Unit5Animalsaroundus单词讲义-高中英语冀教版

Unit 5单词讲义
extinction
词性：名词
中文意思：灭绝，消亡
英文释义：the act or process of dying out; the state of being extinct
词源：来自拉丁语的"extinctio"，意为"熄灭"或"消灭"
例句：The extinction of the dinosaurs is believed to have been caused by a meteor impact.
固定搭配：bring about extinction, risk extinction, species extinction
近义词：demise, disappearance, termination
whale
词性：名词
中文意思：鲸鱼
英文释义：a large marine mammal that has a streamlined body and flippers and breathes air through a blowhole on top of its head
词源：来自古英语的"wægl"，意为"大动物"
例句：We went on a whale watching tour and saw several humpback whales.
固定搭配：killer whale, sperm whale, blue whale
近义词：cetacean, sea monster
power
词性：名词/动词
中文意思：力量，能力；权力，控制；电力，动力
英文释义：1) the ability to do something or act in a particular way 2) control or influence over others 3) the ability to produce an effect or cause change
词源：来自古英语的"pōwer"，意为"能力，力量"
例句：She has the power to make decisions for the pany. (名词) He powered his car with electricity. (动词)
固定搭配：power plant, power grid, power struggle
近义词：strength, authority, force
female
词性：形容词/名词
中文意思：女性的，雌性的；女性，雌兽
英文释义：1) relating to or characteristic of women or girls 2) the sex that produces eggs or gives birth to young animals
词源：来自拉丁语的"femina"，意为"女人"
例句：The female employee was promoted to manager. (形容词) The female lion is the hunter in the pride. (名词)
固定搭配：female role model, female reproductive system, female empowerment
近义词：feminine, womanly, female gender
differ
词性：动词
中文意思：不同，相异；区分，辨别
英文释义：to be unlike in nature, character, or quality; to distinguish or recognize as different
词源：来自拉丁语的"differre"，意为"分开，分散"
例句：Our opinions on this matter differ greatly. They differ in their approach to problemsolving. specific
词性：形容词
中文意思：特定的，明确的，详细的
英文释义：relating to one thing, person or group and not others; exact or precise
词源：来自拉丁语的"specificus"，意为"指定的" 或"明确的"
例句：Can you give me a specific example?
固定搭配：specific details, specific purpose, specific requirements
近义词：particular, exact, precise
matriarch
词性：名词
中文意思：女族长，女性家长
英文释义：a female head of a family or tribe
词源：来自希腊语的"matriarchēs"，意为"女族长"
例句：The matriarch of the family is the oldest living female relative.
固定搭配：matriarchal society, matriarchal lineage, matriarchal culture
近义词：patriarch, leader, head
location
词性：名词
中文意思：位置，地点
英文释义：the place where something is or may be found
词源：来自拉丁语的"locatio"，意为"定位" 或"放置"
例句：The location of the hotel is perfect for sightseeing.
固定搭配：location scouting, event location, business location
近义词：place, spot, site
previous
词性：形容词/副词
中文意思：以前的，早先的，上一个的
英文释义：happening or existing before now; ing before in time or order
词源：来自拉丁语的"praevius"，意为"先前的" 或"前面的"
例句：I have a meeting at 2 pm, so I can't meet you at the previous time.
固定搭配：previous experience, previous owner, previous engagement
近义词：former, earlier, prior
fascinating
词性：形容词
中文意思：迷人的，吸引人的，令人着迷的
英文释义：very interesting and holding your attention pletely
词源：来自拉丁语的"fascinare"，意为"吸引住" 或"使入迷"
例句：The museum has a fascinating collection of ancient artifacts.
固定搭配：fascinating story, fascinating personality, fascinating view
近义词：captivating, enchanting, alluring
tusk：
词性：名词
中文意思：象牙，长牙
英文释义：a long pointed tooth, especially one of the two ivory ones that elephants have in their mouths
词源：来自古英语的tusse，意为“牙齿”
例句：The hunter aimed his gun at the tusk of the elephant.
固定搭配：tusk of an elephant（大象的长牙）
近义词：tusk, tooth
ivory：
词性：名词
中文意思：象牙，乳白色，象牙制品
英文释义：the hard white substance that forms the tusks of elephants and other animals, or a material made from this, used for making ornaments, etc.
词源：来自拉丁语的ebur，意为“象牙”
例句：She wore a necklace made of ivory.
固定搭配：ivory tower（象牙塔，指与现实社会脱离的理想境界）
近义词：tusk, ivorycolored
decoration：
词性：名词
中文意思：装饰，装潢，奖章
英文释义：something that is done to make something more attractive or enjoyable, or a prize given for doing something good
词源：来自拉丁语的decorare，意为“装饰”
例句：The room was decorated with flowers.
固定搭配：Christmas decorations（圣诞装饰）
近义词：ornament, embellishment
dinosaur：
词性：名词
中文意思：恐龙，过时的东西
英文释义：a large extinct reptile with a long tail and scaly skin, or something that is no longer used because it is oldfashioned
词源：来自希腊语deinos（可怕的）和sauros（蜥蜴），意为“可怕的蜥蜴”
