安徽急用任务型阅读专题训练

任务型阅读专题训练
1 任务型阅读（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）（2008江苏卷）
请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。

注意：每个空格只填1个单词。

请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。

Teamwork is just as important in science as it is on the playing field or in the gym. Scientific investigations(调查) are almost always carried out by teams of people working together. Ideas are shared, experiments are designed, data are analyzed, and results are evaluated and shared with other investigators. Group work is necessary, and is usually more productive than working alone.
Several times throughout the year you may be asked to work with one or more of your classmates. Whatever the task your group is assigned, a few rules need to be followed to ensure a productive and successful experience.
What comes first is to keep an open mind, because everyone’s ideas deserve consideration and each group member can make his or her own contribution. Secondly, it makes a job easier to divide the group task among all group members. Choose a role on the team that is best suited to your particular strengths. Thirdly, always work together, take turns, and encourage each other by listening, clarifying, and trusting one another. Mutual support and trust often make a great difference.
Activities like investigations are most effective when done by small groups. Here are some more suggestions for effective team performance during these activities: Make sure each group member understands and agrees to the task given to him or her, and everyone knows exactly when, why and what to do take turns doing various tasks during similar and repeated activities; be aware of where other group members are and what they are doing so as to ensure safety; be responsible for your own learning, though it is by no means unwise to compare your observations with those of other group members.
When there is research to be done, divide the topic into several areas, and this can explore the issue in a very detailed way. You are encouraged to keep records of the sources used by each person, which helps you trace back to the origin of the problems that may happen unexpectedly.
A format for exchanging information (e.g., photocopies of notes, oral discussion, etc.) is also important, for a well-chosen method not only strengthens what you present but also makes yourself easily understood. When the time comes to make a decision and take a position on an issue, allow for the contributions of each member of the group. Most important of all, it is always wise to make decisions by compromise and agreement.
After you’ve completed a task with your team, make an evaluation of the team’s effectiveness —the strengths and weaknesses, opportunities and challenges.
Effective performance needs highly cooperated (71) .
·Keep an open mind to everyone’s (72) ▲ .
·Divide the group task among group members.
·(73) ▲ and trust each other.
(74) ·Understand and agree to the (75) task of one’s own.
·Take (76) for one’s own learning.
·Compare your own observations with those of others.
·Break the (77) into several areas.
·Keep records of the sources just in (78) .
·(79) your information with others via proper format.
(80)
2. 阅读短文，根据所读内容在文章后图标中的表格里填入最恰当的单词（每空1词）。

In many parts of the world, there are four seasons: spring, summer, fall and winter. In the U.S., there are only three: football, basketball and baseball. That's not completely true, but almost. In every season, Americans have a ball. If you want to know what season it is, just look at what people are playing. For many Americans, sports do not just occupy the sidelines. They take center court.
Besides "the big three" sports, Americans play a variety of other sports. In warm weather, people enjoy water sports. Lovers of surfing, sailing and scuba diving flock to the ocean. Swimmers and water skiers also revel in the wet stuff. Fishermen try their luck in ponds, lakes and rivers. In winter sportsmen delight in freezing fun. From the first snowfall, skiers hit the slopes. Frozen ponds and ice rinks become playgrounds for skating and hockey. People play indoor sports whatever the weather. Racquetball, weightlifting and bowling are year-round activities.
For many people in the U.S., sports are not just for fun. They're almost a religion. Thousands of sports fans buy expensive tickets to watch their favorite teams and athletes play in person. Other fans watch the games at home, glued to their TV sets. The most devoted sports buffs never miss a game. Many a wife
becomes a "sports widow" during her husband's favorite season. America's devotion to athletics has created a new class of wealthy people: professional athletes. Sports stars often receive million-dollar salaries. Some even make big money appearing in advertisements for soft drinks, shoes and even toiletries.
3 阅读短文，根据所读内容在文章后图标中的表格里填入最恰当的单词（每空1词）。

