2019-2020学年株洲市第四中学高三英语上学期期中考试试卷及参考答案

2019-2020学年株洲市第四中学高三英语上学期期中考试试卷及参考
答案
第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
When it comes to the greatest inventions of the world, China’s name is sure to be mentioned several times. There are hundreds of things which were invented by the Chinese.
Alcohol
Shocked? I was because when they said alcohol I thought about either the US or the UK. China had never crossed my mind. In China, alcohol was made by two legendary persons named Yi Di and Du Kang who belonged to the Xia Dynasty. This period was about 2000 BC - 1600 BC. Research says that in ancient China, beer with 4% alcoholic content was widely consumed by people.
Tea
China is the proud inventor of tea which was first drunk by Shen Nong, a Chinese emperor around 2737 BC. Tea production was rapidly developed, making tea a popular drink during the Tang and Song Dynasties.
The Mechanical Clock
Have you ever wondered what on earth we would be doing without any idea of time? A clock really is an invention without which things were incomplete. The credit of making the first mechanical clock goes to ancient China. The first mechanical clock was invented by Yi Xing in the Tang Dynasty. This was during 618 and 907.
Silk Fabric
Silk, the favorite fabric of many girls out there, is also a Chinese invention. Although we all know that silk is made by silkworms, it was Chinese people who first invented a way to harvest the silk and then use it to make clothes. The oldest silk which has been found so far is in Henan Province and dates back to 3630 BC.
1.We can learn from Paragraph 2 that ________.
A.people in the US like alcohol
B.beer was popular in the Xia Dynasty
C.Yi Di and Du Kang invented alcohol by accident
D.the author didn’t know alcohol is a Chinese invention
2.The author asks the question in Paragraph 4 to show ________.
A.ancient Chinese inventors were wiser
B.many things in our lives are incomplete
C.ancient Chinese people never wasted time
D.the invention of the mechanical clock is important
3.Which of the following invention has a longer history?
A.Tea.
B.Alcohol.
C.Silk fabric.
D.The mechanical clock.
B
Scientists at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (麻省理工学院) have turned spider webs into music——creating an strange soundtrack that could help them better understand how the spiders output their complex creations and even how they communicate.
The MIT team worked with Berlin-based artist Tomas Saraceno to take 2D (two-dimensional) laser (激光) scans of a spider web, which were linked together and made into a mathematical model that could recreate the web in 3Din VR (virtual reality). They also worked with MIT’s music department to create the virtual instrument.
“Even though the web looks really random (随机)，there actually are a lot of inside structures and you can visualize (可视化) them and you can look at them, but it’s really hard to grasp for the human imagination or human brain to understand all these structural details,” said MIT engineering professor Markus Buehler, who presented the work on Monday at a virtual meeting of the American Chemical Society.
Listening to the music while moving through the VR spider web lets you see and hear these structural changes and gives a better idea of how spiders see the world, he told CNN. “Spiders use vibrations (振动) as a way to locate themselves, to communicate with other spiders and so the idea of thinking really like a spider would experience the world was something that was very important to us as spider material scientists,” Buehler said.
Spiders are able to build their webs without shelves or supports, so having a better idea of how they work could lead to the development of advanced new 3D printing techniques. “The reason why I did that is I wanted to be able to get information really from the spider world, which is very weird and mysterious,” Buehler explained. In addition to the scientific value, Buehler said the webs are musically interesting and that you can hear the sounds the spider creates during construction. “It’s unusual and eerie and scary, but finally beautiful.” he described.
4. What have MIT scientists done according to the passage?
A. They have translated spider webs into sounds.
B. They have made a mathematical model to produce webs.
C. They have created a soundtrack to catch spiders.
D. They have known how spiders communicate.
5. What can we know about spider webs from paragraph 3?
A. Their structures are beautiful and clear.
B. Professor Markus Buehler knows them well.
C. The American Chemical Society presents the result.
D. They are complex for people to figure it out.
6. In which field will the study be helpful?
A. virtual reality
B. printing
C. painting
D. film-making
7. What is the main idea of the passage?
A. It tells us that the music created by spiders is scary.
B. It shows how the researchers carry out the experiment.
C. It presents a new and creative way to study spiders.
D. It explains why scientists did the experiment.
C
Scientists say baby sharks are at risk of being born smaller and without the energy they need to survive because of warming oceans from climate change.
Scientists studied epaulette sharks, which live off Australia and New Guinea. They found that warmer conditions sped up the sharks’ growing process. That meant the sharks were born earlier and very tired. The findings could be used in the study of other sharks, including those that give birth to live young.
The scientists studied 27 sharks. Some were raised in average summer water temperatures, about 27 degrees Celsius. Others were raised in higher temperatures around 29 degrees Celsius and 31 degrees Celsius. They found that the sharks raised in the warmest temperatures weighed much less than those raised in average temperatures. They also showed reduced energy levels.
Epaulette sharks can grow to a length of about one meter. Their name comes from large spots on their bodies that look like decorations on some military clothing.
One study this year found that worldwide numbers of oceanie sharks and rays dropped more than 70 percent between 1970 and 2018. Overfishing is a main concern, while climate change and pollution also threaten shark.
Carolyn Wheeler is a doctoral student at the University of Massachusetts Boston and with the ARC Centre of
Excellence for Coral Reef Studies at James Cook University in Australia. She was the lead author of the epaulette shark study. She said that while all the sharks survived, those raised in warmer temperatures were not strong enough to survive for long in the wild.
She added that if the sharks are born smaller than usual “they are probably going to have to start looking for food sooner—and they’re going to have less time to adjust to their surroundings.” The study should serve as a warning to ocean governing agencies that careful management is needed to prevent the loss of more sharks.
8. In what aspect do the warmer conditions affect the baby sharks?
A. Their food.
B. Their body weight.
C. Their living habits.
D. Their moving route.
9. How did the scientists carry out their study?
A. By studying former data.
B. By tracking sharks in the wild.
C. By collecting information about climate change.
D. By comparing sharks in waters of different temperatures
10. What does paragraph 5 mainly talk about?
A. The origin of sharks’ names.
B. The sharks’ appearance.
C. The threats to sharks’ survival.
D. The sharks’ living environment.
11. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A. Scientists Raise Sharks to Deal with Problems
B. Global Warming Has Reduced Shark Populations
C. Baby Sharks Struggle to Survive in Warming Oceans
D. Scientists Are Struggling to Save Sharks from Extinction
D
When I was a boy, there was but one permanent ambition among my comrades in our village on the west bank of Mississippi River. That was, to be a steamboat man. We had temporary ambitions of other sorts, but they were only temporary.
