厦门大学849光电子技术2009年考研初试专业课真题试卷

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2009年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试真题加答案

2009年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)Research on animal intelligence always makes me wonder just how smart humans are.1 the fruit-fly experiments described in Carl Zimmer‘s piece in the Science Times on Tuesday. Fruit flies who were taught to be smarter than the average fruit fly 2 to live shorter lives. This suggests that 3 bulbs burn longer, that there is an 4 in not being too terrifically bright.Intelligence, it 5 out, is a high-priced option. It takes more upkeep, burns more fuel and is slow 6 the starting line because it depends on learning — a gradual 7 — instead of instinct. Plenty of other species are able to learn, and one of the things they‘ve apparently learned is when to 8 .Is there an adaptive value to 9 intelligence? That‘s the question behind this new research. I like it. Instead of casting a wistful glance 10 at all the species we‘ve left in the dust I.Q.-wise, it implicitly asks what the real11 of our own intelligence might be. This is 12 the mind of every animal I‘ve ever met.Research on animal intelligence also makes me wonder what experiments animals would 13 on humans if they had the chance. Every cat with an owner, 14 , is running a small-scale study in operant conditioning. we believe that 15 animals ran the labs, they would test us to 16 the limits of our patience, our faithfulness, our memory for terrain. They would try to decide what intelligence in humans is really 17 , not merely how much of it there is. 18 , they would hope to study a 19 question: Are humans actually aware of the world they live in? 20 the results are inconclusive.1. [A] Suppose [B] Consider [C] Observe [D] Imagine2. [A] tended [B] feared [C] happened [D] threatened3. [A] thinner [B] stabler [C] lighter [D] dimmer4. [A] tendency [B] advantage [C] inclination [D] priority5. [A] insists on [B] sums up [C] turns out [D] puts forward6. [A] off [B] behind [C] over [D] along7. [A] incredible [B] spontaneous [C]inevitable [D] gradual8. [A] fight [B] doubt [C] stop [D] think19. [A] invisible [B] limited [C] indefinite [D] different10. [A] upward [B] forward [C] afterward [D] backward11. [A] features [B] influences [C] results [D] costs12. [A] outside [B] on [C] by [D] across13. [A] deliver [B] carry [C] perform [D] apply14. [A] by chance [B] in contrast [C] as usual [D] for instance15. [A] if [B] unless [C] as [D] lest16. [A] moderate [B] overcome [C] determine [D] reach17. [A] at [B] for [C] after [D] with18. [A] Above all [B] After all [C] However [D] Otherwise19. [A] fundamental [B] comprehensive [C] equivalent [D] hostile20. [A] By accident [B] In time [C] So far [D] Better stillSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)Text1Habits are a funny thing. We reach for them mindlessly, setting our brains on auto-pilot and relaxing into the unconscious comfort of familiar routine. ―Not choice, but habit rules the unreflecting herd,‖ William Wordsworth said in the 19th century. In the ever-changing 21st century, even the word ―habit‖ carries a ne gative connotation.So it seems antithetical to talk about habits in the same context as creativity and innovation. But brain researchers have discovered that when we consciously develop new habits, we create parallel synaptic paths, and even entirely new brain cells, that can jump our trains of thought onto new, innovative tracks.But don‘t bother trying to kill off old habits; once those ruts of procedure are worn into the hippocampus, they‘re there to stay. Instead, the new habits we deliberately ingrain into ourselves create parallel pathways that can bypass those old roads.―The first thing needed for innovation is a fascination with wonder,‖ says Dawna Markova, author of ―The Open Mind‖ and an executive change consultant for Professional Thinking Part ners. ―But we are taught instead to ‗decide,‘ just as our president calls himself ‗the Decider.‘‖ She adds, however, that ―to decide is to kill off all possibilities but one. A good innovational thinker is always exploring the many other possibilities.‖A ll of us work through problems in ways of which we‘re unaware, she says. Researchers in the late 1960 covered that humans are born with the capacity to2approach challenges in four primary ways: analytically, procedurally, relationally (or collaboratively) and innovatively. At puberty, however, the brain shuts down half of that capacity, preserving only those modes of thought that have seemed most valuable during the first decade or so of life.The current emphasis on standardized testing highlights analysis and procedure, meaning that few of us inherently use our innovative and collaborative modes of thought. ―This breaks the major rule in the American belief system — that anyone can do anything,‖ explains M. J. Ryan, author of the 2006 book ―This Year I Will...‖ and Ms. Markova‘s business partner. ―That‘s a lie that we have perpetuated, and it fosters commonness. Knowing what you‘re good at and doing even more of it creates excellence.‖ This is where developing new habits comes in.21. The view of Wordsworth habit is claimed by beingA. casualB. familiarC. mechanicalD. changeable.22. The researchers have discovered that the formation of habit can beA. predictedB. regulatedC. tracedD. guided23.‖ ruts‖(in li ne one, paragraph 3) has closest meaning toA. tracksB. seriesC. characteristicsD. connections24. Ms. Markova‘s comments suggest that the practice of standard testing ? A, prevents new habits form being formedB, no longer emphasizes commonnessC, maintains the inherent American thinking modelD, complies with the American belief system25. Ryan most probably agree thatA. ideas are born of a relaxing mindB. innovativeness could be taughtC. decisiveness derives from fantastic ideasD. curiosity activates creative mindsText 2It is a wise father that knows his own child, but today a man can boost his paternal (fatherly) wisdom –or at least confirm that he‘s the kid‘s dad. All he needs to do is shell our $30 for paternity testing kit (PTK) at his local drugstore – and another $120 to get the results.More than 60,000 people have purchased the PTKs since they first become available without prescriptions last years, according to Doug Fog, chief operating officer of Identigene, which makes the over-the-counter kits. More than two dozen companies sell DNA tests Directly to the public , ranging in price from a few hundred dollars to more than $2500.3Among the most popular : paternity and kinship testing , which adopted children can use to find their biological relatives and latest rage a many passionate genealogists-and supports businesses that offer to search for a family‘s geographic roots .Most tests require collecting cells by webbing saliva in the mouth and sending it to the company for testing. All tests require a potential candidate with whom to compare DNA.But some observers are skeptical, ―There is a kind of false precision being hawked by people claiming they are doing ancestry testing,‖ says Trey Duster, a New York University sociologist. He notes that each individual has many ancestors-numbering in the hundreds just a few centuries back. Yet most ancestry testing only considers a single lineage, either the Y chromosome inherited through men in a father‘s line or mito chondrial DNA, which a passed down only from mothers. This DNA can reveal genetic information about only one or two ancestors, even though, for example, just three generations back people also have six other great-grandparents or, four generations back, 14 other great-great-grandparents.Critics also argue that commercial genetic testing is only as good as the reference collections to which a sample is compared. Databases used by some companies don‘t rely on data collected systematically but rather lump together information from different research projects. This means that a DNA database may differ depending on the company that processes the results. In addition, the computer programs a company uses to estimate relationships may be patented and not subject to peer review or outside evaluation.26.In paragraphs 1 and 2 , the text shows PTK‘s ___________.[A]easy availability[B]flexibility in pricing[C] successful promotion[D] popularity with households27. PTK is used to __________.[A]locate one‘s b irth place[B]promote genetic research[C] identify parent-child kinship[D] choose children for adoption28. Skeptical observers believe that ancestry testing fails to__________.[A]trace distant ancestors[B] rebuild reliable bloodlines[C] fully use genetic information[D] achieve the claimed accuracy29. In the last paragraph ,a problem commercial genetic testing faces is __________.4[A]disorganized data collection[B] overlapping database building30. An appropriate title for the text is most likely to be__________.[A]Fors and Againsts of DNA testing[B] DNA testing and It‘s problems[C]DNA testing outside the lab[D] lies behind DNA testingText 3The relationship between formal education and economic growth in poor countries is widely misunderstood by economists and politicians alike progress in both area is undoubtedly necessary for the social, political and intellectual development of these and all other societies; however, the conventional view that education should be one of the very highest priorities for promoting rapid economic development in poor countries is wrong. We are fortunate that is it, because new educational systems there and putting enough people through them to improve economic performance would require two or three generations. The findings of a research institution have consistently shown that workers in all countries can be trained on the job to achieve radical higher productivity and, as a result, radically higher standards of living.Ironically, the first evidence for this idea appeared in the United States. Not long ago, with the country entering a recessing and Japan at its pre-bubble peak. The U.S. workforce was derided as poorly educated and one of primary cause of the poor U.S. economic performance. Japan was, and remains, the global leader in automotive-assembly productivity. Yet the research revealed that the U.S. factories of Honda Nissan, and Toyota achieved about 95 percent of the productivity of their Japanese countere pants a result of the training that U.S. workers received on the job.More recently, while examing housing construction, the researchers discovered that illiterate, non-English- speaking Mexican workers in Houston, Texas, consistently met best-practice labor productivity standards despite the complexity of the building industry‘s work.What is the real relationship between education and economic development? We have to suspect that continuing economic growth promotes the development of education even when governments don‘t force it. After all, that‘s how education got started. When our ancestors were hunters and gatherers 10,000 years ago, they didn‘t have time to wonder much about anything besides finding food. Only when humanity began to get its food in a more productive way was there time for other things.As education improved, humanity‘s productivity potential, they could in turn afford more education. This increasingly high level of education is probably a necessary, but not a sufficient, condition for the complex political systems required by advanced5economic performance. Thus poor countries might not be able to escape their poverty traps without political changes that may be possible only with broader formal education. A lack of formal education, however, doesn‘t const rain the ability of the developing world‘s workforce to substantially improve productivity for the forested future. On the contrary, constraints on improving productivity explain why education isn‘t developing more quickly there than it is.31. The author holds in paragraph 1 that the important of education in poor countries ___________.