beowulf
贝奥武夫教学内容
《贝奥武夫》与改编的影视作品研究《贝奥武甫》(Beowulf)是英国文学中最古老的史诗,全诗共3182行,基本情节可分为两部分:第一部分(诗行1—1904):丹麦国王赫罗斯加兴建了一座宏伟的宴乐厅,遭到魔怪格兰道尔的袭击。
那魔怪为所欲为,连续为害达十二年之久。
消息传到高特人(在今天的瑞典南部。
)耳里。
高特武士贝奥武甫率十四勇士前往救援。
经过激烈的搏斗,力大无穷的贝奥武甫扯断了魔怪的一只胳膊。
垂死的魔怪逃回自己的洞穴。
第二天晚上又有一个魔怪前来骚扰宴乐厅,此魔乃格兰道尔之母,是为他的儿子报仇来的。
贝奥武甫与她在水潭下的洞穴中展开殊死搏斗,最后用魔剑将她杀死。
第二部分(1905—3182):贝奥武甫凯旋回国。
不久,国王海格拉克父子先后死于非命,贝奥武甫继承王位。
他成功地统治高特国达五十年之久。
就在壮士暮年,国内出了一条毒龙。
该毒龙因自己守护的财宝被盗,开始向高特人进行报复。
它口吐烈焰,毁灭一切。
为了拯救自己的国家和人民,贝奥武甫毅然进入龙窟。
在一位名叫威格拉夫的年轻武士的援助下,毒龙被除,但老英雄也因受伤过重而献出了生命。
诗歌中,贝奥武甫有三场大的战斗。
首先杀死巨魔格兰道尔。
再杀死格兰道尔的母亲,解救了丹麦国王后,回去瑞典作了国王。
暮年时,他又廉颇不老,杀死了残害民众的火龙,自己也伤重不治。
贝奥武夫给人最深的印象是他超凡的武力和英勇善战的本色。
这种超人的力量,是他战胜敌人的前提条件。
在劳动力低下和科学技术尚不发达的古代,人们要想战胜敌人,获取生活必需品,只有依靠武力。
因此,拥有超人的武力作为衡量英雄的首要条件已成了古代的传统。
从《贝奥武夫》对英雄武力的反复描写中,我们可以看到中古社会的人们对于这一传统的继承。
贝奥武夫不仅具有超人的武力,还具有与之相应的勇敢精神。
贝奥武夫经历的三次战斗,一次比一次艰难,一次比一次更需要勇气。
如果说贝奥武夫前两次战斗的勇气是基于对自己超人武力的充分自信,那么,他与毒龙的搏斗则是强大的责任感使然。
Beowulf 贝尔武甫
名文;Adventure of A shilling一先令的历险
Richard Steele理查德·斯梯尔1672-1729
The Christian Hero基督教徒的英雄
名文:The Spectator Club旁观者俱乐部
Alexander Pope蒲柏1688-1744
The Great Comedies:A Midsummer Night’s Dream仲夏夜之梦;The Merchant of Venice威尼斯商人;As You Like It如愿;;Twelfth Night第十二夜;
The Great Tragedies:The Tragedy of Hamlet哈姆雷特/王子复仇记; Othello奥塞罗King Lear李尔王; The Tragedy of Macbeth麦克白;
his contribution to English poetry: introduced fromfrancethe rhymed couplet of 5 accents in iambic meter (the heroic couplet), is the first great poet who wrote in the English language. Who making the dialect ofLondonthe standard for the modern English speech.
(The founder of the Metaphysical school of poetry)
John Dryden
All for LoveAntonyand Cleopatra An Essay of Dramatic Poesy
beowulf译文
beowulf译文
Beowulf
英[ˈbeɪəˌwʊlf]美[ˈbeəˌwʊlf]
释义
裴欧沃夫(被认为创作于公元8世纪早期的,英国无名氏所作的一部古老史诗中的传奇英雄。
贝奥伍尔弗杀死妖怪格伦德尔及妖怪的母亲,成为耶牙特的国王,死于与一条龙的争斗中)实用场景例句
Just don't take any course where they make you read Beowulf.
只要不选要让你读《裴欧沃夫》[英格兰诗史]的课就行.
But much later, Beowulf is killed by a treasure - hoarding dragon.
但许久之后, 贝奥武夫却被一条屯聚财宝的恶龙攻击而丧命.
My name is strength ! And lust ! And power! I AM BEOWULF!