My father was a justice of the peace, and I supposed he possessed the power of life and death over all men and could hang anybody that offended him. This was distinction enough for me as a general thing；butthe desire to be a steamboat man kept intruding, nevertheless. One of our boys in town, who went away and was not heard of for-a long time, turned up as apprentice engineer on a steamboat. This thing shook the bottom out of all my
Sunday—school teachings. That boy was notoriously worldly, and I was just the opposite. There was nothing generous about this fellow in his greatness. He would always manage to have a rusty nail to scrub while his boat stopped at our town, and he would sit on the inside guard and scrub it, where we could all see him. And wherever his boat was laid up he would come home and show off in the town in his blackest and greasiest clothes, so that nobody could help remembering that he was a steamboat man; and he used all sorts of steamboat technical terms in his talk, as if he were so used to them that he forgot common people could not understand them.
This creature's career could produce but one result, and it was speedily followed. Boy after boy managed to get on the river. Despite many choices, pilot was the grandest position of all. The pilot, even in those days of trivial wages, had a princely salary—from 150—250 dollars a month, and no board payment.But our parents would not let us and our worry was the next year would find us hunting for jobs with low pay again. So by and by I ran away. I said I never would come home again till I was a pilot and could come in glory.
12. Why does the writer mention his father's job in Paragraph 2?
A. To show that his father was in power.
B. To show that his father is cruel.
C. To emphasize the job he prefers.
D. To emphasize his love for his father.
13. Which of the following can best conclude the writer's attitude toward the boy?
A. He thought the boy was material but pitiful.
B. He thought the boy was annoying but still envied him.
C. He thought the boy was shallow but knowledgeable.
D. He thought the boy was disrespectful but still liked him.
14. Which of the following statements is Not True?
A. The boy talked in a way to make others feel jealous.
B. The boy's experience made other boys follow suit.
C. The pilot's salary was ly high but without meals covered.
D. The writer was ambitious to make his childhood dream come true.
15. What rhetorical method does the underlined sentence have?
A. Simile.
B. Personification.
C. Parallelism.
D. Irony.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项Time management means how we plan and carry out ourday to day activities over the amount of time．However，most of the students really don't know what they actually do during the school
day._____16_____Once you follow these tips，you will be a right person in the future．
Most of the students find it hard towake up in the morning for school. They put the alarm，but turn it off and sleep again.____17____.So once the alarm goes off in the morning, you have to wake up and walk a little to the alarm clock to turn it off．This little walk makes you open your eyes and get out a little from your sleeping tiredness．
___18___. Let’ s say you have homework to finish before going to bed. In this situation, your friend asks you to come for a movie. If you are not managing your time, you may go. But if you are a successful time management student, simply you would say NO to him and use that valuable time for your personal tasks．Find what will be your right time to do more activities. Some students prefer morning time and some prefer evening time.____19____．
As a school student, you often spend some time playing games or watching TV, so schedule a particular time for these extra activities.____20____．For example, you can schedule one or two hours for watching TV or playing games after school．
A.Focus more time on homework andother useful activities．
B.Depend on your preferable time and get to use most at that special time．
C.What you can do is to set the alarm clock and keep it a little far from you．
D.Here are some good ideas about time management to you school kids．
E.Don’t mix up your studying time with these extra activities．
F.Make a careful plan ahead of time and carry it out．
G.Don’ be afraid to say NO to anyone if it affects（影响）your personal work．
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项My most extremecase of jealousy happened at camp this summer with a girl named Megan Martin. We____21____on the first day of archery____22____. Most of us in my group had completely missed our____23____. Except Megan. No matter the activity, Megan was the best. And by best, I____24____ beyond the best!
____25____the people who get all braggy,Megan was modest and friendly. So I felt____26____ terrible the way I did. Then, one day at lunch, Megan sat down next to me. And then she told me a(n)___27___riddle,I giggled. And then we spent a lot of time telling____28____ .Later I knew we both had five-year old twin brothers. And it wasn't the only thing we had____29____! The more we talked, the more I realized how___30___it was that I'd
been___31___energy feeling jealous when I could have been building a___32___.
Megan told me that she____33____ she had my creativity in telling stories. That comment____34____ me. Hearing that I couldn't get over how good she was at everything,Megan____35____and suggested we invent a machine that would let people____36____skills for a little while. It was a(n)____37____idea and we spent the rest of lunch____38____the details of the invention.
It's probably impossible not to feel a tiny bit envious at least once in your life. But try to remember that you have your own____39____unique that makes you special. And I know for a fact that putting more energy into____40____thing like building friendship, and less energy into negatives thing like feeling jealous, helps make for happier days all round.
21. A. knew B. met C. acknowledged D. accompanied
22. A. report B. visit C. practice D. certificate
23. A. targets B. turns C. chances D. times
24. A. mean B. attain C. announce D. envy
25. A. Besides B. Regardless of C. As well as D. Unlike
26. A. even B. still C. just D. extra
27. A. exciting B. moving C. amusing D. scary
28. A. dreams B. jokes C. tricks D. lies
29. A. in common B. on purpose C. on our side D. in mind
30. A. admirable B. ridiculous C. stubborn D. desperate
31. A. wasting B. saving C. gathering D. compensating
32. A. team B. family C. home D. friendship
33. A. thought B. imagined C. wished D. guaranteed
34. A. congratulated B. frightened C. astonished D. convinced
35. A. laughed B. Sympathized C. complained D. scolded
36. A. train B. trade C. forget D. purchase
37. A. ambiguous B. troublesome C. accessible D. fantastic
38. A. turning off B. making out C. working out D. putting off
39. A. tiresome B. sincere C. abnormal D. awesome
40. A. public B. positive C. voluntary D. interesting
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
Everyone has a story to tell. Join one of the___41.___( good) authors, Jane Garland, on her writing website and you___42.___(learn) how to tell your story and write to make a difference. Jane is a writer, professor and editor, known for her honest and___43.___(thought) writing on love, life, culture and more. She is the author of six essay collections, where the best- sling Different Lives as well as Lines Sweet Life___44.___(include). How does such powerful writing come into being?___45.___( certain) , this one-hour online class shows how you can transform your story___46.___a powerful personal essay. Learn how to connect with the people you want to reach.___47.___she shares her methods of writing, Jane will teach you to take yourself seriously as a writer, share your passion and make___48.___impact on the world around you.___49.___(fi1l) with practical guidance, clever methods and example essays, eight video lessons will take you from the first idea to a final work___50.___( publish) in the coming future.
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节短文改错（满分10分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。

