MFC第七讲

MFC(对话框,孙鑫C++第七讲笔记整理)分类：MFC2012-08-14 23:25 393人阅读评论(0) 收藏举报1.如果在SDI中要调用对话框a.先插入一个对话框资源；b.然后在ClassWizards中为其创建一个类。

其目的是比较方便为添加按纽和消息响应函数。

c.然后实例化它。

在实例化时，必须将其头文件包含进去。

2.创建非模态对话框，注意它不能是局部变量。

当点击非模态对话框的OnOK按纽时，它并没有关闭，而是隐藏了。

需要调用destroyWindow().3.一个对象只能一个按纽。

为什么？因为在Wincore.cpp的628行有代码ASSERT(pWnd->m_hWnd == NULL); // only do once而创建后它的m_hWnd就不为0了。

此处ASSERT的用法是如果括号里面不为真，则程序崩溃。

4.如何为静态文本框增加消息响应？首先将IDC_STATIC改名。

同时还需要将Notify特性复选中。

5.完成加法功能。

a.GetDlgItem();b.GetDlgItemT ext();c.GetDlgItemInt();d.将IDC_EDIT1关联CEDIT类型变量e.将IDC_EDIT1关联int型变量。

注意调用UpdateData();//::SendMessage(GetDlgItem(IDC_EDIT1)->m_hWnd,WM_GETTEXT ,10,(LPARAM)ch1);//::SendMessage(m_edit1.m_hWnd,WM_GETTEXT,10,(LPARAM)ch1) ;//GetDlgItem(IDC_EDIT1)->SendMessage(WM_GETTEXT,10,(LPAR AM)ch1);m_edit1.SendMessage(WM_GETTEXT,10,(LPARAM)ch1);g.SendDlgItemMessage(IDC_EDIT1,WM_GETTEXT,10,(LPARAM)ch1) ;SendDlgItemMessage(IDC_EDIT2,WM_GETTEXT,10,(LPARAM)ch2) ;6.点击按纽改变窗口尺寸if(GetDlgItemT ext(IDC_BUTTON2,str),str=="收缩<<"){SetDlgItemT ext(IDC_BUTTON2,"扩展>>");static CRect rectLarge;static CRect rectSmall;if(rectLarge.IsRectNull()){CRect rectSeparator;GetWindowRect(&rectLarge);GetDlgItem(IDC_SEPARATOR)->GetWindowRect(&rectSeparator); rectSmall.left=rectLarge.left;rectSmall.top=rectLarge.top;rectSmall.right=rectLarge.right;rectSmall.bottom=rectSeparator.bottom;if(str=="收缩<<"){SetWindowPos(NULL,0,0,rectSmall.Width(),rectSmall.Height(), SWP_NOMOVE | SWP_NOZORDER);}else{SetWindowPos(NULL,0,0,rectLarge.Width(),rectLarge.Height(), SWP_NOMOVE | SWP_NOZORDER);}7.回车时将输入焦点移动到下一个控件SetWindowLong()改变窗口的属性。

