初学者需要掌握的数据库设计词汇对照表
数据库设计词汇对照表
数据库设计词汇对照表1. Access method(访问方法):此步骤包括从文件中存储和检索记录。
2. Alias(别名):某属性的另一个名字。
在SQL中,可以用别名替换表名。
3. Alternate keys(备用键,ER/关系模型):在实体/表中没有被选为主健的候选键。
4. Anomalies(异常)参见更新异常(update anomalies)5. Application design(应用程序设计):数据库应用程序生命周期的一个阶段,包括设计用户界面以及使用和处理数据库的应用程序。
6. Attribute(属性)(关系模型):属性是关系中命名的列。
7. Attribute(属性)(ER模型):实体或关系中的一个性质。
8. Attribute inheritance(属性继承):子类成员可以拥有其特有的属性,并且继承那些与超类有关的属性的过程。
9. Base table(基本表):一个命名的表,其记录物理的存储在数据库中。
10. Binary relationship(二元关系):一个ER术语,用于描述两个实体间的关系。
例如,panch Has Staff。
11. Bottom-up approach(自底向上方法):用于数据库设计,一种设计方法学,他从标识每个设计组建开始,然后将这些组件聚合成一个大的单元。
在数据库设计中,可以从表示属性开始底层设计,然后将这些属性组合在一起构成代表实体和关系的表。
12. Business rules(业务规则):由用户或数据库的管理者指定的附加规则。
13. Candidate key(候选键,ER关系模型):仅包含唯一标识实体所必须得最小数量的属性/列的超键。
14. Cardinality(基数):描述每个参与实体的可能的关系数目。
15. Centralized approach(集中化方法,用于数据库设计):将每个用户试图的需求合并成新数据库应用程序的一个需求集合16. Chasm trap(深坑陷阱):假设实体间存在一根,但某些实体间不存在通路。
数据库术语表
Database术语表Access method :访问方法Alias:别名Alternate keys:备用键,ER/关系模型Anomalies:异常Application design:应用程序设计Application server:应用服务器Attribute:属性,关系模型Attribute:属性,ER模型Attribute inheritance:属性继承Base table:基本表Binary relationship:二元关系Bottom-up approach:自底向上方法Business rules:业务规则Candidate key:候选键,ER/关系模型Cardinality:基数Centralized approach:集中化方法,用于数据库设计Chasm trap:深坑陷阱Client:客户端Clustering field:群集字段Clustering index:群集索引Column:列,参见属性(attribute)Complex relationship:复杂关系Composite attribute:复合属性Composite key:复合键Concurrency control:并发控制Constraint:约束Data conversion and loading:数据转换和加载Data dictionary:数据字典Data independence:数据独立性Data model:数据模型Data redundancy:数据冗余Data security:数据安全Database:数据库Database design:数据库设计Database integrity:数据库完整性Database Management System:数据管理系统Database planning:数据库规划Database server数据库服务器DBMS engine:DBMS引擎DBMS selection:DBMS选择Degree of a relationship:关系的度Denormalization:反规范化Derived attribute:派生属性Design methodology:设计方法学Disjoint constraint:无连接约束Domain:域Entity:实体Entity integrity:实体完整性Entity occurrence:实体出现Entity-Relationship model:实体-关系模型Fact-finding:事实发现Fan trap:扇形陷阱Field:字段File:文件File-based system:基于文件的系统File organization:文件组织First Normal Form:1NF,第一范式Foreign key:外键4GL,Fourth-Generation Language:第四代语言Full functional dependency:完全函数依赖Functional dependency:函数依赖Generalization:泛化Generalization hierarchy:泛化层次结构Global data model:全局数据模型Implementation:实现Index:索引Information system:信息系统Inheritance:继承Integrity constraints:完整性约束IS-A hierarchy:层次结构local logical data model:局部逻辑数据模型Logical database design:逻辑数据库设计Meta-data:元数据Mission objective:使命目标Mission statement:使命语句Multiplicity:多样性Multi-valued attribute:多值属性Nonkey attribute/column:非键属性/列Normal forms:范式Normalization:规范化Null:空值Operational maintenance:操作维护Participation constraint:参与约束,EER模型Participation constraint:参与约束,ER模型Physical database design:物理数据库设计Primary index:主索引Primary key:主键,ER模型Primary key:主键,关系模型Privileges:权限Prototyping:原型Query-by-Example: QBE,一种用于关系型DBMS的非过程化的数据库语言RDBMS:关系型DBMSRecord:记录Recovery control:恢复控制recursive relationship:递归关系Redundant data:冗余数据Referential integrity:参照完整性Relation:关系Relational model:关系模型Relational database关系数据库Relation:关系Relationship occurrence:关系出现Requirements collection and analysis:需求收集与分析Row:行,同元组(topple)Second normal form:2NF,第二范式Secondary index:二级索引Security:安全Server:服务器Simple-valued attribute:单值属性Specialization:特化Specialization hierarchy:同类层次结构SQL Structured Query Language:结构化查询语言Strong entity:强实体Subclass:子类Superclass:超类Superkey:超键,ER模型Superkey:超键,关系模型system catalog:系统目录System definition:系统定义System security:系统安全Table:表Ternary relationship:三元关系Testing:测试Third normal form:3NF,第三范式3GL,Third-Generation Language:第三代语言,一种过程化语言,如COBOL,C,C++ Three-tier client-server architecture:三层客户端-服务器体系结构Top-down approach:自顶向下方法Transaction:事务Transaction Processing Monitor,TPM:事务处理监视器Transitive dependency:传递依赖Tuple:元组Tow-tier client-server architecture:两层客户端-服务器体系结构Type hierarchy:类型层次结构UML Unified Modeling Language:统一建模语言Update anomalies:更新异常User view:用户视图view:视图View integration approach:视图统合方法Weak entity:弱实体。
初学者需要掌握的数据库设计词汇对照表
数据库设计词汇对照表:1. Access method(访问方法):此步骤包括从文件中存储和检索记录。
2. Alias(别名):某属性的另一个名字。
在SQL中,可以用别名替换表名。
3. Alternate keys(备用键,ER/关系模型):在实体/表中没有被选为主健的候选键。
4. Anomalies(异常)参见更新异常(update anomalies)5. Application design(应用程序设计):数据库应用程序生命周期的一个阶段,包括设计用户界面以及使用和处理数据库的应用程序。
6. Attribute(属性)(关系模型):属性是关系中命名的列。
7. Attribute(属性)(ER模型):实体或关系中的一个性质。
8. Attribute inheritance(属性继承):子类成员可以拥有其特有的属性,并且继承那些与超类有关的属性的过程。
9. Base table(基本表):一个命名的表,其记录物理的存储在数据库中。
10. Binary relationship(二元关系):一个ER术语,用于描述两个实体间的关系。
例如,panch Has Staff。
11. Bottom-up approach(自底向上方法):用于数据库设计,一种设计方法学,他从标识每个设计组建开始,然后将这些组件聚合成一个大的单元。
在数据库设计中,可以从表示属性开始底层设计,然后将这些属性组合在一起构成代表实体和关系的表。
12. Business rules(业务规则):由用户或数据库的管理者指定的附加规则。
13. Candidate key(候选键,ER关系模型):仅包含唯一标识实体所必须得最小数量的属性/列的超键。
14. Cardinality(基数):描述每个参与实体的可能的关系数目。
15. Centralized approach(集中化方法,用于数据库设计):将每个用户试图的需求合并成新数据库应用程序的一个需求集合16. Chasm trap(深坑陷阱):假设实体间存在一根,但某些实体间不存在通路。
数据库详细设计术语与缩写解释
数据库详细设计术语与缩写解释数据库详细设计术语与缩写解释1. 数据库(Database):数据库是一个有组织的、可共享的、持久的、动态的数据集合,用于存储和管理数据。
2. DBMS(Database Management System):数据库管理系统是一种软件,用于管理数据库的创建、维护、访问和操作。
3. ER模型(Entity-Relationship Model):实体-关系模型是一种用于描述现实世界中实体、属性和关系之间关系的概念模型。
4. 数据模型(Data Model):数据模型是对现实世界中数据的抽象描述,用于定义数据的结构、约束和操作。
5. 关系型数据库(Relational Database):关系型数据库是基于关系模型的数据库,使用表格(关系)来组织和存储数据。
6. 表(Table):表是关系型数据库中的基本组织单位,由行和列组成,用于存储实体的属性。
7. 列(Column):列是表中的一个属性,用于描述实体的某个特征。
8. 行(Row):行是表中的一个记录,包含了实体的具体数据。
9. 主键(Primary Key):主键是表中用于唯一标识每个记录的一列或一组列,用于确保数据的唯一性和完整性。
10. 外键(Foreign Key):外键是表中的一列,用于建立表与表之间的关系,指向另一个表的主键。
11. 索引(Index):索引是一种数据结构,用于提高数据库查询的性能,通过创建索引可以快速定位和访问数据。
12. 视图(View):视图是一个虚拟表,由一个或多个表的数据组成,可以根据需要定义和查询,简化复杂的查询操作。
13. 触发器(Trigger):触发器是一种特殊的存储过程,与表相关联,当满足特定条件时自动执行。
14. 存储过程(Stored Procedure):存储过程是一组预定义的SQL语句,存储在数据库中,可以被多次调用和重复使用。
15. 事务(Transaction):事务是数据库操作的一个逻辑单位,由一组操作组成,要么全部执行成功,要么全部回滚。
数据仓库专业术语表
数据仓库专业术语表AAccess PathThe path chosen by a database management system to retrieve the requested data.Access ProviderA company which provides its customers a service whereby they can access theInternet.The user normally connects to the access provid er’s computer viaa modem using a dial up connection.Active AttackA persistent security assault by someone trying to gain restricted accessby altering data.There are multiple techniques,decryption for example,which can be used to lead the attack.Active Server Pages (ASP)Active server pages are a set of software components that run on a Web server and allow Web developers to build dynamic Web pages.Activity-Based Costing (ABC)Activity-based costing (ABC) is an information system that maintains and processes data on a firm's activities and products.It identifies the activities performed,traces cost to these activities,and then uses various cost drivers to trace the cost of activities to products.Activity-Based Management (ABM)Activity-based management(ABM) is the use of the activity-based costing tool by process owners to control and improve their operations.Because process analysis is conducted in the building of an activity-based cost model,management knows its business much better and can consequently evaluate value-added and non-value-added activities.Because a certain volume of work produces a certain outcome,"What if"analysis can be conducted to determine what resources are required of operations are scaled back or expanded.Ad ClicksAlso called clickthroughs.The number of times a user "clicks" on an online ad,often measured as a function of time("ad clicks per day").Ad Hoc QueryAny query that cannot be determined prior to the moment the query is issued.A query that consists of dynamically constructed SQL,which is usuallyconstructed by desktop-resident query tools.Ad Hoc Query ToolAn end-user tool that accepts an English-like or point-and-click request for data and constructs an ad-hoc query to retrieve the desired result.Administrative DataIn a data warehouse,the data that helps a warehouse administrator manage the warehouse.Examples of administrative data are user profiles and order history data.Aggregate DataData that is the result of applying a process to combine data elements.Data that is taken collectively or in summary form.AggregatorThis is an e-commerce business model in which the Web site sells products or services which it does not produce or warehouse.An aggregator creates an environment where multiple providers (sellers) must compete on terms determined by the use.AlertsA notification from an event that has exceeded a pre-defined threshold.AnalystSomeone who creates views for analytic interpretation of data,performs calculations and distributes the resulting information in the form of reports.Analytic ApplicationsPackaged software that meets three distinct conditions:process support,separation of function and time-oriented,integrated data.Analytic applications expand the reach of business intelligence to an extended user base,packaging these technologies in a business context.AnalyticsThe process and techniques for the exploration and analysis of business data to discover and identify new and meaningful information and trends that allow for analysis to take place.AppletA small Java program that can be embedded in an HTML page.They cannot accesscertain resources on local computers such as files and serial devices and are prohibited from communication with most other computers across a network.Application Service Provider (ASP)ASPs provide the infrastructure needed to deliver reliable application access,including enterprise applications,hardware platforms,operating systems,database systems,network hardware as well as the technical expertise to make it all work for a monthly service charge.ASCIIAmerican Standard Code for Information Interchange.An eight-bit code for character representation,includes seven bits plus parity.ASPApplication Service Provider.A company that offers access over the Internet to application programs and related services that would otherwise have to be located in other own personal or enterprise computers.Atomic DataData elements that represent the lowest level of detail.For example,in a daily sales report,the individual items sold would be atomic data,while rollups such as invoice and summary totals from invoices are aggregate data.AttributeA field represented by a column within an object (entity).An object may bea table,view or report.An attribute is also associated with an SGML(HTML)tag used to further define the usage.Authorization RequestA request initiated by a consumer to access data for which the consumer doesnot presently have access privileges.Authorization RulesCriteria used to determine whether or not an individual,group,or application may access reference data or a process.AvailabilityUser access to applications and/or data stores that reside and execute on computing systems accessing information that resides in files and databases suppo rted by an organization’s various operating environments.BB2BBusiness-to-business commerce conducted over the Web.B2CBusiness-to-consumer commerce conducted over the Internet.It links consumers to commercial entities in one-way networks.Balanced ScorecardA comprehensive,top-down view of organizational performance with a strongfocus on vision and strategy.In 1992 the founding fathers of the Balanced Scorecard,Drs.Robert Kaplan and David Norton,debuted their methodology in the Harvard Business Review.Then,in 1996,they released The BalancedScorecard Translating Strategy into Action,the so-called bible of the Balanced Scorecard.Balanced Scorecard CollaborativeA professional services firm dedicated to the worldwideawareness,use,enhancement and integrity of the balanced scorecard as a value-added management process.Balanced Scorecard Collaborative CertificationAn industry-standard certification offered to software providers whose balanced scorecard applications meet the functional standards of Kaplan and Norton.These are applications that will enable end users to achieve the benefits of the balanced