[A] is subject groundless doubts[B] has fallen victim of bias[C] is conventional downgraded[D] has been overestimated32. It is stated in paragraph 1 that construction of a new education system __________.[A]challenges economists and politicians[B]takes efforts of generations[C] demands priority from the government[D] requires sufficient labor force33.A major difference between the Japanese and U.S workforces is that __________.[A] the Japanese workforce is better disciplined[B] the Japanese workforce is more productive[C]the U.S workforce has a better education[D] ]the U.S workforce is more organize34. The author quotes the example of our ancestors to show that education emerged __________.[A] when people had enough time[B] prior to better ways of finding food[C] when people on longer went hung[D] as a result of pressure on government35. According to the last paragraph , development of education __________.[A] results directly from competitive environments[B] does not depend on economic performance[C] follows improved productivity[D] cannot afford political changesText 4The most thoroughly studied in the history of the new world are the ministers and political leaders of seventeenth-century New England. According to the standard history of American philosophy, nowhere else in colonial America was ―So much6important attached to intellectual pursuits ‖ Accord ing to many books and articles, New England‘s leaders established the basic themes and preoccupations of an unfolding, dominant Puritan tradition in American intellectual life.To take this approach to the New Englanders normally mean to start with the Puritans‘ theological innovations and their distinctive ideas about the church-important subjects that we may not neglect. But in keeping with our examination of southern intellectual life, we may consider the original Puritans as carriers of European culture adjusting to New world circumstances. The New England colonies were the scenes of important episodes in the pursuit of widely understood ideals of civility and virtuosity.The early settlers of Massachusetts Bay included men of impressive education and influence in England. `Besides the ninety or so learned ministers who came to Massachusetts church in the decade after 1629,There were political leaders like John Winthrop, an educated gentleman, lawyer, and official of the Crown before he journeyed to Boston. There men wrote and published extensively, reaching both New World and Old World audiences, and giving New England an atmosphere of intellectual earnestness.We should not forget , however, that most New Englanders were less well educated. While few crafts men or farmers, let alone dependents and servants, left literary compositions to be analyzed, The in thinking often had a traditional superstitions quality. A tailor named John Dane, who emigrated in the late 1630s, left an account of his reasons for leaving England that is filled with signs. sexual confusion, economic frustrations , and religious hope-all name together in a decisive moment when he opened the Bible, told his father the first line he saw would settle his fate, and read th e magical words: ―come out from among them, touch no unclean thing , and I will be your God and you shall be my people.‖ One wonders what Dane thought of the careful sermons explaining the Bible that he heard in puritan churched.Mean while , many se ttles had slighter religious commitments than Dane‘s, as one clergyman learned in confronting folk along the coast who mocked that they had not come to the New world for religion . ―Our main end was to catch fish. ‖36. The author notes that in the seventeenth-century New England___________.[A] Puritan tradition dominated political life.[B] intellectual interests were encouraged.[C] Politics benefited much from intellectual endeavors.[D] intellectual pursuits enjoyed a liberal environment.37. It is suggested in paragraph 2 that New Englanders__________.[A] experienced a comparatively peaceful early history.[B] brought with them the culture of the Old World[C] paid little attention to southern intellectual life[D] were obsessed with religious innovations738. The early ministers and political leaders in Massachusetts Bay__________.[A] were famous in the New World for their writings[B] gained increasing importance in religious affairs[C] abandoned high positions before coming to the New World[D] created a new intellectual atmosphere in New England39. The story of John Dane shows that less well-educated New Englanders were often __________.[A] influenced by superstitions[B] troubled with religious beliefs[C] puzzled by church sermons[D] frustrated with family earnings40. The text suggests that early settlers in New England__________.[A] were mostly engaged in political activities[B] were motivated by an illusory prospect[C] came from different backgrounds.[D] left few formal records for later referencePart BDirections:Directions: In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Questions (41-45), choose the most suitable one from the list A-G to fit into each of the numbered blank. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)Coinciding with the groundbreaking theory of biological evolution proposed by British naturalist Charles Darwin in the 1860s, British social philosopher Herbert Spencer put forward his own theory of biological and cultural evolution. Spencer argued that all worldly phenomena, including human societies, changed over time, advancing toward perfection. 41.____________.American social scientist Lewis Henry Morgan introduced another theory of cultural evolution in the late 1800s. Morgan, along with Tylor, was one of the founders of modern anthropology. In his work, he attempted to show how all aspects of culture changed together in the evolution of societies.42._____________.In the early 1900s in North America, German-born American anthropologist Franz Boas developed a new theory of culture known as historical particularism. Historical particularism, which emphasized the uniqueness of all cultures, gave new direction to anthropology. 43._____________ .8Boas felt that the culture of any society must be understood as the result of a unique history and not as one of many cultures belonging to a broader evolutionary stage or type of culture. 44._______________.Historical particularism became a dominant approach to the study of culture in American anthropology, largely through the influence of many students of Boas. But a number of anthropologists in the early 1900s also rejected the particularist theory of culture in favor of diffusionism. Some attributed virtually every important cultural achievement to the inventions of a few, especially gifted peoples that, according to diffusionists, then spread to other cultures. 45.________________.Also in the early 1900s, French sociologist Émile Durkheim developed a theory of culture that would greatly influence anthropology. Durkheim proposed that religious beliefs functioned to reinforce social solidarity. An interest in the relationship between the function of society and culture—known as functionalism—became a major theme in European, and especially British, anthropology.[A] Other anthropologists believed that cultural innovations, such as inventions, had a single origin and passed from society to society. This theory was known as diffusionism.[B] In order to study particular cultures as completely as possible, Boas became skilled in linguistics, the study of languages, and in physical anthropology, the study of human biology and anatomy.[C] He argued that human evolution was characterized by a struggle he called the ―survival of the fittest,‖ in which weaker races and societies must eventu ally be replaced by stronger, more advanced races and societies.[D] They also focused on important rituals that appeared to preserve a people‘s social structure, such as initiation ceremonies that formally signify children‘s entrance into adulthood.[E] Thus, in his view, diverse aspects of culture, such as the structure of families, forms of marriage, categories of kinship, ownership of property, forms of government, technology, and systems of food production, all changed as societies evolved.[F]Supporters of the theory viewed as a collection of integrated parts that work together to keep a society functioning.[G] For example, British anthropologists Grafton Elliot Smith and W. J. Perry incorrectly suggested, on the basis of inadequate information, that farming, pottery9making, and metallurgy all originated in ancient Egypt and diffused throughout the world. In fact, all of these cultural developments occurred separately at different times in many parts of the world.Part CDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written carefully on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points)There is a marked difference between the education which every one gets from living with others, and the deliberate educating of the young. In the former case the education is incidental; it is natural and important, but it is not the express reason of the association.46It may be said that the measure of the worth of any social institution is its effect in enlarging and improving experience; but this effect is not a part of its original motive. Religious associations began, for example, in the desire to secure the favor of overruling powers and to ward off evil influences; family life in the desire to gratify appetites and secure family perpetuity; systematic labor, for the most part, because of enslavement to others, etc. 47Only gradually was the by-product of the institution noted, and only more gradually still was this effect considered as a directive factor in the conduct of the institution. Even today, in our industrial life, apart from certain values of industriousness and thrift, the intellectual and emotional reaction of the forms of human association under which the world's work is carried on receives little attention as compared with physical output.But in dealing with the young, the fact of association itself as an immediate human fact, gains in importance.48 While it is easy to ignore in our contact with them the effect of our acts upon their disposition, it is not so easy as in dealing with adults. The need of training is too evident; the pressure to accomplish a change in their attitude and habits is too urgent to leave these consequences wholly out of account. 49Since our chief business with them is to enable them to share in a common life we cannot help considering whether or no we are forming the powers which will secure this ability.If humanity has made some headway in realizing that the ultimate value of every institution is its distinctively human effect we may well believe that this lesson has been learned largely through dealings with the young.50 We are thus led to distinguish, within the broad educational process which we have been so far considering, a more formal kind of education -- that of direct tuition or schooling. In undeveloped social groups, we find very little formal teaching and training. These groups mainly rely for instilling needed dispositions into the young upon the same sort of association which keeps the adults loyal to their group.Section & Writing10Part A51. Directions:Restrictions on the use of plastic bags have not been so successful in some regions. ―White pollution ‖is still going on. Write a letter to the editor(s) of your local newspaper to1)give your opinions briefly and2)make two or three suggestionsYou should write about 100 words. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use "Li Ming" instead. You do not need to write the address.Part B52. Directions:In your essay, you should1) describe the drawing briefly,2) explain its intended meaning, and then3) give your comments.You should write neatly on ANSHWER SHEET 2. (20 points)11。

