(附加15套模拟试卷)上海市黄浦区2020届高三英语一模试卷(含答案)

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2020-2021学年上海市黄浦学校高三英语一模试卷及参考答案

2020-2021学年上海市黄浦学校高三英语一模试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AIn his 402nd anniversary year, Shakespeare is still rightly celebrated as a great language master and writer. But he was not the only great master of play writing to die in 1616, and he is certainly not the only writer to have left a lasting influence on theater.While less known worldwide, Tang Xianzu is considered one of Chinas greatest playwrights and is highly spoken of in that country of ancient literary and dramatic traditions.Tang was born in 1550 inLinchuan,Jiangxiprovince. Unlike Shakespeare's large body of plays,poems and sonnets (十四行诗), Tang wrote only four major plays: The Purple Hairpin, Peony Pavilion (《牡丹亭》), A Dream under the Southern bough, and Dream of Handan. The latter three were constructed around a dream narrative, a way through which Tang unlocked the emotional dimension of human desires and ambitions and explored human nature beyond the social and political limits of that time.Similar to Shakespeare, Tang's success rode the wave of a renaissance (复兴) in theater as an artistic practice. As in Shakespeare'sEngland, Tang's works became hugely popular inChinatoo. During Tang'sChina, his plays were enjoyed performed, and changed. Kunqu Opera, a form of musical drama, spread from southernChinato the whole nation and became a symbol of Chinese culture. Combining northern tune and southern music, kunqu Opera was known for its poetic language, music, dance movements and gestures. Tang's works benefited greatly from the popularity of kunqu Opera, and his plays are considered classics of kunqu Opera.While Tang and Shakespeare lived in a world away from each other, there are many things they share in common, such e humanity of their drama, their heroic figures, their love for poetic language, a lasting popularity and the anniversary during which we still celebrate them.1. Why is Shakespeare mentioned in the first paragraph?A. To describe Shakespeare's anniversary.B. To introduce the existence of Tang Xianzu.C. To explain the importance of Shakespeare.D. To suggest the less popularity of Tang Xianzu.2. What's possibly one of the main theme of Tang's works?A. Social reality.B. Female dreams.C. Human emotions.D. Political environment.3. What does the author mainly tell us in Paragraph 4?A. The influence of Kunqu Opera on Tang's works.B. Tang's success in copying Shakespeare's styles.C. The way Kunqu Opera became a symbol of Chinese culture.D. Tang's popularity for his poetic language and music.BA satellite is about to demonstrate a new way of capturing space junk with magnets for the first time. With the frequency of space launches dramatically increasing in recent years, the potential for a disastrous collision above Earth is continually growing. Now, Japanese orbital clean-up company Astroscale is testing a potential solution.The firm's End-of-Life Services by Astroscale demonstration mission is scheduled to lift off on 20 March aboard a Russian Soyuz rocket. It consists of two spacecraft: a smal “client” satellite and a larger “servicer” satellite, or “chaser”. The smaller satellite is equipped with a magnetic (磁力的) plate which allows the chaser todock withit.The two stacked spacecraft will perform three tests once in orbit, each of which will involve the servicer satellite releasing and then recapturing the client satellite. The first test will be the simplest, with the client satellite drifting a short distance away and then being recaptured. In the second test, the servicer satellite will set the client satellite tumbling before catching up with it and matching its motion to grab it.Finally, if those two tests go well, the chaser will live up to its name by letting the client satellite float a few hundred metres away before finding it and attaching to it. All of these tests will be performed autonomously, with little to no human input once they are set in motion.“These kinds of demonstrations have never been done before in space - they are very different to, say, an astronaut controlling a robotic arm on the International Space Station,” says Jason Forshaw at AstroscaleUK.“This is more of an autonomous mission.” At the end of the tests, both spacecraft will burn up in Earth's atmosphere.If companies wanted to use this capability, they would have to attach a magnetic plate to their satellites so they could be captured later. Because of the growing space garbage problem, many countries now require firms to have a way to bring back their satellites once they run out of fuel or fail, so this could be a fairly simple likely plan, Forshaw says. Right now, each chaser can only nab one satellite, but Astroscale is working on a version that coulddrag three or four out of orbit at once.4. Which of the following can replace the underlined word "dock with" in Paragraph 2?A. Deal with.B. Keep up with.C. Join together.D. Crash.5. Why many countries now require firms to have a way to bring back their satellites?A. Because of the growing space waste problem.B. Because the frequency of space launches are dramatically increasing.C. Because they can earn large profits from it.D. Because Astroscale has found a new method of capturing the space garbage.6. What will Astroscale do to solve the space junk problem?A. An astronaut controls a robotic arm on the International Space to capture the “client” satellite.B. Through a magnetic plate remotely controlled by humans on the ground to catch the “client” satellite.C. Finding the "client "satellite and attaching to it with a magnetic plate automatically.D. Tumbling to match the motion of “client satellite the drag three or four satellites out of its orbit into atmosphere.7. What can we infer from the passage?A. People will bum the space junk up in Earth's atmosphere in the future.B. Japan andRussiawill conduct space debris cleanup experiment together.C. These kinds of demonstrations have never been done before.D. The demonstration mission will be divided into three phases.CAn unmanned Chinese spacecraft left the earth on a trip to the planet Mars on Thursday. The launch（发射）marks the start of one of China's most important space explorations. China's national space agency launched the spacecraft called Tianwen-1 fromthe Wenchang Spacecraft Launch Center on Hainan Island.The name Tianwen means “Questions to Heaven” in Chinese. The spacecraft took off on China's largest carrier rocket, the Long March 5, and about 36 minutes later, the spacecraft, including an orbiter（轨道飞行器）and a rover（漫游车），was sent into the Earth-Mars orbit. It is expected to reach the orbit of the red planet next February. Tianwen-1 will finish three scientific goals—orbiting the red planet, landing on the Mars and sending a rover to the landing site.Tianwen-1 carries several scientific instruments to observe the planet's atmosphere and surface. It will do aseries of scientific researches on the planet's soil, geological structure, environment, atmosphere and water. Besides its daily work of exploring the surface of Mars for 90 days, it will also report back to the earth about its experiences on the red planet, which is millions of miles away. According to experts, discovering signs of life will be its first and most important scientific goal.Tianwen-1's successful landing will make China the second nation to place a spacecraft on Mars. The United States has landed eight vehicles on Mars since 1976. China will be the first to successfully orbit, land and place a vehicle in the same mission. This is China's first independent mission to Mars. The task in 2011 failed when a Russian rocket carrying a Chinese orbiter had problems after launch, and was unable to escape the Earth orbit. Last year, China's Chang e-4 spacecraft became the first to make a landing on the far side of the moon.8. When will Tianwen-1 enter the orbit of Mars?A. 36 minutes later.B. Next Thursday.C. In 90 days.D. Next February.9. What is the main task of Tianwen-1 according to experts?A. Orbiting the Mars.B. Landing on the Mars.C. Discovering signs of life.D. Sending a rover to the landing site.10. Which of the following statements is mentioned in the text?A. Tianwen-1 is the second vehicle landed on the Mars.B. The United States is the first to land vehicles on the Mars.C. Russia helped China place Tianwen-1 on the Mars.D. Chang，e-4 was the first to make a landing on the moon.11. Where can you find this article?A. In a newspaper.B. In a diary.C. In a sci-fi novel.D. In a guide book.DThereare two days that set you on your path in life: the day you’re born, and the day you realize why you were born.Growing up south of Chicago in Harvey, Illinois, most people just had their heads down trying to make it from point A to point B. I was the same way, just going with the flow. I played basketball in high school because I was good at it and because other people thought I should until I discovered my talent.I give up basketball and started doing speeches. It wasn’t a popular decision but my grandfather told me todo what made me happy. I fell in love with comedy and performing. And when I discovered the passion, I realized why I was born.I knew I had something to offer —I knew that not only am I powerful, but I can make a difference.I realized a long time ago that my dream is not to be famous or rich. My talent is to entertain. But it’s more than that. I have the chance to reach people, to brighten days, to bring laughter and positive energy into lives and inspire. And I am grateful forit.Acting putting myself out there and having doors closed on me time and time again has taught me a lot about myself. I have learned to trust what I have to offer the world over momentary doubt. I’ve learned to put my faith over my feelings. And I've grown a tough skin. More importantly, I have learned there is a long way towards our goals and that when we put our talents and passion to work, we determine our value.Like a lot of places across the country, there’s poverty, crime, violence and unemployment in Harvey. And growing up there, a lot of people have tragically low expectations for life. But I know that with the right opportunity and with help along the way, everyone can find their passion and go after it. My life is proof.12. What was the author born to do according to the text?A. Be a basketball player.B. Act and perform.C. Make speeches.D. Teach people.13. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 5 refer to?A. Chance.B. Energy.C. Days.D. Laughter.14. What is the author’s purpose of writing this text?A. To help others find their talents.B. To prove his decision was right.C. To inspire people to follow their dreams.D. To encourage people to set a goal.15. What can be the best tile for the text?A. Success Lies in Hard Work.B. How to Achieve the Dream Is Important.C. The Two Important Days in Life.D. The Day I Realized What I Was Born to Do.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