scorecard management process.Baldrige Criteria for Performance ExcellenceCriteria providing a systems perspective for understanding performance management.They reflect validated, leading management practices against which an organization can measure itself.With their acceptance nationally and internationally as the model for performance excellence,the criteria represent a common language for communication among organizations for sharing best practices.BannerA picture or graphic that stretches horizontally across a Web page.These canbe used to title the Web page,start or separate different sections,create links to other Web pages,or provide a place for advertisements.Banner AdvertisingA marketing mechanism that contains strips of advertisements that aresporadically positioned on a web page and are extremely popular on the World Wide Web.These types of ads generally take up a considerable amount of bandwidth and are sometimes disturbing to the Web user.Base TablesThe normalized data structures maintained in the target warehousing database.Also known as the detail data.Basel II New Accord (Basel 2,New Accord)This is a set of banking standards,which will regulate finance and banking for countries in the European Union.The Basel Committee on Banking Supervision is tasked with the goal to complete the New Accord by mid-year 2004,with implementation to take effect in member countries by year-end 2006.To that end,work already has begun in a number of countries on draft rules that would integrate Basel capital standards with national capital regimes.Basel II is focused specifically on global banks and financial institutions and ensures liquidity of those institutions for the protection of public trust.BenchmarkingA point of reference for measurement.Benefit SegmentationThe process of grouping customers into market segments according to the benefits they seek from the product.Refers to their needs and wants only.Best PracticesA case study considered to be a good example of a business discipline.Bidirectional ExtractsThe ability to extract,cleanse and transfer data in two directions among different types of databases,including hierarchical,networked and relational databases.Braking MechanismA software mechanism that prevents users from querying the operationaldatabase once transaction loads reach a certain level.Bricks and MortarRefers to businesses that exist in the real world as opposed to just the cyber world such as bricks-and-mortar retail outlets,bricks-and-mortar warehouses,etc.BrowserThe generic term for software programs that retrieve,display and print information World Wide Web.The most popular browsers are Microsoft Internet Explorer,Netscape Navigator and Mosaic.Mosaic was the first browser to introduce graphics.Previously,users were only allowed to view the text of Web pages.Currently,Microsoft Outlook is the most popular browser in the world.Bulk Data TransferA software-based mechanism designed to move large data files.It supportscompression,blocking and buffering to optimize transfer times.Business Activity Monitoring (BAM)BAM is a business solution that is supported by an advanced technical infrastructure that enables rapid insight into new business strategies,the reduction of operating cost by real-time identification of issues and improved process performance.Business ArchitectureOne of the four layers of an information systems architecture.A business architecture describes the functions a business performs and the information it uses.Business ContinuityThe degree to which an organization may achieve uninterrupted stability of systems and operational procedures.Business DataInformation about people,places,things,business rules,and events,which is used to operate the business.It is not metadata.(Metadata defines and describes business data.)Business DriversThe people,information,and tasks that support the fulfillment of a business objective.Business Intelligence (BI)Business intelligence is actually an environment in which business users receive data that is reliable,consistent,understandable,easily manipulated and timely.With this data,business users are able to conduct analyses thatyield overall understanding of where the business has been,where it is now and where it will be in the near future.Business intelligence serves two main purposes.It monitors the financial and operational health of the organization(reports,alerts,alarms,analysis tools,key performance indicators and dashboards).It also regulates the operation of the organization providing two-way integration with operational systems and information feedback analysis.Business Intelligence PlatformA foundation of enabling tools and technologies necessary for the developmentand deployment of business intelligence and business performance management applications.Business Intelligence Service Provider (BISP)A natural extension of the ASP,application of data warehousing and businessintelligence (BI) methodologies and technologies to the ASP model.BISPs tie into information systems behind a corporation's firewall,providing traditional data warehouse and analytic application capabilities for Internet-based e-businesses,especially e-commerce Web sites and are hosted off site.Business Intelligence SoftwareA category of software that enables companies to access,analyze and shareinformation to understand how the business is performing and to improve decision making.Business Intelligence ToolsThe tools and technologies used to access and analyze business information.They include online analytical processing(OLAP) technologies,data miningand advanced analytics;end-user tools for ad hoc query and analysis,enterprise class query,analysis and reporting including dashboards for performance monitoring;and production reporting against all enterprise data sources.Business ModelA view of the business at any given point in time.The view can be from aprocess,data,event or resource perspective,and can be the past,present or future state of the business.Business Performance Calibration (BPC)The continuous,near real-time forecasting and analysis of related performance metrics to achieve balanced performance,i.e.,efficient growth and the optimal management of resources.Business Performance Intelligence (BPI)A subset of the BI market and involves planning and budgeting,BalancedScorecard performance management and activity-based costing.Business Performance Management (BPM)Applications that help direct modeling or scenario exploration activities.Rather than simply exploring what happened and why,the application can help the user consider the implications of alternative courses of action before they become operational.Performance management suggests an explicit relationship to action,and modeling is the key link to do this.Business Performance MeasurementApplications that provide support for specific KPIs(key performance indicators) enable a business to measure their performance.This is often coupled with comparative information from industry sources,so a company can compare their performance against that of others in their industry.Business performance measurement applications support the analysis phase of the business improvement cycle.Business TransactionA unit of work acted upon by a data capture system to create,modify,or deletebusiness data.Each transaction represents a single valued fact describinga single business event.CC-Commerce (Collaborative-Commerce)A business strategy that motivates value-chain partners with a commonbusiness interest to generate value through sharing information at all phases of the business cycle (from product development to distribution).C2BThe financial interaction,initiated by a consumer,between a consumer and business.CachePronounced "cash". The storage of recently visited sites and data which can be accessed from computer memory instead of linking the server each time you return to the site.This speeds the access time, but does not reflect any changes to the site while in the cache.On rapidly changing sites you may needto click the reload button in order to read the most recent changes.Call CenterThe part of an organization that handles inbound/outbound communications with customers.Campaign ManagementDetailed tracking, reporting and analysis that provides precise measurements regarding current marketing campaigns,how they are performing and the types of leads they attract.Cartesian productA Cartesian join will get you a Cartesian product.A Cartesian join is whenyou join every row of one table to every row of another table.You can also get one by joining every row of a table to every row of itself.Cascading Style Sheet (CSS)Cascading style sheets is a style sheet language that enables authors and users to attach style(fonts,spacing and aural cues) to structure that include HTML and XML applications.CASEComputer Aided Software Engineering.CASE ManagementThe management of information between multiple CASE encyclopedias," whether the same or different CASE tools.CatalogA component of a data dictionary that contains a directory of its DBMS objectsas well as attributes of each object.CellData point defined by one member of each dimension of a multidimensional structure.Often,potential cells in multidimensional structures are empty,leading to "sparse" storage.Central WarehouseA database created from operational extracts that adheres to asingle,consistent,enterprise data model to ensure consistency of decision-support data across the corporation.A style of computing where all the information systems are located and managed from a single physical location.Change Data CaptureThe process of capturing changes made to a production data source.Change data capture is typically performed by reading the source DBMS log.It consolidates units of work,ensures data is synchronized with the original source,and reduces data volume in a data warehousing environment.ChurnDescribes customer attrition.A high churn rate implies high customer disloyalty.Classic Data Warehouse DevelopmentThe process of building an enterprise business model,creating a system datamodel,defining and designing a data warehouse architecture,constructing the physical database,and lastly populating the warehouses database.Clicks and MortarA business that has successfully integrated its online existence with itsoffline,real-world existence.For example,a retail store that allows customers to order products online or purchase products at its store location.ClickthroughThe percentage of advertisements or other content a user clicks on or chooses to view.ClientA software program used to contact and obtain data from a server softwareprogram on another computer.Each client program is designed to work with one or more specific kinds of server programs, and each server requires a specific kid of client.Client/ServerA distributed technology approach where the processing is divided by function.The server performs shared functions——managing communications,providing database services,etc.The client performs individual user functions——providing customized interfaces,performing screen to screen navigation,offering help functions,etc.Client/Server ArchitectureA networked environment where a smaller system such as a PC interacts witha larger,faster system.This allows the processing to be performed on thelarger system which frees the user's PC.The larger system is able to connect and disconnect from the clients in order to more efficiently process the data.Client/Server ProcessingA form of cooperative processing in which the end-user interaction is througha programmable workstation (desktop) that must execute some part of theapplication logic over and above display formatting and terminal emulation.CollectionA set of data that resulted from a DBMS query.COM+Provides an enterprise development environment,based on the Microsoft component