TEM4阅读技巧总结
专四阅读训练方法
专四阅读训练方法
专四阅读训练方法主要包括以下步骤:
1. 词汇积累:阅读理解的第一步就是词汇积累,专四考试对词汇量有一定要求,考生需熟练掌握一定数量的词汇。
可以通过背单词书籍、记忆卡片等方式进行词汇积累。
2. 理解长难句:长难句是阅读理解中的一大难点,考生需要通过大量的练习和精读来提高长难句的理解能力。
3. 掌握阅读技巧:阅读理解不仅要求理解文章内容,还需要掌握一定的阅读技巧,如略读、扫读、预测答案等。
这些技巧可以通过做阅读理解练习和参加阅读技巧课程来提高。
4. 多做真题:历年真题是了解考试形式和考试内容的最好方式,通过多做真题,考生可以熟悉考试难度和题型,找到自己的薄弱环节,有针对性地进行改进。
5. 模拟考试:模拟考试可以帮助考生熟悉考试流程和时间限制,提高答题效率,避免因为时间不够或流程不熟悉而影响成绩。
6. 反思与总结:每次练习或模拟考试后,考生应该对自己的答案进行反思和总结,找出自己的不足之处,有针对性地进行改进。
以上是专四阅读训练的一些方法,希望对你有所帮助。
同时建议寻找一位经验丰富的老师或导师进行指导,他们的经验和技巧将对你的备考过程起到重要的推动作用。
专四阅读的方法与技巧
专四阅读的方法与技巧
专四阅读是考生备战专四考试中的一项重要任务。
为了顺利通过专四阅读部分,考生需要掌握一些方法和技巧,以提高阅读理解的能力。
以下是一些可以帮助考生提高专四阅读能力的方法和技巧。
首先,建立良好的阅读习惯非常重要。
考生应该每天坚持阅读英语文章,包括新闻、小说、杂志等,以提升词汇量和阅读速度。
同时,考生还可以阅读专门为专四准备的阅读材料,熟悉专四考试的题型和难度。
其次,要注重理解文章的整体结构和主旨。
考生在阅读时应注意文章的开头和结尾,这些部分通常会包含文章的主旨和核心观点。
了解文章的结构可以帮助考生更好地理解文章的内容,并更容易回答相关的问题。
另外,考生需要学会运用上下文推测词义。
在阅读时,会遇到一些生词,考生可以通过上下文中的其他信息来猜测这些生词的意思。
这样不仅可以帮助考生更好地理解文章,还可以提高词汇的运用能力。
此外,考生还应该注重细节和关键信息的捕捉。
专四阅读题常常会涉及到文章中的细节或者关键信息,考生需要有良好的注意力和观察力来找到这些信息。
可以通过划线、做笔记等方式来帮助记忆这些信息,
以便在回答问题时更准确地引用。
最后,考生需要进行大量的练习。
通过做专四阅读的模拟题和历年真题,考生可以熟悉专四考试的题型和要求,同时也可以提高阅读理解的能力。
练习还可以帮助考生找到自己的弱点,及时进行针对性的复习和提高。
总之,通过建立良好的阅读习惯、注重文章结构和主旨、推测词义、捕捉细节和关键信息以及进行大量的练习,考生可以提高专四阅读的能力,更好地应对考试。
TEM4阅读理解应试方法与技巧
Which of the following aspects is INCORRECT about the ________?
His changes of manner did
not offend me, because I saw that I had nothing to do with the cause of them.
technology has been
working well for me at the office,表明选项D也是正 确说法。
suggest fake chatting about fake business:,由此推断, fake foning是避免同事的策 略,故选项A为答案。
如果段落很长,则再快速 浏览中间的任意一行文字。 略读的方法不是一成不变 的,要视具体文章而定。
409 443 598 337
2007
1.议论文
2.记叙文 3.记叙文
租房的利弊
个人搭便车经历 老挝购衣经历
3
5 6
203
492 577
4.议论文
学生学期是否应该延 6 长
427
2006
1.议论文 2.议论文 3.小说 4.说明文
移动电话 英国社会阶级观念 《简爱》节选 人性化电脑
5 5 5 5
385 421 457 330
2005
1.记叙文 2.说明文
读书成长、成功的经 5 历 美国迪士尼公司 4
536 385
3.议论文
4.说明文
音乐
情商
5
6
421
457
骤
解题步骤
浏览试题,明确目标
略读(skimming)全文,掌握大意
英语专四阅读技巧
英语专四阅读技巧英语专业四级考试(TEM-4,Test for English Majors-Band 4),全称为全国高校英语专业四级考试。
自1991年起由中国大陆教育部实行,考察全国综合性大学英语专业学生。
考试内容涵盖英语听、说、读、写四个方面。
口试自1998年开始正式实施,需另行报名。
英语专四阅读技巧1.找出段落的中心思想任何阅读材料都有主要意思,即大意(main idea)。
文字材料的大意有不同的层次。
一个比较长的句子可以说很多事情,但一般只有一个大意,可以用几个词概括;一个段落包括很多句子,但也只有一个大意,通常是段落的主题句(topic sentence)包含段落的大意。
通常人们说“大意”指的是整篇材料的中心思想。
2.如何对待阅读中的词汇问题阅读过程中不可避免地要遇到生词。
大纲中规定允许有3%的生词,也就是说2000个词中允许有60左右的生词,但一般不会有这么多的生词。
有的人一遇到生词就停下来查字典,有的则读完一两页后查字典,有的人则完全不管生词。
其实阅读中遇到生词只要不影响你对篇章主要意思的理解,一般应该继续往下读。
如果生词的确影响你对内容的理解,查字典当然是一种办法,但很不方便,而且频繁地查字典不仅影响阅读速度,而且影响对文章内容的整体理解。
所以在平时阅读时,遇生词最好的方法是通过上下文猜测。
以下几条建议可帮助你猜测词义:(1)看看上下文中有没有生词的另一种说法,即找同义词。
有时上下文会对一个生词作解释,或者提供一些暗示。
(2)看看生词在文章中的词性,即看这个词是名词、动词、形容词、副词或其他词类。
另外再看看这个词在文中与哪些词搭配使用,再根据自己的其他知识,就可以进行正确的猜测。
(3)分析生词的构成,尤其是词的前缀和后缀。
英语中很多词都是加前缀或后缀而变来的。
比如你认识这两个词write和similar,根据前缀re-和后缀-ity的含义,你就可以准确地猜出rewrite和similarity这两个词的意思。
2024年大学英语四级阅读技巧
大学英语四级阅读技巧一、引言二、快速阅读技巧1.提高词汇量:四级阅读涉及大量词汇,考生需要在短时间内快速理解文章内容。
因此,积累足够的词汇量是提高阅读速度和理解能力的基础。
考生应充分利用课余时间,通过阅读英文文章、记忆单词等方式,不断扩大自己的词汇量。
2.学会略读:略读是一种快速获取文章主旨和框架的阅读方法。
在阅读过程中,考生应迅速浏览文章的、首段、尾段以及每段的首句和尾句,以把握文章的主题和结构。
同时,注意文章中的转折、递进等关联词,以帮助理解文章的逻辑关系。
3.提高阅读速度:四级考试阅读部分的时间有限,考生需要在短时间内阅读大量的文章。
因此,提高阅读速度至关重要。
考生可通过阅读英文文章、进行快速阅读训练等方式,逐步提高自己的阅读速度。
三、精读技巧1.仔细阅读题目:在精读文章之前,考生应仔细阅读题目,了解文章的主题和出题方向。
这有助于考生在阅读过程中有针对性地寻找答案,提高答题效率。
2.理解长难句:四级阅读文章中经常出现长难句,考生需要具备一定的语法知识和阅读技巧,才能准确理解句子含义。
在阅读过程中,考生可先找出句子的主干,再分析从句和修饰成分,逐步理解整个句子。
3.推理判断:四级阅读题目中,有些需要考生根据文章内容进行推理判断。
考生在阅读过程中,应注意文章中的因果、转折、比较等逻辑关系,学会从字面意义推断出文章的隐含意义。
四、答题技巧1.仔细审题:在答题过程中,考生应仔细审题,确保自己理解了题目的要求。
同时,注意题目中的关键词,以便在文章中迅速找到答案。
2.选项对比:在阅读理解题目中,考生需要对四个选项进行对比,找出正确答案。
在对比过程中,考生应关注选项之间的差异,避免因为粗心大意而选错答案。
3.排除法:在解答阅读理解题目时,考生可先排除明显错误的选项,再从剩余的选项中寻找正确答案。
这种方法有助于提高答题速度和准确率。
五、总结大学英语四级阅读技巧是提高四级考试成绩的关键。
考生在备考过程中,应注重提高词汇量、阅读速度和理解能力,掌握快速阅读和精读技巧,并在答题过程中灵活运用各种答题方法。
英语专四阅读简答题答题技巧
英语专四阅读简答题答题技巧
第一步,读问题,划出标志词或关键词
快速浏览题目,对专四阅读简答题目有大概印象以便阅读时有侧重点。
一般来说,对于本身已经明确其考查内容的题目,标志词和关键词是比较容易找到的,只看一下题干即可,而对于那些并没有出现标志词和关键词的`题目,如:The autho r suggests that,可以在解答试题时浏览选项作出解答
第二步,略读文章
在略读中,首先阅读第一段,因为第一段通常会告诉我们作者将要讨论的话题。
然后阅读下面各段的第一句话,以对每个段落的内容有大概的了解,然后再阅读最后一段,以帮助我们对文章内容进行概括,或了解作者的评价、态度等。
第三步,解答试题
根据试题中的标志词和关键词,找到试题在文章中对应的句子,并对其进行仔细阅读,然后进行作答。
英语专四阅读做题技巧
英语专四阅读做题技巧1、英语专业四级阅读理解做题的基本思路,看家本领:答案定位法,说来大家都懂,很俗的名字,不俗的内涵。
首先命题人命题是有规矩的,不是东一榔头西一棒的出题。
一般每篇文章的5个命题点分布是有顺序的,就象排队买票一样,认识这一点很重要,对问题答案的定位有直接帮助。
一般第一题大家很明确,答案应该文章开头,不管是第一还上第几段。
往往难题(答案难定位的难题),出现在下面的几个题中。
当然不会成串出现,当你被第2题困住时,可以不要急于蒙答案,先看看下面一题,问题所问的位置,这样推理上一题考察的段落或语句的位置。
定位问题解决,可以很容易排除于该段内容不相干的.干扰项了,这种干扰项设置往往是文章的原句,大家猜答案的首选。
2、观点勾画法:3、点对点法:阅读考察的不仅是精读能力,还有考生的阅读速度,解题速度。
提高整体阅读和解题速度,拿到试卷先略看5个问题是很必要的!备选项先不要看,只看题干部分,重要做这几件事:1)看看这是什么类型的文章(时效性强的新闻报道在近几年的考研英语常考,通过问题题干知道文章类型后,题目比较好解了);2)看有无细节题,直接到文章中准确定位,点对点去处理。
有不少细节题会问你文中某人一句话的内涵,答案一定在附近找,不要到处搜索了;3)特别关注词汇直接命题的,不要草率处理,比如问你"judge"在文章中的意思最接近什么。
看似细节题,却往往考察你宏观把握文章主旨的能力,一定要心里有数,站在全文的高度去选择,这种题目的干扰项很多是表面词义的解释,文中临近词的替换等,正确答案往往是引申的含义。
4、合理蒙猜:见过真题中一篇文章,5个选项中有3个以上是同一个选择的吗?就是比如一篇中有3个选A或4个A的?一般命题者为了避免有同学一篇都选一种选项,会故意避免太多重复的选择项的。
不过,大家切记,现在一篇文章中出现2对同样答案的几率很大,不要以为5个答案一定是ABCDX(X是ABCD中任意一个)的全排!。
TEM-4 阅读理解解析 (二) Hong