重庆大学2009级“光电子技术”考试试卷及部分答案精选全文完整版

可编辑修改精选全文完整版A卷B卷2009 ~2010学年第二期开课学院：光电工程学院课程号： 12001025考试日期：考试方式：开卷闭卷其他考试时间：120分钟题号一二三四五六七八九十总分得分一、概念题（３分/每小题，共4５分）1. 远离辐射源环境下麦克斯韦方程组的微分形式是：E=0 H=02. 电场与磁场振幅呈（比例），相位（相等）3. 产生激光的必要条件是：粒子数反转增益大于阈阀值4. 与三能级激光器相比，四能级激光器有什么显著特点：所需的泵浦的能量较低，产生激光的效率高，5. 粒子数的反转分布是指：高能级的粒子数多于低能级的粒子数6. 构成激光器的几个主要部件是：工作物质，谐振腔，泵浦7. 要探测快速变化的光信号，PIN 必须采用（反偏）接法，这种接法的主要缺点是（暗电流明显）8. 光纤的数值孔径描述了光纤对入射光的（捕捉能力），请问光纤出射光线的发散角与数值孔径有什么关系？9. 声光调制可以调制光波的哪些参量?公平竞争、诚实守信、严肃考纪、拒绝作弊封线密频率，振幅，相位，强度10.PIN光电二极管探测的红限是（ 1.24/E g）11.影响光纤通信系统最大无中继距离的主要因素是（反射机的效率）、（接受器的灵敏度）和（传输的损耗）12.PMT增益的稳定性主要受（温度）和（电压）影响。

13.取样积分法，累加次数与信噪比有什么关系？次数越多，信噪比越大，积分M次，信噪比增加倍14.光纤通信系统与传统的电通信系统的差别（至少写出三个）：保密性好，速度快，频带宽，抗干扰能力强15.零差探测和外差探测的主要区别在（差频是否为零）二、简述题（3０分）１．半导体光源与光纤耦合时，采用透镜有焦点耦合法和离焦耦合法，简述这两种方法的优缺点（１5分）２．一个光电子系统中，如何根据光源的参数和信号的特点来选择光电探测器？（１5分）三、分析、计算题（1０分）购买一声光调制器，预定的参数是针对氦氖激光器的（波长为0.6328微米），入射角标准是3度，现准备对0.65微米的半导体激光器进行调制，欲得到最大的衍射效率，试问需如何调整系统？（１０分）四、设计题（１５分）设计一个光纤声音探测系统，要求采用强度调制方式，要求画出原理框图，给出计算公式（提示：考虑光纤与光纤的耦合）。