我的名字就等于力量、欲望和权力, 我--是--贝奥武夫!。
beowulf读后感
beowulf读后感
《贝奥武甫》是一部以英雄传说为题材的史诗,讲述了贝奥武甫在与怪物格rendel和其母亲的战斗中所展现的英雄气概和勇气。
在读完这部史诗后,我深受感动,对贝奥武甫这位英雄也有了更深的认识。
贝奥武甫是一位具有非凡勇气和智慧的英雄,在面对怪物的时候,他展现出了无畏的勇气和坚定的决心。
他不畏艰险,勇敢地面对着怪物,最终成功地战胜了他们,保卫了人民的安全。
这种英雄气概让我深受鼓舞,也让我对贝奥武甫充满了敬佩之情。
另外,贝奥武甫的忠诚和正直也给我留下了深刻的印象。
在史诗中,贝奥武甫展现出了对国王的忠诚和对朋友的真诚,他始终坚守着自己的信仰和原则,不为外界的诱惑所动摇。
这种品质让我深感敬佩,也让我对贝奥武甫产生了深厚的情感。
另外,史诗中还有很多关于勇士之间的战斗和友情的描写,这些情节让我深受感动。
在贝奥武甫与怪物的斗争中,他得到了同伴的支持和帮助,这种友情让我感受到了人与人之间的真诚和温暖。
这些情节让我对史诗中的人物产生了更加深刻的认识,也让我对史
诗的情节产生了更深的共鸣。
总的来说,读完《贝奥武甫》让我深受感动,对史诗中的人物和情节也有了更深的认识。
贝奥武甫这位英雄的勇气、忠诚和友情都让我深感敬佩,也让我对这部史诗产生了深厚的情感。
希望能够通过这篇读后感,与更多的人分享对《贝奥武甫》的感悟和体会。
英国文学作品《贝奥武夫》简介
beowulf简介《贝奥武夫》是迄今为止最古老的英国民族史诗,与法国的《罗兰之歌》、德国的《尼伯龙根指环》并称为欧洲文学的三大英雄史诗。
其但作者已无从考证。
《贝奥武夫》现存手稿仅有一部,收藏在大英博物馆,其编号为Cotton Vitellius A.xv,现存的手稿属于10至11世纪。
现存手稿分为两部分,总共3182行。
第一部分以神话中的英雄、主人公贝奥武夫先后战胜巨怪格兰代尔和母怪的英雄事迹为主线索,描写主人公年轻时代斩妖除魔的光辉业绩。
第二部分记述英雄晚年时不畏火龙、英勇奋战的壮举故事情节开篇故事以丹麦国王赫洛斯伽(Hrothgar)建立一座名叫“鹿宫”(Heorot)的豪华宫殿以供他及部下娱乐(诗篇1—100行)。
一个名叫格兰代尔(Grendel)的妖怪在夜晚频频闯入宫中,并在一个夜晚吃掉了30名睡在那里的勇士,以至于一到夜晚怪物便袭击宫殿,从此宫殿空无一人,被荒废长达12年之久(诗篇101—193行)。
格兰代尔闯入鹿宫的消息最终传到了瑞典南部,叶亚特(Geat)部落国王许基拉克(Hygelac)有一个名为贝奥武夫(Beowulf),他是一位见义勇为、救人危难、力臂超群的勇士。
贝奥武夫听到这个消息,带着他的14名随从乘船来到丹麦,以帮助赫洛斯伽。
他们到达丹麦海岸,在向导的指引下来到赫洛斯伽的鹿宫(诗篇194—319行)。
期间,这位丹麦国王讲述他与贝奥武夫的父亲Ecgtheow的友情,贝奥武夫陈述了他来此的目的。
随后,来访者们受到国王的盛情款待(诗篇320—497行)。
英雄的一名名叫翁非斯(Unferth;意为“好斗者”)的手下却很不友好,根据道听图说污蔑我们的英雄在一次游泳比赛中输给了布雷卡(Breca),贝奥武夫用铁的事实驳斥了翁非斯,并谴责他胆小怯懦,不敢与格兰代尔交手(诗篇498—606行)。
随后,赫洛斯伽的王后Wealhtheow斟满贝奥武夫的酒杯,我们的英雄表示了他要么征服怪物,要么被怪物杀死的决心。
beowulf
beowulf《贝奥武夫》(Beowulf),一译贝奥武甫,1992年出版的文学作品,讲述了斯堪的纳维亚的英雄贝奥武夫的英勇事迹。
是英国盎格鲁—撒克逊时期最古老、最长的一部较完整的文学作品,也是欧洲最早的方言史诗,完成于公元八世纪左右,它与法国的《罗兰之歌》、德国的《尼伯龙根之歌》并称为欧洲文学的三大英雄史诗。
作为现存的古代英国文学作品之一,《贝奥武夫》篇章完整,流传很广,是研究英国文学、文化的人必然要了解的史诗,堪称英文经典文学和世界文学的典范之作。
《贝奥武夫》从人物家谱开始介绍了主人翁的背景,然后讲述霍格国王在豪华的宫殿里歌舞升平的生活,随后引入了格兰戴和贝奥武夫之类角色。
由此,全诗描述的重点转向了英雄和妖怪之间的搏斗,透露着浓烈的处在部落制晚期的盎格鲁—撒克逊民族的生活气息。
在《贝奥武夫》的时代,盎格鲁—撒克逊部落征服了古英国本土的凯尔特人,建立起了新的统治体系。
虽然赋予霍格国王丹麦王的身份,《贝奥武夫》体现的却是英国文化历史发展的轨迹,传递的是极具英国特色的文化讯息。
征服了重重困难最终在英国土地上定居,盎格鲁—撒克逊民族在享受胜利果实的同时,势必会对曾经的经历以及新的环境和生活做思索。
当时的自然条件和科学能力并不允许他们正确的解释广袤宇宙、浩瀚海洋、幽远森林里的神秘现象,这会让他们充满无限的想象。
人们会认为宇宙的神秘源于另一个世界的统治和安排。