TEM-4 Reading Comprehension (二)TEM-4 Reading Comprehension (二)By Hong DanProcedures一、阅读的22种技巧一、阅读的二、定位分析的55种技巧二、定位分析的三、正确选项的55种设置规律三、正确选项的四、干扰项的99种设置规律四、干扰项的Tips五、五、 Tips六、六、 书目推荐一、阅读的一、阅读的22种技巧 略读(略读(skimming)skimming)skimming):掌握主旨:掌握主旨又称跳读,是一种专门的、非常实用的快速阅读方法。
主要是主要是跳过细节,有选择性的阅读。
跳过细节,有选择性的阅读。
一方面,尽可能快地获取文章主旨大意或中心意思;另一方面,辨识问题,掌握结构。
具体做法是:1. 1. 利用文章的利用文章的利用文章的标题、副标题、小标题、斜体词、黑体词、标点符号标题、副标题、小标题、斜体词、黑体词、标点符号对文章进行预测;2. 2. 重点关注文章重点关注文章重点关注文章开头开头开头;;3. 3. 阅读段落的主阅读段落的主阅读段落的主题句和结论句题句和结论句题句和结论句。
段落长时可适当阅读其中某一到两行,加强理解;。
段落长时可适当阅读其中某一到两行,加强理解;4. 4. 注意注意注意转折词和序列词转折词和序列词转折词和序列词等衔接关系的标志。
等衔接关系的标志。
扫读(扫读(scannning)scannning)scannning):定位以获取特定、关键的信息:定位以获取特定、关键的信息又称寻读,是一种从大量的资料中迅速查找某一项具体事实或某一项特定的信息,如人物、时间、事件、地点等。
这种方法尤其适用事实细节题的查找。
总的来说,略读时,读者事先对材料一无所知;而扫读是读者在略读之后,根据已知的文章大意与结构,按照题目要求确定所需特定、关键信息的位置从而找到正确的答案。
一、阅读的一、阅读的22种技巧二、定位分析的二、定位分析的55种技巧1. 1. 利用逻辑信号词与题干的实词定位利用逻辑信号词与题干的实词定位2. 2. 利用长词、难词、生词迅速定位利用长词、难词、生词迅速定位3. 3. 巧妙结合主题与关键词定位巧妙结合主题与关键词定位4. 4. 利用特殊标点符号定位利用特殊标点符号定位5. 5. 利用出题顺序定位利用出题顺序定位The Nazca "lines" of Peru were discovered in the 1930s. These lines are deeply carved into a flat, stony plain, and form about 300 intricate pictures of animals such as birds, a monkey, and a lizard. Seen at ground level, the designs are a jumbled senseless mess. The images are so large that they can only be viewed at a height of 1,000 feet — meaning from an aircraft.Q: According to the passage, the Nazca lines were found ______.A. in mountains.B. in stones.C. on animals.D. on a plain.2010 Text BD2011 Text BBiologists offer a theory about this primal impulse to clean out every drawer and closet in the house at spring's first light, which has to do with melatonin, the sleepy timehormone(激素)our bodies produce when it's dark. When spring's light comes, the melatonin diminishes, and suddenly we are awakened to the dusty, virus-filled house we've been hibernating in for four months.Q: Which of the following interpretations of the biologists' theory about melatonin is INCORRECT?A. The production of melatonin in our bodies varies at different timesB. Melatonin is more likely to cause sleepiness in our bodiesC. The reduction of melatonin will cause wakefulness in our bodiesD. The amount of melatonin remains constant in our bodiesD2007 Text AIf you like the idea of staying with a family, living in a house might be the answer. Good landladies---those who are superb cooks and launderers, are figures as popular in fiction as the bad ones who terrorize their guest and overcharge them at the slightest opportunity. The truth is probably somewhere between the two extremes. If you are lucky, the food will be adequate, some of your laundry may be done for you and you will have a reasonable amount of comfort and companionship .For the less fortune ,house rules may restrict the freedom to invite friends to visit, and shared cooking and bathroom facilities can be frustrating and row-provoking if tidy and untidy guests are living under the same roof.The same disadvantages can apply to flat sharing, with the added difficulties that arise from deciding who pays for what, and in what proportion. One person may spend hours on the phone, while another rarely makes calls. If you want privacy with guest , how do you persuade the others to go out; howdo you persuade them to leave you in peace, especially if you are student and want to study?Conversely, flat sharing can be very cheap, there will always be someone to talk to and go out with, and the chores, in theory, can be shared.A Q: What is NOT mentioned as a benefit of flat sharing?A. There is peace and quiet.B. There is companionship.C. Housework.D. Rent is affordable2005 Text DWhat should you do to relieve rage?One myth is that ventilating willmake you feel better. In fact,researchers have found that's one of the worst strategies. A more effective technique is “reframingreframing””,which means consciously reinterpreting a situation in a more positive light.In the case of the driver who cuts you off,you might tell yourself:Maybe he had some emergency. This is one of the most potent waysTice found, to put anger to rest.BQ: The essence ofQ: The essence of ““reframingreframing”” isA. to forget the unpleasant situation.B. to adopt a positive attitude.C. to protect oneself properly.D. to avoid road accidents.2008 Text C"What can I do to keep it from happening again?"He smiled the empty smile we'd seen all day. "Absolutely nothing."After telling several friends about our ordeal, probably the most frequent advice I've heard in response is to change my name. Twenty years ago, my own graduate school writing professor advised me to write under a pen name so that publishers wouldn't stick me in what he called "the ethnic ghetto" –– a separate, secondary shelf in thecalled "the ethnic ghetto"bookstore. But a name is an integral part of anyone's personal and professional identity-just like the town you're born in and the place where you're raised.Like my father, I'll keep the name, but my airport experience has given me a whole new perspective on what diversity and tolerance are supposed to mean. I had no idea that being an American would ever be this hard.Q1. We learn from the passage that the author would ____ toprevent similar experience from happening again.A. write to the agencyB. change her nameC. avoid traveling abroadD. do nothingQ2. Her experiences indicate that there still exists ____ in the US.A. hatredB. discriminationC. toleranceD. diversityQ3. The author sounds ____in the last paragraph.A. impatientB. bitterC. worriedD. ironicD B D三、正确选项的三、正确选项的55种设置规律1. 