. Can you sell it?C. Can’t you make it cheaper?D. Can you pack it?错误:【C】4、It's raining heavily. We have to ______the sports meet.A. put offB. join inC. hold onD. take part in错误:【A】5、The teacher asked the students to stop _____and _____to her.A. to talk; listenedB. talking; listenC. talking; listeningD. to talk; listen错误:【B】6、My parents will go there by taxi because it is raining________.A. badlyB. hardlyC. probablyD. heavily错误:【D】7、—When shall we meet again? —Make it _____day you like. It's all the same to me.A. thisB. thatC. otherD. any错误:【D】8、There_____a new bed and two old tables in the room.A. areB. isC. haveD. has错误:【B】9、Your failure, in my opinion, lies in the _____ of self-confidence.A. lackB. senseC. regretD. prevention错误:【A】10、Look! Your computer is covered with dust. Why not put a cover over it to keep it ___ the dirt.A. far fromB. apart fromC. free fromD. away from错误:【C】11、----Let’s go to a movie after work, OK?-----________________________A. Not at all．B. Why not?C. Never mind．D. What is it?错误:【B】12、In the modern technological world the sea offers many ______ to help mankind survive.A. resourcesB. resourceC. aidsD. resourcefulness错误:【A】13、When she came several days later, she found that all things were still _________ where she had ____ themA. lay; laidB. laying; laidC. lay; lainD. lying; laid错误:【D】14、We have bought two ________ for the coming party.A. box of appleB. boxes of applesC. box of applesD. boxes of apple错误:【B】15、—When shall we start? —Let's _____it 8:30.Is that all right?A. takeB. makeC. haveD. meet错误:【B】16、---Oh dear! I’ve just broken a window.---- ___.It can’t behelped.A. Never mindB. All rightC. That’s fineD. Not at all错误:【A】17、The accident happened ____the morning of May 2nd.A. inB. onC. atD. for错误:【B】18、In November, shipments of the popular toy Aqua Dots were found to have been polluted witha poisonous chemical, causing some children who ate the craft toys vomit and lose ____.A. moodB. heartC. pressureD. consciousness错误:【D】19、If you want to improve your English, you'd better practice ______it every day.A. speakB. to speakC. speakingD. spoken错误:【C】20、I was very sad when he made it clear that he ______the company soon.A. leavesB. leftC. would leaveD. had left错误:【C】21、—What would you do _______the lost library book? —I would try to find it or pay _____it.A. about; forB. for; toC. with; toD. with; for错误:【D】22、--I told you that he would come to see you. --Actually I had little doubt _____ his story was true.A. whetherB. thatC. sinceD. if错误:【B】23、“Do you want______?”The shop assistant asked.A. else anythingB. anything elseC. other anythingD. else something错误:【B】24、Equipped with modern facilities, today’s libraries differ greatly from ______.A. those of the pastB. the pastC. which of the pastD. these past错误:【A】25、They will give Miss Salina these mushrooms ____she comes back.A. untilB. as soon asC. beforeD. since错误:【B】26、--Did your father go to America? --No, his doctor suggested that he _____ there.A. is goingB. not goC. did not goD. to be going错误:【B】27、My uncle ____in London. I'll _____with him for a few days.A. lives; stayB. stays; liveC. stays; stayD. lives; live错误:【A】28、--Do you think the football players played very well last night? -- __________.A. They were not nervous at allB. They were still youngC. They played naturallyD. They couldn’t have done better错误:【D】29、We don’t ______ our customers to be mere consumers.A. supposeB. regardC. thinkD. consider错误:【D】30、for a long time, but he tried his best to catch up with his classmates.A. Having been illB. Being illC. Tough he was illD. He was ill错误:【D】31、----Do you know where I can repair myrecorder?----_______________________A. I have bought a new one.B. It is not expensive to repair it.C. You use it too much.D. Just around the street corner.错误:【D】32、--Mike, will you please go and get a box for me? --_______?A. What is itB. How comeC. What forD. How is it错误:【C】33、When she was young, she___ at ten in the evening and she soon____.A. fell asleep; went to bedB. slept; went to bedC. went to bed; fell asleepD. fell asleep; slept错误:【C】34、Let’s leave the matter as it is ________, but we can discuss it when we are both free.A. for the momentB. at the momentC. in a momentD. for a moment错误:【A】35、You are late. If you ____ a few minutes earlier, you _____ him here.A. came, would meetB. had come, would have metC. come, will meetD. had come, would meet错误:【B】36、─Please write down the telephone number. ─Sorry, but I have no _________ to write on.A. penB. inkC. paperD. time错误:【C】37、- Any development about your job-hunting?-__________________________________.A. I haven't found one yet.B. I am satisfied with my job.C. My old job suits me better.D. I like to find a highly-paid job.错误:【A】38、My grandpa can' t hear clearly. There's something wrong with his______.A. mouthB. eyesC. earsD. nose错误:【C】39、As for the influence of computerization, _____ have we seen the results more clearly than in the United States.A. anywhereB. nowhereC. somewhereD. everywhere错误:【B】40、—Will you please write a short passage on Meteor Garden and____ it to me this evening? —What about tomorrow? My computer doesn't work. I can't send it to you.A. bringB. giveC. takeD. e-mail错误:【D】一、单选(共计100分,每题2.5分)1、There is little water in the bottle,_____?A. isn't thereB. is itC. are thereD. is there错误:【B】2、Don’t ______ that all these who get good grades in the entrance examination will prove to be most successful.A. take as grantedB. take this for grantedC. take that for grantedD. take it for granted错误:【D】3、--Shall we go out for a picnic tomorrow? --__________.A. Go aheadB. Help yourselfC. Good ideaD. Me, too错误:【C】4、The old man looked at me with his mouth wide open _____ to say something to me.A. what ifB. even ifC. only ifD. as if错误:【D】5、—Who knows the way to the airport? —_____of them knows the way to the airport.A. AllB. BothC. NeitherD. Every错误:【C】6、Why not look up the new word in a dictionary ______you don't know it?A. ifB. thatC. thoughD. whether错误:【A】7、----Let’s go to a movie after work, OK?