Never go into a supermarket hungry! This is a good piece of advice. If you go shopping for food before lunchtime, you’ll probably buy more than you plan to. Unfortunately, however, just this advice isn’t enough for consumers these days. Modern shoppers need an education in how and how not to buy things at the store. First, you check the weekly newspaper ads. Find out the items that are on sale and decide if you really need these things. In other words, don’t buy
anything just because it’s cheaper than usual! “New and Improved!” or “All Natural” on the front of a package influence you. Instead, read the list of ingredients (contents) on the back. Third, compare prices: that is, you should examine the prices of both different brands and different sizes of the same brand.
Another suggestion for consumers is to buy ordinary items instead of famous brands. Ordinary items in supermarkets come in plain packages. These products are cheaper because producers don’t spend much money on packing or advertising. The quality, however, is usually as good as the quality of well-known name brands. In the same way, in buying clothes, you can often find high quality and low prices in brands that are not famous. Shopping in discount clothing stores can help you save a lot of money. Although these stores aren’t very attractive, and they usually do not have individual dressing rooms, not only are the prices low, but you can often find the same famous brands that you find in high-priced department stores.
Wise consumers read magazine ads and watch TV commercials, but they do this with one advantage: knowledge of the psychology behind the ads. In other words, well-informed consumers watch for information and check for misinformation. They ask themselves questions: Is the advertiser hiding something in small print at the bottom of the page? Is there any real information in the commercial, or is the advertiser simply showing an attractive image? With the answers to these questions, consumers can make a wise choice.
4 阅读短文，根据所读内容在文章后图标中的表格里填入最恰当的单词（每空1词）。

Trees should only be pruned when there is a good and clear reason for doing so and , the number of such reasons is small . Pruning involves the cutting away of overgrown and unwanted branches, and the inexperienced gardener can be encouraged by the thought that more damage results from doing it unnecessarily than from leaving the tree to grow in its own way.
First, pruning may be done to make sure that trees have desired shape or size. The object may be to get a tree of the right height, and at the same time to help the growth of small side
branches, which will thicken its appearance or give it a special shape. Secondly, pruning may be done to make the tree healthier. You may cut out diseased or dead wood, or branches that are rubbing against each other and thus cause wounds. The health of a tree may be encouraged by removing branches that are blocking up the center and so preventing the free movement of air.
One result of pruning is that an open wound is left on the tree and this provides an easy entry for disease, but it is a wound that will heal. Often there is a race between the healing and the disease as to whether the tree will live or die, so that there is a period when the tree is at risk. It should be the aim of every gardener to reduce that risk of death as far as possible. It is important to make the area, which has been pruned, smooth and clean, for healing will be slowed down by roughness. You should allow the cut surface to dry for a few hours and then paint it with one of the materials available from garden shops produced especially for this purpose. Pruning is usually done in winter, for then you can see the shape of the tree clearly without interference from the leaves and also it is very unlikely that the cuts you make will bleed. If this does happen, it is, of course, impossible to paint them properly.
5阅读短文，根据所读内容在文章后图标中的表格里填入最恰当的单词（每空1词）。

Aids (acquired immune deficiency syndrome) is caused by a virus called HIV (human immunodeficiency virus), which enters a person’s blood and attacks the body’s immune system. There is no cure for HIV or Aids. Sometimes, infected people have no outward symptoms, so they do not know that they are carriers.
One of the first symptoms that most HIV-positive people have is a weakened immune system. As the immune system weakens, it loses the ability to fight illness. Eventually, the immune system becomes so weak that the infected people can become sick very easily, and even common illnesses like the flu can be quite serious.
HIV and Aids are spreading at a frightening rate. The virus is spread in three ways---through unprotected sex, blood to blood contact and mother-to-child transmission.
Nowadays Aids is a problem all over the world. China has also been affected by the Aids epidemic. So the government is working hard to control the Aids epidemic, and has opened labs to test and monitor the disease. In 2003, the government also started distributing free medicine to Aids patients in need.
Apart from government efforts, international help has also been very important in fighting Aids in China. Dr David Ho, a Chinese American leading Aids expert, has devoted his body and soul to bringing technology and international attention to China’s Aids problem. In addition, since 2001, organizations such as the United Nations and the WHO have done a lot to fight against Aids in China.
UNAIDS, an organization within the United Nations, has been very involved in fighting Aids and HIV around the world for many years now. The work to control Aids includes providing infected people with help from doctors and testing for people who think they might have HIV or Aids. The organization also supports Aids prevention education and sets up treatment centers.
The work of international organizations is even more important when you consider how much more severe the situation around the world could become. Anyway, educating people at risk, as well as treating infected people, is the key to stopping the disease in the future.
6阅读短文，根据所读内容在文章后图标中的表格里填入最恰当的单词（每空1词）。

