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(3)go on doing sth 或go on with sth “继续做……”。例如: He went on working without having a rest. 他一直工作,没停下来休息过。 (4)go over “调查,视察;越过”。例 如: You must go over your lessons before the exam. 考试前你必须复习。
<6> come to oneself “苏醒,醒过来”。例如: At last, he came to himself. 最后他醒了。 <7> come from “来自”。例如: Julia comes from Australia. 朱莉娅来自澳大利亚。
(2)give sb a ride 意为“让某人 搭便车”。ride 在此为名词 “搭车,乘车” 的意思。get a ride 意为“搭便车”。例如: Can you give me a ride, Jack? 杰克,能让我搭个便车吗? I want to get a ride. 我想搭个便车。
与 come 有关的其他词组: <1> come out “出来;开花;出版如: The moon has come out. 月亮出来了。 It’s too cold for the flowers to come out. 天太冷了,花不开了。 <2> come about “发生,产生”如: Tell me how the accident came about. 告诉我事情是怎么发生的。
8.I only just made it to my class.我恰好 到教室。 make it 意为“成功了,做成了”。这里指 的是没有迟到,准时到达。 -Have you got the job? -你得到那份工作了吗? -Yes, I made it. -是的,我成功了。
9.Have you ever forgotten to bring your homework to school? 你曾忘了把作业带到学校吗? (1)辨析:forget to do 与forget doing forget to do 指的是“忘了去做……”, 即该事还未做;而 forget doing 则指 “忘了做了……”,即该事已经做完,如: Don’t forget to turn off lights when you go out. 出去时别忘了关灯。
<3> come across“(偶然)发现……,遇 见……”。例如: I came across his name on the list. 我无意中在名单上发现他的名字。 <4> come after “继……之后,接……而 来”。例如:
Sunday comes after Saturday 星期天在星期六之后。 <5> come back “回来”。 例如: When did he come back? 他什么时候回来的?
Words & Expressions
rush run off on time lock relative broke break down
冲;奔 跑掉;迅速离开 准时 锁;锁上 亲人;亲戚 break 的过去式 损坏;坏掉
go off
(铃)响
ran off 跑步离开 came by 路过 give sb. a ride 捎某人一程 make it 成功
3b Choose one to answer and tell us when and why. Have you ever overslept? Have you ever been late for school? Have you ever forgotten to bring your homework to school? Have you ever locked your keys in your house? Have you ever forgotten a relative’s birthday? Have you ever forgotten a doctor’s or dentist’s appointment?
7.Luckily, my friend Tony and his Dad came by in his Dad’s car and they gave me a ride. 幸运的是,我的朋友托尼和他爸爸坐着他爸 爸的车经过,他们让我搭了个便车。 (1)come by 意为“经过,走过;获得, 获有”。例如: Please let the car come by. 请让车过去。 Good jobs are not easy to come by. 好工作不容易找到。
如:lucky(幸运的)-unlucky(不幸 的),use(用)-useful(有用的), forget(忘记)-forgetful(健忘的), un作前缀表示“not”的含义,即“un” 是一个否定前缀。例如:fit(合适的) -unfit(不合适的),fair (公平的) -unfair(不公平的),known(闻名 的)-unknown(不闻名的)等。
6.Unfortunately, by the time I got there, the bus had already left. 不幸的是,我到那儿的时候,公交车已 经走了。 unfortunately 是副词“不幸地”,是由 fortunately加否定前缀“un”构成的。 英语中有一部分词在词首或词尾加上 前缀或后缀就可以变成另外一个词。
(2)wait 是不及物动词“等待,等候” 的意思。可以用于词组wait for sb.“等某人”,wait to do sth.“等 着做某事”,wait for sb. to do sth.“等某人做某事”。例如: Who are you waiting for? 你在等谁? They can’t wait to open the presents. 他们迫不及待地打开礼物。 You can wait for him to help you. 你可以等着他帮你。
It is raining, we have to stay at home. 天在下雨,我们不得不待在家里。 We must work hard. 我们必须努力工作。 Lucy doesn’t have to stand. 露茜不必站着。 You mustn’t play in the street. 你不能在街道上玩。
5.…and I had to wait for him to come out.……我不得不等他出来。 (1)have to 意为“必须,不得不”如: Do you have to take the test? 你必须考试吗? Tom has to practice speaking Chinese every day. 汤姆每天必须练习讲汉语。
I have been here since 1999. 自1999年以来我就在这儿。 We have lived in Jinan for 20 years. 我们已经在济南住了20年了。 She hasn’t worked for 2 years. 她已两年不工作了。
(2)be late for 意为“……迟到”,for 为介词,所以其后须跟名词。如: Don’t be late for the meeting. 开会别迟到了。 Jim was late for school again.吉姆上学 又迟到了。 Tom has been late for classes twice. 汤姆上课已经迟到两次了。 (3)close在此为副词“接近地,靠近 地”。此外came very close意为“到时 与迟到很接近”。
Write down your
unlucky story.
辨析:have to 与 must 这两个词都可以表示“必须”。have to 更加强调客观原因,而 must 则强调主观 原因;含有 have to 的句子在作句型转换 时须借助于助动词 do,does 或 did,而 must 本身是情态动词,进行句型转换时 可以直接通过must 改变。例如:
4.My alarm clock didn’t go off, … 闹钟没有大响…… go off 意为“爆发,大响”。例如Байду номын сангаас Although the alarm clock went off, he didn’t wake up.虽然闹钟大响, 但是他还是没有醒来。
与 go 有关的词组还有: (1)go in for “参加”(竞赛、考试); (作为嗜好、工作)“爱好”。例如: She goes in for bird-watching.她爱好 赏鸟。 (2)go on“进行,继续”。例如: Please go on.请继续。
Language Points
I’ve never been late for school, but yesterday I came very close. 我上学从未迟到过,但是昨天差一点 儿就迟到了。 (1)I’ve 是 I have 的缩写,have been late是现在完成时态,现在完成时是指 一个动作或状态开始于过去,持续到 现在,并可能继续下去,而且对现在 产生了一定的影响,其构成是have / has+动词过去分词。例如:
Sorry, I forgot to bring the books again. 对不起,我又忘了带书来了。 Lucy forgot locking the door. 露茜忘了已锁了门了。 Tom forgot turning off TV. 汤姆忘了关了电视了。
(2)辨析:bring, take bring 意为“把……拿来,取来”。即 把某物从别处拿到说话者所在地; take 意为“把……拿走,取走”,即 把某物从说话者所在地拿到别处。例 如: Please bring my English book here. 请把我的英语书拿到这儿来。 You can’t take these magazines home. 你不能把这些杂志拿回家。
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