-----________________________A. Not at all．B. Why not?C. Never mind．D. What is it?错误:【B】8、--Did your father go to America? --No, his doctor suggested that he _____ there.A. is goingB. not goC. did not goD. to be going错误:【B】9、The piano in the other shop will be _____, but______.A. cheaper; not as betterB. more cheap; not as betterC. cheaper; not as goodD. more cheap; not as good错误:【C】10、____all the passengers are here , why don't we start at once?A. As soon asB. AfterC. Now thatD. When错误:【C】11、--Mike, will you please go and get a box for me? --_______?A. What is itB. How comeC. What forD. How is it错误:【C】12、When she was young, she___ at ten in the evening and she soon____.A. fell asleep; went to bedB. slept; went to bedC. went to bed; fell asleepD. fell asleep; slept错误:【C】13、With everything she needed,she went out of the shop,with her hands full of shopping bags.A. boughtB. to buyC. buyingD. buy错误:【A】14、Of all the students, Linda draws _____ carefully.A. veryB. muchC. moreD. most错误:【D】15、We have bought two ________ for the coming party.A. box of appleB. boxes of applesC. box of applesD. boxes of apple错误:【B】16、Let’s leave the matter as it is ________, but we can discuss it when we are both free.A. for the momentB. at the momentC. in a momentD. for a moment错误:【A】17、It's raining heavily. We have to ______the sports meet.A. put offB. join inC. hold onD. take part in错误:【A】18、--Would you mind if I open the window for awhile?-----__________________________A. Of course not.B. That is fine, thanks.C. Yes, please go aheaD．D. Yes, it is ok.错误:【A】19、I was very sad when he made it clear that he ______the company soon.A. leavesB. leftC. would leaveD. had left错误:【C】20、The accident happened ____the morning of May 2nd.A. inB. onC. atD. for错误:【B】21、—I'm going to Hangzhou for a holiday this weekend. —_________you are there, can you buy me some green tea?A. BecauseB. WhileC. IfD. Though22、Only when he had handed in his exam paper _____ he had made several grammatical mistakes.A. he has realized thatB. he realized thatC. has he realizedD. did he realize错误:【D】23、“Do you want______?”The shop assistant asked.A. else anythingB. anything elseC. other anythingD. else something错误:【B】24、Every student has free _______ to the library.A. accessB. chanceC. useD. right错误:【A】25、I was very busy yesterday; otherwise, I _____ to your birthday party.A. would comeB. cameC. would have comeD. should come错误:【C】26、--Have you been to New Zealand? --No, I’d like to , ______.A. tooB. thoughC. yetD. either错误:【B】27、The destructive earthquake in Sichuan Province on May 12 rocked and _______ the whole world.A. shockedB. movedC. surprisedD. affected28、My grandpa can' t hear clearly. There's something wrong with his______.A. mouthB. eyesC. earsD. nose错误:【C】29、—_______________________.—I have toweigh your letter first. That’s one dollar fifteen cents.A. What’s the postage?B. How much is the letter?C. What do you do?D. How are you?错误:【A】30、—Could you ask him to call me, please?______! What's your name,please?A. SureB. OhC. YesD. Well错误:【A】31、My uncle ____in London. I'll _____with him for a few days.A. lives; stayB. stays; liveC. stays; stayD. lives; live错误:【A】32、I haven't seen him ____he left the small town.A. asB. sinceC. whenD. before错误:【B】33、We don’t ______ our customers to be mere consumers.A. supposeB. regardC. thinkD. consider错误:【D】34、Hurry up, ______we will miss the train.A. butB. andC. orD. so错误:【C】35、There is still an hour left. You don't need______.A. hurryB. to hurryC. hurryingD. hurried错误:【B】36、for a long time, but he tried his best to catch up with his classmates.A. Having been illB. Being illC. Tough he was illD. He was ill错误:【D】37、He could _____ neither French nor German. So I _____with him in English.A. speak; talkedB. talk; toldC. say; spokeD. tell; talked错误:【A】38、Books are a ______ provider of knowledge and pleasure and some types of books sould be in every home, such as a good dictionary, a good encyclopedia and so on.A. meaningfulB. perfectC. replaceableD. wonderful错误:【D】39、I can't understand this passage _______there are no new words in it.A. ifB. becauseC. thoughD. and错误:【C】40、The teacher asked the students to stop _____and _____to her.A. to talk; listenedB. talking; listenC. talking; listeningD. to talk; listen错误:【B】一、单选(共计100分,每题2.5分)1、Look! Your computer is covered with dust. Why not put a cover over it to keep it ___ the dirt.A. far fromB. apart fromC. free fromD. away from错误:【C】2、It's raining heavily. We have to ______the sports meet.A. put offB. join inC. hold onD. take part in错误:【A】3、After 15 years in the United States, he has finally decided to American citizenship.A. concentrate onB. apply forC. look out forD. appeal on错误:【B】4、--Mike, will you please go and get a box for me? --_______?A. What is itB. How comeC. What forD. How is it错误:【C】5、We