A new life on the university campus
I am a freshman of the English Department at Pujiang University. Life at the university is so exciting and challenging.
There are two campuses for our university: one is for freshmen and sophomores and the other is for juniors, seniors and graduate students. My campus is located on the outskirts of the city, which is a new one, very peaceful and free from the hustle and bustle of a metropolis. It is free from all sorts of distractions and diversions that most city dwellers find it hard to escape or ignore.
We have a three-day orientation program about campus life for entering students, including a campus tour in which we can visit libraries, classroom buildings, language labs, the
multimedia resource center, computer support services, the student club, and the sports stadium. We freshmen have access to all these resources and technical facilities on a regular basis. They are open to all students. As a matter of fact, we’re encouraged to make the most of the libraries and technical support services on the campus.
We all live on campus, as the school rules say that no freshmen should live off campus during the weekdays, unless the university authorities give permission. We prefer to eat in school cafeterias because there is a variety of foods on the menu, which changes every day. Besides, the food service is much better than that of most secondary schools. For one thing, our campus cafeterias are under the management of a professional food service company with an
annually-renewable contract.
Being an English major, we have to speak English with our fellow students and English teachers most of the time. We are expected to speak English with all our English teachers whatever courses they teach. We’re also encouraged to speak English in the dorm area as much as possible. We are not quite used to this “ English only” environment, though. Anyway, we’re all trying very hard. It always takes us time to adjust to a new environment. We are given English lectures and talks which cover a variety of topics. We are encouraged to attend the free discussion session following each lecture or presentation. Most of the lectures are given by native-speakers, so at the beginning I have much difficulty in figuring out much of what they say. But I know they are very good for students majoring in English.
I like my life in the university and I experience a lot. I will try my best to make my life colorful.
7阅读短文，根据所读内容在文章后图标中的表格里填入最恰当的单词（每空1词）。

Asian American have become the fast-growing U.S minority in two decades. As their children began movi ng up through the nation’s schools, they became a main stream of a new class of academic achievers. Their achievements are reflected in the nation’s best universities, where mathematics, science, and engineering departments have taken on a decidedly Asian character. Their preference for mathematics and science is partly explained by the fact that Asian-American students who began their education abroad arrived in the U.S. with a solid foundation in mathematics but little or no knowledge of English. They are also influenced by the promise of a good job after college. Asians feel there will be less unfair treatment in areas like mathematics and science because they will be judged more objectively. And the return on the
investment in education is more immediate in something like engineering then with an arts degree.
Most Asian-American students owe their success to the influence of their parents who are determined to make full use of what the American educational system has to offer. An effective measure of parental attention is homework. Asian parents spend more time with their children than American parents do, and it helps. Many researchers also believe there is something in Asian culture that results in success, such as ideals that stress family values and emphasize education.
Both explanations for academic success worry Asian American because of fears that they feed a typical racial image. Many can remember when Chinese, Japanese and Filipino immigrants were the victims of social isolation. Indeed, it was not until 1952 that laws were passed giving all Asian immigrants the right to citizenship.
8阅读短文，根据所读内容在文章后图标中的表格里填入最恰当的单词（每空1词）。

A gift for the future
In the next several decades, it is believed that the world’s population will increase to about nine billion people. This should set alarm bells ringing because the bare fact is that, in order for everyone to survive, serious changes need to be made in global development. This development needs to be different from past development, which polluted the environment and wasted natural resources.
One possible solution to this problem now being discussed is sustainable development. Sustainable development is long-term planning which focus on the environment and preserving natural resources. It is all about creating better health care, education, housing and improved standards of living for everyone. This is a simple idea, but one which is hard to put into practice. However, it is something that we must do because without sustainable development, our future and the lives of our children and our grandchildren will be in danger.
Nearly everything we do in our modern lives requires the use of Earth’s natural resources. These natural resources provide the energy to do many important things: to have a shower, to
boil water, to power electrical equipment and to turn oil into petrol. The list is almost endless. To do all these things we mostly depend on fossil fuels such as coal, gas and oil to produce energy. Fossil fuels are found underground and are non-renewable sources of energy, which means that they can not be renewed in a short period of time. We are currently consuming fossil fuels at a much higher rate than they are being produced. If this continues, some people believe that oilfields and coal seams will run out in the foreseeable future.
On top of this, burning fossil fuels produces carbon dioxide, which is like poison to the environment. Carbon dioxide contributes to air, water and soil pollution and causes global warming and acid rain. This is why many people are pushing for the use of alternative energy sources.
Fill in each blank with a suitable word:
A gift for the future→ _______1______ development
The importance of ______2_______ development →_____3________
→_______4______
______5_______ of energy →______6_______ fuels →______7_______of them
→Features _____8_______
______9______ to the environment
→_____10_______ energy
9 第五部分任务型阅读（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读的内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。