object model (COM),for creating component-based,distributed applications.Common Object Model (COM)Common object model is an object-based programming specification,designed to provide object interoperability through sets of predefined routines called interfaces.Common Object Request Broker Architecture (CORBA)Common object request broker architecture is the Object Management Group(OMG) vendor-independent architecture and infrastructure,which computer applications use to work together over networks.Communications IntegrityAn operational quality that ensures transmitted data has been accurately received at its destination.ConsolidationThe process that takes data from different systems and entities,and possibly desperate formats,and combines and aggregates that information to create a unified view.ConsumerAn individual,group or application that accesses data/information in a data warehouse.Consumer ProfileIdentification of an individual,group or application and a profile of the data they request and use:the kinds of warehouse data, physical relational tables needed,and the required location and frequency of the data (when,where,and in what form it is to be delivered).Content ManagementThe processes and workflows involved in organizing,categorizing,and structuring information resources so that they can be stored,published,and reused in multiple ways.A content management system(CMS) is used to collect,manage and publish content,storing the content either as components or whole documents,while maintaining the links between components.It may also provides for content revision control.Continuous AvailabilityA protocol,associated execution and ready state of functionality thatvirtually guarantees computing-system operational continuity in any downtime event.Continuous availability concerns itself with 1) the recovery of applications,data and data transactions committed up to the moment of system loss;and 2) seamless,24x7 system availability that offsets any planned or unplanned downtime event.Control DataData that guides a process. For example,indicators,flags,counters and parameters.CookiesCookies are text files that are stored at the client's hard drive.When a browser requests a document,the web server creates a fragment of data,which is sent to the browser and stored at the client's computer.Afterward,when the browser solicits another document,the cookie is sent with the request.Cookies are very similar to the caller id boxes that have become so popular in that they provide telemarketers with such relevant information as:the consumers name,address,and previous purchase payment record.Cooperative ProcessingA style of computer application processing in which thepresentation,business logic,and data management are split among two or more software services that operate on one or more computers.In cooperative processing,individual software programs (services) perform specific functions that are invoked by means of parameterized messages exchanged between them.Copy ManagementThe analysis of the business benefit realized by the cost of expenditure on some resource,tool,or application development.Corporate Performance ManagementAn umbrella term used to describe the methodologies, metrics,processes and systems used to monitor and manage the business performance of an enterprise.Cost Benefit AnalysisThe analysis of the business benefit realized by the cost of expenditure on some resource,tool,or application development.Critical Success FactorsKey areas of activity in which favorable results are necessary for a company to reach its goal.CRMCustomer Relationship Management.CrosstabA process or function that combines and/or summarizes data from one or moresources into a concise format for analysis or reporting.CubeA data cube is a multidimensional structure that contains an aggregate valueat each point,i.e.,the result of applying an aggregate function to an underlying relation.Data cubes are used to implement online analytical processing (OLAP).Currency DateThe date the data is considered effective.It is also known as the "as of"date or temporal currency.Customer Relationship ManagementThe idea of establishing relationships with customers on an individual basis,then using that information to treat different customers differently.Customer buying profiles and churn analysis are examples of decision support activities that can affect the success of customer relationships.Cyber marketingThis term refers to any type of Internet-based promotion.This includes Web sites, targeted e-mail,Internet bulletin boards, sites where customers can dial-in and download files,and sites that engage in internet commerce by offering products for sell over the Internet.The term doesn't have a strict meaning,though,and many marketing managers use it to cover any computer-based marketing tools.DDashboardAn application or custom user interface that organizes and presents information in a way that is easy to read.The information may be integrated from multiple components into a unified display.A dashboard helps monitor individual,business unit and organizational performance and processes fora greater understanding of the business.DataItems representing facts,text,graphics,bit-mapped images,sound,analog or digital live-video segments.Data is the raw material of a system supplied by data producers and is used by information consumers to create information.Data Access ToolsAn end-user oriented tool that allows users to build SQL queries by pointing and clicking on a list of tables and fields in the data warehouse.Data AcquisitionIdentification,selection and mapping of source data to target data.Detection of source data changes,data extraction techniques,timing of data extracts,data transformation techniques,frequency of database loads and levels of data summary are among the difficult data acquisition challenges.Data Analysis and Presentation ToolsSoftware that provides a logical view of data in a warehouse.Some create simple aliases for table and column names;others create data that identify the contents and location of data in the warehouse.Data ApplianceA combination of hardware,software,DBMSs and storage,all under oneumbrella.A black box that yields high performance in both speed and storage, making the BI environment simpler and more useful to the users.Data ConsumerAn individual,group,or application that receives data in the form of a collection.The data is used for query,analysis,and reporting.Data CustodianThe individual assigned the responsibility of operating systems, data centers, data warehouses, operational databases, and business operations in conformance with the policies and practices prescribed by the data owner.Data DictionaryA database about data and database structures. A catalog of all data elements,containing their names, structures, and information about their usage. A central location for metadata. Normally, data dictionaries are designed to store a limited set of available metadata, concentrating on the information relating to the data elements, databases, files and programs of implemented systems.Data DirectoryA collection of definitions, rules and advisories of data, designed to beused as a guide or reference with the data warehouse. The directory includes definitions, examples, relations, functions and equivalents in other environments.Data ElementThe most elementary unit of data that can be identified and described in a dictionary or repository which cannot be subdivided.Data Extraction SoftwareSoftware that reads one or more sources of data and creates a new image of the data.Data Flow DiagramA diagram that shows the normal flow of data between services as well as theflow of data between data stores and services.Data IntegrationPulling together and reconciling dispersed data for analytic purposes that organizations have maintained in multiple, heterogeneous systems. Data needs to be accessed and extracted, moved and loaded, validated and cleaned, and standardized and transformed.Data LoadingThe process of populating the data warehouse. Data loading is provided by DBMS-specific load processes, DBMS insert processes, and independent fastload processes.Data ManagementControlling, protecting, and facilitating access to data in order to provide information consumers with timely access to the data they need. The functions provided by a database management system.Data Management SoftwareSoftware that converts data into a unified format by taking derived data to create new fields, merging files, summarizing and filtering data; the process of reading data from operational systems. Data Management Software is also known as data extraction software.Data MappingThe process of assigning a source data element to a target data element.。
数据结构基本英语词汇大全
数据结构基本英语词汇大全以下是一些常见的数据结构基本英语词汇:1. Data structure - 数据结构2. Array - 数组3. Linked list - 链表4. Stack - 栈5. Queue - 队列6. Tree - 树7. Binary tree - 二叉树8. Binary search tree - 二叉树9. AVL tree - 平衡二叉树10. Heap - 堆11. Graph - 图12. Hash table - 哈希表13. Set - 集合14. Bag/Stack - 背包/堆栈15. Priority queue - 优先队列16. Graph traversal - 图遍历17. Depth-first search (DFS) - 深度优先18. Breadth-first search (BFS) - 广度优先19. Sorting algorithm - 排序算法20. Bubble sort - 冒泡排序21. Insertion sort - 插入排序22. Selection sort - 选择排序23. Merge sort - 归并排序24. Quick sort - 快速排序25. Hashing - 哈希算法26. Search algorithm - 算法27. Linear search - 线性28. Binary search - 二分29. Graph algorithms - 图算法30. Dijkstra's algorithm - 迪杰斯特拉算法31. Prim's algorithm - 普里姆算法32. Kruskal's algorithm - 克鲁斯克尔算法33. Depth-first search (DFS) - 深度优先34. Breadth-first search (BFS) - 广度优先35. Dynamic programming - 动态规划。
数据库术语
数据库术语
1. 数据库(Database):具有一定结构,可按照一定的方式描述,并存储在计算机中的有组织的数据集合。
2. 数据库管理系统(Database Management System,DBMS):管理、访问和操作数据库的软件系统,是介于用户和数据库之间的接口程序。
3. 表(Table):一种数据存储结构,由若干行和若干列组成。
每一列包含某一类数据,每一行描述一个实例。
4. 列(Column):表的纵向结构,用于存储同一类数据。
5. 行(Row):表的横向结构,用于描述同一实例的数据。
6. 主键(Primary Key):唯一标识每个表中的行,确保每个实例的数据是唯一的,通常是一个或多个列。
7. 外键(Foreign Key):一列或一组列,用来描述一个表与另一个表之间的联系。
8. 索引(Index):一种数据结构,可加快数据检索的速度。
9. 视图(View):一种虚拟表,不存储实际数据,是基于一个或多个表的查询结果组成的。
10. 存储过程(Stored Procedure):一段经过编写、编译、并存储在数据库中的SQL代码,可被多次调用,用于简化复杂的数据操作。
11. 事务(Transaction):一组数据库操作,逻辑上是一个整体,要么全部执行,要么全部不执行。
12. 触发器(Trigger):在数据库发生某些事件时自动执行的一段SQL代码。
常用于数据约束和数据管理。
数据库中常用的英文单词
数据库中常用的英文单词第一篇:数据库中常用的英文单词数据库中常用的英文单词2010-06-30 16:20:05 阅读17 评论0字号:大中小订阅下列是一些数据库中经常碰到的英文单词:Access method(访问方法):此步骤包括从文件中存储和检索记录。
Alias(别名):某属性的另一个名字。
在SQL中,可以用别名替换表名。
Alternate keys(备用键,ER/关系模型):在实体/表中没有被选为主健的候选键。
Anomalies(异常)参见更新异常(update anomalies)Application design(应用程序设计):数据库应用程序生命周期的一个阶段,包括设计用户界面以及使用和处理数据库的应用程序。
Attribute(属性)(关系模型):属性是关系中命名的列。
Attribute(属性)(ER模型):实体或关系中的一个性质。
Attribute inheritance(属性继承):子类成员可以拥有其特有的属性,并且继承那些与超类有关的属性的过程。
Base table(基本表):一个命名的表,其记录物理的存储在数据库中。
Binary relationship(二元关系):一个ER术语,用于描述两个实体间的关系。
例如,panch Has Staff。
Bottom-up approach(自底向上方法):用于数据库设计,一种设计方法学,他从标识每个设计组建开始,然后将这些组件聚合成一个大的单元。
在数据库设计中,可以从表示属性开始底层设计,然后将这些属性组合在一起构成代表实体和关系的表。
Business rules(业务规则):由用户或数据库的管理者指定的附加规则。
Candidate key(候选键,ER关系模型):仅包含唯一标识实体所必须得最小数量的属性/列的超键。
Cardinality(基数):描述每个参与实体的可能的关系数目。
Centralized approach(集中化方法,用于数据库设计):将每个用户试图的需求合并成新数据库应用程序的一个需求集合Chasm trap (深坑陷阱):假设实体间存在一根,但某些实体间不存在通路。
数据库系统的一些专用词汇表(专业)
数据库系统的一些专用词汇表(专业)·数据(Data):反映客观世界的事实,并可以区分其特征的符号:字符、数字、文本、声音、图形、图像、图表、图片等,它们是现实世界中客观存在的,可以输入到计算机中进行存储和管理的。
·信息(Information):由原始数据经加工提炼而成的、用于决定行为、计划或具有一定语义的数据称为信息。
·数据库DB(Data Base):是现实世界中相互关联的大量数据及数据间关系的集合。
·数据库管理系统DBMS(Data Base Management System):是对数据库中的数据进行存储和管理的软件系统。
包括存储、管理、检索和控制数据库中数据的各种语言和工具,是一套系统软件。
·数据库系统DBS(Data Base System):是对数据库和数据库管理系统的总称。
是指相互关联的数据集合与操纵数据的软件工具集合。
DBS = DB+DBMS·数据库应用程序接口API(Application Programming Interface):是由DBMS为开发应用程序提供的操纵和访问数据库中数据的接口函数、过程或语言。
·数据库应用程序AP(Application Program):满足某类用户要求的操纵和访问数据库的程序。
·数据仓库(Data Warehouse)一个数据仓库就是一个自带数据库的商业应用系统。
利用现有的数据资源,把数据转换为信息,从中挖掘出知识,提炼成智慧,创造出效益。
·数据发掘(Data Mining)数据发掘可帮助商业用户处理大量存在的数据,以期发现一些"意外的关系",以便增加市场份额和利润。