all think it no good _____ computer games all the time; you will fall behind in your study.A. to playB. playingC. being playedD. to playing错误:【B】6、If you want to improve your English, you'd better practice ______it every day.A. speakB. to speakC. speakingD. spoken错误:【C】7、You are late. If you ____ a few minutes earlier, you _____ him here.A. came, would meetB. had come, would have metC. come, will meetD. had come, would meet错误:【B】8、______he was out of the room, he turned back and knocked at the teacher's door again.A. BeforeB. SinceC. As soon asD. Until错误:【C】9、They will give Miss Salina these mushrooms ____she comes back.A. untilB. as soon asC. beforeD. since错误:【B】10、I ___light blue ____dark blue.A. like; thanB. prefer; toC. prefer; thanD. like; to错误:【B】11、--Have you been to New Zealand? --No, I’d like to , ______.A. tooB. thoughC. yetD. either错误:【B】12、--Shall we go out for a picnic tomorrow? --__________.A. Go aheadB. Help yourselfC. Good ideaD. Me, too错误:【C】13、When she came several days later, she found that all things were still _________ where she had ____ themA. lay; laidB. laying; laidC. lay; lainD. lying; laid错误:【D】14、I was very sad when he made it clear that he ______the company soon.A. leavesB. leftC. would leaveD. had left错误:【C】15、Do be careful! The man is hard ________.A. dealing withB. to be dealt withC. to deal withD. for dealing with错误:【C】16、for a long time, but he tried his best to catch up with his classmates.A. Having been illB. Being illC. Tough he was illD. He was ill错误:【D】17、The law requires that all the car owners ____ their cars tested twice a year.A. hasB. haveC. hadD. will have错误:【B】18、--Where is my dictionary? --I remember ______ it back to you. Perhaps you left it somewhere else.A. to giveB. givingC. to have been givenD. gave错误:【B】19、---Oh dear! I’ve just broken a window.---- ___.It can’t behelped.A. Never mindB. All rightC. That’s fineD. Not at all错误:【A】20、--Mike suggests a camping trip this weekend. I think it is a good idea. -- __________A. Perhaps, but what about sightseeing along the seashore?B. I usually spend my weekends with my grandparents.C. I’ll talk about it with Mike later.D. Why, are you usually free on weekends?错误:【A】21、“Do you want______?”The shop assistant asked.A. else anythingB. anything elseC. other anythingD. else something错误:【B】22、The teacher asked the students to stop _____and _____to her.A. to talk; listenedB. talking; listenC. talking; listeningD. to talk; listen错误:【B】23、____all the passengers are here , why don't we start at once?A. As soon asB. AfterC. Now thatD. When错误:【C】24、I'm looking for a babysitter, She must be _____too old _____too young.A. neither; norB. both; andC. either; orD. not only; but also错误:【A】25、To ______ the child’s quick recovery, five doctors took turns looking after him day and night.A. ensureB. undertakeC. promiseD. indicate错误:【A】26、I, ____your good friend, will try my best to help you out.A. who isB. who amC. that isD. what is错误:【B】27、At first they worried about the situation but things _______ quite satisfactory.A. went onB. carried onC. turned outD. tried out错误:【C】28、—Do you speak English or French in Canada? —______,but, I prefer French.A. NeitherB. BothC. EitherD. All错误:【B】29、Hurry up, ______we will miss the train.A. butB. andC. orD. so错误:【C】30、Good timing is ______ to our plans.A. especialB. essentialC. completeD. equivalent错误:【B】31、The waiter or the waitress usually gives us a _____before we order dishes in a restaurant.A. menuB. billC. listD. form错误:【A】32、--Did your father go to America? --No, his doctor suggested that he _____ there.A. is goingB. not goC. did not goD. to be going错误:【B】33、----Do you know where I can repair myrecorder?----_______________________A. I have bought a new one.B. It is not expensive to repair it.C. You use it too much.D. Just around the street corner.错误:【D】34、We have bought two ________ for the coming party.A. box of appleB. boxes of applesC. box of applesD. boxes of apple错误:【B】35、I was very busy yesterday; otherwise, I _____ to your birthday party.A. would comeB. cameC. would have comeD. should come错误:【C】36、Books are a ______ provider of knowledge and pleasure and some types of books sould be in every home, such as a good dictionary, a good encyclopedia and so on.A. meaningfulB. perfectC. replaceableD. wonderful错误:【D】37、My father will come back from Beijing ____a week.A. forB. inC. afterD. since错误:【B】38、--Is it necessary that he ____ to Qingdao but to Weihai? --I agree, but the problem is _____ he has refused to.A. will not be sent, thatB. not be sent, thatC. should not be sent, whatD. should not send, what错误:【B】39、-The dishwasher looks nice. How much do you charge for it?-$1498.-It’s rather expensive.________________?- If you really want it, we can give youa ten percent discount off.A. I don’t take it.B. Can you sell it?C. Can’t you make it cheaper?D. Can you pack it?错误:【C】40、Having taken our seats,．