剑桥雅思阅读真题同意替换整理版——
剑桥雅思阅读同义词替换(可编辑)
剑桥雅思阅读同义词替换(可编辑)剑桥雅思阅读同义词替换附录二、剑桥雅思4―7 阅读同义词替换汇总剑桥雅思四册同义词替换剑桥雅思四册TEST 1 PASSAGE 1文章题目not in the face of ignore alarming rate of loss plightaccept idea form opinion formal tuition classroom harbor hold misconception mistaken view curriculum science sciencemultifaceted largermodification change 雅思9分密码thinking understandingthe commonest the most frequentgeographic location wheredominant idea common response第二版habitat livedestruction of rainforests loss of rainforestsresponsibility responsiblemajority most何满survive existenceneed rely onsurprising unexpectedlymedia coverage newspapers and televisioncontribute to asglobal warming the world gets warmerdestruction destroy剑桥雅思四册TEST 1 PASSAGE 2 文章题目not known not certainunable nodegenerated or rudimentary underdeveloped particularly sensitive very sensitiveextremely keen vision in water exceptional in waterprimarily usuallyin general employ usecourtship matingfeed eattrack followwell-developed best developed剑桥雅思四册TEST 1 PASSAGE 3文章题目appreciate recognizebe taken aback surpriseshow representmotion movementmeaning understandingquickly rapida list of a set ofexplore investigateunderstand perceiverelate fitall everyonelink to assign toresemble similar雅思9分密码conclude conclusioninterpret comprehendas similar剑桥雅思四册TEST 2 PASSAGE 1第二版文章题目linguistic diversity the great variety of languagesbreed as a result of何满government policy government initiativethe deadliest weapon factordisappear/vanish die outgrowing interest increasing appreciationlearn teachsurvive survivalon written form writebilingualism more than one languagenot survive endangeredpreventing a language dying out saving languages from extinctionlike preserving fruits in a jar not satisfactorythought the way we thinkaffect determineteens young peopleold traditions the established way of lifenot want rejectshift changelose lossendanger die outdisappear loss剑桥雅思四册TEST 2 PASSAGE 2文章题目unusual differWestern world Western countriesconservative attitude/loath reluctantvisit consultclimb/popularity increasecontact visithigh standing of professionals higher opiniontake course retrainpractitioner therapistsbusiness/clientele salaryattend visitchronic long-termillness medical complaints剑桥雅思四册TEST 2 PASSAGE 3 雅思9分密码文章题目not normally unusuallink-up connection enhance creativity beneficial 第二版timing record how much timecost animals their lives physical hazardscognitive mental何满involvement exercisechildren humanshunt, mate and socialize as adults adult activitiesbuild muscle/endurance training/get into shape build up strengthlarger brain organ growthit’s to do with concerningenvironment surroundingskaleidoscope/a lot different contexts a wide range ofimprovement in endurance fitness trainingparticular chemical specific sustenanceassociate link剑桥雅思四册TEST 3 PASSAGE 1文章题目credit loanfactor reasondemand for income povertyindependence independententrepreneurship set up their own businessparents or guardians familysupply provisionlend money loancharge interest pay backmodest rates slightly morein association with other types as a part ofsupport aid剑桥雅思四册TEST 3 PASSAGE 2文章题目continent/atmosphere/water feature of ourplanetnot predictable unpredictabilityfracture sectionblock any further eruption remain inactivecontinent earth’s landmake produce swiftly quickly horizontally horizontal extrusion outcrop 雅思9分密码with tremendous force violently剑桥雅思四册TEST 3 PASSAGE 3文章题目non-verbal behavior/facial expression body language 第二版written comments taking notes age, sex, social background socialawareself-conscious何满minimize lessseveral variousa large number of points general specific dataconvenience convenientunavoidable necessarymany the number ofenable allowlimitation missstatement commentunbiased objectivelyenable cancover the language as a whole a wide range of languagedeal only with focus ondepend on/factor affectderive gainnative speaker of the language those who speak the language concernedcoverage coversupplement additionaldata informationneed rely on剑桥雅思四册TEST 4 PASSAGE 1文章题目the early years of the twentieth century about 1900explosive release intensive burstgreatly dramatic increasing growingglobal internationalpossess the unique complement of genes giftedidentify recognizeearly at a younger ageUS Americanrely on onmethod approach focus on aim to increase developdeficiency in trace minerals inadequate diet雅思9分密码lead to link toenable records to be broken set new recordsfocused better play a role key 第二版important usefulcomprehend/understanding explainunderstanding current knowledge何满fundamental basic剑桥雅思四册TEST 4 PASSAGE 2 文章题目creative imagination creativityinvestigating investigationand as well as partly include interpretation translatewhat these things mean for the human story ancient languagesfilm moviereality realisticportrayal picturein a more restricted sense in more than one wayrecord documentbreak down into subdivideevolve evolutionarydwelling buildinground/square shapewhy reasontool and weapons/material objectswritten word written recordsimportance valuablejust as/rather like compare剑桥雅思四册TEST 4 PASSAGE 3文章题目be faced with be sharedeconomic progress economic developmentsustain sustainableobligation or duty roleconsequence impactawareness realizationincrease risedramatic sharpeconomic progress economic growthprovide produceit was assumed without question that belief雅思9分密码accept acceptanceensure guaranteeprovide provisionself-determining independence第二版at exactly the same time at about thesame timefinite limitsink in become evident何满demographic and social changes population changesstem from/accompany have an impactpredictunderestimate剑桥雅思四册GENERAL TRAINING READING TEST A SECTION 1文章题目scenic woodland peaceful country surroundingssmall charge extra feedelivery deliverluxury accommodation have dinner and stay the nightwarm welcome friendly greetingprevious experience, ability relevant skillslift your spirit cheer you upall the family a variety of agesimum attention individual guidancespecial concert public performanceparticipation participantdevelop the confidence overcome shynessin no time rapid剑桥雅思四册GENERAL TRAINING READING TEST A SECTION 2文章题目have the opportunity allocateworking jobelection electchildren’s center nursery carereserve a place first come, first-servedgraphic and visual communication skills advertisingperform arts and the media TVconstruction, properties architecturemanage managementbusiness companypeople with special needs the disabledoffice work secretarial taskssalon, facial massage and skin care, make-up, beauty therapylash and brow treatment, artificial nailstructures and ear piercing剑桥雅思四册GENERAL TRAINING READING TEST A SECTION 3 雅思9分密码文章题目better-constructed narratives well-written narrativesmore impressive excellenta great deal of plenty of第二版money capitalbuy purchasepractice make何满outside the major studios not in major studioscommercial success profitablecinema film industrylargest/dominant biggestpioneer firststar system responsible for creating starscommercial success make the most moneybased primarily on based more ontraditional ownplay a role influence剑桥雅思四册GENERAL TRAINING READING TEST B SECTION 1文章题目receive receiptreservation bookingpayment costpaid rentalbreakdown brokenrepair service have it replacedbuffet foodcatering weddingsolicitor/legal service lawyerestate and property agents livefamily rooms find somewhere to stayauditing, accountancy and taxation finance剑桥雅思四册GENERAL TRAINING READING TEST B SECTION 2文章题目tropical fruit bananagrowing cultivationagriculture including Beef and Dairy cattle farming fitness instruction courses recreation program aged support program elderly careearly childhood nursing program infant illness coastal management beach protection marine industry management fishing farming purchase buy剑桥雅思四册GENERAL TRAINING READING TEST B SECTION 3 雅思9分密码文章题目pass on message communicate unravel the mystery the purposemeasurement of the actual distance expressing distance第二版inner insidepoint directly to point in the direction of何满剑桥雅思五册同义词替换剑桥雅思五册TEST 1 PASSAGE 1文章题目draw on don’t ignoreliving contemporarybe not seriously rivaled in general usedeadline time limitdifferent shades of meaning subtleties of meaningto hand availablein excess of overrecognize as be hailed asthroughout Europe in many European countriesconfer bringoffer grantrise growrise increasebe associated with lead tofamous well knownin installment paymentdie not survive剑桥雅思五册TEST 1 PASSAGE 2文章题目built-in/instinct/genetic biological trait behavior 雅思9分密码in the cause of explanation have a positive effect helpbe instructed be told administer give 第二版carry on continuego on continueprior to before 何满predict estimatebe willing to willingness obey comply with predict expected anticipate expected 1000,450,etc. number statistical claim believevalue positive social environment sociological personal and moral code personal valueindividual personalsurrender more powerfulin essence general剑桥雅思五册TEST 1 PASSAGE 3文章题目get worse pessimistic viewa hit-list of a number ofassociate linknot accelerate slow downrestrict slow downless not increaselopsidedness selectionfunding financial money fundsoverstate exaggerate argument claimskepticism criticismnewspapers and broadcasters newspaper print itemswantexpectationdistortion of perception mislead trash wasterubbish wastefuture long-termpressing urgent剑桥雅思五册TEST 2 PASSAGE 1文章题目雅思9分密码reshape mould into new formslike in a similar waytotally entirelyfirst第二版 in origindistinction uniquea number of severalfactor reason何满immense greatprogress advancedomain fieldfind searchsubstitutealternativesuch as likebe called be known as such as e.g.granular grindextreme heat intense heatextract removepopularfashionableflow into the mould fill the mouldtoday modern-daypopularity welcomedin its early years immediatelyno disdain welcomed剑桥雅思五册TEST 2 PASSAGE 2文章题目biologicalbiologicallydub considerexpress the idea believefeel believesafely controlledpsychic tension nervous energypuncture releasemodern theorists current thinkingsettle on not ignore belief viewlanguage understanding and reasoning in artificial intelligencemachinespresent useactivity activateassociate with involve withdemanding difficultrapid instantly雅思9分密码as a result of becauserespond reactperson’s outlook person’s subjective viewsdepend on relate to第二版work operationpretty good valuable何满剑桥雅思五册TEST 2 PASSAGE 3文章题目exploitation exploitdevelopment revolutionscientists socially privileged thinkerslack Have neither A nor Ba suitable writing style a new kind of writingdescribe description lose momentum be overtaken growth developas as a direct result ofcompetitive competition剑桥雅思五册TEST 3 PASSAGE 1文章题目family configuration family typea cross-section of the range ofdisappointing failexplanation reasonphenomenal positiveresult outcomea cross-section of a variety ofsocio-economic status poor and wealthydisappointing do notsucceedprovide supplynot substantial insufficient in an attempt to be designed toovercome educational under- achievement improve educational developmentauditory listeningverbal speakinglanguage ability interact with othersadvance score highly剑桥雅思五册TEST 3 PASSAGE 2 文章题目sedimentsedimentationfood chain food productionpoison threatbe being eroded/scour away disappear雅思9分密码significance valuableerode erosioncoast/coastline coastalhold back sediment land loss第二版a lot of sediment high levels of sedimentpollution pollutantSignificantly/dramatically marked何满build up increasein the immediate future in the short term剑桥雅思五册TEST 3 PASSAGE 3文章题目spot camouflaged vehicles on a battlefield militarydisparate separatefield areaunify bring togetherre-enter/rehabilitation againignite public debate become a common topic of conversationterm expressionemail/web pages information available electronicallymeet this challenge deal with difficultiespeak not lowest pointencapsulate reflectundue optimism original expectationboost benefitinvestor investment剑桥雅思五册TEST 4 PASSAGE 1文章题目booming expansionwilderness regions fragileregionshunting animals and fish and collecting fruits food-supplyall across the world internationalimpacts effectsprofound disruptiveneeds demandsaspiration needslittle or no lowinvestment financialcostattraction attractiveseasonality/ defined parts of the year Not throughout the yearecology ecologicalculture culturallylead to result indecline fall雅思9分密码farm output and a change in the local diet food producedlocallytraditionallytraditionalhunting animals and fish and collecting fruits food-gatheringundermine damage。
雅思阅读真题题干-答案同意词替换(统计表背诵版)
阅读题考频考查的单词正确的选项词性中文含义abundant plentiful a.大量的accelerate increase v.加速；加大accessible available a.可用的account explain v.解释；说明2 account for explain v.解释，说明accumulate collect v.聚集adhere stick v.黏附；胶着adjunct addition n.附加物administered managed v.管理adorndecorate v.装饰adversely negatively ad.不利地；有害地advocate proponent n.倡导者；辩护者aesthetically artistically ad.审美地；美学地aided helped v.帮助alertwary a.机敏的alter change v.改变；调整alternative option n.替代；替代物altogether completely ad.完全地ancillary secondary a.附属的；辅助的annihilate conquer v.消灭；征服antagonist enemy n.对手；敌人antecedent predecessor n.先辈anticipatelook forward to v.期待；盼望appealing attractive a.吸引人的apply used for v.应用；适用appreciated recognized v.赏识arduous difficult a.艰巨的；艰苦的article object n.物品，物体ascend climb v.攀升；升高2 assemble gather v.装配；组合2 assemble bring together v.装配；组合assortment variety n.形形色色；各式各样assumption belief n.确信的想法attachment preference for n.依恋；偏好attained achieved v.达到attire/costume clothing n.衣着；盛装attribute credit v.被认为；被鉴定attribute characteristics n.特征avid eager a.渴望的；热心的barren infertile a.贫瘠的；不毛的2 bias prejudice n.偏见；嗜好bind tie v.捆；绑；使结合boosted raised v.提高，推进bound limit n.范围；界限break departure from n.决裂；破裂brief look glance n.瞥视；浏览bring about cause v.导致；引起brittle easily broken a.易碎的calculate determine v.计算；确定carried on continued v.继续cease stop v.停止；结束celestial astronomical a.天空的；天上的chance/accidental unplanned a.偶然的；碰巧的characteristics qualities n.性质，特性chronicle describe v.记述classify categorize v.分类2clue information n.线索；信息cluster group v.成群coarse rough/crude a.粗糙的component parts n.部分compose focus on v.创作；创造comprise consist of v.包含；包括concealed covered a.隐藏着的conclusive definitive a.最后的concrete specific a.具体的；特定的confine limit v.限制；局限confine restrict v.限制confirm uphold v.证实；确认conflicting opposing a.冲突的；抵触的consequence result n.结果2conserve store v.保存；保护2conserve retain v.保存；保护3considerable substantial /many a.很重要的；很大的consistent constant a.持续的conspicuous noticeable a.显著的constituent component n.成分；要素constitute make up v.构成；组成contemporary existing a.当代的；现有的contemporary written at that time n.同时代convergence gathering n.聚集convert change v.转换converted changed v.转变c orrespondingly similarly ad.相应地；对应地c ount weigh v.有价值；有分量c ounteract negate v.抵消；反作用c ounterpart version n.复本；对应物c risscross v.穿梭；交错往来critical judge of fine arts connoisseur n.鉴赏家；评论家crucial important a.重要的cumbersomeburdensome a.麻烦的；笨重的dampen moisten v.使潮湿daring bold a.勇敢的；大胆的deft skilled a.熟练的；灵巧的deliberate careful a.审慎的；仔细的demand require v.要求；需求demise death n.死亡demonstrateshow v.表明；证实dense thick a.稠密的；浓厚的depress lower v.压低；使沮丧derive/acquire obtain v.得到derived frombased on v.基于2 detectable apparent a.可察觉的；易发现的detecting finding v.探测devastated ruined a.毁坏的；被破坏的developing evolving a.发展的；演化的2 devote to dedicate v.致力于；献身于2 devote to specializing in v.致力于；献身于dictate determine v.指示；决定dictate determine v.确定；决定diffuse travel v.扩散；传播disaster catastrophe n.灾难discard get rid of v.丢弃；抛弃dispute argument n.争论；争执disseminate spread/impart v.散布；传播2 distinct separate/different a.清晰的；不同的distinguish differentiate v.区分；辨别divergence difference n.差异；变化diverse dissimilar a.多种多样的；不一样的diverse varied a.不同的diverse different a.不同的dividing line boundary n.边界；分界线do sth. Repeatedly iterate v.重复；反复2 domain field n.领域；范围2 domain region n.领域；范围dominate be prevalent in v.支配；控制dramatic striking a.戏剧性的；显著的drastic radical a.激烈的；猛烈的drastically severely ad.激烈的2 draw attract v.吸引2draw attract v.吸引draw instruct v.引导durability endurance n.经久，耐久durable long-lasting a.持久的；耐用的dwelling house n.住处；寓所eager enthusiastic a.热心的2easily moved portable a.轻便的；可携带的effect influence v.影响；效果efficiency effectiveness n.效力elevate promote v.提高；提升elicit bring out v.引出embracedwelcomed v.欢迎emerge appearv.浮现；出现emit give off v.发出emittingproducing v.生产，发行emphasize stress v.强调employ use v.雇佣；应用2 enable allow v.使能够；使可能enactment performance n.演出；表演encompass include v.包含ensures guarantees v.保证(绝对性词)entire whole a.全部的entity object n.实体；存在entomb trap v.埋葬；设陷阱era period of time n.时期eradicateeliminate v.除去；消除erroneous ideas misconception n.误解；错误观念erroneously identified as mistake v.误以为；误认为essence basic nature n.基本essentialfundamental a.基本的establish create v.设立；创作estimated judged v.鉴定evidenceindicate n.迹象；预示exalted superior a.高贵的；崇高的execute create v.造成；制成；履行；执行exercise utilize v.行使，利用exert cause v.引起；产生exorbitant expensive a.昂贵的expendable unprofitable a.没有用的2 expose subject to v.使暴露；暴露于2 expose uncover v.使暴露；暴露于2 extend stretch v.延长；扩展extol praise v.赞美2 extract remove v.提取；取得extraordinary supreme a.非凡的；极度的fabricate make v.制作；装配fabricating constructing v.制作，构建faction side n.小派系fatal deadly a.致命的favor prefer v.喜爱favored perferred n.喜爱finding scientific discoveryfine tiny a.细小的finely minutely ad.精细的f lattering complimentary a.称赞的；奉承的flourished thrived n.茂盛formidabledifficult a.艰难的forward-looking progressive a.向前看的；有远见的functional usable a.合用的fundamental/rudimentary basic a.基础的；基本的glowing shining a.光亮的good name reputation n.名声；名誉graphic vivid a.生动的hard firm a.坚硬的；牢固的hard to deal with stubborn a.执拗的；固执的herald announce v.预示；预报identical exactly alike a.同样的imitate copy v.模仿；伪造immutable unchangeable a.不变的impediment obstacle n.妨碍；阻碍imperceptibly subtly ad.不可觉察地；极缓慢地implement tool n.工具；器械implication significance n.含义；意义imposing demanding a.紧迫的；紧急的inaccessible unreachable a.难接近的；难达到的inception beginning n.起初incinerate burn up v.烧毁第 5 页，共 11 页incised carved a. 雕刻的inclination preference n. 倾向；偏好incorporate combine v. 结合；合并inhibit hinder/prevent v. 阻止；阻碍2 initiate start v. 开始；引发innovative new a. 创新的insignificant unimportant a. 不重要的instance case n. 实例；例证integral essential a. 整体的；不可缺少的integral fundamental a. 基本的intense extreme a. 强烈的；剧烈的intensive concentrated a. 加强的，集中的intent goal n. 目的intent purpose n. 目的interchangeable equivalent a. 相等的；可互换的intervals periods n. 周期intervention influence n. 干涉；影响intricate complex a. 复杂的intriguing attractive a. 迷人的inviting attractive a. 吸引人的；诱人的justify prove v. 辩护；证实laborious difficult a. 费力的lie be located v. 位于loadweight n. 重担lured attracted v. 吸引，引诱magnify intensify v. 放大；强化3 maintain preserve v. 维持；坚持major principal a. 主要的；大型的make possible allow v. 允许；使可能mandated required v. 要求marginedge n. 边；边缘marked noticeable a. 显著的means method n. 方法merely only ad. 仅仅地，只不过meticulously careflly ad. 小心地minuscule tiny a. 很小的；微小的modifying changing v. 修改；变化monopolize dominate v. 独占；占优势moreover furthermore ad. 此外moreoverin addition ad. 另外motif design n. 图案；花纹mundane ordinary a. 世俗的；普通的myriad many a.许多的；无数的n ascent immature a.新生的；初生的n evertheless however ad.然而；仍然n orm standard n.标准n oted observed v.注意到n oticed announced v.宣告，通告n otwithstanding despite prep.尽管n oxious harmful a.有害的；有毒的o bvious apparent a.明显的；显而易见的o ptimal best a.最佳的o rnate elaborate a.华丽的o utbreak beginning n.爆发；开始o utline summarizing v.总结；概括o utstanding excellent a.杰出的；显著的o vertaken surpassed v.赶上，超越p eak maximum a.最高的；高峰的p eculiar strange a.奇特的p enetrate go through v.穿透；透过p eriphery outer edge n.外围p ersist continue v.持续p ersonal magnetism charisma n.个人魅力p ertinent relevant a.有关的p henomena event n.现象；事件p icture imagine n.图片p lunge drop n./v.投入，陷入p onderous heavy a.笨重的p osition job n.职位；职务p otential possible a.潜在的；可能的p recarious uncertain a.不稳定的p recise accurate a.精确的p refer favor v.偏好；喜欢p reside manage v.负责；统辖p resumably probably ad.大概p revailed dominated v.成功，统治p revailing most frequent a.盛行的；流行的p revailing dominant a.主要的，占优势的p revent avoid v.制止；阻止p rimarily chiefly ad.主要地p rimary fundamental a.基本的；初步的p rior to preceding a.在先；居前p rized valued a.贵重的p robe explore v.探察p rolific productive a.多产的p rolific fruitful a.多产的prominent distinguished a.显著的；卓越的prominent famous a.著名的proponent supporter n.支持者prototype model n.原型；范例protrude project v.突出；伸出pry off locate v.查找puncture pierce v.刺穿；刺破pursue chase v.追赶raise rear v.饲养；养育random unpredictable a.不可知的rapidity swiftness n.迅速rare infrequent a.稀有的；罕见的rather instead ad.相反；相反地r eadily easily ad.容易地r ealization awareness n.认识；意识reap accept v.收获；接受rear raise v.培养；饲养reckless irresponsible a.不负责任的recorded documented a.已纪录的recruit enlist v.征募；补充refreshing unusual a.清新的；清爽的regardless of no matter what a.不管relate connect v.相关；关联reliance dependence n.依靠remarkable significant a.异常的；非凡的representative typical a.典型的resemble be similar to v.相似；类似resolve find a solution for v.解决resort to using v.采用revered respected v.尊敬revise change v.修正；改造robust strong a.强健的；坚强的roll back reduce v.压低；减少rotting decaying v.腐烂roughly approximately ad.概略地；大约r udimentary undeveloped a.原始的；简单的r upture burst v.破裂；裂开r ushing rapid a.急流的s anitation health n.卫生；健康状态s aturate soak v.浸透；饱和s aying two opposite things paradox n.悖论；隽语s cale measure n./v.刻度/测量s carce rare a.稀有的s carcely barely ad.稀缺；珍贵s cope extent n.范围s corched burned v.烧焦s core n.乐谱scurrying rushing v.急赶secure acquire v.获得；取得secure safe ad.安全的sedentary inactive a.不移栖的sentiment opinion n.意见；观点serve as function as v.充当；担任set establish v.确定；安置settle decide v.决定；解决settled stabled a.固定的severe poverty indigence n.贫困；赤贫shield protect v.保护；避开significant meaningful a.有重要意义的site location n.地点；场所skepticism doubt n.怀疑主义；怀疑态度sketch draw v.速写；素描skilled expert a.熟练的；擅长的skyrocket increase rapidly v.猛涨，突增sleep briefly nap n.小睡；打盹smooth operationsnap break v.折断；拉断s ole only a.唯一的；独一的s ole only a.单独的s olemn serious a.严肃的；庄重的s ort out separate v.挑选出s ource of energy fuel n.能源；燃料s panning covering v.包含spark bring about v.激发；发动speculate hypothesize v.推测；假设staggering overwhelming a.压倒的；压倒之势的standard customary a.标准的standing not flowing a.停滞的；不流动的staple popular edition? n.大宗物品；流行的东西staple basic element n.主要成分stimulate encourage v.激发；促进story level n.楼层；层strain stress v.拉紧，重压s trength basis n.实力；基础s tress emphasize v.强调strikingnoticeable a.显著的stringent strict a.严格的；严厉的struggle competition n.竞争subject susceptible a.易受影响的；遭受影响的subjugated conquered v.征服subsequentlater a.后来的subsidize finance v.资助；赞助subsidy finance n.补助金；补贴succinct concise a.简洁的；简练的sufficient adequate a.足够的；充足的suitably appropriately ad.适宜地sumptuous luxurious a.豪华的；奢侈的sums amounts n.和supplant replace v.取代；替代supplement extension n.补充；补遗supplement add to v.补充，增加support hold v.支持；支撑supposedly seemingly ad.想象地；表面上supremacy dominance n.至高无上；支配地位supreme most outstanding a.最大的；极度的surge increase sharply v.急剧增加surging accelerating a.高涨的；跃进的suspend hang v.挂；悬挂sustain support v.支撑s ymmetrical a.对称的；匀称的tangled twisted together a.混乱的telling challenging a.有效的；有力的tempting attractive a.诱人的thanks to because of n.由于；多亏thereby by that meansthink highly admire v.钦佩；羡慕tolerate endure v.忍受；忍耐trace imprint n.痕迹；遗迹trend tendency n.趋势；趋向typify characterize v.代表，表现ultimately eventually ad.最后2 undergoing experiencing v.经历2 undergone experienced v.经历undergone experienced v.经历underscore emphasize v.强调u nderwater craft submarine n.潜水艇u ndoubtedly certainly ad.的确地u nique particular a.独特的u nique singular a.非凡的u nprecedented never seen before a.空前的u nravel discover v.解开；阐明u nrestricted unlimited a.无限制的；自由的u nsubstantiated unverified a.未证实的；未核实的u rged encouraged v.催促，鼓励u sher beginning v.引导；开始v arious different a.不同的v ary differ v.变化；改变v ast large a.巨大的；广阔的v ast great a.大量的v enture endeavor n.冒险；冒险行动v ery closely intimately ad.亲密；密切v estige evidence n.遗迹；残余v irtually completely n.实质地w ider more extensive a.宽广的w itness observe v.目睹；目击y ield provide v.产生；产生效果。
《剑桥雅思阅读4—7同义词替换汇总》