·信息发掘(Information Mining):信息发掘是指在文档、地图、照片、声音和影像之汪洋大海中发现相关信息,即面向内容的检索。
·数据模式(Data Model):在数据库中,对数据(实体)的描述称为数据库模式。
常用数据库词汇英汉对照
常用数据库词汇英汉对照abort 中断,中止access 访问account 账户action 操作active process 活动进程active statement 活动语句active voice 主动语态ActiveX Data Objects(ADO) ActiveX 数据对象ad hoc connector name 特殊连接器名称add-in 加载项adjective phrasing 形容词句式adverb 副词aggregate function 聚合函数aggregate query 聚合查询aggregation 聚合aggregation prefix 聚合前缀aggregation wrapper 聚合包装alert 警报alert log file 告警日志文件alias 别名aliasing 命名别名American National Standards Institute (ANSI) 美国国家标准学会 (ANSI) analysis server 分析服务器ancestor 祖先annotational property 批注属性anonymous subscription 匿名订阅ANSI:American National Standards Institute美国国家标准学会ANSIAPI:Application Program Interface【电脑】应用程序界面, 应用程序接口API server cursor API 服务器游标application role 应用程序角色archive 把……存档archive file 存档文件argument 参数article 项目atomic 原子的attribute 特性authentication 身份验证authorization 授权automatic recovery 自动恢复autonomy 独立axis 轴background process 后台处理,后台进程background trace file 后台跟踪文件backup 备份backup device 备份设备backup file 备份文件backup media 备份媒体backup set 备份集balanced hierarchy 均衡层次结构base data type 基本数据类型base table 基表batch 批处理batch process 批次处理BCP files BCP文件BCP utility BCP实用工具bigint data type bigint数据类型binary data type binary 数据类型binary large object 二进制大对象binding 绑定bit data type bit 数据类型bitwise operation 按位运算BLOB: binary large object二进制大对象,是一个可以存储二进制文件的容器block 块、区块、语句块Boolean 布尔型browse mode 浏览模式buffer cache 缓冲区built-in functions 内置函数business rules 业务规则cache aging 高速缓存老化数据清除calculated column 计算列calculated field 计算字段calculated member 计算所得成员calculation condition 计算条件calculation formula 计算公式calculation pass 计算传递calculation subcube 计算子多维数据集call-level interface (CLI)调用级接口(CLI)candidate key 候选键capacity plan容量图cascading delete 级联删除cascading update 级联更新case 事例case key 事例键case set 事例集cell 单元cellset 单元集certificate 证书change script 更改脚本changing dimension 可更改维度char data type char 数据类型character format 字符格式character set 字符集CHECK constraints CHECK约束checkpoint 检查点child 子代classification 分类clause 子句CLI: call-level interface 调用级接口client客户端client application 客户端应用程序client cursor 客户端游标clustered index 聚集索引clustering 聚集code page 代码页collation 排序规则column 列column filter 列筛选column-level collation 列级排序规则column-level constraint 列级约束command relationship 命令关系commit 提交comparative form 比较级component-based基于构件的component object model (COM)组件对象模型 (COM)composite index 组合索引composite key 组合键computed column 计算列COM-structured storage file COM结构化存储文件concatenation 串联concurrency 并发configuration options 配置选项conjunction 连词connection 连接connection pooling 连接池constant 常量constraint 约束continuation media 延续媒体control-break report 控制中断报表control-of-flow language 控制流语言correlated subquery 相关子查询CPU: Central Processing Unit中央处理器crosstab query 交叉表查询cube 多维数据集cube file 多维数据集文件cube role 多维数据集角色cursor 游标cursor data type cursor 数据类型cursor library 游标库custom rollup 自定义汇总custom rule 自定义规则data block 数据块data connection 数据连接data control language (DCL)数据控制语言 (DCL)data courier 数据快递data definition 数据定义data definition language (DDL)数据定义语言 (DDL)data dictionary 数据字典data dictionary view 数据字典视图data explosion 数据爆炸data file 数据文件data integrity 数据完整性data lineage 数据沿袭data manipulation language (DML)数据操作语言 (DML)data mart 数据集市data member 数据成员data modification 数据修改data pump 数据抽取data scrubbing 数据清理data source 数据源data source name (DSN) 数据源名称 (DSN) data type 数据类型data warehouse 数据仓库database 数据库database catalog 数据库目录database console 数据库控制台database credential 数据库证书database diagram 数据关系图database file 数据库文件database language 数据库语言database object 数据库对象database owner 数据库所有者database performance数据库性能database project 数据库工程database role 数据库角色database schema 数据库架构database script 数据库脚本data-definition query 数据定义查询dataset 数据集DateTime data type DateTime 数据类型DBA:database administrator 数据库管理员DBCS:double-byte character set(DBCS)双字节字符集(DBCS)deadlock 死锁decimal data type decimal 数据类型decision support 决策支持decision tree 决策树declarative referential integrity (DRI) 声明引用完整性 (DRI)dedicated server 专属服务器default 系统默认值,系统缺省值,默认值default constraint 默认约束default database 默认数据库default instance 默认实例default language 默认语言default member 默认成员default result set 默认结果集delete query 删除查询delimiter 分隔符demonstration示范denormalize 使非规范化density 密度deny 拒绝dependencies 相关性descendant 后代destination object 目的对象device 设备diagnostic file 诊断文件dictionary entry 字典条目differential database backup差异数据库备份dimension 维度dimension hierarchy 维度层次结构dimension table 维度表direct connect 直接连接direct object 直接对象direct response mode 直接响应模式dirty pages 脏页dirty read 脏读disable 使无效dispatcher progress 调度程序distribute 分发distributed query 分布式查询distribution CD 发行CDdistribution database 分发数据库distribution retention period分发保持期distributor 分发服务器domain 域domain integrity 域完整性drill down/drill up 深化/浅化drill through 钻取DSN-less connection 无DSN连接DTS package DTS包DTS package template DTS包模板dump 转储dump file 转储文件dynamic 动态的dynamic cursor 动态游标dynamic filter 动态筛选dynamic locking 动态锁定dynamic recovery 动态恢复dynamic snapshot 动态快照dynamic SQL statements 动态SQL语句enable 使有效encrypted trigger 加密触发器encryption 加密entity 实体entity integrity 实体完整性enroll 登记enumeration 枚举environment variable 环境变量equijoin 同等联接error log 错误日志error state number 错误状态号escape character 转义符exclusive lock 排它锁execute 执行explicit transaction 显式事务expression 表达式extended stored procedure 扩展存储过程extent 扩展failover 失效备援fact 事实fact table 事实数据表Federal Information Processing Standard (FIPS) 联邦信息处理标准 (FIPS)fetch 提取field 字段field length 字段长度field terminator 字段终止符file 文件file storage type 文件存储类型filegroup 文件组fill factor 填充因子filter 筛选filtering 筛选firehose cursor 流水游标fixed database role 固定数据库角色fixed server role 固定服务器角色flash recovery area 快速恢复区flattened interface 平展界面flattened rowset 平展行集float data type float 数据类型foreign key (FK) 外键 (FK)foreign table 外表forward-only cursor 只进游标fragmentation 碎片full outer join 完整外部联接full-text catalog 全文目录full-text enabling 全文启用full-text index 全文索引full-text query 全文查询full-text service 全文服务function 函数global default 全局默认值global properties 全局属性global rule 全局规则global subscriptions 全局订阅global variable 全局变量grant 授权granularity 粒度heterogeneous data 异类数据hierarchy 层次结构homogeneous data 同类数据hop 跃点horizontal partitioning 水平分区huge dimension 巨型维度hybrid OLAP (HOLAP) 混合OLAP (HOLAP) Hypertext Markup Language (HTML)超文本标记语言 (HTML)identifier 标识符identity column 标识列identity property 标识属性idle time 空闲时间image data type image 数据类型immediate updating 即时更新immediate updating subscribers即时更新订阅服务器immediate updating subscriptions即时更新订阅implement 实现implicit transaction 隐性事务implied permission 暗示性权限income 接收incremental update 增量更新index 索引index ORing 索引或运算index page 索引页indirect object 间接宾语information model 信息模型initial media 初始化媒体initialization parameters 初始化参数initial snapshot 初始化快照inner join 内联接input member 输入成员input set 输入集input source 输入源insensitive cursor 不感知游标insert query 插入查询insert values query 插入值查询instance 实例int (integer) data typeint (integer) 数据类型integer 整型integrated environment 集成环境integrated security 集成安全性integrity constraint 完整性约束intent lock 意向锁interactive 交互的interactive structured query language (ISQL) 交互式结构化查询语言 (ISQL) interface 接口interface implication 接口含义internal identifier 内部标识符International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) 国际电子技术委员会International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 国际标准化组织interprocess communication (IPC)进程间通讯 (IPC)invoke 调用irregular form 不规则形式irregular form type 不规则形式类型irregular noun 不规则名词irregular verb 不规则动词isolation level 隔离级别JDBC:Java database connectivity Java数据库连接job 作业join 联接join column 联接列join condition 联接条件join field 联接字段join filter 联接筛选join operator 联接运算符join path 联接路径join table 联接表junction table 连接表kernel 核心key 键key column 键列key range lock 键范围锁keyset-driven cursor 键集驱动游标keyword 关键字large level 大级别latency 滞后时间leaf 叶leaf level 叶级leaf member 叶成员left outer join 左向外联接level 级别level hierarchy 级别层次结构library 库linked cube 链接多维数据集linked server 链接服务器linked table 链接表linking table 链接表listener:监听程序livelock 活锁local cube 本地多维数据集local distributor 本地分发服务器local group 本地组local login identification本地登录标识local server 本地服务器local subscription 本地订阅local variable 局部变量locale 区域设置locale identifier (LCID)区域设置标识符 (LCID)lock 锁lock escalation 锁升级log file 日志文件logical name 逻辑名称logical operators 逻辑运算符logical_join 逻辑联接login (account) 登录(帐户)login security mode 登录安全模式lookup table 查找表LRU algorithm:least recently used algorithm 最近最少使用算法Maintain 维护make table query 生成表查询mandatory强制的,必选的many-to-many relationship 多对多关系many-to-one relationship 多对一关系master database master 数据库master definition site 主定义位置master file 主文件master site 主位置measure 度量值measurement 度量media description 媒体描述media family 媒体家族media header 媒体首部media name 媒体名称media set 媒体集member 成员member delegation 成员委派member group 成员组member key column 成员键列member name column 成员名列member property 成员属性member variable 成员变量memo 备注merge 合并merge replication 合并复制message number 消息编号messaging application programming interface (MAPI) 消息应用程序接口meta data 元数据method 方法middle tier:中介层,中间层migrate移植mining model 挖掘模型mining model training 挖掘模型培训mirroring 镜像mixed mode 混合模式model 模型model database model 数据库model dependency 模型相关性module 模块modulo 以...为模money data type money 数据类型multidimensional expressions (MDX) 多维表达式 (MDX)multidimensional OLAP (MOLAP)多维 OLAP (MOLAP)multidimensional structure 多维结构multiple inheritance 多重继承multiple instances 多实例multithreaded server application多线程服务器应用程序multiuser 多用户name phrasing 名称句式named instance 命名实例named pipe 命名管道named set 命名集naming relationship 命名关系native format 本机格式navigate导航NLS:natural language support自然语言支持系统nchar data type nchar数据类型nested query 嵌套查询nested table 嵌套表nickname 别名noise word 干扰词nonclustered index 非聚集索引nonleaf 非叶nonleaf member 非叶成员nonrepeatable read 不可重复读取normalization rules 规范化规则ntext data type ntext 数据类型NULL 不知道nullability 为空性numeric expression 数值表达式nvarchar data type nvarchar 数据类型object 对象object dependencies 对象相关性object identifier 对象标识符object owner 对象所有者object permission 对象权限object variable 对象变量ODBC:open database connectivity开放数据库互连ODBC data source ODBC数据源ODBC driver ODBC驱动程序OEM:Oracle enterprise manager Oracle企业管理器OFA:optimal flexible architecture优化自由结构OLAP:online transaction processing 联机事务处理OLE Automation controller OLE 自动化控制器OLE Automation objects OLE 自动化对象OLE Automation server OLE 自动化服务器OLE DB consumer OLE DB使用者OMF:Oracle managed files Oracle管理文件one-to-many relationship 一对多关系one-to-one relationship 一对一关系online analytical processing (OLAP) 联机分析处理 (OLAP)online redo log 联机重做日志online transaction processing (OLTP) 联机事务处理 (OLTP)open data services (ODS) 开放式数据服务 (ODS)open database connectivity (ODBC)开放式数据库连接 (ODBC)open information model (OIM)开放信息模型 (OIM)optimize synchronization 优化同步optimizer 优化程序optional:可选的Oracle世界领先的信息管理软件开发商,因其复杂的关系数据库产品而闻名Oracle homes:Oracle主目录ORACLE_SID Oracle System Identifier 的缩写ordered set 有序集origin object 起始对象OUI:Oracle universal installer Oracle 通用安装程序outer join 外联接overfitting 过适page 页page split 页拆分parent 父代partition 分区partitioning 分区parts of speech 词性pass order 传递顺序passive voice 被动语态pass-through query 直接传递查询pass-through statement 直接传递语句persistence 持续性PGA:program global area 程序全局区phantom 幻像phrase 短语phrasing 句式physical name 物理名称physical reads 物理读取pivot 数据透视platform平台port 端口position 位置positioned update 定位更新possessive case 所有格precision 精度preconfigured 预配置的predicate 谓词prediction 预测prefix characters 前缀字符prefix length 前缀长度prefix search 前缀搜索preposition 介词preposition phrasing 介词句式prerequisite先决条件primary dimension table 主维度表primary key (PK) 主键 (PK) primary table 主表prioritized approach优先方法private dimension 专用维度privilege特权procedure cache 过程缓存process 处理producer 发生器project 工程pronoun 代词proper noun 专有名词property 属性property pages 属性页provider 提供程序proximity search 近似搜索publication 发布publication database 发布数据库publication retention period 发布保持期published data 已发布数据publisher 发布服务器publishing table 发布表pubs database pubs 数据库pull subscription 请求订阅push subscription 强制订阅query optimizer 查询优化器question Builder 问题生成器question file 问题文件question template 问题模板queue 队列ragged hierarchy 不齐整层次结构range query 范围查询rank 级raw device 