A. the professor began the lectureB. the lecture began in no timeC. we were attracted by the lecturer immediatelyD. the bell announced the beginning of the lecture错误:【C】一、单选(共计100分,每题2.5分)1、My father will come back from Beijing ____a week.A. forB. inC. afterD. since错误:【B】2、—Will you please write a short passage on Meteor Garden and____ it to me this evening? —What about tomorrow? My computer doesn't work. I can't send it to you.A. bringB. giveC. takeD. e-mail错误:【D】3、--I told you that he would come to see you. --Actually I had little doubt _____ his story was true.A. whetherB. thatC. sinceD. if错误:【B】4、When she was young, she___ at ten in the evening and she soon____.A. fell asleep; went to bedB. slept; went to bedC. went to bed; fell asleepD. fell asleep; slept错误:【C】5、______he was out of the room, he turned back and knocked at the teacher's door again.A. BeforeB. SinceC. As soon asD. Until错误:【C】6、—What’s your brother doing? —He ___ science fiction.A. readsB. readC. is readingD. was reading错误:【C】7、Back in the 17th century, intellectual property rights were primarily ____ to protect newly-developed manufacturing processes against stealing.A. brought outB. carried outC. turned outD. set out错误:【B】8、--Is it necessary that he ____ to Qingdao but to Weihai? --I agree, but the problem is _____ he has refused to.A. will not be sent, thatB. not be sent, thatC. should not be sent, whatD. should not send, what错误:【B】9、Books are a ______ provider of knowledge and pleasure and some types of books sould be in every home, such as a good dictionary, a good encyclopedia and so on.A. meaningfulB. perfectC. replaceableD. wonderful错误:【D】10、Of all the students, Linda draws _____ carefully.A. veryB. muchC. moreD. most错误:【D】11、Only when he had handed in his exam paper _____ he had made several grammatical mistakes.A. he has realized thatB. he realized thatC. has he realizedD. did he realize错误:【D】12、We have bought two ________ for the coming party.A. box of appleB. boxes of applesC. box of applesD. boxes of apple错误:【B】13、Scientists around the world are working hard to ______a cure for Aids.A. inventB. discoverC. lookD. search错误:【B】14、—_______________________.—I have toweigh your letter first. That’s one dollar fifteen cents.A. What’s the postage?B. How much is the letter?C. What do you do?D. How are you?错误:【A】15、Do be careful! The man is hard ________.A. dealing withB. to be dealt withC. to deal withD. for dealing with错误:【C】16、Hurry up, ______we will miss the train.A. butB. andC. orD. so错误:【C】17、As for the influence of computerization, _____ have we seen the results more clearly than in the United States.A. anywhereB. nowhereC. somewhereD. everywhere错误:【B】18、--Would you mind if I open the window for awhile?-----__________________________A. Of course not.B. That is fine, thanks.C. Yes, please go aheaD．D. Yes, it is ok.错误:【A】19、I was very busy yesterday; otherwise, I _____ to your birthday party.A. would comeB. cameC. would have comeD. should come错误:【C】20、There is little water in the bottle,_____?A. isn't thereB. is itD. is there错误:【B】21、____the best way to travel on Bastille Day?A. When doesB. Which'sC. What'sD. Where is错误:【C】22、There_____a new bed and two old tables in the room.A. areB. isC. haveD. has错误:【B】23、There ____ a lot of traffic at this time of day, so you'd better ____more careful.A. has; beB. have; beenC. is; beD. are; are错误:【C】24、If you want to improve your English, you'd better practice ______it every day.A. speakB. to speakC. speakingD. spoken错误:【C】25、I haven't seen him ____he left the small town.A. asB. sinceC. whenD. before错误:【B】26、To ______ the child’s quick recovery, five doctors took turns looking after him day and night.A. ensureB. undertakeC. promise错误:【A】27、—Can I come this evening or tomorrow morning? —Oh, _____is OK. I'm free today and tomorrow.A. eitherB. noneC. neitherD. both错误:【A】28、I ___light blue ____dark blue.A. like; thanB. prefer; toC. prefer; thanD. like; to错误:【B】29、Chinese is one of the official languages ____at the UN meetingsA. useB. is usedC. usingD. used错误:【D】30、---Mary, can I use your computer now? ---- ___________.It doesn’twork.A. That’s all rightB. I’m afraid notC. You’re welcomeD. It doesn’t matter错误:【B】31、Dad and Mom are too busy to help us. Let's do it______.A. herselfB. himselfC. themselvesD. ourselves错误:【D】32、Equipped with modern facilities, today’s libraries differ greatly from ______.A. those of the pastB. the pastC. which of the pastD. these past33、My grandpa can' t hear clearly. There's something wrong with his______.A. mouthB. eyesC. earsD. nose错误:【C】34、____all the passengers are here , why don't we start at once?A. As soon asB. AfterC. Now thatD. When错误:【C】35、I was very sad when he made it clear that he ______the company soon.A. leavesB. leftC. would leaveD. had left错误:【C】36、—When shall we start? —Let's _____it 8:30.Is that all right?A. takeB. makeC. haveD. meet错误:【B】37、Jack told Mary he ____some snacks to her house if he _____to see her on Friday night.A. would bring; would goB. brought; would goC. would bring; wentD. brought; went错误:【C】38、I'm looking for a babysitter, She must be _____too old _____too young.A. neither; norB. both; andC. either; orD. not only; but also错误:【A】39、--Did your father go to America? --No, his doctor suggested that he _____ there.A. is goingB. not goC. did not goD. to be going错误:【B】40、The night was very _____, so he had to take off his shoes______.A. quiet; quietlyB. quite; quicklyC. late; quickD. quite; quietly错误:【A】一、单选(共计100分,每题2.5分)1、Books are a ______ provider of knowledge and pleasure and some types of books sould be in every home, such as a good dictionary, a good encyclopedia and so on.A. meaningfulB. perfectC. replaceableD. wonderful错误:【D】2、Equipped with modern facilities, today’s libraries differ greatly from ______.A. those of the pastB. the pastC. which of the pastD. these past错误:【A】3、—I'm going to Hangzhou for a holiday this weekend. —_________you are there, can you buy me some green tea?A. BecauseB. WhileC. IfD. Though错误:【B】4、Let’s leave the matter as it is ________, but we can discuss it when we are both free.A. for the momentB. at the momentC. in a momentD. for a moment错误:【A】5、---Oh dear! I’ve just broken a window.