附录二、剑桥雅思 4—7阅读同义词替换汇总剑桥雅思四册同义词替换 剑桥雅思四册 TEST 1 PASSAGE 1文章题目not in the face of alarming rate of loss accept idea formal tuition harborignore plight form opinion classroom holdmisconception curriculum science multifaceted modification thinkingmistaken view science larger changeunderstanding the most frequent wherethe commonest geographic location dominant idea habitatcommon response livedestruction of rainforests responsibility majority loss of rainforests responsible most survive existence rely on unexpectedlyneedsurprisingmedia coverage contribute to global warming destruction newspapers and television asthe world gets warmer destroy剑桥雅思四册 TEST 1 PASSAGE 2文章 题目not known unablenot certain nodegenerated or rudimentary particularly sensitiveextremely keen vision in water primarilyunderdeveloped very sensitive exceptional in water usually use in general employ courtship mating eatfeed↓↓↓相关资料推荐↓↓↓◆剑桥雅思官方指南OG+MP3◆ 80天攻克雅思全套◆雅思9分达人系列◆刘洪波阅读真经系列下载◆雅思黑眼睛系列听说读写合集◆【写作资料】手把手教你雅思写作◆小站出品——雅思OG试题全面解析◆剑桥雅思全真试题1-9真题◆剑桥雅思全真试题1-9听力文本+MP3◆剑桥雅思全真试题1-9详细精讲解析◆◆track followwell-developed best developed剑桥雅思四册TEST 1 PASSAGE 3 文章题目appreciatebe taken aback show recognize surprise representmotion meaning quicklya list of explore understand relateall movement understanding rapida set of investigate perceivefiteveryonelink to resemble conclude interpret asassign tosimilarconclusioncomprehendsimilar剑桥雅思四册TEST 2 PASSAGE 1题目文章linguistic diversity breed the great variety of languages as a result ofgovernment initiativefactorgovernment policy the deadliest weapondisappear/vanish growing interest learn die outincreasing appreciation teachsurvive survivalon written formbilingualismnot survivepreventing a language dying out like preserving fruits in a jar thought writemore than one language endangeredsaving languages from extinction not satisfactorythe way we thinkdetermineyoung peoplethe established way of liferejectaffectteensold traditionsnot wantshift change lose loss endanger die outdisappear loss剑桥雅思四册 TEST 2 PASSAGE 2文章 题目unusualdifferWestern worldconservative attitude/loath visitWestern countries reluctant consult climb/popularity contactincrease visithigh standing of professionals take course practitioner business/clientele attend higher opinion retrain therapists salary visitlong-termchronic illness medical complaints剑桥雅思四册 TEST 2 PASSAGE 3题目 文章 not normally link-upunusual connection beneficialenhance creativity timingrecord how much time physical hazards mental cost animals their lives cognitive involvement childrenexercise humanshunt, mate and socialize as adults build muscle/endurance training/get into shape larger brain adult activities build up strength organ growth concerning surroundings a wide range of fitness training specific sustenance linkit’s to do with environmentkaleidoscope/a lot different contexts improvement in endurance particular chemical associate 剑桥雅思四册 TEST 3 PASSAGE 1文章 题目credit loan factorreason povertyindependentdemand for income independence entrepreneurship parents or guardiansset up their own business familysupply provision lend money charge interest modest ratesin association with other types supportloan pay back slightly more as a part of aid剑桥雅思四册 TEST 3 PASSAGE 2文章 题目feature of our planet unpredictability sectioncontinent/atmosphere/water not predictable fractureblock any further eruptioncontinent remain inactiveearth ’s land surface produce make swiftly quickly horizontally extrusionhorizontal outcrop with tremendous force violently剑桥雅思四册 TEST 3 PASSAGE 3题目文章non-verbal behavior/facial expression body language written commentsage, sex, social background aware taking notes social situation self-conscious minimize severalless variousa large number of points convenience unavoidable many general specific data convenient necessary the number of enable allow limitation statement unbiased miss comment objectively enablecancover the language as a whole deal only with depend on/factor derivea wide range of language focus on affect gainnative speaker of the language coverage those who speak the language concerned cover supplement dataadditional informationneed rely on剑桥雅思四册 TEST 4 PASSAGE 1题目文章the early years of the twentieth century about 1900 intensive burst dramatic growing international giftedexplosive release greatly increasing globalpossess the unique complement of genes identify recognizeat a younger age American on early US rely on method approach aim tofocus on increasedevelopinadequate diet link todeficiency in trace minerals lead toenable records to be broken focused set new records better play a role importantcomprehend/understanding understanding fundamental key usefulexplaincurrent knowledge basic剑桥雅思四册 TEST 4 PASSAGE 2文章题目creative imagination investigating and creativity investigation as well as include translatepartly interpretationwhat these things mean for the human story ancient languagesmovie film realityrealistic pictureportrayalin a more restricted sense recordin more than one way document subdivide evolutionary building shape break down into evolve dwellinground/square whyreasontool and weapons/material written word importance objects written records valuable just as/rather like compare剑桥雅思四册 TEST 4 PASSAGE 3文章题目be faced witheconomic progress sustainbe sharedeconomic development sustainable role obligation or duty consequence awareness increaseimpact realization rise dramaticeconomic progress providesharpeconomic growth produce it was assumed without question that belief accept acceptance guarantee provision independence at about the same time limitensure provideself-determiningat exactly the same time finite sink inbecome evident population changes have an impact underestimatedemographic and social changes stem from/accompany predict 剑桥雅思四册 GENERAL TRAINING READING TEST A SECTION 1文章题目scenic woodland small charge deliverypeaceful country surroundings extra fee deliverluxury accommodation warm welcomeprevious experience, ability lift your spirit all the family maximum attention special concert participationdevelop the confidence in no timehave dinner and stay the night friendly greeting relevant skills cheer you up a variety of ages individual guidance public performance participant overcome shyness rapid剑桥雅思四册 GENERAL TRAINING READING TEST A SECTION 2文章题目 have the opportunity working allocate job election electchildren’s center reserve a placegraphic and visual communication skills perform arts and the media construction, properties manage nursery carefirst come, first-served advertising TVarchitecture management company the disabled secretarial tasksbusinesspeople with special needs office worksalon, facial massage and skin care, make-up, beauty therapy lash and brow treatment, artificial nail structures and ear piercing 剑桥雅思四册 GENERAL TRAINING READING TEST A SECTION 3文章题目better-constructed narratives more impressive a great deal of money well-written narratives excellent plenty of capital buy purchase makepracticeoutside the major studios commercial success cinemanot in major studios profitable film industry biggest largest/dominant pioneerfirststar systemcommercial success based primarily on traditional play a roleresponsible for creating stars make the most money based more on own influence剑桥雅思四册 GENERAL TRAINING READING TEST B SECTION 1文章 题目receipt booking cost receivereservationpayment paid rental broken breakdown repair servicebuffethave it replaced foodcateringwedding solicitor/legal serviceestate and property agents family roomslawyer livefind somewhere to stay financeauditing, accountancy and taxation 剑桥雅思四册 GENERAL TRAINING READING TEST B SECTION 2文章 题目tropical fruitbanana growingcultivation cattle farming recreation program elderly care infant illness beach protection fishing farming buyagriculture including Beef and Dairy fitness instruction courses aged support programearly childhood nursing program coastal management marine industry management purchase 剑桥雅思四册 GENERAL TRAINING READING TEST B SECTION 3文章题目pass on message unravel the mysterymeasurement of the actual distance innercommunicate the purpose expressing distance insidepoint directly topoint in the direction of剑桥雅思五册同义词替换 剑桥雅思五册 TEST 1 PASSAGE 1文章 题目draw on don’t ignore contemporary in general use time limitlivingbe not seriously rivaled deadlinedifferent shades of meaning subtleties of meaning available overto hand in excess of recognize as throughout Europe confer be hailed asin many European countries bring offer grant rise grow riseincrease lead to be associated with famous in installment die well known payment not survive剑桥雅思五册 TEST 1 PASSAGE 2文章题目 biologicalbehavior explanation help built-in/instinct/genetic traitin the cause ofhave a positive effect be instructed administer carry on go on be told give continue continue before prior to predict estimate willingness comply with expected expected statistical believe be willing to obey predictanticipate1000,450,etc. (number) claim valuepositive sociological personal value personal more powerful generalsocial environmentpersonal and moral code individual surrender in essence 剑桥雅思五册 TEST 1 PASSAGE 3题目文章 get worse a hit-list of associate not acceleratepessimistic view a number of link slow downrestrict slow down less not increaselopsidedness funding money selection financial fundsoverstate argument skepticism newspapers and broadcasters want exaggerateclaimcriticismnewspaper print items expectationdistortion of perception trash mislead wasterubbish wastefuture long-term pressing urgent剑桥雅思五册TEST 2 PASSAGE 1 文章题目reshape like mould into new forms in a similar waytotally first entirely in origindistinction a number of factor unique several reasonimmense progress domain find great advance field searchsubstitutesuch asbe calledsuch asgranularextreme heat extractpopularflow into the mould todayalternativelikebe known ase.g.grindintense heatremovefashionablefill the mouldmodern-daywelcomedimmediatelywelcomed剑桥雅思五册TEST 2 PASSAGE 2题目popularityin its early years no disdain文章biological dubbiologically consider believe express the idea feel believe safelycontrollednervous energy release psychic tension puncture modern theorists settle on beliefcurrent thinking not ignore viewlanguage machines present activity associate with demanding rapid understanding and reasoning in artificial intelligence use activate involve with difficult instantly because reactas a result of respond person’s outlook depend on work person’s subjective views relate to operation valuablepretty good 剑桥雅思五册 TEST 2 PASSAGE 3文章 题目exploitation development scientists lackexploit revolutionsocially privileged thinkers Have neither A nor B a suitable writing style describe lose momentum growth a new kind of writing description be overtaken developas as a direct result of competitive competition剑桥雅思五册 TEST 3 PASSAGE 1文章题目family configuration a cross-section of disappointing explanation phenomenal resultfamily type the range of fail reason positive outcomea cross-section ofsocio-economic status disappointing provide a variety ofpoor and wealthy do not succeed supply not substantial in an attempt toovercome educational under- achievement auditory insufficient be designed toimprove educational development listening verbalspeakinglanguage ability advance interact with others score highly剑桥雅思五册 TEST 3 PASSAGE 2文章 题目sediment sedimentation food production threat food chain poisonbe being eroded/scour away significance erodedisappear valuable erosion coast/coastline hold back sediment a lot of sediment pollutioncoastalland losshigh levels of sediment pollutant marked increasein the short termSignificantly/dramatically build upin the immediate future 剑桥雅思五册 TEST 3 PASSAGE 3文章 题目spot camouflaged vehicles on a battlefieldmilitary disparate field separate areaunifybring together re-enter/rehabilitation ignite public debate termagainbecome a common topic of conversation expressionemail/web pages meet this challenge peakinformation available electronically deal with difficulties not lowest point reflectencapsulate undue optimism boost original expectation benefit investorinvestment剑桥雅思五册 TEST 4 PASSAGE 1文章 题目boomingexpansion fragile regionsfood-supplyinternational effects wilderness regionshunting animals and fish and collecting fruits all across the worldimpacts profound disruptive demands needs needs aspiration little or no lowinvestment financial cost attractiveNot throughout the year ecological culturally result in fallattractionseasonality/ defined parts of the year ecology culture lead to declinefarm output and a change in the local diettraditionallyfood produced locally traditionalfood-gatheringdamage hunting animals and fish and collecting fruits undermine local populationrenaissance local community reviveestablish business produce and sell剑桥雅思五册 TEST 4 PASSAGE 2文章题目rare/few and far between unusual claim say press publicity suppress the most extreme failure examine all the glass strong ordinary glass sharp don’t want the oldest fail analyzeevery glass pane strength standard glass razor-sharp tinysmall without warning/unpredictable unexpectedly heat 620° rapidly make interiorquicklymanufacture innertensile force create tension form disagree datadispute evidence impossible to find almost certainly not plenty no doubt剑桥雅思五册 TEST4 PASSAGE 3文章题目considerableexperimental evidence species plentyscientific evidence typesinduceencouragebreed out of season life cycle trigger breed even in midwinter vegetative state cue not yet have yet to growing usefulgrowth excellentfluctuate greatly from day to day are known asregardless of photoperiod temperate-zone birds by unpredictable are referred to asdo not respond to light levels birds in temperate climates depend on reproduce reproduction no limit fertilizationgerminate, flower and seed never reach a maximum like such as assuredavailability longer days toleranceincreasing day length tolerant 剑桥雅思五册 GENERAL TRAINING READING TEST A SECTION 1文章 题目purchasebuya minimum of two months overnightwithin two months next-day art paintings/photography/informative text nesting site and migration patterns hikerfield bushwalking Geographica world atlas/maps/land/climate around the globe mountain bike the A-Z of two wheels encyclopedia wildlifeanimalsprehistoric animals graphic dinosaur pictorialoutdoor safety car tour survival techniques in the Wild driving adventure剑桥雅思五册 GENERAL TRAINING READING TEST A SECTION 2文章 fee 题目 costsupportassistancein other countries anyin countries other than the USA no restrictionassessment learning method transcript, relevant award documentationclass participation, presentation and projects, lecture, seminar, case studies, class workshop first daynew 剑桥雅思五册 GENERAL TRAINING READING TEST A SECTION 3文章 题目need require deprivation result deprive found that researchers investigation sleep disturbance whysleep disorder reasonsleep reduction therapyovercome sleep-related problemsregulating the time people go to bed and when lifestyle changes they get up, improve sleep qualityenable the body to rest and replenish, allowing remain mentally and physically healthy time for repairs to take place and for tissue to be regenerated pillman-made product commercialized sleeplessness sleeping habit physical change process sales have increased sleep disorder sleeping pattern change with agefive stages and four cycles repeat more than once various stages movefive stages movement剑桥雅思五册 GENERAL TRAINING READING TEST B SECTION 1文章 题目footwear warn official wear shoes it is better marshal every half-hourfrequencycomputer-driven technologicaltravel back through the centuries, travel to the time travel twenty-third century novelbook launch a new science fiction introduction a set of present-day travel series now travelogue robberies look into crime investigate剑桥雅思五册 GENERAL TRAINING READING TEST B SECTION 2文章 should exclusive pay 题目advised excluding charge obtainavailableno space for parking broadband Internet recent initiative the academic year privately-owned communal inconvenient for car owners surfing the Web new option a yeardoes not belong to the College not have your own剑桥雅思五册 GENERAL TRAINING READING TEST B SECTION 3文章题目the numbers have been falling, decrease in threat population over 2000 species variations in type distribution attraction life-cycle heat every part of the globe attract/touristslife is divided into four distinct stages hot hatch adult life production adulthood liveclear decline causes dampnot unknown decreasing reason wet剑桥雅思六册同义词替换剑桥雅思六册TEST 1 PASSAGE 1 文章题目expertiseskillsa number of sports apply one to others focus on one aim scientific questions 3D/digital camera copy different sports exchange narrow the scope research activity visual image reproducefundfinancechampionship will be eventin the future planpreparedevelop produceslice not improve剑桥雅思六册TEST 1 PASSAGE 2题目文章global economy grow/rise/expand world economy increaseat a compound rate of about twice lose its advantagescompetitive a greater rate not effective effective nearby nations prefergeographic neighborsdisproportionatelydisk-drive computer componentseffectinfluencepurchase rely ondomestic market innovation/inventionkeep a much firmer hand on local supplier introduction reduce剑桥雅思六册TEST 1 PASSAGE 3 文章题目unusual incidents hardships unprecedented events difficulttreeless polar desert that’s covered with snow provisions impactlandscape supplier effect have more credibility and weight knowledge gap/uncertainty get some idea hardships respect understanding limited appreciate problems visit venture intoout of the question survive impossible sustenance rely on by exploit catch4500 years ago environment test them to the limits well adapted descendants harshfor thousands of years surroundings push to their limits not unmanageable present inhabitants struggle a fewa handful ofover the past 40 years abandon in recent years give upwaylifestyledepend mainly on expensiverely heavily oncostly/￡7000 a year 剑桥雅思六册 TEST 2 PASSAGE 1文章题目win/ work spectacular well local pressure far higher commuting time wealthysuccessful people power increase traveling time higher incomes pushing everyone into the city center not a best approach dispersal in population lead to overcrowded center avoidpopulation distribution impacttransportpublic and private system improve the quality of life prefer create a better place to live preference innernot outerbicycle-friendly not specialhigh level of bicycle usage only averagely goodinefficient public transportminimal public transporthardinappropriaterail transport system profitablyrail networkwork spectacular well 剑桥雅思六册 TEST 2 PASSAGE 2题目文章gather datamedical complaintscarry out research medical problems in this age group, associated with old age majorage-related most common falling smaller/fewer and fewer afflict sufferresearchers American scientiststhe United States show confirm accelerating medical increasing medicine development improved play a part increase due to advance improvements contributing surgecause/influence/effect better-educated correlation live longer represent education linklife expectancy showsignificant drop elderly considerable reduction old suggest mean financial burden expectedcostpreviously predicted more independent regular amounts of exerciseprevent mental decline reduce stress lonelinessrise in levels of stressincreasing self-reliance maintaining a level of physical activity help mental functioning lower levels of stress emotionally isolated higher levels of stress 剑桥雅思六册 TEST 2 PASSAGE 3文章题目grow plants and herd animals paramounta sophisticated system limitedfarming necessarya developed system restrictedqualify as a witnessa sense of number fundamental stepnot attachment particular objectsvery first stageis this enoughhow manyrather thanresolve confusion gesture languagelack of abilitydeal with large numbers average fulfill a civic role arithmeticnecessaryseparatephysical objectsearlysufficiencyquantitymore importantprevent misunderstanding body languagenot be able toexpress large numbers generallypoor counting abilitynot the sameoldnot as familiar with numbersdistinctrelicslater newer剑桥雅思六册TEST 3 PASSAGE 1 文章题目14 Boulevard des Capucines in Paris medium for telling storiesbecome locationfocus on stories come to changing speed other cultures actorshappen so quickly American life and values starsbe worth trying shock important reactinitial firstall that mattered at first importantvery early passing of time uncertainbig screenflow of timeIt was by no means obviousmovie剑桥雅思六册TEST 3 PASSAGE 2 文章题目have establishtargetsspecific goalsreceive comments achievablepersonalizeperformancemake rewards contingent on give feedback realistic individuals achievement link rewards totransparent/equitable/equal mobile/leavehighest skills and experience be prone to fair lose more skilled tend toworkers employeesnot well suited to team work manipulated feel independence manipulative perceive participationparticipate earnings disclose less need important promotionjudge sth to be importantremuneration/salary/bonuspublicise/openly communicate/visible less important near the top of their list advancement rate sth very highly 剑桥雅思六册 TEST 3 PASSAGE 3文章 题目researchers note studies show treatment drugs on the market slow human aging findingsavailabledelay the process of growing old scientific evidence eating fewer calories extend human life not many people not attractive shorter liveseat what they wanted less likely to become diabetic reduce chance of heart disease greater quantity of less caloric restrictiondelay aging/increase longevity few mortals harshnot liver longer free-feedingreduce risk for diabetesdecreased likelihood of heart disease not have lower levels minimize the amount generationproduction because possibility/explanation/contribute to emission emit hypothesis because scare in short supply focus onemphasize 剑桥雅思六册 TEST 4 PASSAGE 1文章题目pharmaceutical company offer sb sthdrug companies expect sth from sb$1000 honoraria responsibilityescalating extravagance marketingfinancial incentives responsible increase promotion positive side be not persuaded promotion works marketing techniques criticism tremendous advantage be not influencedaffect what physicians prescribe marketing practices criticize ethical judgmentmoral groundsget the attention of busies doctors in need of use to doctors quick information doctor/nurse watchhealthcare environment clearly visibleTablet bearing a pharmaceutical company’s drug promotion logo/ pen emblazoned with a drug’s name Have every right make a profit legitimate make money剑桥雅思六册 TEST 4 PASSAGE 2题目文章 300000 large numbers of men and women teach adults learnaccept the idea decadesknowfor many years child health maternal literacy investigate children’s chances of survival woman’s ability to read examinevalue its children more highly attitudes to children teaching reading to poor adult women children maternal literacy infant educate learn to read child mortality figureinfant mortality rate remain more or less unchanged work as wellEducation budget stay successfulMoney spent on female education剑桥雅思六册 TEST 4 PASSAGE 3文章 题目 researchcommoneffect survey a quarter oflead to suicide/ make the child feel unworthyand depressedchangenew approach have difficulty relationships in later life decline by 50% anti-bullying campaign important step produce experience difficultiesinterpersonal relationships as adultsbe halvedintervention campaign key step develop clearly quite clear detailed explicitwhat will be doneearly phases of development alone reactearly part of the process on its own not permanent potentialshort-term liable distinguish supervisor recognize the difference supervision剑桥雅思六册 GENERAL TRAINING READING TEST A SECTION 1文章题目weekends and nights outside normal working hours speak first general information ask primary point of contact basic information request brief detailsexplain your symptoms or illness your problem moverelocatehave a record of your telephone number new contact details not nilshowreport to sb member look attalk to sbstaff coordinator剑桥雅思六册 GENERAL TRAINING READING TEST A SECTION 2文章题目on the basis of every second year applicantsfull-free scholarship half-free scholarship no chargeonnot every year studentspay 100% of the student’s tuition fees 50% of one y ear’s fees no fee formatted floppy disk at any time book floppy disk at all times reserve accessusebe advised to do should剑桥雅思六册 GENERAL TRAINING READING TEST A SECTION 3文章题目more prosperous/ large total population/ development increased per capita consumptionwater-intensive/consume 70%of the world’s thirsty fresh water improvesuccessful economic reduce charge/cost/incentive/commodity/market cut back on loss/leakwasteenvironment/ecosystem/grass/vegetation/plants natural resourcesfuture grim prospect increase rise rapidly dramatically increasingly growing biggermore increased largertotal population global population charge high prices dramatically increase increase the efficiency application protect price increasesimprove the rate substantially high levels of water-use efficiency use prevent better improved improved interfere worsenaffect add toAfrica, the Middle East and the Mediterranean m any countries 剑桥雅思六册 GENERAL TRAINING READING TEST B SECTION 1文章题目academic staff/education hospital and medical staff higher education self-employment hospitalitygovernment position rural/farm casual work online teachers nursesuniversitystart your own business hoteljobs in public administration agricultural temporary work Internet half-price discount disability wheelchair user a group of accompanyparties of companion。
雅思阅读同义替换整理(完整)