裸设备real data type real 数据类型record 记录record set 记录集recovery 恢复recovery interval 恢复间歇recursive partitioning 递归分区redo log file 恢复日志文件referenced key 引用键referencing key 参照键referential integrity (RI) 引用完整性reflexive relationship 反身关系refresh data 刷新数据regular cube 常规多维数据集regular dimension 常规维度relational database 关系数据库relational database management system (RDBMS) 关系数据库管理系统 (RDBMS) relational OLAP (ROLAP) 关系OLAP relationship 关系relationship object 关系对象relationship type 关系类型remote data 远程数据remote Distributor 远程分发服务器remote login identification 远程登录标识remote partition 远程分区remote server 远程服务器remote stored procedure 远程存储过程remote table 远程表replicated data 已复制数据replication 复制replication conflict Viewer 复制冲突查看器replication monitor 复制监视器replication scripting 编写复制脚本replication topology 复制拓扑repository 知识库,数据贮存器repository engine 知识库引擎repository object 知识库对象repository SQL schema 知识库SQL架构repository type information model (RTIM) 知识库类型信息模型 (RTIM)resolution strategy 冲突解决策略response file响应文件restatement 复述result 结果result set 结果集return parameters 返回参数reusable bookmark 可再次使用的书签revoke 废除right outer join 右向外联接role 角色roll back 回滚roll forward 前滚root form 原形root user:根用户,超级用户row 行row aggregate function 行聚合函数row filter 行筛选row lock 行锁rowset 行集rule 规则sample data 示例数据save point 保存点scalar aggregate 标量聚合scheduled backup 已调度备份schedule:安排schema 架构schema rowset 架构行集Scott 演示用户,普通用户script 脚本scroll 滚动search condition 搜索条件security identifier 安全标识号security strategy安全策略seed database种子数据库segment段segmentation 分段select list 选择列表select query 选择查询self-join 自联接semantic object 语义对象semiadditive measure 半加法度量sensitive cursor 感知游标sequence 序列sequenced collection 顺序集合sequenced relationship 顺序关系serializable 可串行server cursor 服务器游标server name 服务器名称session 会话setup initialization file 安装程序初始化文件severity level 严重级别SGA:system global area 系统全局区shared dimension 共享维度shared lock 共享锁showplan 显示计划sibling 兄弟SID:System Identifier的缩写系统标识符single-user mode 单用户模式slice 切片smalldatetime data type smalldatetime 数据类型smallint data type smallint 数据类型smallmoney data type smallmoney 数据类型snapshot agent 快照代理程序snapshot agent utility 快照代理程序实用工具snapshot cursor 快照游标snapshot replication 快照复制solve order 求解次序sort order 排序次序source and target 源和目标source cube 源多维数据集source database 源数据库source object 源对象source partition 源分区sparsity 稀疏度specify inventory directory:指定存盘目录SQL:structured query language 结构化查询语言SQL collation SQL 排序规则SQL database SQL 数据库SQL expression SQL 表达式SQL Mail SQL 邮件SQL query SQL 查询SQL Server AuthenticationSQL Server 身份验证SQL Server Event Forwarding Server SQL Server 事件转发服务器SQL Server login SQL Server 登录SQL Server role SQL Server 角色SQL Server user SQL Server 用户SQL statement SQL 语句sql_variant data type sql_variant 数据类型stand-alone 独立,单机standard security 标准安全机制standby database备用数据库star join 星型联接star schema 星型架构statement permission 语句权限static cursor 静态游标static SQL statements 静态 SQL 语句step object 步骤对象storage structure存储结构store-and-forward database 保存与转发数据库stored procedure 存储过程string 字符串string functions 字符串函数structured query language (SQL)结构化查询语言 (SQL)structured storage file 结构化存储文件subject 主语subquery 子查询subscribe 订阅subscriber 订阅服务器subscribing server 订阅服务器subscription 订阅subscription database 订阅数据库subset 子集subset phrasing 子集句式subtask:子任务suite:一套superlative form 最高级synchronization 同步synonym 同义词syntax语法SYS 超级管理员SYSDBA 超级权限SYSTEM 普通管理员system administrator 系统管理员system catalog 系统目录system databases 系统数据库system functions 系统函数system stored procedures 系统存储过程system tables 系统表table 表table data type table 数据类型table lock 表锁table scan 表扫描tablespace 表空间table-level constraint 表级约束tabular data stream (TDS) 表格格式数据流 (TDS)tape backup 磁带备份target object 目标对象target partition 目标分区task 任务task object 任务对象tempdb database tempdb 数据库template模板temporary stored procedure 临时存储过程temporary table 临时表temporary tablespace 临时表空间text data type text 数据类型theta join theta 联接third-party service 第三方服务thread 线程time dimension 时间维度timestamp data type timestamp数据类型tinyint data type tinyint数据类型tool 工具trace file 跟踪文件training data set 培训数据集trait 特征trait phrasing 特征句式transaction 事务transaction log 事务日志transaction processing 事务处理transaction rollback 事务回滚transactional replication 事务复制Transact-SQL cursor Transact-SQL游标transformable subscription 可转换订阅transformation 转换trigger 触发器trusted connection 信任连接tuple 元组two-phase commit 两相提交unbalanced hierarchy 不均衡层次结构underlying table 基础表unenforced relationship 未强制关系Unicode collation Unicode 排序规则Unicode format Unicode 格式Union query 联合查询UNIQUE constraints UNIQUE 约束unique index 唯一索引uniqueidentifier data type uniqueidentifier 数据类型update 更新update lock 更新锁update query 更新查询update statistics 更新统计UPI:user program interface 用户程序接口user (account) 用户(帐户)user database 用户数据库user-defined data type 用户定义数据类型user-defined event 用户定义事件user-defined function 用户定义函数utility 实用工具value expression 值表达式varbinary data type varbinary 数据类型varchar data type varchar 数据类型variables 变量verb phrasing 动词句式verify 检查,校验vertical filtering 垂直筛选vertical partitioning 垂直分区very large dimension 超大型维度view 视图view generation 视图生成virtual cube 虚拟多维数据集virtual dimension 虚拟维度WHERE clause WHERE 子句wildcard characters 通配符字符wildcard search 通配符搜索word generation 字生成write back 写回write enable 写启用write-ahead log 预写日志XTerm:命令行终端。
常用数据库词汇英汉对照
常用数据库词汇英汉对照abort 中断,中止access 访问account 账户action 操作active process 活动进程active statement 活动语句active voice 主动语态ActiveX Data Objects(ADO) ActiveX 数据对象ad hoc connector name 特殊连接器名称add-in 加载项adjective phrasing 形容词句式adverb 副词aggregate function 聚合函数aggregate query 聚合查询aggregation 聚合aggregation prefix 聚合前缀aggregation wrapper 聚合包装alert 警报alert log file 告警日志文件alias 别名aliasing 命名别名American National Standards Institute (ANSI) 美国国家标准学会 (ANSI) analysis server 分析服务器ancestor 祖先annotational property 批注属性anonymous subscription 匿名订阅ANSI:American National Standards Institute美国国家标准学会ANSIAPI:Application Program Interface【电脑】应用程序界面, 应用程序接口API server cursor API 服务器游标application role 应用程序角色archive 把……存档archive file 存档文件argument 参数article 项目atomic 原子的attribute 特性authentication 身份验证authorization 授权automatic recovery 自动恢复autonomy 独立axis 轴background process 后台处理,后台进程background trace file 后台跟踪文件backup 备份backup device 备份设备backup file 备份文件backup media 备份媒体backup set 备份集balanced hierarchy 均衡层次结构base data type 基本数据类型base table 基表batch 批处理batch process 批次处理BCP files BCP文件BCP utility BCP实用工具bigint data type bigint数据类型binary data type binary 数据类型binary large object 二进制大对象binding 绑定bit data type bit 数据类型bitwise operation 按位运算BLOB: binary large object二进制大对象,是一个可以存储二进制文件的容器block 块、区块、语句块Boolean 布尔型browse mode 浏览模式buffer cache 缓冲区built-in functions 内置函数business rules 业务规则cache aging 高速缓存老化数据清除calculated column 计算列calculated field 计算字段calculated member 计算所得成员calculation condition 计算条件calculation formula 计算公式calculation pass 计算传递calculation subcube 计算子多维数据集call-level interface (CLI)调用级接口(CLI)candidate key 候选键capacity plan容量图cascading delete 级联删除cascading update 级联更新case 事例case key 事例键case set 事例集cell 单元cellset 单元集certificate 证书change script 更改脚本changing dimension 可更改维度char data type char 数据类型character format 字符格式character set 字符集CHECK constraints CHECK约束checkpoint 检查点child 子代classification 分类clause 子句CLI: call-level interface 调用级接口client客户端client application 客户端应用程序client cursor 客户端游标clustered index 聚集索引clustering 聚集code page 代码页collation 排序规则column 列column filter 列筛选column-level collation 列级排序规则column-level constraint 列级约束command relationship 命令关系commit 提交comparative form 比较级component-based基于构件的component object model (COM)组件对象模型 (COM)composite index 组合索引composite key 组合键computed column 计算列COM-structured storage file COM结构化存储文件concatenation 串联concurrency 并发configuration options 配置选项conjunction 连词connection 连接connection pooling 连接池constant 常量constraint 约束continuation media 延续媒体control-break report 控制中断报表control-of-flow language 控制流语言correlated subquery 相关子查询CPU: Central Processing Unit中央处理器crosstab query 交叉表查询cube 多维数据集cube file 多维数据集文件cube role 多维数据集角色cursor 游标cursor data type cursor 数据类型cursor library 游标库custom rollup 自定义汇总custom rule 自定义规则data block 数据块data connection 数据连接data control language (DCL)数据控制语言 (DCL)data courier 数据快递data definition 数据定义data definition language (DDL)数据定义语言 (DDL)data dictionary 数据字典data dictionary view 数据字典视图data explosion 数据爆炸data file 数据文件data integrity 数据完整性data lineage 数据沿袭data manipulation language (DML)数据操作语言 (DML)data mart 数据集市data member 数据成员data modification 数据修改data pump 数据抽取data scrubbing 数据清理data source 数据源data source name (DSN) 数据源名称 (DSN) data type 数据类型data warehouse 数据仓库database 数据库database catalog 数据库目录database console 数据库控制台database credential 数据库证书database diagram 数据关系图database file 数据库文件database language 数据库语言database object 数据库对象database owner 数据库所有者database performance数据库性能database project 数据库工程database role 数据库角色database schema 数据库架构database script 数据库脚本data-definition query 数据定义查询dataset 数据集DateTime data type DateTime 数据类型DBA:database administrator 数据库管理员DBCS:double-byte character set(DBCS)双字节字符集(DBCS)deadlock 死锁decimal data type decimal 数据类型decision support 决策支持decision tree 决策树declarative referential integrity (DRI) 声明引用完整性 (DRI)dedicated server 专属服务器default 系统默认值,系统缺省值,默认值default constraint 默认约束default database 默认数据库default instance 默认实例default language 默认语言default member 默认成员default result set 默认结果集delete query 删除查询delimiter 分隔符demonstration示范denormalize 使非规范化density 密度deny 拒绝dependencies 相关性descendant 后代destination object 目的对象device 设备diagnostic file 诊断文件dictionary entry 字典条目differential database backup差异数据库备份dimension 维度dimension hierarchy 维度层次结构dimension table 维度表direct connect 直接连接direct object 直接对象direct response mode 直接响应模式dirty pages 脏页dirty read 脏读disable 使无效dispatcher progress 调度程序distribute 分发distributed query 分布式查询distribution CD 发行CDdistribution database 分发数据库distribution retention period分发保持期distributor 分发服务器domain 域domain integrity 域完整性drill down/drill up 深化/浅化drill through 钻取DSN-less connection 无DSN连接DTS package DTS包DTS package template DTS包模板dump 转储dump file 转储文件dynamic 动态的dynamic cursor 动态游标dynamic filter 动态筛选dynamic locking 动态锁定dynamic recovery 动态恢复dynamic snapshot 动态快照dynamic SQL statements 动态SQL语句enable 使有效encrypted trigger 加密触发器encryption 加密entity 实体entity integrity 实体完整性enroll 登记enumeration 枚举environment variable 环境变量equijoin 同等联接error log 错误日志error state number 错误状态号escape character 转义符exclusive lock 排它锁execute 执行explicit transaction 显式事务expression 表达式extended stored procedure 扩展存储过程extent 扩展failover 失效备援fact 事实fact table 事实数据表Federal Information Processing Standard (FIPS) 联邦信息处理标准 (FIPS)fetch 提取field 字段field length 字段长度field terminator 字段终止符file 文件file storage type 文件存储类型filegroup 文件组fill factor 填充因子filter 筛选filtering 筛选firehose cursor 流水游标fixed database role 固定数据库角色fixed server role 固定服务器角色flash recovery area 快速恢复区flattened interface 平展界面flattened rowset 平展行集float data type float 数据类型foreign key (FK) 外键 (FK)foreign table 外表forward-only cursor 只进游标fragmentation 碎片full outer join 完整外部联接full-text catalog 全文目录full-text enabling 全文启用full-text index 全文索引full-text query 全文查询full-text service 全文服务function 函数global default 全局默认值global properties 全局属性global rule 全局规则global subscriptions 全局订阅global variable 全局变量grant 授权granularity 粒度heterogeneous data 异类数据hierarchy 层次结构homogeneous data 同类数据hop 跃点horizontal partitioning 水平分区huge dimension 巨型维度hybrid OLAP (HOLAP) 混合OLAP (HOLAP) Hypertext Markup Language (HTML)超文本标记语言 (HTML)identifier 标识符identity column 标识列identity property 标识属性idle time 空闲时间image data type image 数据类型immediate updating 即时更新immediate updating subscribers即时更新订阅服务器immediate updating subscriptions即时更新订阅implement 实现implicit transaction 隐性事务implied permission 暗示性权限income 接收incremental update 增量更新index 索引index ORing 索引或运算index page 索引页indirect object 间接宾语information model 信息模型initial media 初始化媒体initialization parameters 初始化参数initial snapshot 初始化快照inner join 内联接input member 输入成员input set 输入集input source 输入源insensitive cursor 不感知游标insert query 插入查询insert values query 插入值查询instance 实例int (integer) data typeint (integer) 数据类型integer 整型integrated environment 