上海市黄浦区2020-2021学年高三上一模考英语卷简答版

黄浦区2020学年度第一学期高三年级期终调研测试英语试卷（完卷时间：120分钟满分：140分）2020年12月第I卷（共100分）I.Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections:In Section A,you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers.At the end of each conversation,a question will be asked about what was said.The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a conversation and the question about it,read the four possible answers on your paper,and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A.Brother and sister. B.Father and daughter.C.Husband and wife.D.Mother and son.2. A.A waiter. B.A manager. C.A salesman. D.A barber.3. A.He enjoys eating it. B.He cares little for it.C.He prefers fried seafood.D.He doesn’t want to taste it.4. A.The goods there were on sale last weekend.B.It’s the woman’s favourite shopping mall.C.It sold out50%of the goods last weekend.D.It’s the cheapest shopping mall nearby.5. A.The woman isn’t satisfied with her clothes’style.B.The woman is most probably pregnant.C.The woman doesn’t like the new family member.D.The woman is trying her best to lose weight.6. A.It is the only property she has.B.Her father asked her not to sell it.C.She inherited it from his father.D.She has nowhere to live after selling it.7. A.Call a repairman to come at once.B.Check the sink in the kitchen first.C.Clear up the kitchen right now.D.Stop the water from running immediately.8. A.She lost her purse. B.She forgot to bring cash.C.She failed to attend the concert.D.She was unable to get the student discount.9. A.Finish checking her reference. plete the research.C.Put the material in order.D.Start typing the paper.10. A.The woman enjoyed the movie very much.B.The woman didn’t sleep well because of the movie.C.The man asked the woman to be careful at night.D.The man invited the woman to go to the theatre together.Section BDirections:In Section B,you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation.After each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions.The passages and the conversation will be read twice,but the questions will be spoken only once.When you hear a question,read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions11through13are based on the following passage.11. A.She wrote several books. B.She managed a farm.C.She was a business woman.D.She worked as a nurse.12. A.101years. B.76years. C.25years. D.22years.13. A.Pictures in plain style. B.A successful art collector.C.A great American artist.D.The secret of living longer.Questions14through16are based on the following passage.14. A.To concentrate for our quiet thought.B.To give full attention to the driving.C.To avoid being caught by the police.D.To be as casual as possible in the driving.15. A.In an elevator. B.At a special hall.C.In a bathroom.D.At a concert.16. A.By listening comprehensively and analytically.B.By taking a sonic bath thoroughly.C.By attending classical concerts frequently.D.By listening to an emotional piece of music.Questions17through20are based on the following conversation.17. A.Inquiring about the details of a trade fair.B.Booking rooms at a hotel.plaining about the hotel room service.D.Giving suggestions on receiving guests.18. A.It’s a busy season for international tourism.B.There aren’t many hotels available in the city.C.An important economic event will occur.D.There is a big conference to be held.19. A.For five days altogether.B.From Dec.11th to Dec.13th.C.From morning to night on Dec.15th.D.A whole day on the fourth day of their stay.20. A.The woman wants to reserve rooms either on the1st or6th floor.B.The woman has to pay1200dollars for all the rooms she has booked.C.Whether the rooms are accessible by wheelchair will affect the woman’s choice.D.Twelve people are most likely to attend the conference to be held on Dec.13th.II.Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage below,fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct.For the blanks with a given word,fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word;for the other blanks,use one word that best fits each blank.Consider the Mechanical PencilIf you used to collect small objects,I’m sure(if you were anything like my younger self)that you used to collect mechanical pencils.In one of the math preparatory classes I(21)______(go)to in elementary and middle school,we used to receive mechanical pencils as prizes for doing well on the in-class exams or answering questions in class.This was(22)______I built up my collection of Cadoozles,which are short mechanical pencils decorated with brightly colored spaceships and ice cream bars.But I’ve long since used up all my Cadoozles and a majority of the mechanical pencils that I(23)______(hide) in an empty mooncake tin so many years before,which makes me reflect fondly back on those old days,when receiving a mechanical pencil was as easy as drinking a glass of water.Mechanical pencils are not only more convenient than your traditional Ticonderoga in the sense that they never need(24)______(sharpen);they also produce thinner,cleaner lines,which is extremely important for drawers and drafters. Furthermore,they are environmentally friendly,since you don’t have to buy(25)______wooden pencil whenever you run out of lead(铅芯).You can simply refill your mechanical pencil!There is only one slight negative I must remark on,(26) ______is that as someone who calls mechanical pencils“lead pencil”in casual conversation,the term“lead pencil”is confusing.Mechanical pencil lead is actually not made from the chemical element lead.It is made from a mixture of graphite and clay,which(27)______not give you lead poisoning.This is contrary to what my third-grade teacher said when she saw my classmate John clicking his mechanical pencil against his index finger out of boredom:“John,stop that!You’re going to get lead poisoning!”I think all the third-graders(and teachers)in the world would feel much(28)______(safe)if they knew what really made up the pencils they use every day.It used to be so easy to grab a mechanical pencil whenever I needed one,but(29)____________the mooncake tin has become increasingly lighter,I have learned to appreciate my writing instruments more.Perhaps I should have collected a few more Cadoozles when I was younger;perhaps I should have appreciated the feeling of holding up the mooncake tin when it was three-quarters full,hoping that there would always be a new pencil for me(30)______(use)tomorrow.Section BDirections:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box.Each word can only be used once.Note that there is one word more than you need.A.threatenedB.designedC.preferencesD.typicallyE.experimentalF.theoreticalG.abandoned H.instruments I.constantly J.extensive K.persuasiveScience Isn’t Always Perfect—But We Should Still Trust ItFrom environment pollution to climate change,we make decisions every day that involve us in scientific claims.Are genetically modified crops safe to eat?Is climate change an emergency?In recent years,many of these issues have become politically polarized,with people rejecting scientific evidence that is opposite their political31.When Greta Thunberg, the youthful climate activist,was asked by one member why we should trust the science,she replied,“because it’s science!”For several decades,there has been a(n)32and organized campaign intended to produce distrust in science, funded by regulated industries and libertarian think-tanks whose interests and beliefs are33by the findings of modern science.In response,scientists have tended to stress the success of science.After all,scientists have been right about most things,from the structure of the universe to the relativity of time and space.That answer isn’t wrong,but for many people it’s not34.After all,just because scientists more than400years ago were right about the structure of the solar system doesn’t prove that a different group of scientists are right about a different issue today.An alternative answer to the question—Why trust science?—is that scientists use“the scientific method.”If you’ve got a high school science textbook lying around the house,you’ll probably find that answer in it.But this answer is wrong. But what is35declared to be the scientific method—develop a hypothesis(假设),then design an experiment to test it—isn’t what scientists actually do.Historians of science have shown that scientists use many different methods,and these methods have changed with time.Science36changes:new methods get invented,old ones get37,and any particular point in time scientists can be found doing many different things.And that’s a good thing,because the so-called scientific method doesn’t work.False theories can produce true results,so even if an experiment works,it doesn’t prove that the theory it was38to test is true.There also might be many different theories that could produce that same39 result.On the contrary,if the experiment fails,it doesn’t prove the theory is wrong;it could be that the experiment was badly conducted or there was a fault in one of the40.III.Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,B,C and D.Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Travelling,at least travelling any considerable distance,means dealing with airports.I’ve seen my share of airports. They come in several41.The smallest I have been through was in the African town of Hoedspruit where the main wa i t i n g ar e a wa s sm a l l e r th a n ma n y sc h o o l cl a s s r o o m s,se c u r i t y an d ti c k e t ch e c k i n g we r e b o t h 42by one person who was also controlling the gate onto the airfield and you had to walk out to the plane and climb the stairs to get in.It was even smaller than Canada’s Moncton airport where the person taking the tickets was also one of the two43on our flight.At the other extreme are the44,modern airports in the world’s major X,in Los Angeles has two parallel runways and provides the unusual opportunity to watch out the window of your landing aircraft as another one lands right beside you.Some,such as Beijing’s Capital International Airport,SeaTac in Seattle and the International Airport in San Francisco,like those in Hong Kong and Shanghai,have45terminals connected by different buses or underground trains.Finding a connecting flight often means changing terminals,which can be a little46.Heathrow airport in London,England,47that bigger is not always better.Heathrow consists of terminals used by various48and is centered around an area that contains stores and restaurants.At Heathrow the tired traveller gets the49that they want you to spend your time in the stores because they won’t announce the gate from which your flight will leave until about an hour before flight time.Given that they start to get people onto the planes half an hour before takeoff that leaves just30minutes to find and50your gate,some of which are a25-minute walk from the store area. There is absolutely no51for this because the airport authorities know even before the day begins how many flightsare arriving and departing and where they plan to put them.If I have just come off one long flight and I’m waiting for another,what I want is a quiet place,not an area52bright lights and noisy shoppers.Travel,for me,is interesting but when I have to fly,getting there is53not half the fun.Airplanes are a very efficient way to move people long distances and airports are a(n)54part of the process.Most airports do their best to provide a good travelling experience but they are to be55,not really enjoyed.41. A.types B.cities C.areas D.sizes42. A.identified B.handled C.promoted D.processed43. A.guards B.astronauts C.pilots D.passengers44. A.tremendous B.crowded C.international D.fashionable45. A.flexible B.multiple C.available D.irregular46. A.exciting B.astonishing C.confusing D.encouraging47. A.regulates B.emphasizes C.encounters D.demonstrates48. A.functions B.departments C.airlines D.authorities49. A.recreation B.presentation C.announcement D.impression50. A.look for B.get to C.meet at D.check out51. A.exception B.doubt C.apology D.excuse52. A.filled with B.dominated by C.decorated with D.recognized by53. A.increasingly B.permanently C.attentively D.definitely54. A.effective B.optional C.necessary D.suitable55. A.simplified B.endured C.declared D.paralleledSection BDirections:Read the following three passages.Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.(A)Sometimes when she felt bored,she would pick up one of the numerous biographies(传记)about herself and begin to note on it.“I never did that”or“simply not true”she would write roughly in the margins at the sides of pages.Since journalists,biographers and more recently even“bloggers”had been writing about her since the day she was born,there was plenty of material to edit.Not that her notes or corrections were ever shared with the tely,however,she even seemed to have lost her appetite for correctness.Did it matter anymore if things were not right?She knew that sitting alone chewing away on downbeat thoughts would not get her anywhere and would leave those around her confused and upset,should they ever catch her out.After all she was the decisive one,always on top of her game.A printed timetable for the following day lay on the table.A full day of openings and presentations,of smiling and nodding and flowers.Shaking herself out of her gray mood,she stepped over towards the computer where a sudden burst of energy gave her an idea.The screen flashed up in front of her but instead of clicking on the familiar icons which would lead her to the emails Randolph had considered she needed to read,she simply went to visit Mr.Google and began her search for train timetable.A dish heaped with multi-coloured jellies and plenty of ice cream,served by a white-gloved train waiter with a perfect moustache.So many years had passed but she still remembered the jelly dissolving on her tongue in small but delicious mouthfuls.Each spoonful had to be lifted delicately to her mouth under the watchful eye of her grandmother,who was a stickler for good manners.It was unlikely that they served jelly on the trains these days,what with all the concern about childhood fatness,but even a Spartan menu could not kill the romance of a train journey.As the timetable for Linehurst line flashed in front of her,she remembered that the Mayor of Alwoy would be expecting her to make a short,predictable speech at the opening of the new bridge.56.Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?A.The main character is probably a journalist writing blogs about royal members.B.The main character is always busy editing plenty of material about herself.C.The authors probably had chances to get the notes or correctness from the main character.D.Randolph is probably an assistant or a secretary to the main character.57.Why does the main character recall the time she ate jellies and ice cream?A.She wishes that she were still a child so that she could eat jellies and ice cream.B.She is reminded of these foods because the thought of a train journey reminds her of them.C.She wishes she still knew where the handsome train waiter was.D.Today’s children aren’t allowed to eat the same things that she ate as a child.58.A“Spartan menu”(paragraph4)would most likely___________________.A.have mainly low fat,healthy foodsB.be suitable for a romantic dinnerC.include a range of sweets,but no jellyD.include foods which are easy to transport59.What is most likely to happen next in this passage?A.The main character will practise her speech for greeting the Mayor of Alwoy.B.The main character will decide to take a rail journey.C.Randolph will send some emails to the main character.D.The main character will update her blog on the internet.(B)Canals have to be built on a level,otherwise the water drains out of them and the canal becomes useless.This was the great problem facing the early canal builders,and they overcame it in different ways.The early engineers like James Brindley simply followed the outlines of the countryside and kept their canals level even though it often meant choosing very roundabout routes.Later engineers,such as Thomas Telford,developed a new technique known as‘cut and fill’in which they fixed a level through very accurate surveying.This allowed them to fill in the hollows on a route with the exact amount of soil they took from the higher ground.By this method,very direct routes could be taken,which cut down the time of a journey very considerably.A good example of this type of canal is Telford’s Liverpool and Birmingham Junction Canal,which he began in1826to provide a direct route from the Midlands to the River Mersey.It was seldom possible to build a completely level canal,of course,whichever method was used,and most canals were provided with locks in which barges were raised or lowered to new levels.If you look at the diagram on the right,you can see a barge being raised in a lock by means of water which was allowed into the lock basin,or pound,from the upper level of the canal.When a barge had to be lowered,water was allowed out of the pound into the lower level of the canal.60.Brindley’s canals were less efficient,most likely because_______________.A.he was not a good canal engineerB.the techniques and skills available at the time were uselessC.his canals were built to keep the water drains outD.they had too many roundabout routes61.According to this passage,why was the‘cut and fill’technique designed?A.The outlines of the land could not be followed directly.B.It could make travelling distances shorter and save journey time.C.New surveying techniques had been invented successfully.D.The distance between the Midlands and River Mersey is great.62.Locks are needed in canals to_______________.A.help boats to travel in both directionsB.keep water levels changing all the timeC.allow large ships to travel in canalsD.transfer boats across differing water levels(C)In the ancient world,the practice of medicine was inescapably linked to supernatural belief and magic.That was until the Greeks made advances in the field and brilliant figures such as Hippocrates laid the foundations for our medicine today. Recognized as the father of modern medicine,Hippocrates realised what seems obvious to us today—that the observation and noting of symptoms is primary.He travelled across Greece teaching medicine,encouraging the view that disease had physical,not supernatural,explanations.Medical students still take the Hippocratic Oath,a formal promise made by new doctors that they will follow the standards set by their profession and try to preserve life,swearing to use their skills to heal and do no harm.One of Hippocrates’theories was of the‘four humours’,a belief that disease was caused by an imbalance of the four liquids supposedly contained in the human body—blood,phlegm,and black and yellow bile(a liquid produced by your organ which helps you to digest fat).Blood-letting was a common response to illness and was used until only150years ago in the mistaken belief that it would restore the body’s internal balance.But while the Greeks may have been wrong about the bleeding and the bile,they were still the first civilization to understand that diseases could be treated by using careful observation and logical thought.Aristotle,political theorist,philosopher and teacher,also studied the natural world from a scientific point of view.He was the first to classify organisms,and although his method may seem simple now,he divided them into two basic categories,as either plant or animal—he was the first to do so.Aristotle valued experimentation and discovered that evaporation,the process of becoming a vapour,turned salt water into fresh water.He was also a believer in the theory that all matter is composed of four elements—fire,earth,water and air.Hippocrates believed the four humours,related to the four liquids in the body,were each in line with an organ,a season and with different moods.The four were based on the Greeks’idea of four base elements(air,water,fire,earth).Although discredited now,the humours formed the basis of western medicine until the18th century.They were: -Blood from the liver:associated with Spring;with courage and hope-Phlegm from brain and lungs:Winter;calm and unemotional-Yellow bile from gall bladder(胆囊):Summer;anger and bad temper-Black bile from spleen(脾脏):Autumn;with blue and dark mood63.Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the passage?A.It was the Greeks that made advances in the field of practice of medicine in the ancient world.B.The Hippocratic Oath is a formal promise made by new doctors to swear their responsibilities.C.Hippocrates thought disease was caused by an imbalance of the four liquids contained in the human body.D.Hippocrates was the first to believe diseases could be treated by careful observation and logical thought.64.The practice of blood-letting was based on the belief that____________.A.the blood was polluted by virusesB.the human body was not evenly balancedC.the patient was in a bad humourD.too much blood was bad for people65.How did Aristotle find out that salt water can be turned into fresh water?A.He studied many books from a scientific point of view.B.He drew the conclusion according to the two basic categories.C.He made the discovery based on conducting experiments himself.D.He believed that all matter consists of four base elements.66.Why is Hippocrates considered the founder of modern medicine?A.He proved that there are four base elements in all matter in the world.B.He showed the procedure of how the four bodily liquids affected moods.C.He insisted that almost all diseases had supernatural explanations.D.He recognized the importance of the observation and noting of symptoms.Section CDirections:Read the following passage.Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box.Each sentence can be used only once.Note that there are two more sentences than you need.IV.Summary Writing71.Directions:Read the following passage.Summarize the main idea and the main point(s)of the passage in no more than e your own words as far as possible.Singapore’s Information Technology StrategySingapore’s information technology strategy rests on two major legs.The first leg is world-class basic facilities.Being a city-state,it is relatively easy to connect every home,office and hotel room.Our objective is to provide broad-band everywhere,either wired or wireless.We will make it a readily available utility like water,electricity,gas and telephone.We are well on our way there.We now require,by regulation,every new home to be equipped with broad-band in the same way as it is required to have water and electricity.The second leg is the education of our entire population in IT(information technology).Like reading,writing and arithmetic,computers are best learnt when we are young.Today’s children can click the mouse faster than we can blink.In many countries,children of middle-class families have no difficulty with this new technology.But,without special effort, there is a danger that children of poorer families will miss out on the opportunity to learn IT.Like the piano and violin,one can still learn the computer as an adult.But rarely does one acquire the same facility.The strategy in Singapore is thereforeto teach information technology to every child regardless of his family background.The Education Ministry now has a multi-billion dollar programme to provide one computer for every2schoolchildren in Singapore from first grade onwards. Every teacher will have a notebook.Most Singaporeans now understand the importance of IT,if not for themselves,at least for their children and grandchildren.Over40%of households in Singapore now own PCs.Over one-third of households in Singapore already enjoy access to Internet.What we want is for every Singaporean to be computer literate so that he can function effectively in any bank,factory or restaurant,just as one would expect an employee to be able to read,write and count.An employer in Singapore in the future should not have to worry that his employee does not know how to use a computer or the Internet.第II卷（共40分）V.TranslationDirections:Translate the following sentences into English,using the words given in the brackets.72.如天公作美，周末我们就去郊游。