例句：The museum has a collection of dinosaur bones.
固定搭配：dinosaur egg（恐龙蛋）
近义词：extinct reptile, outdated thing
dolphin：
词性：名词
中文意思：海豚，江豚
英文释义：a sea mammal with a long snout and flippers, that lives in water and eats fish and small animals
词源：来自希腊语delphis，意为“海豚”
例句：We saw a group of dolphins playing in the ocean.
固定搭配：dolphin show（海豚表演）
近义词：sea mammal
click
词性：动词
中文意思：点击，发出咔哒声
英文释义：to press a button or switch quickly and lightly
词源：来自中古英语的"cliken"，意为“咔哒声”
例句：I clicked on the link to open the website.
固定搭配：click away, click through, click here
近义词：press, tap, touch
bounce
词性：动词
中文意思：弹起，反弹
英文释义：to spring back after hitting something or being dropped
词源：来自古英语的"buncan"，意为“弹起”
例句：The ball bounced off the wall and hit me in the face.
固定搭配：bounce back, bounce off, bounce along
近义词：spring, rebound, recoil
habitat
词性：名词
中文意思：栖息地，生活环境
英文释义：an environment in which an animal or plant naturally lives
词源：来自拉丁语的"habitātiō"，意为“居住”
例句：The panda's natural habitat is the bamboo forest.
固定搭配：natural habitat, human habitat, wildlife habitat
近义词：environment, dwelling place, home
destroy
词性：动词
中文意思：破坏，摧毁
英文释义：to damage so badly that it cannot be repaired or used again
词源：来自古法语的"destrever"，意为“破坏”
例句：The fire destroyed the entire building.
固定搭配：destroy pletely, destroy evidence, destroy hope
近义词：demolish, ruin, wreck
nowhere
词性：副词
中文意思：无处，哪里都不
英文释义：in no place; not anywhere
词源：来自中古英语的"naught hwere"，意为“无地方”
例句：I looked everywhere for my keys, but they were nowhere to be found.固定搭配：get nowhere, nowhere near, nowhere fast
近义词：no place, not anywhere, nowhere at all
negative
词性：形容词
中文意思：否定的，消极的，负的
英文释义：expressing the absence of something or the opposite of something 词源：来自拉丁语negare（否认）
例句：The doctor gave me a negative answer.
固定搭配：negative effect, negative attitude, negative feedback
近义词：denying, disapproving, unfavorable
aware
词性：形容词
中文意思：意识到的，知道的
英文释义：having knowledge or perception of a fact or situation
词源：来自古英语gewærian（知道）
例句：I am aware of the risks involved.
固定搭配：be aware of, be aware that, bee aware
近义词：conscious, cognizant, informed
option
词性：名词
中文意思：选择，选项
英文释义：a thing that may be chosen or done
词源：来自拉丁语optio（选择）
例句：You have the option to choose between two plans.
固定搭配：have no option but to, exercise one's option, optional course
近义词：choice, selection, alternative
mate
词性：名词/动词
中文意思：伙伴，配偶，匹配
英文释义：a person with whom one has a romantic relationship or marriage; to match or couple together
词源：来自古英语mǣtan（匹配）
例句：He is my mate on this project. / They are mates since childhood.
固定搭配：make a mate, mate for life, mate choice
近义词：partner, spouse, panion
cattle
词性：名词
中文意思：牛，牲畜
英文释义：domesticated bovine animals kept by farmers for their milk, meat, and hides
词源：来自拉丁语vitulus（小牛）
例句：The cattle were grazing in the field.
固定搭配：cattle farm, cattle market, beef cattle
近义词：cows, livestock, bovines
distance
词性：名词
中文意思：距离，间距
英文释义：the amount of space between two things or people
词源：来自拉丁语“distans”，意为“远的”
例句：The distance between the two cities is about 200 miles.
固定搭配：keep a distance, short distance, long distance, within distance 近义词：space, interval, range, span
narrow
词性：形容词
中文意思：狭窄的，狭隘的
英文释义：not wide; small in size or extent
词源：来自古英语“nærwe”，意为“窄的”
例句：The road became narrower as we drove further into the mountains.固定搭配：narrow escape, narrow minded, narrow victory, narrow down 近义词：slim, thin, tight, limited
ape
词性：名词
中文意思：猿，类人猿
英文释义：a large monkey with no tail and hair all over its body
词源：来自拉丁语“simia”，意为“猴子”
例句：The ape climbed up the tree to get some fruit.
固定搭配：ape behavior, go ape, ape out, ape man
近义词：monkey, primate, hominid, humanoid
innate
词性：形容词
中文意思：天生的，固有的
英文释义：existing in someone from birth; natural
词源：来自拉丁语“innatus”，意为“天生的”
例句：Some skills are innate and cannot be learned.
固定搭配：innate ability, innate talent, innate characteristics, innate curiosity
近义词：natural, inherent, intrinsic, native
giant
词性：名词/形容词
中文意思：巨大的，巨人般的
英文释义：very large; a mythical creature with great strength
词源：来自希腊语“gigans”，意为“巨大的”
例句：The giant redwood trees tower above us. (名词) The pany is a giant in the technology industry. (形容词)
length：
词性：名词
中文意思：长度，长
英文释义：The measurement of how long something is.
词源：来自古英语leng（长）和th（定冠词）。