厦门大学(已有10试题)

厦门大学中文系文学理论与文学评论写作2008--2009语言文学基础2008—-2009文学2007文学基础2003——2006中西文艺理论基础2000—-2002,2004--2005文艺评论写作2000——2002中国现当代文学2000-—2006文艺理论2000—-2003，2006——2007中国文学史2001—-2002中国古代文学理论2001——2005中国文学批评史2006语言理论2004中外文学2000—-2002欧美文学与比较文学2004——2006戏剧基础知识2003—-2006文艺基础知识2003——2005美学与文艺理论2000-—2002美学与艺术概论2005语言学2008——2009历史系世界近代史2002世界现代史2002中国近现代史2003——2004世界近现代史2003——2004专门史2002经济专门史2001经济史1999—-2000中国古代史2000中国通史1999—-2002通史1999中国考古学1999-—2005考古学通论1999考古学概论2000——2002中国古代史1999——2005哲学系哲学基础理论2008—-2009中西哲学史2008——2009新闻传播系新闻与传播实务2007——2010（注：2007、2010年试卷为回忆版)新闻学与传播学基础2006——2009(注：2006——2007年试卷为回忆版）新闻业务1999——2006广告学原理1996—-1997，2001-—2002公共关系原理与实务2002中国传播史1999——2005传播学理论2001——2004传播实务2004,2006广告与公关2003（回忆版）2003年传播学复试题目人类学与民族学系人类学理论方法2003人类学概论1999—-2001，2003人类学通论2008——2009文化人类学1999--2001人类学史1999--2001民族学通论2008——2009经济系宏、微观经济学2005-—2009（2005有答案）西方经济学2002,2005经济学2003—-2004,2006，2009—2010世界经济综合2000世界经济A 2000政治经济学2000综合考试（含政治经济学、宏观经济学）2002计划统计系宏、微观经济学2006，2009-2010西方经济学2002,2005经济学2003-—2004，2006，2009-2010世界经济综合2000世界经济A 2000政治经济学2000综合考试（含政治经济学、宏观经济学）2002财政系宏、微观经济学2006，2009-2010西方经济学2002，2005经济学2003—-2004，2006,2009-2010世界经济综合2000世界经济A 2000政治经济学2000综合考试（含政治经济学、宏观经济学）2002财政学1996——1998财政学综合考试1996——1998金融系金融学基础(联考)2002-—2010（2002-—2010有答案) 货币银行学综合考试1998—-2000货币银行学1998——2000货币银行学(复试）2000国际经济与贸易系宏、微观经济学2006，2009-2010西方经济学2002，2005经济学2003--2004,2006，2009-2010世界经济综合2000世界经济A 2000政治经济学2000综合考试（含政治经济学、宏观经济学）2002国际贸易1998——2002经济研究所宏、微观经济学2006，2009—2010西方经济学2002,2005经济学2003——2004,2006,2009—2010世界经济综合2000世界经济A 2000政治经济学2000综合考试（含政治经济学、宏观经济学）2002王亚南经济研究院经济学2003——2004,2006，2009-2010西方经济学2002,2005世界经济综合2000世界经济A 2000政治经济学2000综合考试（含政治经济学、宏观经济学）2002会计系会计学2000--2005会计学综合考试2000-—2002管理学与管理经济学2003——2009（注:2005—-2007年为回忆版）企业管理专业综合考试(含人力资源管理、市场营销学）1998——2002 企业管理（含管理学、财务管理）1998—-2002企业管理系管理学与管理经济学2003—-2007（注：2005--2007年为回忆版)企业管理专业综合考试（含人力资源管理、市场营销学）1998——2002 企业管理（含管理学、财务管理)1998——2002管理科学系运筹学（管理科学系）2002——2009旅游系（无此试卷）法学院法理学与民法学2000--2006法理学1995——2002，2005-—2006法理学与民事诉讼法学2003——2006法理学与宪法学2002，2005——2010（2010为回忆版)民法学1990，1998——2002民法学与商法学2003——2006民法学与宪法学2005-—2006民法学与刑法学2007,2009—-2010（2010为回忆版）综合国际法学2003-—2005国际公法与国际私法1997—-2002国际经济法1997—-2002(国际法学专业)综合考试1997——1999（民商法学、经济法学专业）综合考试2002民事诉讼法2000—-2002商法学2003经济法学1998-—2003民事诉讼法与刑事诉讼法2003宪法学与行政法学2003刑法学与刑事诉讼法学2003，2005——2006行政法与行政诉讼法学2005-—2006政治学系政治学与公共管理学2007—-2009政治学与行政学2003——2006政治学原理2002行政学2002现代政治思想（中、西）2008-—2009公共管理系政策科学与经济学2007--2009政治学与公共管理学2007——2009政治学与行政学2003—-2006（word版本）政治学原理2002行政学2002综合考试（行政管理）2002——2006(注:无管理学部分）（word版本) 社会保障专业试题2004社会学系社会学原理2005，2008—-2009社会调查研究方法2005，2008-—2009人口研究所宏、微观经济学2006，2009—2010西方经济学2002,2005经济学2003——2004，2006，2009-2010政治经济学2000综合考试（含政治经济学、宏观经济学）2002思想政治教育系政治学与公共管理学2007——2009政治学与行政学2003——2006政治学原理2002行政学2002政治学2008——2009中共党史与思想政治教育学2008——2009英文系二外法语2001，2003—-2005（注:2001年的试卷共14页,缺第4页）二外日语2003二外德语2006——2009英语基础知识2003—-2005（2005有答案）英语语言文学基础知识2002阅读及英美文学、语言学基础2003-—2009（2006-—2009有答案）（注：2006—-2009年的答案只有语言学基础部分的答案）阅读理解与英美文学基础知识1998——2000阅读理解及语言学、英美文学基础知识2001阅读与写作2002翻译与写作2003——2004写作与英汉互译2003—-2006,2009英语写作2000英汉、汉英翻译1998——2002欧洲语言文学系二外英语2003——2006，2009（2009有答案）公共外语教学部二外法语2001，2003-—2005（注：2001年的试卷共14页，缺第4页)二外日语2003二外德语2006—-2009英语基础知识2003--2005（2005有答案）英语语言文学基础知识2002阅读及英美文学、语言学基础2003——2009(2006——2009有答案）(注：2006—-2009年的答案只有语言学基础部分的答案）阅读理解与英美文学基础知识1998--2000阅读理解及语言学、英美文学基础知识2001阅读与写作2002翻译与写作2003——2004写作与英汉互译2003--2006,2009英语写作2000英汉、汉英翻译1998-—2002日本语言文学系二外英语2003—-2006，2009（2009有答案）基础日语2005-—2006综合日语2003——2006日本文学2004日本文学史2003日语语言文化2004音乐系音乐学基础2008—-2009中外音乐史2008——2009美术系设计史2007——2009设计史论2004——2006艺术概论2007——2009中外美术史2008—-2009物理系高等数学（无线电物理专业)1998，2001-—2005电子线路2001——2002,2008——2009［其中2001年试题名称为：综合考试] 