方法1：改变控件的回调函数，注意IDC_EDIT1的MultiLine要复选上。

WNDPROC prevProc;LRESULT CALLBACK WinSunProc(HWND hwnd, // handle to windowUINT uMsg, // message identifierWPARAM wParam, // first message parameterLPARAM lParam // second message parameter){if(uMsg==WM_CHAR && wParam==0x0d){//::SetFocus(::GetNextWindow(hwnd,GW_HWNDNEXT));//SetFocus(::GetWindow(hwnd,GW_HWNDNEXT));CString str;str.Format("%d",hwnd);AfxMessageBox(str);//, UINT nType = MB_OK, UINT nIDHelp = 0 ); // AfxGetApp()->SetFocus(::GetNextDlgT abItem(::GetParent(hwnd),hwnd,FALSE)); return 1;}else{return prevProc(hwnd,uMsg,wParam,lParam);}}BOOL CT estDlg::OnInitDialog(){CDialog::OnInitDialog();// TOD Add extra initialization hereprevProc=(WNDPROC)SetWindowLong(GetDlgItem(IDC_EDIT1)->m _hWnd,GWL_WNDPROC,(LONG)WinSunProc);//设置回调函数return TRUE; // return TRUE unless you set the focus to a control// EXCEPTION: OCX Property Pages should return FALSE}方法2：在OnOK响应函数中加入代码//GetDlgItem(IDC_EDIT1)->GetNextWindow()->SetFocus();//GetFocus()->GetNextWindow()->SetFocus();//GetFocus()->GetWindow(GW_HWNDNEXT)->SetFocus(); GetNextDlgT abItem(GetFocus())->SetFocus();显示一个模态对话框：显示一个非模态对话框：1void CMyDialogView::OnShowmenue()2{3// TODO: Add your command handler code here45/*CTestDialog cdlg;6 cdlg.DoModal();*/78 CTestDialog *cdlg=new CTestDialog();//这里可以设置成成员变量，指针定义，堆栈跟程序一样的声明周期9 cdlg->Create(IDD_DIALOG1,NULL);10 cdlg->ShowWindow(SW_NORMAL);111213}下面两端代码的效果是一样的：14void CTestDialog::OnButton()15{16// TODO: Add your control notification handler code here1718if(!bIsCreate)19 {20 m_btn.Create("按钮",BS_PUSHBUTTON|WS_VISIBLE|WS_CHILD,CRect(0,0,100,80),this,123);21 bIsCreate=TRUE;22 }23else24 {25 m_btn.DestroyWindow();26 bIsCreate=FALSE;27 }2829/*if(!m_btn.m_hWnd)30 {3132 m_btn.Create("按钮",BS_PUSHBUTTON|WS_VISIBLE|WS_CHILD,CRect(0,0,100,80),this,123);33 }34 else35 {36 m_btn.DestroyWindow();37 }*/38}几种访问控件的方式：拉控件：利用调整位置改变了静态文本的ID，才能添加事件修改了Notify才能在事件中，改变文本的内容方法一：39void CTestDialog::OnNumber1()40{41// TODO: Add your control notification handler code here42 CString str;43 GetDlgItem(ID_NUMBER1)->GetWindowText(str);44if(str=="number1:")45 {46 GetDlgItem(ID_NUMBER1)->SetWindowText("数值1:");47 }48else49 {50 GetDlgItem(ID_NUMBER1)->SetWindowText("number1:");51 }52}方法二：53int num1,num2,num3;54char ch1[8],ch2[8],ch3[9];55 GetDlgItem(IDC_EDIT1)->GetWindowText(ch1,8);56 GetDlgItem(IDC_EDIT2)->GetWindowText(ch2,8);5758 num1=atoi(ch1);//将字符串转化为整数59 num2=atoi(ch2);60 num3=num1+num2;6162 itoa(num3,ch3,10);//将整数转化为字符串6364 GetDlgItem(IDC_EDIT3)->SetWindowText(ch3); 方法三：65TCHAR ch1[8],ch2[8],ch3[9];66 GetDlgItemText(IDC_EDIT1,ch1,8);67 GetDlgItemText(IDC_EDIT2,ch2,8);6869int num1=atoi(ch1);70int num2=atoi(ch2);71int num3=num1+num2;7273 itoa(num3,ch3,10);7475 SetDlgItemText(IDC_EDIT3,ch3);方法四：数值关联：76 UpdateData();//默认参数是TRUE,不直接调用DodataExchange函数77m_num3=m_num1+m_num2;78UpdateData(FALSE);方法五：控制关联：79TCHAR ch1[9],ch2[9],ch3[9];80int num1,num2,num3;81m_edit1.GetWindowText(ch1,9);82m_edit2.GetWindowText(ch2,9);8384num1=atoi(ch1);85num2=atoi(ch2);8687num3=num1+num2;8889itoa(num3,ch3,10);9091m_edit3.SetWindowText(ch3);方法六：92int num1=GetDlgItemInt(IDC_EDIT1);93int num2=GetDlgItemInt(IDC_EDIT2);94int num3=num1+num2;9596 SetDlgItemInt(IDC_EDIT3,num3);方法七：97/*TCHAR