集成环境integrated security 集成安全性integrity constraint 完整性约束intent lock 意向锁interactive 交互的interactive structured query language (ISQL) 交互式结构化查询语言 (ISQL) interface 接口interface implication 接口含义internal identifier 内部标识符International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) 国际电子技术委员会International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 国际标准化组织interprocess communication (IPC)进程间通讯 (IPC)invoke 调用irregular form 不规则形式irregular form type 不规则形式类型irregular noun 不规则名词irregular verb 不规则动词isolation level 隔离级别JDBC:Java database connectivity Java数据库连接job 作业join 联接join column 联接列join condition 联接条件join field 联接字段join filter 联接筛选join operator 联接运算符join path 联接路径join table 联接表junction table 连接表kernel 核心key 键key column 键列key range lock 键范围锁keyset-driven cursor 键集驱动游标keyword 关键字large level 大级别latency 滞后时间leaf 叶leaf level 叶级leaf member 叶成员left outer join 左向外联接level 级别level hierarchy 级别层次结构library 库linked cube 链接多维数据集linked server 链接服务器linked table 链接表linking table 链接表listener:监听程序livelock 活锁local cube 本地多维数据集local distributor 本地分发服务器local group 本地组local login identification本地登录标识local server 本地服务器local subscription 本地订阅local variable 局部变量locale 区域设置locale identifier (LCID)区域设置标识符 (LCID)lock 锁lock escalation 锁升级log file 日志文件logical name 逻辑名称logical operators 逻辑运算符logical_join 逻辑联接login (account) 登录(帐户)login security mode 登录安全模式lookup table 查找表LRU algorithm:least recently used algorithm 最近最少使用算法Maintain 维护make table query 生成表查询mandatory强制的,必选的many-to-many relationship 多对多关系many-to-one relationship 多对一关系master database master 数据库master definition site 主定义位置master file 主文件master site 主位置measure 度量值measurement 度量media description 媒体描述media family 媒体家族media header 媒体首部media name 媒体名称media set 媒体集member 成员member delegation 成员委派member group 成员组member key column 成员键列member name column 成员名列member property 成员属性member variable 成员变量memo 备注merge 合并merge replication 合并复制message number 消息编号messaging application programming interface (MAPI) 消息应用程序接口meta data 元数据method 方法middle tier:中介层,中间层migrate移植mining model 挖掘模型mining model training 挖掘模型培训mirroring 镜像mixed mode 混合模式model 模型model database model 数据库model dependency 模型相关性module 模块modulo 以...为模money data type money 数据类型multidimensional expressions (MDX) 多维表达式 (MDX)multidimensional OLAP (MOLAP)多维 OLAP (MOLAP)multidimensional structure 多维结构multiple inheritance 多重继承multiple instances 多实例multithreaded server application多线程服务器应用程序multiuser 多用户name phrasing 名称句式named instance 命名实例named pipe 命名管道named set 命名集naming relationship 命名关系native format 本机格式navigate导航NLS:natural language support自然语言支持系统nchar data type nchar数据类型nested query 嵌套查询nested table 嵌套表nickname 别名noise word 干扰词nonclustered index 非聚集索引nonleaf 非叶nonleaf member 非叶成员nonrepeatable read 不可重复读取normalization rules 规范化规则ntext data type ntext 数据类型NULL 不知道nullability 为空性numeric expression 数值表达式nvarchar data type nvarchar 数据类型object 对象object dependencies 对象相关性object identifier 对象标识符object owner 对象所有者object permission 对象权限object variable 对象变量ODBC:open database connectivity开放数据库互连ODBC data source ODBC数据源ODBC driver ODBC驱动程序OEM:Oracle enterprise manager Oracle企业管理器OFA:optimal flexible architecture优化自由结构OLAP:online transaction processing 联机事务处理OLE Automation controller OLE 自动化控制器OLE Automation objects OLE 自动化对象OLE Automation server OLE 自动化服务器OLE DB consumer OLE DB使用者OMF:Oracle managed files Oracle管理文件one-to-many relationship 一对多关系one-to-one relationship 一对一关系online analytical processing (OLAP) 联机分析处理 (OLAP)online redo log 联机重做日志online transaction processing (OLTP) 联机事务处理 (OLTP)open data services (ODS) 开放式数据服务 (ODS)open database connectivity (ODBC)开放式数据库连接 (ODBC)open information model (OIM)开放信息模型 (OIM)optimize synchronization 优化同步optimizer 优化程序optional:可选的Oracle世界领先的信息管理软件开发商,因其复杂的关系数据库产品而闻名Oracle homes:Oracle主目录ORACLE_SID Oracle System Identifier 的缩写ordered set 有序集origin object 起始对象OUI:Oracle universal installer Oracle 通用安装程序outer join 外联接overfitting 过适page 页page split 页拆分parent 父代partition 分区partitioning 分区parts of speech 词性pass order 传递顺序passive voice 被动语态pass-through query 直接传递查询pass-through statement 直接传递语句persistence 持续性PGA:program global area 程序全局区phantom 幻像phrase 短语phrasing 句式physical name 物理名称physical reads 物理读取pivot 数据透视platform平台port 端口position 位置positioned update 定位更新possessive case 所有格precision 精度preconfigured 预配置的predicate 谓词prediction 预测prefix characters 前缀字符prefix length 前缀长度prefix search 前缀搜索preposition 介词preposition phrasing 介词句式prerequisite先决条件primary dimension table 主维度表primary key (PK) 主键 (PK) primary table 主表prioritized approach优先方法private dimension 专用维度privilege特权procedure cache 过程缓存process 处理producer 发生器project 工程pronoun 代词proper noun 专有名词property 属性property pages 属性页provider 提供程序proximity search 近似搜索publication 发布publication database 发布数据库publication retention period 发布保持期published data 已发布数据publisher 发布服务器publishing table 发布表pubs database pubs 数据库pull subscription 请求订阅push subscription 强制订阅query optimizer 查询优化器question Builder 问题生成器question file 问题文件question template 问题模板queue 队列ragged hierarchy 不齐整层次结构range query 范围查询rank 级raw device 裸设备real data type real 数据类型record 记录record set 记录集recovery 恢复recovery interval 恢复间歇recursive partitioning 递归分区redo log file 恢复日志文件referenced key 引用键referencing key 参照键referential integrity (RI) 引用完整性reflexive relationship 反身关系refresh data 刷新数据regular cube 常规多维数据集regular dimension 常规维度relational database 关系数据库relational database management system (RDBMS) 关系数据库管理系统 (RDBMS) relational OLAP (ROLAP) 关系OLAP relationship 关系relationship object 关系对象relationship type 关系类型remote data 远程数据remote Distributor 远程分发服务器remote login identification 远程登录标识remote partition 远程分区remote server 远程服务器remote stored procedure 远程存储过程remote table 远程表replicated data 已复制数据replication 复制replication conflict Viewer 复制冲突查看器replication monitor 复制监视器replication scripting 编写复制脚本replication topology 复制拓扑repository 知识库,数据贮存器repository engine 知识库引擎repository object 知识库对象repository SQL schema 知识库SQL架构repository type information model (RTIM) 知识库类型信息模型 (RTIM)resolution strategy 冲突解决策略response file响应文件restatement 复述result 结果result set 结果集return parameters 返回参数reusable bookmark 可再次使用的书签revoke 废除right outer join 右向外联接role 角色roll back 回滚roll forward 前滚root form 原形root user:根用户,超级用户row 行row aggregate function 行聚合函数row filter 行筛选row lock 行锁rowset 行集rule 规则sample data 示例数据save point 保存点scalar aggregate 标量聚合scheduled backup 已调度备份schedule:安排schema 架构schema rowset 架构行集Scott 演示用户,普通用户script 脚本scroll 滚动search condition 搜索条件security identifier 安全标识号security strategy安全策略seed database种子数据库segment段segmentation 分段select list 选择列表select query 选择查询self-join 自联接semantic object 语义对象semiadditive measure 半加法度量sensitive cursor 感知游标sequence 序列sequenced collection 顺序集合sequenced relationship 顺序关系serializable 可串行server cursor 服务器游标server name 服务器名称session 会话setup initialization file 安装程序初始化文件severity level 严重级别SGA:system global area 系统全局区shared dimension 共享维度shared lock 共享锁showplan 显示计划sibling 兄弟SID:System Identifier的缩写系统标识符single-user mode 单用户模式slice 切片smalldatetime data type smalldatetime 数据类型smallint data type smallint 数据类型smallmoney data type smallmoney 数据类型snapshot agent 快照代理程序snapshot agent utility 快照代理程序实用工具snapshot cursor 快照游标snapshot replication 快照复制solve order 求解次序sort order 排序次序source and target 源和目标source cube 源多维数据集source database 源数据库source object 源对象source partition 源分区sparsity 稀疏度specify inventory directory:指定存盘目录SQL:structured query language 结构化查询语言SQL collation SQL 排序规则SQL database SQL 数据库SQL expression SQL 表达式SQL Mail SQL 邮件SQL query SQL 查询SQL Server AuthenticationSQL Server 身份验证SQL Server Event Forwarding Server SQL Server 事件转发服务器SQL Server login SQL Server 登录SQL Server role SQL Server 角色SQL Server user SQL Server 用户SQL statement SQL 语句sql_variant data type sql_variant 数据类型stand-alone 独立,单机standard security 标准安全机制standby database备用数据库star join 星型联接star schema 星型架构statement permission 语句权限static cursor 静态游标static SQL statements 静态 SQL 语句step object 步骤对象storage structure存储结构store-and-forward database 保存与转发数据库stored procedure 存储过程string 字符串string functions 字符串函数structured query language (SQL)结构化查询语言 (SQL)structured storage file 结构化存储文件subject 主语subquery 子查询subscribe 订阅subscriber 订阅服务器subscribing server 订阅服务器subscription 订阅subscription database 订阅数据库subset 子集subset phrasing 子集句式subtask:子任务suite:一套superlative form 最高级synchronization 同步synonym 同义词syntax语法SYS 超级管理员SYSDBA 超级权限SYSTEM 普通管理员system administrator 系统管理员system catalog 系统目录system databases 系统数据库system functions 系统函数system stored procedures 系统存储过程system tables 系统表table 表table data type table 数据类型table lock 表锁table scan 表扫描tablespace 表空间table-level constraint 表级约束tabular data stream (TDS) 表格格式数据流 (TDS)tape backup 磁带备份target object 目标对象target partition 目标分区task 任务task object 任务对象tempdb database tempdb 数据库template模板temporary stored procedure 临时存储过程temporary table 临时表temporary tablespace 临时表空间text data type text 数据类型theta join theta 联接third-party service 第三方服务thread 线程time dimension 时间维度timestamp data type timestamp数据类型tinyint data type tinyint数据类型tool 工具trace file 跟踪文件training data set 培训数据集trait 特征trait phrasing 特征句式transaction 事务transaction log 事务日志transaction processing 事务处理transaction rollback 事务回滚transactional replication 事务复制Transact-SQL cursor Transact-SQL游标transformable subscription 可转换订阅transformation 转换trigger 触发器trusted connection 信任连接tuple 元组two-phase commit 两相提交unbalanced hierarchy 不均衡层次结构underlying table 基础表unenforced relationship 未强制关系Unicode collation Unicode 排序规则Unicode format Unicode 格式Union query 联合查询UNIQUE constraints UNIQUE 约束unique index 唯一索引uniqueidentifier data type uniqueidentifier 数据类型update 更新update lock 更新锁update query 更新查询update statistics 更新统计UPI:user program interface 用户程序接口user (account) 用户(帐户)user database 用户数据库user-defined data type 用户定义数据类型user-defined event 用户定义事件user-defined function 用户定义函数utility 实用工具value expression 值表达式varbinary data type varbinary 数据类型varchar data type varchar 数据类型variables 变量verb phrasing 动词句式verify 检查,校验vertical filtering 垂直筛选vertical partitioning 垂直分区very large dimension 超大型维度view 视图view generation 视图生成virtual cube 虚拟多维数据集virtual dimension 虚拟维度WHERE clause WHERE 子句wildcard characters 通配符字符wildcard search 通配符搜索word generation 字生成write back 写回write enable 写启用write-ahead log 预写日志XTerm:命令行终端。
数据库系统的一些专用词汇表(专业)
数据库系统的一些专用词汇表数据库系统的一些专用词汇表((专业专业))· 数据(Data ):反映客观世界的事实,并可以区分其特征的符号:字符、数字、文本、声音、图形、图像、图表、图片等,它们是现实世界中客观存在的,可以输入到计算机中进行存储和管理的。
· 信息(Information ):由原始数据经加工提炼而成的、用于决定行为、计划或具有一定语义的数据称为信息。
· 数据库DB (Data Base ):是现实世界中相互关联的大量数据及数据间关系的集合。
· 数据库管理系统DBMS (Data Base Management System ):是对数据库中的数据进行存储和管理的软件系统。
包括存储、管理、检索和控制数据库中数据的各种语言和工具,是一套系统软件。
· 数据库系统DBS (Data Base System ):是对数据库和数据库管理系统的总称。
是指相互关联的数据集合与操纵数据的软件工具集合。
DBS = DB+DBMS· 数据库应用程序接口API (Application Programming Interface ):是由DBMS 为开发应用程序提供的操纵和访问数据库中数据的接口函数、过程或语言。
· 数据库应用程序AP (Application Program ):满足某类用户要求的操纵和访问数据库的程序。
· 数据仓库(Data Warehouse )一个数据仓库就是一个自带数据库的商业应用系统。
利用现有的数据资源,把数据转换为信息,从中挖掘出知识,提炼成智慧,创造出效益。
· 数据发掘(Data Mining )数据发掘可帮助商业用户处理大量存在的数据,以期发现一些"意外的关系",以便增加市场份额和利润。
·信息发掘(Information Mining):信息发掘是指在文档、地图、照片、声音和影像之汪洋大海中发现相关信息,即面向内容的检索。
数据库常用英语词汇