那么,出现格兰戴母子那样掌控着沼泽的妖怪或者喷火的龙那样守护着山洞里面财宝的角色也就不奇怪了。
作为地球的主宰,人会期待掌控一切的权利,既然有了那么多的神怪,人们就会呼唤像贝奥武夫一样的英雄。
德国著名剧作家莱辛说:“一个有才能的作家,不管他选择哪种形式,只要不单单是为了炫耀自己的机智、学识而写作,他总是着眼于他的时代,着眼于他国家的最光辉、最优秀的人,并且着力描写为他们所喜欢、为他们所感动的事物。
”《贝奥武夫》不是某个作家的作品,但是,它是盎格鲁—撒克逊时期人们集体智慧的结晶,代表的是那个时代的人们的喜好和愿望,具有鲜明的时代性,是记录古英国人文风情的优秀画卷。
【英美文学课件】-贝奥武夫-Beowulf27页
Beowulf
Introducing the Epic
Monsters
Grendel: man-eating monster who lives at the bottom of a foul mere, or mountain lake.
Grendel’s mother: waterwitch who seeks revenge.
People
Beowulf: nephew of Higlac, king of the Geats.
Hrothgar: king of the Danes.
Wiglaf: a Geat warrior, one of Beowulf’s select band and the only on the dragon.
under misthleoþum godes yrre bær;
manna cynnes in sele þam hean.
Line divided into two parts by a caesura.
Beowulf
The Poetry of Beowulf
Here are the same lines in modern English from Burton Raffel’s translation:
The Poetry of Beowulf
Beowulf was composed in Old English, which uses a caesura, or rhythmic pause, to create unity.
Locate the caesura in these lines:
ða com of more Grendel gongan, mynte se manscaða sumne besyrwan
《贝奥武夫》的悲剧英雄主义色彩
浅谈《贝奥武夫》的悲剧英雄主义色彩摘要《贝奥武夫》是一部英雄叙事长诗,它将历史史实与神话传说结合起来展现了远古时代的英雄主义色彩。
关于英雄人物的刻画,不同时期的人物形象反映了人们不同的评价标准。
本文主要通过分析《贝奥武夫》中的英雄故事,结合主要内容和创作背景,探讨其悲剧的英雄主义色彩。
关键词:《贝奥武夫》悲剧英雄主义精神追求中图分类号:i106.2 文献标识码:a《贝奥武夫》作为英国最早的史诗,在中世纪欧洲文坛上占据着重要的地位,其取材于北欧的民间传说,经过长期的沉淀和发展最终创立而成。
《贝奥武夫》以史诗的形式反映了公元5世纪至6世纪之间日耳曼人的英雄主义精神以及当时的社会生活情况,突出展现了日耳曼人的英雄主义理想。
一《贝奥武夫》的整体赏析《贝奥武夫》(beowulf)同历史上很多著名的英雄史诗一样,其作者仍然成谜,但据研究很有可能是一位信仰基督教的诗人,其活跃时间为公元8世纪,地点主要位于英国中北部。
他参照了古罗马史诗《埃涅阿斯纪》的写法,将英雄事迹、神话和历史结合在一起,再附上他个人基督教色彩的评论,这部巨作长达3182行。
最初文学(神话传说、传奇故事)的流传并不是靠书写来传播,而是口口相传,英国的文学也是如此。
那些能说会道的人用歌唱,用吟诵来表达故事,不同的人唱过就会有不同的润色和增添,故事流传到不同的地方,也有可能与其它的很多故事合并交融,成为一个新的更长的英雄传说。
一代代的歌曲创造者们声口相传,只有其中的一小部分后来才通过笔记录下来。
而在所有记录的写本中,得以保存后世的也只是少数。
《贝奥武夫》也是如此,它唯一的手抄本以西撒克斯方言著成,成书于公元10世纪。
这部极其珍贵的史诗虽然不属于三大英雄史诗,但它是欧洲最早的方言史诗,有珍贵的文献价值。
下面,我们可以试着分析一下古英语宗教性诗歌《创世纪》和史诗《贝奥武夫》之间的关系。
前者对后者的影响可以在情感上、技巧上体现,其运用了一种庞杂、华丽的写作形式以取代以往的一种传统简朴的诉说故事的模式。
Beowulf(贝尔武甫)