普通物理学2002——2004,2006——2009（2006-—2007有答案)电动力学2002量子力学2002量子力学与电动力学2003——2004机电工程系自动控制原理2000-—2002，2004——2006，2008——2009模拟电路与数字逻辑2000-—2002微机原理2003-—2005微机原理及应用2000——2002电子线路2001--2002，2008——2009［其中2001年试题名称为：综合考试］普通物理学2002——2004，2006——2009（2006——2007有答案）电动力学2002量子力学2002量子力学与电动力学2003——2004数学科学学院综合基础Ⅱ（数学各专业）（含高等代数、抽象代数）2007,2010基础综合Ⅰ（含数学分析、实变函数、常微分方程）2005—-2006数学分析2003——2004高等代数2003化学系物理化学1990—-1991,2000—-2002，2004，2007——2009(2008有答案）高分子化学1999高分子化学与物理2008-—2010分析化学2008——2010无机化学2008—-2009化学工程与生物工程系高分子化学1999高分子化学与物理2008——2010传递过程与单元操作2008-—2009材料科学与工程系高分子化学1999高分子化学与物理2008-—2010材料科学基础2008-—2009基础化学2008——2010生命科学学院生物化学1999-—2001，2003--2010细胞生物学1994——2009微生物学2002——2010生物学2005普通生物学1994—-2000，2002——2003，2005生物学概论1999，2001，2004生态学2007——2010普通生态学2001——2010植物生态学1996——2003，2005普通生物学基础2004——2005海洋生态学1987——2002，2004——2005动物生理与海洋生态学2003普通动物学1998-—2003植物生理学1998——2002植物生理生化2003植物生物学2005——2009动物生物学2003，2005,2007-—2010动物学1993——2005海洋系生物化学1999——2001,2003-—2010细胞生物学1994-—2009微生物学2002—-2010生物学2005普通生物学1994——2000,2002—-2003，2005，2008--2009 生物学概论1999，2001，2004生态学2007——2010普通生态学2001——2010植物生态学1996-—2003，2005普通生物学基础2004——2005海洋生态学1987—-2002，2004——2005动物生理与海洋生态学2003普通动物学1998—-2003植物生理学1998——2002植物生理生化2003植物生物学2005——2009动物生物学2003,2005,2007——2010动物学1993—-2005海洋地质学2008——2009海洋管理概论2005——2009海洋科学导论2008——2009声学基础与数字电路2003——2009数学物理基础2008--2009无机化学2008——2009物理化学2008——2009环境科学中心环境评价规划与管理2001—-2009（其中2001、2002年分为规划管理与评价学两份试题）环境学导论2002—-2009环境工程学2007-2010有机化学（环境科学、环境管理专业）2002—-2006分析化学（环境科学、环境管理专业）2002——2006，2008——2009生物化学1999-—2001,2003-—2010细胞生物学1994——2009微生物学2002--2010生物学2005普通生物学1994——2000，2002——2003，2005生物学概论1999，2001,2004生态学2007——2010普通生态学2001—-2010植物生态学1996——2003，2005普通生物学基础2004——2005海洋生态学1987——2002，2004-—2005动物生理与海洋生态学2003普通动物学1998——2003植物生理学1998——2002植物生理生化2003植物生物学2005—-2009动物生物学2003，2005，2007--2010动物学1993——2005普通物理学2008——2009计算机科学系数据结构与计算机组成原理2003——2007数据结构与高级程序设计1997—-2002（2001有答案,答案只有数据结构部分）数据结构与C语言2004操作系统与编译原理1997-—2001组成原理与汇编语言2002电子工程系高等数学(无线电物理专业）1998,2001—-2005模拟电路与数字逻辑2000——2002信号与系统2007——2008（2007有答案）电路、信号与线性系统2003—-2006,2009（2006有答案）（注：2006年试卷缺电路的题，只有信号与线性系统的题，共4页，缺第3、4页）自动控制原理2000-—2002,2004——2006,2008-—2009电子线路2001——2002，2008——2009［其中2001年试题名称为：综合考试］普通物理学2002—-2004，2006-—2009(2006——2007有答案）电动力学2002量子力学2002量子力学与电动力学2003—-2004光电子技术2008——2009自动化系模拟电路与数字逻辑2000——2002自动控制原理2000——2002,2004——2006，2008-—2009电子线路2001——2002，2008——2009[其中2001年试题名称为：综合考试] 普通物理学2002——2004，2006——2009(2006-—2007有答案)电动力学2002量子力学2002量子力学与电动力学2003--2004数据结构2008—-2009通信工程系信号与系统2007-—2008(2007有答案)电路、信号与线性系统2003——2006，2009(2006有答案)（注：2006年试卷缺电路的题，只有信号与线性系统的题,共4页，缺第3、4页）电子线路2001—-2002，2008--2009[其中2001年试题名称为：综合考试]医学院生物医学研究院药物化学2008-—2009有机化学（医）2008-—2009生物化学2007——2009物理化学(医学院）2010生理学2010建筑系建筑设计2001——2002中外建筑历史2001——2002，2008——2009概念性快速建筑设计2008——2009建筑技术概论2008—-2009土木系材料力学2008——2009结构力学2008-—2009南洋研究院国际政治2003-—2009国际关系史2003——2009宏、微观经济学2006，2009—2010经济学2003——2004,2006，2009-2010西方经济学2002，2005世界经济综合2000世界经济A 2000政治经济学2000综合考试（含政治经济学、宏观经济学）2002台湾研究院宏、微观经济学2006，2009—2010经济学2003-—2004，2006,2009—2010西方经济学2002，2005世界经济综合2000世界经济A 2000政治经济学2000综合考试（含政治经济学、宏观经济学）2002 政治学与行政学2004——2005（缺案例分析）中西文艺理论基础2000-—2002，2004—-2005 文艺评论写作2000-—2002中国现当代文学2000--2005文学基础2003——2004中外文学2000—-2002世界近代史2002世界现代史2002中国古代史2000通史1999中国近现代史2002——2004世界近现代史2003——2004现代政治思想（中、西）2008--2009教育研究院普通心理学1986-—1988,2000-—2005普通教育学2000——2005教育学1985,1987——1988高等教育学专业综合考试1985——1987心理学1985，1987发展心理学与教育心理学1987—-1988 中外教育史、比较教育学1999—-2001。