1. 同义替换同义替换2. 2. 与文章主题相关与文章主题相关3. 3. 概括或归纳概括或归纳4. 4. 正话反说正话反说5. 5. 50%50%50%的选择规律的选择规律2006 Text BThe stereotype of what a middle-class man did with his money wasand still is –– inclined to take a longer-term perhaps nearer the truth. He was ––and still isperhaps nearer the truth. He wasview. Not only did he regard buying a house of these provided him and his family with security. Only in very few cases did workers have the opportunity (or the education and training) to make such long-term plans.AQ: The writer seems to suggest that the description of ____ is closer to truth?A. middleA. middle ––class ways of spending moneyB. working-class ways of spending the weekendC. working-class drinking habitsD. middle-class attitudes2008 Text BIn an article some Chinese scholars are described as being "tantalized by the mysterious dragon bone hieroglyphics." Tantalized is one of many English words that have their origins in myths and legends of the past (in this case, Greek and Roman ones). ...Many common words, such as the names for the days of the week and the months of the year, also come from mythology....It seems that myths and legends live on in the English Language.BQ: The example of tantalize is to show ____.A. how Tantalus was punished in the lower worldB. how the word came into existenceC. how all English dictionaries show word originsD. how the meaning of the word changed over the years2011 Text CThese days, doing omiai often means going to a computer matching service rather than to a nakodo. The nakodo of tradition was an old woman who knew all the kids in the neighbourhood and went around trying to pair them off by speaking to their parents; a successful match would bring her a wedding invitation and a gift of money. But Japanese today find it's less awkward to reject a proposed if the nakodo is a computer.Japan has about five hundred computer matching services. Some big companies, including Mitsubishi, run one for their employees. At a typical commercial service, an applicant pays $80 to $125 to have his or her personal data stored in the computer for two years and $200 or so more if a marriage results. The stored information includes some obvious items, like education and hobbies, and some not-so-obvious ones, like whether a person is the oldest child. (First sons, and to some extent first daughters, face an obligation of caring for elderly parents.)CQ: What is the purpose of the last paragraph?A. To tell the differences between an old and modern nakodoB. To provide some examples for the traditional nakodoC. To offer more details of the computerized nakodoD. To sum up the main ideas and provide a conclusion2008 Text DIn fact, personality is not the best predictor of who does it well. Regardless of what you are like in real life, the key seems to be to act yourself.DWhat is the author's view on personality?A. Personality is the key to success in public speaking.B. Extroverts are better public speakers.C. Introverts have to learn harder to be good speakers.D. Factors other than personality ensure better performance.2011 Text BBiologists offer a theory about this primal impulse to clean out every drawer and closet in the house at spring's first light, which has to do with melatonin, the sleepy time hormone(激素)our bodies produce when it's dark. When spring's light comes, the melatonin diminishes, and suddenly we are awakened to the dusty, virus-filled house we've been hibernating in for four months.Q: Which of the following interpretations of the biologists' theory about melatonin is INCORRECT? A. The production of melatonin in our bodies varies at different timesB. Melatonin is more likely to cause sleepiness in our bodiesC. The reduction of melatonin will cause wakefulness in our bodiesD. The amount of melatonin remains constant in our bodiesD四、干扰项的四、干扰项的99种设置规律 1. 1. 字面意义字面意义2. 2. 轻重异位、答非所问轻重异位、答非所问3. 3. 断章取义断章取义断章取义、偷换概念、偷换概念4. 4. 张冠李戴、鱼目混珠张冠李戴、鱼目混珠5. 5. 缺少依据缺少依据6. 6. 以偏概全以偏概全7.7.宽泛笼统宽泛笼统8. 8. 表述绝对表述绝对9. 9. 