---- ___.It can’t behelped.A. Never mindB. All rightC. That’s fineD. Not at all错误:【A】6、With everything she needed,she went out of the shop,with her hands full of shopping bags.A. boughtB. to buyC. buyingD. buy错误:【A】7、There is still an hour left. You don't need______.A. hurryB. to hurryC. hurryingD. hurried错误:【B】8、I enjoy the movie very much. I wish I _____ the book from which it was made.A. have readB. had readC. should have readD. am reading错误:【B】9、We have bought two ________ for the coming party.A. box of appleB. boxes of applesC. box of applesD. boxes of apple错误:【B】10、—Will you please write a short passage on Meteor Garden and____ it to me this evening? —What about tomorrow? My computer doesn't work. I can't send it to you.A. bringB. giveC. takeD. e-mail错误:【D】11、They will give Miss Salina these mushrooms ____she comes back.A. untilB. as soon asC. beforeD. since错误:【B】12、Don’t ______ that all these who get good grades in the entrance examination will prove to be most successful.A. take as grantedB. take this for grantedC. take that for grantedD. take it for granted错误:【D】13、-The dishwasher looks nice. How much do you charge for it?-$1498.-It’s rather expensive.________________?- If you really want it, we can give youa ten percent discount off.A. I don’t take it.B. Can you sell it?C. Can’t you make it cheaper?D. Can you pack it?错误:【C】14、It is well known that teaching is a job,enough patience.A. calling onB. calling offC. calling forD. calling in错误:【C】15、--Do you think the football players played very well last night? -- __________.A. They were not nervous at allB. They were still youngC. They played naturallyD. They couldn’t have done better错误:【D】16、If you want to improve your English, you'd better practice ______it every day.A. speakB. to speakC. speakingD. spoken。
新概念英语lesson3课文
新概念英语lesson3课文Lesson 3。
In this lesson, we are introduced to a new character, Mrs. Smith. She is a housewife and she has a daily routine that she follows every day. Mrs. Smith wakes up at 6:30 in the morning and she gets up immediately. She makes breakfast for her family and then she wakes up her children at 7:00. After breakfast, she helps her children get ready for school and then she sees them off at 8:00. 。
Once her children are off to school, Mrs. Smith starts her household chores. She cleans the house, does the laundry, and prepares lunch for her family. She is a very organized person and she likes to have everything in order. After finishing her chores, she sits down to have a cup of tea and relax for a while.In the afternoon, Mrs. Smith goes to the market to buy groceries for dinner. She likes to cook fresh meals for her family every day. She enjoys trying out new recipes and experimenting with different ingredients. Cooking is one of her passions and she takes great pride in preparing delicious meals for her loved ones.After dinner, Mrs. Smith spends some quality time with her family. They watch TV together or play board games. Mrs. Smith believes in the importance of family bonding and she cherishes these moments spent with her loved ones. 。
武汉理工2022年11月《大学英语(3)(新)》在线考试网考复习资料
一、单选( 每题参考分值2.5分)1、--Do you think the football players played very well last night? -- __________.A. They were not nervous at allB. They were still youngC. They played naturallyD. They couldn’t have done better正确答案：【D】2、Which is ________,an elephant or a tiger?A. strongB. strongerC. strongestD. the strongest正确答案：【B】3、--Can I speak to Mr. Wang, please?---- ____________A. Who are you?B. I’m WangC. SpeakingD. Are you John?正确答案：【C】4、Scientists around the world are working hard to ______a cure for Aids.A. inventB. discoverC. lookD. search正确答案：【B】5、My uncle ____in London. I'll _____with him for a few days.A. lives; stayB. stays; liveC. stays; stayD. lives; live正确答案：【A】6、It was a very long day _____Tom. He didn't get home from school ___six o'clock.A. for, untilB. for, byC. to, sinceD. to, at正确答案：【A】7、There ____ a lot of traffic at this time of day, so you'd better ____more careful.A. has; beB. have; beenC. is; beD. are; are正确答案：【C】8、The waiter or the waitress usually gives us a _____before we order dishes in a restaurant.A. menuB. billC. listD. form正确答案：【A】9、Dad and Mom are too busy to help us. Let's do it______.A. herselfB. himselfC. themselvesD. ourselves正确答案：【D】10、—Who knows the way to the airport?—_____of them knows the way to the airport.A. AllB. BothC. NeitherD. Every正确答案：【C】11、—Do you speak English or French in Canada?—______,but, I prefer French.A. NeitherB. BothC. EitherD. All正确答案：【B】12、When she was young, she___ at ten in the evening and she soon____.A. fell asleep; went to bedB. slept; went to bedC. went to bed; fell asleepD. fell asleep; slept正确答案：【C】13、______he was out of the room, he turned back and knocked at the teacher's door again.A. BeforeB. SinceC. As soon asD. Until正确答案：【C】14、—Who made a phone call to me just now ,David?