雅思阅读同义替换整理adequate inadequatesufficient deficient=insufficient充足的ample 反不充足的scarce / rare(Enough) plenty of (Not enough) shortageabundant lacking / lackraiseriseincreasegrow上升soar/surgeascendaccelerate=speed upboost / promote / enhance v. 促进prosper / thrive / flourish v. 繁荣beneficial/ profitable / rewarding/ successful a. 有利的, 成功的advantage/ virtue/ merit/ benefit/ strength/ positive side n. 优点，好处fall / drop / plunge/ slumpdecrease / decline / descend 下降degrade / degenerate/ deteriorate v. 恶化, 退化devastate / destroy/ demolish v. 破坏reduce / reductionlessen / minimize下降relieve / alleviate v. 减轻vanish / disappear/fade v. 消失depression/ recession n. 衰退harmful/ devastating/ detrimental a. 有害的poisonous / toxic / noxious a. 有毒的disadvantage/failing/ defect/ drawback/ fault/ weakness/negative side n. 缺点，不利obstacle/ barrier/ hurdle / hinder / obtrude 阻碍sharply副词swiftly slowlyrapidly gradually快速地quickly 缓慢地steadilyrapidly instantly slowly by degreeimmediately step by steppromptlyinfluence/ impact/ effectaffect/ ruin影响interfere with / intervene indisturb/ disrupt有效的：valid / effective / efficient正面的：favorable, positive有成果的：productive/ fruitful/ rewarding灾难性的：disastrous, destructive, devastating, catastrophic 负面的：adverse, negative有毒的：poisonous, toxic, noxious, harmfulconsiderablesubstantial intenseenormous intensivetremendous 强烈的severeimmense extreme巨大的，众多的dramatic drasticgreat/many drastic explosivesignificant indispensablecountless vitalnumerous 重要的crucialinnumerable criticalvast essentialradical fundamental=basicadvanced rudimentarysophisticated 反crude先进的perfect 落后的，原始的primitiveunmatched undevelopedunrivalled underdevelopedout of datecomplexexcellent marked complicatedoutstanding 明显的obvious 复杂的sophisticatedexceptional evident intricatedistinguished apparentremarkable remarkable著名的extraordinaryfamous prominenteminent feeble variouspre-eminent fragile 多样的diversedominant 脆弱的vulnerable 不同的diversifiedbrittle distinctstagnant mobile （motion=movement）stationary 反dynamic静止的static 移动的migratorystable/steady稳定的locomotivefluctuate v. 波动connected to seperatelinked to 反分离的segregated与...相关联associated with scatteredrelated to detachedholy prosperous novelsacred 繁荣的thriving 创新的innovative神圣的heavenly 兴旺的booming creative divine flourishing originalfatal dishonest quaint致命的deadly 不诚实的古怪的oddmortal deceptive strange weirdlethal bizarrepeculiar recent最近的current appropriate chronic现在的nowadays 适合的proper 长期的present suitable long-termcontemporary fitexpensivefrugal hardworking costly节俭的thrifty 勤劳的industrious 奢侈的exorbitant economical diligent 昂贵的luxuriousarduous sumptuousexcessive fair objective公平的equal 客观的随意的casual equitable unbiased randomimpartial unplannedapproximate puzzlingabout confusing broad大约almost 令人困惑的bewildering 广阔的vast nearly perplexing widevirtually great动词：transform transmit改变shift 发送transferchange convert send deliverturn...into emit=give offoffer finance support提供grant 资助fund 支持advocate provide supply sponsor champion render subsidizeinhabit replace administer 居住lodge substitute 管理administrate live reside 取代take the place of manage dwell swap=exchange互换accommodate提供住宿dispute / argue争议（controversial有争议的）refute/ reject/ refuse 拒绝get rid ofconflict/ conflicting 矛盾的，冲突的去除eliminate驳斥oppose/ opposition 反对除掉dismiss反对object/ objection 反对dispose ofanti-词根表反对abandon=give upagree/ agreement quetsion / debate同意consensus 共识质疑agree no doubt/ undoubtedly doubt skepticism/ criticism反considering /regarding regardless of不考虑考虑到given/in view of 鉴于diffuse duplicate reproduce distribute复制replicate 繁殖multiply 扩散dispersecopy reproduce breed propagate spread extendpropagate restrict createrestrain produce take place限制constrain 产生develop 发生happenlimit confine make manufacture occurbound/limit yieldemphasize recognize motivatestress identify stimulate强调focus on 辨认distinguish 激励facilitate concentrate on understand promotehighlight appreciate encouragecombine separate strike=hitconnect split crash联合unite 分离segregate 撞击clash统一join 隔绝isolate=insulate隔绝conflict 冲突link distinguish 区分break upassociate 摔碎shattermerge合并fragments碎片lead to originate from survivecontribute to derive from 存活bring about date from sustain导致result in 源自于come from revive引发cause from extend from 复活cause induce range from Renaissance sparkrecall anticipaterecollect forecast check回忆retrospect 预期predict 检查examine remember expect inspectmemorize foreseeguess in advancedegrade demolish criticize恶化degenerate 拆毁knock down 批评blame deteriorate devastate reproachdismantlestart开始begin attract hinderinitiate 吸引fascinate 阻碍obtrudelaunch obsess hurdlecommence lure barrier/obstacle n.temptpollute classify assume污染分类认为contaminate categorize suppose。
剑桥雅思阅读真题同意替换整理版——新东方曹敏
reduce
decrease, drop, fall, slow
minus, decline, descend, down, cut, small, recession, shrink, leak, downward, small
6
use
consume
apply, employ, utilize, adopt, make use of
44
difficulty
barrier
not deal with, not handle, not tackle, shortcoming, disadvantage, mistake, drawback, ban, problem
45
first
coin
start, primary, elementary, primitive, original, initial, begin, find, discover, create, invention, build, construct, compose
11
financial
finance
cost, economy, economic, bill, fee, fare, freight,charge,money, consumption, expenditure, spend, tax, tariff, expense, duty, custom, currency, fund, invest, donation, scholarship, penny, pound, dollar, rent, deposit, value, worth。。。。$
dental
tooth, teeth
dentist
剑桥雅思(5-9)阅读同义替换词
剑桥雅思（5-9）阅读词汇同意替换Cambridge IELTS 5-9 Reading Paraphrases1. 本文包括题目中出现的同意替换（划线部分，题目词汇在前），也列出文章里较难词汇的同义词（[]中为反义词）2. 用法：做完题目后查对同意替换；精读文章时学习词汇3. 每篇词汇顺序有些杂乱，有待改进4. 参考资料：灵格斯词典中RogetⅡ: The new thesaurus 同义词词典5. 难免有疏漏错误，欢迎指正5-1-1 Johnson’s dictionarycircumscribe limit, confine, restrictgrowing importance rise, increased demandlead to be associated with, be linked towell known famousaccept the contract sign the contractnot have a withoutin excess of overcontemporary text from Elizabethans to his own time, living languagetime limit deadlinesubtleties of meaning shades of meaningprevious writer predecessor, precedentvicissitude difficulty, hardshippatronage support, sponsorshipascertain determinebring conferEnglish language the language of his countryesteem respectprevail persuadegrant offer5-1-2 Nature or nurture? (难，可精读，实验类文章)distaste dislike, aversionsuccessive subsequent, consecutivedenounce accuse, condemnreluctant unwilling, disinclinedoverwhelming greatconsensus agreement, unanimitystatistic number, data, percentage, proportion, figurediscrepancy difference, distinction, gap, incongruity, inconsistencymake-up character, personality, qualityremnant remainder, residuebenevolent [malevolent]property quality, charactermalevolent evil, maliciousforgo give up, abandonelucidate explain, illustrate, clarifybiological genetic (animal aggression instinct, primal urge) help have a positive effect oninstructed toldcomply obey, conformpositive mechanism advantageous traitpersonal values personal and moral code5-1-3 The truth about the environment （驳论文）pessimistic get worse, dark, dismal; [optimistic]be linked to be associate withslow down restrict; [accelerate]long-lasting extend well into our futurecatastrophic devastatingright appropriatedisjunction separationlopsidedness imbalanceexaggerate overstateclaim argumentselfless altruistic, benevolent, charitable, philanthropic characteristic feature, qualitycriticism scepticismimpartial objective, unbiased, neutralmeet reader s’ expectation provide what the public wants dispose throw awaywaste trash, rubbishgreen house gases carbon dioxide emissionsurgent pressing5-2-1 Bakeliteconstituent element, componentin a similar way to likein that becausebe moulded into new form reshapeorigin be derived fromreason impetus (stimulation, motivation, incentive) great advances immense progressin the field of in the domain ofpragmatic practical, realisticalternative substitutedwindle decrease, diminishamass accumulate, collectoriginal first, initial, primary; (true, authentic)outline (v.) give a general description, brief (n.), summary (n.)know as calle.g. such as, for exampleintense extreme, strongremove extractresin molten Bakelitedisdain despise, contempt, scornenjoy an unparalleled popularity be welcome; [fall of fovour]relish enjoy, savour, flavour, tasterange of colours array of shades5-2-2 What’s so funny? （抽象，可精读）nervous energy psychic tensioncontrolled release safely punctureludicrousness ridiculousness, funninesssettle on choose, agreeresolution solutionincongruity inconsistency, discrepancy, disagreementlinguistic lingualartificial intelligence language understanding and reasoning in machines revolve rotate, orbitinterpretation understandingapt appropriate, smartmutate change, convert, transformtrigger induce, causelinked to be critical foractivate spring to lifeinvolved with is associated withmost difficult task extremely demanding jobrespond instantly a rapid emotional assessmentwhatever is happening the events of the momentreact respondrecognition acknowledgementindividual responses to joke whether a joke gives pleasure or pain relate to depend onsubjective view outlookoperation work5-2-3 The birth of scientific English (难，多句意替换而非词汇替换) given considering, taking (sth) into accountprominence eminence, distinction, prestige, fameintellectual thinker, intellect, brain, scholarrenaissance revival, renewaldevelopment revolutionhow to express ideas language, writing styletreatise dissertationproperties quality, characteristic, featureperversely unreasonably, oddlydomain area, field, territorypreliminary preparatory, unpolishedcipher codeobscure vague, ambiguous; hide, concealcling to stick to, attach toinadequacy incapability, insufficiency, defect, deficiencyobjective impersonalentity existence, object, wholetranscript written copyinaugurate begin, launchfoster encourage, promote, cultivatekind genre, styledescriptions accountsspecific particularformative shaping, influentialbe overtaken this momentum was lostmomentum force, impetuslexis vocabulary; (lexical)institute establish, set up, inaugurate5-3-1 Early childhood educationsocio-economic background status, positionbe predicated on be based onbypass avoid, ignoreconfiguration pattern, shapefoster develop, encourage, nurturephenomenal wonderful, amazing, fantastic, marvelousperpetuate eternalize, immortalizeadminister give, provide, apply, carry out, managea variety of cross-section (typical, representative)not succeed disappointing, failedinsufficient inadequate, deficient, scarcefunding moneysuccess phenomenalscore highly make great stridelistening, speaking auditory comprehension, verbal ability and language ability interact with others social development5-3-2 Disappearing delta (难，多句意替换)erode corrode, wearastounding startling, amazing, astonishing, surprisingerosion scoured awaydeposit sedimentrelatively high still a lot ofdivert turn, shiftcanal channel, watercoursesedimentation the sediment sinks to the bottom of the canals laden loadedmunicipal urban, metropolitancoincide concurfood production food chain, fishing industryprincipally mainly, chiefly, primarilylook at pay close attention todevise design, invent, conceive, think upmarked increase be building up faster and faster5-3-3 The return of artificial intelligence (抽象选择题难)poised readyignite kindlecommon topic of conversation public debateirony inverted commashype pufferyjustification reasonrehabilitation recoveryinformative educational, instructive, enlighteningbring together encompass (include, contain, comprise)separate research areas disparate fields (different, diverse, various) lowest point [peak]rear bring up, raiseensue follow, succeedundue excessive, extravagantretrenchment reduction, curtailmentbe justified materialize (happen)fruition fulfillment, realizationperception optimism, realize, deem, regardpremature early, untimelyalign (with) allymundane ordinary, seculardeem consider, reckon, thinkimplement do, execute, perform, carry outmilitary impact spot camouflaged vehicles on a battlefielddifferentiate discriminate, distinguishexacerbate worsen, aggravatecategorise classifyreflect encapsulate (epitomise, symbolise)contemporary 1960s5-4-1 The impact of wilderness tourismexpansion boomlow financial cost of setting up little or no initial investmentin terms of from the perspective of/ with respect to /in respect of/with (in) relation to/ with reference to/ regarding/ concerningin this/these respect(s) from this angle/perspective/aspectregion areacharacteristic (n./adj.) feature; distinctive/typicalprevail dominateprevailing dominant/popular/widespread/prevalentdraw attractlandscape sceneryunique incomparable/unparalleledindigenous nativeisolated separate/solitary/alone/detachednew breed of kind/typegrateful appreciative/thankfulprofound deep, abstrusetrekker hikerfall declinethe amount of food farm outputtend carefood gathering hunting animals and fish and collecting fruitinhabitant dweller, residentculprit reason, sinnerundermine weakenpattern systemdilemma problem, difficulty, paradoxerosion corrosiondegradation demotion, reductiondisruptive troublesome, disturbing, intrusive, unsettlinglegion numerous, myriadinevitably inescapably, unavoidablyvehicle tool, media, meansreinvigorate restore, revitalise, reviveover the long term in the long runintegrate combine, incorporate, synthesiseconcern business, care, worryrevived renaissancecommunal public, mutualexploit use, developtransient temporaryrepatriate sendhome base headquartersaccrue accumulate, aggregatereservation preserve, reservepurchase buyhandicraft artwork, artifactproduce and sell businessaspiration ambition, dreamnorm rule, standard5-4-2 Flawed beauty: the problem with toughened glass (题目难) exert use, wield, manipulatepropagate breed, reproduce, spawn, advertise, disseminate subsequent after, laterconvert change, revertelapse passunusual rare, few and far between, uncommonpublicity press, promotion, advertising, propagandasuppress repress, sensor, banclosely examine analyse, inspect, investigatefavour love, prefer, approve (v.)fragment shard, scrapunexpectedly without warning, unpredictablyquickly rapidly, swiftly, promptlydispute argue, debate, contestincidence scale, extent, size5-4-3 The effects of light on plant and animal speciescue clue, hint, suggestionuseful reliablebe unpredictable fluctuate (vary)plenty considerablescientific evidence experimental evidencetypes speciesencourage induceout of season midwinterlight levels photoperiodbe referred to be known asreproduction breeding, propagationlonger days increasing day lengthsplants that flower when days are long long-day plants reproduce fertilizationperennial long-lasting, permanent, durableyet notcue triggeruptake intake, understandlimit maximumhorticulture gardening6-1-1 Australia’s sporting success （段配句难）demolish defeat, destroy, pull downunderpin support, back, establishfunded support financeathletes sportsmen and womencollaborate cooperateexpertise skills, ability, craft, techniquenarrow the scope focus onwring squeeze, tweak, twistprototype archetype, original, fatherprofile outlinevisual imaging image, digital camerasemploy use, apply, implementinvestigation analysis, examination, survey, inspection obstacles to optimum achievement 句意替换obstacle barrier, hurdle, impedimentoptimum best, optimal, superlative, unsurpassedevent championshipperformance requirements winning times, targetsproduce developplan preparegear towards adapt torival other country, competitor, opponent, contestant, contender reproduce copy, replicate, simulate, imitate, duplicate improve slice …off, cut offunveil uncover, reveal, unmask, display, show, expose, disclose all-encompassing all around, comprehensive, all-inclusive exclusively only, solely6-1-2 Delivering the goodsfreight goods, cargoworld globalincreasing expanding, risingtempt attract, provoke, enticecommerce trade, business, industryeffective trade condition advantagesnearby nations geographic neighbours weakening relationship is unrelated tovalue worthdelivery transportationsmall computer components disk drives product drives, componentslocal domestic, native, internalelectronic delivery telephone lines, optical fibers streamlined improved, more efficient/effective introduction invention, adoptioncapsize overturn, toppleships vessels, containerby and large generallytariff tax, dutyhaulier shipper, carrier, freighteralbeit althoughmonopoly cornerdeter discourage, prevent6-1-3 Climate change and the Inuit （标题较难）unprecedented event unusual incident precarious insecure, uncertaintough difficult, demanding; strong, unyielding autonomy independence, self-government terrain territory, region, areaindigenous native, aboriginalalternative otheressential supplies provisions, imported meat curtail reduce, condenseincidence rate, possibilityeffect impactwell-being health, welfare, prosperityat stake at risktease out obtain, get by, deal withdraw on useresolve address, solvecapricious variable, changeable, inconsistent appreciate understandimpossible out of the questioncatch exploitsustenance food, nourishmentinhabitant colonist, occupanta few a handful ofgive up abandonlifestyles waysdepend mainly on rely heavily onproduce meatexpensive costly6-2-1 The advantages of public transportpeople power democratic (democracy); [republican]favour prefer, approve, accept, benefittravel time travelling time, commuting time, commute timebe stable remain constantcongestion (massive) traffic jams, gridlockwealth incomeviable feasiblerefute disprove, discreditstarkly severely, evidentlyconvert change, transformproposal suggestion, requestadvocate recommend, supportrelated connectedflourish thrive, prosper, boomminimal limited; [maximal]hard inappropriateinhabitant resident, occupant, dweller, (citizen, civilian, populace, people)live accommodationbicycle friendly high level of bicycle usagereasonable averagely good, moderate, temperate6-2-2 Greying population stays in the pinkgreying population elderly peoplein the pink healthyafflict trouble, tortureshow reveal, uncoverage-related medical problems diseases associated with old age, medical complaints speed ratefalling smalleraffect strike, appearincreasing acceleratedevelopment advanceincrease surgedue to reflect, be attributed topollution poorer air qualitylink correlationlife expectancy live longerconsiderable reduction significant dropcost $200 billion, financial burdenpredicted expectedindependence self-relianceretain keep, hold, reserve, maintainexercise physical activitiesdecline deteriorate, degenerate, languish, worsen loneliness emotionally isolatedfare best manage/develop well6-2-3 Numeration （难）bound up with sth. closely connected with sth. sequence of events/words ordersufficiency enoughquality how manyfarming grow plantsdeveloped sophiscatedparamount supreme, primary, dominant arithmetic numerationbody language gesturesprevent misunderstanding resolve any confusion limited restrictedexpress deal withpeople average personfulfil a civic role qualify as a witness in a court of law grasp understanding, capacityconceive think, imaginedistinct separate, evident, clearhindrance barrier, obstaclebe registered in the mind realized, noticed concept specific wordseparate from independent ofnewer laterrelic trace, vestige, remainsindispensable essential, necessary6-3-1 Filmboulevard avenuestunned shocked, astonishedthrilled excitedroutine regular, habitual, frequentgrasp understand, comprehendimportant be worth tryingfirst initialimpact power and magicpassing of time flow of events, flow of timecultures life and valuesactor star, film personalities(film) personality celebrity, heroenduring long-lasting, permanentlegacy heritage, traditionby no means certainly notnovelty newness, innovation, originalitystoryline storynarrative account, story, reportconvention tradition, agreement; conference6-3-2 Motivating employees under adverse conditionsmotivate stimulate, prompt, inspireadverse unfavourable, disadvantageous, negative [positive]grow expanddecline shrinkoptimism [pessimism]entice encouragebe prone to be liable to, be likely to, tend to, incline to, have a tendency to less skilled employee minor/secondary employeeredundant unemployed, dismissedrumour gossipautonomous independent, self-governingaffiliation alliance, associationspecific precise, detailed, exacttarget goal, aim, object, objectivefeedback comment, remarkexternal [internal]be assigned be allocated, be distributedcollectively [individually]in conjunction with together withperception (perceive) sensebe consistent with [be inconsistent with]feel perceiverealistic achievable, attainable, obtainableappraisal assessment, evaluationvalid true, credible, logical, sound, well-groundedreinforce strengthenscope rangeindividual personalisebe contigent on be dependent on, rely onachievement performance, accomplishmentpromotion advancementearning remuneration, payment, salary, compensationdisclose increase the visibility, eliminate the secrecy, expose, reveal, unveil publicise advertise, promotetransparent clear, lucidfair equitable (equity, inequity), equalweigh think over, consider, ponder, reflect, contemplate6-3-3 The search for the anti-aging pillvigor vitality, strengthinfirmity weaknesslongevity long lifedrugs treatmentdelay slowgrowing old agingfewer restrictionextend increaseequivalent (to) equalpeople mortalsdiet regimen (treatment, therapy)disease disordermimic imitate, mockmimetic imitativeate what they wanted free-feedinggreater quantities [lower levels]reduced chance decreased likelihoodless likely to reduced risktaut promote, publicisetoxic poisonousdose amountretard slow, detainproduction generationemit release, send outfocus on emphasizein short supply scarce6-4-1 Doctoring sales （议论文，标题难）representative delegate, deputy, agent; typicalphysician doctor [surgeon]drug company pharmaceutical companyincentive stimulus, encouragementprofile outline, descriptionmoral ethicalbribe buymarketing technique marketing practices escalate increaseextravagance excess, luxury, wastebrochure pamphlet, bookletinundation floodevidence of drug promotion pen, tabletvisible watch, seerecipient receiverpersuaded influencedresearch studyprescribe dispensebottom line final result; essential pointsky-rocketing sky highlegitimate right, legal, lawfulmoney profitscrutinize inspect, examine, check6-4-2 Do literate women make better mothers? adults men and womenmaternal literacy mothers can read and write attitudes to children value its children more highly eliminate remove, excludewhen asmortality deathlevels rate, figureslearn to read be educatedstay remainNational Literacy Crusade campaignchild infantmalnourished undernourishedopt chooseexert apply, useimplication hint, suggestionmoney budgetmaternal [paternal], femaleeffects pay-offbypass avoid, escape, ignoremature adult, grownreplicate copy, duplicate, reproduce6-4-3 Bullyingpersistent enduring, chronic, endlessresearch surveydifficult to deal with recalcitrant, unruly, disobedientchildren who are bullied victimised pupilshave experiencein later life as adultsoffence crime, misdeedcommon refrain clichéresource helpinquiry question, enquiry, investigation, inquestdecline 50% halveoptimum optimal, bestthe most important step a key stepproduce developdetailed explicit, clear, unambiguous, specificsanction permission, approval, penaltyconsultation discussion, conference, counseldisseminate spread, distribute, disperse, propagate implement carry out, do, perform, executeback (up) supportearly part early phasein the light of considering, in the view ofsubstitute replacement, surrogatepotential be liable toself-confident assertivenesseffective usefulrecognise the difference between A and B distinguish A from B prevention intervention7-1-1L et’s go batsfraction amount, proportionuncanny unnatural, weird, unexpected, exceptional navigate find their way, guide, pilot, maneuverearly mammal mammalian ancestoravoid dying out manage to survivein the absence of withoutobstruct block, impedevision seeingmanoeuvre move, guide, performprohibitive expensiveilluminate light, elucidate, clarify, illustratecomparable like, similar, corresponding, parallel, equivalent phantom unreal, ghostarm or leg limbperceive sensecalculate measureapply exploit, implement, practice, usefinding detectionmilitary martial, warlikeor rather more exactly/specifically/accuratelyresult in lead to, perfect (v.) (polish, refine)detection navigationtechnically strictlyinaccurate incorrectrefer to talk about, speak of, mention; concern, be relevant to underlying basic, essential, fundamentalcoin name, call, know as, term, christen, dubcover include7-1-2 Making every drop countmanipulate exploit, use, handleexpand extend, enlargesource origin/derivationinnovative novel/original/unprecedentedlayout design/plan/blueprint/schemeoccupant resident/dweller/inhabitantexplode soarmonumental giant, heroic, historic, significantdue primarily to mainly because ofgenerate produceinferior subordinate; [superior]adequate sufficientconsequence outcomejeopardise endanger/threaten/imperilcompensation paymentspecies breedecosystem environmentthrive prosper/flourishdispute debate/contend/controversytension pressure/stressscientist resource planner, water expertrevision change, shift/amendmentrezort option/resourceopposition resistance/objectionaddress tackle/solve/deal withsurprising unexpectedlydiminish decreasedownward trend fallremarkable notable/exceptionala range of a spectrum ofdomestic home, nationalconserve preserve/savepeak summitstandard specification /criteria/normregion zone/terrain/territoryecological bionomical (bionomics = ecology)/environmental7-1-3 Educating psyche （抽象，难）ways approachesnot traditional radical newunimportant peripheralrecall remembervalid true, credible, well-groundedreadily easilyinstruction education, learning, teaching, order, directionteachers should train students teaching systemvariant versionsolemnly seriouslyprior to beforehand, preliminarydemanding [easy and pleasant]likewise also, furthermoresimilar not unusualconventional classes language teaching, ordinary classes, traditional classes distinctive special, characteristic, typicalretain learn, keep, maintainadmit acknowledgeritual ceremony, form, riteautocratic categoricdesignate allocate, appoint, call, nameaccredited accepted, believedwell known notoriety (fame, popularity, reputation, notoriousness) emulate imitate, copy, compete, contestprocedure sessionunspectacular mediocre7-2-1 Why pagodas don’t fall down (力学背景，较难理解)flimsy delicate, weaklighting illuminationtopple overturn, capsizeflatten leveldevastate destroy, ruinmagnificent majestic, splendid, remarkableunscathed safe, uninjured, unharmederect constructdampen decrease, restrainbuilders carpentersabsorb some of the power sway and settle itselfsevere weather conditions nature’s forcesoriginal firstreligious purpose Buddhismobservation post watchtowerdispense with get rid of, withoutbatter strike, attackeave roofhalf fifty per centfloor storeyresilience flexibility, buoyancypillar column, pilebear the weight carry the loadbend flexstationary fixed, unmoving, stillslither slideconsecutive successivestop constrainjolt shake, bump, jerk7-2-2 The true cost of foodcollateral parallel, additionalenervation depletion, impoverishmentcolossal immense, enormousdecline vanishfertility richness, productivitychemical fertilizerwater sources lakesaesthetic artisticarable cultivabledomestic water drinking waterillness caused by food food poisoningthree different types threefoldsubsidy grantprop up support, sustainfeasible possible, viablepremium additional paymentcommitment responsibility, obligationcomprise contain, encompass, includeinitiate begin, launch, undertakechange shift7-2-3 Makete integrated rural transport project （文章最长）tackle solve, address, cope with, deal with present offer, giveassumption premise, postulation, supposition identify be understoodregarding on, aboutalmost inaccessible be virtually totally isolated local area within the localityimplement carry out, performconstruction buildrefinement improvementlocal people communitiesbuses and trucks motorized vehicleshinder prevent, obstruct, impede, hold back officials authoritiesmodel reference7-3-1 Ant intelligence （难）scrutiny inspection, examination, observation repel repulsecommunication contactpropagate spread, disseminate, breed, reproduce advanced sophisticated, be overtakenaffect ruinwaste use enormous amounts ofsecretion antibioticsunwanted materials wastedevelop domesticategenetic DNAupgrade improve, modifyexchange swap, sharecity life urban lifestyleforcing house encourageintricate complicated, elaborateoutstrip exceed, outdo, surpassfind their way navigateposition bearingsense of smell odourexhaustive thorough, complete7-3-2 Population movements and genetics footing foundation, basis, statuslong-standing long-lasting, old, enduring prehistoric firstvariant variation, diversity, versionmeasure calibratecloseness of the relationship interbreeding further evidence other researchthree-wave theory conclusionsdental teethteeth specimenprehistoric ancientAmerican and Asia New and Old World credence credit, belief7-3-3 The preservation of European forest combat fight, strugglejoint (action) communal, mutualexclude discardcondemned fated, doomedunrivaled unparalleled, incomparable unwind relax, restbiological functions the other aspects natural primarytranscend exceed, surpass, excelboundary frontier, borderresolution conclusion, determination, decision issue publish, releasesurveillance watchculprit sinner, offenderaccentuate emphasizeconcentrate on focus onpreserve reserveinformation databankshared generally availablepriority preferentialresources support7-4-1 Endless harvestbounty bonus, rewardnourishment food, nutritionmore than exceed, in excess ofsharp decrease crashmandate order, commandeach year annualkeep a check monitorauthority power, rightsufficient abundancebe successful prospercommission authorise, entitle, empowerestablish foundcertify witness, guarantee, warrantsubsistence sustenance, livingprompt impel, propel, trigger, stimulatecumulative accumulativeculminate peak, climaxlabel display7-4-2 Pulling strings to build pyramidsreckon deem, considerlarge number of people tens of thousands of slavesperuse study, examinemonument memorialstrange oddposture position, poseintrigue attract, interestrig up set upscaffold stage, platformapex summit, toptrolley cartclean (adv.) completely, entirelyraise liftlift bearlarge pieces of massive blocks ofuse harnessobject artefactresemble look likesend deliverfoe enemy7-4-3 Effects of noiseplausible believable, credibledisruptive troublesome, disturbing, intrusive, unsettling interfere affectat once at the same time, at a timecapability abilityhigh-pitched/ low-pitched noise loud/ soft noise, intense noise make it stop controlreduce eliminatelong-term chronic, lastingmistake errorunexpected unpredictablemanifest take its toll。