Beowulf, a young warrior from Geatland, hears of Hroð gar's troubles and with his king's permission leaves his homeland to help Hroð gar. Beowulf and his men spend the night in Heorot. Beowulf bears no weapon because this would be an “unfair advantage” over the unarmed beast. After they fall asleep, Grendel enters the hall and attacks, devouring one of Beowulf„s men. Beowulf has been feigning(假装) sleep and leaps up to clench(抓住) Grendel's hand. The two battle until it seems as though the hall might collapse. Beowulf's retainers draw their swords and rush to his aid, but their blades cannot pierce Grendel's skin. Finally, Beowulf tears Grendel's arm from his body at the shoulder and Grendel runs to his home to die.
Second le: Grendel's mother
贝奥武夫
So, what styles can you observe in the lines of Beowulf?
In terms of its language &rhyme:
Old English poetry such as Beowulf is very different from modern poetry. It was probably recited, for few people at that time were able to read. Instead of pairs of lines joined by rhyme (similarity of sounds at the ends of words), Anglo-Saxon poets typically used alliteration - a technique in which the first half of the line (the a-verse) is linked to the second half (the b-verse) through similarity in initial sound: Oft Scyld Scefing sceaðena threatum。 本诗原以西撒克逊方言写成,押头韵而不押尾韵,用双字隐喻而不用 明喻。整篇诗采用押头韵手法,节奏强劲多变,一般每行四个重音,往 往有三个押头韵,这是该诗最明显的特征。同时,诗中暗喻和含蓄手法 大量使用,也配合表现了英雄题材。 《贝奥武夫》(Beowulf) 根据发音,我们译为:贝奥武夫。其实, 它有两种意思:第一,Beo,是北欧单词的简写,因此,可翻译为:北 欧之狼。第二,Beo,是“熊”的发音简写,寓意:像熊一样强壮以及 像狼一样勇猛的男人。
beowulf 英国文学选读原文 民族史诗
beowulf 英国文学选读原文民族史诗一、概述beowulf 是世界文学史上最古老的史诗之一,被认为是英国文学的里程碑。
它讲述了丹麦国王罗斯加尔的丑恶怪物格伦德尔以及格兰德尔的母亲的故事。
beowulf 是一部反映古代盎格鲁-撒克逊民族精神和价值观的伟大作品,具有深刻的历史和文化内涵。
二、史诗背景1. beowulf 是由一位匿名作者于公元8至11世纪间创作的,弥漫着战争、英勇和荣誉的史诗诗篇。
其背景设置在北欧,主要涉及丹麦和瑞典两个国家的故事。
2. beowulf 的故事时间设置在公元6世纪至7世纪间,当时北欧地区正处于混乱动荡的时期,各部落之间经常发生战争和冲突,诗篇中反映了当时社会的混乱和人们对英雄的渴望。
三、主要人物及情节1. beowulf 作为史诗的主人公,是一位勇猛无畏的盎格鲁-撒克逊勇士,他英勇地消灭了格伦德尔和格伦德尔的母亲,最终成为了吉特人的国王。
2. 格伦德尔是一只凶恶的怪物,它居住在湖底的巢穴中,经常袭击丹麦的国家,给人们造成了巨大的恐慌和损失。
3. 格伦德尔的母亲也是一只凶恶的怪物,她为了报复 beowulf 杀死她的儿子,前来袭击人类的村庄。
四、史诗价值1. beowulf 反映了古代盎格鲁-撒克逊人的战争英勇和对荣誉的追求,展现了当时社会对勇士的崇敬和推崇。
2. beowulf 以其雄壮的叙事和宏伟的场景展示了古代北欧民族的民族精神和文化价值观,对研究古代社会和思想具有重要的历史和文化意义。
3. 民族史诗 beowulf 的价值不仅在于它的文学成就,更重要的是它作为古代北欧文化的见证物,具有不可替代的历史意义。