—I don't know, but is was a girl's_____.A. soundB. singingC. noiseD. voice正确答案：【D】15、To ______ the child’s quick recovery, five doctors took turns loo king after him day and night.A. ensureB. undertakeC. promiseD. indicate正确答案：【A】16、No sooner _____ themselves in their seats in the theater_____ the curtain went up.A. they have seated, beforeB. they had seated, thanC. had they seated, whenD. had they seated, than正确答案：【D】17、Equipped with modern facilities, today’s libraries differ greatly from ______.A. those of the pastB. the pastC. which of the pastD. these past正确答案：【A】18、--Have you been to New Zealand?--No, I’d like to , ______.A. tooC. yetD. either正确答案：【B】19、I enjoy the movie very much. I wish I _____ the book from which it was made.A. have readB. had readC. should have readD. am reading正确答案：【B】20、I can't understand this passage _______there are no new words in it.A. ifB. becauseC. thoughD. and正确答案：【C】21、He changed his name, that nobody would find out what he had done before.A. having thoughtB. to thinkC. thinksD. thinking正确答案：【D】22、---Mary, can I use your computer now? ---- ___________.It doesn’twork.A. That’s all rightB. I’m afraid notC. You’re welcomeD. It doesn’t matter正确答案：【B】23、You are late. If you ____ a few minutes earlier, you _____ him here.A. came, would meetB. had come, would have metC. come, will meetD. had come, would meet正确答案：【B】24、—Can I come this evening or tomorrow morning?—Oh, _____is OK. I'm free today and tomorrow.B. noneC. neitherD. both正确答案：【A】25、Of all the students, Linda draws _____ carefully.A. veryB. muchC. moreD. most正确答案：【D】26、At first they worried about the situation but things _______ quite satisfactory.A. went onB. carried onC. turned outD. tried out正确答案：【C】27、I ___light blue ____dark blue.A. like; thanB. prefer; toC. prefer; thanD. like; to正确答案：【B】28、─ Please write down the telephone number.─ Sorry, but I have no _________ to write on.A. penB. inkC. paperD. time正确答案：【C】29、—What would you do _______the lost library book?—I would try to find it or pay _____it.A. about; forB. for; toC. with; toD. with; for正确答案：【D】30、Why not look up the new word in a dictionary ______you don't know it?A. ifB. thatC. thoughD. whether正确答案：【A】31、My parents will go there by taxi because it is raining________.A. badlyB. hardlyC. probablyD. heavily正确答案：【D】32、The old man looked at me with his mouth wide open _____ to say something to me.A. what ifB. even ifC. only ifD. as if正确答案：【D】33、_____ from the tenth floor when they policeman pointed his pistol at him.A. Jumped down the burglarB. Down the burglar jumpedC. The burglar jumps downD. Down jumped the burglar正确答案：【D】34、--Mike, will you please go and get a box for me?--_______?A. What is itB. How comeC. What forD. How is it正确答案：【C】35、In the modern technological world the sea offers many ______ to help mankind survive.A. resourcesB. resourceC. aidsD. resourcefulness正确答案：【A】36、If you want to improve your English, you'd better practice ______it every day.A. speakB. to speakC. speakingD. spoken正确答案：【C】37、—My pencil sharpener is lost and I can't find it anywhere.—So, you'll have to buy a new______.A. itB. otherC. oneD. any正确答案：【C】38、—Could you ask him to call me, please?______! What's your name,please?A. SureB. OhC. YesD. Well正确答案：【A】39、Let’s leave the matter as it is ________, but we can discuss it when we are both free.A. for the momentB. at the momentC. in a momentD. for a moment正确答案：【A】40、Books are a ______ provider of knowledge and pleasure and some types of books sould be in every home, such as a good dictionary, a good encyclopedia and so on.A. meaningfulB. perfectC. replaceableD. wonderful正确答案：【D】41、It's raining heavily. We have to ______the sports meet.A. put offB. join inC. hold onD. take part in正确答案：【A】42、—Will you please write a short passage on Meteor Garden and____ it to me this evening?—What about tomorrow? My computer doesn't work. I can't send it to you.A. bringB. giveC. takeD. e-mail正确答案：【D】43、--Is it necessary that he ____ to Qingdao but to Weihai?--I agree, but the problem is _____ he has refused to.A. will not be sent, thatB. not be sent, thatC. should not be sent, whatD. should not send, what正确答案：【B】44、In November, shipments of the popular toy Aqua Dots were found to have been polluted with a poisonous chemical, causing some children who ate the craft toys vomit and lose ____.A. moodB. heartC. pressureD. consciousness正确答案：【D】45、—I'm going camping this weekend.________A. Can you fish?B. Have a good timeC. No, I'm too busyD. Don't give up now正确答案：【B】46、--I told you that he would come to see you.--Actually I had little doubt _____ his story was true.A. whetherB. thatC. sinceD. if正确答案：【B】47、--Shall we go out for a picnic tomorrow?--__________.A. Go aheadB. Help yourselfC. Good ideaD. Me, too正确答案：【C】48、Do be careful! The man is hard ________.A. dealing withB. to be dealt withC. to deal withD. for dealing with正确答案：【C】49、The law requires that all the car owners ____ their cars tested twice a year.A. hasB. haveC. hadD. will have正确答案：【B】50、As for the influence of computerization, _____ have we seen the results more clearly than in the United States.A. anywhereB. nowhereC. somewhereD. everywhere正确答案：【B】51、Your failure, in my opinion, lies in the _____ of self-confidence.A. lackB. senseC. regretD. prevention正确答案：【A】52、- The dishwasher looks nice. How much do you charge for it?- $1498.-It’s rather expensive.________________?- If you really want it, we can give youa ten percent discount off.A. I don’t take it.B. Can you sell it?C. Can’t you make it cheaper?D. Can you pack it?