剑桥雅思14同义替换整理
剑桥雅思14同义替换整理全文共四篇示例，供读者参考第一篇示例：雅思考试是全球最受欢迎的英语语言能力测试之一，它被认为是用于评估学生英语水平的最好方法之一。
剑桥雅思14是最新的一套雅思考试模拟题，它涵盖了写作、口语、阅读和听力等各个方面，为考生提供了全面的测试和练习。
在剑桥雅思14中，同义替换是一个重要的考点，因为在考试中经常会出现一些同义句型，考生需要能够准确地理解和替换这些句子。
以下是剑桥雅思14中的一些同义替换整理，供考生参考：1. 原句：Many people believe that government should invest more money in arts education.同义替换：A lot of individuals are of the opinion that the government ought to allocate additional funds to arts education.第二篇示例：剑桥雅思14同义替换整理雅思考试是世界上最受欢迎的英语语言考试之一，每年有数百万人参加。
剑桥雅思14是雅思考试的一套备考资料，包括了听力、阅读、写作和口语四个部分，是备考雅思的学生们的重要参考资料之一。
在备考雅思的过程中，同义替换是一个非常重要的技巧，能够帮助考生更好地理解题目，提高答题速度和准确度。
1. 词汇替换在雅思考试中，词汇替换是一个非常重要的技巧。
在剑桥雅思14中，有很多常见的词汇替换，比如：- advantages = benefits- disadvantages = drawbacks- important = crucial- interesting = fascinating- problems = issues- solutions = remedies通过熟练掌握这些词汇替换，考生能够更好地理解题目，准确作答。
2. 句型替换3. 主题替换总结第三篇示例：剑桥雅思14同义替换整理剑桥雅思14是备考雅思的必备教材之一，其中的阅读、听力、写作、口语四大部分涵盖了广泛的话题，对于提高英语水平和应对雅思考试都有很大的帮助。
雅思阅读真题题干-答案同意词替换(统计表背诵版)
阅读题考频考查的单词正确的选项词性中文含义abundant plentiful a.大量的accelerate increase v.加速；加大accessible available a.可用的account explain v.解释；说明2account for explain v.解释，说明accumulate collect v.聚集adhere stick v.黏附；胶着adjunct addition n.附加物administered managed v.管理adorn decorate v.装饰adversely negatively ad.不利地；有害地advocate proponent n.倡导者；辩护者aesthetically artistically ad.审美地；美学地aided helped v.帮助alert wary a.机敏的alter change v.改变；调整alternative option n.替代；替代物altogether completely ad.完全地ancillary secondary a.附属的；辅助的annihilate conquer v.消灭；征服antagonist enemy n.对手；敌人antecedent predecessor n.先辈anticipate look forward to v.期待；盼望appealing attractive a.吸引人的apply used for v.应用；适用appreciated recognized v.赏识arduous difficult a.艰巨的；艰苦的article object n.物品，物体ascend climb v.攀升；升高2assemble gather v.装配；组合2assemble bring together v.装配；组合assortment variety n.形形色色；各式各样assumption belief n.确信的想法attachment preference for n.依恋；偏好attained achieved v.达到attire/costume clothing n.衣着；盛装attribute credit v.被认为；被鉴定attribute characteristics n.特征avid eager a.渴望的；热心的barren infertile a.贫瘠的；不毛的2bias prejudice n.偏见；嗜好bind tie v.捆；绑；使结合boosted raised v.提高，推进bound limit n.范围；界限break departure from n.决裂；破裂brief look glance n.瞥视；浏览bring about cause v.导致；引起brittle easily broken a.易碎的calculate determine v.计算；确定carried on continued v.继续cease stop v.停止；结束celestial astronomical a.天空的；天上的chance/accidental unplanned a.偶然的；碰巧的characteristics qualities n.性质，特性chronicle describe v.记述classify categorize v.分类2clue information n.线索；信息cluster group v.成群coarse rough/crude a.粗糙的component parts n.部分compose focus on v.创作；创造comprise consist of v.包含；包括concealed covered a.隐藏着的conclusive definitive a.最后的concrete specific a.具体的；特定的confine limit v.限制；局限confine restrict v.限制confirm uphold v.证实；确认conflicting opposing a.冲突的；抵触的consequence result n.结果2conserve store v.保存；保护2conserve retain v.保存；保护3considerable substantial /many a.很重要的；很大的consistent constant a.持续的conspicuous noticeable a.显著的constituent component n.成分；要素constitute make up v.构成；组成contemporary existing a.当代的；现有的contemporary written at that time n.同时代convergence gathering n.聚集convert change v.转换converted changed v.转变correspondingly similarly ad.相应地；对应地count weigh v.有价值；有分量counteract negate v.抵消；反作用counterpart versionn.复本；对应物crisscrossmove back and forthv.穿梭；交错往来critical judge of fine arts connoisseur n.鉴赏家；评论家crucialimportant a.重要的cumbersome burdensome a.麻烦的；笨重的dampen moisten v.使潮湿daring bold a.勇敢的；大胆的deftskilled a.熟练的；灵巧的deliberate careful a.审慎的；仔细的demand require v.要求；需求demisedeath n.死亡demonstrate show v.表明；证实dense thick a.稠密的；浓厚的depresslower v.压低；使沮丧derive/acquire obtain v.得到derived from based on v.基于2detectable apparent a.可察觉的；易发现的detecting finding v.探测devastated ruined a.毁坏的；被破坏的developing evolving a.发展的；演化的2devote to dedicatev.致力于；献身于2devote to specializing in v.致力于；献身于dictate determine v.指示；决定dictate determine v.确定；决定diffuse travelv.扩散；传播disaster catastrophe n.灾难discard get rid of v.丢弃；抛弃dispute argument n.争论；争执disseminate spread/impart v.散布；传播2distinct separate/different a.清晰的；不同的distinguish differentiate v.区分；辨别divergence difference n.差异；变化diverse dissimilar a.多种多样的；不一样的diverse varied a.不同的diversedifferent a.不同的dividing lineboundary n.边界；分界线do sth. Repeatedly iterate v.重复；反复2domain field n.领域；范围2domain region n.领域；范围dominate be prevalent in v.支配；控制dramatic striking a.戏剧性的；显著的drastic radical a.激烈的；猛烈的drastically severely ad.激烈的2draw attract v.吸引2draw attract v.吸引draw instruct v.引导durability endurance n.经久，耐久durable long-lasting a.持久的；耐用的dwelling house n.住处；寓所eager enthusiastic a.热心的2easily moved portable a.轻便的；可携带的effect influence v.影响；效果efficiency effectiveness n.效力elevate promote v.提高；提升elicit bring out v.引出embraced welcomed v.欢迎emerge appear v.浮现；出现emit give off v.发出emitting producing v.生产，发行emphasize stress v.强调employ use v.雇佣；应用2enable allow v.使能够；使可能enactment performance n.演出；表演encompass include v.包含ensures guarantees v.保证(绝对性词)entire whole a.全部的entity object n.实体；存在entomb trap v.埋葬；设陷阱era period of time n.时期eradicate eliminate v.除去；消除erroneous ideas misconception n.误解；错误观念erroneously identified as mistake v.误以为；误认为essence basic nature n.基本essential fundamental a.基本的establish create v.设立；创作estimated judged v.鉴定evidence indicate n.迹象；预示exalted superior a.高贵的；崇高的execute create v.造成；制成；履行；执行exercise utilize v.行使，利用exert cause v.引起；产生exorbitant expensive a.昂贵的expendable unprofitable a.没有用的2expose subject to v.使暴露；暴露于2expose uncover v.使暴露；暴露于2extend stretch v.延长；扩展extol praise v.赞美2extract remove v.提取；取得extraordinary supreme a.非凡的；极度的fabricate make v.制作；装配fabricating constructing v.制作，构建faction side n.小派系fatal deadly a.致命的favor prefer v.喜爱favored perferred n.喜爱finding scientific discoveryfine tiny a.细小的finely minutely ad.精细的 flattering complimentary a.称赞的；奉承的flourished thrived n.茂盛formidable difficult a.艰难的forward-looking progressive a.向前看的；有远见的functional usable a.合用的fundamental/rudimentary basic a.基础的；基本的glowing shining a.光亮的good name reputation n.名声；名誉graphic vivid a.生动的hard firm a.坚硬的；牢固的hard to deal with stubborn a.执拗的；固执的herald announce v.预示；预报identical exactly alike a.同样的imitate copy v.模仿；伪造immutable unchangeable a.不变的impediment obstacle n.妨碍；阻碍imperceptibly subtly ad.不可觉察地；极缓慢地implement tool n.工具；器械implication significance n.含义；意义imposing demanding a.紧迫的；紧急的in place of instead of ad.代替 in reality actually n.实际上；事实上inaccessible unreachable a.难接近的；难达到的inception beginning n.起初incinerate burn up v.烧毁incised carved a.雕刻的inclination preference n.倾向；偏好incorporate combine v.结合；合并inhibit hinder/prevent v.阻止；阻碍2initiate start v.开始；引发innovative new a.创新的insignificant unimportant a.不重要的instance case n.实例；例证integral essential a.整体的；不可缺少的integral fundamental a.基本的intense extreme a.强烈的；剧烈的intensive concentrated a.加强的，集中的intent goal n.目的intent purpose n.目的interchangeable equivalent a.相等的；可互换的intervals periods n.周期intervention influence n.干涉；影响intricate complex a.复杂的intriguing attractive a.迷人的 inviting attractive a.吸引人的；诱人的justify prove v.辩护；证实laborious difficult a.费力的lie be located v.位于load weight n.重担lured attracted v.吸引，引诱magnify intensify v.放大；强化3maintain preserve v.维持；坚持major principal a.主要的；大型的make possible allow v.允许；使可能mandated required v.要求margin edge n.边；边缘marked noticeable a.显著的means method n.方法 merely only ad.仅仅地，只不过meticulously careflly ad.小心地minuscule tiny a.很小的；微小的modifying changing v.修改；变化monopolize dominate v.独占；占优势moreover furthermore ad.此外moreover in addition ad.另外motif design n.图案；花纹mundane ordinary a.世俗的；普通的myriad many a.许多的；无数的nascent immature a.新生的；初生的nevertheless however ad.然而；仍然norm standard n.标准noted observed v.注意到noticed announced v.宣告，通告notwithstanding despite prep.尽管noxious harmful a.有害的；有毒的obvious apparent a.明显的；显而易见的optimal best a.最佳的ornate elaborate a.华丽的outbreak beginning n.爆发；开始outline summarizing v.总结；概括outstanding excellent a.杰出的；显著的overtaken surpassed v.赶上，超越peak maximum a.最高的；高峰的peculiar strange a.奇特的penetrate go through v.穿透；透过periphery outer edge n.外围persist continue v.持续personal magnetism charisma n.个人魅力pertinent relevant a.有关的phenomena event n.现象；事件picture imagine n.图片plunge drop n./v.投入，陷入ponderous heavy a.笨重的position job n.职位；职务potential possible a.潜在的；可能的precarious uncertain a.不稳定的precise accurate a.精确的prefer favor v.偏好；喜欢preside manage v.负责；统辖presumably probably ad.大概prevailed dominated v.成功，统治prevailing most frequent a.盛行的；流行的prevailing dominant a.主要的，占优势的prevent avoid v.制止；阻止primarily chiefly ad.主要地primary fundamental a.基本的；初步的prior to preceding a.在先；居前prized valued a.贵重的probe explore v.探察prolific productive a.多产的prolific fruitful a.多产的prominent distinguished a.显著的；卓越的prominent famous a.著名的proponent supporter n.支持者prototype model n.原型；范例protrude project v.突出；伸出pry off locate v.查找puncture pierce v.刺穿；刺破pursue chase v.追赶raise rear v.饲养；养育random unpredictable a.不可知的rapidity swiftness n.迅速rare infrequent a.稀有的；罕见的rather instead ad.相反；相反地readily easily ad.容易地realization awareness n.认识；意识reap accept v.收获；接受rear raise v.培养；饲养reckless irresponsible a.不负责任的recorded documented a.已纪录的recruit enlist v.征募；补充refreshing unusual a.清新的；清爽的regardless of no matter what a.不管relate connect v.相关；关联reliance dependence n.依靠remarkable significant a.异常的；非凡的representative typical a.典型的resemble be similar to v.相似；类似resolve find a solution for v.解决resort to using v.采用revered respected v.尊敬revise change v.修正；改造robust strong a.强健的；坚强的roll back reduce v.压低；减少rotting decaying v.腐烂roughly approximately ad.概略地；大约rudimentary undeveloped a.原始的；简单的rupture burst v.破裂；裂开rushing rapid a.急流的sanitation health n.卫生；健康状态saturate soak v.浸透；饱和saying two opposite things paradox n.悖论；隽语scale measure n./v.刻度/测量scarce rare a.稀有的scarcely barely ad.稀缺；珍贵scope extent n.范围scorched burned v.烧焦score musicalcompositions n.乐谱scurrying rushing v.急赶secure acquire v.获得；取得secure safe ad.安全的sedentary inactive a.不移栖的sentiment opinion n.意见；观点serve as function as v.充当；担任set establish v.确定；安置settle decide v.决定；解决settledstabled a.固定的severe poverty indigence n.贫困；赤贫shield protect v.保护；避开significant meaningful a.有重要意义的sitelocation n.地点；场所skepticism doubt n.怀疑主义；怀疑态度sketch draw v.速写；素描skilled experta.熟练的；擅长的skyrocket increase rapidly v.猛涨，突增sleep brieflynapn.小睡；打盹smooth operation effective functioning snap break v.折断；拉断sole only a.唯一的；独一的sole only a.单独的solemn serious a.严肃的；庄重的sort outseparate v.挑选出source of energy fuel n.能源；燃料spanning covering v.包含spark bring about v.激发；发动speculate hypothesize v.推测；假设staggering overwhelming a.压倒的；压倒之势的standard customary a.标准的standing not flowing a.停滞的；不流动的staple popular edition?n.大宗物品；流行的东西staple basic element n.主要成分stimulate encourage v.激发；促进story leveln.楼层；层strain stress v.拉紧，重压strength basisn.实力；基础stress emphasize v.强调striking noticeable a.显著的stringent stricta.严格的；严厉的struggle competition n.竞争subject susceptible a.易受影响的；遭受影响的subjugated conquered v.征服subsequent later a.后来的subsidize finance v.资助；赞助subsidy finance n.补助金；补贴succinct concise a.简洁的；简练的 sufficient adequate a.足够的；充足的suitably appropriately ad.适宜地sumptuous luxurious a.豪华的；奢侈的sums amounts n.和supplant replace v.取代；替代supplement extension n.补充；补遗supplement add to v.补充，增加support holdv.支持；支撑supposedly seemingly ad.想象地；表面上supremacy dominancen.至高无上；支配地位supreme most outstanding a.最大的；极度的surge increase sharply v.急剧增加surging accelerating a.高涨的；跃进的suspend hang v.挂；悬挂sustainsupportv.支撑symmetrical proportionally balanceda.对称的；匀称的tangled twisted together a.混乱的telling challenging a.有效的；有力的tempting attractive a.诱人的thanks to because of n.由于；多亏thereby by that means think highly admire v.钦佩；羡慕tolerate endure v.忍受；忍耐trace imprint n.痕迹；遗迹trend tendency n.趋势；趋向typify characterize v.代表，表现ultimately eventually ad.最后2undergoing experiencing v.经历 2undergone experienced v.经历 undergone experiencedv.经历underscore emphasize v.强调underwater craft submarine n.潜水艇undoubtedly certainly ad.的确地unique particular a.独特的unique singular a.非凡的unprecedented never seen before a.空前的unravel discover v.解开；阐明unrestricted unlimited a.无限制的；自由的unsubstantiated unverified a.未证实的；未核实的urged encouraged v.催促，鼓励usher beginning v.引导；开始various different a.不同的vary differ v.变化；改变vast large a.巨大的；广阔的vast great a.大量的venture endeavor n.冒险；冒险行动very closely intimately ad.亲密；密切vestige evidence n.遗迹；残余virtually completely n.实质地wider more extensive a.宽广的witness observe v.目睹；目击yield provide v.产生；产生效果第 11 页，共 11 页。
雅思阅读 主课 同意替换剑4-剑11背诵版 Sheet1
C4T1题干原文1ignore =pay no attention2encounter =confront3mistaken view =misconception4easy to reach =accessible5change =modify(modification)6destruction =destroy7 investigate =make inquiries8where =geographical location9important =vital10reason =factor11protect =conservation12newspapers, television =media13where to live =habitat14get warmer =global warming15contribute to =play a part16survive =continuing existence17curriculum =course18link to =be connected with19underdeveloped =degenerated/ rudimentary20poor =weak21exceptional =good/excellent/outstanding22mating =courtship23follow =track24good vision ability =vision is obviously more useful25best =ideal26surprised =amazed/astonished27volunteer =subject28similar =resemble29blind=can not see雅思剑桥系列 阅读同意替换词C4T230 initiative =on your own initiative31increase =expand=build up32teach =train33more than one language =bilingual34determine =establish35young people =teenager/ youth36 community =all the people in a particular area, city, country etc.37traditional =old-fashioned38fail =fruitless39endanger =to put someone or something in danger of being hurt40 diverse =varied41 inevitable =certain to happen and impossible to avoid42differ from =unusual43reluctant =unwilling44consult =seek advice45 alternativ =another46therapist =someone who has been trained to give a particular form of treatment for physical or mental illness47retrain =taking courses48salary =earnings49long-term =chronic50complaint =complain51illness =virus52connection =relationship53beneficial =nutritious=nourishing=healthful54insight =comprehension/ understanding55physical =bodily56hazard =dange57accompany =along with58mental =relating to the health or state of someone's mind59possible =potential60reduction =decrease61class =category62rehearsal =practice63peer =your peers are the people who are the same age as you, or who have the same type of job, social class etc64defensive =used or intended to protect someone or something against attack65strategy =actics66assist =with the aid of67specific =elaborate68substance =a particular type of solid, liquid, or gas69surroundings =circumstance70engage =employ71combine =blend72survival =the state of continuing to live or existC4T373quotation =a sentence or phrase from a book, speech etc whichyou repeat in a speech or piece of writing because it is interesting or amusing74exemplify =example75explain =demonstrate76outline =to describe something in a general way, giving the main points but not the details77purpose =objective78encourage =persuade79loan =an amount of money that you borrow from a bank etc.80poverty =being poor81crime =illegal activities in general82reject =to refuse to accept, believe in, or agree with something83employ =engage84courie = a person or company that is paid to take packages somewhere85storage =preserve86facility =equipment87ambitious =determined to be successful, rich, powerful etc.88effort =attempt89feature =a part of something that you notice because it seemsimportant, interesting, or typical;a part of the land,especially a part that you can see: a part of someone's90plane =the world=earth/Earth=the globe91unpredictable =unforeseeable92machinery =machines, especially large ones= a system or set ofprocesses for doingsomething=machine=device=robot=appliance=mecha93ultimate =final94atmosphere =the mixture of gases that surrounds the Earth95occur =happen96expand =stretch97form =type98emerge =appear99emi =to send out gas, heat, light, sound etc100situation =circumstances101self-conscious =worried and embarrassed about what you look like or what other people think of you102generate =create103various =different104convenient = a thing or way of doing something that is easy and quick; a time or arrangement that is convenient105objective =neutral106enquiry =investigate107observe =detect108comment =remark109include =be composed of110focus on =concentrate111affect =have an impact112gained from =originate113concern =worryC4T4114official =authorized115athletic =be in shape116intensive =crash course117burst =a short sudden effort or increase in activity118recognize =identify119inadequate =insufficient120develop =come from121enable =make something possible122predict =forecast123specialist =#NAME?124theoretical =relating to the study of ideas, especially scientificideas, rather than with practical uses of the ideas or practical experience125basic =essential126nature =qualities of something127aim =purpose128translate =interpret129ancient =belonging to a time long ago in history, especially thousands of years ago130realistic =vivid131field =area132document = a piece of paper that has official information on it;a piece of written work that is stored on a computer133equal =the same in number, amount, level etc as something else134 influence =effect135behavior =manner136compare =to examine or judge two or more things in order to show how they are similar to or different from each other=liken=make a comparison=draw an137economically =in a way that is related to systems of money, trade, or business138establish =determine139sustainable =able to continue without causing damage to the environment; able to continue for a long time140realize =know141limit =restrict142produce =generate143guarantee =promise144liberty =freedom145independence =self-reliance146consistent =always behaving in the same way or having the same attitudes, standards etc - usually used to showapproval147underestimate =to think that someone is not as good, clever, or skilful, as they really are148provision =when you provide something that someone needs now or in the futureC5T1149produce =develop150centra =middle151did not have =without152bring =offer153time limit =deadline154increase =build up155assistant =coach156immense =huge/enormous157illustrate =demonstrate158quotation =a phrase or sentence that is well-known or often used159predecessor =someone who had your job before you started doing it160rival =competitor161distraction =something that stops you paying attention to what you are doing162fault =problem163cornerstone =foundation164confer =present165stability =the condition of being steady and not changing166prevail =carry the day167contract =agreement168grant =award169fascinate =if someone or something fascinates you, you are attracted to them and think they are extremelyinteresting170disturb =interrupt171expect =anticipate172psychology =the study of the mind and how it influences people's behavior173obey =comply with174identity =someone's identity is their name or who they are175severity =used of the degree of something undesirable176unfold =expand177deliberately =on purpose178moral =relating to the principles of what is right and wrongbehavior, and with the difference between good and evil179prior to =befor180repetitio =doing or saying the same thing many times181genetic =relating to genes or genetics182sacrifice =when you decide not to have something valuable, in order to get something that is more important183victim =someone who has been attacked, robbed, or murdered184forge =form185persuade =convince186surrender =give in187extinct =vanish188abundant =plenty=ample189exaggerate =overstate190phenomenon =something that happens or exists in society, science, or nature, especially something that is studiedbecause it is difficult to understand191perception =insight192impression =affection193entitle =to give someone the official right to do or have something194distortion =deformation195dispose =deal with196intuition =instinct197emission =a gas or other substance that is sent into the air198diminish =lessen199postpone =delay200crucial =essential201pessimistic =getting worse202attempt =purpose=order=effortC5T2203similar =resemble204derive =stem from205impetus =stimulus206generate =manufacture207couple with =accompany208factor =reason209unique =special210advance =progress211field =domain212alternative =substitute213like =such as214resource =material215limited =restricted216involve =comprise217current =modern218particular =extraordinary219draw on =do with220settle on =decide on221superiority =high quality222accompany =e associated with223view =perception224artificial intelligence =reasoning in machine225involve with =associate with226release =launch227difficult =demanding228task =job229instantly =immediately230react =respond231relate to =involve with232subject views =outlook233distort =to change the appearance, sound, or shape ofsomething so that it is strange or unclear; to report something in a way that is not completely true or234figure out =understand235assessment =judgment236emerge =come forth237remain =keep238exploitation =utilization239foster =cultivate=raise=nurture240overtake =catch up241initial =original242whereas =howeverC5T3243outcome =consequence244overcome =win245insufficient =deficient246supply =provide247launch =release248suppose =expect249detect =perceive250handicap =deterrent251peer =the people who are at the same age as you, or who have the same type of job, social class etc.252positive =optimistic253administer =manage=conduct=implement=perform254funding =money=funds=financial resource255interact =if people interact with each other, they talk to each other, work together etc.256irrigation =the supplement of land or crops with water257sedimentation =the natural process by which small pieces of rock, earth etc settle at the258interrupt =break259process =procedure260threat =danger261valuable =worthy262construct =build263blame =to say or think that someone or something is responsible for something bad264stimulate =encourage265long-term =long-run266impact =affect267occur =happen268contain =include269military =battlefield270separate =different271vanish =extinct=disappear272consciousness =awareness273ignite =ligh274encompass =include275reckon =think=suppose276widespread =universal277launch =release278contemporary =modern-day, present-day279potential =possible280prospect =expectation281perception =viewpointC5T4282community =organization283fragile =delicate284remote =distant285require =command286inhabitant =resident=dweller287consequently =therefore288destination =goal289throughout =wholly290operate =act291output =product292decline =reduction293undermine =destroy294revive =renaissance295unusual =rare296ordinary =common297ragment =shard298break =shatter=crack299interior =inside300insist =claim301expand =extend302suppress =control303speed up =quicken up304examine =analyse305dispute =debate306detect =analyse307claim =insist308cue =hint309unpredictable =fluctuate=changeable310be referred to as =be known as311encourage =trigger312considerable =plenty313regardless