2020届上海市黄浦区高三上学期期末调研测试英语试题

2020年上海市黄浦区高考英语一模试卷I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections：In Section A，you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation，a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it，read the four possible answers onyour paper，and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1．（1分）A．In a cosmetics shop．B．In a hospital．C．In a nutrition department．D．In a supermarket．2．（1分）A．Boss and secretary．B．Editor and publisher．C．Student and professor．D．Writer and reader．3．（1分）A．Open a wedding company．B．Try a new restaurant．C．Run his own bakery．D．Buy some insurance．4．（1分）A．The package is too big to deliver．B．The delivery can be made automatically．C．The woman will have lunch with the man．D．The man can make the delivery tomorrow morning．5．（1分）A．He was most difficult to satisfy．B．He set many special requirements．C．He inspected the project regularly．D．He was as common as other customers．6．（1分）A．An amazing book．B．A great woman．C．A scientific field．D．A strong voice．7．（1分）A．He himself is a big fan of Hepburn．B．He does not think the girl is like Hepburn．C．He felt puzzled by girls' love for Hepburn．D．He does not know anything about Hepburn．8．（1分）A．When to do mind﹣wandering．B．Where to have physical activities．C．How to keep attentive in a lecture．D．How to take notes in a lecture．9．（1分）A．Ordinary．B．Practical．C．Disturbing．D．Unrealistic．10．（1分）A．Decorating the company．B．Finishing a painting．C．Preparing a presentation．D．Restructuring the budget．Section BDirections：In Section B，you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation. After each passage or conversation，you will be asked several questions. The passages and the conversation will be read twice，but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question，read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.11．（4.5分）（1）A．2．B．11．C．21．D．30．（2）A． A horse．B．A dog．C．A pig．D．A cat．（3）A．More annoyed．B．Less anxious．C．More frightened．D．Less shocked．12．（4.5分）（1）A．Its clear aim．B．Its evaluation process．C．Its numerous applications．D．Its solid foundation．（2）A．In 1954．B．In 2013．C．In 2018．D．In 2000．（3）A．Its location and area．B．The categories of its collections．C．Its official WeChat account．D．The visiting experience it offers．13．（6分）（1）A．Consumer and gender．B．Age groups and activities．C．Sports and facilities．D．Training time and trend．（2）A．Cycling．B．Jogging．C．Skiing．D．Swimming．（3）A．18﹣26．B．27﹣35．C．36﹣45．D．46﹣55．（4）A．To determine which item deserves priority．B．To get ideas for a more appealing slogan design．C．To know about teenagers' leisure sporting activities．D．To see which age group is at the top of consumption capability．II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections：After reading the passage below，fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word，fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word；for the other blanks，use one word that best fits each blank.14．（10分）Asleep on a plane：a case for window seatsI love to sleep on planes，and I have an unusual ability to sleep well on them．Therehave even been one or two occasions （1）I have fallen asleep before takeoff and awakened upon the impact of landing，not having realized we had even left the ground．So when （2）（book）my flights，I always choose the window seat whenever possible．This allows me to lean my sleepy head against the wall of the plane for a bit （3）（much）comfort．Some （4）argue that the aisle （走廊）seat is superior for the leg space and the ability to get off swiftly and eye the snack cart．But in reality，we're all getting our drinks and snacks （5）seconds．Also，I find that if a person knows he's in a window seat，he'll choose to use the bathroom before boarding so that he （6）（not need）to disturb his neighbor，which is just considerate．And he'll seize the opportunity to get up when another seatmate gets up so that the seatmate needn't （7）（bother）more than once．As a photographer and visually oriented person，the window seat gives me the best views of cottony clouds，or a great sunset，or golden sunrise，etc．Most of all，（8）I've been flying for years，I still get pleasure of seeing my departing city or country （9）（shrink）into the distance，and the butterflies in my stomach when I see the horizon of my destination come into view．And those feelings of adventure and excitement are （10）keep me coming back，flight after flight，to my window seat．Section BDirections：Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.15．（10分）A．access B．arise C．attachment D．definitely E．partner F．potentialG．shape H．stimulated I．subconsciously J．traditional K．unbankedBeyond Mobile Money：The Future of Asia's FinTechMobile money has been the hottest part in financial technology for the last few years．But FinTech is more than just how people store money and transact（交易）﹣the space is much more horizontal，shortcutting how we create，share，and protect value．The latest product of FinTech companies to （1）in Asia Pacific illustrates the many ways the space can help consumers beyond just their mobile wallet．It is important for all businesspersons to be aware of these trends，as their success opens up all sorts of possibilities for companies to （2）with them．And，on a much deeper level，new FinTechs may （3）consumer expectations in even other tech industries．The Smartphone Emerges as a Credit﹣Scoring StandardWith close to half a billion （4）consumers in Southeast Asia alone，there is an entire industry of FinTechs devoted to finding ways to accurately determine their credit﹣worthiness to give them （5）to finance．Unfortunately，since they don't have bank accounts，such FinTechs cannot rely on （6）financial information or credit card payments．One credit scoring source emerging as a new standard in the field is smartphone﹣based credit scoring．It has （7）broad global support，including from the likes of the World Bank．In one of its reports，the Asian Development Bank even stated that mobile data was a key to financial （8），as it could improve customer recording，and，in turn，get an access to credit．AI Combines with the Wisdom of the CrowdThe most common slogan in today's tech headlines is the "artificial intelligence"．Readers are fascinated with how AI has the （9）to transform every consumer and enterprise （企业）industry．While such focus is appropriate that AI will （10）change the world，it leaves out a crucial element that will go hand﹣in﹣hand with its rise：the wisdom of the crowd．III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections：For each blank in the following passag，there are four words or phrases marked A，B，C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.16．（15分）Endangered languages can be found throughout the world．Many languages now have fewer than 100 or even fewer than 10 speakers．The crisis is not limited to remote regions of the world．When Europeans first arrived in North America，312 different languages were （1），of which 123 are now known to be extinct．Of the （2）languages，most speakers are grandparents and great﹣grandparents．Different researchers offer different definitions of "endangered"．The system of （3）used by the Catalogue of Endangered Languages evaluates languages in four areas：the （4）of all the speakers，how often the language is conveyed to the next （5），the rate at which it is losing speakers and the（6）in which it is used．Based on this data，languages are ranked on a six﹣point scale from "safe" to "severely endangered．" The midpoint，"endangered" refers to a language with between 100 and 1，000 speakers who represent about half of the language's community or ethnic group．The language is spoken only by some parents，of whom very few teach it to their children．It is （7）used at home and is not taught in schools or used for government business．Languages become endangered due to a number of （8）factors including globalization，economics，technology，education policy，and changes in （9）attitudes．As the forces of globalization make the world more interconnected，previously （10）language communities come under pressure to participate in a larger economy，which means learning the area's majority language．（11），local schools often begin to teach the majority language instead of the local tongue．Local languages also （12）as communities adopt mobile phones and computers，most of which run on software that has been translated into only a handful of languages．This trend （13）as these devices connect users to the Internet．At this point，many communities undergo a cultural （14）in which parents no longer value the language enough to teach it to their children．Initiatives to （15）endangered languages have become more numerous in recent years．These efforts tend to focus on two main areas：the documentation of endangered languages，and efforts to increase the use of endangered languages among younger speakersand in the community at large．（1）A．at hand B．at risk C．in use D．in view（2）A．ancient B．evolving C．local D．surviving（3）A．assessment B．classification C．description D．research（4）A．age B．background C．number D．religion（5）A．committee B．century C．generation D．government （6）A．content B．occupations C．situations D．themes（7）A．advisedly B．efficiently C．primarily D．rarely（8）A．balancing B．complicating C．historical D．interrelated （9）A．cultural B．mental C．moral D．religious（10）A．foreign B．informal C．isolated D．national（11）A．For example B．In contrast C．In response D．Vice versa （12）A．boom B．develop C．disappear D．suffer（13）A．ceases B．changes C．increases D．starts（14）A．difference B．influence C．shift D．variety（15）A．enrich B．purify C．refresh D．standardize Section BDirections：Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A，B，C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.17．（8分）Many of China's ancient architectural treasures smashed to dust before Lin Huiyin and Liang Sicheng began documenting them in the 1930s．The husband and wife team were among the first preservationists to operate in China，and by far the best known．Their efforts have since inspired generations of people to speak out for architecture threatened by the rush toward development．Becoming China's best architectural historians was no easy accomplishment．The buildings they wanted to save were centuries old，located in distant parts of the country．In many cases，they had to journey through dangerous conditions in the Chinese countryside toreach them．Exploring China's remote areas during the 1930s meant traveling muddy，poorly maintained roads by mule（骡子）or on foot．Inns were often dirty，food could be polluted，and there was always risk of violence from rebels，soldiers and robbers．Their greatest discovery was the Temple of Buddha's Light，in Wutai County，Shanxi Province．Thebreathtaking wooden temple was built in 857 A．D．，making it the oldest building known in China at the time．Liang and Lin crawled into the temple's most forbidding，forgotten areas to determine its age，including one hideaway inhabited by thousands of bats and millions of bedbugs，covered in dust and littered with dead bats．"In complete darkness and among the awful smell，hardly breathing，with thick masks covering our noses and mouths，we measured，drew，and photographed with flashlights for several hours．When at last we came out to take a breath of fresh air，we found hundreds of bedbugs in our bag．We ourselves had been badly bitten．Yet the importance and unexpectedness of our find made those the happiest hours of my years hunting for ancient architecture．" Liang wrote of the experience in an account included in "Liang and Lin：Partners in Exploring China's Architectural Past．"（1）On their way to the ancient buildings in 1930s，Liang and Lin faced following risks EXCEPT．A．accommodationsB．personal securityC．road conditionsD．vehicles（2）Liang and Lin raised public awareness of．A．documenting smashed historical buildingsB．rebuilding historically valuable buildingsC．saving the oldest temples in ChinaD．protecting historical buildings（3）While exploring the Temple of Buddha's Light，．A．Liang and Lin caught insects with awful smellB．Liang and Lin were forbidden to breathe insideC．Liang and Lin were pleased at something unhoped forD．Liang and Lin determined its age by studying bedbugs' hideaway（4）Which of the following is the best title for the passage？A．Creativeness results in discoveryB．Difficulty produces achievementC．Efforts contribute to happinessD．Responsibilities make development18．（6分）Get true﹣to﹣life photos and increased adaptability．Produce true colors，and set up，connect，and print right from your mobile device．Go from memory card to photo printout with ease．HP Photo and Document All﹣in﹣One Printers are designed for families and other home users who want a device capable of printing everything from documents，emails and webpages to rich，bright lab﹣quality photos﹣with copy and scan tools too．Active security enabled printer．Intended to be used with containers using only HP original electronic electrical system．Containers with modified or non﹣HP electronic circuitry may not work，and those that work today may not work in the future．Twice as many photosPrint up to twice as many pages with Original HP high﹣yield ink containers．HP 64 ink containers deliver true colors so all your prints will shine．Create splendid borderless photos and leaflets﹣right in your home．The power of your printer in your handPrinting photos just got easier ﹣from social media，the cloud，and your camera﹣roll gallery．Amazing scanning，now on your smartphone．Scan and share to email or the cloud ﹣from virtually anywhere．Ordering ink has never been easier ﹣directly through the app．Easily print photos and everyday documents directly from your smartphone or tablet．A new level of wireless connectivity you can count onGet simple Wi﹣Fi® setup in minutes，and start printing fast．Return & exchange informationHP．com will accept returns or exchanges for this product up to 30 days after delivery．A restocking fee may apply．（1）Which statement is true of this type of printer？A．It is a portable printer designed for home and office use．B．It is a multi﹣function printer producing high﹣quality photos．C．It is an easy﹣operation printer with a two﹣year free care pack．D．It is a wireless﹣connected printer protected by modified containers．（2）Which of the following words best describe its "ink container"？A．Adaptable．B．Automatic．C．Cost﹣effective．D．Eco﹣friendly．（3）If you order this type of printer online today，．A．you will receive it tomorrowB．you can return it without being chargedC．you can get a care pack on discountD．you can save﹩8019．（8分）①Risk is something we face daily．However，some people are obviously more willing to take risks than others．②Biologists appear to have discovered a physical reason that explains why some people arerisk﹣takers．Dopamine is a neurotransmitter，a chemical that spreads signals between nerve cells．It is linked to the brains reward system and is the chemical that makes us feel good，and scientists believe it to be linked to risk﹣taking．Our nerve cells have dopamine receptors（接收器）which control the amount of dopamine that each cell receives．But not all receptors may be active．When a person has few active receptors to control the amount of dopamine that is received，a cell can become flooded resulting in an extreme feeling of happiness．③Researchers at Vanderbilt University and Albert Einstein College of Medicine asked 34 menand women to complete a questionnaire about their risk taking to assess whether they seek new opportunities or are cautious in life．The results of the research were consistent with similar studies carried out with rats，and had the same outcome．It concluded that people who are risk﹣takers have fewer dopamine receptors than people who are not．This suggests that the rush of pleasure a risk taker receives when a cell becomes flooded with dopamine can become addictive for some people．They therefore pursue new and exciting activities in order to try to repeat this feeling，and as a result their concern for risk becomes considerably reduced．④Dopamine gives us a biological reason for risk﹣taking，but scientists believe there may bepsychological reasons too．Sensation﹣seeking is a personality characteristic that describes the desire to find activities that bring us pleasure．In 1964，psychologist Marvin Zuckerman created the sensation﹣seeking scale．His 40﹣item questionnaire，still used today，was given to people who were active in seeking new activities，and to people who were more satisfied with a quiet life．While risk﹣taking is not a characteristic in itself，it is very much associated with sensation﹣seeking，as a high sensation﹣seeker does not evaluate risk in thesame way that a low sensation﹣seeker does．A desire to achieve pleasure means that there isa greater willingness to take more risks．⑤There are both biological and psychological explanations as to why some people maychoose to takemore risks than others．However，none of these explanations are definitive．（1）If a person has fewer active dopamine receptors，．A．he is less likely to feel happyB．he is more willing to take risksC．he will eventually become dopamine﹣addictiveD．he is poorer at controlling the amount of dopamine（2）The underlined phrase "consistent with" is closest to "" in meaning．A．contrary toB．in agreement withC．at the cost ofD．persistent in（3）What can be concluded from paragraph 4？A．The longing for pleasure may lead to risk taking．B．A willingness to take more risks can be cultivated．C．The sensation﹣seeking scale can help to evaluate risk．D．High sensation﹣seekers are more common than low ones．（4）This passage mainly talks about．A．when we learn to take risksB．how risk﹣taking benefits usC．what makes risk﹣takersD．why we should take risksSection CDirections：Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.20．（8分）A．Many options require city﹣level investment in new facilities．B．However，it is not yet clear which technologies and fuels cities will back．C．Through their actions，city governments today are helping to shape the cities of the future．D．For example，London is requiring all newly licensed taxis to be zero﹣emission capable from 2018．E．City planners are using transport﹣oriented development to increase density while maintaining quality of life and property value．F．Some cities，such as Delhi，are investing heavily in creating the mass transport systems needed tochange how citizens travel．Sustainable Transport in CitiesTransport has always shaped cities．In Medieval times crossroads gave birth to blooming market towns．Many North American cities were created for the car．But how are the cities of today being shaped by a need for more sustainable transport？Many local governments are speeding up change through policy initiatives such as joined transport，congestion charges and low emission zones，sustainable gaining and lifecycle costing，and opening data up to companies and academics．And these city level policies can move markets in more sustainable directions．（1）This has resulted in five vehicle manufacturers committing to meeting that deadline，which is both in their own commercial interests and good for the environment．The least dense cities，for example，Houston，have per capita（人均的）carbon emissions nearly ten times higher than the densest，such as Singapore．（2）This involves gathering mixed use developments around a key transport center，as with the KL Central area in Kuala Lumpur，built around the largest railway station in Southeast Asia．（3）Others are using motivations and behavioural change to encourage people to choose more efficient﹣and often healthier﹣forms of transport．Copenhagen has a number of progressive cycling policies including the Green Wave，which allows people cycling at 20km/h to hit all green lights during rush hour．Light weighting and new engine and fuel technologies are helping to make existing road and rail vehicles more efficient．（4）The main options are hydrogen fuel cells，fossil fuel hybrids，and electric vehicles，and the best solution may well vary from city to city．IV. Summary Writing21．（15分）Directions：Read the following passage．Summarize the main idea and the main point（s）of the passage in no more than 60 words．Use your own words as far as possible．Online "friends" ﹣a threat to developmentThe impact of technology on the nature of our friendships has been a much﹣debated topic since the dramatic rise of social networks．Advances in mobile technology and social networking websites mean we spend more time online than ever before．It is therefore not surprising that so many psychologists，sociologists，and others are eager to give their thoughts on how this is impacting negatively on our society．There is one element of social networking that is deeply worrying．We find ourselves in a hyper﹣connected world where people access social media day and night，excited to make announcements about the tiniest details of their lives．Research is starting to show that this culture is negatively affecting not our friendships but our character．Professor Larry D．Rosen says that young people who overuse social networking sites can become ineffective，aggressive，and display anti﹣social behavior in their offline lives．But perhaps an even more disturbing effect is that one of our most basic emotions seems to be disappearing ﹣empathy．This is the emotion that allows us to see the world from our friends' points of view．Without it，we are far less able to connect and form meaningful adult relationships．Professor Sherry Turkle suggests that people are no longer comfortable being alone．This is something confirmed by a study where 200 university students were asked to go without social media for 24 hours．Many admitted an addiction to their online social network；most complained that they felt cut off from family and friends．And yet being alone is a time when we self﹣reflect and get in touch with who we really are．It is only when we do this that we can make meaningful friendships with others．These potential changes in our characters are rather alarming，so it is clear that we can't neglect thosenegative impacts of social networks．V. TranslationDirections：Translate the following sentences into English，using the words given in the brackets.22．（2.5分）这些安全措施仍将继续实施至下月初．（remain）23．（2.5分）完善自我是一个抽象的理想，无法激励一些学生真正对抗惰性．（incapable）24．（2.5分）由于缺乏受过专业训练的教师，一些美国学校很难加入汉语教学的竞争．（shortage）25．（2.5分）如今，病人能很便捷地下载他们的医疗记录以获取诸如检测结果之类的信息，大大节省了时间和人力．（so…that）VI. Guided Writing26．（25分）Directions：Write an English composition in 120﹣150 words according to the instructions given below inChinese．假设你是李明，你校正在进行高三年级的课程微调，准备将周三下午的第四节课设置为"艺术欣赏类课程（art appreciation）"或者"学科拓展类课程（subject expansion）"，现广泛征求高三同学的意见．请发一封邮件至校长信箱（邮件中请不要出现真实的校名和姓名），你的邮件内容需包括：（1）你建议校方设置以上两类课程中的哪一类；（2）你的理由；（3）你希望此类课程包含哪些内容．2020年上海市黄浦区高考英语一模试卷参考答案与试题解析I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections：In Section A，you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation，a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it，read the four possible answers onyour paper，and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1．（1分）A．In a cosmetics shop．B．In a hospital．C．In a nutrition department．D．In a supermarket．【分析】略【解答】D【点评】略2．（1分）A．Boss and secretary．B．Editor and publisher．C．Student and professor．D．Writer and reader．【分析】略【解答】C【点评】略3．（1分）A．Open a wedding company．B．Try a new restaurant．C．Run his own bakery．D．Buy some insurance．【分析】略【解答】C【点评】略4．（1分）A．The package is too big to deliver．B．The delivery can be made automatically．C．The woman will have lunch with the man．D．The man can make the delivery tomorrow morning．【分析】略【解答】D【点评】略5．（1分）A．He was most difficult to satisfy．B．He set many special requirements．C．He inspected the project regularly．D．He was as common as other customers．【分析】略【解答】A【点评】略6．（1分）A．An amazing book．B．A great woman．C．A scientific field．D．A strong voice．【分析】略【解答】B【点评】略7．（1分）A．He himself is a big fan of Hepburn．B．He does not think the girl is like Hepburn．C．He felt puzzled by girls' love for Hepburn．D．He does not know anything about Hepburn．【分析】略【解答】C【点评】略8．（1分）A．When to do mind﹣wandering．B．Where to have physical activities．C．How to keep attentive in a lecture．D．How to take notes in a lecture．【分析】略【解答】C【点评】略9．（1分）A．Ordinary．B．Practical．C．Disturbing．D．Unrealistic．【分析】略【解答】D【点评】略10．（1分）A．Decorating the company．B．Finishing a painting．C．Preparing a presentation．D．Restructuring the budget．【分析】略【解答】C【点评】略Section BDirections：In Section B，you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation. After each passage or conversation，you will be asked several questions. The passages and the conversation will be read twice，but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question，read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.11．（4.5分）（1）A．2．B．11．C．21．D．30．（2）A． A horse．B．A dog．D．A cat．（3）A．More annoyed．B．Less anxious．C．More frightened．D．Less shocked．【分析】略【解答】11﹣13ACB【点评】略12．（4.5分）（1）A．Its clear aim．B．Its evaluation process．C．Its numerous applications．D．Its solid foundation．（2）A．In 1954．B．In 2013．C．In 2018．D．In 2000．（3）A．Its location and area．B．The categories of its collections．C．Its official WeChat account．D．The visiting experience it offers．【分析】略【解答】14﹣16BCB【点评】略13．（6分）（1）A．Consumer and gender．B．Age groups and activities．C．Sports and facilities．D．Training time and trend．（2）A．Cycling．B．Jogging．D．Swimming．（3）A．18﹣26．B．27﹣35．C．36﹣45．D．46﹣55．（4）A．To determine which item deserves priority．B．To get ideas for a more appealing slogan design．C．To know about teenagers' leisure sporting activities．D．To see which age group is at the top of consumption capability．【分析】略【解答】17﹣20BBDA【点评】略II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections：After reading the passage below，fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word，fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word；for the other blanks，use one word that best fits each blank.14．（10分）Asleep on a plane：a case for window seatsI love to sleep on planes，and I have an unusual ability to sleep well on them．Therehave even been one or two occasions （1）when I have fallen asleep before takeoff and awakened upon the impact of landing，not having realized we had even left the ground．So when （2）booking（book）my flights，I always choose the window seat whenever possible．This allows me to lean my sleepy head against the wall of the plane for a bit （3）more（much）comfort．Some （4）may argue that the aisle （走廊）seat is superior for the leg space and the ability to getoff swiftly and eye the snack cart．But in reality，we're all getting our drinks and snacks （5）within / in seconds．Also，I find that if a person knows he's in a window seat，he'll choose to use the bathroom before boarding so that he （6）won't need（not need）to。

上海市黄浦区2020届高三一模英语卷(含答案)