注意：每个空格填写一个单词。

请将答案写在答题纸上相应的题号的横线上。

When Joe Bates was twelve years old, he lost interest in school He stopped listening in his classes. Some of his teachers began to consider him a problem.
But a few of Joe's teachers thought that Joe might have lost interest in schoolwork because he already understood it. They proposed that Joe try taking a university class in computer science. Joe did. He was the best student in the class. Later tests showed that his intelligence and knowledge were far greater than most children of his age. He entered the university when he was thirteen, about four years earlier than most children. And by the time he was in his early twenties, Joe was teaching computer science at a university.
Joe's story shows what can happen when a child's unusual ability is recognized. Sadly, however, not all gifted children get this recognition. And educational experts say unusually gifted children may waste their abilities if they do not get help to develop them.
Studies show that almost twenty percent of students who fail to complete high school in the United States are gifted children.
This is because gifted children can have special problems as well as special abilities. Teachers may not recognize their abilities, or may not know how to keep them interested. Or they may consider such students to be trouble-makers or rebels.
Gifted children may feel lonely or different because they do not know other children who share their interests.
Educators say there are more than two million gifted children in the United States today. But they say fewer than half are taking part in special education programs designed for them.
One of the most successful programs is held every summer at John Hopkins University in the state of Maryland, where Joe Bates went to school. It started in 1980 when educators saw that there must be many children like Joe.
At first, only 100 children took part, now more than 1000 children between the ages of nine and sixteen are students in the summer program.
The John Hopkins program provides studies in math and science. It also has classes for children with unusual ability in language and writing. The children study the same subject every
day for several weeks. It could be biology, or history, or English literature. In those few weeks, they learn as much as in a normal nine-month school year.
William Durden, the director says the program succeeds because it permits children to make progress more quickly than in a traditional program. And the children get to meet others like themselves.
10第四部分任务型阅读(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
清认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。

注意：每个空格只填一个单词。

请将答案写在答题卡上相应的横线上。

Scientists have developed a water treatment system that they say is a powerful but simple way to save lives．Four grams of chemicals can treat ten liters of dirty water for a low cost, about ten cents．
Experts say infections from dirty water kill several thousand children in developing countries every day．
The Procter and Gamble company has been developing the “PUR Purifier of Water”system since nineteen ninety-five．The company has been working with the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention．C.D.C．researchers tested it in Pakistan and Kenya．Procter and Gamble researcher Greg Allgood says cases of diarrhea(腹泻)in those studies fell by about fifty percent．
Researchers from Johns Hopkins University in Maryland tested the system at a refugee camp in Liberia．Mister Allgood says that study found a reduction of more than ninety percent．Use of the system is being expanded worldwide．Findings were described last week at an American Chemical Society meeting．
Mister Allgood heads the Children's Safe Drinking Water program at Procter and Gamble．He says about forty million packets of the treatment have been given to countries for free．They have been used in emergencies and in areas with limited supplies of clean water．Clean water is a limited resource in many parts of the world．Delegates from about one hundred and thirty nations attended the Fourth World Water Forum in Mexico City．Scientists,
policy experts and others discussed ways to provide clean water to the world's poor．Organizers say more than twenty percent of the world population lack clean drinking water．
The final declaration did not go so far as to declare water a human right．But it did say that governments，not private companies，must take the lead in improving the public's ability? to have clean Water．
11 认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入最恰当的单词。