直接相反直接相反2006 Text COne evening, several days later, I was invited to talk to Mr. Rochester after dinner. He was sitting in his armchair, and looked not quite so severe, and much less gloomy. There was a smile on his lips, and his eyes were bright, probably with wine. As I was looking at him, he suddenly turned, and asked me, "do you think I'm handsome, Miss Eyre?"The answer somehow slipped from my tongue before I realized it: 'No, sir.""Ah, you really are unusual! You are a quiet, serious little person, but you can be almost rude." "Sir, I'm sorry. I should have said that beauty doesn't matter, or something like that,""No, you shouldn't! I see, you criticize my appearance, and then you stab me in the back! You have honesty and feeling. There are not many girls like you. But perhaps I go too fast. Perhaps you have awaful faults to counterbalance your few good points.Why did Mr. Rochester say "... and the you stab me in the back!" in the last para.?A. because Jane had intended to kill him with a knifeB. because Jane had intended to be more critical.C. because Jane had regretted having talked to himD. because Jane had said something else to correct herself.B2008 Text CMy heart sank when the man at the immigration counter gestured to the back room. I'm an American born and raised, and this was Miami, where I live, but they weren't quite ready to let me in yet."Please wait in here, Ms Abujaber," the immigration officer said. My husband, with his very American last name, accompanied me. He was getting used to this. The same thing had happened recently in Canada when I'd flown to Montreal to speak at a book event. That time they held me for 45 minutes. Today we were returning from a literary festival in Jamaica, and I was startled that I was being sent "in back" once again.The officer behind the counter called me up and said, "Miss, your name looks like the name of someone who's on our wanted list. We're going to have to check you out with Washington." "How long will it take?""Hard to say... a few minutes," he said. "We'll call you when we're ready for you."After an hour, Washington still hadn't decided anything about me. "Isn't this computerized?"I asked at the counter. "Can't you just look me up?"Just a few more minutes, they assured me.After an hour and a half, I pulled my cell phone out to call the friends I was supposed to meet that evening. An officer rushed over. "No phones!" he said. "For all we know you could be calling a terrorist cell and giving them information."Q: The author was held at the airport because _____.A. she and her husband returned from Jamaica.B. her name was similar to a terrorist's.C. she had been held in Montreal.D. she had spoken at a book event.BAround 7 pm on the evening of December 19th, 1827, keeper John Whalton was tending to his lightship, a sort of mobile lighthouse. He was anchored a few miles off Key Largo when, he said later, " I saw the flash and heard the report of seven or eight guns.Whalton was about to witness the tragic ending of a desperate chase in the waters offwhat was then the US Territory of Florida. The Guerrero, with hundreds of Africans enchained in its hold and crewed by 90 spaniards who were little more than pirates, was fleeing the Nimble, a British warship that was enforcing the international ban on slave trade.Q: What is true about John Whalton?A. He was serving the army at the time when the tragedy happenedB. Hardly had he seen the flash when he was notified of the conditionC. Both the Guerrero and the Nimbel were in the view of JohnD. The lightship where he was on duty anchored just a few miles from the Guerrero 仿真题C2007 Text DThe kids are hanging out. I pass small bands of students, in my way to work these mornings. They have become a familiar part of the summer landscape.These kids are not old enough for jobs. Nor are they rich enough for camp. They are school children without school. The calendar called the school year ran out on them a few weeks ago. Once supervised by teachers andprincipals, they now appear to be principals, they now appear to be ““self care self care””.Q: Which of the following is an opinion of the author Q: Which of the following is an opinion of the author’’s? A. A. ““The kids are hanging out.The kids are hanging out.”” B. B. ““They are school children without school.They are school children without school.”” C. C. ““These kids are not old enough for jobs.These kids are not old enough for jobs.”” D. D. ““The calendar called the school year ran out on them a few weeks ago.The calendar called the school year ran out on them a few weeks ago.””A2009 Text ADo you realize that every time you take a step, the bones in your hip are subjected to forces between four and five times your body weight? When you are running, this force is increased further still. What happens if through disease a hip-joint ceases to be able to resist such forces? For many years hip-joints and other body joints have been replaceable either partially or completely. It is after all a simple ball and socket joint; it has certain loads imposed on it; it needs reliability over a defined life; it must contain materials suitable for the working environment. Any engineer will recognize these as characteristic of a typical engineering problem, which doctors and engineers have worked together to solve, in order to bring a fresh lease of life to people who would otherwise be disabled.Q: Engineers regard the replacement of