of =take no notice of314adequate =plenty315assure =make sure316suitable =appropriateC6T1317exchange =apply something learned in one to others318expertise =skill319employ =analyze=study320investigation =analysis321 narrow =focus on322reproduce =replicate323 funded support =finance324 athlete =sportsmen and women325 calculate =measure326event =championship327 plan =prepare328improve =grow329 trade =economy330transpor =import or export331local =domestic332weakening =decreased333value =worth334delivery =export or import335nearby nations =geographic neighbours336 international =worldwide337shipping =freight338cargo =freight=goods339tariff =charge340landscape =environment341difficult =demanding342essential supplies =food and clothing343supply =provision344grow =increase=rise=improve=go up=boost=expand=extend345respec =credibility346understanding =knowledge347well-being =health348impossible =out of the question349catch =exploit350surrounding =environment=circumstance351push to one's limits =test one's limits352not unmanageable =can cope with353present inhabitant =descendant354give up =abandon355mainly =heavily=most356visit =ventureC6T2357successfully =spectacularly well=wonderfully358people power =local pressure groups359commute =travel360higher =increasing=more361income =payment362beneficial =valuable363together =face to face364refute =rebut365accommodation =live=living condition366usage =use367averagely good =reasonable but not special368limited =minimal369move from one to another =adopt one over another370show =reveal371related =associated372suffer =be afflicted373research =investigation374affect =influence375disease =medical complain376increase =surge377link =correlation378considerable =significant379reduction =drop380elderly people =old people381independent =self-reliant382regular =daily383exercise =physical activity384challenging =difficult=tough=demanding385decline =deteriorate386lonely =emotionally isolated387hand signal =gesture=body language388restricted =limited389concept =definition390specific =particular391early =older392fulfill =qualify393sufficient =enough394quantity =how many395misunderstanding =confusion396prevent =resolve397poor =lack of=impoverished398newer =later=recent=present399ancestor =early people=predecessorC6T3400teach =educate=cultivate=nature401actor =star402first =initial=early=primary403storyline =narrative=plot404globe =world405early =first=ancient406passing of time =flow of time407describe =tell408realistic =achievable409target =goal=aim410feedback =comment411match to =suit to412reward =promotion or advancement=prize=benefit413link to =relate to414achievement =attainment=gain=success415remuneration =payment 酬金416tend to =prone to417feel =perceive418participate =be involved in=take part in=join419staff =employee=worker420visible =disclosed=obvious=noticeable421clerical worker =clerk422judge =rate423job =work=assignment424delay =put off425growing old =ageing426people =mortal=people=individual427life =lifespan428chance =likelihood429production =generation=output430theory =hypothesis431focus on =concentrate on432short =scarce=limited=insufficientC6T4433drug company =pharmaceutical company434promotion =marketing435 increase =escalate436research =study=survey=investigation437work =turn out438technique =strategy439criticism =judgement/skepticism440moral =ethical441legitimate =legal442 money =currency443adults =men and women444maternal =mother=female445education =literacy=cultivation446child =infant=kid447approximately =about=around=nearly448impressive =unforgettable449programme =campaign450common =ordinary451be halved =decline by452key =most important453produce =generate454detailed =explicit=455on its own =alone456however =but=yet457self-confidence =assertiveness=confidence458effective =useful459distinguish =recognize the difference=differentiateC7T1460rely on =depend on461avoid =keep away462die out =extinct463hunt =search for464limb =arm or leg465perceive =sense466calculate =work out=figure467detection =observation468coin =inven469inaccurate =incorrect=wrong=misleading470revision =change471downward =fall472increasing =soaring473primarily =mainly=largely=chiefly=principally474due to =because of=as a result of=thanks to=owing to475decrease =reduce=fall=drop476radical =not traditional=new=unconventional477prior to =beforehand=before=in advance=on the eve of478demanding =difficult=hard=challenging=tough479well known =notorious=famous=renowned480admit =acknowledge481be similar to =resemble482result in =give rise to483sophisticated =complicated484address =solve485imitate =copy486maintain =continue487feed =eat=have=chew=swallow=consume488illustrate =show=demonstrate=make clear=reflect489memorise =learn=commit something to memory490conventional =traditional=conformist=conservative491notice =see=spot=be aware of=be conscious of492retain =keep=save=hold on to493convince =persuade=win sb. over=satisfy494spectacular =impressive=imposing=striking=grandC7T2495interior =inner=inside496change =alter497establish =build498official =authority499isolated =inaccessible500collapse =fall=fall over=fall down501destroy =devastate=wreck=obliterate502absorb =digest=take in=assimilate503severe =serious=stiff=heavy504purify =refine=distill505hidden =disguised=concealed=veiled506decline =decrease=reduce=fall=drop507deteriorate =get worse=go down=decline508recognize =know=identify=pick out509conclude =summarize=come to/reach the conclusion510adapt to =get used to=become accustomed to=adjust to511initiate =start=launch=open=set in motion512refer to =mention=allude to=touch on513identify =name=recognize=diagnose514request =demand=claim=petition=appeal515be divided into =separate=split=break up=break down516consist of =be made up of=be composed of=comprise517hinder =hamper=impede518objective =aim=purpose=goal=target519implement =carry on=execute=put sth. Into practice520promote =encourage=help=aid521warn =caution=alert=give sb. a warning522observation post =watchtower523access =entrance=entryway=way inC7T3524cause =reason=factor=origin=root525measure =weigh=time=take=read526route =motorway=highway=expressway527exclude =omit=miss out=leave out=drop528renewable =sustainable=recycling=environmentally friendly529exist =there is/are=be found=occur530limit =restrict=constrain=confine=keep to531boundary =border=edge=outskirts=frontier532allow for =make sth. possible533proposal =suggestion=recommendation=proposition534urban =city=town=municipal535odour =smell=stench=stink536find one's way =navigate537bearing =position=standing538exchange =share=distribute539waste =unwanted materials=rubbish=garbage=trash540dental =teeth541priority =preferential=the most important=overriding542encourage =promote=help=support=be supportive543explore =look for=discuss=think544factor =cause=reason=root=origin545cultivate =grow=raise546convert =modify=transfer=adapt=customize547digest =take in=absorb=assimilate548preserve =protect=keep=store=keep sth. in storage549monitor =watch=keep an eye on550allocate =distribute=apportion=grant=confer551decline =decrease=reduce=fall=drop552fragile =weak=delicate=breakable=feeble553upgrade =improve=make sth.better=make improvements554advanced =developed=sophisticated=high-tech555sustainable =renewable=recycling=environmentally friendly556evidence =proof=documentation557long-standing =lengthy=long-running=lastingC7T4558large numbers of =tens of thousands of=many559large =massive=huge=enormous=vast560resemble =look like=alike=much the same=akin to561foe =enemy=adversary=hostile562more than =exceed=over=in excess of563decrease =crash=reduction=fall=drop564stop =halt=come to a halt565sufficient =abundant=enough=adequate566establish =found=build=set up567be successfu =prosper=do well=succeed=thrive568recognize =certify=accept=acknowledge569label =display=call=brand=hail570adapt =adjust=get used to=become/grow accustomed to571mistake =error=fault=slip=mix-up572keep a check on =monitor=watch=keep an eye on573unexpected =unpredictable=unforeseeable574generally =in general=in the whole=all in all=all things considered575previously =before=earlier=formerly576apply =use=make use of=exercise=utilize577due to =because=since=owing to=thanks to=as a result of578raise =lift=lift up=pick up=scoop up579in addition =besides=additionally=too=also=as well580inhabitant= =resident=population=citizen=local581collapse =failure=fall582set up =establish=found=start=open583ensure =make sure=make certain=see to it that584assist =help=aid=give a hand=do sth. for585deny =refuse=withhold586permit =allow=let=agree to=authorize587interfere =intrude=disrupt=meddle588repeat =redo=retake=do sth. again589prevent =stop=restrain=hold back=discourage590disrupt =disturb=upset=break up591long-term =chronic=long=lengthy=long-running592expose =show=reveal=present=let sb. see593intense =powerful594random =arbitrary595require =demand=need=call for596fatigue =tiredness=exhaustion=drowsiness597manifest =show=reveal=present598concentrate =pay attention=put one's mind on=attentive599produce =make=manufacture=create=fashion600carry out =implemen601perform =do=conductC8T1602agree =go along with603sceptic and advocate =different attitude604significance =meaning605meditation =the practice of emptying your mind of thoughts and feelings, in order to relax completely or for religious reasons606parapsychology =pthe scientific study of mysterious abilities that some people claim to have, such as knowing what willhappen in the future607environment =condition608alter =change609trial =experiment=test610success rate =positiveresult=achievement=progress=breakthrough=accompl ishment611pick out =identify612limit =minimize613different =diverse614invention =device615cold temperature =freezing weather616farming =agriculture617simultaneous =at the same time618uniform =equal619devise =coin620civil =municipal=metropolitan621divide =separate622new =rbe in its infancy623create =invent624organize =arrange625public event =communal activity626aviation disaster =sky accident627prompt =result in628resemble =similar629oversimplify =incomplete630altitude =height631zone =region632weather =meteorological=climate633categorize =class / type634create =establish=invent635beacon and flashing =light=beam636improve =develop637aircraft =plane=by air638average-sized =medium-sized639city =metropolitan640pendulum =a long metal stick with a weight at the bottom thatswings regularly from side to side to control theworking of a clock641coincidental =happening completely by chance without being planned642disobey =to refuse to do what someone with authority tells you to do, or refuse to obey a rule or lawC8T2643drastically =extreme and sudden644carry out =subject to645remain =stay=keep646detect =dinspect647fault =flaw648enough =sufficient=adequate649main =largely=principal650documentation =written account=evidence=proof651shift =switch=transfer=move=jerk652consistent =lasting=stay the same=constant=unchanging653 drought =no rain at all=dry=dusty654period =cycle=era=age655random =arbitrary=at random656molten =hot=heat=boiling / boiling hot=scalding / scalding hot657intense =strong=passionate=powerful=deep658discover =explore=find / unearth=turn up659pattern =trade / commodity=business660relate to =associate with=link to / connect to=identify with661feeling =emotional response / sensory=a sense of=passion662unappreciated =undervalued663difficult =elusive=hard / tough=easier said than done664study =research=analyse=do/conduct research665 smell =odour=scent666interpretation =be considered to be=understanding=reading667define =distinguish=tell the difference668damage =impair669realize =consciously consider670reveal =show671to be defined =unanswered672husbands and wives =marriage partner / spouse=couple673linguistic =language674describe =express=give a description of675lack =do not exist676do not smell =odorless677regard as =consider to678unpleasan =offensive679certain =some=a measure of680 correspond =match up681float =afloatC8T3682building =property=construction683support =back=be behind=in support of=back somebody up684financial support =fund=financial aid685stumbling block =difficulty686create =generate687direct =guide=lead=instruct=give order/instruction688beam =laser=ray689aim =direct at690test in real =field test691genius =giftedness / talent692inherit =run in family693talent =prodigy=skill。
【AAA】剑桥雅思阅读替换同义词最全.doc
剑桥雅思阅读替换同义词雅思阅读题目出题的本质是三种替换：同义词/词组替换，句型替换，语法替换，以下是剑桥真题中的考点词,替换词,一次多义总结：1.rigid/stiff/unchanged/littlechange僵硬的，一成不变的2.significant/enormous/dramatic/tremendous/appreciablR/remarkable/crucial/巨大的,明显的，程度大的/substantial3.approRimatelR将近-nearlR,almost4.proportion/percentage比例5.beinvolved(in)/involvein/involvement[n.]涉及，卷入，参与6.given/considering,inregardto/despite/although有鉴于、考虑到，尽管6.induce[v]引入，引导，引诱/inductive[n]归纳><deduce/deductive推断7.fortune/destinR/chances8.deplete开采完，耗尽/eRhaust–eRhaustemission(尾气)排放/eRploitpleR错综复杂的/complicated/sophisticated老奸巨滑的，复杂的10.capacitR能力，容量/competence（竞争）能力/abilitR能力（笼统的）11.确保，保障：Secure-securitR/ensure(insure)/guarantee押金12.solelR/merelR/onlR13.avastarraRof系列/agreatvarietRof花样，品种/agreatrang系列of14.pesticide杀虫/suicide自杀/homicide/murder杀人15.believe/assume(responsibilitR)/suppose16.授权，委托：authorize/commission佣金/entitle头衔+ment=right（权利）17.purchase/buR18.ethnic种族的/ethic伦理，道德的+s=[n]19.modifR/change[v]shiftwork轮班工作[n]20.insight/knowledge/learning/understanding/knowing21.constrain拘泥，限制/restrict限制/limit22.circumstance环境（社会）/surroundings/environment环境（环保）背景background后台/settings后台，布景/conteRt上下文（文章中）23.notorious臭名昭著的/flagrant臭的><fragrant香的24.移民：immigrant(进来)/emigrant(出去)/migrant25.兴旺，繁荣；prosperous/thriving/booming（人口，行业）/flourishing26.神圣的：divine/heavenlR/holR/sacred27.有毒的：poisonous/toRic(in-,non-无毒的)28.致命的：deadlR/fatal/lethal/mortal29.类似于：looklike/resemble30.chronic长期的,慢性的—long-term长期的31.网恋：virtuallove/cRberlove32.网友：on-line/net/cRberfriend上网（聊天）chatonline/goon-linecRbercafé/网吧33.evolve-evolution进化/revolute-revolution革命，旋转/involve-involution卷入，涉及34.indicator/predictor表示诠释，预测35.indicate/demonstrate/displaR/eRhibit/betraR36.therapist/eRpert/specialist37.优点，长处，美德：advantage/merit/virtue/lengthmonest/frequent39.未开发的，初级的：rudimentarR/underdeveloped40.退化：degenerate/-tion[n]->generate生产，制造/degrade->grade等级/deteriorate恶化，每况愈下41.分类：categorR-categorize/class-classifR42.consequence后果->影响/subsequence紧跟其后/sequence=order秩序/frequencR频率43.clash冲突（民族，种族）/crash飞机坠毁44.substitution=>substitutesthforsb/replace45.alternative=>选择性，代替性，辅助性46.孤立：isolate/alienate/insulate隔绝，排外，孤立->bealiento/insulate(-ior)绝缘，隔（体）47．缺点，不足之处：defect/flaw/failing/disadvantage/drawback48.创新的，发明的，新颖的，创新的：inventive(-tion)/innovative(-tion)/creative(-tion)/ingenious(itR)/novel(-tR)=>[n]/creat ive/revolutionarR(易错拼写：environment/convenient)49．neutral中立的，中性的/negative否定，消极，阴性的/positive肯定，积极，阳性的50．ambiguous->ambiguitR模棱两可的，暧昧的/obscuremunicate沟通，传达52.accommodate1供...食宿，2=adaptto适应，调整，3=hold容纳，4使…停靠mitment1~tosth.奉献2责任,义务54．contributeto导致~resultin/accountfor(占据)导致54.缺乏的，不足的：inadequate/insufficient/deficient/lack(of)/short(of)55.强调：emphasize/stress/highlight/focuson/concentrate明显的：apparentlR显而易见的/patentlR道貌岸然的/obviouslR=>evidentlR56.对…怀疑：(be)/skeptical/skeptical/dubious/suspicious(about/of)57.缺点，缺陷：drawback/fault/defect/imperfection/failing/weakness/shortcoming/flaw58.臭命昭著的：notorious->notorietR/flagrant/smellR/odorous59.机构，组织：association/structure/organization60.超过：eRceed/surpass61.岩浆：moltenrock/lava/magma62.语言：linguist~学家/lingual和~有关的/bilingual/双语63.多种多样的：diversitR/varietR/breed/speciesbreed：[n]品种，[v]繁殖，培养，引起，造成64.dialect方言accent腔调65.开始的，初步的：begin/launch/initial(-lR)[v]首字母，开始的/initiate开始，发动>initiative原创性=origin66.贫穷：poor/inpovertR/impoverished（被剥夺财产的）67.杰出：eminence(-t)/prominence(-t)/unusual68.gene/geneticdefect~缺陷/anatomR解剖/conceive构思，怀孕/deliver分娩69.辅助性：alternative补充性/therapist70.演绎，推理：deduce->deductive/inferential><induce引导，引入，归纳->induction归纳71.令人困惑的：bewildering/puzzling/perpleRing72.applR：紧靠，涂，将…应用于，适用，专心致力于，献身于73.subsidize辅助/subsidR补助，补贴/subsidiarR74.afactorinsth/dependonsth75.bepreferredbR/choice76.attitudeto/how77.thepresentcenturR/modernsocietR78.broad/great79.intermof按照，在…方面，关于/withregardto,inspiteof不顾，尽管80.small-scale小范围/marginal边缘处的81.phRsical/medical82.negotiation/agreement谈判，洽谈/商定，协议83.evolve/develop84.apartment/accommodation公寓/住房85.virtual(love)/simulate模拟的（网恋）/模拟86.catastrophe/disaster大灾难/灾难，不幸87.innovate/invent革新，创新/发明，创造sculpture/craft雕刻，雕塑/工艺88.eRorbitant/eRpensive过度的，极高的/费用大的，昂贵的89.beparticipantin/takepartin/participateinbour[美，澳]/work91.attendto/takecareof/lookafter照料,照看92.dualemploRment/dual-worker双职工（家庭）93.indicate/predict指示，表明，象征/预料，预言Amajorcontributorto/becentralto来源，起点/是…的主要，中心原因94.eRpert/therapist专家，能手；知识丰富的/某个专科的专家95.leadto/beassociatedwith相联系（带来…的好处）96.balanced/equitable平等的97.handicap/disabled/primitive残疾的，落后的98.couldnot-andcannot/hasalwaRsbeenunabletobR/from99.benefit/advantage100.substantialinfluence/greaterlikelihood101.agreeon/beinagreement102.considereddesirable/effectiveness103.masquerade/(in)disguise伪装104.insignificant/didn’t matterseriouslR不重要/不严重的105.inspect/eRamine审核,检查106．caliber/criterion标准107．no-oneknow><notorious无人知晓><臭名昭著的108．dissatisfR/argue不满意/厌恶，讨厌109.pessimism/negative/blue><optimistic悲观的，忧郁的><乐观的110.unsatisfactorR/hardlRbelookedupon111.identifR/define112.turn…into/become/changeinto113.urban/rural/suburban114.demolish/knockdown/dismantle/destroR毁坏，拆毁（建筑物）/敲，打115.migration/move迁移/移动116.paR/chargesbfor向某人…猛攻，充电，负责，付费，控诉117.separate/split分开，使隔绝，提取/分，劈开118.fascination/attraction(-e:[v])迷住，吸引住119.notrequire/unnecessarR不需要/不必要120.decode/decipher译解（密码），解释121.delaR/drawback=disadvantage耽误，延迟/欠缺，弊端122.association/organization机构，关联/组织123.recent/current/nowadaRs/present最近的/现代的/当今的/现在124.intensiveburst/eRplosiverelease强烈的爆发/爆炸性的释放125.recognized/identified承认，识别，认可/识别，鉴别126.aimto/focuson针对，目标，打算/集中127.link…to/lead to连接/导致，通向128.inadequate(diet)/deficiencR(intraceminerals)不充分，不适当的/缺乏，不足129.basic/fundamental基础的，基本的130.seize/catch捕捉，抓住131.fatal/lethal/deadlR致命的132.successon/runningon成功133.costlR/berelatedbR有关系的134.beobtainedin/bederivedin获得，流行，通用/由…产生，起源于135.high-income/wealthR高收入的/富裕的136.bealike/besimilarto相同的，相似的137.indicate/show显示，指出，象征138.eliminate/lessen><消除/减少139.notrisensignificantlR/stagnate停滞不前的140.salarR/wage工资：总称/蓝领的141.create/gain创造，造成/获得，增加efficientlR/increasedproductivitR有效率的/上升的生产率142.economR/financial经济143.administration/management/government144.(be)sRmpathetic/understandng同情的，赞同/理解145.introduce/involve引入/卷入146.change/different/shift147.die><demise死亡148.almost/approRimatelR149.beoutofdate/beoutmoded/beoutoffashion150.lessen/reduce减少151.famous/eminent/renowned/illustrious出名的152.barrier/hurdle/barricade153.higherposition/toppost154.Advantage:virtue,merit,benefit,positiveaspect,strength,pluspoint,upside好处,优点,长处155.Disadvantage:failing,weakness,defect,drawback,negativeaspect,fault,demerits不利,缺点,缺陷156.Casual:arbitrarR,unplanned,uneRpected,随意的157.Effective:efficient,effectual,fruitful,productive,valid多效的158.Criticize:reproach,blame,condemn批评,责怪159.Flaw:weakness,defect缺点160.AbilitR;capabilitR,power,caliber能力161.Dishonest:deceptive不诚实的162.Fair:equitable,equal,impartial,公平的163.Success:achievement,feat,skill成功164.Reason:factor,contributor,origin,原因165.Result:outcome,consequence,implication结果166.Resultfrom:arisefrom,originatefrom,bedueto,thanksto,由于，因为167.Giveriseto:contributeto,leadto,resultin,cause,breed,create,incur导致168.Disaster:catastrophe灾难169.Pollute:contaminate污染170.Poisonous:toRic有毒的171.Decrease;fall,drop,plunge,decline,stepback,downward,minimize,abate下降172.Increase:rise,goup,surge,grow,上升173.Growing:increasing,rising,上升的174.Indigenous,local,endemic本土的,当地的175.eRotic,foreign,alien,introduced引进的,外地的,外来的176.derivefrom,obtainfrom,originatefrom177.limit,restrict,circumscribe,confine限制178.legal,law,legislation,Act法律的,法律,立法,法案179.disease,maladR,illness,ailment,epidemic,infectiousdisease,contagiousdisease.疾病180.creature:animals,humankind,plants生物181.pervade,permeate弥漫182.noteasR,difficult183.dueto,leadto,thanksto,becauseof,attributeto(归因于),contributeto184.similar—standincontrastto(反义)185.different---same(反义)186.cease/stop---continue(反义)187.fact---theorR/fiction/illusion/fantasR(事实---理论/想象/幻想/想象)188.nearbR,adjacentto;border;neighbor在附近189.ineRcessof;eRceed;transcend超过超越。
剑桥雅思阅读替换同义词最全
剑桥雅思阅读替换同义词雅思阅读题目出题的本质是三种替换：同义词/词组替换,句型替换,语法替换,笔者将从这三方面根据学生课堂笔记进行分类整理.以下是剑桥真题中的考点词,替换词,一次多义总结：1.rigid/stiff/unchanged/little change僵硬的,一成不变的2.significant/enormous/dramatic/tremendous/appreciably/remarkable/crucial/巨大的,明显的,程度大的/substantial3.approximately 将近-nearly, almost5.be involved <in>/involve in/involvement[n.]涉及,卷入,参与6.given/considering , in regard to/despite/although有鉴于、考虑到,尽管6.induce [v] 引入,引导,引诱/inductive [n] 归纳>< deduce/deductive推断8.deplete 开采完,耗尽/exhaust–exhaust emission <尾气>排放/exploit9 plex 错综复杂的/complicated/sophisticated老奸巨滑的,复杂的10.capacity能力,容量/competence〔竞争〕能力/ability能力〔笼统的〕11.确保,保障：Secure-security/ensure <insure>/guarantee 押金13.a vast arrayof 系列/a great variety of 花样,品种/a great rang 系列of14.pesticide 杀虫/suicide 自杀/homicide/murder杀人15.believe/assume<responsibility>/suppose16.授权,委托：authorize/commission 佣金/entitle 头衔+ment =right 〔权利〕18. ethnic 种族的/ethic 伦理,道德的+ s =[n]19. modify/change [v] shift work 轮班工作[n]20. insight/knowledge/learning/understanding/knowing21.constrain拘泥,限制/restrict 限制/limit22.circumstance 环境〔社会〕/surroundings/environment 环境〔环保〕背景background 后台/settings后台,布景/context 上下文〔文章中〕23.notorious 臭名昭著的/flagrant臭的><fragrant 香的24.移民：immigrant <进来>/emigrant<出去>/migrant25.兴旺,繁荣；prosperous/thriving/booming〔人口,行业〕/flourishing26.神圣的：divine/heavenly/holy/sacred27.有毒的：poisonous/toxic < in-, non- 无毒的>28.致命的：deadly/fatal/lethal/mortal29.类似于：look like/resemble30. chronic长期的,慢性的— long-term长期的31.网恋：virtuallove/cyber love32.网友：on-line/net/cyberfriend上网〔聊天〕chat on line/go on-line cyber café/网吧33.evolve-evolution进化/revolute-revolution 革命,旋转/involve-involution 卷入,涉及34. indicator/predictor表示诠释,预测37. 优点,长处,美德：advantage/merit/virtue/length38. commonest/frequent39. 未开发的,初级的：rudimentary/underdeveloped40. 退化：degenerate/-tion [n] ->generate 生产,制造/degrade->grade 等级/deteriorate 恶化,每况愈下41. 分类：category-categorize/class-classify42.consequence后果->影响/subsequence紧跟其后/sequence=order秩序/frequency频率43.clash冲突〔民族,种族〕/crash 飞机坠毁44. substitution=> substitute sth for sb/replace45.alternative=> 选择性,代替性,辅助性46.孤立：isolate/alienate/insulate隔绝, 排外,孤立->be alien to/insulate <-ior>绝缘,隔〔体〕47．缺点,不足之处：defect/flaw/failing/disadvantage/drawback48.创新的,发明的,新颖的,创新的：inventive <-tion>/innovative<-tion>/creative<-tion>/ingenious <ity>/novel <-ty>=>[n]/creative/revolutionary <易错拼写：environment/convenient>49．neutral中立的,中性的/negative 否定,消极,阴性的/positive 肯定,积极,阳性的50．ambiguous->ambiguity模棱两可的,暧昧的/obscure51 municate 沟通,传达52.accommodate1供...食宿,2=adapt to 适应,调整,3=hold 容纳,4使…停靠53 mitment1 ~ to sth. 奉献2责任,义务54．contribute to 导致~ result in/account for<占据>导致54.缺乏的,不足的：inadequate/insufficient/deficient/lack <of>/short<of>55.强调：emphasize/stress/highlight/focus on/concentrate明显的：apparently 显而易见的/patently道貌岸然的/obviously=>evidently …怀疑：<be>/skeptical/skeptical/dubious/suspicious <about/of>57.缺点,缺陷：drawback/fault/defect/imperfection/failing/weakness/shortcoming/flaw58.臭命昭著的：notorious->notoriety/flagrant/smelly/odorous59.机构,组织：association/structure/organization60.超过：exceed/surpass61.岩浆：molten rock/lava/magma62.语言：linguist ~学家/lingual和~有关的/bilingual/双语63.多种多样的：diversity/variety/breed/speciesbreed：[n]品种,[v]繁殖,培养,引起,造成64.dialect 方言accent腔调65.开始的,初步的：begin/launch/initial <-ly> [v]首字母,开始的/initiate开始,发动>initiative 原创性= origin66.贫穷：poor/in poverty/impoverished〔被剥夺财产的〕67.杰出：eminence <-t>/prominence<-t>/unusual68.gene/genetic defect ~缺陷/anatomy解剖/conceive构思,怀孕/deliver分娩69.辅助性：alternative补充性/therapist70.演绎,推理：deduce->deductive/inferential >< induce 引导,引入,归纳-> induction归纳71.令人困惑的：bewildering/puzzling/perplexing72.apply：紧靠,涂,将…应用于,适用,专心致力于,献身于73.subsidize辅助/subsidy补助,补贴/subsidiary74.a factor in sth/depend on sth75.be preferred by/choice76.attitude to/how77.the present century/modernsociety79.in term of 按照,在…方面,关于/with regard to, in spiteof 不顾,尽管80. small-scale 小X围/marginal边缘处的81. physical/medical82.negotiation/agreement 谈判,洽谈/商定,协议85.virtual <love>/simulate模拟的〔网恋〕/模拟86.catastrophe/disaster 大灾难/灾难,不幸87.innovate/invent 革新,创新/发明,创造sculpture/craft 雕刻,雕塑/工艺88.exorbitant/expensive 过度的,极高的/费用大的,昂贵的89. be participant in/take part in/participate inbour[美,澳]/work91.attend to/take care of92.dual employment/dual-worker双职工〔家庭〕93.indicate/predict 指示,表明,象征/预料,预言A major contributorto/becentral to 来源,起点/是…的主要,中心原因94.expert/therapist 专家,能手；知识丰富的/某个专科的专家95.lead to/be associated with 相联系〔带来…的好处〕97.handicap/disabled/primitive 残疾的,落后的98. could not-and cannot/hasalways been unable to by/from101.agree on/define103.masquerade/<in> disguise伪装’t seriously 不重要/不严重的105.inspect/examine审核,检查106．caliber/criterion 标准107．no-one know>< notorious无人知晓><臭名昭著的108．dissatisfy/argue 不满意/厌恶,讨厌109.pessimism/negative/blue >< optimistic 悲观的,忧郁的>< 乐观的… into/become114.demolish/knock down/dismantle 毁坏,拆毁〔建筑物〕/敲,打…猛攻,充电,负责,付费,控诉117.separate/split 分开,使隔绝,提取/分,劈开118.fascination/attraction <-e:[v]> 迷住,吸引住120.decode/decipher 译解〔密码〕,解释121.delay/drawback= disadvantage 耽误,延迟/欠缺,弊端122.association/organization 机构,关联/组织125.recognized/identified 承认,识别,认可/识别,鉴别126.aim to/focus on 针对,目标,打算/集中…to/lead to连接/导致,通向128. inadequate <diet>/deficiency <in trace minerals> 不充分,不适当的/缺乏,不足129.basic/fundamental基础的,基本的130.seize/catch 捕捉,抓住132.success on/running on 成功134.be obtained in/be derivedin 获得,流行,通用/由…产生,起源于136.be alike/be similar to 相同的,相似的137.indicate/show显示,指出,象征138. eliminate/lessen >< 消除/减少139. not risensignificantly/stagnate 停滞不前的140.salary/wage 工资：总称/蓝领的141.create/gain创造,造成/获得,增加efficiently/increased productivity 有效率的/上升的生产率144.<be> sympathetic/understand 同情的,赞同/理解146.change/different来源:恒星英语网147.die>< exist死亡><存在149.be out of date/bedeveloped153.higher position/top post154.Advantage: virtue, merit,benefit , positive aspect, strength, 好处,优点,长处155.Disadvantage: weakness,failing, weakness, defect, drawback, negative aspect,fault不利,缺点,缺陷156.Casual: arbitrary, unplanned, unexpected,随意的157.Effective: efficient, effectual, fruitful, productive,valid多效的158.Criticize: reproach, blame, 批评159.Flaw: weakness, defect缺点160.Ability; capability, power, caliber能力161.Dishonest: deceptive不诚实的162.Fair: equitable, equal, impartial, 公平的163.Success: achievement,feat成功来源:恒星英语网164.Reason:factor, contributor, origin, 原因165.Result: outcome, consequence,implication结果166.Result from: arise from, originate from, be due to, thanksto, 由于,因为167.Give rise to: contribute to, lead to, result in, cause, breed,create, incur导致168.Disaster: catastrophe 灾难169.Pollute: contaminate污染170.Poisonous: toxic 有毒的171.Decrease; fall, drop, plunge, decline,step back, downward, minimize, abate 下降172.Increase: rise, go up, surge,grow, 上升173.Growing: increasing, rising, 上升的。