上海市黄浦区2020届高三一模英语卷2019年12月Ⅱ.Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage below,fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct.For the blanks with a given word,fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word;for the other blanks,use one word that best fits each blank.Asleep on a plane:a case for window seatsI love to sleep on planes,and I have an unusual ability to sleep well on them.There have even been one or two occasions(21)________I have fallen asleep before takeoff and awakened upon the impact of landing,not having realized we had even left the ground.So when(22)________(book)my flights,I always choose the window seat whenever possible. This allows me to lean my sleepy head against the wall of the plane for a bit(23)________(much)comfort.Some(24)________argue that the aisle（走廊）seat is superior for the leg space and the ability to get off swiftly and eye the snack cart.But in reality,we’re all getting our drinks and snacks(25)________seconds.Also,I find that if a person knows he’s in a window seat,he’ll choose to use the bathroom before boarding so that he(26)________(not need) to disturb his neighbor,which is just considerate.And he’ll seize the opportunity to get up when another seatmate gets up so that the seatmate needn’t(27)________(bother)more than once.As a photographer and visually oriented person,the window seat gives me the best views of cottony clouds,or a great sunset,or golden sunrise,etc.Most of all,(28)________________I’ve been flying for years,I still get pleasure of seeing my departing city or country(29)________(shrink)into the distance,and the butterflies in my stomach when I see the horizon of my destination come into view.And those feelings of adventure and excitement are(30)________keep me coming back,flight after flight,to my window seat.Section BDirections:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box.Each word can only be used once.Note that there is one word more than you need.A.accessB.ariseC.attachmentD.definitelyE.partnerF.potentialG.shape H.stimulated I.subconsciously J.traditional K.unbankedBeyond Mobile Money:The Future of Asia’s FinTechMobile money has been the hottest part in financial technology for the last few years.But FinTech is more than just how people store money and transact（交易）--the space is much more horizontal,short cutting how we create,share,and protect value.The latest product of FinTech companies to__31__in Asia Pacific illustrates the many ways the space can help consumers beyond just their mobile wallet.It is important for all businesspersons to be aware of these trends,as their success opens up all sorts of possibilities for companies to__32__with them.And,on a much deeper level,new FinTechs may__33__consumer expectations in even other tech industries.The Smart-phone Emerges a Credit-Scoring StandardWith close to half a billion__34__consumers in Southeast Asia alone,there is an entire industry of FinTechsdevoted to finding ways to accurately determine their credit-worthiness to give them__35__to finance.Unfortunately, since they don’t have bank accounts,such FinTechs cannot rely on__36__financial information or credit card payments.One credit scoring source emerging as a new standard in the field is smart-phone-based credit scoring.It has __37__broad global support,including from the likes of the World-Bank.In one of its reports,the Asian Development Bank even stated that mobile data was a key to financial__38__,as it could improve customer recording,and,in turn,get an access to credit.AI Combines with the Wisdom of the CrowdThe most common slogan in today’s tech headlines is the“artificial intelligence.”Readers are fascinated with how AI has the__39__to transform every consumer and enterprise（企业）industry.While such focus is appropriate that AI will __40__change the world,it leaves out a crucial element that will go hand-in-hand with its rise:the wisdom of the crowd.Ⅲ.Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections:For each blank in the following passage,there are four words or phrases marked A,B,C and D.Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Endangered languages can be found throughout the world.Many languages now have fewer than100or even fewer than10speakers.The crisis is not limited to remote regions of the world.When Europeans first arrived in North America,312different languages were__41__,of which123are now known to be extinct.Of the__42__languages,most speakers are grandparents and great-grandparents.Different researchers offer different definitions of“endangered”.The system of__43__used by the Catalogue of Endangered Languages evaluates languages in four areas:the__44__of all the speakers,how often the language is conveyed to the next__45__,the rate at which it is losing speakers and the__46__in which it is used.Based on this data, languages are ranked on a six-point scale from“safe”to“severely endangered.”The midpoint,“endangered”refers to language with between100and1,000speakers who represent about half of the language’s community or ethnic group.The language is spoken only by some parents,of whom very few teach it to their children.It is__47__used at home and is not taught in schools or used for government business.Languages become endangered due to a number of__48__factors including globalization,economics,technology, education policy,and changes in__49__attitudes.As the forces of globalization make the world more interconnected, previously__50__language communities come under pressure to participate in a larger economy,which means learning the area’s majority language.__51__,local schools often begin to teach the majority language instead of the local tongue.Local languages also__52__as communities adopt mobile phones and computers most of which run on software that has been translated into only a handful of languages.This trend__53__as these devices connect users to the Internet.At this point, many communities undergo a cultural__54__in which parents no longer value the language enough to teach it to their children.Initiatives to__55__endangered languages have become more numerous in recent years.These efforts tend to focus on two main areas:the documentation of endangered languages,and efforts to increase the use of endangered languages among younger speakers and in the community at large.41.A.at hand B.at risk C.in use D.in view42.A.ancient B.evolving C.local D.surviving43.A.assessment B.classification C.description D.research44.A.age B.background C.number D.religionmittee B.century C.generation ernment46.A.content B.occupations C.situations D.themes47.A.advisedly B.efficiently C.primarily D.rarely48.A.balancing plicating C.historical D.interrelated49.A.cultural B.mental C.moral D.religious50.A.foreign rmal C.isolated D.national51.A.For example B.In contrast C.In response D.Vice versa52.A.boom B.develop C.disappear D.suffer53.A.ceases B.changes C.increases D.starts54.A.difference B.influence C.shift D.variety55.A.enrich B.purify C.refresh D.standardizeSection BDirections:Read the following three passages.Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.(A)Many of China’s ancient architectural treasures smashed to dust before Lin Huiyin and Liang Sicheng began documenting them in the1930s.The husband and wife team were among the first preservationists to operate in China,and by far the best known.Their efforts have since inspired generations of people to speak out for architecture threatened by the rush toward development.Becoming China’s best architectural historians was no easy accomplishment.The buildings they wanted to save were centuries old located in distant parts of the country.In many cases,they had to journey through dangerous conditions in the Chinese countryside to reach them.Exploring China’s remote areas during the1930s meant traveling muddy,poorly maintained roads by mule（骡子）or on foot.Inns were often dirty food could be polluted,and there was always risk or violence from rebels,soldiers and robbers.Their greatest discovery was the Temple of Buddha’s Light,in Wutai County,Shanxi Province.The breathtaking wooden temple was built in857A.D.,making it the oldest building known in China at the time.Liang and Lin crawled into the temple’s most forbidding,forgotten areas to determine its age,including one hideaway inhibited by thousands or bats and millions of bedbugs,covered in dust and littered with dead bats.“In complete darkness and among the awful smell,hardly breathing,with thick masks covering our noses and mouths,we measured,drew, and photographed with flashlights for several hours.When at last we came out to take a breath of fresh air,we found hundreds of bedbugs in our bag.We ourselves had been badly bitten.Yet the importance and unexpectedness of our find made those the happiest hours of my years hunting for ancient architecture.”Liand wrote of the experience in an account included in“Liang and Lin;Partners in Exploring China’s Architectual Past.”56.On their way to the ancient buildings in1930s,Liang and Lin faced following risks EXCEPT________.A.accommodationsB.personal securityC.road conditionsD.vehicles57.Liang and Lin raised public awareness of________.A.documenting smashed historical buildingsB.rebuilding historically valuable buildingsC.saving the oldest temples in ChinaD.Protecting historical buildings.58.While exploring the Temple of Buddha’s Light,________A.Liang and Lin caught insects with awful smell.B.Liang and Lin were forbidden to breathe insideC.Liang and Lin were pleased at something unhoped forD.Liang and Lin determined its age by studying bedbug’s hideaway59.Which of the following is the best title for the passage?A.Creativeness results in discoveryB.Difficulty produces achievementC.Efforts contribute to happinessD.Responsibilities make development(B)HP ENVY Photo7155All-in-One PrinterSpecial offers:Free shipping!●Print,Scan,Copy,Web,Photo●Print speed ISO:Up to14ppm black,up to9ppm color●Go from memory card to photo printout with ease●Instant Ink ready;High yield ink available$99.99Add to cart Ships within I business dayProduct#K7G93A#B1HFor expert advice,price matching,or help with orders,call1-866-625-6132.Protect your Device●1-Year Standard Warranty Includedwith an HP Care Pack○2Year Next Day Exchange ENVY5055,6255,7155$18.00HP Recommends○3Year Next Day Exchange ENVY5055,6255,7155$25.00----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Features Specs Ink&Paper Support Special offers ReviewsGet true-to-life photos and increased adaptability.Produce true colors,and set up,connect,and print right from your mobile device.Go from memory card to photo printout with ease.HP Photo and Document All-in-One Printers are designed for families and other home users who want a device capable of printing everything from documents,emails and web pages to rich,bright lab-quality photos-with copy and scan tools too.Active security enabled printer.Intended to be used with containers using only HP original electronic electrical system.Containers with modified or non-HP electronic circuitry may not work,and those that work today may not work in the future.Twice as many photosPrint up to twice as many pages with Original HP high-yield ink containers.HP64ink containers deliver true colors so all your prints will shine.Create splendid borderless photos and leaflets--right in your home.The Power of your printer in your handPrinting photos just got easier-from social media,the cloud,and your camera-roll gallery.Amazing scanning,now on your smart-phone.Scan and share to email or the cloud-from virtually anywhere. Ordering ink has never been easier-directly through the app.Easily print photos and everyday documents directly from your smart-phone or tablet.A new level of wireless connectivity you can count onGet simple Wi-Fi setup in minutes,and start printing fast.Return&exchange information will accept returns or exchanges for this product up to30days after delivery.A restocking fee may apply.60.Which statement is true of this type of printer?A.It is a portable printer designed for home and office use.B.It is a multi-function printer producing high-quality photos.C.It is an easy-operation printer with a two-year free care pack.D.It is a wireless-connected printer protected by modified containers.61.Which of the following words best describe its“ink container”?A.AdaptableB.Automatic.C.Cost-effective.D.Eco-friendly.62.If you order this type of printer online today,__________.A.you will receive it tomorrowB.you can return it without being chargedC.you can get a care pack on discountD.you can save$80.(C)①Risk is something we face daily.However,some people are obviously more willing to take risks than others.②Biologists appear to have discovered a physical reason that explains why some people are risk-takers.Dopamine is a neurotransmitter,a chemical that spreads signals between nerve cells.It is linked to the brains reward system and is the chemical that makes us feel good,and scientists believe it to be inked to risk-taking.Our nerve cells have dopamine receptors（接收器）which control the amount of dopamine that each cell receives.But not all receptors may be active.When a person had few active receptors to control the amount of dopamine that is received,a cell can become flooded resulting in an extreme feeling of happiness.③researchers at Vanderbilt University and Albert Einstein College of Medicine asked34men and women to complete a questionnaire about their risk taking to assess whether they seek new opportunities or are cautious in life.The results of the research were consistent with similar studies carried out with rats,and had the same outcome.It concluded that people who are risk-takers have fewer dopamine receptors than people who are not.This suggests that the rush of pleasure a risk taker receives when a cell becomes flooded with dopamine can become addictive for some people.They therefore pursue new and exciting activities in order to try to repeat this feeling,and as a result their concern for risk becomes considerable reduced.④Dopamine gives us a biological reason for risk-taking,but scientists believe there may be psychological reasons too.Sensation-seeking is a personality characteristic that describes the desire to find activities that bring us pleasure.In 1964,psychologist Marvin Zuckerman created the sensation-seeking scale.His40-item questionnaire,still used today, was given to people who were active in seeking new activities,and to people who were more satisfied with a quiet life. While risk-taking is not a characteristic in itself,it is very much associated with sensation-seeking,as a high sensation-seeker does not evaluate risk in the same way that a low sensation-seeker does.a desire to achieve pleasure means that there is a greater willingness to take more risks.⑤There are both biological and psychological explanations as to why some people may choose to take more risks than others.However,none of these explanations are definitive.63.If a person has fewer active dopamine receptors.________.A.he is less likely to feel happyB.he is more willing to take risksC.he will eventually become dopamine-addictiveD.he is poorer at controlling the amount of dopamine64.The underlined phrase“consistent with”is closest to“________”in meaning.A.contrary toB.in agreement withC.at the cost ofD.persistent in65.What can be concluded from paragraph4?A.The longing for pleasure may lead to risk taking.B.A willingness to take more risks can be cultivated.C.The sensation-seeking scale can help to evaluate risk.D.High sensation-seekers are more common than low ones.66.This passage mainly talks about________.A.when we learn to take risksB.how risk-taking benefits usC.what makes risk-takersD.why we should take risksSection CDirections:Read the following passage.Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box.Each sentence can be used only once.Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A.Many options require city-level investment in new facilities.B.However,it is not yet clear which technologies and fuels cities will back.C.Through their actions,city governments today are helping to shape the cities of the future.D.For example,London is requiring all newly licensed taxis to be zero-emission capable from2018.E.City planners are using transport-oriented development to increase density while maintainingquality of life and property value.F.Some cities,such as Delhi,are investing heavily in creating the mass transport systems neededto change how citizens travel.Sustainable Transport in CitiesTransport has always shaped cities.In Medieval times crossroads gave birth to blooming market towns.Many North American cities were created for the car.But how are the cities of today being shaped by a need for more sustainable transport?Many local governments are speeding up change through policy initiatives such as joined transport,congestion charges and low emission zones,sustainable gaining and life-cycle costing,and opening data up to companies and academics.And these city level policies can move markets in more sustainable directions.___67___This ha resulted in five vehicle manufacturers committing to meeting that deadline,which is both in their own commercial interests and good for the environment.The least dense cities,for example,Houston,have per capita（人均价）carbon emissions nearly ten times higher than the densest,such as Singapore.___68___This involves gathering mixed use developments around a key transport center,as with the KL Central area in Kuala Lumpur,built around the largest railway station in Southeast Asia.___69___Others are using motivations and behavioural change to encourage people to choose more efficient--and often healthier--forms of transport.Copenhagen has a number of progressive cycling policies including the Green Wave,which allows people cycling at20km/h to hit all green lights during rush hour.Light weighing and new engine and fuel technologies are helping to make existing road and rail vehicles more efficient.___70___The main options are hydrogen fuel cells,fossil fuel hybrids,and electric vehicles,and the best solution may well vary from city to city.Ⅳ.Summary WritingDirections:Read the following passage.Summarize the main idea and the main point(s)of the passage in no more than60 e your own words as far as possible.Online“friends”--a threat to developmentThe impact of technology on the nature of our friendships has been a much-debated topic since the dramatic rise of social networks.Advances in mobile technology and social networking websites mean we spend more time online than ever before.It is therefore not surprising that so many psychologists,sociologists,and others are eager to give their thoughts on how this is impacting negatively on our society.There is one element of social networking that is deeply worrying.We find ourselves in a hyper-connected world where people access social media day and night,excited to make announcements about the tiniest details of their lives. Research is starting to show that this culture is negatively affecting not our friendships but our character.Professor Larry D. Rosen says that young people who overuse social networking sites can become ineffective,and display anti-social behavior in their offline lives.But perhaps an even more disturbing effect is that one of our most basic emotions seems to be disappearing--empathy.This is the emotion that allows us to see the world from our friends’points of view.Without it,we are far less able to connect and form meaningful adult relationships.Professor Sherry Turkle suggests that people are no longer comfortable being alone.This is something confirmed by a study where200university students were asked to go without social media for24hours.Many admitted an addiction to their online social network;most complained that they felt cut off from family and friends.And yet being alone is a time when we self-reflect and get in touch with who we really are.It is only when we do this that we can make meaningful friendships with others.These potential changes in our characters are rather alarming,so it is clear that we can’t neglect those negative impacts of social networks.第Ⅱ卷Ⅴ.TranslationDirections:Translate the following sentences into English,using the words given in the brackets.72.这些安全措施仍将继续实施至下月初。

2020上海黄浦区高三英语一模试卷(含答案解析)