ch1[10],ch2[10],ch3[10];98 ::SendMessage(GetDlgItem(IDC_EDIT1)->m_hWnd,WM_GETTEXT,10,(LPARAM)ch1);99 ::SendMessage(GetDlgItem(IDC_EDIT2)->m_hWnd,WM_GETTEXT,10,(LPARAM)ch2);100101 int num1=atoi(ch1);102 int num2=atoi(ch2);103 int num3=num1+num2;104105 itoa(num3,ch3,10);106107 ::SendMessage(GetDlgItem(IDC_EDIT3)->m_hWnd,WM_SETTEXT,0,(LPARAM)ch3);*/ 108109110/*TCHAR ch1[10],ch2[10],ch3[10];111 GetDlgItem(IDC_EDIT1)->SendMessage(WM_GETTEXT,10,(LPARAM)ch1);112 GetDlgItem(IDC_EDIT2)->SendMessage(WM_GETTEXT,10,(LPARAM)ch2);113114 int num1=atoi(ch1);115 int num2=atoi(ch2);116 int num3=num1+num2;117118 itoa(num3,ch3,10);119120 SendDlgItemMessage(IDC_EDIT3,WM_SETTEXT,0,(LPARAM)ch3);121 SendDlgItemMessage(IDC_EDIT3,EM_SETSEL,0,2);122 GetDlgItem(IDC_EDIT3)->SetFocus();*/123124125TCHAR ch1[10],ch2[10],ch3[10];126 SendDlgItemMessage(IDC_EDIT1,WM_GETTEXT,10,(LPARAM)ch1);127 SendDlgItemMessage(IDC_EDIT2,WM_GETTEXT,10,(LPARAM)ch2);128129int num1=atoi(ch1);130int num2=atoi(ch2);131int num3=num1+num2;132133 itoa(num3,ch3,10);134135 SendDlgItemMessage(IDC_EDIT3,WM_SETTEXT,0,(LPARAM)ch3);136 SendDlgItemMessage(IDC_EDIT3,EM_SETSEL,0,2);137 GetDlgItem(IDC_EDIT3)->SetFocus();伸缩效果：拉入一个picture:138void CTestDialog::OnShensuo()139{140// TODO: Add your control notification handler code here 141 CString cst;142if(GetDlgItemText(ID_SHENSUO,cst),cst=="缩小<<")143 {144 SetDlgItemText(ID_SHENSUO,"扩展>>");145 }146else147 {148 SetDlgItemText(ID_SHENSUO,"缩小<<");149 }150151static CRect crectLarge,crectSmall;152153if(crectLarge.IsRectNull())154 {155 GetWindowRect(&crectLarge);156 CRect ctemp;157158 GetDlgItem(IDC_SEPARATOR)->GetWindowRect(&ctemp); 159160 crectSmall.left=crectLarge.left;161 crectSmall.top=crectLarge.top;162 crectSmall.right=crectLarge.right;163 crectSmall.bottom=ctemp.bottom;164165 }166167if(cst=="缩小<<")168 {169SetWindowPos(NULL,0,0,crectSmall.Width(),crectSmall.Height(),SWP_NOZORDER|SWP_NO MOVE);170 }171else172 {173174SetWindowPos(NULL,0,0,crectLarge.Width(),crectLarge.Height(),SWP_NOZORDER|SWP_NO MOVE);175 }176177}回车响应SetFocus()只能一次multiline178WNDPROC prevProc;179LRESULT CALLBACK DialogProc(180HWND hwnd, // handle to window181UINT uMsg, // message identifier182WPARAM wParam, // first message parameter183LPARAM lParam // second message parameter184 )185{186if(uMsg==WM_CHAR && wParam==0x0d)187 {188//::SetFocus(::GetNextWindow(hwnd,GW_HWNDNEXT));189//::SetFocus(::GetWindow(hwnd,GW_HWNDNEXT));190 ::SetFocus(::GetNextDlgTabItem(GetParent(hwnd),hwnd,FALSE));191return 1;192 }193else194 {195return prevProc(hwnd,uMsg,wParam,lParam);196 }197}198199200BOOL CTestDialog::OnInitDialog()201{202 CDialog::OnInitDialog();203204205// TODO: Add extra initialization here206prevProc=(WNDPROC)SetWindowLong(GetDlgItem(IDC_EDIT1)->m_hWnd,GWL_WNDPROC,(LONG) DialogProc);207208209return TRUE; // return TRUE unless you set the focus to a control210// EXCEPTION: OCX Property Pages should return FALSE211}212void CTestDlg::OnOK()213{214// TODO: Add extra validation here215//GetDlgItem(IDC_EDIT1)->GetNextWindow()->SetFocus();216//GetFocus()->GetNextWindow()->SetFocus();217//GetFocus()->GetWindow(GW_HWNDNEXT)->SetFocus();218 GetNextDlgTabItem(GetFocus())->SetFocus();219// CDialog::OnOK();220}。