hip-joints as a(n) ____ Problem.A. mechanicalB. medicalC. healthD. agricultural A2008 Text AWhen the sun is up in Amsterdam, the largest city in the Netherlandssits quietly on the Amstel River. You can rent a bicycle, visit the Van Gogh or Anne Frank museum, or take a water taxi.But when the sun goes down, the partying begins. In the big clubs and in coffee shops, tourists gather to hang out, talk politics and smoke.81. At the beginning of the passage, the author indicates that ________.A. Amsterdam is generally known as a quiet cityB. parties go on all day long in AmsterdamC. Amsterdam presents two different picturesD. Amsterdam attracts many daytime visitors C2006 Text DThe ideal companion machine-the computer-would not only look, feel, and sound friendly but would also be programmed to behave in a pleasant manner. Those qualities that make interaction comfortable, and yet the machine would remain slightly unpredictable and therefore interesting. In its first encounter it might be somewhat hesitant, but as it came to know the user it would progress to a more relaxed and intimate style. The machine would not be a passive participant but would add its own suggestions, information, and opinions; it would sometimes take the initiative in developing or changing the topic and would have a personality of its own.Friendships are not made in a day, and the computer would be more acceptable as a friend if it imitated the gradual changes that occur when one person is getting to know another. At an appropriate time it might also express the kind of affection that stimulates attchment and intimacy. The whole process would be accomplished in a subtle way to avoid giving an impression of over-familiarity that would be likely to produce irritation. After experiencing a wealth of powerful, well-timed friendship indicators, the user would be very likely to accept the computer as far more than a machine and might well come to regard it as a friend.An artificial relationship of this type would provide many of the benefits that could continuefrom previous discussions. It would have a familiarity with the user's life as revealed in earliercontact, and it would be understanding and good-humored. The computer's own personality would be lively and impressive,and it would develop in response to that of the user. With features such asthese, the machine might indeed become a very attractive social partner.Q: Which might be the most appropriate title of the passage?A. ArtiA. Artificial relationships.ficial relationships.B. How to form intimate relationshipsC. The affectionate machineD. Humans and computers C2007 Text BA few years ago, I was asked the same question about hitching in a column of a newspaper. Hundreds of people from all over the world responded with their view on the state of hitchhiking .Rural Ireland was recommended as a friendly place for hitching, as was Quebec, Canada-Quebec, Canada-““if you don if you don’’t mind being criticized for not speaking French t mind being criticized for not speaking French””. But while hitchhiking was clearly still alive and well in some places ,the general feeling was that throughout much of the west it was doomed.Q: What is the current situation of hitchhiking?A. It is popular in some parts of the world.B. It is popular throughout the west.C. It is popular C. It is popular only only only in in in Ire Ire Ireland.land. D. It is still popular in Poland. A2011 Text CThese days lots of young Japanese do omiai, literally, "meet and look." Many of them do so willingly. In today's prosperous and increasingly conservative Japan, the traditional omiai kekkon, or arranged marriage,is thriving.But there is a difference. In the original omiai, the young Japanese couldn't reject the partner chosen by his parents and their middleman. After WW Ⅱ, many Japanese abandoned the arranged marriage as part of their rush to adopt the more democratic ways of their American conquerors. The Western ren'ai kekkon, or love marriage, became popular; Japanese began picking their own mates by dating and falling in love.But the western way was often found wanting in an important aspect: it didn't necessarily produce a partner of the right economic, social and educational qualifications. "Today's young people are quite calculating," says Chieko Akiyama, a social commentator.AQ: Which of the following statements is CORRECT?A. A Western love marriage tends to miss some Japanese valuesB. Less attention is paid to the partner's qualifications in arranged marriageC. Young Japanese would often calculate their partner's wealthD. A new arranged marriage is a repetition of the older type.Tips一、克服不良阅读习惯:1. “指读”。
英语专四考试阅读理解解题技巧
英语专四考试阅读理解解题技巧英语专四考试阅读项目是对考生在英语阅读能力方面的检验,要求学生在考试中充分展示自己真实的阅读水平。
所以要想取得好成绩,就需要我们平时勤学苦练,从掌握阅读技巧的基本方法着手,逐步、有效地提高阅读能力。
以下是店铺为大家搜索整理的英语专四考试阅读理解解题技巧,希望对正在关注的您有所帮助!正式阅读前的预读要进行英语阅读,必须首先具有一定的词汇量(包括固定词组)和语法积累。
但是这并不等于阅读就过了关;我们还必须掌握一定的阅读方法或技巧,才能对原文有更准确和深刻的理解。