黄浦区2020学年度第一学期高三年级期终调研测试英语试卷（完卷时间：120分钟满分：140分）第I 卷（共100分）I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. Brother and sister. C. Husband and wife.2. A. A waiter. B. A manager.3. A. He enjoys eating it. C. He prefers fried seafood.4. A. The goods there were on sale last weekend.B. Ifs the woman's favourite shopping mall.C. It sold out 50% of the goods last weekend.D. It's the cheapest shopping mall nearby.5. A. The woman isn't satisfied with her clothes 9 style.B. The woman is most probably pregnant.C. The woman doesn't like the new family member.D. The woman is trying her best to lose weight.6. A. It is the only property she has.B. Her father asked her not to sell it.C. She inherited it from his father.D. She has nowhere to live after selling it.7. A. Call a repairman to come at once.B. Check the sink in the kitchen first.C. Clear up the kitchen right now.D. Stop the water from running immediately.8. A. She lost her purse. C. She failed to attend the concert. 9. A. Finish checking her reference. C. Put the material in order. 10. A. The woman enjoyed the movie very much.B. The woman didn't sleep well because of the movie.C. The man asked the woman to be careful at night.D. The man invited the woman to go to the theatre together.B. Father and daughter.D. Mother and son.C. A salesman.D. A barber.B. He cares little for it. D. He doesn't want to taste it. B. She forgot to bring cash.D. She was unable to get the student discount.B. Complete the research.D. Start typing the paper.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation. After each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. She wrote several books.C. She was a business woman.12. A. 101 years.B. 76 years. 13. A. Pictures in plain style.C. A great American artist. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. To concentrate for our quiet thought.B. To give full attention to the driving.C. To avoid being caught by the police.D. To be as casual as possible in the driving.15. A. In an elevator.B. At a special hall.C. In a bathroom.D. At a concert.16. A. By listening comprehensively and analytically.B. By taking a sonic bath thoroughly.C. By attending classical concerts frequently.D. By listening to an emotional piece of music.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. Inquiring about the details of a trade fair.B. Booking rooms at a hotel.C. Complaining about the hotel room service.D. Giving suggestions on receiving guests.18. A. Ifs a busy season for international tourism.B. There aren't many hotels available in the city.C. An important economic event will occur.D. There is a big conference to be held.19. A. For five days altogether.B. From Dec.l1th to Dec. 13th.C. From morning to night on Dec. 15th.D. A whole day on the fourth day of their stay.20. A. The woman wants to reserve rooms either on the 1st or 6th floor.B. The woman has to pay 1200 dollars for all the rooms she has booked.C. Whether the rooms are accessible by wheelchair will affect the woman's choice.D. Twelve people are most likely to attend the conference to be held on Dec. 13th.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.B. She managed a farm. D. She worked as a nurse.C. 25 years.D. 22 years. B. A successful art collector. D. The secret of living longer.Consider the Mechanical PencilIf you used to collect small objects, I'm sure(if you were anything like my younger self) that you used to collect mechanical pencils.In one of the math preparatory classes 1 (21) (go) to in elementary and middle school, we used to receive mechanical pencils as prizes for doing well on the in-class exams or answering questions in class. This was (22) I built up my collection of Cadoozles, which are short mechanical pencils decorated with brightly colored spaceships and ice cream bars. But I've long since used up all my Cadoozles and a majority of the mechanical pencils that I (23)(hide) in an empty mooncake tin so many years before, which makes me reflect fondly back on those old days, when receiving a mechanical pencil was as easy as drinking a glass of water.Mechanical pencils are not only more convenient than your traditional Ticonderoga in the sense that they never need (24) (sharpen); they also produce thinner, cleaner lines, which is extremely important for drawers and drafters. Furthermore, they are environmentally friendly, since you don't have to buy (25) wooden pencil whenever you run out of lead(铅芯).You can simply refill your mechanical pencil! There is only one slight negative I must remark on, (26) is that as someone who calls mechanical pencils "lead pencil" in casual conversation, the term "lead pencil" is confusing. Mechanical pencil lead is actually not made from the chemical element lead. It is made from a mixture of graphite and clay, which (27) not give you lead poisoning. This is contrary to what my third-grade teacher said when she saw my classmate John clicking his mechanical pencil against his index finger out of boredom: "John, stop that! You're going to get lead poisoning!"I think all the third-graders (and teachers) in the world would feel much (28) (safe) if they knew what really made up the pencils they use every day.It used to be so easy to grab a mechanical pencil whenever 1 needed one, but (29) the mooncake tin has become increasingly lighter, I have learned to appreciate my writing instruments more. Perhaps 1 should have collected a few more Cadoozles when I was younger; perhaps I should have appreciated the feeling of holding up the mooncake tin when it was three-quarters full, hoping that there would always be a new pencil for me (30) (use) tomorrow.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Science Isn't Always Perfect— But We Should Still Trust ItFrom environment pollution to climate change, we make decisions every day that involve us in scientific claims. Are genetically modified crops safe to eat? Is climate change an emergency? In recent years, many of these issues have become politically polarized, with people rejecting scientific evidence that is opposite their political 31. When Greta Thunberg, the youthful climate activist, was asked by one member why we should trust the science, she replied, "because it's science!"For several decades, there has been a(n) 32 and organized campaign intended to produce distrust in science, funded by regulated industries and libertarian think-tanks whose interests and beliefs are 33 by the findings of modern science. In response, scientists have tended to stress the success of science. After all, scientists have been right about most things, from the structure of the universe to the relativity of time and space.That answer isn't wrong, but for many people it's not 34 . After all, just because scientists more than 400 years ago were right about the structure of the solar system doesn't prove that a different group of scientists are right about a different issue today.An alternative answer to the question一Why trust science? 一is that scientists use "the scientific method". If you've got a high school science textbook lying around the house, you'll probably find that answer in it. But this answer is wrong. But what is 35 declared to be the scientific method——develop a hypothesis(假设),then design an experiment to test it一isn't what scientists actually do. Historians of science have shown that scientists use many different methods, and these methods have changed with time. Science 36 changes: new methods get invented, old ones get 37 , and any particular point in time scientists can be found doing many different things. And that's a good thing, because the so-called scientific method doesn't work. False theories can produce true results, so even if an experiment works, it doesn't prove that the theory it was 38 to test is true. There also might be many different theories that could produce that same 39 result. On the contrary, if the experiment fails, it doesn't prove the theory is wrong; it could be that the experiment was badly conducted or there was a fault in one of the 40 .III.Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Travelling, at least travelling any considerable distance, means dealing with airports. I've seen my share of airports. They come in several 41 . The smallest I have been through was in the African town of Hoedspruit where the main waiting area was smaller than many school classrooms, security and ticket checking were both 42 by one person who was also controlling the gate onto the airfield and you had to walk out to the plane and climb the stairs to get in. It was even smaller than Canada's Moncton airport where the person taking the tickets was also one of the two 43 on our flight.At the other extreme are the 44 , modern airports in the world's major cities. LAX, in Los Angeles has two parallel runways and provides the unusual opportunity to watch out the window of your landing aircraft as another one lands right beside you. Some, such as Beijing's Capital International Airport, SeaTac in Seattle and the International Airport in San Francisco, like those in Hong Kong and Shanghai, have 45 terminals connected by different buses or underground trains. Finding a connecting flight often means changing terminals, which can be a little 46 .Heathrow airport in London, England, 47 that bigger is not always better. Heathrow consists of terminals used by various 48 and is centered around an area that contains stores and restaurants. At Heathrow the tired traveler gets the 49 that they want you to spend your time in the stores because they won't announce the gate from which your flight will leave until about an hour before flight time. Given that they start to get people onto the planes half an hour before takeoff that leaves just 30 minutes to find and 50 your gate, some of which are a 25-minute walk from the store area. There is absolutely no 51 for this because the airport authorities know even before the day begins how many flights are arriving and departing and where they plan to put them. If 1 have just come off one long flight and I'm waiting for another, what I want is a quiet place, not an area 52 bright lights and noisy shoppers.Travel, for me, is interesting but when I have to fly, getting there is 53 not half the fun. Airplanes are a very efficient way to move people long distances and airports are a(n) 54 part of the process. Most airports do their best to provide a good travelling experience but they are to be 55 , not really enjoyed.41. A. types B. cities C. areas D. sizes42. A. identified B. handled C. promoted D. processed43. A. guards B. astronauts C. pilots D. passengers44. A. tremendous B. crowded C. international D. fashionable45. A. flexible B. multiple C. available D. irregular46. A. exciting B. astonishing C. confusing D. encouraging47. A. regulates B. emphasizes C. encounters D. demonstrates48. A. functions B. departments C. airlines D. authorities49. A. recreation B. presentation C. announcement D. impression50. A. look for B. get to C. meet at D. check out51. A. exception B. doubt C. apology D. excuse52. A. filled with B. dominated by C. decorated with D. recognized by53. A. increasingly B. permanently C. attentively D. definitely54. A. effective B. optional C. necessary D. suitable55. A. simplified B. endured C. declared D. paralleledSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.(A)Sometimes when she felt bored, she would pick up one of the numerous biographies(传记)about herself and begin to note on it. "I never did that" or "simply not true" she would write roughly in the margins at the sides of pages. Since journalists, biographers and more recently even "bloggers" had been writing about her since the day she was born, there was plenty of material to edit. Not that her notes or corrections were ever shared with the authors. Lately, however, she even seemed to have lost her appetite for correctness. Did it matter anymore if things were not right?She knew that sitting alone chewing away on downbeat thoughts would not get her anywhere and would leave those around her confused and upset, should they ever catch her out. After all she was the decisive one, always on top of her game. A printed timetable for the following day lay on the table. A full day of openings and presentations, of smiling and nodding and flowers.Shaking herself out of her gray mood, she stepped over towards the computer where a sudden burst of energy gave her an idea. The screen flashed up in front of her but instead of clicking on the familiar icons which would lead her to the emails Randolph had considered she needed to read, she simply went to visit Mr. Google and began her search for train timetable.A dish heaped with multi-coloured jellies and plenty of ice cream, served by a white-gloved train waiter with a perfectmoustache. So many years had passed but she still remembered the jelly dissolving on her tongue in small but delicious mouthfuls. Each spoonful had to be lifted delicately to her mouth under the watchful eye of her grandmother, who was a stickler for good manners. It was unlikely that they served jelly on the trains these days, what with all the concern about childhood fatness, but even a Spartan menu could not kill the romance of a train journey. As the timetable for Linehurst line flashed in front of her, she remembered that the Mayor of Alwoy would be expecting her to make a short, predictable speech at the opening of the new bridge.56.Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?A.The main character is probably a journalist writing blogs about royal members.B.The main character is always busy editing plenty of material about herself.C.The authors probably had chances to get the notes or correctness from the main character.D.Randolph is probably an assistant or a secretary to the main character.57.Why does the main character recall the time she ate jellies and ice cream?A.She wishes that she were still a child so that she could eat jellies and ice cream.B.She is reminded of these foods because the thought of a train journey reminds her of them.C.She wishes she still knew where the handsome train waiter was.D.Today's children aren't allowed to eat the same things that she ate as a child.58. A "Spartan menu"(paragraph 4) would most likely ____________________ .A.have mainly low fat, healthy foodsB. be suitable for a romantic dinnerC. include a range of sweets, but no jellyD. include foods which are easy to transport59.What is most likely to happen next in this passage?A.The main character will practise her speech for greeting the Mayor of Alwoy.B.The main character w川decide to take a rail journey.C.Randolph will send some emails to the main character.D.The main character will update her blog on the internet.60. Brindley's canals were less efficient, most likely because . A. he was not a good canal engineerB. the techniques and skills available at the time were uselessC. his canals were built to keep the water drains outD. they had too many roundabout routes 61. According to this passage, why was the "cut and fill' technique designed?A. The outlines of the land could not be followed directly.B. It could make travelling distances shorter and save journey time.C. New surveying techniques had been invented successfully.D. The distance between the Midlands and River Mersey is great.62. Locks are needed in canals to .A. help boats to travel in both directionsB. keep water levels changing all the timeC. allow large ships to travel in canalsD. transfer boats across differing water levels(C) In the ancient world, the practice of medicine was inescapably linked to supernatural belief and magic. That was until the Greeks made advances in the field and brilliant figures such as Hippocrates laid the foundations for our medicine today. Recognized as the father of modern medicine, Hippocrates realized what seems obvious to us today —that the observation and(B)Canals have to be built on a level, otherwise the water drainsout of them and the canal becomes useless. This was the greatproblem facing the early canal builders, and they overcame it indifferent ways. The early engineers like James Brindley simplyfollowed the outlines of the countryside and kept their canals leveleven though it often meant choosing very roundabout routes.Later engineers, such as Thomas Telford, developed a newtechnique known as 'cut and fill' in which they fixed a level throughvery accurate surveying. This allowed them to fill in the hollowson a route with the exact amount of soil they took from the higherground. By this method, very direct routes could be taken, which cut down the time of a journey very considerably. A good example of this type oi canal is Telford's Liverpool and BirminghamJunction Canal, which he began in 1826 to provide a direct route from the Midlands to the River Mersey.It was seldom possible to build a completely level canal, ofcourse, whichever method was used, and most canals wereprovided with locks in which barges were raised or lowered to newlevels. If you look at the diagram on the right, you can see a bargebeing raised in a lock by means of water which was allowed intothe lock basin, or pound, from the upper level of the canal. When abarge had to be lowered, water was allowed out of the pound intothe lower level oi the canal. 1. barge enters pound「A barge is a long, narrow boat with a flat bottom. Barges are used for carrying heavy loads, especially on I rivers and canals. FL€ , 「▲A lock2. barge raised in pound3. barge moves to top levelnoting of symptoms is primary. He travelled across Greece teaching medicine, encouraging the view that disease had physical, not supernatural, explanations.Medical students still take the Hippocratic Oath, a formal promise made by new doctors that they will follow the standards set by their profession and try to preserve life, swearing to use their skills to heal and do no harm. One of Hippocrates5 theories was of the 'four humours', a belief that disease was caused by an imbalance of the four liquids supposedly contained in the human body——blood, phlegm, and black and yellow bile(a liquid produced by your organ which helps you to digest fat).Blood-letting was a common response to illness and was used until only 150 years ago in the mistaken belief that it would restore the body's internal balance. But while the Greeks may have been wrong about the bleeding and the bile, they were still the first civilization to understand that diseases could be treated by using careful observation and logical thought.Aristotle, political theorist, philosopher and teacher, also studied the natural world from a scientific point of view. He was the first to classify organisms, and although his method may seem simple now, he divided them into two basic categories, as either plant or animal—he was the first to do so. Aristotle valued experimentation and discovered that evaporation, the process of becoming a vapour, turned salt water into fresh water. He was also a believer in the theory that all matter is composed of four elements——fire, earth, water and air.Hippocrates believed the four humours, related to the four liquids in the body, were each in line with an organ, a season and with different moods. The four were based on the Greeks9 idea of four base elements (air, water, fire, earth). Although discredited now, the humours formed the basis of western medicine until the 18th century. They were:-Blood from the liver: associated with Spring; with courage and hope-Phlegm from brain and lungs: Winter; calm and unemotional-Yellow bile from gall bladder (胆囊)：Summer; anger and bad temper-Black bile from spleen(脾脏):Autumn; with blue and dark mood63.Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the passage?A.It was the Greeks that made advances in the field of practice of medicine in the ancient world.B.The Hippocratic Oath is a formal promise made by new doctors to swear their responsibilities.C.Hippocrates thought disease was caused by an imbalance of the four liquids contained in the human body.D.Hippocrates was the first to believe diseases could be treated by careful observation and logical thought.64.The practice of blood-letting was based on the belief that .A.the blood was polluted by virusesB. the human body was not evenly balancedC. the patient was in a bad humourD. too much blood was bad for people65.How did Aristotle find out that salt water can be turned into fresh water?A.He studied many books from a scientific point of view.B.He drew the conclusion according to the two basic categories.C.He made the discovery based on conducting experiments himself.D.He believed that all matter consists of four base elements.66.Why is Hippocrates considered the founder of modern medicine?A.He proved that there are four base elements in all matter in the world.B.He showed the procedure of how the four bodily liquids affected moods.C.He insisted that almost all diseases had supernatural explanations.D.He recognized the importance of the observation and noting of symptoms.Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Adolescents Worldwide Not Sufficiently Physically ActiveNew WHO-led study says majority of adolescents worldwide are not sufficiently physically active, putting their current and future health at risk. 67 ____ "Urgent policy action to increase physical activity is needed now, particularly to promote and keep up girls' participation in physical activity, " says study author Dr. Regina Guthold, WHO.The health benefits of a physically active lifestyle during adolescence include improved heart and lungs fitness, bone health and positive effects on weight. There is also growing evidence that physical activity has a positive impact on cognitive development and socializing. 68To achieve these benefits, the WHO recommends for adolescents to do moderate or vigorous physical activity for an hour or more each day. The authors estimated 80 percent of teens do not meet this recommendation by analysing data collected through school-based surveys on physical activity levels.69Urgent scaling up is needed of known effective policies and programmes to increase physical activity in adolescents. Multisectoral action is needed to offer opportunities for young people to be active, involving education, urban planning, road safety and others. The highest levels of society, including national, city and local leaders, should promote the importance of physical activity for the health and well-being of all people, including adolescents.70___ Strong political will and action can address the fact that four in every five adolescents do notexperience the enjoyment and social, physical, and mental health benefits of regular physical activity. Policy makers and stakeholders should be encouraged to act now for the health of this and future young generations.IV.Summary Writing71.Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Singapore's Information Technology StrategySingapore's information technology strategy rests on two major legs. The first leg is world-class basic facilities. Being a city-state, it is relatively easy to connect every home, office and hotel room. Our objective is to provide broad-band everywhere, eitherwired or wireless. We will make it a readily available utility like water, electricity, gas and telephone. We are well on our way there. We now require, by regulation, every new home to be equipped with broad-band in the same way as it is required to have water and electricity.The second leg is the education of our entire population in IT(information technology). Like reading, writing and arithmetic, computers are best learnt when we are young. Today's children can click the mouse faster than we can blink. In many countries, children of middle-class families have no difficulty with this new technology. But, without special effort, there is a danger that children of poorer families will miss out on the opportunity to learn IT. Like the piano and violin, one can still learn the computer as an adult. But rarely does one acquire the same facility. The strategy in Singapore is therefore to teach information technology to every child regardless of his family background. The Education Ministry now has a multi-billion dollar programme to provide one computer for every 2 schoolchildren in Singapore from first grade onwards. Every teacher will have a notebook.Most Singaporeans now understand the importance of IT, if not for themselves, at least for their children and grandchildren. Over 40% of households in Singapore now own PCs. Over one-third of households in Singapore already enjoy access to Internet. What we want is for every Singaporean to be computer literate so that he can function effectively in any bank, factory or restaurant, just as one would expect an employee to be able to read, write and count. An employer in Singapore in the future should not have to worry that his employee does not know how to use a computer or the Internet.第II卷（共40分）V.TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72,如天公作美，周末我们就去郊游。

上海市黄浦区高三英语一模试卷(含答案及听力文字)

