1英语句子成分分析及五种基本句型分析

基本句型一 主谓 （S + Vi） ） S + Vi
She cooks at home. He is working hard. What he said does not matter. The pen writes smoothly. 该句型的vi后不可以带宾语 后不可以带宾语， 该句型的 后不可以带宾语，但是 可以带状语。 可以带状语。
1. 小桃一回到家就睡觉了。 小桃一回到家就睡觉了。
Xiao Tao went to bed as soon as she came home.
2. 我吃完饭就去。 我吃完饭就去。
I’ll go when I have had my dinner.
英语五种基本句型： 英语五种基本句型： 基本句型一： 基本句型一： Ｓ Ｖi （主＋谓） 基本句型二： Ｐ（主 基本句型二： Ｓ Ｖ Ｐ（主＋系＋表） 基本句型三： 基本句型三： Ｓ Ｖt Ｏ （主＋谓＋宾） 基本句型四： 基本句型四： Ｓ Ｖt ｏ Ｏ 间宾＋直宾） （主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾） 基本句型五： 基本句型五： Ｓ Ｖt Ｏ Ｃ 宾补） （主＋谓＋宾＋宾补）
基本句型三 主谓宾 S We They He She Vt study are playing enjoys said O English every day. football. reading. “Good morning.”
基本句型四: 基本句型四 主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾
S Vt（及物）O（多指人）O（多指物） （及物） （多指人） （多指物）
1. The shortest distance between _______ two points straight _________ is a _______ line. 2. We didn’t meet anybody new at ___ the meeting. 3. He is a man suitable for the job. ________________ 单个词作定语一般位于所修饰词前面， 单个词作定语一般位于所修饰词前面， 单个词作定语一般位于所修饰词前面 短语或从句作定语位于被修饰词后面。 短语或从句作定语位于被修饰词后面。 短语或从句作定语位于被修饰词后面 形容词修饰不定代词要后置。 形容词修饰不定代词要后置。 形容词修饰不定代词要后置
宾语补足语：和宾语构成复合宾语。宾语 宾语补足语：和宾语构成复合宾语。 和宾补之间存在内在逻辑上的主谓关系。 和宾补之间存在内在逻辑上的主谓关系。 __________________ 1. They elected John monitor. _______ _______ 2. We call him Iron Ox. 3. The doctor told me to do more _________ exercise. ________ 4. They made her happy. _____ 5. He is going to have his hair ___ cut. 6. They saw a bird ______________ flying in the sky.
宾语(object)，位于vt后或介词后。 ，位于 后或介词后 后或介词后。 宾语 1. She is doing her homework now. ____________ 2. We love watching football games.
英语中哪些成分可以充当宾语? 英语中哪些成分可以充当宾语 ___ 1. We often help him. 代词 2. He likes to play basketball. 不定式 _______________ 3. We enjoy listening to the music. __________________动名词 4. She said that he felt sick. 宾语从句 _____________ 5. They are talking about the new _______ student. _______ 介词宾语
基本句型二 主系表
S He His face
V is turned
P happy. nice. red.
Everything looks
基本句型三 主谓宾
S+Vt+O We study English every day. They are playing football. He enjoys reading. She said “Good morning.”
连系动词,其后面的成分叫作表语。 连系动词 其后面的成分叫作表语。 其后面的成分叫作表语 1. I am a teacher. ________ 2. They are on the playground. ________________ 3. My job is _______________ teaching English. 4. It gets ____ cold. 5. It sounds interesting. _________ 常见的系动词有be 动词,还有 还有get ,become, 常见的系动词有 动词 还有 turn, grow 等表 “变得”的词 和感观动词 变得”的词, sound, look, smell等。 等
I give him a book. My mother bought me a pen yesterday. I showed him my picture.
基本句型四: 主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾 基本句型四
S Vt（及物） O (人) O (物) 及物） 物 人
I
give
him me him
a book. a pen yesterday. my picture.
6. I would like a bottle of water. 7. He often waters the flowers. 8. The beautiful girl will go to Nanjing on a fast train. 9. His brother swims fast. 10. Let me have a swim. 11. Strange things happened in the countryside of Yangxi.
基本句型一 主谓 S She He What he said The pen Vi cooks at home. is working hard. does not matter. writes smoothly.
基本句型二
主系表
S+V+P He is happy. Everything looks nice. His face turned red.
谓语(Predicate)，只有动词才可作谓语。 ，只有动词才可作谓语。 谓语
1. We love China. ____ 2. We _____________ reading have finished this book. 3. He can speak English. __________ 4. She seems tired. ______
句 子 成 分 分 析
主语(Subject) 主语
名词 1. Mr. Chen is a well-known scientist. _______ 2. He works very hard at school.代词 __ 3. To go to a good university is his ______________________ first goal. 不定式 4. Doing morning exercise is good for ____________________ your health. 动名词
My bought mother I showed
基本句型五： 主＋谓＋宾＋宾补 基本句型五：
S+Vt（及物）+O (宾语 及物） 宾语)+C（宾补） 宾语 （宾补） We must keep the door open. The news makes me happy. We call him Jim. He told me to wash the plates. I saw a thief going into your room.
told saw
说出下列句子的语法成分。 说出下列句子的语法成分。
1. Please close the window before you leave your home. 2. Wang Lin is one of my close friends. 3. We must keep the window open. 4. I forgot to mend my watch. 5. They are watching TV now.
定语是用来说明名词或代词性质特点的词。 定语是用来说明名词或代词性质特点的词。 是用来说明名词或代词性质特点的词 1. The _____ bike is mine. 形容词 black 2. She is a chemistry teacher. 名词 ________ 3. The man ______ is my brother. 介短 in blue 4. The girl _______________ is my playing the piano younger sister. 现在分词短语 5. The lady who is wearing red ________________ dress _____ is our new teacher. 定语从句
基本句型五：主＋谓＋宾＋宾补 基本句型五： S We
Vt（及物） O (宾语 （及物） 宾语) 宾语
C（宾补） （宾补）
The news We call He I