特别在阅读一些不大熟悉的材料时,阅读技巧就显得尤为重要,正式阅读前的预读就是首先应该掌握的技巧。
有些学生不管在平时还是在考试时,一拿到文章后,马上就开始仔细阅读文章中的每个句子。
因此往往一段读下来,还不知该文章的主题。
这样既费时,理解效果也不好。
比较可取的方法是: 在正式阅读前,先预读一遍,然后再细读每个句子。
如果不习惯通读全文,或者在考试中时间不允许,那么至少也应该读其中一段或几个句子,然后再逐句细读。
这样做的目的是为了了解全文或某一段的大致内容,既有利于读者根据上下文选择合适的词义,分析词和词、句和句之间的关系,也有利于读者根据文章内容涉及的领域、人物、地理等背景情况,从自己的头脑里调用相关的背景知识来帮助理解文章的内容,提高阅读效率。
事实上,通读和细读相结合本身就是基本阅读技巧之一。
在正式阅读一篇文章(尤其是较长篇幅的文章)之前,以下的步骤能帮助读者更有效地组织思路、理解原文: 仔细阅读文章的标题(如果有的话);阅读诸如副标题、斜体字、黑体字等内容,快速浏览图表、数字,以便了解主题内容和写作目的;阅读文章的第一段和以后各段的第一和最后一个句子,因为许多作者常常把他们要表达的中心大意放在段落的第一句或最后一句里;如果存在一个结论性的段落,也应仔细阅读。
通过预读方式,读者能基本了解文章的`中心大意,语言的难度,以及细读时可能会遇到的问题。
reading skill on TEM4
应先用
30秒左右的时间进行略读,其目的一是:以尽可能快的速度获
取文章主旨大意或中心思想;二是辨识文章体裁,掌握结构(如果是记 叙文,就需要了解故事发生的时间、地点、背景和人物活动等主要线索; 如果是议论文,就要弄清文章的中心论点以及论述内容)。略读完成后 就去看题干,这时有关文章主旨大意题已经有了答案,而对细节题要根 据题目的具体要求回到文章中再进行快速扫读以找到相应的信息。
1.浏览试题, 1.浏览试题,明确目标 浏览试题 在进行阅读之前,首先浏览短文后面的题目。看完试题题干和四个 选项后,分析掌握每道试题考查的内容和题型(如是主旨大意题、细节 理解题,还是推理分析题等),以便带着问题有目标地阅读短文,按照 相应的解题技巧寻找正确答案。
2.略读全文, 2.略读全文,掌握大意 略读全文 有效的阅读是先掌握全局,再寻求细节。略读(skimming)又称跳 读(reading and skipping)或浏览(glancing),是一种专门而实用的快速 阅读方法,主要特点是从文章的体裁入 文章的体裁入手,一般说来,说明 文中,作者的态度是客观的(objective)或中立的(neutral);而在议论文 中,作者的观点会表现出不同的倾向,如positive(肯定的),negative (否定的),optimistic(乐观的),pessimistic(悲观的),critical(批 评的),favourable(赞成的),unfavorable(不赞成的),indifferent (漠不关心的),ironical/sarcastic(讽刺的)等等。
5. 词汇语义题 词汇语义题主要考查学生对个别单词、短语和句子的理解,有 一定难度,通常要求考生通读上下文,综合各方面的知识后做出判断。 猜测词义的技巧不外乎两种:上下文语境法和利用词根词缀的构词法。 两者或单个使用,或结合起来使用。 上下文语境法: (1) 上下文语境法:利用文中所给的定义、同义词、相关信息、例证、 比较等。如: The science of meteorology is concerned with the study of the structure, state and behaviour of the atmosphere. 通过定义可知,meteorology是一门研究 大气结构、状态和属性的科学,即气象学。
英语专业四级阅读不同题型答题技巧
英语专业四级阅读不同题型答题技巧专四中出现的阅读理解题目都是选择题。
每道题有四个备选项,出题者一般会提供一个最佳答案(即正确选项),其余的干扰项可以包括同样正确但是不够全面的答案,与文中给出信息相反的答案和所答非所问的答案。
因此,在答题时,要根据提供选项的不同,采用多种方式解题和检验答案,这样才能提高准确率。
排除法、比较法、定位法等都是常见的技巧。
此外,还有一些窍门需要掌握。
首先,如果文章中出现标题和小标题,必须要仔细阅读,了解文章的脉络和论证思路,这样有助于解答主旨类的题目,特别是主旨类题目中常见的以偏概全的干扰项。
如果某一小标题或同义表述出现在主旨题的答案选项中,可以马上判断是错误选项,因为正确答案必须包含文章中的所有或大部分内容,绝不会只是其中的一部分。
其次,把握文章中出现的关键词和与其意义相近的词。
通常而言,为了避免语言的重复,文章作者反复提到同一主题时,出于修辞考虑,会使用不同的语汇,如果能够把握这一规律,就能够更好地推断生词的含义,一气呵成地读完全文。
同样,文章中对关键词所下的定义或判断也常常是考点,应该在阅读时就标出,方便解答细节题时在文中定位。
另外,还应该时刻关注文中出现的关联词,如表示并列和递进意义的“and, also, besides, too, again, in particular, after all, especially, in addition (to), similarly, likewise, as well as, apart from, except, furthermore, moreover, and then, not only ... but also..., even, besides this/ that...” ;表示意思转折的“unlike, on the contrary, by contrast, by comparison; compared with, like..., as...as..., in contrast, conversely, oppositely, ...than.., but, however, yet, though, although, even though, anyhow, anyway, in any case, on the other hand, despite, in spite of, otherwise, instead of, rather, whereas, nevertheless, nonetheless, alternatively, still...”;表示原因的“since, for, as, so, because (of ), due to, owing to, thanks to, the reason why...is that..., for the reason that, in other words, leads to, cause, for this/ that reason, therefore, thus, so that, as a result...”;表示结果的“as a result, thus, so, therefore, consequently, it follows that, thereby, eventually, then, in that case, admittedly” 等等。
专四阅读理解做题技巧
专四阅读理解做题技巧
专四阅读理解做题技巧如下:
1. 先看题干,明确问题。
再去阅读文章,针对性强。
2. 抓住关键词和短语。
在阅读过程中,注意标注关键词和短语,有助于理解文章和选择答案。
3. 关注上下文。
有些选项的答案其实在上下文中就可以找到。
所以要关注文章的上下文语境。
4. 选项比对。
确定正确答案的过程,也是比对选项的过程。
要逐个比对,找到最符合题意的选项。
5. 时间控制。
专四阅读理解时间比较紧,要充分利用每一分钟。
建议读完一篇短文后,再过一遍题目,然后再开始做题。
6. 习惯体位。
做专四阅读理解题时,最好保持一种平和、放松的心态,很舒服地坐在椅子上,使自己感到轻松、舒适。
7. 练习。
多做练习有助于提高阅读理解水平。
建议每天做一些阅读理解的练习,逐步提高自己的阅读水平和技巧。
2024年英语四级阅读技巧
学生的视幅小就是指阅读过程中不以意群或句子成分为单位,而是以单词或词组为单位。这样做不仅将部分的注意力分散于词形和词的发音上,而且增大了语音信息块的密度,引起不必要的耗损和摩擦,从而降低阅读效率。
4.逐词翻译
逐词翻译即一边读一边翻译单词,这是一种较普遍的阅读行为。有些同学是每个单词逐个翻译,速度和准确率都会降低。阅读的宗旨是培养语感,提高阅读的熟练程度和用外语解决问题,逐词翻译显然是不可取的。因此只有纠正和克服以上阅读的不良习惯,才能提高学生的阅读效率。"
为了使自己的观点更具有说服力,更加明确 ,作者常以具体的例子来佐证。这些例子或比喻常会成为考点,因此考生应对那些引出这些例子或比喻的标志词加以注意。这类词很多,常见的有as, such, for example, for instance, a case, in point 等。
3、 (指示)代词出现处常考
2.整体速读
阅读的目的是获取信息。阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力。没有一定的阅读速度就不能顺利地输入信息,更谈不上运用英语。近几年的高考阅读速度大约是每分钟40个单词左右。考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读,搜寻关键词、主题句,捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点,并理清文章脉络,把握语篇实质。
3.抓住主题
这是快速掌握文章大意的主要方法。主题句一般出现在文章的开头和结尾。用演绎法撰写的文章大都遵循从一般到个别的写作程序,即从概述开始,随之辅以细说。这时,主题句就是文章的第一句。当然也有些文章没有主题句,需要读者自己去归纳。主题句往往对全文起提示、启迪、概括、归纳的作用,主旨大意题,归纳概括题,中心思想题往往可以直接从主题句中找到答案。
TEM4阅读理解应试技巧
先看题目,还是先看文章? 有的考生在做阅读理解题的时候,喜欢先看题目
后读文章。他们认为这样会节省时间。
实际上: • 浪费时间。 • 不能集中注意力。 • 影响对文章整体的理解。
1.阅读文章开头几句时,要联想一下文章的大意: 文章是关于什么内容、写的谁、谈论什么事物等。
2.继续阅读文章时,要识别出文章的文体,即是科 普文章、文学作品,还是新闻报道或是别的;同时要 识别出作者的写作手法,文章是写给谁看的,作者是 带着一种什么样的感情写这篇文章的。
三、阅读理解题型、题材和语篇体裁分析 所选阅读材料的题材广泛,主要包括:社会生活、
科技、地理与历史、政治与经济、环境保护、教育与 文化、自然现象、健康与医疗、日常生活知识、人物 描写等。
体裁以议论文和说明文为主,兼有部分记叙文和 描写。阅读理解除了对学生语言能力有较高的要求外, 对文化背景等知识层面的要求也很高。
时间进行略读,其目的一是:以尽可能快的速度获取 文章主旨大意或中心思想;二是辨识文章体裁,掌握 结构(如果是记叙文,就需要了解故事发生的时间、 地点、背景和人物活动等主要线索;如果是议论文, 就要弄清文章的中心论点以及论述内容)。
略读完成后就去看题干,这时有关文章主旨大意 题已经有了答案,而对细节题要根据题目的具体要求 回到文章中再进行快速扫读以找到相应的信息。
【真题示例】(2009) Nowadays, a cellphone service is available to everyone, everywhere.