五、结语beowulf 是一部举世闻名的民族史诗,反映了古代盎格鲁-撒克逊民族的战争英勇和对荣誉的追求。
其史诗诗篇雄奇壮丽,虽然创作已有千余年,却至今仍然给人们带来了无尽的思考。
作为英国文学的珍贵遗产,beowulf 在世界文学史上占据着重要的地位,值得我们深入研究和传承。
贝奥武夫读后感(一)
贝奥武夫读后感(一)《贝奥武夫》(Beowulf),是一部由公元九世纪的英雄叙事长诗广播剧,制作费高达7000万美元的3D动画电影。
故事中的贝奥武夫是个斩妖除怪的大些小英雄,应丹麦国王的特邀来助其杀死了长期为患的恶魔格伦德尔,在民众与国王夫妇的赞扬声之中,这位英雄飘飘然,全然没在意属下的警告,当晚遭到恶魔格伦德尔的母亲的报复,一夜之间贝奥武夫几乎失去了所有的武士,为了勇气与王后的青睐,洛基夫独闯龙潭,然而在恶魔格伦德尔的母亲面前却使不出一分力气,在这个女巫的要胁色诱下,贝奥武夫是与她定下了魔鬼的契约。
回去后,贝奥武夫用谎言如愿以偿地得到了王位与王后,到了晚年却不得为这个契约赎罪,最后与自己的恶魔儿子同归于尽,舍生取义。
聆听着《贝奥武夫》悠扬而又伤感主题曲(Gently as she goes),一边不由为英雄末路的青涩而慨叹。
英雄再大终归也是人则,只不过比普通人更有能力与天赋才华,然而他们往往成就了显赫的功勋的同时,在巅峰上为渐渐迷失了自己。
殊不知,能力越大,责任也就越大,一个“稍不留意”,便酿成了千古遗憾。
谁都不愿意与厄运同行,但厄运的魅影虽然无时不离世人的左右,稍有“不慎”,厄运便便悄然与你定下了魔鬼的协议书,于是宿命的沙漏默默地为你开始美梦计时。
你执掌着《周易》的罗盘,方正度量着阴府阳宅,企望逢凶化吉;你把宗祖与自己置于菩萨左右,同消着香烛与经颂,欲得禅法护佑来消灾避难,怎奈阴阳逆转幻化无常,刹那间的迷失,便难得圆觉。
只要定下了魔鬼的契据,才注定你要同自己抗争,你拿什么来阻止这涓涓的流沙呢?江山多娇,英雄折腰,也许英雄就注定要各种各样大大的磨难,能从容而过者却总是寥寥。
在古英语文学中有一首英雄诗
在古英语文学中有一首英雄诗
《贝奥武夫》(Beowulf)一译贝奥武甫,是一部完成于公元八世纪左右的英国古代盎格鲁撒克逊(Anglo-Saxons)民族的英雄叙
事长诗,讲述了斯堪的纳维亚(Scandinavia)的英雄贝奥武夫(Beowulf)的英勇事迹。
该诗是现存古英语文学中最古老的作品,也是欧洲最早的方言
史诗。
这部英格兰的古典英雄史诗从发生的历史背景、地理位置、主要人物都与英国毫不相干。
诗中的主人公贝奥武夫来自瑞典,完成其英雄壮举却在丹麦。
全诗分为两部分:第一部分讲述丹麦洛斯格国王(KingHrothgar)修建的宏伟宫殿在前后十二年中被半人半魔的妖怪哥伦多(Grendel)每晚骚扰,捉食洛斯格的战士。
此时恰逢瑞典南部济兹(Geats)王
子贝奥武夫率家臣来访,欲帮助洛斯格国王除害。
国王当晚设宴款待,妖怪哥伦多再次出现,捉食一名济兹战士,贝奥武夫与之格斗,扭断其臂,妖怪落荒而逃,因受重伤回到栖身的洞穴后死去。
第二天晚上,哥伦多的母亲前来为其子复仇,之后贝奥武夫将其在一湖泊的洞穴中杀死。
第二部分描叙贝奥武夫返回本国,被拥戴为王,统治国家五十年,举国大治。
最后贝奥武夫以垂老之年,杀一喷火巨龙,身受重创死去。
史诗以贝奥武夫的葬礼结束。
【英美文学课件】-贝奥武夫-Beowulf 详细
Feature Menu
Introducing the Epic Literary Focus: The Epic Hero The Poetry of Beowulf: Caesuras, Alliteration, and Kennings
Beowulf
Beowulf
Introducing the Epic
[End of Section]
Vocabulary
Beowulf
Vocabulary
Previewing the Vocabulary resolute adj.: determined. vehemently adv.: violently infallible adj.: unable to fail or be wrong furled v.: rolled up. lavish adj.: extravagant assail v.: attack extolled v.: praised
Beowulf
Literary Focus: The Epic Hero
The epic hero is the central figure in a long narrative that reflects the values and heroic ideals of a particular society. An epic is a quest story on a grand scale.