II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.( A )“Come in, Kim. Have a seat, please,” said Bill Williams, the manager. This was Kim’s first experience with an assessment. After only six months he was due for a raise (25) _____ this assessment was satisfactory.“Kim,” began Bill Williams, “I am very pleased with the quality of your work. My only concern is that you are not active enough in (26) _____ (put) forward your suggestions.”“But,” replied Kim, “I have always completed every assignme nt you (27) _____ (give) me, Mr. Williams.”“I know that, Kim. And please, call me Bill. But (28) _____ I expect is for you to think independently and introduce new ideas. It is more input from you (29) _____ I need –more feedback on how things are going. I don’t need a ‘yes man’. You just smile (30) ______ _____ everything is fine. I’m not asking you to tell me what to do, but what you think we (31) _____ do. To make suggestions, I employed you because I respect your experience in this field.”“Yes, I see. I’m not accustomed to this, but I will try to do as you say… Bill.”“Good, then, I expect (32) _____ (hear) more from you at staff meetings or at any other time you want to discuss an idea with me.”“Yes, of course. Thank you, Mr. Will… Bill.”( B )I was the middle child of the three, but there was a gap of five years on either side, and I hardly saw my father before I was eight. For this and (33) _____ reasons I was somewhat lonely. I had the lonely child’s habit of making up stories, and I think from the very start my literary ambitions (34) _____ (mix) up with the feeling of being isolated. I knew that I had a natural ability with words, and I felt that this created a sort of private world where I could get my own back for my failure in everyday life.However, the quantity of serious writing which I produced all (35) _____ my childhood would not add up to half a dozen pages. I wrote my first poem at the age of four or five, my mother (36) _____ (take) it down to dictation. I cannot remember anything about it except that it was about a tiger and (37) _____ tiger had “chair-like teeth”— a good enough expression. At eleven, when the war of 1914-18 broke out, I wrote a poem (38) _____ (print) in the local newspaper later. From time to time, when I was a bit (39) _____ (old), I wrote bad and usually unfinished “nature poems”.I also, about twice, attempted a short story (40) _____ was a failure. That was the total of the would-be serious work that I actually set down on paper during all those years.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Here are four simple, healthy and, dare we say, fun ways to help you slim down and stay healthy.Have your cake …for breakfastAside from being depressing, the way to __41__ weight loss isn’t by feeling deprived.Scientists say that people who started off the day with a __42__ felt fuller and more satisfied, and that led to their sticking with the program as the day went on. Being hungry is no way to start your day, so __43__ up with protein and a mouthful of something sweet. And most of all, enjoy! Sleep your way to weight lossDr. Andrew Calvin, one expert of Mayo Clinic study, is quoted as saying, “If individuals are seeking to maintain a healthy weight or to lose weight, they should seek to get enough sleep on a __44__ basis.”If you find it tricky to wind down at night, turn off the __45__ and engage in relaxing activities, like taking a bath or listening to __46__ music.Journal to drop poundsThe best __47__ for a dieter? Pen and paper! Women who wrote down everything they ate lost more weight than t hose who didn’t track their food intake. Journaling makes you accountable and more aware of what you’re eating, so it makes sense that it’ll keep you from __48__ chewing if you aren’t actually hungry.Even a tiny bit of exercise helps your healthEven 20 to 30 minutes of physical activity most days of the weeks (broken up into smaller chunks is fine) reduces your risk for all sorts of physical ills. And even 20 minutes a week can improve your mood. That really stuck with me. It’s easy to criticize ourselves or burn out if we make goals that are __49__ hard to achieve, but walking a few times a week is __50__ –and meaningful, too.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.For many people today, reading is no longer relaxation. To keep up their work they must read letters, reports, trade publications, interoffice communications, not to mention newspapers and magazines; a never-ending flood of words. In getting a job advancing, the ability to read and comprehend __51__ can mean the difference between success and failure. Yet the unfortunate fact is that most of us are __52__ readers. Most of us develop poor reading habits at an early age, and never __53__ them. The main shortage lies in the actual stuff of language itself –words. Taken individually, words have little__54__ until they are strung together into phrases, sentences and paragraphs. Unfortunately, __55__, the untrained reader does not read groups of words. He laboriously read one word at a time, often regressing to __56__ words or passages. Regression, the tendency to look back over what you have just read, is a common __57__ habit in reading. Another bad habit which __58__ the speed of reading is vocalization – sounding each word either __59__ or mentally as one reads.To overcome these bad habits, some reading clinics use a device called an accelerator, which moves a bar (or curtain) down the page at a predetermined speed. The bar is set a slightly __60__ rate than the reader finds comfortable, in order to “__61__” him. The accelerator forces the reader to read fast, making word-by-word reading, regression and sub-vocalization, practically __62__. At first comprehension is __63__ speed. But when you learn to read ideas and concepts, you will not only read faster, but your comprehension will improve. Many people have found their reading skill __64__ improved after some training. Take Charles Au, a business manager, for instance, his reading rate was a reasonably good 172 words a minute before the training, now it is an excellent 1,378 words a minute. He is delighted that now he can go through a lot more reading material in a(n) __65__ period of time.51. A. quickly B. silently C. thoroughly D. vaguely52. A. casual B. curious C. efficient D. poor53. A. acquire B. cultivate C. kick D. practice54. A. formation B. meaning C. pronunciation D. transformation55. A. however B. moreover C. somehow D. therefore56. A. recite B. reread C. reuse D. rewrite57. A. horrible B. incurable C. social D. viewing58. A. achieves B. gains C. measures D. reduces59. A. orally B. physically C. quietly D. repeatedly60. A. better B. faster C. lower D. steadier61. A. distract B. embarrass C. interest D. stretch62. A. demanding B. impossible C. reasonable D. useful63. A. applied to B. matched with C. sacrificed for D. substituted for64. A. dramatically B. hardly C. slightly D. subconsciously65. A. indefinite B. lengthy C. limited D. setSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Jane Austen was born in the English countryside more than 200 years ago. She lived a simple life. She seldom travelled. She never married and she died from illness when she was only 41.However, people all over the world remember her. Why? It is because Jane Austen is the author of some of the best-loved novels in the English language. These novels include Emma, Pride and Prejudice, Sense and Sensibility and Persuasion.Jane completed her last novel Persuasion in 1816, but it was not published until after her death. Persuasion is partly based on Jane’s naval brother.Anne, the daughter of Sir Walter Elliot, falls in love with Captain Wentworth, a person of a lower social position. But she breaks off the engagement when persuaded by her friend Lady Russell that such a match is unworthy. The breakup produces in Anne a deep and long-lasting regret. Eight years later, Wentworth returns from sea a rich and successful captain. He finds Anne’s family on the edge of financial ruin. Anne and the captain rediscover their love and get married.Jane Austen once compared her writing to painting on a little bit of ivory（象牙）, two inches square. Readers of Persuasion will see that neither her skill of delicate, ironic(讽刺的) observations on social custom, love, and marriage nor her ability to apply a sharp focus to English manners and morals has abandoned her in her final finished work.Persuasion has produced three film adaptations: a 1995 version starring Amanda Root and Ciaran Hinds, a 2007 TV miniseries with Sally Hawkins and Rupert Penry-Jones, and a 1971 miniseries with Ann Firbank and Bryan Marshall.People who are interested in Jane Austen can still visit many of the places she visited and lived. These places include the village of Steventon, although her family house is now gone. Many of the places Jane visited in Bath are still the re. You can visit Jane Austen’s home in Chawton, where she did her best writing, and Winchester, where she died.66. What is the theme of Persuasion?A. Never regret what you’ve chosen.B. True love lasts forever.C. Be matched for marriage.D. Love waits for no man.67. Which of the following CANNOT describe Jane’s writing style?A. Her application of symbolism.B. Her delicate observations.C. Her focus on manners and morals.D. Her use of irony.68. Which of the following about Jane Austen is TRUE?A. Her family house is now in the village of Steventon.B. Many of the places she visited in Bath are still available.C. The latest film adaptation of Persuasion was produced in 1995.D. Her last novel Persuasion is considered her most successful one.69. The article mainly talks about _______.A. Jane Austen’s unique writing styleB. the original residence of Jane AustenC. Jane Austen’s last novel: PersuasionD. the popularity of Jane Austen’s novels( B)70. The phrase “a grant” in the first line most probably means _____.A. bank interestB. a credit cardC. an education feeD. financial aid71. A student from Japan who has been studying in England for a year and intends togo to college in a few months will _____.A.be unable to get money from any LEAB.get money if taking a first degree courseC.get money from LEA when finishing his courseD.have to open a bank account before getting money72. A 31-year-old nurse wishes to qualify as a doctor at a university. She has workedsince she was 25. How much extra money will she get a year?A.None.B. £155.C. £615.D. £515.73. A big bank offers a new student special services because _____.A. they need student accounts badlyB. they charge students extra interestC. they know he can get money regularlyD. they hope he’ll be a potential customer(C)Publicity offers several benefits. There are not costs for message time or space. An ad in prime-time television may cost $250,000 to $5,000,000 or more per minute, whereas a five-minute report on a network newscast would not cost anything. Publicity reaches a mass audience within a short time and new products or company policies are widely known.Credibility about messages is high, because they are reported in independent media. Anewspaper review of a movie has more believability than an ad in the same paper, because the reader associates independence with objectivity. Similarly, people are more likely to pay attention to news reports than to ads. For example, Women’s Wear Daily has both fashion reports and advertisements. Readers spend time reading the stories, but they skim through the ads. Furthermore, there may be 10 commercials during a half-hour television program or hundreds of ads in a magazine. Feature stories are much fewer in number and stand out clearly.Publicity also has some significant limitations. A firm has little control over messages, their timing, their placement, or their coverage by a given medium. It may issue detailed news releases and find only portions mentioned by the media, and media have the ability to be much more critical than a firm would like.For example, in 1982, Procter & Gamble faced a massive publicity problem over the meaning of its 123-year-old company logo. To fight this negative publicity, the firm had a spokesperson appear on Good Morning America to disprove the rumor (谣言). The false rumors were temporarily put to rest. However, in 1985, publicity became so troublemaking that Procter & Gamble decided to remove the logo from its products.A firm may want publicity during certain periods, such as when a new product is introduced or new store opened, but the media may not cover the introduction or opening until after the time it would aid the firm. Similarly, media determine the placement of a story; it may follow a report on crime or sports. Finally, the media decide whether to cover a story at all and the amount of coverage to be devoted to it.74. All of the following advantages of publicity are mentioned EXCEPT _____.A. time savingB. attentivenessC. credibilityD. profitability75. Compared with ad, news report or featuring stories are more _____.A. believableB. clearC. dependentD. subjective76. The example of “Procter & Gamble” is given to show _____.A. the efficient way of disproving rumorsB. the importance of a spokespersonC. the interaction between firms and mediaD. the negative effect of publicity77. What’s the author’s attitude towards publicity?A. doubtfulB. objectiveC. passiveD. supportiveSection CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.The motor vehicle has killed and disabled more people in its brief history than any bomb or weapon ever invented. Much of the blood on the street flows essentially from uncivil behavior of drivers who refuse to respect the legal or moral rights of others. So the massacre (大屠杀) on the road may be regarded as a social problem.In fact, the enemies of society on wheels are rather harmless people just ordinary people acting carelessly, you might say. But it is a principle both of law and common morality that carelessness is no excuse when one’s actions could bring death o r damages to others. A minority of the killers go even beyond carelessness to total negligence.Researchers have estimated that as many as 80 percent of all automobile accidents can be connected with psychological condition of the driver. Emotional upsets can affect drivers’ reactions,slow their judgment, and blind them to dangers that might otherwise be evident. The experts warn that it is vital for every driver to make a conscious effort to keep one’s emotions under control.Yet the irresponsibility that accounts for much of the problem is not limited to drivers. Street walkers regularly ignore traffic regulations. They are at fault in most vehicle walker accidents; and many cyclists even believe that they are not subject to the basic rules of the road.In the past few years, safety standards for vehicle have been raised both at the point of manufacture and through periodic road-worthiness inspections. In addition, speed limits have been lowered. Due to these measures, the accident rate has decreased. But the accident experts still worry because there has been little or no improvement in the way drivers behave. The only real and lasting solution, say the experts, is to convince people that driving is a skilled task requiring constant care and concentration. Those who fail to do all these things present a threat to those with whom they share the road.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)78. Why road killers can’t be excused?Because __________.79. In order to avoid automobile accidents, the experts suggest drivers should __________.80. Besides drivers, who should also be blamed for most roads accidents?81. The accident rate has decreased in the past few years because of __________.第II卷I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1.他总是不懂装懂。

2019-2020学年上海市黄浦学校高三英语一模试题及答案解析

2019-2020学年上海市黄浦学校高三英语一模试题及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AThis online course is designed to provide you with work-ready skills including responding to job advertisements，writing application letters and resumes（简历）and developing inter-view skills．What topics will it cover?● The recruitment（招聘）and selection process● The job application● Planning for the interview● Developing interview skillsWhat will you achieve?By the end of the course，you'll be able to...● Assess the recruitment and selection process from an employer's point of view● Interpret an advertisement，job description and selection criteria correctly● Model a well-written job application● Plan for a job interviewWho is the course for?While this course appeals to trainees and graduates，it also applies to job seekersin the broader community looking to increasing their confidence and success rate when applying for work．Who develops the course?Central Queensland University．It is Australia's leading regional university．Our courses are designed alongside industry andmany include hands-on learning experiences and project-based learning．Our commitment to making real-world knowledge and skills accessible to all has seen us being awarded global recognition．1. What will students learn if they take the online course?A. The way to write a resume．B. The way to put an advertisement．C. The skills of talking with others．D. The skills of improving reading．2. Who is the online course intended for?A. Trainers．B. Interviewers．C. Job seekers．D. College students．3. Which ofthe following best describes the online course?A Cheap． B. Practical． C. Long-standing． D. World-class．BThe grocerystore might not be your favorite place to visit when you're at home, but is it ever fun when you're in another country? Honestly speaking, they're one of those strange little destinations that I like to sniff out everywhere I go, much as other travelers head toward clothing stores, libraries, coffee shops or galleries.The greatest beauty of the grocery store –– whether it's a supermarket or a tiny shop –– is that it gives you a glimpse into what local people buy to cook their own meals. This offers clues into their lifestyles and preferences, and into the agricultural and cooking practices of the country. I stare at the strange fruits and vegetables, the seafood, the cheese, the spices, the bread, and oh, the chocolate...always the chocolate!Being the environmental nerd（呆子）I am, I like paying attention to packaging, which can reflect people's attitudes towards environmental protection. Italy, for example, has a habit of requiring customers to bag their fruits and vegetables in plastic for weighing, while Sri Lanka leaveseverything loose in bins. In Brazil, everything is prepackaged in a layer of plastic.People in grocery stores tend to be friendlier. They smile, say hello, and sometimes ask questions, which can lead to great conversations. I had a further discussion with a teenaged cashier in Sri Lanka, over which bag of crunchy（松脆的）mix to buy. He insisted that the one labeled “spicy” would be too hot for me, but I told him I was willing to risk it. He laughed and we ended up talking about my favorite Sri Lankan foods for ten minutes.It's interesting then to come home and look at one's own local grocery store through new eyes. What would a visitor think? What stands out, and what do the food displays say about us as a culture? You might be surprised by what you realize.4. According to the author, what is the key benefit of visiting foreign grocery stores?A. Learning to cook foreign dishes.B. Making friends with local people.C. Buying cheaper food and souvenirs.D. Knowing local people and the country.5. What does the author show by mentioning some countries in paragraph 3?A. People's special lifestyles.B. People's shopping habits.C. People's environmental awareness.D. People's packaging methods.6. What can we infer from paragraph 4?A. Sri Lankans know a lot about food.B. Grocery stores are good social places.C. Grocery stores vary in different countries.D. Sri Lankans like to give strangers suggestions.7. Which of the following shows the structure of text? (P: paragraph)A. B.C. D.CEven plant can run a fever，especially when they're under attack by insects or disease．But unlike human，plants can have their temperature taken from 3，000 feet away straight up．A decade ago，adopting the infrared （红外线）scanning technology developed for military purposes and other satellites，physicist Stephen Paley came up with a quick wayto take the temperature of crops to determine which ones are under stress．The goal was to let farmers precisely（精确的）target pesticide（杀虫剂）spraying rather than rain poison on a whole field，which always includes plants that don't have pest problems．Evenbetter，Paley's Remote Scanning Services Company could detect crop problems before they became visible to the eye．Fixed on a plane flown at 3，000 feet at night，an infrared scanner measured the heat sent out by crops．The data were transformed into a color﹣coded map showing where plants were running "fevers"．Farmers could then spot﹣spray，using 50 to 70 percent less pesticide that they otherwise would．The bad news is that Paley's company closed down in 1984，after only three years．Farmers resisted thenewtechnology and long﹣term supporters were hard to find．But with the renewed concern about pesticides on produce and refinements（改进）in infrared scanning，Paley hopes to get back into operation．Agriculture experts have no doubt that the technology works．"This technique can be used on 75 percent of agricultural land in the United States，" says George Oerther of Texas A& M，who recently retired from the Department of Agriculture，thinks remote infrared crop scanning could be adopted by the end of the decade．But only if Paley finds the financial support which he failed to obtain 10years ago．8. Plants will give out an increased amount of heat when they are ．A. facing an infrared scannerB. sprayed with pesticidesC. exposed to extreme sun raysD. inpoor physical condition9. In order to apply pesticide spraying precisely，we can use infrared scanning to ．A draw a color1﹣coded mapB evaluate the damage to the cropsC. locate the problem areaD. measure the size of the affected area10. The application of infrared scanning technology to agriculture met with some difficulties of ．A. the lack of official supportB. its high costC. the lack of financial supportD. its failure to help increase production11. Infrared scanning technology may be brought back into operation because of ．A. full support from agricultural expertsB. the forceful promotion by the Department of AgricultureC. the desire of farmers to improve the quality of their produceD. growing concern about the over use of pesticides on cropsDPlanned missions to the moon need to hurry up to avoid hitting one of the busiest periods for extreme space weather, according to scientists conducting the most in-depth ever research on solar storm timing.Scientists at theUniversityofReadingstudied 150 years of space weather data to look into patterns in thetiming of the most extreme events,which can be extremely dangerous to astronauts and satellites. This new research on space weather timing allows predictions to be made for extreme space weather. Therefore, it could be used to plan the timing of activities, which could be affected by extreme space weather, for example, major space missions.The researchers found for the first time that extreme space weather events are more likely to occur early in or late solar cycles-such as the one just starting. The findings may have influences on the NASA-led Artemis mission. It plans to make humans return to the moon in 2024, but can be put off to the late 2020s.Professor Mathew Owens, a space physicist at theUniversityofReading, said, “Until now, the most extreme space weather events were thought to berandomin their timing. Though there is no set pattern of the events, this research suggests they are more predictable.”In the new study, the scientists used a new method applying statistical modelling to storm timing for the first time. Previous research generally focused on how big extreme space weather events can be, based on observations of previous events. Predicting their timing is far more difficult because extreme events are rare, so there is ly little historic data to identify patterns. The findings suggest that any major planned space missions , which is beyond the next five years, will have to consider the higher probability of extreme space weather late in the present solar cycle between 2026 and 2030.12. What can we learn about the study from the first two paragraphs?A. It has lasted just 150 years.B. It doesn't refer to space weather data.C. It shows space weather has no effect on astronauts.D. It makes it possible to predict extreme space weather.13. Why might the NASA-led Artemis mission be put off?A. To research solar cycles.B. To avoid effects of space weather.C. To meet the needs of the astronauts.D. To make humans return to Earth in 2024.14. What does the underlined word “random“ in paragraph 4 probably mean?A. Irregular.B. Easy.C. Limited.D. Changeless.15. What can we infer from the last paragraph?A. The study is useful for future space missions.B. The planned space missions should be put off.C. Extreme space weather will happen before 2026.D. Previous observations make no difference to the study.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2019-2020学年上海市黄浦学校高三英语一模试题及答案