Probably thousands of people have already been using it, but I just discovered it, so I’m going to claim it and also name it: Fake Foning.
英语专四阅读理解技巧
英语专四阅读理解技巧英语专四阅读理解技巧在考试时全神贯注地投入阅读,分秒必争,克服急躁的情绪,注意合理分配有限的阅读时间。
按照先易后难的顺序答题,如果万一碰到个别难题,感到模棱两可,下面是店铺整理的相关内容,欢迎大家阅读参考!专四考试阅读技巧一:日常学习是关键在日常的学习中对精读与泛读二者兼顾,不可偏废。
一方面,不能只偏重精读,忽视阅读数量和阅读速度的提高,不要一遇到生词就迫不及待地翻查字典。
另一方面,又不可一味注重泛读,只顾提高读速问题,一目十行,浅尝辄止,满足于对阅读材料的一知半解,匆匆一带而过,忽略语言基础知识的日积月累。
要努力增加词汇量,全面提升自己的英语基础知识和基本技能。
尽量扩大阅读面,拓宽知识面,克服不良的阅读习惯,培养良好的阅读习惯。
学习、利用和掌握有效的阅读方法、阅读技巧和阅读策略,刻苦扎实地训练,脚踏实地提高自己的阅读水平和阅读效果。
专四考试阅读技巧二:考试过程要果断在考试时全神贯注地投入阅读,分秒必争,克服急躁的`情绪,注意合理分配有限的阅读时间。
按照先易后难的顺序答题,如果万一碰到个别难题,感到模棱两可,一时难以取舍、无法解答时,应果断暂时舍弃,继续往下做题,以免过多浪费时间和精力,影响其他部分的答题。
在答完其他各题后,可再返回到原先放弃的难题上来。
阅读理解的答题步骤一般是先边猜边读,尽快地扫视浏览全文,了解文章的概貌,把握中心意思。
然后准确地理解考题的要求,把握四个备选项的差别。
接着再带着考题的要求回到文中复读,尽快寻找到文中有关部分,做到选择答案时紧依原文,有的放矢,取舍有据。
解答文章寓意或隐含意义等问题时应按作者的思路、文章的脉络,进行逻辑分析推理,不死钻牛角尖。
在解答有关文章话题或文章主题等问题时,则可从归纳各段大意着手,注意各段的主题句,通常位于句首或句尾的位置。
如果能加快完形填空部分(10%)以及词汇和语法部分(15%)的答题速度,则可节约出部分的宝贵时间来做阅读理解的题目。
专四阅读题型及技巧讲解
专四阅读题型及技巧讲解一、引言专四阅读作为英语专业四级考试的重要组成部分,不仅考查考生的阅读能力,还涉及到词汇、语法和逻辑思维。
为了帮助大家更好地应对这一题型,本文将详细介绍专四阅读的题型及解题技巧。
二、专四阅读题型概述1.事实细节题:此类题目要求考生根据文章内容,找出与问题相关的具体信息。
解答此类题目时,要注意文章中的数字、人名、地名等细节信息。
2.推理判断题:此类题目要求考生根据文章内容和背景知识,推断出作者的观点或人物的态度、品质等。
解答此类题目时,要善于分析作者的写作意图和语气。
3.猜测词义题:此类题目要求考生根据上下文推测生词的意思。
解答此类题目时,要注意文章中的同义词、反义词和语境线索。
4.篇章结构题:此类题目要求考生分析文章的结构和逻辑关系。
解答此类题目时,要关注文章的开头、结尾和段落间的转折词。
三、阅读技巧讲解1.提高阅读速度:阅读速度是影响阅读效率的关键因素。
考生可以通过扩大视野、提高词汇量和阅读训练来提高阅读速度。
2.抓住文章主旨:在阅读过程中,要关注文章的主题和中心思想。
通过抓住主旨,有助于解答推理判断题和篇章结构题。
3.分析句子结构:在阅读过程中,要善于分析长难句的结构,提取关键信息。
这对于解答事实细节题和猜测词义题非常有帮助。
4.关注段落转折词:在阅读文章时,要留意段落间的转折词,如however、but等。
这些词汇往往标志着文章思路的转折,对于解答篇章结构题有很大帮助。
四、解题策略1.事实细节题解题技巧:此类题目要求考生准确找到文章中的具体信息。
解答时,可用划线法、排除法和对比法等方法。
2.推理判断题解题技巧:此类题目要求考生根据文章内容和背景知识进行推断。
解答时,要关注文章中的语气、观点和论证方式。
3.猜测词义题解题技巧:此类题目要求考生根据上下文推测生词意思。
解答时,可用词根词缀法、同义词推测法和语境分析法等。
4.篇章结构题解题技巧:此类题目要求考生分析文章的结构和逻辑关系。
英语专业四级阅读考试技巧
3.推理题 3.推理题
Which of the following statements about...can be inferred from the passage? The author seems to indicate that... We can conclude from the passage that... 找出关键的词或短语,然后进行理解、分析,尽可能 地挖掘出这些词或短语的引申含义。这种题目形式对 考生的要求就不是仅仅停留在语言的理解,有时还要 考查考生对文章中的字里行间的关联、内涵的领悟力 和洞察力。做题时考生要切记一点:问题下面的四个 选项中凡是和原文中的说法相同或相近的一般来说都 不能选;四个选项中凡是讲得太具体的也都不能选, 这是因为推理题就是要考生从原文中的相关信息推出 原文中没有直接表达出来的含义
4.态度/语气题 4.态度/
从一篇看似很客观的描述或议论性质的文章中把作 者隐藏的情绪、态度以及立场挖掘出来。这种题目 的要求相对而言比较难,考生不仅要看懂全文,理 解语言的深层含义,还要体会到作者并没有直截了 当地表达出来的观点和立场。 What is the author’s attitude towards…? The author's attitude toward the problem can best be described as... The author's attitude towards...is... Throughout the passage, the author is _______ in his attitude towards the computer.