Beowulf was composed in Old English, which uses a caesura, or rhythmic pause, to create unity. Locate the caesura in these lines: ða com of more Grendel gongan, mynte se manscaða sumne besyrwan under misthleoþum godes yrre bær; manna cynnes in sele þam hean.
贝奥武夫现代英语版 -回复
贝奥武夫现代英语版-回复题目: 贝奥武夫的现代英语版Introduction:Beowulf is an epic poem that has been widely studied and revered for centuries. Its themes of heroism, valor, and the eternal struggle between good and evil have resonated with readers throughout history. In this article, we will explore a modern English version of Beowulf, discussing its significance and impact in contemporary society.Background:Beowulf, originally written in Old English, is believed to be composed by an anonymous poet in the 8th century. It tells the story of the eponymous hero, Beowulf, who travels to Denmark to aid King Hrothgar in defeating the fearsome monster, Grendel. After successfully slaying Grendel, Beowulf goes on to battle Grendel's mother and, later in life, a dragon.Translation:The translation of Beowulf into modern English has been a cultural phenomenon. Numerous versions of the poem exist, eachattempting to capture the essence and spirit of the original Old English text. One notable translation is by Seamus Heaney, an Irish poet and Nobel laureate. Heaney's translation, published in 1999, captures the musicality and grandeur of the original poem while making it accessible to modern readers.Significance:Heaney's modern English version of Beowulf has brought the ancient epic to a wider audience. By using contemporary language and idioms, Heaney has made the story more relatable to readers today. This accessibility has allowed new generations to appreciate the timeless themes and lessons found within Beowulf.Language Adaptation:In translating Beowulf into modern English, Heaney faced the challenge of preserving the poetic elements while ensuring the text remained comprehensible. He successfully weaves together elements of the old and new, striking a balance between archaic language and contemporary diction. By doing so, he helps readers understand the original poem's beauty and grandeur.Themes and Relevance:Despite being an ancient text, Beowulf tackles themes that remain relevant in contemporary society. The struggle against evil, the pursuit of glory, and the search for identity are universal concepts explored in the poem. Beowulf's heroism and selflessness in the face of danger serve as an example even in today's world.Influence on Literature:Heaney's modern English translation of Beowulf has had a significant impact on literature. It has sparked renewed interest in the poem, inspiring other authors to explore the story and its themes. Additionally, the success of Heaney's translation has paved the way for similar adaptations of other ancient texts, encouraging readers to engage with timeless literature in a more accessible format.Conclusion:The modern English version of Beowulf by Seamus Heaney has breathed new life into this ancient epic. Its translation has made the poem more accessible to contemporary readers while staying true to the essence and beauty of the original text. Through this adaptation, Beowulf continues to captivate audiences,demonstrating its enduring relevance and status as a literary masterpiece.。
beowulf故事梗概英文简短