2009年厦门大学846电子线路考研真题及答案

厦门大学2009年招收攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题答案解析科目代码：846科目名称：电子线路（含模拟和数字）招生专业：物理电子学、电路与系统、微电子学与固体电子学、电磁场与微波技术考生须知：答题须用黑（蓝）色墨水（圆珠）笔；不得在试题（草稿）纸上作答；凡未按要求均不予评阅、判分。

一、（15分）1.（10分）如下图，（1）D1、D2为理想二极管，试判断其通断，并求输出电压V0（2）如R2改为10 KΩ，再求输出电压V0和流过二极管D1、D2的电流I D1、I D2。

【答案解析】假设D1、D2均为断开状态，压差大的先导通，再凭此导通条件去看另一个。

（1）D2导通，D1截止，V0=9V（2）D1、D2均导通，V0=8V，I D1=0.4mA，I D2=0.2mA2.（5分）电路如下图，已知稳压管的V Z=6V，V D（on）=0.7V，，试画出μ波形（应标出纵坐标值）和电压传输特性曲线。

【答案解析】二、（15分）共基放大电路的交流通路如下图所示，试画出微变等效电路；若r ce 忽略不计，试求电压增益A V 、输入电阻R i 和输出电阻R 0。

1.（12分）用此运放组成一个电阻性负反馈放大器，在要求相位裕量γm 至少为45°时，此反馈放大器的最大环路增益为多少dB ？2.（3分）用此运放组成电压跟随器，能否稳定地工作？【答案解析】 1.交流等效电路'1b e bi r R R β+=+0C R R ='(//)L V iC L i b e bR A A R R R r r β=-=+ Ci C LR A R R α=-+因题目要求相位裕量m γ至少为︒45，因此要求最大增益必须落在︒45/十倍频程下降的末端，由反馈知识知，f k A /1=，f k =0.01，此时最大环路增益为100，即40dB 。

2.不能，因为共基极电路没有电流放大能力。

三、（15分）1.（10分）如左下图，运放是理想的，试求V 0与V i1、V i2的关系。

《2017厦门大学849光电子技术考研专业课历年真题与答案解析》

《2017厦门大学849光电子技术考研专业课历年真题与答案解析》《2017厦门大学849光电子技术考研专业课历年真题与答案解析》主要包含2007-2014年的考研真题和答案解析。

本书的真题参考答案逻辑清晰、解析全面，对真题解题思路和答题技巧进行了相关分析，并对考研专业课历年真题的考点分布和命题规律进行深入解析，帮助考生熟悉考试形式，抓住考试重点、难点，同时帮助考生明确厦大专业课考试真题出题思路、命题规律，从而提高复习效率和考试命中率。

年年相伴考研，年年更新完善，聚英教育衷心希望本书能切实地帮助到每位考生，继续得到各位考生的喜爱!一、适用考试科目代码与专业适用考试科目：849光电子技术适用专业：信科科学技术学院：电子工程系：光学工程、物理电子学、电路与系统、电磁场与微波技术、电子与通信工程（专业学位）；物理与机电学院：机电工程系：转化医学；电子科学系：转化医学二、2016厦大公布考试科目①101思想政治理论②201英语一③301数学一④849光电子技术三、本书简介1. 考点回归教材各章，题型结构清晰呈现总结了近年来各考点的详细分布，将各个考点回归到参考书目相应的章节中，同时对历年的试卷结构进行分析，以事实为依据让考生对专业课考试各考点的重要程度及历年的命题情况、试卷结构了然于胸。

2. 宏观把握试题规律，科学预测命题方向对历年的试题规律归纳总结，以帮助考生把握考试的实际难度与要求，并对2016年的试题命题特点做出详细分析，对可能的命题方向做出预测。

3. 参考答案紧扣考点，答案解析全面透彻答案解析全面透彻、过程详细，逻辑性强，通过对历年考研试题的考点分析帮助考生更好地理解和掌握历年考点。

4. 答题技巧分类点拨，答题规范轻松掌握对专业课考试的答题思路和解题技巧进行分析，帮助考生掌握答题技巧、规范答题形式，形成科学的答题模式帮助考生在考场上如虎添翼。

厦门大学849光电子技术2011年考研初试专业课真题答案解析

《厦门大学光电子技术历年考研真题及答案解析》31/45厦门大学2011年招收攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题答案解析科目代码：849科目名称：光电子技术考生须知：答案必须使用黑（蓝）色墨水（圆珠）笔；不得在试题（草稿）纸上作答；凡未按规定作答均不予评阅、判分1、一支He-Ne 激光器发出波长为632.8nm ，功率为4mW 的激光。

该激光束的直径为2mm ，平面发散角为θ=2mrad ，谱线宽为6kHz 。

求辐射亮度和光谱辐射亮度。

【考查重点】：这是第一章的考点，考查辐射度学的基础知识。

【答案解析】：mW emm d mrad 4,2,2=Φ==θ立体角半径mdR 1==θ激光束的半径mm r 1=，则立体角sr R r R S 61014.3222-⨯≈==Ωπ辐射亮度()0,cos =⋅⋅ΩΦ=ϕϕS e e B ，()28/1006.4m sr W e B ⋅⨯=光谱辐射亮度()()314/1042.6m sr W e B e B ⋅⨯==λλ2、对于半导体激光二极管泵浦的Nd-YAG 激光器，简述其工作原理，并说明产生激光输出的阈值条件。

【考查重点】：这是第一章的考点，考查激光器的工作原理等内容。

【答案解析】：工作原理：泵浦源能量使工作物质中的粒子从低能态激发到高能态，构成粒子数反转分布。

高能态粒子返回低能态产生辐射，会使别的受激原子感应出同频率、同相位、同方向的辐射。

辐射波在谐振腔中来回传播，模式被筛选，只有符合共振频率模式条件的光波被放大，经过放大的光波通过半反镜输出形成激光。

阈值条件：在注入电流的作用下，有源区的受激辐射不断增强，称为增益。

当腔内增益超过总损耗时产生激光。

2009年同等学力申硕电子科学与技术真题及答案

三、简答题（每小题 4 分，共 12 分） 1．试用能带模型说明金属、半导体和绝缘体的区别。 2．简要说明 pn 结反向“少子抽取”。 3．一 MOS 结构，金属铝的功函数 Wm = 4.1eV ，p 型硅的功函数 WS = 5.0eV 。请求：（1）接触电势差 Vms ；（2）由此引起的平带电压 VFB ；（3）接触电势差 Vms 是降落在 MOS 结构的什么地方？
四、计算题（7 分）已知电子的能量相对于价带顶为 E ( k ) = −1 × 10−37 k 2 ( J ) ，当一个 kx = 1 × 109 m −1 的电子被从价带激发到导带后，则在价带中相应产生一个空穴。（1）求此空穴的波矢；（2 分）（2）求此空穴的共有化运动速度；（2.5 分）（3）求此空穴的有效质量。（2.5 分）（已知：普朗克常数 ℏ = 1.054 × 10−34 J ⋅ s ）
二、（10 分）方程 x3 + 4 x 2 − 10 = 0 在区间[1, 2]上有一实根。今有两种迭代求根的方法：
2 方法一： xk +1 = xk − ( xk3 + 4 x k − 10) ， k = 0, 1, ⋯ 。
方法二： xk +1 =
10 ， k = 0, 1, ⋯ 。 4 + xk
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（满分 35 分）一、填空题（每空 1 分，共 14 分） 1．线性各向同性媒质麦克斯韦方程中，微分形式法拉第电磁感应定律为形式修正的安培环路定律为 ② 。 ① ；微分