4.态度/语气题 4.态度/
要体会作者的态度和观点,就不能把注意力放在作者 在文章当中所描述的事实,而应该是他或她在描述某 一事实时所使用的语言,就是作者所使用的修饰语。 这一类词最能反映出一个作者在进行写作时的心态以 及他深藏在语言文字后面的对待某一事件或某一现象 的立场。 要熟悉那些用来表达人的态度观点的单词,比如: amused (愉快的), critical (批判的), doubtful (怀疑的), (愉快的), (批判的), (怀疑的), positive (肯定的), ironic (讽刺的), mocking (嘲笑的), (肯定的), (讽刺的), (嘲笑的), subjective (主观的), indifferent (漠不关心的), cynical (冷 (主观的), (漠不关心的), (冷 嘲热讽的), 嘲热讽的), sarcastic (讽刺的), exaggerated (夸大的), (讽刺的), (夸大的) objective (客观的,公正的),skeptical (怀疑的), (客观的,公正的) (怀疑的) sympathetic (同情的)等。 (同情的)
英语专业四级阅读技巧
英语专业四级阅读技巧选词填空:300词左右的文章,空10个空格,15个词中选出10个填入,使得文章在意思和结构上完整,生词较少。
之所以失分就是对单词的其他释义和词性没有掌握。
例如很多人知道maintain的意思是保养,修理;其实还有坚持,维持的意思。
解题思路:背单词时记住词形,词义,还要静下心来从固定搭配方面全面掌握一个单词。
只有对单词掌握的准确到位。
选词填空首句一般不留空,考生可以通过把握首句而迅速掌握全文大意,对文章大意明白,进而做出合理的推测,基本上可以拿到75%成的分数。
信息匹配题:关于这个长篇阅读,10个句子,每句一题,必须要考生找到相匹配的段落,有的段落可能匹配2题句子所含的信息都出自篇章的某一段落。
必须要很快的反应能力和耐心。
解题思路:首先考生可以试着找一下关键词,例如专有名词,时间,数字。
当然有的时候即使找到关键词,该词也起不到定位作用,因为这些词都被同义替换掉了,或是正话反说,不好推断,但最起码找关键词发在10个题中,在4,5,6,7问题中可以用。
因为这里面包涵了对你的心理能力的考验,一般都是按难--简单--难的出题顺序来的。
必须要我们熟悉这一出题思路,再去应对它。
2如何准备英语专业四级考试英语专业四级考试主要考听写、听力理解、完形填空、语法及词汇、阅读理解和写作这六类。
针对自己在平常的测试中发现自己的哪一类属于弱项的就去更加的学习和做题目,因为把自己不够的一项提升是很重要的,这在考试得分中占很大的比重。
第一类就是听写,听写的时间有15分钟,总共有15个句子,这15个句子就是一段正文,一条句子没有错误的单词、错误的语法和错误的标点符号就可以得一分,如果有一处错误就会扣0.5分或者1分。
听写的方法:要多去找文章听,特别是连读的句子一定要清楚,要仔细的去听,通过多加的去学习听写就一定会慢慢的提升自己的听写能力。
第二类是听力理解,这是有关于日常生活中和社会生活中的交谈或者演讲所涉及到得听力理解,做听力理解主要是抓住题意的中心大意,先把听力问题看懂,然后再仔细去听内容。
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TEM4阅读技巧总结
一、概况
1、考试时间25分钟,共20题,20分,占比重20%
2、文体包括:叙事、描写、议论和说明
3、题型:主旨题,细节题(65.8%),推断题(25.1%),语义题
二、阅读技巧总结:
◆Skimming:
1)快速浏览几个关键点---- 开头、结尾、段落的首句和尾句。
若段落较长,则再快速浏览中间任意选定的一行文字。
NOTE:略读的方法和内容不是一成不变的,需视具体文章和个人阅读能力而定。
如果只看第一句不明白,那就需要多往下看几行进一步理解。
2)着眼于文章的主要内容而非次要内容:即概括性的语句,而非解释说明或举例子。
3)特别注意逻辑指示词,帮助我们理清作者的思路。
4)略读的同时在头脑中整理出文章的框架、线索、文章主旨及作者的写作目的。
◆Scanning:
1)观察问题及选项,确定关键词
2)选择最特殊的字词或符号作为关键词查找可提高效率,特别注意跟关键词同词根的系列派生词;
3)找到文中包含关键词的句子后要仔细精读,联系上下文,理解句子意思后再跟选项对比。
◆通过信号词把握作者观点及段落、句子间的逻辑关系
1.带有感情色彩的词提示作者看法:
如:objective, neutral, positive/negative, favorable/unfavorable, optimistic/pessimistic, critical/indifferent, ironical, sarcastic, unashamedly, wonderfully, irrational
2、信号词提示作者观点、态度:
如:in fact, as a matter of fact, actually, undoubtedly, evident
3、关联词体现段落、句子间的逻辑关系
如:表转折:however, nevertheless, but, yet, although, in spite of, even though 表比较/对比:相同、相似:similar to, similarly, likewise, in like manner, correspondingly;不同、相反:differ from, in contrast to, otherwise, on the contrary, the former…the latter…, whereas, this…that…, unlike, etc.
表因果:consequently, thus, accordingly, now that, it follows that, for this/that reason, for fear that
表递进:first…second…, in addition to, then, another, next, furthermore
表解释说明: in this case, in practice, for one thing, as follows, to illustrate…, as an example
表归纳:all in all, generally speaking, on the whole, in summary
◆根据文章线索和构词法推测文中生词
1)根据文章中提示定义或解释说明的词句来判断词义,如标点符号、定语从句等;
2)根据前缀后缀判断生词的词性和意思,如single-handedly;
3)根据单个单词意思判断合成词的意思,如takeaway, Beatles-mania。
◆长难句分析技巧
1)先略去长句中纷繁复杂的修饰成分,找出句中的主语、谓语、宾语或表语;2)将句中的修饰成分分解成一个个独立的句子帮助理解;
3)对特殊句型,如强调句、倒装句、省略句等,可先使句子恢复原状,降低理解难度。
◆利用简易图表帮助理解复杂的科技类文体
◆利用常识、背景知识、逻辑推理解题
◆用反选法来排除干扰选项
1)将选项放到问题中,看是否成立(针对语义题,语法、完形也可采用);
2)设想若选项所述正确,则会推出什么样的结果,再与原文对比,看是否成立。
三、解题步骤
第一步:skimming
拿到文章首先花30秒左右的时间进行略读浏览
目标:a. 抓住文章中心思想
b. 确定语篇文体、把握文章逻辑走向或故事时序
c. 明确每段大意,为下一步找具体信息打下基础。
What do we skim for?
记叙文:5 “W”, 人物、时间、地点、某个行为的原因、目的、结果等
议论文:中心议题或争论的焦点,作者的观点、态度,作者写这篇文章的目的,作者为证明其观点所列的主要论据
说明文:所描述事物的来源、特征、作用,作者的写作目的
第二步:审题
目标:a. 把握住问题的焦点;b. 特别注意是正选还是反选
第三步:观察选项
目标:看是否可以利用常识、逻辑推理或背景知识直接得出答案
第四步:如无法直接得出答案,则确定关键词,结合在略读的基础上整理出的文章结构和段落大意,到文章中特定区域找相关内容。
第五步:精读相关内容,在理解的基础上作出选择。
第六步:若无法在理解原文的基础上排除干扰选项,则采用反推法来帮助作出选择。
四、应试技巧
1、阅读选项中经常有两个意思完全相反的选项,答案很有可能就是这两者其一;
2、除主旨题外,文章中问题的顺序跟答案的分布一般是一致的,下一题的答案一般都会出现在上一题答案的下文。