正确答案：【C】53、My father will come back from Beijing ____a week.A. forB. inC. afterD. since正确答案：【B】54、“Do you want______?”The shop a ssistant asked.A. else anythingB. anything elseC. other anythingD. else something正确答案：【B】55、After 15 years in the United States, he has finally decided to American citizenship.A. concentrate onB. apply forC. look out forD. appeal on正确答案：【B】56、I'm looking for a babysitter, She must be _____too old _____too young.A. neither; norB. both; andC. either; orD. not only; but also正确答案：【A】57、They will give Miss Salina these mushrooms ____she comes back.A. untilB. as soon asC. beforeD. since正确答案：【B】58、Every student has free _______ to the library.A. accessB. chanceC. useD. right正确答案：【A】59、The destructive earthquake in Sichuan Province on May 12 rocked and _______ the whole world.A. shockedB. movedC. surprisedD. affected正确答案：【A】60、I, ____your good friend, will try my best to help you out.A. who isB. who amC. that isD. what is正确答案：【B】61、The accident happened ____the morning of May 2nd.A. inB. onC. atD. for正确答案：【B】62、With everything she needed ,she went out of the shop,with her hands full of shopping bags.A. boughtB. to buyC. buyingD. buy正确答案：【A】63、____the best way to travel on Bastille Day?A. When doesB. Which'sC. What'sD. Where is正确答案：【C】64、---Oh dear! I’ve just broken a window.---- ___.It can’t behelped.A. Never mindB. All rightC. That’s fineD. Not at all正确答案：【A】65、How many more decades will have to pass scientists succeed in providing acure for cancer？A. whenB. beforeC. sinceD. until正确答案：【B】66、You looked for it twice, but you haven 't found it Why not try______?A. three timesB. a third timeC. third timeD. once正确答案：【B】67、Back in the 17th century, intellectual property rights were primarily ____ to protect newly-developed manufacturing processes against stealing.A. brought outB. carried outC. turned outD. set out正确答案：【B】68、Jack told Mary he ____some snacks to her house if he _____to see her on Friday night.A. would bring; would goB. brought; would goC. would bring; wentD. brought; went正确答案：【C】69、I haven't seen him ____he left the small town.A. asB. sinceC. whenD. before正确答案：【B】70、--Mike suggests a camping trip this weekend. I think it is a good idea.-- __________A. Perhaps, but what about sightseeing along the seashore?B. I usually spend my weekends with my grandparents.C. I’ll talk about it with Mike later.D. Why, are you usually free on weekends?正确答案：【A】71、When she came several days later, she found that all things were still _________ where she had ____ themA. lay; laidB. laying; laidC. lay; lainD. lying; laid正确答案：【D】72、My grandpa can' t hear clearly. There's something wrong with his______.A. mouthB. eyesC. earsD. nose正确答案：【C】73、____all the passengers are here , why don't we start at once?A. As soon asB. AfterC. Now thatD. When正确答案：【C】74、Having taken our seats, ．A. the professor began the lectureB. the lecture began in no timeC. we were attracted by the lecturer immediatelyD. the bell announced the beginning of the lecture正确答案：【C】75、I was very busy yesterday; otherwise, I _____ to your birthday party.A. would comeB. cameC. would have comeD. should come正确答案：【C】76、The piano in the other shop will be _____, but______.A. cheaper; not as betterB. more cheap; not as betterC. cheaper; not as goodD. more cheap; not as good正确答案：【C】77、—When shall we start?—Let's _____it 8:30.Is that all right?A. takeB. makeC. haveD. meet正确答案：【B】78、We have bought two ________ for the coming party.A. box of appleB. boxes of applesC. box of applesD. boxes of apple正确答案：【B】79、It is well known that teaching is a job, enough patience.A. calling onB. calling offC. calling forD. calling in正确答案：【C】80、Come on , children. Help yourselves to some ____if you like.A. fish and chickenB. ducks and chickenC. fish and chickensD. duck and chickens正确答案：【A】81、--Where is my dictionary?--I remember ______ it back to you. Perhaps you left it somewhere else.A. to giveB. givingC. to have been givenD. gave正确答案：【B】82、Quite a lot of people watch TV only to _______ time.A. killB. wasteC. spendD. pass正确答案：【A】83、─ Ｗhere have you been, Tim?─ I've been to_________.A. the Henry houseB. the Henry roomC. the Henry's homeD. Henry's正确答案：【D】84、An accident _____ on this road last week.A. has been happenedB. was happenedC. is happenedD. happened正确答案：【D】85、The night was very _____, so he had to take off his shoes______.A. quiet; quietlyB. quite; quicklyC. late; quickD. quite; quietly正确答案：【A】86、He didn't stop ____in the heavy rain. That is why he caught a bad cold.A. to workB. workingC. workD. worked正确答案：【B】87、Chinese is one of the official languages ____at the UN meetingsA. useB. is usedC. usingD. used正确答案：【D】88、He could _____ neither French nor German. So I _____with him in English.A. speak; talkedB. talk; toldC. say; spokeD. tell; talked正确答案：【A】89、- Any development about your job-hunting?-__________________________________.A. I haven't found one yet.B. I am satisfied with my job.C. My old job suits me better.D. I like to find a highly-paid job.正确答案：【A】90、—What do you think of the _____The Moonlight Sonata by Beethoven?—It sounds really wonderful.A. subjectB. musicC. bookD. animals正确答案：【B】。
3 拍手歌(最新)
雁丛 鹰休
雀雄 猛锦
龙 小 五
归类识字
雄鹰 孔雀 大雁 锦鸡 黄鹂 天鹅 这些加点的字有什么共同特点？
龙 小 五
zhuī
隹，象形字，甲骨文字形，像鸟形 。“
隹，短尾巴鸟的总称。”很多与鸟有关的字带 有“隹”部。而“鸟”字旁的字都与鸟有关。
“隹”和“鸟”， 都是表示与鸟类有 关的字。
龙 小 五
孔雀锦鸡是伙伴。
3 拍手歌
你拍一，我拍一，动物世界很新奇。 你拍二，我拍二，孔雀锦鸡是伙伴。 你拍三，我拍三，雄鹰飞翔云彩间。 你拍四，我拍四，天空雁群会写字。 你拍五，我拍五，丛林深处有猛虎。
龙 小 五
你拍六，我拍六，黄鹂百灵唱不休。 你拍七，我拍七，竹林熊猫在嬉戏。 你拍八，我拍八，大小动物都有家。 你拍九，我拍九，人和动物是朋友。 你拍十，我拍十，保护动物是大事。
龙 小 五
同学们可以找自己的好朋友， 一边拍手一边读儿歌。
龙 小 五
学编拍手歌 仔细观察每句儿歌，说说你的发现。