每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。

修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

When the earthquake was happened in 2008 my aunt was still a little girl in small county in Sichuan. Today, she can well remember doctors and nurses in white overalls which were busy day and night save the injured in our hometown. It was then when she made up her mind to be someone like them. Her dreams came true after she graduated from a local medical school. On January 2020, when bad news came that Hubei was badly in need of doctors and nurses to fight COVID-19, she applied to be there to help out but her application was approved. Before she leaves, she told us she was grateful for what people did for us after the earthquake and that she had decided to pay them forward.
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.假设你是李华，有外国友人到你校参观，想了解你们英语学习的情况。

请你代表学校用英语发言，要点如下：
1.表示欢迎并简要介绍学校情况；
2.说明英语学习情况(课堂、活动等)；
3.征求对方学好英语的建议。

注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Dear friends，
Welcome to our school!
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________
That’s all. Thank you.
参考答案
1. D
2. D
3. C
4. D
5. A
6. C
7. C
8. B 9. D 10. C 11. C
12. C 13. B 14. A 15. B
16. D 17. C 18. G 19. B 20. E
21. B 22. C 23. A 24. A 25. D 26. D 27. C 28. B 29. A 30. B 31. A 32.
D 33. C 34. C 35. A 36. B 37. D 38. C 39. D 40. B
41. best
42. will learn
43. thoughtful
44. is included
45. Certainly
46. into 47. When
48. an 49. Filled
50. to be published
51.(1). was 删掉。

(2). in small之间加a。

(3). which→who/that。

(4). save→saving。

(5). when→that。

(6). dreams→dream。

(7). On→In。

(8). but→and。

(9). leaves→left。

(10). them→it。

52.略。