数据库常用英语词汇1. 数据库(Database)A structured collection of data that is organized and accessible in various ways.2. 表(Table)A collection of related data organized in a grid format of rows and columns.3. 列(Column)A vertical section of a table, also known as a field, which represents a specific attribute or characteristic.4. 行(Row)A horizontal record in a table that contains data related to the attributes defined by the columns.5. 记录(Record)A collection of related data values that pertain to a specific entity or item.6. 主键(Primary Key)A unique identifier for each record in a table, used to ensure data integrity and facilitate data retrieval.7. 外键(Foreign Key)A field in one table that references the primary key in another table, establishing a relationship between the two tables.8. 数据类型(Data Type)A classification that determines the type of data that can be stored in a column, such as text, number, or date.9. 索引(Index)A data structure that improves the speed of data retrieval by creating a reference to the specific location of data.10. 查询(Query)A request for specific information from a database, using a structured query language (SQL) or other methods.11. 更新(Update)The process of modifying or changing existing data in a database.12. 插入(Insert)The process of adding new data into a database.13. 删除(Delete)The process of removing data from a database.14. 连接(Join)15. 视图(View)16. 备份(Backup)A copy of the database or specific data created to ensure data availability and integrity in case of data loss or failure.17. 恢复(Restore)The process of restoring a backup copy of a database to recover lost or damaged data.18. 安全性(Security)The measures taken to protect a database from unauthorized access, data breaches, or other security risks.19. 触发器(Trigger)A database object that automatically executes a set of actions in response to specific events or changes in data.20. 事务(Transaction)A sequence of database operations that are treated as a single unitof work, ensuring consistency and integrity of data.以上是数据库常用英语词汇的简要介绍,希望能对您有所帮助!。
数据库词汇
Access method访问方法)Alias (别名)Alternate keys备用键,ER/关系模型Anomalies异常API(Application Programming Interface)数据库应用程序接口AP(Application Program)数据库应用程序Application design(应用程序设计):Attribute(属性)(关系模型):属性是关系中命名的列。
Attribute(属性)(ER模型):实体或关系中的一个性质。
Attribute inheritance(属性继承)Base table(基本表)Binary relationship(二元关系)Bottom-up approach(自底向上方法)Business rules(业务规则)Candidate key(候选键,ER关系模型)Cardinality(基数)Centralized approach(集中化方法,用于数据库设计)Chasm trap(深坑陷阱)Client(客户端)Clustering field(群集字段)Clustering index(群集索引)Column(列):参加属性(attribute)。
Complex relationship(复杂关系)。
Composite attribute(复合属性)。
Composite key(复合键)Concurrency control(并发控制)Constraint(约束)Data conversion and loading(数据转换和加载) Data dictionary(数据字典)Data independence(数据独立性)Data model(数据模型)Data redundancy(数据冗余)Data security(数据安全)Database(数据库)Data Warehouse 数据仓库Data Mining数据发掘Data Schema:数据模式Data Dependency:数据依赖Data Dictionary 数据字典Data Flow Diagram数据流图Information Mining信息发掘Data Model数据模式,数据模型Database design(数据库设计)Database integrity(数据库完整性)Data Mart (数据市场)DSS(Decision Support System)决策支持系统Dimension(维度)DBMS(Data Base Management System数据库管理系统Database planning(数据库规划)Database server(数据库服务器DBMS engine(DBMS引擎)DBMS selection(DBMS选择)Degree of a relationship(关系的度)Denormalization(反规范化)Derived attribute(派生属性)Design methodology(设计方法学)Disjoint constraint(无连接约束)Domain(域)Entity(实体)Entity integrity(实体完整性)Entity occurrence(实体出现)Entity-Relationship model(实体关系模型)Fact-finding(事实发现)Fan trap(扇形陷阱)Field(字段):同元组(Tuple)。
数据结构基本英语词汇大全
数据结构基本英语词汇数据抽象data abstraction数据元素data element数据对象data object数据项data item数据类型data type抽象数据类型abstract data type逻辑结构logical structure物理结构phyical structure线性结构linear structure非线性结构nonlinear structure基本数据类型atomic data type固定聚合数据类型fixed-aggregate data type可变聚合数据类型variable-aggregate data type 线性表linear list栈stack队列queue串string数组array树tree图grabh查找,线索searching更新updating排序(分类) sorting插入insertion删除deletion前趋predecessor后继successor直接前趋immediate predecessor直接后继immediate successor双端列表deque(double-ended queue) 循环队列cirular queue指针pointer先进先出表(队列)first-in first-out list后进先出表(队列)last-in first-out list栈底bottom栈定top压入push弹出pop队头front队尾rear上溢overflow下溢underflow数组array矩阵matrix多维数组multi-dimentional array以行为主的顺序分配row major order以列为主的顺序分配column major order 三角矩阵truangular matrix对称矩阵symmetric matrix稀疏矩阵sparse matrix转置矩阵transposed matrix链表linked list线性链表linear linked list单链表single linked list多重链表multilinked list循环链表circular linked list双向链表doubly linked list十字链表orthogonal list广义表generalized list链link指针域pointer field链域link field头结点head node头指针head pointer尾指针tail pointer串string空白(空格)串blank string空串(零串)null string子串substring树tree子树subtree森林forest根root叶子leaf结点node深度depth层次level双亲parents孩子children兄弟brother祖先ancestor子孙descentdant二叉树binary tree平衡二叉树banlanced binary tree 满二叉树full binary tree完全二叉树complete binary tree遍历二叉树traversing binary tree二叉排序树binary sort tree二叉查找树binary search tree线索二叉树threaded binary tree哈夫曼树Huffman tree有序数ordered tree无序数unordered tree判定树decision tree双链树doubly linked tree数字查找树digital search tree树的遍历traversal of tree先序遍历preorder traversal中序遍历inorder traversal后序遍历postorder traversal图graph子图subgraph有向图digraph(directed graph)无向图undigraph(undirected graph) 完全图complete graph连通图connected graph非连通图unconnected graph强连通图strongly connected graph 弱连通图weakly connected graph 加权图weighted graph有向无环图directed acyclic graph 稀疏图spares graph稠密图dense graph重连通图biconnected graph二部图bipartite graph边edge顶点vertex弧arc路径path回路(环)cycle弧头head弧尾tail源点source终点destination汇点sink权weight连接点articulation point初始结点initial node终端结点terminal node相邻边adjacent edge相邻顶点adjacent vertex关联边incident edge入度indegree出度outdegree最短路径shortest path有序对ordered pair无序对unordered pair简单路径simple path简单回路simple cycle连通分量connected component 邻接矩阵adjacency matrix邻接表adjacency list邻接多重表adjacency multilist 遍历图traversing graph生成树spanning tree最小(代价)生成树minimum(cost)spanning tree生成森林spanning forest拓扑排序topological sort偏序partical order拓扑有序topological orderAOV网activity on vertex networkAOE网activity on edge network关键路径critical path匹配matching最大匹配maximum matching增广路径augmenting path增广路径图augmenting path graph查找searching线性查找(顺序查找)linear search (sequential search) 二分查找binary search分块查找block search散列查找hash search平均查找长度average search length散列表hash table散列函数hash funticion直接定址法immediately allocating method数字分析法digital analysis method平方取中法mid-square method折叠法folding method除法division method随机数法random number method排序sort内部排序internal sort外部排序external sort插入排序insertion sort随小增量排序diminishing increment sort选择排序selection sort堆排序heap sort快速排序quick sort归并排序merge sort基数排序radix sort外部排序external sort平衡归并排序balance merging sort二路平衡归并排序balance two-way merging sort 多步归并排序ployphase merging sort置换选择排序replacement selection sort文件file主文件master file顺序文件sequential file索引文件indexed file索引顺序文件indexed sequential file索引非顺序文件indexed non-sequential file直接存取文件direct access file多重链表文件multilist file倒排文件inverted file一. 旅游概述China's catagory A travel agency 一类社China's category B travel agency 二类社China's category C travel agency 三类社Clothes,bearing and appearance 服装仪表guidebook 旅游指南guild practice 导游实践international tourism 国际导游itinerary 旅行计划,节目local guide 地陪,地方导游local tourist organization 地方旅游组织low season 淡季minimum tour price 最低旅游价格multilingual guide 会多种语言的导游national guide 全陪,全程导游national tourist organization 全国旅游组织off-peak season 淡季off season 淡季on season 旺季peak season 旺季professional (staff)旅游专业人员programme 节目receiving country 旅游接待国regional tourist organization 区域旅游组织season-high 旺季season-low 淡季selling season 旺季shoulder period/season 平季sightseeing 游览slack season 淡季state-list famous historical and culture cities 国家级历史文化名城tour arrangement 旅游安排tour brochure 旅游小册子tour catalog 旅游团目录tour code number 旅游代号编码tour escort/conductor/director 旅游团陪同tour leader 领队,团长tour operation 旅游业务tour route 旅游路线tour talker 自动导游磁带机tourism 旅游业,旅游tourism activities 旅游活动tourism circles 旅游界touring 游览touring club 旅游俱乐部tourist 游客tourist association 旅游协会tourist authority/office 旅游局tourist council 旅游委员会tourist destination 旅游目的地tourist destination area 旅游目的地地区tourist destination country 旅游目的国tourist map 旅游地图tourist organization 旅游组织tourist periodical 旅游周刊tourist spots 旅游点tourist trade 旅游界travel 旅行travel business 旅游业务travel expert 旅游专家travel industry 旅游业travel journalist 旅游记者travel press 旅游报纸travel publication 旅游出版物travelling 旅游travelling expense 旅费travel-see tourism 旅游(美)travel trade 旅游业travel writer 旅游作家trip 旅行World Tourism Day 世界旅游日World Tourism Organization 世界旅游组织Tourist Administration 旅游局China's National Tourism Administration 中国旅游局……Provincial Tourism Administration ……省旅游局……Autonomous Region To urism Administration 自治区旅游局……Municipal Tourism Administration 市旅游局……Autonomous Perfecture Tourism Administration 自治州旅游局……County Tourism Administration 县旅游局二. 饭店种类inn 旅馆,饭店lodge 小旅馆tavern 酒店caravansary 马车店,大旅馆hostel 招待所hotel 饭店,酒店motel(=motor hotel)汽车饭店(旅店)budget hotel 廉价旅馆economy hotel(one-star hotel)一星级饭店some comfort hotel(two-star hotel)二星级饭店average hotel(three -star hotel)三星级饭店high comfort hotel(four -star hotel)四星级饭店deluxe hotel(five-star hotel)五星级饭店三. 客房种类(1)single room 单人房(一张单人床)double room 双人房(二张单人床)double double 双人房(二张双人床)big single room大床房(一张双人大床)tripe room 三人房(三张单人床)(2)economy room(ER)经济间standard room(SR)标准间superior room(UR)高级套房standard suit(ss)套间deluxe room(DR)豪华间presidential suit(PS)总统套房(3)studio room 工作室型客房(设沙发床或躺椅)multi-functional room 多功能客房combined type rooms 组合客房四. 饭店计价方式(1)European plan(EP)欧式计价(只计房租,不包括餐饮等费用)(2)American plan(AP)美式计价(计算房租并包括每日三餐费用在内)(3)modified American plan 修正美式计价(计算房租且包括两餐费/早餐,午餐,晚餐中选两餐)(4)continental plan(CP)欧陆式计价(计算房租且包括欧陆式早餐餐费)(5)Bermuda plan(BP)百慕大计价(计算房租,包括美式早餐餐费)五. 常用旅游英语词汇standard rate 标准价en-suite 套房family suite 家庭套房twin room you 带两张单人床的房间double room 带一张双人床的房间advance deposit 定金reservation 订房间registration 登记rate sheets 房价表tariff 价目表cancellation 取消预定imperial suite 皇室套房presidential suite 总统套房suite deluxe 高级套房junior suite 简单套房mini suite 小型套房honeymoon suite 蜜月套房penthouse suite 楼顶套房unmade room 未清扫房on change 待清扫房valuables 贵重品porter 行李员luggage/baggage 行李registered/checked luggage 托运行李light luggage 轻便行李baggage elevator 行李电梯baggage receipt 行李收据trolley 手推车storage room 行李仓briefcase 公文包suit bag 衣服袋travelling bag 旅行袋shoulder bag 背包trunk 大衣箱suitcase 小提箱name tag 标有姓名的标签regular flight 正常航班non-scheduled flight 非正常航班international flight 国际航班domestic flight 国内航班flight number 航班号airport 机场airline operation 航空业务alternate airfield 备用机场landing field 停机坪international terminal 国际航班候机楼domestic terminal 国内航班候机楼control tower 控制台jetway 登机道air-bridge 旅客桥visitors terrace 迎送平台concourse 中央大厅loading bridge 候机室至飞机的连接通路airline coach service 汽车服务shuttle bus 机场内来往班车一. 旅游概述China's catagory A travel agency 一类社China's category B travel agency 二类社China's category C travel agency 三类社Clothes,bearing and appearance 服装仪表guidebook 旅游指南guild practice 导游实践international tourism 国际导游itinerary 旅行计划,节目local guide 地陪,地方导游local tourist organization 地方旅游组织low season 淡季minimum tour price 最低旅游价格multilingual guide 会多种语言的导游national guide 全陪,全程导游national tourist organization 全国旅游组织off-peak season 淡季off season 淡季on season 旺季peak season 旺季professional (staff) 旅游专业人员programme 节目receiving country 旅游接待国regional tourist organization 区域旅游组织season-high 旺季season-low 淡季selling season 旺季shoulder period/season 平季sightseeing 游览slack season 淡季state-list famous historical and culture cities 国家级历史文化名城tour arrangement 旅游安排tour brochure 旅游小册子tour catalog 旅游团目录tour code number 旅游代号编码tour escort/conductor/director 旅游团陪同tour leader 领队,团长tour operation 旅游业务tour route 旅游路线tour talker 自动导游磁带机tourism 旅游业,旅游tourism activities 旅游活动tourism circles 旅游界touring 游览touring club 旅游俱乐部tourist 游客tourist association 旅游协会tourist authority/office 旅游局tourist council 旅游委员会tourist destination 旅游目的地tourist destination area 旅游目的地地区tourist destination country 旅游目的国tourist map 旅游地图tourist organization 旅游组织tourist periodical 旅游周刊tourist spots 旅游点tourist trade 旅游界travel 旅行travel business 旅游业务travel expert 旅游专家travel industry 旅游业travel journalist 旅游记者travel press 旅游报纸travel publication 旅游出版物travelling 旅游travelling expense 旅费travel-see tourism 旅游(美)travel trade 旅游业travel writer 旅游作家trip 旅行World Tourism Day 世界旅游日World Tourism Organization 世界旅游组织Tourist Administration 旅游局China's National Tourism Administration 中国旅游局...Provincial Tourism Administration ...省旅游局...Autonomous Region Tourism Administration 自治区旅游局...Municipal Tourism Administration 市旅游局...Autonomous Perfecture Tourism Administration 自治州旅游局...County Tourism Administration 县旅游局二. 饭店种类inn 旅馆,饭店lodge 小旅馆tavern 酒店caravansary 马车店,大旅馆hostel 招待所hotel 饭店,酒店motel(=motor hotel)汽车饭店(旅店)budget hotel 廉价旅馆economy hotel(one-star hotel)一星级饭店some comfort hotel(two-star hotel)二星级饭店average hotel(three -star hotel)三星级饭店high comfort hotel(four -star hotel)四星级饭店deluxe hotel(five-star hotel)五星级饭店三. 