注意：每空格1个单词，不得用文章中的单词。

Scientists develop non-stick chewing gum
Scientists have developed a non-stick chewing gum that can be easily removed from pavements, shoes and clothes.
The new gum, the result of polymer research at the University of Bristol, could be launched commercially in 2008, its developers said on Friday.
If it catches on, the product will solve a major headache for local authorities around the world.
"The advantage of our Clean Gum is that it has a great taste, it is easy to remove and has the potential to be environmentally degradable(可降解性)," said Terence Cosgrove, a professor of chemistry who helped found a company called Revolymer to commercialize the technology.
Today's chewing gums are made from synthetic latex, which is resistant to the weather and is strongly adhesive. The new gum adds a special polymer to modify its properties, making it far less sticky.
In two street trials, leading commercial gums remained stuck to the pavement three out or four times, while Clean Gum came away naturally in all cases, Revolymer said.
Title: Scientists develop non-stick chewing gum
12 第四部分 任务型阅读
共
10小题；每小题1分，满分10分请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入最恰当的单词。

注意：每个空格只填1个单词。

When you do business online, remember one of the most important factors in online success is list building. No matter what goals you’re seeking with your online activities, building a good contact list is vital for a successful outcome. List building plays a major role in developing good relationships with your site’s customers, and visitors. It can be used to get more sales for your site or business. For these reasons contact building should be high on your list when you’re marketing or promoting on the web. Fortunately, list building is an easy process that any site or webmaster can quickly set up as long as you understand two simple elements. To be really successful, your list building must combine these two key elements. Without these you will probably find building your contact list difficult and slow going. So it is worth your while to fully understand these two factors in your list building.
Value －It should offer important information, quality content, special deals / discounts, and more importantly, it should offer a valuable relationship or connection to an expert in the subject area of the list.
Subscribers (订户) must benefit from joining your list. If you’re bui lding a list, just write down all the benefits someone would receive from joining your site or list, including receiving important information, getting special valuable content, receiving special deals / discounts, getting training videos and getting timel y announcements or news. Don’t forget there may also be a psychological reason for joining your list －many people like being part of a group or membership site. It’s human nature. Everybody likes to feel included.
Free whatever you offer －make sure it is Free. The quickest way to build any list is to give away free valuable content, information, videos, reports, e-books, discounts, prizes... everybody loves a free gift. Just make them an offer they can’t refuse. This has more to do with the nature of your gift and the kind of contacts you’re building －giving away free buying guides on how to purchase real estate, fast cars, LCD TVs, laptops... will definitely attract the right “buying customer”. If you’re into selling, you just have to adjust your marketing to combine the free element correctly. In addition, giving away something free is the first step in starting an ongoing relationship with your subscribers. It gets the ball rolling.
13 任务型阅读（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。

注意：每个空格只填1个单词。

请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。

Blood Drive at Civic Center
The local university blood center had a blood drive today at the Civic Center auditorium. Almost 300 people showed up, but about 50 were turned away for various medical reasons. Fifty others left because the lines were moving so slowly. The event concluded at 6 pm, three hours after the scheduled close. It was a long day for everyone-administrators, nurses, and donors. But there were plenty of chairs and tables, and many people brought their own books, magazines, or newspapers.
The first thing the donors had to do, of course , was fill out the donor registration and screening form. When they finished filling out the form, they waited until a nurse called them to her desk. The average adult body contains 8 to 12 pints of blood. Donors can give one pint at a time. It takes your body 2 to 4 weeks to replace this amount. Most donors filled up the pint bag within 5 to 10 minutes.
Before leaving, the donors received a sheet of instructions including: Do not lift any heavy objects for 12 hours. Leave your pressure bandage on for 2~3 hours. Do not smoke for at least 30 minutes. Avoid alcohol for the rest of the day. Do not do any laborious activity for 24 hours.
“I wish I could hug and kiss all the volunteers that are here today,” said Martha, the blood center donor recruiter. “Many donors underestimate the importance of what they’re doing. They
think it is no big deal, but it is a big deal. Their blood is actually saving lives, helping other people to live, which will lead to a more harmonious society. We cannot thank them enough for that, nor can the recipients.”
Title: Blood drive at Civic Centre
14
Watch out! QRIQ, Sony’s robot, is a few steps ahead of you．It can dance and kick a football, and it is the world’s first “running” robot．
Until now robots could not run because they needed one foot on the floor at all times to remain stable．That all changed when Sony’s technology allowed QRIO to run．QRIO might be the world’s first running robot, but it won’t win in a race．The robot’s run is more like a jog．At 23 inches tall and weighing 15 pounds, QRIO can travel 46 feet per minute, which is about 0．5 mph．If QRIO were average human size, it would run a mile in 40。