2020厦门大学849光电子技术考试范围(大纲)和参考书目

我们的梦想，为成就更多人的梦想/ 2020厦门大学849光电子技术考试范围（大纲）和参考书目由于厦门大学大部分专业课官方没有公布参考书目由此给很多考生带来了很大的不便，对此精都考研网整理了厦门大学往届研究生初试用书对应的辅导资料，同时摘录了厦门大学官方公布的考试科目考试范围以便同学查阅参考。

以下内容是【精都考研网】整理发布，每天及时发布最新考研资讯、考研经验、考研真题。

目前很多同学已加入2020厦门大学考研总群829573389，抓紧时间加入了解你所不知道的考研信息。

一、2019专业课考试范围（官网公布，20届的今年10月份公布）1.激光原理与技术，特别是固体与光纤激光的基本概念，工作原理及其相关参数计算2.包括液晶显示在内的平板显示原理与技术3.半导体光电子方面：半导体发光二极管、激光器以及光电探测的基本原理，光电效应的基本内容，光敏电阻、光电二极管、光电池、光电倍增管的基本计算（直流特性）4.光纤方面：光纤的损耗、色散特性，单模光纤，光纤特征参数的测量，光纤无源器件及有源器件（耦合器、滤波器、隔离器、光纤放大器与激光器）5.光调制方面：①晶体光学基础，折射率椭球，单轴晶体，双轴晶体，双折射；②声光调制，拉曼奈斯衍射，布拉格衍射，声光调Q; ③电光调制，半波电压，电光调Q；④磁光调制，天然旋光，磁光偏转，光隔离器6.光电成像器件方面：摄像器件，电荷耦合器件、CMOS图像传感器二、往届研究生初试参考用书：张永林、狄红卫编著《光电子技术》三、往届研究生初试配套精编复习资料厦门大学849光电子技术复习全程通（全套资料目录清单）复习全程通NO1（历年真题汇编）：2013/2018年（回忆版）真题+光电子版技术名校真题复习全程通NO2（教辅一本通）：1本：张永林、狄红卫编著《光电子技术》本专业研究生整理章节的重点笔记和章节典型题及答案解析复习全程通NO3（冲刺模拟套卷）：2套含答案解析复习全程通NO4（非卖品，电子版赠送内容）：1. 《光电子技术》课件讲义2. 《光电子技术实验》讲义以上资料可以上精都考研网或加厦大考研群了解。

(完整word版)2009年考研计算机专业(基础综合)真题试卷及答案,推荐文档

2009年考研计算机专业（基础综合）真题试卷及答案一、单项选择题1-40小题，每小题2分，共80分。

下列每题给出的四个选项中，只有一个选项是最符合题目要求的。

1 为解决计算机主机与打印机之间速度不匹配问题，通常设置一个打印数据缓冲区，主机将要输出的数据依次写入该缓冲区，而打印机则依次从该缓冲区中取出数据。

该缓冲区的逻辑结构应该是____。

（A）栈（B）队列（C）树（D）图2 设栈S和队列Q的初始状态均为空，元素a，b，c，d，e，f，g依次进入栈s。

若每个元素出栈后立即进入队列Q，且7个元素出队的顺序是b，d，c，f，e，a，g，则栈S的容量至少是____。

（A）1（B）2（C）3（D）43 给定二叉树如图A-1所示。

设N代表二叉树的根，L代表根结点的左了树，R代表根结点的右子树。

若遍历后的结点序列是3，1，7，5，6，2，4，则其遍历方式是____。

（A）LRN（B）NRL（C）RLN（D）RNL4 下列二叉排序树中，满足平衡二叉树定义的是____。

（A）（B）（C）（D）5 已知一棵完全二叉树的第6层(设根为第1层)有8个叶结点，则该完全二叉树的结点个数最多是____。

（A）39（B）52（C）111（D）1196 将森林转换为对应的二叉树，若在二叉树中，结点u是结点v的：父结点的父结点，则在原来的森林中，u和v可能具有的关系是____。

I．父子关系Ⅱ．兄弟关系Ⅲ．u的父结点与v的父结点是兄弟关系（A）只有Ⅱ（B）I和Ⅱ（C）I和Ⅲ（D）I、Ⅱ和Ⅲ7 下列关于无向连通图特性的叙述中，正确的是____。

I．所有顶点的度之和为偶数Ⅱ．边数大于顶点个数减1Ⅲ．至少有一个顶点的度为1（A）只有I（B）只有Ⅱ（C）I和Ⅱ（D）I和Ⅲ8 下列叙述中，不符合m阶B树定义要求的是____。

（A）根结点最多有m棵子树（B）所有叶结点都在同一层上（C）各结点内关键字均升序或降序排列（D）叶结点之间通过指针链接9 已知关键字序列5，8，12，19，28，20，15，22是小根堆(最小堆)，插入关键字3，调整后得到的小根堆是____。

2009年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试福建卷

2009年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(福建卷)数学(理工农医类)一.选择题：本小题共10小题，每小题5分，共50分。

在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。

1.函数f(x) =sinxcosx最小值是1 1A. -1B.C.D.12 21. 【答案】：B1 . 1［解析］T f (x) sin2x f ( x) min •故选 B2 22•已知全集U=R，集合A={X|X2-2X 0}，则e u A等于A . { x I 0 空x 空2}B { x I 0<x<2}C. { x I x<0 或x>2} D { x I x^0 或x 乞2}2. ［答案】：A［解析］•••计算可得A = {x，x c0或x = 2} ••• CuA = {x.0 WxW2}.故选A3•等差数列｛a n｝的前n项和为S n ,且S3 =6, a1=4,贝U公差d等于5A. 1 B - C.- 2 D 333. ［答案】：C3［解析］••• & =6 (a1a3)且a3二a「2d ^=4 . d=2.故选CJE4. 2- (1 cosx)dx 等于一2A .二 B. 2 C.二-2 D.二+24. ［答案】：DxI .d 2 JT JT JT Jt［解析］T原式=x +sin x = (一+sin —)_［_一+sin(——)］=兀+2 .故选Dx 2 2 2 2_ _25. 下列函数f (x)中，满足"对任意x1, X2€ ( 0,址)，当N<X2时，都有f(xj>f(x2)的是2B. f(X)= (X—1) C . f(x) = e x D f(x) =1 n(x 1)5. 【答案】：A［解析］依题意可得函数应在X •= (0, •：：)上单调递减，故由选项可得A正确。