beowulf故事梗概英文简短Title: Beowulf: The Epic Tale of a Hero's TriumphBeowulf is an ancient English epic poem that recounts the heroic exploits of its namesake protagonist. The story revolves around Beowulf, a Geatish warrior who travels to Denmark to assist King Hrothgar in his fight against the vicious monster known as Grendel.Beowulf is a valiant and courageous warrior, renowned for his strength and bravery. Upon arrival in Denmark, he is welcomed by Hrothgar, who has been plagued by Grendel's attacks. For twelve years, Grendel has terrorized Hrothgar's kingdom, ruthlessly attacking and devouring his men during the night.Beowulf boldly volunteers to confront Grendel. The battle takes place in Herot, Hrothgar's grand mead hall. As night falls, Beowulf and his men await Grendel's arrival. When the monstrous beast enters Herot, Beowulf fiercely engages in combat, ripping off Grendel's arm, leaving him mortally wounded. Victorious, Beowulf emerges as the savior of Hrothgar's kingdom.However, Grendel's mother seeks vengeance for her son's death. Grendel's mother, equally fearsome, attacks Herot, killing one of Hrothgar's most trusted advisors. In retaliation, Beowulf tracks down the vicious creature to her underwater lair. There, he battles and ultimately slays her, avenging the advisor's death.Years pass, and Beowulf becomes the king of the Geats. His rule is prosperous until a dragon guarding a hidden treasure awakens. The dragon begins to terrorize the kingdom, and Beowulf, now aging, decides to combat the dragon alone. In a final act of bravery, Beowulf faces the dragon but is mortally wounded. His faithful companion, Wiglaf, comes to his aid and together they slay the dragon.In Beowulf's dying moments, he instructs Wiglaf to build him a grand tomb and reflects on his legacy. Beowulf's epic battles, selflessness, and loyalty have made him a legendary hero in the annals of history.Beowulf is a timeless tale of valor, bravery, and the indomitable spirit of mankind, showcasing the triumph of good over evil and the enduring legacy of heroic deeds.。
beowulf读后感
beowulf读后感《Beowulf》读后感《Beowulf》是一部史诗般的古老英雄故事,讲述了一位勇敢的战士Beowulf的传奇冒险。
这部作品深深地吸引了我,让我对古代英雄文化和史诗故事产生了浓厚的兴趣。
阅读完《Beowulf》后,我对这部史诗有了更深刻的理解和感悟。
首先,我被Beowulf的勇气和无畏所深深震撼。
在史诗中,Beowulf是一位无所畏惧的战士,他不惧怕任何困难和危险,勇敢地面对各种挑战。
他不仅仅是一位出色的战士,更是一位真正的英雄,他的勇气和无畏精神让我深受启发。
在现实生活中,我们也可以从Beowulf身上学到很多,勇敢面对困难,永不退缩,这是每个人都应该具备的品质。
其次,史诗中的友谊和忠诚也给我留下了深刻的印象。
在《Beowulf》中,Beowulf与他的战友们之间建立了深厚的友谊和忠诚。
他们相互扶持,共同面对困难和挑战,展现了真正的战友情谊。
这让我想起了现实生活中的友谊和忠诚,真正的朋友应该在彼此需要的时候相互扶持,共同面对生活中的挑战。
另外,史诗中的荣耀和尊严也给我留下了深刻的印象。
Beowulf 在面对怪物格瑞rendel和龙的时候,展现了非凡的勇气和决心,最终取得了胜利,赢得了荣耀和尊严。
这让我想起了现实生活中的荣耀和尊严,一个人应该有自己的追求和目标,勇敢地去追求,不断超越自我,才能赢得真正的荣耀和尊严。
最后,史诗中的正义和公平也给我留下了深刻的印象。
Beowulf 是一位正直和公正的战士,他总是站在正义的一方,为弱者挺身而出,维护正义和公平。
这让我想起了现实生活中的正义和公平,每个人都应该有正义感和公平心,不偏不倚地对待每个人,为社会的公平和正义贡献自己的力量。
总的来说,阅读《Beowulf》给我留下了深刻的印象,让我对古代英雄文化和史诗故事有了更深刻的理解和感悟。
Beowulf的勇气和无畏、友谊和忠诚、荣耀和尊严、正义和公平,都给我留下了深刻的印象,让我受益匪浅。
在古英语文学中有一首英雄诗
在古英语文学中有一首英雄诗《贝奥武夫》(Beowulf),完成于公元8世纪,约750年左右的英雄叙事长诗,长达3182行。
故事的舞台位于北欧的斯堪的纳维亚半岛。
是以古英语记载的传说中最古老的一篇,在语言学方面也是相当珍贵的文献。
诗中所描写的故事发生在5世纪晚期,在这段时间盎格鲁-撒克逊人已经开始向英格兰迁移并在此定居。
一千多年前,一位作家(或几位作家)写了一部史诗,讲述的是一个名叫贝奥武夫的战士必须打败一个邪恶的怪物(这个故事充满了权力斗争,大量的杀戮,是的,还有一条喷火的龙)。
这部著名的作品《贝奥武夫》(Beowulf)现在是古英语文学的支柱之一。
不清楚是谁写的这首诗;因为某些部分看起来并不连贯,一些学者认为某些章节有多位作者。
但一项新的研究发现了相反的证据。
4月8日发表在《自然人类行为》(Nature Human Behaviour)杂志上的一篇报道称,一组研究人员通过电脑分析文章中的风格标记,认为《贝奥武夫》很可能是仅由一个人写的。
研究小组使用了一种叫做“stylometry”的技术,这是一种分析文学“风格”的统计方法。
研究人员使用计算机程序分析了不同的风格指标,比如韵律,这类似于歌曲的节奏—由重读音节和非重读音节组成的一条线以及单词的选择和停顿的位置。
研究小组研究了基于“字母组合”的单词选择,比如计算字母“ab”和“ac”组合使用的次数。
根据一份关于这项研究的声明,这项分析还包括所谓的“功能停顿”,即句子之间、观点或从句之间的小停顿,也许承担了现代英语的标点符号作用。
“通过这部史诗中许多被标识的停顿,我们发现规律是一致的,”项目共同负责人哈佛大学博士后麦迪逊·克里格(Madison Krieger)在声明中说。
克里格说:“缺乏重大风格变化是同一人写作的证据。
”一些19世纪的学者将故事本身的某些变化解释为多位作者的证据。
例如,声明称,在贝奥武夫与怪兽格伦德尔相遇的整个故事,以及随后的战斗中,穿插着描述贝奥武夫游泳比赛和数百年前皇室斗争的章节。
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structure
section I
Hrothgar, king of the Danes
Heorot (The mead hall) Grendel, the monster Beowulf went to help Hrothgar. Beowulf tore off Grendel’s arm and shoulder… Grendel”s mother almost killed Beowulf. Beowulf finally succeeded. He is rewarded with many gifts.