2019-2020学年上海市黄浦学校高三英语一模试题及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AAmid the coronavirus outbreak, the U. S. Department of Homeland Security recommends having at least a two - week supply of water and food.PotatoesShelf life：2 to 5 weeks if stored in a cool, dry, dark placeYukon Gold, red, and fingerling potatoes will last from two to three weeks. Larger white potatoes can last for three to five weeks. Sweet potatoes have about the same shelf life. Don't store them next to onions, however. The two might go together well in cooking, but raw, each gives off gases and moisture that might cause the other to spoil faster.Tea※Shelf life：6 to 12 months past "sell - by" dateDried tea leaves, whether loose (in a sealed container) or in teabags (in an unopened box) can easily last a year or more if they' re not subjected to damp or humidity. However, the tea does tend to lose flavor over time.Peanuts● Shelf life：1 to 2 monthsPeanuts in their shell, especially when kept cool and dry, are perfectly happy in the cupboard for as long as two months.Canned fruits and vegetables● Shelf life：1 to 2 years past "sell - by” dateCanningis an extremely efficient means of preserving food. Generally speaking, if canned foods aren't subjected to extreme heat, their contents should stay good for two years or more. Be aware, however, of dented cans or those with swollen tops, which may indicate the presence of bacteria inside.1. Which can go bad faster if stored with onions?A. Potatoes.B. Tea.C. Peanuts.D. Canned fruits and vegetables.2. What is special about tea?A. The flavor of tea can always remain the same.B. Tea leaves are better to be preserved in an open jar.C. Tea leaves should be kept away from the state of being wet.D. The maximum length of time that tea can be stored is 6 months.3. What may shorten the "sell - by” date of canned foods ?A. Shapes of cans.B. Categories of foods.C. Decline of the temperature.D. Exposure to high temperature.BAs summer approaches, many kids and teenagers may find that they have more time in hand. One great way to make use of the extra time is to go on an adventure and travel. Clearly, I am not a naturally adventurous person, but I have found that takingthe risk and challenging myself to explore and travel to unfamiliar places can be a very rewarding experience.Because I am usually quite busy during the school year, most of my travels take place during the summer. Over the past few summers, I have hiked in the Grand Canyon, explored Niagara Falls, and camped out in upstate New York. Although these experiences are varied, they are similar in that they instill (灌输) a sense of appreciation for nature and a more balanced view on life. When I hiked in the Grand Canyon, for example, I was in awe(敬畏) of the geological influences that shaped the canyon.Adventures, of course, are not limited to hiking. There are many other choices, such as camping, volunteering in a foreign environment and travelling to different countries. In my opinion, adventures are more enjoyable with family or a few friends. There is a sense of bonding that one only gets through spending time together in outdoor adventures. For example, when I was in Boy Scouts, I often went on weekend camping trips with my friends. When I came back from a Boy Scouts camping trip, I often was eager to go outside more and explore the parks and nature around me.Next fall, I will attend college. In the meantime though, I hope to make the most of my summer to explore and travel. Now, I am planning on hiking and camping out in Maine.When I visited Maine last fall, I was amazed by how beautiful it was and the tall trees and coasts that exist, and I really hope to enjoy the beauty of nature there this summer.4. We can learn from the first paragraph about the author?A. He is an adventurous person by natureB. He likes challenging himself by travellingC. He enjoys travelling with other adventurersD He needs others’ help when going on an adventure5. Which of the following can make people’s adventure more enjoyable according to the author？A. Going to different countries.B. Going to unfamiliar places.C. Travelling withtheir family or friends.D. Travelling to distant places by themselves.6. What will the author do this summer？A. Explore Niagara Falls.B. Hike in the Grand Canyons.C. Camp out in upstate New York.D. Hike and camp out in Maine.7. Who is probably the author?A. A high school student.B. A college student.C. A friendly guide.D. A warm-hearted teacher.CA city inSouth Korea, which has the world’s largest number of people using smartphones, has placed flashing lights and laser beams at a road crossing to warn “smartphone zombies” to look up and drivers to slow down, in the hope of preventing accidents.The designers of the system were motivated by growing worry that more pedestrians glued to their phones will become victims in a country that already has some of the highest road death and injury rates among developed countries. State-run Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology (KICT) believes its system of flashing lights at zebra crossings can warn both pedestrians and drivers.In addition to red, yellow and blue LED lights on the pavement, “smombies” - smartphone zombies - will be warned by laser beam projected from power poles and a warning sent to the phones by an app that they are about to step into traffic.“Increasing number of smombie accidents have occurred in pedestrian crossings, so these zombie lights are essential to prevent these pedestrian accidents,” said KICT senior researcher Kim Jong-hoon. Drivers are warned by the flashing lights, which have shown to be effective 83.4 percent of the time in the institute’s tests involving about 1,000 vehicles.In 2017, more than 1,600 pedestrians were killed in auto related accidents, which is about 40 percent of total traffic deaths, according to data from the Traffic Accident Analysis System. For now, the smombie warning system is placed only in Ilsan, a suburban city about30 kmnorthwest of the capital,Seoul, but is expected to go nationwide, according to the institute.Kim Dan-hee, a 23-year-old resident of Ilsan, welcomed the system, saying she was often too absorbed in her phone to remember to look at traffic. “This flashing light makes me feel safe as it makes me look around again, and I hope that we can have more of these in town,” she said.8. What do the underlined words “smartphone zombies” in paragraph 1 refer to?A. Drivers driving after drunk.B. Pedestrians buried in their phones.C. Passengers crazy about phones.D. Policemen in charge of traffic.9. What do we know about the warning system?A. It has reduced death rate by 83.4%.B. It has been spread nationwide.C. It gives a warning to the smartphones.D. It is being tried out in many places.10. What was the residents’ attitude to the traffic system?A. Negative.B. Unconcerned.C. Disapproving.D. Favorable.11. What is the best title for the text?A.South KoreaWarns Smartphone Zombies of TrafficB. Flashing Lights Are Used to Prevent AccidentsC. Smartphone Zombies Are Causing Traffic AccidentsD.South KoreaUses a New Traffic SystemDDid you know that the average child has heard the word "no" over 20,000 times before they turn the age of three? Ironically, it is also around this time that children begin to develop enough personal character to refuse to obey. The "terrible twos" are categorized by a lack of understanding. Somewhere between three and four, children begin to acquire the skills to reason. It is during this time they watch how other children and adults reason. If we're not careful, the children will watch us model a world of "NOs".By the time a person turns eighteen, how many times have they been told no? I haven't found any studies that even attempted to track this statistic, but I'm sure if the number is 20,000 by three, then at eighteen that number has multiplied. You can do the math.Anyway, I think I know why we say no. We say no to protect. We say no to direct. We say no to stop potential confusion. However, do we sometimes say no just for the sake of saying no? Do we say no because we have internalized(内在化)all of the "NOs" we've heard over the years and we feel it is finally our time to say no to someone else?The internalized no can damage the growth process of dreams in infancy as quickly as it can weaken a three-year-old. And we wonder why we run intopeople with big, un-accomplished dreams who have a bit of a chip on their shoulder. They have to take on the 20,000 NOs. However, the thing that keeps them going is the possibility of the power of ONE YES! Just as it only takes one book to make a writer a Pulitzer Prize Winner, it only takes one word to change the course of your day. That word is YES!12. What do we know about two- year- olds?A. They understand well.B. They often say no to others.C. They think logically.D. They don't do all they're told.13. What effect does saying no have on children?A. They lose all their dreams.B. They aren't easy to succeed.C. They don't make mistakes.D. They never say yes to others.14. Which word best describes the author's attitude to a world of "NOs"?A. Tolerant.B. Disapproving.C. Favorable.D. Carefree.15. What is the text?A. A how-to guide.B. A survey report.C. An opinion essay.D. A short story.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

上海市黄浦区2020届高三上学期期末质量调研(一模)英语试卷(详解版)

黄浦区2019~2020年第一学期期末高三年级英语学科教学质量监测试卷（本试卷满分140分，考试时间120分钟）I.Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections:In Section A,you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers.At the end of each conversation,a question will be asked about what was said.The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a conversation and the question about it,read the four possible answers on your paper,and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1.A.In a cosmetics shop. B.In a hospital. C.In a nutrition department. D.In a supermarket.2.A.Boss and secretary. B.Editor and publisher.C.Student and professor.D.Writer and reader.3.A.Open a wedding company. B.Try anew restaurant.C.Run his own bakery.D.Buy some insurance.4.A.The package is too big to deliver.B.The delivery can be made automatically.C.The woman will have lunch with the man.D.The man can make the delivery tomorrow morning.5.A.He was most difficult to satisfy. B.He set many special requirements.C.He inspected the project regularly.D.He was as common as other customers.6.A.An amazing book. B.A great woman.C.A scientific field.D.A strong voice.7.A.He himself is a big fan of Hepburn.B.He does not think the girl is like Hepburn.C.He felt puzzled by girls’love for Hepburn.D.He does not know anything about Hepburn.8.A.When to do mind-wandering. B.Where to have physical activities.C.How to keep attentive in a lecture.D.How to take notes in a lecture.9.A.Ordinary. B.Practical. C.Disturbing. D.Unrealistic.10.A.Decorating the company. B.Finishing a painting.C.Preparing a presentation.D.Restructuring the budget.Section BDirections:In Section B,you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation.After each passage or conversation,you will be asked several questions.The passages and the conversation will be read twice,but the questions will be spoken only once.When you hear a question,read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions11through13are based on the following passage.11.A.2. B.11. C.21. D.30.12.A.A horse. B.A dog. C.A pig. D.A cat.13.A.More annoyed. B.Less anxious. C.More frightened. D.Less shocked. Questions14through16are based on the following passage.14.A.Its clear aim. B.Its evaluation process.C.Its numerous applications.D.Its solid foundation.15.A.In1954. B.In2013. C.In2018. D.In2000.16.A.Its location and area. B.The categories of its collections.C.Its official WeChat account.D.The visiting experience it offers.Questions17through20are based on the following conversation.17.A.Consumer and gender. B.Age groups and activities.C.Sports and facilities.D.Training time and trend.18.A.Cycling. B.Jogging. C.Skiing. D.Swimming.19.A.18-26. B.27-35. C.36-45. D.46-55.20.A.To determine which item deserves priority.B.To get ideas for a more appealing slogan design.C.To know about teenagers’leisure sporting activities.D.To see which age group is at the top of consumption capability.Ⅱ.Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage below,fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct.For the blanks with a given word,fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word;for the other blanks,use one word that best fits each blank.Asleep on a plane:a case for window seatsI love to sleep on planes,and I have an unusual ability to sleep well on them.There have even been one or two occasions(21)________I have fallen asleep before takeoff and awakened upon the impact of landing,not having realized we had even left the ground.So when(22) ________(book)my flights,I always choose the window seat whenever possible.This allows me to lean my sleepy head against the wall of the plane for a bit(23)________(much)comfort.Some(24)________argue that the aisle（走廊）seat is superior for the leg space and the ability to get off swiftly and eye the snack cart.But in reality,we’re all getting our drinks and snacks(25)________seconds.Also,I find that if a person knows he’s in a window seat,he’ll choose to use the bathroom before boarding so that he(26)________(not need)to disturb his neighbor,which is just considerate.And he’ll seize the opportunity to get up when another seatmate gets up so that the seatmate needn’t(27)________(bother)more than once.As a photographer and visually oriented person,the window seat gives me the best views of cottony clouds,or a great sunset,or golden sunrise,etc.Most of all,(28)________________ I’ve been flying for years,I still get pleasure of seeing my departing city or country(29)________ (shrink)into the distance,and the butterflies in my stomach when I see the horizon of my destination come into view.And those feelings of adventure and excitement are(30)________ keep me coming back,flight after flight,to my window seat.Section BDirections:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box.Each word can only be used once.Note that there is one word more than you need.A.accessB.ariseC.attachmentD.definitelyE.partnerF.potentialG.shapeH.stimulatedI.subconsciouslyJ.traditionalK.unbankedBeyond Mobile Money:The Future of Asia’s FinTechMobile money has been the hottest part in financial technology for the last few years.But FinTech is more than just how people store money and transact（交易）--the space is much more horizontal,short cutting how we create,share,and protect value.The latest product of FinTech companies to__31__in Asia Pacific illustrates the many ways the space can help consumers beyond just their mobile wallet.It is important for all businesspersons to be aware of these trends,as their success opens up all sorts of possibilities for companies to__32__with them.And,on a much deeper level,new FinTechs may__33__ consumer expectations in even other tech industries.The Smart-phone Emerges a Credit-Scoring StandardWith close to half a billion__34__consumers in Southeast Asia alone,there is an entire industry of FinTechs devoted to finding ways to accurately determine their credit-worthiness to give them__35__to finance.Unfortunately,since they don’t have bank accounts,such FinTechs cannot rely on__36__financial information or credit card payments.One credit scoring source emerging as a new standard in the field is smart-phone-based credit scoring.It has__37__broad global support,including from the likes of the World-Bank.In one of its reports,the Asian Development Bank even stated that mobile data was a key to financial __38__,as it could improve customer recording,and,in turn,get an access to credit.AI Combines with the Wisdom of the CrowdThe most common slogan in today’s tech headlines is the“artificial intelligence.”Readers are fascinated with how AI has the__39__to transform every consumer and enterprise（企业）industry.While such focus is appropriate that AI will__40__change the world,it leaves out a crucial element that will go hand-in-hand with its rise:the wisdom of the crowd.Ⅲ.Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections:For each blank in the following passage,there are four words or phrases marked A,B, C and D.Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Endangered languages can be found throughout the world.Many languages now have fewer than100or even fewer than10speakers.The crisis is not limited to remote regions of the world.When Europeans first arrived in North America,312different languages were__41__,of which123are now known to be extinct.Of the__42__languages,most speakers are grandparents and great-grandparents.Different researchers offer different definitions of“endangered”.The system of__43__ used by the Catalogue of Endangered Languages evaluates languages in four areas:the__44__of all the speakers,how often the language is conveyed to the next__45__,the rate at which it is losing speakers and the__46__in which it is used.Based on this data,languages are ranked on a six-point scale from“safe”to“severely endangered.”The midpoint,“endangered”refers to language with between100and1,000speakers who represent about half of the language’s community or ethnic group.The language is spoken only by some parents,of whom very fewteach it to their children.It is__47__used at home and is not taught in schools or used for government business.Languages become endangered due to a number of__48__factors including globalization,economics,technology,education policy,and changes in__49__attitudes.As the forces of globalization make the world more interconnected,previously__50__language communities come under pressure to participate in a larger economy,which means learning the area’s majority language.__51__,local schools often begin to teach the majority language instead of the local tongue.Local languages also__52__as communities adopt mobile phones and computers most of which run on software that has been translated into only a handful of languages. This trend__53__as these devices connect users to the Internet.At this point,many communities undergo a cultural__54__in which parents no longer value the language enough to teach it to their children.Initiatives to__55__endangered languages have become more numerous in recent years. These efforts tend to focus on two main areas:the documentation of endangered languages,and efforts to increase the use of endangered languages among younger speakers and in the community at large.41.A.at hand B.at risk C.in use D.in view42.A.ancient B.evolving C.local D.surviving43.A.assessment B.classification C.description D.research44.A.age B.background C.number D.religionmittee B.century C.generation ernment46.A.content B.occupations C.situations D.themes47.A.advisedly B.efficiently C.primarily D.rarely48.A.balancing plicating C.historical D.interrelated49.A.cultural B.mental C.moral D.religious50.A.foreign rmal C.isolated D.national51.A.For example B.In contrast C.In response D.Vice versa52.A.boom B.develop C.disappear D.suffer53.A.ceases B.changes C.increases D.starts54.A.difference B.influence C.shift D.variety55.A.enrich B.purify C.refresh D.standardize Section BDirections:Read the following three passages.Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.(A)Many of China’s ancient architectural treasures smashed to dust before Lin Huiyin and Liang Sicheng began documenting them in the1930s.The husband and wife team were among the first preservationists to operate in China,and by far the best known.Their efforts have since inspired generations of people to speak out for architecture threatened by the rush toward development.Becoming China’s best architectural historians was no easy accomplishment.The buildings they wanted to save were centuries old located in distant parts of the country.In manycases,they had to journey through dangerous conditions in the Chinese countryside to reach them. Exploring China’s remote areas during the1930s meant traveling muddy,poorly maintained roads by mule（骡子）or on foot.Inns were often dirty food could be polluted,and there was always risk or violence from rebels,soldiers and robbers.Their greatest discovery was the Temple of Buddha’s Light,in Wutai County,Shanxi Province.The breathtaking wooden temple was built in857A.D.,making it the oldest building known in China at the time.Liang and Lin crawled into the temple’s most forbidding,forgotten areas to determine its age,including one hideaway inhibited by thousands or bats and millions of bedbugs,covered in dust and littered with dead bats.“In complete darkness and among the awful smell,hardly breathing,with thick masks covering our noses and mouths,we measured,drew,and photographed with flashlights for several hours.When at last we came out to take a breath of fresh air,we found hundreds of bedbugs in our bag.We ourselves had been badly bitten.Yet the importance and unexpectedness of our find made those the happiest hours of my years hunting for ancient architecture.”Liang wrote of the experience in an account included in“Liang and Lin; Partners in Exploring China’s Architectual Past.”56.On their way to the ancient buildings in1930s,Liang and Lin faced following risks EXCEPT ________.A.accommodationsB.personal securityC.road conditionsD.vehicles57.Liang and Lin raised public awareness of________.A.documenting smashed historical buildingsB.rebuilding historically valuable buildingsC.saving the oldest temples in ChinaD.Protecting historical buildings.58.While exploring the Temple of Buddha’s Light,________A.Liang and Lin caught insects with awful smell.B.Liang and Lin were forbidden to breathe insideC.Liang and Lin were pleased at something unhoped forD.Liang and Lin determined its age by studying bedbug’s hideaway59.Which of the following is the best title for the passage?A.Creativeness results in discoveryB.Difficulty produces achievementC.Efforts contribute to happinessD.Responsibilities make development(B)HP ENVY Photo7155All-in-One PrinterSpecial offers:Free shipping!Print,Scan,Copy,Web,PhotoPrint speed ISO:Up to14ppm black,up to9ppm colorGo from memory card to photo printout with easeInstant Ink ready;High yield ink available----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------$179.99$99.99Add to cart Ships within I business dayProduct#K7G93A#B1HFor expert advice,price matching,or help with orders,call1-866-625-6132.Protect your Device●1-Year Standard Warranty Includedwith an HP Care Pack○2Year Next Day Exchange ENVY5055,6255,7155$18.00HP Recommends○3Year Next Day Exchange ENVY5055,6255,7155$25.00----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Features Specs Ink&Paper Support Special offers Reviews Get true-to-life photos and increased adaptability.Produce true colors,and set up, connect,and print right from your mobile device.Go from memory card to photo printout with ease.HP Photo and Document All-in-One Printers are designed for families and other home users who want a device capable of printing everything from documents,emails and web pages to rich,bright lab-quality photos-with copy and scan tools too.Active security enabled printer.Intended to be used with containers using only HP original electronic electrical system.Containers with modified or non-HP electronic circuitry may not work,and those that work today may not work in the future.Twice as many photosPrint up to twice as many pages with Original HP high-yield ink containers.HP64ink containers deliver true colors so all your prints will shine.Create splendid borderless photos and leaflets--right in your home.The Power of your printer in your handPrinting photos just got easier-from social media,the cloud,and your camera-roll gallery.Amazing scanning,now on your smart-phone.Scan and share to email or the cloud-from virtually anywhere.Ordering ink has never been easier-directly through the app.Easily print photos and everyday documents directly from your smart-phone or tablet.A new level of wireless connectivity you can count onGet simple Wi-Fi setup in minutes,and start printing fast.Return&exchange information will accept returns or exchanges for this product up to30days after delivery.A restocking fee may apply.60.Which statement is true of this type of printer?A.It is a portable printer designed for home and office use.B.It is a multi-function printer producing high-quality photos.C.It is an easy-operation printer with a two-year free care pack.D.It is a wireless-connected printer protected by modified containers.61.Which of the following words best describe its“ink container”?A.AdaptableB.Automatic.C.Cost-effective.D.Eco-friendly.62.If you order this type of printer online today,__________.A.you will receive it tomorrowB.you can return it without being chargedC.you can get a care pack on discountD.you can save$80.(C)①Risk is something we face daily.However,some people are obviously more willing to take risks than others.②Biologists appear to have discovered a physical reason that explains why some people are risk-takers.Dopamine is a neurotransmitter,a chemical that spreads signals between nerve cells.It is linked to the brains reward system and is the chemical that makes us feel good,and scientists believe it to be inked to risk-taking.Our nerve cells have dopamine receptors（接收器）which control the amount of dopamine that each cell receives.But not all receptors may be active. When a person had few active receptors to control the amount of dopamine that is received,a cell can become flooded resulting in an extreme feeling of happiness.③researchers at Vanderbilt University and Albert Einstein College of Medicine asked34 men and women to complete a questionnaire about their risk taking to assess whether they seek new opportunities or are cautious in life.The results of the research were consistent with similar studies carried out with rats,and had the same outcome.It concluded that people who are risk-takers have fewer dopamine receptors than people who are not.This suggests that the rush of pleasure a risk taker receives when a cell becomes flooded with dopamine can become addictive for some people.They therefore pursue new and exciting activities in order to try to repeat this feeling,and as a result their concern for risk becomes considerable reduced.④Dopamine gives us a biological reason for risk-taking,but scientists believe there may be psychological reasons too.Sensation-seeking is a personality characteristic that describes the desire to find activities that bring us pleasure.In1964,psychologist Marvin Zuckerman created the sensation-seeking scale.His40-item questionnaire,still used today,was given to people who were active in seeking new activities,and to people who were more satisfied with a quiet life. While risk-taking is not a characteristic in itself,it is very much associated with sensation-seeking,as a high sensation-seeker does not evaluate risk in the same way that a low sensation-seeker does.a desire to achieve pleasure means that there is a greater willingness to take more risks.⑤There are both biological and psychological explanations as to why some people may choose to take more risks than others.However,none of these explanations are definitive.63.If a person has fewer active dopamine receptors.________.A.he is less likely to feel happyB.he is more willing to take risksC.he will eventually become dopamine-addictiveD.he is poorer at controlling the amount of dopamine64.The underlined phrase“consistent with”is closest to“________”in meaning.A.contrary toB.in agreement withC.at the cost ofD.persistent in65.What can be concluded from paragraph4?A.The longing for pleasure may lead to risk taking.B.A willingness to take more risks can be cultivated.C.The sensation-seeking scale can help to evaluate risk.D.High sensation-seekers are more common than low ones.66.This passage mainly talks about________.A.when we learn to take risksB.how risk-taking benefits usC.what makes risk-takersD.why we should take risksSection CDirections:Read the following passage.Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once.Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A.Many options require city-level investment in new facilities.B.However,it is not yet clear which technologies and fuels cities will back.C.Through their actions,city governments today are helping to shape the cities of the future.D.For example,London is requiring all newly licensed taxis to be zero-emission capable from 2018.E.City planners are using transport-oriented development to increase density while maintaining quality of life and property value.F.Some cities,such as Delhi,are investing heavily in creating the mass transport systems needed to change how citizens travel.Sustainable Transport in CitiesTransport has always shaped cities.In Medieval times crossroads gave birth to blooming market towns.Many North American cities were created for the car.But how are the cities of today being shaped by a need for more sustainable transport?Many local governments are speeding up change through policy initiatives such as joined transport,congestion charges and low emission zones,sustainable gaining and life-cycle costing, and opening data up to companies and academics.And these city level policies can move markets in more sustainable directions.___67___This has resulted in five vehicle manufacturers committing to meeting that deadline,which is both in their own commercial interests and good for the environment.The least dense cities,for example,Houston,have per capita（人均价）carbon emissions nearly ten times higher than the densest,such as Singapore.___68___This involves gathering mixed use developments around a key transport center,as with the KL Central area in Kuala Lumpur,built around the largest railway station in Southeast Asia.___69___Others are using motivations and behavioural change to encourage people to choose more efficient--and often healthier--forms of transport.Copenhagen has a number of progressive cycling policies including the Green Wave,which allows people cycling at20km/h to hit all green lights during rush hour.Light weighing and new engine and fuel technologies are helping to make existing road and rail vehicles more efficient.___70___The main options are hydrogen fuel cells,fossil fuel hybrids,and electric vehicles,and the best solution may well vary from city to city.Ⅳ.Summary WritingDirections:Read the following passage.Summarize the main idea and the main point(s)of the passage in no more e your own words as far as possible.Online“friends”--a threat to developmentThe impact of technology on the nature of our friendships has been a much-debated topic since the dramatic rise of social networks.Advances in mobile technology and social networking websites mean we spend more time online than ever before.It is therefore not surprising that so many psychologists,sociologists,and others are eager to give their thoughts on how this is impacting negatively on our society.There is one element of social networking that is deeply worrying.We find ourselves in ahyper-connected world where people access social media day and night,excited to make announcements about the tiniest details of their lives.Research is starting to show that this culture is negatively affecting not our friendships but our character.Professor Larry D.Rosen says that young people who overuse social networking sites can become ineffective,and display anti-social behavior in their offline lives.But perhaps an even more disturbing effect is that one of our most basic emotions seems to be disappearing--empathy.This is the emotion that allows us to see the world from our friends’points of view.Without it,we are far less able to connect and form meaningful adult relationships.Professor Sherry Turkle suggests that people are no longer comfortable being alone.This is something confirmed by a study where200university students were asked to go without social media for24hours.Many admitted an addiction to their online social network;most complained that they felt cut off from family and friends.And yet being alone is a time when we self-reflect and get in touch with who we really are.It is only when we do this that we can make meaningful friendships with others.These potential changes in our characters are rather alarming,so it is clear that we can’t neglect those negative impacts of social networks.第Ⅱ卷Ⅴ.TranslationDirections:Translate the following sentences into English,using the words given in the brackets.72.这些安全措施仍将继续实施至下月初。