例句：The length of the rope is 10 meters.
固定搭配：at length（最后，终于），length of time（时间的长度），length of stay（停留的时间）
近义词：distance, extent, duration
skin：
词性：名词
中文意思：皮肤，外皮
英文释义：The outer covering of an animal or a person's body.
词源：来自古英语scyn（覆盖物）。

例句：She has beautiful skin.
固定搭配：skin care（皮肤护理），skin rash（皮疹），skin disease（皮肤病）
近义词：epidermis, dermis, hide
sharp：
词性：形容词
中文意思：锐利的，尖锐的，敏锐的
英文释义：Having a pointed or cutting edge; keenwitted.
词源：来自古英语sceorp（锋利的）。

例句：He has a sharp mind.
固定搭配：sharp knife（锋利的刀），sharp eyesight（敏锐的视力），sharp contrast（鲜明的对比）
近义词：keen, acute, pointed
deer：
词性：名词
中文意思：鹿，麋鹿
英文释义：A fourlegged mammal with branching horns and hoofed feet, found in forests and open country.
词源：来自古英语dēor。

例句：I saw a deer in the forest.
固定搭配：deer hunting（猎鹿），deer park（鹿园），deer antler（鹿角）
近义词：roebuck, stag, muntjac
remove：
词性：动词
中文意思：移动，移除，消除
英文释义：To take away from a place or position.
词源：来自拉丁语removere（移开）。

例句：Please remove your shoes before entering the house.
固定搭配：remove stains（去除污渍），remove obstacles（排除障碍），remove doubts（消除疑虑）
近义词：shift, transfer, eliminate
conservation
词性：名词
中文意思：保护，保存
英文释义：the protection and care of the natural environment, animals, plants, buildings, etc.
词源：来自拉丁语的"conservare"，意为“保持，保存”。

例句：We need to do more to promote energy conservation.
固定搭配：conservation of energy/water/wildlife
近义词：preservation, protection, maintenance
koala
词性：名词
中文意思：考拉，树袋熊
英文释义：a small bearlike animal with soft fur, found in Australia, that feeds on eucalyptus leaves.
词源：来自澳大利亚原住民的语言。

例句：The koala is a symbol of Australia.
固定搭配：koala bear, koala tree
近义词：bear, marsupial
continent
词性：名词
中文意思：大陆，陆地
英文释义：a very large continuous area of land, typically surrounded by water.
词源：来自拉丁语的"continens"，意为“连续的”。

例句：There are seven continents on Earth.
固定搭配：continental shelf, continental climate, continental drift
近义词：landmass, territory
kangaroo
词性：名词
中文意思：袋鼠
英文释义：a large, strong marsupial animal with a pouch in which it carries its young
词源：来自澳大利亚土著语言，最初由荷兰探险家发现并记录下来。

例句：The kangaroo hopped across the field.
固定搭配：kangaroo court（非正式的、不公正的法庭）
近义词：marsupial, wallaby
colony
词性：名词
中文意思：殖民地；群体；集群
英文释义：a group of people or animals living together in one place; a country ruled by another country
词源：来自拉丁语“colonia”，意为“定居点”或“聚居地”。

例句：The colony of ants worked together to build their nest.
固定搭配：colony collapse disorder（蜜蜂种群大量死亡的现象）
近义词：settlement, munity, group
disappear
词性：动词
中文意思：消失；不见
英文释义：to cease to be visible or exist; to go out of sight or existence
词源：来自拉丁语“dis”（表示否定）和“apparere”（表示出现）。

例句：The sun disappeared behind the clouds.
固定搭配：disappear without a trace（消失得无影无踪）
近义词：vanish, fade away, go missing。