最新雅思剑1-剑9阅读同义词替换汇总
雅思阅读同义词替换（剑1-剑9）剑9第一篇：1.recognise one's ability/ perceive one's talent/one's talent be perceived2.enrol in a school/attend a school3.sth that made him rich and famous/ sth bring him both fame and fortune4.Immediately understand/instant recognition5.refer to/ known as6.consult/ ask advice of7.now/ current/present/happening8.transmission/ sending information9.response/ reply10.ground rules/ assumptions underlying the research11.likelihood/ it seems/ perhaps, guess, estimate12.life expectancy/ the lifetime of13.most powerful/ the largest/ the biggest/ the best/ the greatest14.resemble/ pretty well like/ be similar to/ same as15.promptly/ immediately/instantly16.migrant/ migrate/ migration17.before/ in advance/ prior/ previously/ former18.make big changes/ redesign/modification/alterationck/ never/no/not/in need of/want20.incomplete fossilised remains/ only fragments are found21.determine/ decide22.obtain/ acquire/ earn / gain / get/ procure/ receive / secure23.dense/ tight/thick/heavy24.indicate/ demonstrate / disclose / display / exhibit/ express/ hint/ imply/ point out/ pr esent/ reveal/ show /signify/suggest剑9第二篇：1. Initiative/initiate/ launch/ pioneer/ introduce/ develop2. National policy/ New Zealand strategy3. Global/international4. Team effort/ institutional working party5. Hypothesis/guess/ speculation/ possibility/theory/potential6. Suitable/appropriate7. Worldwide regulations/ international standard8. Medical conditions/ illness/ disease9. Place…at risk/ leave…vulnerable10. Auditory problems/hearing loss11. Study/carry out research12. Machinery noise/ noise generated by machine13. Child which have not been diagnosed/ undiagnosed children14. Current teaching method/ modern teaching practices15. Cooling systems/ air-conditioning/mechanical means of ventilation16. Different/distinct/varied/reverse17. Prevent/keep from/inhibit/stop/thwart18. Potential/future/be expected to be/possible/likely19. Fail to do/never/not/unable to do20. Calculate/determine the value21. Be worked out/be calculated22. Realise/recognise/show/see/understand23. Witness/view/see/observe24. Distorted/look smeared/not circular剑9第三篇：1. Competitive/competitors/competition2. Achievement/success3. Because/thus/It is… that强调句型/so4. Rely on previous events/draw on past experience5. A result of/ a product of6. Pitfalls/ traps/snares7. Exposure to …/bombard…with8. Receptive/receive/embrace/accept/agree9. Novelty/new experience10. Fear/phobia11. Embarrassment/ridicule12. Psychological illness/mental disorder13. Decide/decision14. Scientific/science/technology/technological15. Argue/argument/debate/debatable/discuss/dispute/disputable16. Understandable/understand/reasonable17. Be affected by/influence18. Still exist/be still with us19. Stop/halt/prevent/end20. Pointless/not/no point of21. Misrepresented/paint unreal pictures22. The custom of speaking/ popular speech23. Grammatical rules/ rules of grammar24. Alternative/choice/way/replacement剑9第四篇1. Back into Britain/ re-import into Britain2. Reliable/predictable3. Cut down/reduce4. Increase income/export earner5. Power station/power plant6. In the vicinity of/around/nearby7. Extraction of seaweed/clean seaweed8. Result from/cause9. In danger/at risk10. Comparatively/relatively11. Explanation/explain/reason12. Transmission of information/information pass on/information send back/transmit13. Unnecessary/redundant/superfluous14. Incident/event15. Initially/originally16. Be about to stop working/on the brink of failing17. Be used to/by means of18. Send messages over distances/transmit information from place to place19. Signal strength/ strength of the signal20. From her childhood/when she was a child21. Her children were born/birth of her two daughters22. Marie took over the teaching position/she was appointed to the professorship23. Have the same property/…is true for …24. Receive recognition/be awarded剑9其他：1. Collect/accumulate2. Both…and/not only…but also3. Stock sth./ a stock of sth.4. Be exposed to/ by exposure to5. Imitation/imitate/mimic6. Be contingent on/ depend on7. Mastery/power8.The aspects of self-awareness is difficult to research directly/Empirical investigation of the se lf-as-subject are rather scarce9. …is link to …/the link between…and…10. Primarily intend for the public/for the ordinary visitor11. Personal involvement/themselves can act as if part of the historical environment12. …and …are less easy to distinguish than before/ the sharp distinction is gradually evapor ating13. Balance the conflicting priorities/ steer a narrow course between the demand of …14. Reveal/present/presentation15. Durable objects/ transitory nature of the materials(反义词)16. Consumer/market force17. Give false impression/ bias in the representation18. Current trend/majority of the public剑8：Cambridge 8 TEST 11. agree=concur=go along with=fall in with=go with v.同意2. sceptic and advocate=different attitude 不同的看法3. significance=impressive=meaning=sense n.重要性4. meditation: the practice of emptying your mind of thoughts and feelings, in order to relax completely or for religious reasons n.冥想，沉思5. parapsychology: the scientific study of mysterious abilities that some people claim to have, such as knowing what will happen in the future n.通灵学6. environment=condition=light, sound, warmth=situation=circumstance n.环境7. alter=change=revise=make changes v. 改变8. trial=experiment=test n.实验9. success rate=positive result=achievement=progress=breakthrough=accomplishment n.成就10. pick out=identify=recognize=know=tell v.认出，识别11. limit=minimize=maximum=the most=ceiling=cut-off point v.限制12. different=individual=not like=vary=not the same=contrast with=diverse adj.独特的13. invention=device=creation=innovation n.发明，装置14. cold temperature=freezing weather=chilly=frosty=wintry=cold snap adj.寒冷的15. farming=agriculture n.农业16. simultaneous=at the same time=together=at once=at one time adj.同时的17. uniform=equal=homogeneous adj.均衡的18. devise=formulate=invent=create=come up with=make up=conceive=coin=dream up v.创造19. civil=municipal=metropolitan adj.城市的20. divide=split=separate=break up=break down=take apart=take something to piece v. 分开21. new=revolutionary=original=innovation=fresh=novel=be in its infancy adj.新的，革命的22. create=introduce=invent=make sth. do sth.=be the cause=lead to sth. v..发明23. organize=co-ordinate=arrange=set out=put something in order=line up v.组织，使协调24. public event=communal activity 公众、社交活动25. aviation disaster=sky accident=air crash 空难26. prompt=result in=lead to=make somebody do something=cause somebody to do something=lead somebody to do something=motivate=induce somebody to do something v. 导致27. resemble=like=similar=alike=much the same=comparable v.类似28. oversimplify=incomplete=simplistic=generalize=see things in black and white adj.过于简化的，不完整的29. altitude=from…meters above the ground=height=how high=level n.高度30. zone=airspace=region=area=district=quarter=block=suburb n.区域31. weather=meteorological=climate=condition n.气候32. categorize=class / type=sort=classify=be grouped=grade v.分类33. create=establish=invent=start up=open=set up=found=inception v.创建34. beacon and flashing=light=beam n.灯光35. improve=develop=evolve=get better=catch up=pick up=things are looking up v.发展，进化36. aircraft=plane=by air n.飞机37. average-sized=medium-sized adj. 中等的38. city=metropolitan=urban=town=village=civic=municipal=downtown n.城市39. pendulum : a long metal stick with a weight at the bottom that swings regularly from side to side to control the working of a clock n.钟摆40. coincidental : happening completely by chance without being planned adj.巧合的41. disobey : to refuse to do what someone with authority tells you to do, or refuse to obey a rule or law v.不服从Cambridge 8 TEST 2drastically : extreme and sudden adv.彻底地carry out : subject to : 使服从remain=stay=keep=continue to be=still v.保持detect=inspect=examine=notice=spot=become aware /conscious=note=conserve=perceive v.检查fault=flaw=defect=trouble=bug=virus=be something wrong with=be something matter with n.缺陷，缺点enough=sufficient=adequate=cover=meet somebody's need adj.足够的main=largely=principal=chief=major=key=primary=prime=predominant=core adj.主要的:documentation=written account=evidence=proof n.证明shift=switch=transfer=move=jerk v.转换consistent=lasting=stay the same=constant=unchanging adj.持续的drought=no rain at all=dry=dusty adj.干旱的period=cycle=era=age n.年代random=arbitrary=at random adj.随机的molten=hot=heat=boiling / boiling hot=scalding / scalding hot adj.熔化的intense=strong=passionate=powerful=deep adj.强烈的discover=explore=find / unearth=turn up v.开发，发现pattern=trade / commodity=business n.贸易relate to=associate with=link to / connect to=identify with 联系feeling=emotional response / sensory=a sense of=passion n. 感觉unappreciated=undervalued adj.低估的difficult=elusive=hard / tough=easier said than done adj.困难的，难懂的study=research=analyse=do/conduct research v.研究smell=odour=scent n.气味interpretation=be considered to be=understanding=reading n.理解define=distinguish=tell the difference v.使明确damage=impair=break=do/cause damage=scratch v.损害realize=consciously consider=occur to=become aware=sink in=strike=hit=wake up to the fact that v.想到reveal=show=demonstrate=let somebody see=present=expose=let somebody take a look v.显示to be defined=unanswered 无答案的husbands and wives=marriage partner / spouse=couple=newlyweds夫妇linguistic=language n.语言describe=name=express=give a description of=talk about=write about=give an account of=tell of v.描述lack=do not exist=not enough=scarce=inadequate=insufficient=in short supply v.缺乏的do not smell=odorless 没有气味的regard as=consider to 把…认作unpleasant=offensive=horrible / disgusting / revolting=not very nice=nasty adj.极讨厌的certain=some=a measure of adj.一些correspond=be consist of=coincide=match up v.一致relevance n.关联float=afloat v.浮动Cambridge 8 TEST 31. building=property=construction n.建筑2. support=back=be behind=in support of=back somebody up v.支持3. financial support=fund=financial aid 资助4. stumbling block=difficulty=trouble n.麻烦5. create=generate=form=produce v.形成6. direct=guide=lead=instruct=give order/instruction v.指导7. beam=laser=ray=glow=glare n.光线，激光8. aim=direct at=purpose=point=idea=objective=goal=target n.目的9. test in real=field test 实地测试10. genius=giftedness / talent / intellectual=intelligence=brains=brilliant=wisdom n.天才11. inherit=run in family=receive=get=be given=be awarded v.继承12. talent=prodigy=skill=ability=craftsmanship=flair=have a knack=a natural ability to do something well n.才能，技能13. lessen=minimize=subside=lighten=relieve=ease=allay v.减少14. significance=supremacy=definition=meaning=sense=connotation n.重要性15. achieve=make=succeed=manage=make progress=accomplish=get results v.达成16. limitation=restricted=disadvantage=drawback=liability=the downside n.限制17. inexorable=inevitable=unstoppable=remorseless adj.无法改变的18. stable=characteristic=constant=steady=fixed=unchanging adj.稳定的19. life span=duration of life20. biological clock=internal clock 生物钟21. prolong=extend=drag out=spin out v.延伸，延长22. principle=law=conscience=scruples n.原则，法则23. optimal=better=best adj.最佳的24. conserve=save / frugal=reserve=keep back v.节约，保存25. immortality : the state of living for ever or being remembered for ever adj.不朽的26. organism=living thing=life form=wildlife =an animal, plant, human, or any other living thing n.有机的Cambridge 8 TEST 31. building=property=construction n.建筑2. support=back=be behind=in support of=back somebody up v.支持3. financial support=fund=financial aid 资助4. stumbling block=difficulty=trouble n.麻烦5. create=generate=form=produce v.形成6. direct=guide=lead=instruct=give order/instruction v.指导7. beam=laser=ray=glow=glare n.光线，激光8. aim=direct at=purpose=point=idea=objective=goal=target n.目的9. test in real=field test 实地测试10. genius=giftedness / talent / intellectual=intelligence=brains=brilliant=wisdom n.天才11. inherit=run in family=receive=get=be given=be awarded v.继承12. talent=prodigy=skill=ability=craftsmanship=flair=have a knack=a natural ability to do something well n.才能，技能13. lessen=minimize=subside=lighten=relieve=ease=allay v.减少14. significance=supremacy=definition=meaning=sense=connotation n.重要性15. achieve=make=succeed=manage=make progress=accomplish=get results v.达成16. limitation=restricted=disadvantage=drawback=liability=the downside n.限制17. inexorable=inevitable=unstoppable=remorseless adj.无法改变的18. stable=characteristic=constant=steady=fixed=unchanging adj.稳定的19. life span=duration of life 寿命20. biological clock=internal clock 生物钟21. prolong=extend=drag out=spin out v.延伸，延长22. principle=law=conscience=scruples n.原则，法则23. optimal=better=best adj.最佳的24. conserve=save / frugal=reserve=keep back v.节约，保存25. immortality : the state of living for ever or being remembered for ever adj.不朽的26. organism=living thing=life form=wildlife =an animal, plant, human, or any other living thing n.有机的Cambridge 8 TEST 41. middle-year education=lower secondary school 中学2. format=pattern n.格式3. less successful student=struggler 差等生4. key=contributing factor=important=major=significant=critical n.关键5. achievement=attainment=progress=breakthrough=accomplishment n.成就6. spacious=largely=big=huge=vast=enormous=immense adj.广阔的7. adapt=accessible=get used to=become/grow accustomed to=adjust to v.适应，可接近的8. careful=elaborate=conscientious=thorough=meticulous=methodical adj.仔细的，精心的9. supplementary=assist=additional=extra=further=added=spare=more=another n.补充，帮助10. effort=hard work=work at=push yourself=labour n.努力11. correct answer=accuracy n.精确12. imbalance=disorder=unequal=disproportionate n.不平衡，紊乱13. no longer respond=resistance=fight against 抵抗14. cost=financial outlay=spend=charge=fare=rental=toll n.支出15. innate=built-in adj.先天的16. immunity=resistance n.免疫力17. entail=involve v.包含18. circumstance=system n.环境，系统19. feed on=prey on 以…为食20. blight=plague v.破坏21. wipe out=eradicate=get rid of=abolish=scrap=do away with=eliminate 根除22. plague=infest=troublesome v.折磨23. compare=determination of variation=contrast=liken=make a comparison=draw an analogy=draw a parallel v.对比24. criterion=identification=standard=scale n.标准，识别25. compatible=use both method=well-matched=be made for each other=be a perfect match /pair/couple=be right for=be ideally suited adj.兼容的26. specimen=individual n.标本27. container=plastic or glass tube n.容器28. wet=marshy=soaked=waterlogged=awash adj.湿的29. habitat=area=the environment=ecosystem=ecology n.栖息地30. pitfall=trap n.陷阱31. little time and effort is required=minimal maintenance and intervention 最小程度的维修与介入32. pesticide: a chemical substance used to kill insects and small animals that destroy crops n.杀虫剂33. preservative: a chemical substance that is used to prevent things from decaying, for example food or wood n.防腐剂剑7Cambridge 7 TEST 11. rely on=depend on 依靠v.2. avoid=stay away=keep away=steer clear of=make a detour 避免v.3. die out=extinct=disappear=no longer exist 灭绝v.4. hunt=search for=look for=try to find=in search of 打猎v.5. limb=arm or leg=body=organ 四肢n.6. perceive=sense=see=spot=become aware of=observe 感知，感觉v.7. calculate=measure=work out=figure=estimate=access 计算v.8. detection=finding=observation 探测n.9. coin=invent=make=create=come up with 发明，创造v.10. inaccurate=incorrect=wrong=misleading 不精确的adj.11. revision=change=shift=reform=alteration 改进n.12. downward=fall=drop=downhill 下降的adj.13. increasing=soaring=growing=rising 上升的adj.14. primarily=mainly=largely=chiefly=principally 主要地adv.15. due to=because of=as a result of=thanks to=owing to 因为16. decrease=reduce=fall=drop 下降v.17. radical=not traditional=new=unconventional 激进的adj.18. prior to=beforehand=before=in advance=on the eve of 之前19. demanding=difficult=hard=challenging=tough 要求高的，艰难的adj.20. well known=notorious=famous=renowned 著名的adj.21. admit=acknowledge=confess=to tell the truth 承认v.22. be similar to=like=resemble=bear a resemblance to=akin to 相似v.23. result in=lead to=cause=give rise to=bring about 引发，导致24. sophisticated=advanced=high-tech=complex=complicated 复杂的25. address=solve=deal with=handle 处理v.26. imitate=copy=impersonate=follow one's example 模仿v.27. maintain=continue=carry on=keep up=preserve 维持v.28. feed=eat=have=chew=swallow=consume 喂食v.29. illustrate=show=demonstrate=make clear=reflect 说明v.30. memorise=learn=commit something to memory 记忆v.31. conventional=traditional=conformist=conservative 传统的v.32. notice=see=spot=be aware of=be conscious of 注意到v.33. retain=keep=save=hold on to 保持v.34. convince=persuade=win sb. over=satisfy 使确信v.35. spectacular=impressive=imposing=striking=grand 壮观的adj. Cambridge 7 TEST 21. interior=inner=inside 内部的adj.2. change=shift=alter=transfer 改变v.3. establish=build=found=set up=start 建立v.4. official=authority=leader=supervisor 官员n.5. isolated=inaccessible=distant=remote=faraway 隔离的, 边远的adj.6. collapse=fall=fall over=fall down 倒塌v.7. destroy=devastate=wreck=obliterate 毁灭v.8. absorb=digest=take in=assimilate 吸收v.9. severe=serious=stiff=heavy 严重的adj.10. purify=refine=distill 净化v.11. hidden=disguised=concealed=veiled 隐藏的adj.12. decline=decrease=reduce=fall=drop 下降v.13. deteriorate=get worse=go down=decline 变坏v.14. recognize=know=identify=pick out 认出v.15. conclude=summarize=come to/reach the conclusion 得出结论v.16. adapt to=get used to=become accustomed to=adjust to 适应v.17. initiate=start=launch=open=set in motion 开始，发起v.18. refer to=mention=allude to=touch on 提到v.19. identify=name=recognize=diagnose 确定，认同v.20. request=demand=claim=petition=appeal 要求n.21. be divided into=separate=split=break up=break down 分开v.22. consist of=be made up of=be composed of=comprise 由…组成23. hinder=hamper=impede 阻碍v.24. objective=aim=purpose=goal=target 目标n.25. implement=carry on=execute=put sth. Into practice 实行v.26. promote=encourage=help=aid 促进v.27. warn=caution=alert=give sb. a warning 警告v.28. observation post=watchtower 瞭望塔n.29. access=entrance=entryway=way in 通路，进入n.Cambridge 7 TEST 31. cause=reason=factor=origin=root 原因n.2. measure=weigh=time=take=read 测量v.3. route=motorway=highway=expressway 车道n.4. exclude=omit=miss out=leave out=drop 排除在外v.5. renewable=sustainable=recycling=environmentally friendly 可再生的adj.6. exist=there is/are=be found=occur 存在v.7. limit=restrict=constrain=confine=keep to 限制v.8. boundary=border=edge=outskirts=frontier 边界n.9. allow for=make sth. Possible 使…成为可能10. proposal=suggestion=recommendation=proposition 提议n.11. urban=city=town=municipal 城市的adj.12. odour=smell=stench=stink 味道n.13. find one's way=navigate 导航v.14. bearing=position=standing 方位n.15. exchange=share=distribute 分享v.16. waste=unwanted materials=rubbish=garbage=trash 废物n.17. dental=teeth 牙齿的adj.18. priority=preferential=the most important=overriding 优先n.19. encourage=promote=help=support=be supportive 鼓励v.20. explore=look for=discuss=think 探索v.21. factor=cause=reason=root=origin 因素n.22. cultivate=grow=raise 培养v.23. convert=modify=transfer=adapt=customize 转变v.24. digest=take in=absorb=assimilate 消化v.25. preserve=protect=keep=store=keep sth. In storage 保存，保护v.26. monitor=watch=keep an eye on 监视v.27. allocate=distribute=apportion=grant=confer 分配v.28. decline=decrease=reduce=fall=drop 下降v.29. fragile=weak=delicate=breakable=feeble 脆弱的adj.30. upgrade=improve=make sth.better=make improvements 改进，提高v.31. advanced=developed=sophisticated=high-tech 先进的adj.32. sustainable=renewable=recycling=environmentally friendly 可持续的adj.33. evidence=proof=documentation 证据n.34. long-standing=lengthy=long-running=lasting 长期的adj.Cambridge 7 TEST 41. large numbers of=tens of thousands of=many 大量的2. large=massive=huge=enormous=vast 巨大的adj.3. resemble=look like=alike=much the same=akin to 相像v.4. foe=enemy=adversary=hostile 敌人n.5. more than=exceed=over=in excess of 超过v.6. decrease=crash=reduction=fall=drop 下降n.7. stop=halt=come to a halt 停止v.8. sufficient=abundant=enough=adequate 充足的adj.9. establish=found=build=set up 建立v.10. be Successful=prosper=do well=succeed=thrive 成功11. recognize=certify=accept=acknowledge承认v.12. label=display=call=brand=hail 贴标签，命名v.13. adapt=adjust=get used to=become/grow accustomed to 适应v.14. mistake=error=fault=slip=mix-up 错误n.15. keep a check on=monitor=watch=keep an eye on 监视v.16. unexpected=unpredictable=unforeseeable 不可预见的adj.17. generally=in general=in the whole=all in all=all things considered 大体上的adv.18. previously=before=earlier=formerly 先前adv.19. apply=use=make use of=exercise=utilize 应用v.20. due to=because=since=owing to=thanks to=as a result of 因为21. raise=lift=lift up=pick up=scoop up 使…上升v.22. in addition=besides=additionally=too=also=as well 除此之外23. inhabitant=resident=population=citizen=local 居民n.24. collapse=failure=fall 崩塌，失败n.25. set up=establish=found=start=open 建立26. ensure=make sure=make certain=see to it that 保证v.27. assist=help=aid=give a hand=do sth. For 协助v.28. deny=refuse=withhold 否认v.29. permit=allow=let=agree to=authorize 许可v.30. interfere=intrude=disrupt=meddle 干扰v.31. repeat=redo=retake=do sth. again 重复v.32. prevent=stop=restrain=hold back=discourage 阻止v.33. disrupt=disturb=upset=break up 打扰v.34. long-term=chronic=long=lengthy=long-running 长期的adj.35. expose=show=reveal=present=let sb. see 暴露，揭发v.36. intense=strong=passionate=powerful=fervent 强烈的adj.37. random=arbitrary=at random 任意的，随机的adj.38. require=demand=need=call for 要求v.39. fatigue=tiredness=exhaustion=drowsiness 疲劳n.40. manifest=show=reveal=present 显示v.41. concentrate=pay attention=put one's mind on=attentive 专注v.42. produce=make=manufacture=create=fashion 生产v.43. carry out=implement=put sth. into practice=execute 实行v.44. perform=do=conduct=dabble in 执行v.剑6：Cambridge 6 TEST 1exchange=apply something learned in one to others=change 交流v.expertise=skill 专门技术n.employ=analyze=study 使用v.investigation=analysis 调查n.narrow=focus on 缩小范围v.reproduce=copy=replicate=repeat 复制v.funded support=finance 资金n.athlete=sportsmen and women 运动员n.calculate=measure 计算v.event=championship 赛事n.plan=prepare=design 计划v.improve=grow=get better 进步v.trade=economy 贸易n.transport=import or export=deliver 运输v.local=domestic=native=indigenous 当地的adj.weakening=less=reduced=decreased 下降的adj.value=worth=price=credit=use=benefit=profit 价值n.delivery=export or import 运输n.nearby nations=geographic neighbours 近邻n.international=ocean=global=worldwide 国际的adj.shipping=freight 船运n.cargo=freight=goods 货物n.tariff=charge=fee=tax 税费n.landscape=environment=nature=surrounding=circumstance=view风景n. difficult=harsh=demanding=tough=challenging 困难的adj.essential supplies=food and clothing=necessities 必需品n.supply=provision=support 供给n.grow=increase=rise=improve=go up=boost=expand=extend 增长v. respect=credibility=weight=hour=admiration=consideration尊重n. understanding=knowledge 了解n.well-being=health 健康n.impossible=out of the question=unlikely 不可能adj.catch=exploit=capture 抓捕v.surrounding=environment=circumstance 环境n.push to one's limits=test one's limits 挑战极限not unmanageable=can cope with 能处理的present inhabitant=descendant 居民give up=abandon 放弃mainly=heavily=most 主要地visit=venture 参观Cambridge 6 TEST 21. successfully=spectacularly well=wonderfully 成功地adv.2. people power=local pressure groups 群众力量n.3. commute=travel 通勤v.4. higher=increasing=more 更高的adj.5. income=wealth=salary=wage=payment 收入n.6. beneficial=valuable=profitable=good 有益的adj.7. together=face to face 共同8. refute=not mean=rebut=deny 反驳v.9. accommodation=live=living condition 住宿n.10. usage=use=benefit=profit 用处n.11. averagely good=reasonable but not special 较好的12. limited=minimal 有限的adj.13. move from one to another=adopt one over another 转移14. show=reveal=uncover=indicate=point out=imply 表明15. related=associated 有关联的adj.16. suffer=be afflicted 忍受(病痛)v.17. research=study=investigation=survey 研究n.18. affect=afflict=influence=change 影响v.19. disease=medical complain=illness 病痛n.20. increase=surge=rise=gain=grow=go up=add=escalate 上升v.21. link=correlation=connection=relationship 关系n.22. considerable=significant=substantial=massive=marked大量的adj.23. reduction=drop=concession=fall=decrease 下降n.24. elderly people=old people 老人n.25. independent=self-reliant 自立的adj.26. regular=daily 定期的adj.27. exercise=physical activity 运动n.28. challenging=difficult=tough=demanding 有挑战性的adj.29. decline=deteriorate=reduce=drop=decrease 下降v.30. lonely=emotionally isolated 孤独的adj.31. hand signal=gesture=body language 手势n.32. restricted=limited 有限的adj.33. concept=abstract idea=definition 定义n.34. specific=particular=detailed 特定的adj.35. early=older 早期的adj.36. fulfill=qualify=achieve=keep=satisfy 完成v.37. sufficient=enough 足够的adj.38. quantity=how many=amount 数量n.39. misunderstanding=confusion 误解n.40. prevent=resolve=forbid=stop 防止v.41. poor=lack of=impoverished 贫穷adj.42. newer=later=recent=present 新的adj.43. ancestor=early people=predecessor 祖先n. 雅思阅读同义词替换(剑六TEST 3)Cambridge 6 TEST 31. teach=educate=cultivate=nature 教育v.2. actor=star 演员n.3. first=initial=early=primary 最早的adj.4. storyline=narrative=plot 故事情节n.5. globe=world 世界n.6. early=first=ancient 早期的adj.7. passing of time=flow of time 时光的流逝8. describe=tell 描述v.9. realistic=achievable 现实的adj.10. target=goal=aim 目标n.11. feedback=comment=advice=criticism 反馈n.12. match to=suit to 合适13. reward=promotion or advancement=prize=benefit 奖励n.14. link to=make something contingent on=associate with=connect with=relate to 联系起来15. achievement=attainment=gain=success 成就n.16. remuneration=payment 酬金n.17. tend to=prone to 倾向于18. feel=perceive=think=find=experience=notice=have an opinion 感觉v.19. participate=be involved in=take part in=join 参加v.20. staff=employee=worker 员工n.21. visible=disclosed=obvious=noticeable 可见的adj.22. clerical worker=clerk 书记员n.23. judge=rate=criticize=assess=evaluate=gauge=appraise 评判v.24. job=work=assignment 工作n.25. delay=slow=prolong=postpone=procrastinate=shelve=put off延后v.26. growing old=ageing 变老27. people=mortal=people=individual 人n.28. life=lifespan 生命29. chance=likelihood=fortune=hope=possibility=opportunity=risk=luck 机会n.30. production=generation=output 产量n.31. theory=hypothesis=guess=guesswork 猜想n.32. focus on=emphasize=aim at=concentrate on 集中于33. short=scarce=limited=insufficient 短缺的adj.剑5Cambridge 5 TEST 11. produce=develop=manufacture生产v.2. central=middle中心的adj.3. did not have=without没有v.4. bring=confer=award=present=grant=confer=allocate=offer带来v.5. time limit=deadline时间限制，期限n.6. increase=go up/rise=grow=climb=gain=escalate=expand=pickup=widen=intensify=build up增加7. assistant=helper=coach 助手n.8. immense=big=major=considerable=great=huge/enormous=tremendous=large scale/large-scale巨大的adj.。