6•阅读右图所示的程序框图，运行相应的程序，输出的结果是A. 2 B .4 C. 8 D .166. 【答案】：C［解析］由算法程序图可知，在n =4前均执行”否”命令，故n=2X4=8.故选C 7•设m, n是平面〉内的两条不同直线，h , I2是平面：内的两条相交直线，则:-// :的一个充分而不必要条件是A.m // :且I // ：B. m // I 且n // 12C. m // :且n // ：D. m // :且n // 127. 【答案】：B［解析］若m/儿，n//l2,m.n二：＜,■ 1. ■ 2:,则可得】TI -.若〉// ：则存在8. 已知某运动员每次投篮命中的概率低于40%。

厦门大学2008与2009年招收攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题

厦门大学2009年招收攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题《微观经济学》（80分）一、名词解释1.劣等品2.恩格尔曲线3.风险溢价4.规模报酬递增二、简答题1.画出无差异曲线a.“没有一个打火机，香烟简直不算一种商品”b.“吃米饭和吃馒头同样能填饱肚子”2.竞争性市场中厂商长期经济利润为零。

因此，企业经营结果和企业家才能没有关系。

试分析这一观点正确与否。

3.为什么说共有资源会产生无效率的结果三、计算题1.效用函数为u(w)=lnw，猜硬币的正反面，如果正面朝上的概率为π，用x元押正面朝上，押中则财富为w+x，没押中则财富为w-x，问（1）用π的函数来表示最优的x。

（2）如果π=1/2，x等于多少？这说明什么？2.简述上策和纳什均衡。

分析下表中的均衡策略乙厂商合作不合作甲厂商合作（7，7）（5，9）不合作（9，5）（6，6）四、分析题1.如果政府想增加农民的收入，为什么支持价格、限耕方案没有直接发钱给农民好？2.如果采用贸易保护政策，进口配额和关税哪一种方案好？《宏观经济学》五、名词解释1、持久收入假说2、非自愿失业3、利率平价4、扩张型财政政策对投资的挤出六、简答题1.发展中国家促进经济增长的途径之一是鼓励国民储蓄。

试用索洛模型分析这一观点是否正确。

2.假设中国和美国都处在恶性通货膨胀中，中国的名义利率为12%，美国的名义利率为18%，两国的实际利率相同。

问：（1）根据费雪方程式，计算两国的预期通货膨胀。

（2）假如购买力平价成立，两国的汇率会有什么变化。

（3）如果中国是一个大型开放经济，画图说明（2）中结果对中国净出口和产出的影响，并与小型开放经济的情况比较。

3.凯恩斯学派、新古典经济学派、真实经济周期学派分别认为经济周期的原因是什么，对经济政策有何建议。

七、计算题1.C=0.75(Y-T)+120I=500-4000rG=T=48货币交易需求：L1=0.25Y货币投机需求：L2=268-1000rY=1.664N ，N 是就业量已知货币供给M=500，充分就业时Yf=1248。

《2017厦门大学846电子线路(含模拟和数字)专业课全真模拟题与答案解析

《2017厦门大学846电子线路（含模拟和数字）专业课全真模拟题与答案解析《2017厦门大学846电子线路(含模拟和数字)考研专业课全真模拟题与答案解析》根据厦门大学最新专业课考试范围，结合历年考研真题的命题规律，基于重要考点及命题预测精编而成，内含五套专业课模拟卷，所有题目附有参考答案及相关解题分析。

本卷旨在帮助考生在冲刺阶段进行自我检测，通过测试扫除复习盲区，巩固复习重点和考试难点，并通过模拟演练提高应试能力，增强考试信心。

一、适用考试科目代码与专业适用考试科目代码：846电子线路(含模拟和数字)适用专业：信息科学与技术学院：电子工程系：物理电子学、电路与系统、微电子学与固体电子学、电磁场与微波技术、电子与通信工程(专业学位)、集成电路工程(专业学位);能源研究院：核工程与材料(02数字化控制与模拟);萨本栋微米纳米科学技术研究院：电路与系统;二、2016厦大公布考试科目①101思想政治理论②201英语一③301数学一④846电子线路（含模拟和数字）三、本书简介二、全真模拟卷亮点及作用1.厦大真题样式—预热考试状态全面分析总结厦门大学考试中心历年考题，完全遵循真题的考试风格、题型题量、考察范围和命题趋势而倾力编写的精品考研专业课辅导材料，保障了模拟试卷的高品质性及准确性。

2.考察难度略高—自检复习效果五套试卷相对真题难度略高，目的让考生查缺补漏，进行模拟试卷训练，掌握考试的答题节奏，检验自己的复习成果。

3.解析详实准确—扫除复习盲区五套模拟卷的每一道试题附有全面解析，答案详实准确，解析重点突出，答题思路清晰，可以帮助考生更好地进行考前密集训练和冲刺提升。

4. 紧跟命题规律—把握命题趋势通过模拟测试可以审视试卷结构安排，迅速熟悉命题动态，从而帮助考生短时间内掌握考试重点，迅速获得高分秘诀。

5. 模拟考场作战—提升答题技巧考前一个月左右模拟考场进行实战演练，提前适应考场氛围、提升应对考场突发状况的能力，学会合理分配考试作答时间，把握考试节奏，提升答题技巧。

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《厦门大学光电子技术历年考研真题及答案解析》9/45厦门大学2009年招收攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题科目代码：849
科目名称：光电子技术
考生须知：答案必须使用黑（蓝）色墨水（圆珠）笔；不得在试题（草稿）纸上作答；
凡未按规定作答均不予评阅、判分
1、一台5W LD 泵浦全固体Nd ：YAG 激光器，输出波长为1064nm ，问：（1）同荧光灯相比，该光源有哪些特点？（2）如果通过非线性光学技术将其倍频，问倍频光的颜色、光子频率。

（3）如果通过受激拉曼散射技术将基频光和倍频光进行频率下移，假定拉曼频移量为882cm -1，请分别计算基频光和倍频光频移后的激光波长。

2、什么是Pockels 电光效应？KDP 纵向、横向电光调制器的工作原理有何异同？以KDP 横向电光强度调制器为例，若在KDP 晶体上调制电压t U U m ωsin =，U 在线性区内，请写出输出光通量的表达式。

3、某光电倍增管的阴极灵敏度为20μA/lm ，阴极有效面积为2cm 2，光电子收集率为0.98。

共有11级倍增极，各倍增极的二次电子发射系数均相等()4=σ，电子收集率为0.95。

设阳极的电子收集率为1。

当阴极入射光的照度为0.1lx 时，试计算倍增系统的放大倍数和阳极电流。

4、用硒光电池制作照度计的原理如下图。

已知硒光电池在100lx 照度下最佳功率输出时的V m =0.3V ，I m =1.5mA ，如果选用100μA 表头作照度指示，表头内阻为1KΩ，指针满刻度为100lx ，试计算电阻R 1和R 2
值。

5、下图中一理想运算放大器对光电二极管的光电流进行线性放大。

光电二极管未受光照时，运放输出电压V 0=0.6V ；在100lx 的光照下，输出电压为2.4V 。

求（1）光电二极管的暗电流；（2）光电二极管的电流灵敏度。