①押韵，每句话的最后一个字，韵 母相同或相近。
②每句话都有“你拍（ ），我拍 （ ）”。
③每句话的节奏一样。
龙 小 五
学着课文的样子，给其他小动物也来编 编“拍手歌”。
龙 小 五
小练笔
组词：歌手 唱歌
造句：她唱歌非常好听。 书写指导：要注意笔顺，两
个口要写得小些，欠的第二
笔是横钩不是横折钩。
龙
小
五
mā
猫o
音序：M 部首：犭 结构:左右
组词：熊猫 小猫
造句：我家有一只可爱 书写指导：反犬旁不要写成
的小猫。
单人旁，田要写得扁些。
龙 小 五
拓展
设备公司简介范文3篇（新）
设备公司简介范文3篇设备公司简介范文3篇设备，通常指可供人们在生产中长期使用，并在反复使用中基本保持原有实物形态和功能的生产资料和物质资料的总称。
下面是设备公司简介范文，欢迎参阅。
设备公司简介范文1浙江中创数控设备有限公司成立于1999年，开始以PCB，电路板，单片机控制板及机械主板开发和生产，至今发展到拥有多系列自主研发，生产，销售产品的高新科技企业;公司机构人员素质高，上进，产品技术含量高，敢于创新。
质量管理体系完善，售后服务良好。
专业的人才队伍,从软件开发,到硬件设计制造。
公司引进先进的管理理念和激励机制,结合实际,以逐步形成一套独特的管理模式.以开放的心态,与各科研机构,紧密合作,为公司构建了坚实的技术平台.本公司秉持服务第一,顾客至上的经营宗旨,持质量第一，不断创新的经营理念，以高质量的产品及完善的售后服务满足客户!设备公司简介范文2杭州聚英样本有限公司坐落在有中国家纺基地之称的浙江省杭州余杭，是一家专业制作沙发布、窗帘布等家纺面料样本的加工生产制造性企业。
每日可生产样本1000多本，从设计、拍照、印刷到装订、检验及最后交货一般不超过一周时间。
本公司设有专业的摄影棚，可布置数十种拍摄场景，根据家纺面料不同风格自由选择不同的拍摄场景。
本公司还设有专业样本设计部，对样本图片进行处理及样本形式的设计。
在处理图片和文字方面，注重每一个细节，力求图片更美观大方，文字字体及色彩更搭配样本整体，最大限度展示面料的美感;本公司可设计多种形式的样本。
目前本公司制作的样本以大小翻盖样本、PVC样本、风帆式吊卡等形式为主，另外还为多家工厂及经销商专门设计多种个性化的样本形式。
对样本的设计与制作，我们看到的是样本对面料销量的影响，而不仅仅是局限于对样本本身的简单交付。
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图3-11b
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的机构中， 如图 (c)的机构中，原动件数等于 ，构件自由度 的机构中 原动件数等于0， F=3×4-2×6=0。由于 × × 。由于F=0，机构无法运动。 ，机构无法运动。
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5 图3-11c
因此机构具有确定运动的条件是： 因此机构具有确定运动的条件是： 机构自由度必须大于零， 机构自由度必须大于零，且原动件数与其自由度 必须相等。 必须相等。
①每个低副引入两个约束，使机构失去两个自由度； 每个低副引入两个约束，使机构失去两个自由度；
②每个高副引入一个约束，使机构失去一个自由度。 每个高副引入一个约束，使机构失去一个自由度。
如果一个平面机构中有n个活动构件；其中有P 如果一个平面机构中有 个活动构件；其中有 L个 个活动构件 低副和 PH个高副。 个高副。 这些活动构件在未用运动副联接之前的自由度总数 为 3n。 。 当用 PL个低副和 PH个高副联接成机构之后，全部 个高副联接成机构之后， 运动副所引入的约束为 2PL+PH 该机构的自由度数 F 为： F = 3n-2PL-PH （3-1） ）
的五杆机构中， 如图 (a)的五杆机构中，原动件数等于 ，机构自由 的五杆机构中 原动件数等于1， 度 F=3×4-2×5=2。由于原动件数 ，因此其运动是不 × × 。由于原动件数<F， 确定的。 确定的。
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图3-11a
的四杆机构中， 如图 (b)的四杆机构中，原动件数等于 ，构件 的四杆机构中 原动件数等于2， 自由度F=3×3-2×4=1。由于原动件数 ，因此无法 自由度 × × 。由于原动件数>F， 运动。 运动。 2 C
3.3.1 平面机构自由度计算公式 一个作平面运动的自由构件有三个自由度。 一个作平面运动的自由构件有三个自由度。当 两个构件组成运动副之后， 两个构件组成运动副之后 ， 它们的相对运动就受到 约束， 使得某些独立的相对运动受到限制。 约束 ， 使得某些独立的相对运动受到限制 。 对独立 的相对运动的限制， 称为约束。 约束增多， 的相对运动的限制 ， 称为约束 。 约束增多 ， 自由度 就相应减少。 就相应减少 。 由于不同种类的运动副引入的约束不 所以保留的自由度也不同。 同，所以保留的自由度也不同。
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B．虚约束 ． 在运动副引入的约束中， 在运动副引入的约束中，有些约束对机构自由度 的影响是重复的。 的影响是重复的。这些对机构运动不起限制作用的重 复约束，称为消极约束或虚约束。 复约束，称为消极约束或虚约束。
平面机构中的虚约束常出现在下列场合: 平面机构中的虚约束常出现在下列场合 ( 1 ) 两个构件之间组成多个导路平行的移动副时。 两个构件之间组成多个导路平行的移动副时。
3.2 平面机构运动简图
在研究机构运动时，将那些无关的因素删减掉、 在研究机构运动时，将那些无关的因素删减掉、 注意保留与运动有关的外形， 注意保留与运动有关的外形，用规定的符号来代表构 件和运动副， 件和运动副，并按一定的比例表示各种运动副的相对 位置。这种表示机构各构件之间相对运动的简化图形， 位置。这种表示机构各构件之间相对运动的简化图形， 称为机构运动简图 机构运动简图。 称为机构运动简图。
第3章 平面机构运动简图 章 及自由度
3.1 运动副 3.2 平面运动机构简图 3.3 平面机构的自由度
3.1 运动副
运动副— 两构件之间直接接触并能作相对运动 运动副 的可动联接，称为运动副。 的可动联接，称为运动副。
分类— 按照接触特性， 分类 按照接触特性，通常把运动副分为 低副和高副两类。 低副和高副两类。
3.3.3 计算平面机构自由度的注意事项 1．复合铰链 －两个以上构件组成两个或更多个共轴线 ． 的转动副。 的转动副。 图中三个构件构成复合铰链。 图中三个构件构成复合铰链。此三构件共组成两个转 动副。当由K个构件组成复合铰链时，则应当组成（K-1） 动副。当由 个构件组成复合铰链时，则应当组成（ ） 个构件组成复合铰链时 个转动副。 个转动副。
机构中的构件可分为三类： 机构中的构件可分为三类： 用来支撑活动构件的构件。 （1）固定件 —用来支撑活动构件的构件。又称机架。 ） 用来支撑活动构件的构件 又称机架。
运动规律已知的活动构件。 运动规律已知的活动构件 （2）原动件 —运动规律已知的活动构件。它的运动 ） 是由外界输入的,故又称为输入构件 故又称为输入构件。 是由外界输入的 故又称为输入构件。
1．低副 －两构件通过面接触构成的运动副 ． 根据两构件间的相对运动形式， 根据两构件间的相对运动形式，低副又分为移 动副和转动副。 动副和转动副。 移动副 － 两构件间的相对运动为直线运动
铰链副 －两构件间的相对运动为转动
2．高副－两构件通过点或线接触构成的运动副 ．
1.凸轮高副 凸轮高副 2.齿轮高副 齿轮高副
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3 3 （a） ） 图3-12 （b） ）
2．局部自由度 －机构中常出现一种与输出构件运动无 ． 关的自由度， 关的自由度，称为局部自由度或多余自 由度。 由度。
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图3-13a
在该机构中， 在该机构中，n=2，PL=2， ， ， PH=1，其自由度为： ，其自由度为： F=3n- 2PL-PH=3×2-2×2-1=1 × × 此凸轮机构中只有一个自由度
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图3-9 回转副约束
2． 高副 ． 如图示， 如图示，只约束了 沿接触处公法线n-n方 沿接触处公法线 方 向移动的自由度， 向移动的自由度，保留 绕接触处的转动和沿接 触处公切线t-t方向移动 触处公切线 方向移动 的两个自由度。 的两个自由度。
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图3-10 高副约束
结论: 结论
式（3-1）就是平面机构自由度的计算公式。 ）就是平面机构自由度的计算公式。
机构的自由度必须大于零，机构才能够运动， 机构的自由度必须大于零，机构才能够运动，否 则成为桁架。 则成为桁架。
3.3.2 机构具有确定运动的条件 机构的自由度也即是机构所具有的独立运动的个数。 机构的自由度也即是机构所具有的独立运动的个数。 从动件是不能独立运动的， 从动件是不能独立运动的，只有原动件才能独立运动。 机构自由度与原动件的数目相等。 机构自由度与原动件的数目相等。
1． 低副 ． （1）移动副 ） 如图示，约束了沿 轴方向的移动和在平面内转动 如图示，约束了沿Y轴方向的移动和在平面内转动 两个自由度，只保留沿X轴方向移动的自由度 轴方向移动的自由度。 两个自由度，只保留沿 轴方向移动的自由度。
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图3-8 移动副约束
（2）回转副 ） 如图示， 约束了沿X、 轴移动的自由度 轴移动的自由度， 如图示 ， 约束了沿 、 Y轴移动的自由度 ， 只保留 一个转动的自由度。 一个转动的自由度。 1
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图3-18a
将滚子与顶杆焊成一 体，去掉移动副E’， 去掉移动副 ， 并在C点注明回转副 并在 点注明回转副 的个数，如图示： 的个数，如图示： B
C（2） （ ）
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F=3n-2PL-PH=3×7-2×9-1=2 × ×
图3-18b
因此机构有两个原动件，其自由度等于 ， 因此机构有两个原动件，其自由度等于2，所以具有 确定的运动。 确定的运动。
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图3-14
（2）两个构件之间组成多个轴线重合的回转副时。 ）两个构件之间组成多个轴线重合的回转副时。
图3-15 轴线重合的虚约束
（3）机构中对传递运动不起独立作用的对称部分，也 ）机构中对传递运动不起独立作用的对称部分， 为虚约束。 为虚约束。
图3-16 对称结构的虚约束
例3-5 试计算图3-18(a)所示的大筛机构的自由度，并判 试计算图 所示的大筛机构的自由度， 所示的大筛机构的自由度 断它是否有确定的运动。 断它是否有确定的运动。 解： 机构中的滚子有一个局 B 部自由度。 部自由度。 E和 在E和E’ 两个导路中 之一为虚约束。 之一为虚约束。 C处是复合铰链。 处是复合铰链。 处是复合铰链
机构中随着原动件的运动而运动的其 （3）从动件—机构中随着原动件的运动而运动的其 ） 余活动构件。 余活动构件。
例3-1 试绘制下图所示颚式破碎机的机构运动简图。 试绘制下图所示颚式破碎机的机构运动简图。
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图3-5 颚式破碎机及其机构简图
3.3 平面机构的自由度
自由度是构件可能出现的独立运动。 自由度是构件可能出现的独立运动。任何一个构 件在空间自由运动时皆有六个自由度。 件在空间自由运动时皆有六个自由度。 它可表达为在直角坐标系内沿着三个坐标轴的 移动和绕三个坐标轴的转动。 移动和绕三个坐标轴的转动。 y 而对于一个作平 面运动的构件， 面运动的构件，则只 1 有三个自由度，即沿x x 有三个自由度，即沿 轴和y轴移动 轴移动， 轴和 轴移动，以及在 α Oxy平面内的转动。 平面内的转动。 平面内的转动 y o x 图3-7