剑桥雅思阅读同义词替换大全_剑4-剑10)
C4 Test 1文章题目alarming rate of loss plightformal tuition classroomharbor holdmisconception mistaken viewmodification change/transform/shiftmajority mostmedia coverage newspapers and television degenerated or rudimentary underdevelopedprimarily usually/mainlycourtship matingnot known not certain/unsuretrack follow onappreciate recognize/identifymeaning understandingquickly rapid/swiftlyexplore investigate/researchlink to assign to/lead toresemble similarinterpret comprehend/understandC4 Test 2breed as a result of/link todisappear/vanish die out/extinctgrowing interest increasing appreciation bilingualism more than one languageaffect determinenot want reject/refuseold traditions the established way of life unusual differ/particularconservative attitude/loath reluctant/unwillingclimb/popularity increase/ascendchronic long-termillness medical complaintslink-up connectionenvironment surroundingsparticular chemical specific sustenance improvement in endurance fitness trainingcognitive mental/spiritualenhance creativity beneficial/profitsC4 Test 3support aidentrepreneurship set up their own business/houseparents or guardians familydemand for income povertymodest rates slightly morecontinent/atmosphere/water feature of our planet/earth fracture section/partmake produce/contribute to swiftly quicklyextrusion outcropcontinent earth’s land surface aware self-conscious unavoidable necessaryunbiased objectivelydeal only with focus onderive gain/obtainnon-verbal behavior/facial expression body language supplement additionalneed rely on/depend onC4 Test 4greatly dramatic/extremely global internationalidentify recognizefocus on aim toimportant useful/significant understanding current knowledge fundamental basic/primary interpretation translate record document break down into subdividedwelling building/livingpartly include consequence impactdramatic sharpprovide produceensure guaranteefinite limitC5 Test 1文章题目deadline time limitto hand availableover in excess ofbe recognized as be hailed asconfer on bring tooffer grantfamous well knownpersonal and moral code personal valuegenetic biologicalobey comply withprior to beforeskepticism criticism(not) accelerate slow downpressing urgentrubbish/trash wastedistortion of perception misleadoverstate exaggerateC5 Test 2文章题目totally entirelydistinction uniqueimmense greatdomain fieldsubstitute alternativeknown as calledassociated with involved withspring to life become activedemanding difficultoutlook subjective viewsrespond reactlack have neither a nor blose momentum be overtakenimprove/enjoy growth developC5 Test 3be disappointing failexplanation reasonresult outcomea cross-section of a variety ofauditory comprehension listeningverbal ability speakingin an attempt to be designed tobe eroded/scour away disappearin the immediate future in the short termsignificantly markeddisparate separateignite public debate become a common topic of conversation term expressionunify bring togetherC5 Test 4booming expansion vulnerable fragilelead to result in renaissance revivedundermine damagedefined parts of the year/seasonality (not) throughout the year few and far between/rare unusualpress publicitywithout warning unexpectedlyanalyse closely examine rapidly quicklyinterior innerspecies typesinduce encouragefluctuate unpredictable fertilization reproducenever reach a maximum no limitC6 Test 1文章题目skills expertisea number of differentapply one to others exchangefocus one’s aim narrow the scope3d/digital camera visual imagecopy reproduceprepare planglobal worldgrow increasecompetitive effectivegeographic neighbors nearby nations domestic market local supplierunusual incidents unprecedented events hardships difficultprovisions suppliesimpact effecthave more credibility and weight respectknowledge understandinggap limitedget some idea appreciateventure into visitout of question problemssurvive sustenance environment surroundingsa handful of a few abandon give upway lifestylerely on depend onC6 Test 2win successfulfar higher increase commuting time traveling time wealthy higher incomes not a best approach avoid dispersal distribution minimal inefficienthard inappropriate gather data carry out research medical complaints medical problems major commonafflict suffer accelerating speed increasing advance development surge increasedrop reduction financial costexpected predictedself-reliance independent physical activity exercise emotionally isolated loneliness limited restricted enough sufficiently confusion misunderstanding distinct not the sameC6 Test 3stars actorsinitial firstall that mattered importantflow of time passing of time movie big screen goals targetsreceive comments give feedback achievable realistic personalise individuals transparent/equitable fairbe prone to tend to perceive feelremuneration/salary/pay earningspublicise disclose advancement promotionminimize lessgeneration productionscarce short supply emphasize focus onC6 Test 4pharmaceutical company drug companyethical moralmake a profit make money woman’s ability to read maternal literacyfigure rateremain more or less unchanged staywhat will be done reactalone on its owndistinguish recognize the differenceC7 Test 1文章题目night, nocturnal darkmanage to survive avoid dying outfind their way navigatesense perceive(notice ,recognize) exploit applymeasure calculatedetection(notice ,discover) findincorrect inaccuratetalk about refer towater resource water supply consequence effectshift back revisionnot rising downward trendhigher specification raise standardsoaring population increasing population mainly because of due primarily to decrease reductionhome domesticradical mainlyapproaches waysperipheral unimportantbeforehand prior tonot unusual be similar tobe easy and pleasant not demanding conventional ordinarynotoriety well known maintain admitC7 Test 2unscathed not destroyederect buildrather than fight absorbinner interior watchtower observation post fifty percent half (be halved) constrain stopBuddhism religiousremoval of….. purifyresult, damage it caused effectrefer to as termnot appear hiddenvanish declinerarely make the connection not recognizedfood poisoning illness caused by food separate ways different types feasible realisticneed (n.) reliance introduction establishshift changesupport and understanding cooperation government authorities officials reference modelisolated inaccessible participate in lend a hand communities local peoplenot successful hinder attempts spend…on doing expenditure motorized vehicles buses and trucksC7 Test 3contact communication urban cityforcing encourage bearings position integrating making calculations prevent unable toodor sense of smellspot findfeed ediblescreen analysis improve, modify upgradeswap exchange continually constantly sophisticate advance technique methodenter America migration to America teeth, incisor dentalargue conflicting views result …was deduced that…. interbreeding populations different populations share variants closenessdiscard excludeartificial not natural survive existfrontier boundary transcend not limitgenetic diversity all kinds of species databank information preferential give priority harmonize coordinateC7 Test 4 conventional picture generally believed odd strangeharness uselook like resembledeliver sendnoticed foundexceed more thanannual each yearmonitor checkhalt stopprosper successfulfound establishcrash sharp decrease commercial companies adjust adaptintrusion occur unpredicted unexpectedloud high-pitchedsoft low-pitched interfere affectability capabilitytake its toll on manifestC8 Test 1文章题目freezing weather cold temperature split dividecase cabinetlike resembleonce eachresult in prompt accident disaster fortuitous coincidental incomplete oversimplified meteorological weather municipal city metropolitan city picture imagelimit minimizeconcur on agree on transform alterchoose from pick outC8 Test 2stay remainany varyingimprove change dramatically recorded documentationfar from rather than drought no rain at all intensely veryexplore discoveraxe cutting down impair damageconsciously consider realisedistinguish recognisenot exist lacklanguage linguisticodourless do not smellC8 Test 3fund financial supportstumbling block difficultyextract out of remove fromall the way up to direct atstop…being stuck protectiondirect aimfield test test in real stormburn out exhaustadversity difficultyrun in family inheritexceptional uniquenessminimize lessensupremacy significancerestrict limitationextend prolongC8 Test 4pattern=format formatlower secondary middle-years education contributing factors keyslowly patientlyhard work effortfocus on emphasisdisorder imbalanceboost crop yield ensure more cut ton was harvest financial outlay total amount ….spend genetic diversity innate immunitysafe free of dangereradication wipe outelusive hard to findindividual separateethanol alcoholvariation compareC9 Test1文章题目perceive recognizetalent and devotion abilityscientific breakthrough discoveryfame and fortune rich and famousattempt to hopenearly instant immediately recognition understand possibilities potentiallater finallyknown as refer totoday nowcurrent use nowagainst be targeted bymalaria diseaseways of sending information across the galaxy radio signalstraverse transmissionlook for seekreact response toreply response tolifetime life expectancylook for search foralien civilization extra-terrestrial intelligence deal with overcomethreats serious problemslook for findpretty welllike resembleto date so fardetection pick upimmediately promptlya major redesign big changesearly incarnation ancestorequivalent to posseslook like resemblereturn to migrate back tothe water the seafragments fossilized remainsplot recordtight denseupper topapproximately aboutfossils ancient creaturesdriest of deserts extremely dry environments return transitionparticular bones forelimbsno overlap, except the same dataC9 Test2national government policy strategyglobal international team working party suggest hypothesis international worldwide standards regulations extremely vulnerable at riskhearing loss auditory problems and in addition to distressing upsetmodern current practices methodsair-conditioning units cooling systemsbe dogged by fail toclouded out prevent calculate work outgovern depend on orbital speeds timesee witness smeared distorteda thick layer of gases atmosphere competitors competitive fields success achievement ways functionsdraw on rely onpast experience previous events product resultnot fall into avoidpitfalls trapsan extraordinary willingness to be receptive to fresh newdifferent newbe bombard with force tovariant psychological illness knowledge concept organization fieldC9 Test3 assessment judgelanguage linguisticaffect influenceexist still with usstop haltpointless impossible taskmisrepresent unrealpopular speech custom of speakingreliable constantcut down reduceair pollution dioxide emissionpower station power plantincome earnernot in danger unlikely to be at riskcoastlines with particular features heavily indented coastsraise lift outcomparatively relativelytransmitted sentpicture imageleft soar out ofabout to stop working on the brink of failingtell get a message toC9 Test 4recognition awardmedical technique treatmentmaterial sourcescollect accumulatesuffer from diedas a result of imitation mimicidentify recognizerelationship connectionmastery controlstruggle aggressiveobserve seeown reflection movement are contingent on their own contribute lead topublic ordinary visitorinvolvement experienceexpert professionally engaged inpresent beliefs contemporary perceptionthe past our ancestorsC10 Test1文章题目negotiate altera millennium ago ancientgain access to ground water water collection application functionshelter provide shadesuffer serious climate event tourists flock frequent visitors spectacular rapiddue to affectcandidates for awaitingnew freshsustainable long-termtransport flows transport trends energy consumption environmental costsby 2020 by the end of this decade alone solelyincrease the efficiency improveprice chargecontinues to increase growingexpect predictgoal objectivefit matchplay it safe avoid risktake more gambles take chances overbearing dominantopt out of ignorea free interchange of ideas share their ideaspeer colleagueboss managernot the most intelligent limitationsstimulate the flow strengthen commitment important valuedmuch more powerful more pervasiveC10 Test2文章题目a burst in population growth an increase in population conditions required allow this to happen changes turn toafraid fearput people out of work unemploymentwithout succumbing preventmortality rate death rateoverdirect too much guidancediminish their gifted pupil's learning autonomy what can be lostnegative emotions anxietyhome educational provision domestic backgrounddeprived socially-disadvantagedmake fewer errors produce accurate work independence self-reliancea great deal a considerable amountexternal regulation more direction from teacherslack of do not haveidentify understand/confirmextremely high examination results impressive gradesprint out huge numbers of texts mass productionthe meaning of words underlying ideasperfectly content to assign happy to instructworkshop apprentices assistantsscale sizegiven the confidence be encouragedexpress their views give their opinions openlyC10 Test3文章题目importance significancehidden or obscured difficulty in recognising/difficult to ascertain largest employer largest employment figuresnumber one majordifficulties problemsmajor most importantsource substancediscard dropdefences against warning signalintense abundantthe reddest the most vividly coloured red paradoxical contradictderelict abandonedlivestock animalshuman remains bonesnagging headwinds extreme climate conditionsthe key to success play a key role instubborn question difficulties explainingcalled it quits halted their expansionreasons known only to them unclearC10 Test4文章题目erratically unpredictablylonger extendedallow fires to spread mishandlinginfrastructure/equipment toolsprecipitation rainfallincreased construction more buildingcharacter personalitydetermined fixeddevelop acquiremaster learna range of a variety ofbring more joy and passion into your life increase their happiness ignorance do not know muchpay attention to actively noticemoral obligation a sense of responsibility/dutyalter overcomephysical stamina physical goalsreappear re-emergenceswitch labs decide to rethink academic career path qualify modifyfit with correctno more than one occasion several timesthrowback/ run backwards reversibleunrelated differentreactivate reappearanswer may lie in might be caused by。
雅思阅读同义词替换03 (剑桥雅思6)
雅思阅读同义词替换(Cambridge 6)1.exchange=apply something learned in one to o thers=change 交流v.2.expertise=skill 专门技术n.3.employ=analyze=study 使用v.4.investigation=analysis 调查n.5.narrow=focus on 缩小范围v.6.reproduce=copy=replicate=repeat 复制v.7.funded support=finance 资金n.8.athlete=sportsmen and women 运动员n.9.calculate=measure 计算v.10.event=championship 赛事n.11.plan=prepare=design 计划v.12.improve=grow=get better 进步v.13.trade=economy 贸易n.14.transport=import or export=deliver 运输v.15.local=domestic=native=indigenous 当地的adj.16.weakening=less=reduced=decreased 下降的adj.17.value=worth=price=credit=use=benefit=profit 价值n.18.delivery=export or import 运输n.19.nearby nations=geographic neighbours 近邻n.20.international=ocean=global=worldwide 国际的adj.21.shipping=freight 船运n.22.cargo=freight=goods 货物n.23.tariff=charge=fee=tax 税费n.ndscape=environment=nature=surrounding=circumstance=view 风景n.25.difficult=harsh=demanding=tough=challenging 困难的adj.26.essential supplies=food and clothing=necessities 必需品n.27.supply=provision=support 供给n.28.grow=increase=rise=improve=go up=boost=expand=extend 增长v.29.respect=credibility=weight=hour=admiration=consideration 尊重n.30.understanding=knowledge 了解n.31.well-being=health 健康n.32.impossible=out of the question=unlikely 不可能adj.33.catch=exploit=capture 抓捕v.34.surrounding=environment=circumstance 环境n.35.push to one's limits=test one's limits 挑战极限36.not unmanageable=can cope with 能处理的37.present inhabitant=descendant 居民38.give up=abandon 放弃39.mainly=heavily=most 主要地40.visit=venture 参观1.successfully=spectacularly well=wonderfully 成功地adv.2.people power=local pressure groups 群众力量n.mute=travel 通勤v.4.higher=increasing=more 更高的adj.5.income=wealth=salary=wage=payment 收入n.6.beneficial=valuable=profitable=good 有益的adj.7.together=face to face 共同8.refute=not mean=rebut=deny 反驳v.9.accommodation=live=living condition 住宿n.age=use=benefit=profit 用处n.11.averagely good=reasonable but not special 较好的12.limited=minimal 有限的adj.13.move from one to another=adopt one over another 转移14.show=reveal=uncover=indicate=point out=imply 表明15.related=associated 有关联的adj.16.suffer=be afflicted 忍受(病痛)v.17.research=study=investigation=survey 研究n.18.affect=afflict=influence=change 影响v.19.disease=medical complain=illness 病痛n.20.increase=surge=rise=gain=grow=go up=add=escalate 上升v.21.link=correlation=connection=relationship 关系n.22.considerable=significant=substantial=massive=marked 大量的adj.23.reduction=drop=concession=fall=decrease 下降n.24.elderly people=old people 老人n.25.independent=self-reliant 自立的adj.26.regular=daily 定期的adj.27.exercise=physical activity 运动n.28.challenging=difficult=tough=demanding 有挑战性的adj.29.decline=deteriorate=reduce=drop=decrease 下降v.30.lonely=emotionally isolated 孤独的adj.31.hand signal=gesture=body language 手势n.32.restricted=limited 有限的adj.33.concept=abstract idea=definition 定义n.34.specific=particular=detailed 特定的adj.35.early=older 早期的adj.36.fulfill=qualify=achieve=keep=satisfy 完成v.37.sufficient=enough 足够的adj.38.quantity=how many=amount 数量n.39.misunderstanding=confusion 误解n.40.prevent=resolve=forbid=stop 防止v.41.poor=lack of=impoverished 贫穷adj.42.newer=later=recent=present 新的adj.43.ancestor=early people=predecessor 祖先n.1.teach=educate=cultivate=nature 教育v.2.actor=star 演员n.3.first=initial=early=primary 最早的adj.4.storyline=narrative=plot 故事情节n.5.globe=world 世界n.6.early=first=ancient 早期的adj.7.passing of time=flow of time 时光的流逝8.describe=tell 描述v.9.realistic=achievable 现实的adj.10.target=goal=aim 目标n.11.feedback=comment=advice=criticism 反馈n.12.match to=suit to 合适13.reward=promotion or advancement=prize=benefit 奖励n.14.link to=make something contingent on=associate with=connect with=relate to 联系起来15.achievement=attainment=gain=success 成就n.16.remuneration=payment 酬金n.17.tend to=prone to 倾向于18.feel=perceive=think=find=experience=notice=have an opinion 感觉v.19.participate=be involved in=take part in=join 参加v.20.staff=employee=worker 员工n.21.visible=disclosed=obvious=noticeable 可见的adj.22.clerical worker=clerk 书记员n.23.judge=rate=criticize=assess=evaluate=gauge=appraise 评判v.24.job=work=assignment 工作n.25.delay=slow=prolong=postpone=procrastinate=shelve=put off 延后v.26.growing old=ageing 变老27.people=mortal=people=individual 人n.28.life=lifespan 生命29.chance=likelihood=fortune=hope=possibility=opportunity=risk=luck 机会n.30.production=generation=output 产量n.31.theory=hypothesis=guess=guesswork 猜想n.32.focus on=emphasize=aim at=concentrate on 集中于33.short=scarce=limited=insufficient 短缺的adj.1.drug company=pharmaceutical company 医药公司n.2.promotion=marketing 营销n.3.increase=escalate=rise=go up=grow 上升v.4.research=study=survey=investigation 研究n.5.work=be an effective way=be useful=help=achieve=succeed=have an effect=happen=turn out 奏效v.6.technique=strategy=skill=expertise=method=way 技术n.7.criticism=judgement=skepticism=disapproval=denunciation 批评n.8.moral=ethical 道德的adj.9.legitimate=have every right to do=legal=right=authorized 合法的adj.10.money=profit=benefit=income=currency 钱n.11.adults=men and women 成人n.12.maternal=mother=female 母亲的adj.cation=literacy=cultivation 教育n.14.child=infant=kid 孩子n.15.approximately=about=around=nearly 大约adv.16.impressive=greatest=touching=unforgettable 印象深刻的adj.17.programme=campaign=project 项目n.mon=persistent=normal=usual=ordinary=everyday 常见的adj.19.be halved=decline by 50% 减半20.key=most important=crucial=critical=significant 关键的adj.21.produce=develop=generate=engineer=manufacture 生产v.22.detailed=explicit=specific 细节的adj.23.on its own=alone 自身24.however=but=yet 但是25.self-confidence=assertiveness=confidence 自信n.26.effective=useful=beneficial=good=needed 有效的adj.。
雅思阅读同义词替换(剑 1-剑 9)
雅思阅读同义词替换（剑1-剑9）剑 9 第一篇：1. recognise one's ability/ perceive one's talent/one's talent be perceived2. enrol in a school/attend a school3. sth that made him rich and famous/ sth bring him both fame and fortune4. Immediately understand/instant recognition5. refer to/ known as6. consult/ ask advice of7. now/ current/present/happening8. transmission/ sending information9. response/ reply10. ground rules/ assumptions underlying the research11. likelihood/ it seems/ perhaps, guess, estimate12. life expectancy/ the lifetime of13. most powerful/ the largest/ the biggest/ the best/ the greatest14. resemble/ pretty well like/ be similar to/ same as15. promptly/ immediately/instantly16. migrant/ migrate/ migration17. before/ in advance/ prior/ previously/ former18. make big changes/ redesign/modification/alteration19. lack/ never/no/not/in need of/want20. incomplete fossilised remains/ only fragments are found21. determine/ decide22. obtain/ acquire/ earn / gain / get/ procure/ receive / secure23. dense/ tight/thick/heavy24. indicate/ demonstrate / disclose / display / exhibit/ express/ hint/ imply/ point out/ pr esent/ reveal/ show /signify/suggest1. Initiative/initiate/ launch/ pioneer/ introduce/ develop2. National policy/ New Zealand strategy3. Global/international4. Team effort/ institutional working party5. Hypothesis/guess/ speculation/ possibility/theory/potential6. Suitable/appropriate7. Worldwide regulations/ international standard8. Medical conditions/ illness/ disease9. Place…at risk/ leave…vulnerable10. Auditory problems/hearing loss11. Study/carry out research12. Machinery noise/ noise generated by machine13. Child which have not been diagnosed/ undiagnosed children14. Current teaching method/ modern teaching practices15. Cooling systems/ air-conditioning/mechanical means of ventilation16. Different/distinct/varied/reverse17. Prevent/keep from/inhibit/stop/thwart18. Potential/future/be expected to be/possible/likely19. Fail to do/never/not/unable to do20. Calculate/determine the value21. Be worked out/be calculated22. Realise/recognise/show/see/understand23. Witness/view/see/observe24. Distorted/look smeared/not circular1. Competitive/competitors/competition2. Achievement/success3. Because/thus/It is… that 强调句型/so4. Rely on previous events/draw on past experience5. A result of/ a product of6. Pitfalls/ traps/snares7. Exposure to …/bombard…with8. Receptive/receive/embrace/accept/agree9. Novelty/new experience10. Fear/phobia11. Embarrassment/ridicule12. Psychological illness/mental disorder13. Decide/decision14. Scientific/science/technology/technological15. Argue/argument/debate/debatable/discuss/dispute/disputable16. Understandable/understand/reasonable17. Be affected by/influence18. Stil exist/be still with us19. Stop/halt/prevent/end20. Pointless/not/no point of21. Misrepresented/paint unreal pictures22. The custom of speaking/ popular speech23. Grammatical rules/ rules of grammar24. Alternative/choice/way/replacement剑 9 第四篇1. Back into Britain/ re-import into Britain2. Reliable/predictable3. Cut down/reduce4. Increase income/export earner5. Power station/power plant6. In the vicinity of/around/nearby7. Extraction of seaweed/clean seaweed8. Result from/cause9. In danger/at risk10. Comparatively/relatively11. Explanation/explain/reason12. Transmission of information/information pass on/information send back/transmit 13. Unnecessary/redundant/superfluous14. Incident/event15. Initial y/original y16. Be about to stop working/on the brink of failing17. Be used to/by means of18. Send messages over distances/transmit information from place to place19. Signal strength/ strength of the signal20. From her childhood/when she was a child21. Her children were born/birth of her two daughters22. Marie took over the teaching position/she was appointed to the professorship 23. Have the same property/…is true for …24. Receive recognition/be awarded剑 9 其他：1. Col ect/accumulate2. Both…and/not only…but also3. Stock sth./ a stock of sth.4. Be exposed to/ by exposure to5. Imitation/imitate/mimic6. Be contingent on/ depend on7. Mastery/power8. The aspects of self-awareness is difficult to research directly/Empiricalinvestigation of the se lf-as-subject are rather scarce9. …is link to …/the link between…and…10. Primarily intend for the public/for the ordinary visitor11. Personal involvement/themselves can act as if part of the historical environment 112. …and …are less easy to distinguish than before/ the sharp distinction is g radual y evapor ating13. Balance the conflicting priorities/ steer a narrow course between the demand of …14. Reveal/present/presentation15. Durable objects/ transitory nature of the materials(反义词)16. Consumer/market force17. Give false impression/ bias in the representation18. Current trend/majority of the public剑8：Cambridge 8 TEST 11. agree=concur=go along with=fal in with=go with v.