Section II Beowulf ruled the country for about 50 years The Fire Dragon guarded the treasure A runaway slave stole the treasure The firedrake ruined many villages Beowulf went to fight with the Fire Dragon Beowulf fought against the Fire Dragon He was wounded and died
Wiglaf
A young kinsman and follower of Beowulf. Wiglaf helps Beowulf in the fight against the dragon after the other warriors run away. Wiglaf adheres to the heroic code, thereby proving himself a suitable successor to Beowulf.
The song of B e o w u lf
background
The
Roman Conquest (55B.C-410A.D) The Anglo-Saxon Conquest (449A.D1066A.D)
a) b)
The literature of Anglo-Saxon period: falls into two divisions. Pagan: in the form of oral sagas Christian: the writings developed under teaching of the monks. Nobody knows for certain when the poem was first composed. Beowulf is set in the pagan world of sixthcentury Scandinavia, but it also contains echoes of Christian tradition. The poem must have been passed down orally over many generations, and modified by each successive bard, until the existing copy was made at an unknown location in Anglo-Saxon England.
“Like most Old English poems, Beowulf has no title in the unique manuscript in which it survives ,which was copied round the year 1000 AD),.” It is a heroic epic poem consisting of 3182 long lines. It survives in a single manuscript known as the Nowell Codex. Its composition by an anonymous Anglo-Saxon poet “The name of the poet who assembled from tradition the materials of his story and put them in their final form is not known to us”. In 1731, the manuscript was badly damaged by a fire that swept through a building housing a collection of Medieval manuscripts assembled by Sir Robert Bruce Cotton. The poem fell into obscurity for decades, and its existence did not become widely known again until it was printed in 1815 in an edition prepared by the Icelandic-Danish scholar
Grendel
A
demon descended from Cain. Grendel preys on Hrothgar’s warriors in the king’s mead-hall, Heorot. Because Grendel’s ruthless and miserable existence is part of the retribution exacted by God for Cain’s murder of Abel, Grendel fits solidly within the ethos of vengeance that governs the world of the poem.
Significance of the song of Beowulf
The song of Beowulf is the first great literary work and is regarded today as the national epic of the Anglo-Saxons. It sings of the exciting adventures of a great legendary hero whose physical strength demonstrates his high spiritual qualities
Artistic features of Beowulf: 1)characterized with structural alliteration alliteration is the repetition of a particular sound in the first syllables of a series of words or phrases. eg:first and foremost 首先 saints and sinners 圣人与罪人 Of man was the mildest and most beloved. To his kin the kindest, keenest for praise.
Theme
a) b) c) d) e) f) g)
Goodness conquers evil. Actions (Beowulf's) speak louder than words (Unferth's). Judge the greatness of a human being by the greatness of his deeds and his noble ancestry. Help thy neighbor. Life is a continuing struggle. the heroic spirits and bravery of human. Consciousness of saulf, was an old English poem of 3,182 lines, told about how Hrothgar (Roger), king of the Danes, in his old age build his mead hall Herrot, the most splendid hall all over the world, near the sea, the place of his revelry where he and his thanes enjoyed listening to the songs of his gleemen, and how it was haunted by a fierce giant monster Grendel and how the Geatish hero Beowulf crossed the sea to fight and ill the monster. But the mother to Grendel comes the next night to avenge her son. The mother is also defeated by the “battle-brave” Beowulf and his men. For fifty years, Beowulf has been king of the Geats while one day a firedrake attacks his men. He battles the dragon and gets fatally wounded. He is buried under a great barrow, or mound.
King Hrothgar
The king of the Danes. Hrothgar enjoys military success and prosperity until Grendel comes to terrorize his realm. Hrothgar is a wise and aged ruler, and he represents a different kind of leadership from that exhibited by the youthful warrior Beowulf. He is a father figure to Beowulf and a model for the kind of king that Beowulf becomes.