客房种类(1)single room 单人房(一张单人床)double room 双人房(二张单人床)double double 双人房(二张双人床)big single room大床房(一张双人大床)tripe room 三人房(三张单人床)(2)economy room(ER) 经济间standard room(SR) 标准间superior room(UR) 高级套房standard suit(ss) 套间deluxe room(DR) 豪华间presidential suit(PS) 总统套房(3)studio room 工作室型客房(设沙发床或躺椅)multi-functional room 多功能客房combined type rooms 组合客房四. 饭店计价方式(1)European plan(EP) 欧式计价(只计房租,不包括餐饮等费用)(2)American plan(AP) 美式计价(计算房租并包括每日三餐费用在内)(3)modified American plan 修正美式计价(计算房租且包括两餐费/早餐,午餐,晚餐中选两餐)(4)continental plan(CP) 欧陆式计价(计算房租且包括欧陆式早餐餐费)(5)Bermuda plan(BP) 百慕大计价(计算房租,包括美式早餐餐费)五. 常用旅游英语词汇standard rate 标准价en-suite 套房family suite 家庭套房twin room you 带两张单人床的房间double room 带一张双人床的房间advance deposit 定金reservation 订房间registration 登记rate sheets 房价表tariff 价目表cancellation 取消预定imperial suite 皇室套房presidential suite 总统套房suite deluxe 高级套房junior suite 简单套房mini suite 小型套房honeymoon suite 蜜月套房penthouse suite 楼顶套房unmade room 未清扫房on change 待清扫房valuables 贵重品porter 行李员luggage/baggage 行李registered/checked luggage 托运行李light luggage 轻便行李baggage elevator 行李电梯baggage receipt 行李收据trolley 手推车storage room 行李仓briefcase 公文包suit bag 衣服袋travelling bag 旅行袋shoulder bag 背包trunk 大衣箱suitcase 小提箱name tag 标有姓名的标签regular flight 正常航班non-scheduled flight 非正常航班international flight 国际航班domestic flight 国内航班flight number 航班号airport 机场airline operation 航空业务alternate airfield 备用机场landing field 停机坪international terminal 国际航班候机楼domestic terminal 国内航班候机楼control tower 控制台jetway 登机道air-bridge 旅客桥visitors terrace 迎送平台concourse 中央大厅loading bridge 候机室至飞机的连接通路airline coach service 汽车服务shuttle bus 机场内来往班车advance deposit 定金air-bridge 旅客桥airline coach service 汽车服务airline operation 航空业务airport 机场alternate airfield 备用机场American plan(AP)美式计价(计算房租并包括每日三餐费用在内)Autonomous Perfecture Tourism Administration 自治州旅游局Autonomous Region Tourism Administration 自治区旅游局average hotel(three -star hotel)三星级饭店baggage elevator 行李电梯baggage receipt 行李收据Bermuda plan(BP)百慕大计价(计算房租,包括美式早餐餐费)big single room大床房(一张双人大床)briefcase 公文包budget hotel 廉价旅馆cancellation 取消预定caravansary 马车店,大旅馆China's catagory A travel agency 一类社China's category B travel agency 二类社China's category C travel agency 三类社China's National Tourism Administration 中国旅游局Clothes,bearing and appearance 服装仪表combined type rooms 组合客房concourse 中央大厅continental plan(CP)欧陆式计价(计算房租且包括欧陆式早餐餐费)control tower 控制台County Tourism Administration 县旅游局deluxe hotel(five-star hotel)五星级饭店deluxe room(DR)豪华间domestic flight 国内航班domestic terminal 国内航班候机楼double double 双人房(二张双人床)double room 带一张双人床的房间double room 双人房(二张单人床)economy hotel(one-star hotel)一星级饭店economy room(ER)经济间European plan(EP)欧式计价(只计房租,不包括餐饮等费用)family suite 家庭套房flight number 航班号guidebook 旅游指南guild practice 导游实践high comfort hotel(four -star hotel)四星级饭店honeymoon suite 蜜月套房hostel 招待所hotel 饭店,酒店imperial suite 皇室套房inn 旅馆,饭店international flight 国际航班international terminal 国际航班候机楼international tourism 国际导游itinerary 旅行计划,节目jetway 登机道junior suite 简单套房landing field 停机坪light luggage 轻便行李loading bridge 候机室至飞机的连接通路local guide 地陪,地方导游local tourist organization 地方旅游组织lodge 小旅馆low season 淡季luggage/baggage 行李mini suite 小型套房minimum tour price 最低旅游价格modified American plan 修正美式计价(计算房租且包括两餐费/早餐,午餐,晚餐中选两餐)motel(=motor hotel)汽车饭店(旅店)multi-functional room 多功能客房multilingual guide 会多种语言的导游Municipal Tourism Administration 市旅游局name tag 标有姓名的标签national guide 全陪,全程导游national tourist organization 全国旅游组织non-scheduled flight 非正常航班off season 淡季off-peak season 淡季on change 待清扫房on season 旺季peak season 旺季penthouse suite 楼顶套房porter 行李员presidential suit(PS)总统套房presidential suite 总统套房professional (staff)旅游专业人员programme 节目Provincial Tourism Administration ……省旅游局rate sheets 房价表receiving country 旅游接待国regional tourist organization 区域旅游组织registered/checked luggage 托运行李registration 登记regular flight 正常航班reservation 订房间season-high 旺季season-low 淡季selling season 旺季shoulder bag 背包shoulder period/season 平季shuttle bus 机场内来往班车sightseeing 游览single room 单人房(一张单人床)slack season 淡季some comfort hotel(two-star hotel)二星级饭店standard rate 标准价en-suite 套房standard room(SR)标准间standard suit(ss)套间state-list famous historical and culture cities 国家级历史文化名城storage room 行李仓studio room 工作室型客房(设沙发床或躺椅)suit bag 衣服袋suitcase 小提箱suite deluxe 高级套房superior room(UR)高级套房tariff 价目表tavern 酒店tour arrangement 旅游安排tour brochure 旅游小册子tour catalog 旅游团目录tour code number 旅游代号编码tour escort/conductor/director 旅游团陪同tour leader 领队,团长tour operation 旅游业务tour route 旅游路线tour talker 自动导游磁带机touring club 旅游俱乐部touring 游览tourism activities 旅游活动tourism circles 旅游界tourism 旅游业,旅游Tourist Administration 旅游局tourist association 旅游协会tourist authority/office 旅游局tourist council 旅游委员会tourist destination area 旅游目的地地区tourist destination country 旅游目的国tourist destination 旅游目的地tourist map 旅游地图tourist organization 旅游组织tourist periodical 旅游周刊tourist spots 旅游点tourist trade 旅游界tourist 游客travel business 旅游业务travel expert 旅游专家travel industry 旅游业travel journalist 旅游记者travel press 旅游报纸travel publication 旅游出版物travel trade 旅游业travel writer 旅游作家travel 旅行travelling bag 旅行袋travelling expense 旅费travelling 旅游travel-see tourism 旅游(美)trip 旅行tripe room 三人房(三张单人床)trolley 手推车trunk 大衣箱twin room you 带两张单人床的房间unmade room 未清扫房valuables 贵重品visitors terrace 迎送平台World Tourism Day 世界旅游日World Tourism Organization 世界旅游组织。
数据库词汇表
词汇表AActiveX 数据对象(ActiveX Data Objects)一种易于使用的应用程序接口(API),该接口将OLE DB 封装以用于Visual Basic、用于应用程序的Visual Basic、Active Server Pages 和Microsoft Internet Explorer Visual Basic 脚本等语言中。
ActiveX 数据对象(多维)(ADO MD) (ActiveX Data Objects (Multidimensional) (ADO MD))一种高级的、不依赖语言的基于对象的数据访问接口的集合,该集合为多维数据应用程序进行了优化。
Visual Basic 及其它一些自动化语言将ADO MD 用作多维数据存储的数据访问接口。
ADO MD 是ADO 2.0 及更高版本的一部分。
ADO (ADO)参见定义:ActiveX 数据对象ADO MD (ADO MD)参见定义:ActiveX 数据对象(多维)(ADO MD)安全标识号(SID) (Security Identifier (SID))标识登录到安全系统上的用户的唯一值。
SID 可以标识一个或一组用户。
暗示性权限(implied permission)执行针对角色的活动的权限。
暗示性权限不能授权、废除或拒绝。
按位运算(bitwise operation)操作单个位或测试某一位是开还是关的运算。
安装程序初始化文件(Setup initialization file)使用Windows .ini 文件格式的一种文本文件,存储允许在不必有用户响应安装程序提示的情况下安装SQL Server 的配置信息。
ANSI (ANSI)参见定义:美国国家标准学会(ANSI)ANSI 到OEM 转换(ANSI to OEM conversion)当数据从使用特定代码页存储字符数据的数据库传输到使用不同代码页的计算机上的客户端应用程序时必定发生的字符转换。
数据库常用名词释义表
1、IDEF1X是E-R模型的图示方法,是ER图的细化,数据库设计的工程化方法。
源于美国ICAM计划提出的一系列项目描述方法,ICAMDefinition,即IDEF,包含IDEF0、IDEF1、IDEF2,IDEF1X(IDEF1 Extended)2、第一范式(1NF)是指数据库表的每一列都是不可分割的基本数据项,同一列中不能有多个不同类的值,即实体中的某个属性不能有多个值或者不能有重复的属性。
3、第二范式(2NF)要求实体的属性完全依赖于主关键字,消除部分子函数依赖。
所谓完全依赖是指不能存在仅依赖主关键字一部分的属性,如果存在,那么这个属性和主关键字的这一部分应该分离出来形成一个新的实体。
简而言之,第二范式就是属性完全依赖于主键。
第二范式(2NF)必须先满足第一范式(1NF)。
4、第三范式(3NF)就是属性不依赖于其它非主属性,消除传递依赖。
例如,存在一个部门信息表,其中每个部门有部门编号(dept_id)、部门名称、部门简介等信息。
那么在的员工信息表中列出部门编号后就不能再将部门名称、部门简介等与部门有关的信息再加入员工信息表中。
如果不存在部门信息表,则根据第三范式(3NF)也应该构建它,否则就会有大量的数据冗余。
第三范式(3NF)必须先满足第二范式(2NF)。
5、函数依赖是从数学角度来定义的,在关系中用来刻画关系各属性之间相互制约而又相互依赖的情况。
比如,描述一个学生的关系,可以有学号、姓名、所在系等多个属性,由于一个学号对应一个且仅一个学生,一个学生就读于一个确定的系,因而当“学号”属性的值确定之后,“姓名”及“所在系”的值也就唯一地确定了,此时,就可以称“姓名”和“所在系”函数依赖于“学号”,或者说“学号”函数决定“姓名”和“所在系”,记作:学号→姓名、学号→所在系。
y函数依赖于x,记作x→y。
6、部分函数依赖是设R(U)是属性集U上的关系,x、y是U的子集,x’是x的真子集,若x→y且x’→y,则称y部分依赖x,记作X→PY。
设计与数据库中字段对应表
=
26.
打印次数
printcount
int
=
=
打印磅单的次数
27.
是否允许打印
isprint
int
=
=
0-可以1-不可以
28.
废钢等级
badgrade
Varchar(5)
=
=
29.
修改人
modifier
Varchar
(50)
30.
修改时间
updatetime
datetime
称量信息表_备份: weightinfo_bak
序号
中文名称
列名
数据类型
数据库中列名
最终列名
备注
1.
id
id
Char(36)
=
=
id号pk
2.
磅单号
weightid
Varchar(9)
=
=
给此次称重生成的唯一磅单号
磅房ID(01~99)+唯一字段(
在客户端自增1000000开始)
示例:2号磅房生成的磅单号
18.
检斤房2id
weighthouse2
int
=
=
第二次称重检斤房2 id号
19.
皮重
tare
real
=
float
20.
毛重
gross
real
=
float
21.
净重
pure
real
=
float
22.
材质
quality
Varchar(50)
=
=
23.
规格
specifications
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。
初学者需要掌握的数据库设计词汇对照表 2008年05月05日 07:40 赛迪网作者:小乔【赛迪网-IT技术报道】数据库设计词汇对照表:1. Access method(访问方法):此步骤包括从文件中存储和检索记录。
2. Alias(别名):某属性的另一个名字。
在SQL中,可以用别名替换表名。
3. Alternate keys(备用键,ER/关系模型):在实体/表中没有被选为主健的候选键。
4. Anomalies(异常)参见更新异常(update anomalies)5. Application design(应用程序设计):数据库应用程序生命周期的一个阶段,包括设计用户界面以及使用和处理数据库的应用程序。
6. Attribute(属性)(关系模型):属性是关系中命名的列。
7. Attribute(属性)(ER模型):实体或关系中的一个性质。
8. Attribute inheritance(属性继承):子类成员可以拥有其特有的属性,并且继承那些与超类有关的属性的过程。
9. Base table(基本表):一个命名的表,其记录物理的存储在数据库中。
10. Binary relationship(二元关系):一个ER术语,用于描述两个实体间的关系。
例如,panch Has Staff。
11. Bottom-up approach(自底向上方法):用于数据库设计,一种设计方法学,他从标识每个设计组建开始,然后将这些组件聚合成一个大的单元。
在数据库设计中,可以从表示属性开始底层设计,然后将这些属性组合在一起构成代表实体和关系的表。
12. Business rules(业务规则):由用户或数据库的管理者指定的附加规则。
13. Candidate key(候选键,ER关系模型):仅包含唯一标识实体所必须得最小数量的属性/列的超键。
14. Cardinality(基数):描述每个参与实体的可能的关系数目。
15. Centralized approach(集中化方法,用于数据库设计):将每个用户试图的需求合并成新数据库应用程序的一个需求集合16. Chasm trap(深坑陷阱):假设实体间存在一根,但某些实体间不存在通路。
17. Client(客户端):向一个或多个服务器请求服务的软件应用程序。
18. Clustering field(群集字段):记录总的任何用于群集(集合)航记录的非键字段,这些行在这个字段上有相同的值。
19. Clustering index(群集索引):在文件的群集字段上定义的索引。
一个文件最多有一个主索引或一个群集索引。
20. Column(列):参加属性(attribute)。
21. Complex relationship(复杂关系):度数大于2的关系。
22. Composite attribute(复合属性):由多个简单组件组成的属性。
23. Composite key(复合键):包含多个列的主健。
24. Concurrency control(并发控制):在多用户环境下同时执行多个十五并保证数据完整性的一个DBMS服务。
25. Constraint(约束):数据库不允许包含错误数据的一致性规则。
26. Data conversion and loading(数据转换和加载):数据库应用生命周期重的一个阶段,包括转换现有数据到新数据库中以及酱下耨应用程序转换到新的数据库上运行。
27. Data dictionary(数据字典):参见系统目录(system catalog)。
28. Data independence(数据独立性):使用数据的应用程序的数据描述部分。
这意味着,如果将新的数据结构添加到数据库中,或者数据库中现有的结构被修改了,那么使用此数据库的就会受到影响,除非应用程序不直接依赖于被修改的部分。
29. Data model(数据模型):描述数据、数据间关系以及数据的约束的概念的一个集成的集合。
30. Data redundancy(数据冗余):参见冗余数据(redundant data)。
31. Data security(数据安全):包括对数据库对象(如表和视图)的访问和使用以及用户可以在这些对象上实施的操作。
32. Database(数据库):是逻辑上相关的数据(以及这些数据的描述)的一个共享的集合,用于解决公司对信息的需求。
33. Database design(数据库设计):数据库应用生命周期中的一个阶段,包括创建一个支持公司的操作和目标的数据库的设计。
34. Database integrity(数据库完整性):指存储数据的正确定和一致性。
完整性通常用约束来表达。
35. Database Management System,DBMS(数据库管理系统):一个能够让用户定义、创建和维护数据库并控制对数据库的访问的软件系统。
36. Database planning(数据库规划):能尽可能有效的实现数据库应用的各阶段的管理活动。
37. Database server(数据库服务器):同服务器。
38. DBMS engine(DBMS引擎):同服务器。
39. DBMS selection(DBMS选择):数据库应用生命周期中的一个阶段,包括选择一个合适的DBMS来支持数据库应用。
40. Degree of a relationship(关系的度):一个关系中参与的实体的个数。
41. Denormalization(反规范化):形式上,这个术语指的是对基本表结构的修改,这样新的表比原始的表的规范化程度要低。
但也可以用此属于更宽泛地形容将两个表和并成一个新表的情形,而这个新表与原来的表具有相同的范式,但比原表包含更多的空值。
42. Derived attribute(派生属性):表示其值可以从一个相关属性和属性集的值派生得到的属性,这个属性在实体中不是必须的。
43. Design methodology(设计方法学):一种结构化的方法,它使用过程、工具和文档来支持和简化设计过程。
44. Disjoint constraint(无连接约束):描述子类的成员间的关系,并指明超类某个成员是否有可能成为一个或多个子类的成员。
45. Domain(域):一个或多个属性的取值范围。
46. Entity(实体):具有相同性质的对象的集合,它是由用户或公司标识并可独立存在的。
47. Entity integrity(实体完整性):在一个基本表中,主健列的值不能为空。
48. Entity occurrence(实体出现):实体中的一个唯一可标识的对象。
49. Entity-Relationship model(实体关系模型):公司的实体、属性和关系的详细逻辑表示。
50. Fact-finding(事实发现):使用诸如面谈和提问等技术收集关于系统的事实、需求和性能的形式化过程。
51. Fan trap(扇形陷阱):但从第三个实体扇出的两个实体有1:*关系时出现扇形陷阱,但这两个实体在他们之间应该有直接关系以提供必要的信息。
52. Field(字段):同元组(Tuple)。
53. File(文件):存储在副主存储器中的相关记录的一个命名集合。
54. File-based system(基于文件的系统):一个文件集合,用来管理(创建、插入、删除、更新和检索)一个或多个文件中的数据,并产生基于这些文件中的数据的应用(通常是报表)。
55. File organization(文件组织):当文件存储在磁盘上时,对文件中的记录的安排方式。
56. First normal form(1NF,第一范式):表中的每个列的交叉处以及记录包含切进包含一个值的表。
57. Foreign key(外健):一个表中的一个列或者多个列的集合,这些列匹配某些其他(也可能是同一个)表中的候选键。
58. 4GL, Fourth-Generation Language(第四代语言):一种非过程化语言,比如SQL,他只需要用户定义必须完成什么操作,4GL负责将所进行的操作翻译成如何实现这些操作。
59. Full functional dependency(完全函数依赖):一个列在功能上依赖于复合主健,但不依赖于主健的任何一个子集的条件。
60. Functional dependency(函数依赖):描述表中列之间的关系。
61. Generalization(泛化):通过标识实体间的公共特征使实体间差别最小化的过程。
62. Generalization hierarchy(泛化层次结构):同类型层次(type hierarchy)。
63. Global data model(全局数据模型):代表整个公司(和被模型化的公司的一部分)的数据模型。
64. Implementation(实现):数据库应用生命周期中的一个阶段,包括数据库和应用程序设计的物理实现。
65. Index(索引):一种允许DBMS将特定的记录更快的放置到文件中,从而加快对用户查询的响应的数据结构。
66. Infomation system(信息系统):能够在整个公司范围内收集、管理、控制和分发数据/信息的资源。
67. Inheritance(继承):参见属性继承(attribute inheritance)。
68. Integrity constaints(完整性约束):防止出现数据库中的数据不一致的约束。
69. IS-A hierarchy(IS-A层次结构):同类型层次结构(type hierarchy)。
70. Local logical data model(局部逻辑数据模型):代表特定用户视图或用户视图的组合的数据模型。
71. Logical database design(逻辑数据库设计):基于特定的数据模型构建公司的数据的模型的过程,但不依赖于特定的DBMS以及其他的物理条件。
72. Meta-data(元数据):关于数据的数据,参见系统目录(system catalog)。
73. Mision objective(使命目标):标识数据库必须支持的特定任务。
74. Mission statement(使命语句):定义数据库应用程序的主要目标。
75. Multiplicity(多样性):定义与某个相关实体的一次出现有关的实体的出现数目。
76. Multi-valued attribute(多值属性):为一个实体的出现保存多个值的属性。
77. Nonkey attribute/column(非键属性/列):不是键的一部分的属性/列。
78. Normal forms(范式):规范化过程的一个阶段。