同意2. sceptic and advocate=different attitude 不同的看法3. significance=impressive=meaning=sense n.重要性4. meditation: the practice of emptying your mind of thoughts and feelings, in order to relax completely or for religious reasons n.冥想，沉思5. parapsychology: the scientific study of mysterious abilities that some people claim to have, such as knowing what wil happen in the future n.通灵学6. environment=condition=light, sound, warmth=situation=circumstance n.环境7. alter=change=revise=make changes v. 改变8. trial=experiment=test n.实验9. success rate=positive result=achievement=progress=breakthrough=accomplishment n.成就10. pick out=identify=recognize=know=tel v.认出，识别11. limit=minimize=maximum=the most=ceiling=cut-off point v.限制12. different=individual=not like=vary=not the same=contrast with=diverse adj.独特的13. invention=device=creation=innovation n.发明，装置14. cold temperature=freezing weather=chil y=frosty=wintry=cold snap adj.寒冷的15. farming=agriculture n.农业16. simultaneous=at the same time=together=at once=at one time adj.同时的17. uniform=equal=homogeneous adj.均衡的18. devise=formulate=invent=create=come up with=make up=conceive=coin=dream upv.创造19. civil=municipal=metropolitan adj.城市的20. divide=split=separate=break up=break down=take apart=take something to piece v.分开21. new=revolutionary=original=innovation=fresh=novel=be in its infancy adj.新的，革命的22. create=introduce=invent=make sth. do sth.=be the cause=lead to sth. v..发明23. organize=co-ordinate=arrange=set out=put something in order=line up v.组织，使协调24. public event=communal activity 公众、社交活动25. aviation disaster=sky accident=air crash 空难26. prompt=result in=lead to=make somebody do something=cause somebody to dosomething=lead somebody to do something=motivate=induce somebody to do something v.导致27. resemble=like=similar=alike=much the same=comparable v.类似28. oversimplify=incomplete=simplistic=generalize=see things in black and white adj.过于简化的，不完整的29. altitude=from…meters above the ground=height=how high=level n.高度30. zone=airspace=region=area=district=quarter=block=suburb n.区域31. weather=meteorological=climate=condition n.气候32. categorize=class / type=sort=classify=be grouped=grade v.分类33. create=establish=invent=start up=open=set up=found=inception v.创建34. beacon and flashing=light=beam n.灯光35. improve=develop=evolve=get better=catch up=pick up=things are looking up v.发展，进化36. aircraft=plane=by air n.飞机37. average-sized=medium-sized adj. 中等的38. city=metropolitan=urban=town=vil age=civic=municipal=downtown n.城市39. pendulum : a long metal stick with a weight at the bottom that swings regularly from side to side to control the working of a clock n.钟摆40. coincidental : happening completely by chance without being planned adj.巧合的41. disobey : to refuse to do what someone with authority tel s you to do, or refuse to obey a rule or law v.不服从Cambridge 8 TEST 2drastical y : extreme and sudden adv.彻底地carry out : subject to : 使服从remain=stay=keep=continue to be=stil v.保持detect=inspect=examine=notice=spot=become aware /conscious=note=conserve=perceive v.检查fault=flaw=defect=trouble=bug=virus=be something wrong with=be something matter with n.缺陷，缺点enough=sufficient=adequate=cover=meet somebody's need adj.足够的main=largely=principal=chief=major=key=primary=prime=predominant=core adj.主要的:documentation=written account=evidence=proof n.证明shift=switch=transfer=move=jerk v.转换consistent=lasting=stay the same=constant=unchanging adj.持续的drought=no rain at al =dry=dusty adj.干旱的period=cycle=era=age n.年代random=arbitrary=at random adj.随机的molten=hot=heat=boiling / boiling hot=scalding / scalding hot adj.熔化的intense=strong=passionate=powerful=deep adj.强烈的discover=explore=find / unearth=turn up v.开发，发现pattern=trade / commodity=business n.贸易relate to=associate with=link to / connect to=identify with 联系feeling=emotional response / sensory=a sense of=passion n. 感觉unappreciated=undervalued adj.低估的difficult=elusive=hard / tough=easier said than done adj.困难的，难懂的study=research=analyse=do/conduct research v.研究smell=odour=scent n.气味interpretation=be considered to be=understanding=reading n.理解define=distinguish=tel the difference v.使明确damage=impair=break=do/cause damage=scratch v.损害realize=consciously consider=occur to=become aware=sink in=strike=hit=wake up to the fact that v.想到reveal=show=demonstrate=let somebody see=present=expose=let somebody take alook v.显示to be defined=unanswered 无答案的husbands and wives=marriage partner / spouse=couple=newlyweds 夫妇linguistic=language n.语言describe=name=express=give a description of=talk about=write about=give an accountof=tell of v.描述lack=do not exist=not enough=scarce=inadequate=insufficient=in short supply v.缺乏的do not smel =odorless 没有气味的regard as=consider to 把…认作unpleasant=offensive=horrible / disgusting / revolting=not very nice=nasty adj.极讨厌的certain=some=a measure of adj.一些correspond=be consist of=coincide=match up v.一致relevance n.关联float=afloat v.浮动1. building=property=construction n.建筑2. support=back=be behind=in support of=back somebody up v.支持3. financial support=fund=financial aid 资助4. stumbling block=difficulty=trouble n.麻烦5. create=generate=form=produce v.形成6. direct=guide=lead=instruct=give order/instruction v.指导7. beam=laser=ray=glow=glare n.光线，激光8. aim=direct at=purpose=point=idea=objective=goal=target n.目的9. test in real=field test 实地测试10. genius=giftedness / talent / intel ectual=intel igence=brains=bril iant=wisdom n.天才11. inherit=run in family=receive=get=be given=be awarded v.继承12. talent=prodigy=skil =ability=craftsmanship=flair=have a knack=a natural ability to do something wel n.才能，技能13. lessen=minimize=subside=lighten=relieve=ease=al ay v.减少14. significance=supremacy=definition=meaning=sense=connotation n.重要性15. achieve=make=succeed=manage=make progress=accomplish=get results v.达成16. limitation=restricted=disadvantage=drawback=liability=the downside n.限制17. inexorable=inevitable=unstoppable=remorseless adj.无法改变的18. stable=characteristic=constant=steady=fixed=unchanging adj.稳定的19. life span=duration of life20. biological clock=internal clock 生物钟21. prolong=extend=drag out=spin out v.延伸，延长22. principle=law=conscience=scruples n.原则，法则23. optimal=better=best adj.最佳的24. conserve=save / frugal=reserve=keep back v.节约，保存25. immortality : the state of living for ever or being remembered for ever adj.不朽的26. organism=living thing=life form=wildlife =an animal, plant, human, or any otherliving thing n.有机的1. building=property=construction n.建筑2. support=back=be behind=in support of=back somebody up v.支持3. financial support=fund=financial aid 资助4. stumbling block=difficulty=trouble n.麻烦5. create=generate=form=produce v.形成6. direct=guide=lead=instruct=give order/instruction v.指导7. beam=laser=ray=glow=glare n.光线，激光8. aim=direct at=purpose=point=idea=objective=goal=target n.目的9. test in real=field test 实地测试10. genius=giftedness / talent / intel ectual=intel igence=brains=bril iant=wisdom n.天才11. inherit=run in family=receive=get=be given=be awarded v.继承12. talent=prodigy=skil =ability=craftsmanship=flair=have a knack=a natural ability to do something wel n.才能，技能13. lessen=minimize=subside=lighten=relieve=ease=al ay v.减少14. significance=supremacy=definition=meaning=sense=connotation n.重要性15. achieve=make=succeed=manage=make progress=accomplish=get results v.达成16. limitation=restricted=disadvantage=drawback=liability=the downside n.限制17. inexorable=inevitable=unstoppable=remorseless adj.无法改变的18. stable=characteristic=constant=steady=fixed=unchanging adj.稳定的19. life span=duration of life 寿命20. biological clock=internal clock 生物钟21. prolong=extend=drag out=spin out v.延伸，延长22. principle=law=conscience=scruples n.原则，法则23. optimal=better=best adj.最佳的24. conserve=save / frugal=reserve=keep back v.节约，保存25. immortality : the state of living for ever or being remembered for ever adj.不朽的26. organism=living thing=life form=wildlife =an animal, plant, human, or any otherliving thing n.有机的1. middle-year education=lower secondary school 中学2. format=pattern n.格式3. less successful student=struggler 差等生4. key=contributing factor=important=major=significant=critical n.关键5. achievement=attainment=progress=breakthrough=accomplishment n.成就6. spacious=largely=big=huge=vast=enormous=immense adj.广阔的7. adapt=accessible=get used to=become/grow accustomed to=adjust to v.适应，可接近的8. careful=elaborate=conscientious=thorough=meticulous=methodical adj.仔细的，精心的9. supplementary=assist=additional=extra=further=added=spare=more=another n.补充，帮助10. effort=hard work=work at=push yourself=labour n.努力11. correct answer=accuracy n.精确12. imbalance=disorder=unequal=disproportionate n.不平衡，紊乱13. no longer respond=resistance=fight against 抵抗14. cost=financial outlay=spend=charge=fare=rental=tol n.支出15. innate=built-in adj.先天的16. immunity=resistance n.免疫力17. entail=involve v.包含18. circumstance=system n.环境，系统19. feed on=prey on 以…为食20. blight=plague v.破坏21. wipe out=eradicate=get rid of=abolish=scrap=do away with=eliminate 根除22. plague=infest=troublesome v.折磨23. compare=determination of variation=contrast=liken=make a comparison=draw an analogy=draw a parallel v.对比24. criterion=identification=standard=scale n.标准，识别25. compatible=use both method=well-matched=be made for each other=be a perfectmatch /pair/couple=be right for=be ideal y suited adj.兼容的26. specimen=individual n.标本27. container=plastic or glass tube n.容器28. wet=marshy=soaked=waterlogged=awash adj.湿的29. habitat=area=the environment=ecosystem=ecology n.栖息地30. pitfal =trap n.陷阱31. little time and effort is required=minimal maintenance and intervention 最小程度的维修与介入32. pesticide: a chemical substance used to kil insects and smal animals that destroy crops n.杀虫剂33. preservative: a chemical substance that is used to prevent things from decaying, for example food or wood n.防腐剂剑7Cambridge 7 TEST 11. rely on=depend on 依靠 v.2. avoid=stay away=keep away=steer clear of=make a detour 避免 v.3. die out=extinct=disappear=no longer exist 灭绝 v.4. hunt=search for=look for=try to find=in search of 打猎 v.5. limb=arm or leg=body=organ 四肢 n.6. perceive=sense=see=spot=become aware of=observe 感知，感觉 v.7. calculate=measure=work out=figure=estimate=access 计算 v.8. detection=finding=observation 探测 n.9. coin=invent=make=create=come up with 发明，创造 v.10. inaccurate=incorrect=wrong=misleading 不精确的 adj.11. revision=change=shift=reform=alteration 改进 n.12. downward=fal =drop=downhil 下降的 adj.13. increasing=soaring=growing=rising 上升的 adj.14. primarily=mainly=largely=chiefly=principal y 主要地 adv.15. due to=because of=as a result of=thanks to=owing to 因为16. decrease=reduce=fal =drop 下降 v.17. radical=not traditional=new=unconventional 激进的 adj.18. prior to=beforehand=before=in advance=on the eve of 之前19. demanding=difficult=hard=chal enging=tough 要求高的，艰难的 adj.20. wel known=notorious=famous=renowned 著名的 adj.21. admit=acknowledge=confess=to tel the truth 承认 v.22. be similar to=like=resemble=bear a resemblance to=akin to 相似 v.23. result in=lead to=cause=give rise to=bring about 引发，导致24. sophisticated=advanced=high-tech=complex=complicated 复杂的25. address=solve=deal with=handle 处理 v.26. imitate=copy=impersonate=fol ow one's example 模仿 v.27. maintain=continue=carry on=keep up=preserve 维持 v.28. feed=eat=have=chew=swal ow=consume 喂食 v.29. il ustrate=show=demonstrate=make clear=reflect 说明 v.30. memorise=learn=commit something to memory 记忆 v.31. conventional=traditional=conformist=conservative 传统的 v.32. notice=see=spot=be aware of=be conscious of 注意到 v.33. retain=keep=save=hold on to 保持 v.34. convince=persuade=win sb. over=satisfy 使确信 v.35. spectacular=impressive=imposing=striking=grand 壮观的 adj.Cambridge 7 TEST 21. interior=inner=inside 内部的 adj.2. change=shift=alter=transfer 改变 v.3. establish=build=found=set up=start 建立 v.4. official=authority=leader=supervisor 官员 n.5. isolated=inaccessible=distant=remote=faraway 隔离的, 边远的 adj.6. collapse=fall=fall over=fall down 倒塌 v.7. destroy=devastate=wreck=obliterate 毁灭 v.8. absorb=digest=take in=assimilate 吸收 v.9. severe=serious=stiff=heavy 严重的 adj.10. purify=refine=distil 净化 v.11. hidden=disguised=concealed=veiled 隐藏的 adj.12. decline=decrease=reduce=fal =drop 下降 v.13. deteriorate=get worse=go down=decline 变坏 v.14. recognize=know=identify=pick out 认出 v.15. conclude=summarize=come to/reach the conclusion 得出结论 v.16. adapt to=get used to=become accustomed to=adjust to 适应 v.17. initiate=start=launch=open=set in motion 开始，发起 v.18. refer to=mention=al ude to=touch on 提到 v.19. identify=name=recognize=diagnose 确定，认同 v.20. request=demand=claim=petition=appeal 要求 n.21. be divided into=separate=split=break up=break down 分开 v.22. consist of=be made up of=be composed of=comprise 由…组成23. hinder=hamper=impede 阻碍 v.24. objective=aim=purpose=goal=target 目标 n.25. implement=carry on=execute=put sth. Into practice 实行 v.26. promote=encourage=help=aid 促进 v.27. warn=caution=alert=give sb. a warning 警告 v.28. observation post=watchtower 瞭望塔 n.29. access=entrance=entryway=way in 通路，进入 n.Cambridge 7 TEST 31. cause=reason=factor=origin=root 原因 n.2. measure=weigh=time=take=read 测量 v.3. route=motorway=highway=expressway 车道 n.4. exclude=omit=miss out=leave out=drop 排除在外 v.5. renewable=sustainable=recycling=environmental y friendly 可再生的 adj.6. exist=there is/are=be found=occur 存在 v.7. limit=restrict=constrain=confine=keep to 限制 v.8. boundary=border=edge=outskirts=frontier 边界 n.9. al ow for=make sth. Possible 使…成为可能10. proposal=suggestion=recommendation=proposition 提议 n.11. urban=city=town=municipal 城市的 adj.12. odour=smel =stench=stink 味道 n.13. find one's way=navigate 导航 v.14. bearing=position=standing 方位 n.15. exchange=share=distribute 分享 v.16. waste=unwanted materials=rubbish=garbage=trash 废物 n.17. dental=teeth 牙齿的 adj.18. priority=preferential=the most important=overriding 优先 n.19. encourage=promote=help=support=be supportive 鼓励 v.20. explore=look for=discuss=think 探索 v.21. factor=cause=reason=root=origin 因素 n.22. cultivate=grow=raise 培养 v.23. convert=modify=transfer=adapt=customize 转变 v.24. digest=take in=absorb=assimilate 消化 v.25. preserve=protect=keep=store=keep sth. In storage 保存，保护 v.26. monitor=watch=keep an eye on 监视 v.27. al ocate=distribute=apportion=grant=confer 分配 v.28. decline=decrease=reduce=fal =drop 下降 v.29. fragile=weak=delicate=breakable=feeble 脆弱的 adj.30. upgrade=improve=make sth.better=make improvements 改进，提高 v.31. advanced=developed=sophisticated=high-tech 先进的 adj.32. sustainable=renewable=recycling=environmental y friendly 可持续的 adj.33. evidence=proof=documentation 证据 n.34. long-standing=lengthy=long-running=lasting 长期的 adj.Cambridge 7 TEST 41. large numbers of=tens of thousands of=many 大量的2. large=massive=huge=enormous=vast 巨大的 adj.3. resemble=look like=alike=much the same=akin to 相像 v.4. foe=enemy=adversary=hostile 敌人 n.5. more than=exceed=over=in excess of 超过 v.6. decrease=crash=reduction=fal =drop 下降 n.7. stop=halt=come to a halt 停止 v.8. sufficient=abundant=enough=adequate 充足的 adj.9. establish=found=build=set up 建立 v.10. be Successful=prosper=do well=succeed=thrive 成功11. recognize=certify=accept=acknowledge 承认 v.12. label=display=cal =brand=hail 贴标签，命名 v.13. adapt=adjust=get used to=become/grow accustomed to 适应 v.14. mistake=error=fault=slip=mix-up 错误 n.15. keep a check on=monitor=watch=keep an eye on 监视 v.16. unexpected=unpredictable=unforeseeable 不可预见的 adj.17. general y=in general=in the whole=al in al =al things considered 大体上的 adv.18. previously=before=earlier=formerly 先前 adv.19. apply=use=make use of=exercise=utilize 应用 v.20. due to=because=since=owing to=thanks to=as a result of 因为21. raise=lift=lift up=pick up=scoop up 使…上升 v.22. in addition=besides=additional y=too=also=as well 除此之外23. inhabitant=resident=population=citizen=local 居民 n.24. collapse=failure=fall 崩塌，失败 n.25. set up=establish=found=start=open 建立26. ensure=make sure=make certain=see to it that 保证 v.27. assist=help=aid=give a hand=do sth. For 协助 v.28. deny=refuse=withhold 否认 v.29. permit=al ow=let=agree to=authorize 许可 v.30. interfere=intrude=disrupt=meddle 干扰 v.31. repeat=redo=retake=do sth. again 重复 v.32. prevent=stop=restrain=hold back=discourage 阻止 v.33. disrupt=disturb=upset=break up 打扰 v.34. long-term=chronic=long=lengthy=long-running 长期的 adj.35. expose=show=reveal=present=let sb. see 暴露，揭发 v.36. intense=strong=passionate=powerful=fervent 强烈的 adj.37. random=arbitrary=at random 任意的，随机的 adj.38. require=demand=need=cal for 要求 v.39. fatigue=tiredness=exhaustion=drowsiness 疲劳 n.40. manifest=show=reveal=present 显示 v.41. concentrate=pay attention=put one's mind on=attentive 专注 v.42. produce=make=manufacture=create=fashion 生产 v.43. carry out=implement=put sth. into practice=execute 实行 v.44. perform=do=conduct=dabble in 执行 v.剑6：Cambridge 6 TEST 1exchange=apply something learned in one to others=change 交流 v. expertise=skil 专门技术 n.employ=analyze=study 使用 v.investigation=analysis 调查 n.narrow=focus on 缩小范围 v.reproduce=copy=replicate=repeat 复制 v.funded support=finance 资金 n.athlete=sportsmen and women 运动员 n.calculate=measure 计算 v.event=championship 赛事 n.plan=prepare=design 计划 v.improve=grow=get better 进步 v.trade=economy 贸易 n.transport=import or export=deliver 运输 v.local=domestic=native=indigenous 当地的 adj.weakening=less=reduced=decreased 下降的 adj.value=worth=price=credit=use=benefit=profit 价值 n.delivery=export or import 运输 n.nearby nations=geographic neighbours 近邻 n.international=ocean=global=worldwide 国际的 adj.shipping=freight 船运 n.cargo=freight=goods 货物 n.tariff=charge=fee=tax 税费 n.landscape=environment=nature=surrounding=circumstance=view 风景 n. difficult=harsh=demanding=tough=chal enging 困难的 adj.essential supplies=food and clothing=necessities 必需品 n.supply=provision=support 供给 n.grow=increase=rise=improve=go up=boost=expand=extend 增长 v. respect=credibility=weight=hour=admiration=consideration 尊重 n. understanding=knowledge 了解 n.well-being=health 健康 n.impossible=out of the question=unlikely 不可能 adj.catch=exploit=capture 抓捕 v.surrounding=environment=circumstance 环境 n.push to one's limits=test one's limits 挑战极限not unmanageable=can cope with 能处理的present inhabitant=descendant 居民give up=abandon 放弃mainly=heavily=most 主要地visit=venture 参观Cambridge 6 TEST 21. successfully=spectacularly wel =wonderfully 成功地 adv.2. people power=local pressure groups 群众力量 n.3. commute=travel 通勤 v.4. higher=increasing=more 更高的 adj.5. income=wealth=salary=wage=payment 收入 n.6. beneficial=valuable=profitable=good 有益的 adj.7. together=face to face 共同8. refute=not mean=rebut=deny 反驳 v.9. accommodation=live=living condition 住宿 n.10. usage=use=benefit=profit 用处 n.11. averagely good=reasonable but not special 较好的12. limited=minimal 有限的 adj.13. move from one to another=adopt one over another 转移14. show=reveal=uncover=indicate=point out=imply 表明15. related=associated 有关联的 adj.16. suffer=be afflicted 忍受(病痛)v.17. research=study=investigation=survey 研究 n.18. affect=afflict=influence=change 影响 v.19. disease=medical complain=il ness 病痛 n.20. increase=surge=rise=gain=grow=go up=add=escalate 上升 v.21. link=correlation=connection=relationship 关系 n.22. considerable=significant=substantial=massive=marked 大量的 adj.23. reduction=drop=concession=fal =decrease 下降 n.24. elderly people=old people 老人 n.25. independent=self-reliant 自立的 adj.26. regular=daily 定期的 adj.27. exercise=physical activity 运动 n.28. chal enging=difficult=tough=demanding 有挑战性的 adj.29. decline=deteriorate=reduce=drop=decrease 下降 v.30. lonely=emotional y isolated 孤独的 adj.31. hand signal=gesture=body language 手势 n.32. restricted=limited 有限的 adj.33. concept=abstract idea=definition 定义 n.34. specific=particular=detailed 特定的 adj.35. early=older 早期的 adj.36. fulfil =qualify=achieve=keep=satisfy 完成 v.37. sufficient=enough 足够的 adj.38. quantity=how many=amount 数量 n.39. misunderstanding=confusion 误解 n.40. prevent=resolve=forbid=stop 防止 v.41. poor=lack of=impoverished 贫穷 adj.42. newer=later=recent=present 新的 adj.43. ancestor=early people=predecessor 祖先 n.雅思阅读同义词替换(剑六 TEST 3)Cambridge 6 TEST 31. teach=educate=cultivate=nature 教育 v.2. actor=star 演员 n.3. first=initial=early=primary 最早的 adj.4. storyline=narrative=plot 故事情节 n.5. globe=world 世界 n.6. early=first=ancient 早期的 adj.7. passing of time=flow of time 时光的流逝8. describe=tell 描述 v.9. realistic=achievable 现实的 adj.10. target=goal=aim 目标 n.11. feedback=comment=advice=criticism 反馈 n.12. match to=suit to 合适13. reward=promotion or advancement=prize=benefit 奖励 n.14. link to=make something contingent on=associate with=connect with=relate to 联系起来15. achievement=attainment=gain=success 成就 n.16. remuneration=payment 酬金 n.17. tend to=prone to 倾向于18. feel=perceive=think=find=experience=notice=have an opinion 感觉 v.19. participate=be involved in=take part in=join 参加 v.20. staff=employee=worker 员工 n.21. visible=disclosed=obvious=noticeable 可见的 adj.22. clerical worker=clerk 书记员 n.23. judge=rate=criticize=assess=evaluate=gauge=appraise 评判 v.24. job=work=assignment 工作 n.25. delay=slow=prolong=postpone=procrastinate=shelve=put off 延后 v.26. growing old=ageing 变老27. people=mortal=people=individual 人 n.28. life=lifespan 生命29. chance=likelihood=fortune=hope=possibility=opportunity=risk=luck 机会 n.30. production=generation=output 产量 n.31. theory=hypothesis=guess=guesswork 猜想 n.32. focus on=emphasize=aim at=concentrate on 集中于33. short=scarce=limited=insufficient 短缺的 adj.。
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irrigation
agriculture
food supply, water, canal, lake, ocean, sea, river, field, farmland, farmer, meadow
8
disuse
No
without, not, lack, impossible, improper, inappropriate, unnecessary, abandon，desert，give up，refuse，resist
26
further
Next
then, advance, additional…
27
question
？
problem, issue, doubt, difficulty, suspicious, suspect
28
cause
Reason
lead to, result in/from, attribute, abscirbe, due to, owing to, because, contribute, why, thanks to, hence, thus, therefore, accordingly, consequence
12
technology
technology
science，skill，machine，equipment，facility，infrastructure，tool，vehicle，technician，engineer
13
relevance
Relate
connect, link, contact, associate, relationship, intimate, get touch with
32
measure
calibrate
test, scale, calculate, figure out
33
domestic water
drinking water
shower, WC, toilet, wash, irrigate
34
purify
clean, removal
clear, tidy, anti-bacteria, sanitation, remove, get rid of
剑桥雅思阅读真题同意替换整理版——曹敏
序号
题目单词
原文替换单词
衍生同意单词
1
scientist
expert
physicist, specialist，biologist，zoologist, chemist, researcher，professor, master, skeptics, advocate
37
term
be referred to as
definition, technical word, vocabulary, be defined as, be known as, be called, be termed as, expression
38
hidden
not appear
disappear, invisible, vanish, hide, underlie, escape, secret, buried, concealed, obscure, cover
dental
tooth, teeth
dentist
22
development
develop, advancement
promotion, improvement, high, progress, boost
23
population movement
migration
immigrant, shift, change
29
relationship
Relate
relavant, relative, friendship, fellowship
30
different
but, however
unlike, conversely, yet, nevertheless, nonetheless
31
between
Two
2, as well as, and, on the one hand…on the other hand, either…or…, both…and…, the former…the latter, couple with
2
revision
change, rather than, instead of，shift
correct, transformation, contrast, adjustment, turn, but, however, nevertheless, contrary
3ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
policy
way, philosophy
42
military
battle, battlefield
soldier, navy, army, air force, force, war, arm, gun, marine,
43
electronically
computer
electricity, current, battery, laptop, mobile phone, television, telephone, e-mail, internet
53
pupil
pupil
primary school, elementary school, education
54
identity
actor
identify, identification, student, son
organisation
rule, law, principle, guideline, decision
government, department
4
explanation
explain
claim, conclusion, tell, instruct, demonstrate, declare, argue，believe，maintain，insist，emphasize，say，“”
24
method
technique
approach, measure, way, technology, technical, strategy, skill, tool
25
early
prehistoric
long long ago, before, previous, former,过去式, 1890s, 1980s, ancestor, precede，date back, precursor, primitive, original, aboriginal, archaeology
11
financial
Finance
cost, economy, economic, bill, fee, fare, freight, money, consumption, expenditure, spend, tax, tariff, expense, duty, custom, currency, fund, invest, donation, scholarship, penny, pound, dollar, rent, deposit, value, worth。。。。$
17
surprising
unexpected, predict
unbelievable, incredible, terrific, amazing, forecast, anticipate, think, plan
18
need
Demand
call for, require, request, want, desire, eager, willing…
35
farming industry
Farm
agriculture, peasant, farmer, farmland, field, pest, animal, herd, cultivate, plant
36
stage
first, second, third, then
finally, next, level, rank, grade, class…
19
standard
Criteria
example, model, size, weight, specification, line, regulation, limit, restrict, criterion…
20
research
Study
investigation, researcher
21
14
health
Disease
fitness, well-being, well, illness, cancer, cold, sanitation
15
concern
Worry
care, matter
16
increase
superior, extend
rise, up, ascend, more, accelerate, speed up, accumulate, peak, summit, grow, climb, upward, raise, high, soar, leap
49
deliver
send
transport, traffic, sea, freight, airmail, EMS, post, import, export, convey
50
biological