2020届上海市黄浦学校高三英语一模试题及参考答案

2020届上海市黄浦学校高三英语一模试题及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AI truly thought thatI might die that day. Had I not seen three bears and a few wolves over the last couple of days near the road, I might have just lain down and called it quits. What in the world was I thinking, dragging my bike up to Yellowstone and thinking I could ride from West Yellowstone to Old Faithful in the snow? No less!I had planned this trip for more than two months, and I wasn't about to give up so easily. The first few miles were beautiful. Ten miles in, I started sucking wind. Fifteen miles and my legs felt like they were made of lead. By twenty miles, my lungs were burning and felt like there was nothing left in the tank. That was when I turned around and saw my husband and three children cheering me on in the van behind me. I knew I couldn't quit because I tell my children all the time that just because something is hard doesn't mean that you stop doing it. I had to live what I'd been preaching(说教). That thought got me up that mountain and to the end of the ride.The importance of that ride was apparent after only a week. My eight-year-old daughter Emalee wanted to ride in a twelve-mile charity ride. That day was cold as well. She was the youngest rider. About four miles into the ride, she started feeling cold. The chill(寒冷)was making her muscles cramp a little and she began to struggle. By six miles, she had tears running down her face. It broke my heart to see her suffering like that.I told herthat she didn't have to finish. She said that she wouldn't quit. I told her how I had wanted to quit the week before, but perseverance had gotten me to the end and I knew she could do it, too.The look on her face as she pulled into the finish was priceless. She threw her arms around me and said, “You didn't quit, Mommy, so neither did I.”1. What motivated the author to finish her ride?A. Her family's encouragement.B. Her own instruction for children.C. The beautiful scenery and weather.D. The careful and thorough preparation.2. By describing the conditions Emalee met, the author wanted to________.A. show her guilt for her daughterB. prove that riding is a tough taskC. persuade her daughter to give upD. indicate she was proud of Emalee3. What does the author want to tell us according to the story?A. Never say die.B. Do nothing by halves.C. Children are what the mothers are.D. Every mother's child is handsome.BCraig Blackburn, a father and car fan, built a Batmobile for his son’s hope for using the vehicle to brighten the lives of sick children. And now he hopes to use it for more than just his sons hope after seeing the childrens reaction to the Batmobile.Based on the number of failures he had seen in car groups, he estimated that only about one in 50 attempted constructions was actually finished and he realized what an incredible opportunity he had.Mr. Blackburn started the project at the beginning of 2018 after hearing a friend in the US was doing the same thing. It started with importing an outer shell overseas, before picking brains of a friend who had a background as a worker in a car factory to gain knowledge of how to build the car. With the help of his friend, Mr. Blackburn built the Batmobile in 18 months with the cost reaching six figures.Mr.Blackburn hoped to add a flamethrower(喷火器)onto the back of the vehicle and said he had thought about building the more recent Batman Tumbler from the series film Dark Knight. Though Mr. Blackburn encountered plenty of difficulties to get over during the construction, in September 2019, the carmade its first show at the Carnival of Flowers in Toowoomba, before being used by Blackburn’s son for his hope.“It was great. It was so good to see the kids’ and adults’ excitement at seeing the Batmobile.” Mr. Blackburn said. As a result, the car lovers hope to make the car work on the roads as soon as possible, so he can visit sick children and take them out with his son.4. What is Craig Blackburn’s initial purpose of making the Batmobile?A. To realize his son’s dream.B. To donate it to sick children.C. To pay his respects to the film Dark Knight.D. To show off at the Carnival of Flowers in Toowoomba.5. How did Blackburn feel about the car-making at first?A. Hopeful.B. Confused.C. Impossible.D. Unsure.6. How did Blackburn’s friend help him?A. By making an outer shell for him.B. By offering him financial support.C. By sharing the knowledge of building cars.D. By telling him the background of the car factory.7. What is the car lovers’ expectation of the Batmobile?A. It will be driven soon on the roads.B. It can be displayed around the world.C. It can change the lives of sick children.D. It will appear in the next film about Batman.CJapan has announced emergency Covid measures in Tokyo and three other areas in order to control rising infections (传染病), just three months before the country is set to host the Olympics. The government said the state of emergency — set to last for about two weeks— would be “short and powerful”. Under the measures, bars will be required to close and big sporting events will be held without audience. The government has insisted that the Olympics will go ahead in July.Prime minister Yoshihide Suga announced the measures on Friday, saying they would begin on Sunday and remain in place until 11 May. In addition to to Tokyo, Osaka, Kyoto and Hyogo will be affected. It has marked the third state of emergency in japan since the pandemic began. “I sincerely apologize for causing trouble for many people again,” he said. “It is feared that infection in major cities will spread across the whole country if we take no measures.”Under the rules, major facilities like department stores will close, as well as restaurants, bars, and KTV rooms serving alcohol. Restaurants that do not serve alcohol are being told to close early, and companies are being asked to make arrangements for people to work remotely. Schools will remain open. Besides, the emergency measurescoincide withthe country’s “Golden Week” holiday, which runs from late April to the first week of May and is the busiest travel period of the year. Tokyo governor Yuriko Koike urged residents to start taking precautions immediately. In an effort to discourage people from going out at night. She said neon signs (霓虹灯) would be turned off.The coronavirus toll in Japan has been much lower than that in many other countries, with about 558,000cases and fewer than 10,000 deaths, according to figures collected by Johns Hopkins University. But there are concerns over the latest rise in infections, with reports of hospital bed shortages in some areas.Tokyo 2020 president Seiko Hashimoto said at a news conference on Friday that organizers were not considering canceling the event. “I hope the coronavirus situation improves with the prevention measures the government, Tokyo, and other regional governments have put into place,” she said. “We, as Tokyo 2020, continue to wish for the swift return to normal and will continue to work closely to make sure a safe and secure Olympics can happen.”8. According to the passage, what does Japanese government advise people to do?A. To watch a live game.B. To work at home.C. To hang out in the evening.D. To study at home.9. What is the aim of bringing in emergency Covid measures?A. To relieve people's fear of the the pandemic.B. To settle the problem of hospital bed shortages.C. To test government’s management of emergency.D. To ensure the smooth running of the upcoming Olympics.10. Which words can best describe the government’s action?A. generous and brilliant.B. costly but useless.C. positive and considerate.D. accidental but efficient.11. What does the underlined phrase “coincide with” in Paragraph 3 mean?A. meet withB. deal withC. make upD. set upDFor 30 years we have been told how temperatures have been rising rapidly to unheard of levels. This is causing polar ice to melt, sea-levels to rise and has brought about adangerous increase in extreme weather events. These intense climatic changes would likely present challenges to our society and environment.The causes of climate change are mainly anthropogenic (人为的) in nature. Since the industrial revolution, human activities have increased the amount of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. The increased amount of gases which absorb heat has led to more heat being kept in the atmosphere, causing global warming.The certainty of global warming can be seen through some of the natural phenomena like the effect on crops and extreme weather conditions around the world. The most recent assessment report says that the earth’s average temperature has risen by 0. 74 degrees in the period from 1906 to 2005, and that the averagetemperature will continue to rise. There have also been more violent downpours, sea levels have risen and the ice at the world’s poles and on its mountains is melting. The rising sea level is flooding the low-lying countries inAsiaand small islands in the Pacific. This may lead to the displacement of millions of people, loss of millions of land and consequently billions of dollars.Troubled by the serious situation, world leaders came together for the 2015 United Nations (UN) Climate Change Conference inParis. The climate talks led to 196 countries reaching a landmark agreement that will, for the first time, commit nearly every country to lowering planet-warming greenhouse gas emissions to address global climate change. That was certainly an encouraging step forward for our earth and mankind!As the world leaders continue to commit themselves to monitor our sick planet, we need to continue to take small steps to heal the world. We are left with not much of a choice. If only we could just pack our bags and migrate to Mars!12. What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about?A. The information of industrial revolution.B. The greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.C. The reasons of climate change.D. The result of extreme weather events.13. What can we infer from the last paragraph?A. We have made great achievements.B. Some measures are still required to take.C. Mars is suitable for people’s living.D. Some countries will receive urgent aid.14. Which can be a suitable title for the text?A. Long Live Planet Earth!B.Environment Changes Rapidly!C. What Serious Global Warming!D. How Important the UN Agreement Is!15. Which of the following shows the structure of the whole text?A. B.C. D.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

上海黄浦区高三上学期期末调研测试英语试题含解析

2020年上海市黄浦区高考英语一模试卷I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections：In Section A，you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation，a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it，read the four possible answers onyour paper，and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1．（1分）A．In a cosmetics shop．B．In a hospital．C．In a nutrition department．D．In a supermarket．2．（1分）A．Boss and secretary．B．Editor and publisher．C．Student and professor．D．Writer and reader．3．（1分）A．Open a wedding company．B．Try a new restaurant．C．Run his own bakery．D．Buy some insurance．4．（1分）A．The package is too big to deliver．B．The delivery can be made automatically．C．The woman will have lunch with the man．D．The man can make the delivery tomorrow morning．5．（1分）A．He was most difficult to satisfy．B．He set many special requirements．C．He inspected the project regularly．D．He was as common as other customers．6．（1分）A．An amazing book．B．A great woman．C．A scientific field．D．A strong voice．7．（1分）A．He himself is a big fan of Hepburn．B．He does not think the girl is like Hepburn．C．He felt puzzled by girls' love for Hepburn．D．He does not know anything about Hepburn．8．（1分）A．When to do mind﹣wandering．B．Where to have physical activities．C．How to keep attentive in a lecture．D．How to take notes in a lecture．9．（1分）A．Ordinary．B．Practical．C．Disturbing．D．Unrealistic．10．（1分）A．Decorating the company．B．Finishing a painting．C．Preparing a presentation．D．Restructuring the budget．Section BDirections：In Section B，you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation. After each passage or conversation，you will be asked several questions. The passages and the conversation will be read twice，but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question，read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.11．（4.5分）（1）A．2．B．11．C．21．D．30．（2）A． A horse．B．A dog．C．A pig．D．A cat．（3）A．More annoyed．B．Less anxious．C．More frightened．D．Less shocked．12．（4.5分）（1）A．Its clear aim．B．Its evaluation process．C．Its numerous applications．D．Its solid foundation．（2）A．In 1954．B．In 2013．C．In 2018．D．In 2000．（3）A．Its location and area．B．The categories of its collections．C．Its official WeChat account．D．The visiting experience it offers．13．（6分）（1）A．Consumer and gender．B．Age groups and activities．C．Sports and facilities．D．Training time and trend．（2）A．Cycling．B．Jogging．C．Skiing．D．Swimming．（3）A．18﹣26．B．27﹣35．C．36﹣45．D．46﹣55．（4）A．To determine which item deserves priority．B．To get ideas for a more appealing slogan design．C．To know about teenagers' leisure sporting activities．D．To see which age group is at the top of consumption capability．II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections：After reading the passage below，fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word，fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word；for the other blanks，use one word that best fits each blank.14．（10分）Asleep on a plane：a case for window seatsI love to sleep on planes，and I have an unusual ability to sleep well on them．Therehave even been one or two occasions （1）I have fallen asleep before takeoff and awakened upon the impact of landing，not having realized we had even left the ground．So when （2）（book）my flights，I always choose the window seat whenever possible．This allows me to lean my sleepy head against the wall of the plane for a bit （3）（much）comfort．Some （4）argue that the aisle （走廊）seat is superior for the leg space and the ability to getoff swiftly and eye the snack cart．But in reality，we're all getting our drinks and snacks （5）seconds．Also，I find that if a person knows he's in a window seat，he'll choose to use the bathroom before boarding so that he （6）（not need）to disturb his neighbor，which is just considerate．And he'll seize the opportunity to get up when another seatmate gets up so that the seatmate needn't （7）（bother）more than once．As a photographer and visually oriented person，the window seat gives me the best views of cottony clouds，or a great sunset，or golden sunrise，etc．Most of all，（8）I've been flying for years，I still get pleasure of seeing my departing city or country （9）（shrink）into the distance，and the butterflies in my stomach when I see the horizon of my destination come into view．And those feelings of adventure and excitement are （10）keep me coming back，flight after flight，to my window seat．Section BDirections：Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.15．（10分）Beyond Mobile Money：The Future of Asia's FinTechMobile money has been the hottest part in financial technology for the last few years．But FinTech is more than just how people store money and transact（交易）﹣the space is much more horizontal，shortcutting how we create，share，and protect value．The latest product of FinTech companies to （1）in Asia Pacific illustrates the many ways the space can help consumers beyond just their mobile wallet．It is important for all businesspersons to be aware of these trends，as their success opens up all sorts of possibilities for companies to （2）with them．And，on a much deeper level，new FinTechs may （3）consumer expectations in even other tech industries．The Smartphone Emerges as a Credit﹣Scoring StandardWith close to half a billion （4）consumers in Southeast Asia alone，there is an entire industry of FinTechs devoted to finding ways to accurately determine their credit﹣worthiness to give them （5）to finance．Unfortunately，since they don't have bank accounts，such FinTechs cannot rely on （6）financial information or credit card payments．One credit scoring source emerging as a new standard in the field is smartphone﹣based credit scoring．It has （7）broad global support，including from the likes of the World Bank．In one of its reports，the Asian Development Bank even stated that mobile data was a key to financial （8），as it could improve customer recording，and，in turn，get an access to credit．AI Combines with the Wisdom of the CrowdThe most common slogan in today's tech headlines is the "artificial intelligence"．Readers are fascinated with how AI has the （9）to transform every consumer and enterprise （企业）industry．While such focus is appropriate that AI will （10）change the world，it leaves out a crucial element that will go hand﹣in﹣hand with its rise：the wisdom of the crowd．III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections：For each blank in the following passag，there are four words or phrases marked A，B，C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.16．（15分）Endangered languages can be found throughout the world．Many languages now have fewer than 100 or even fewer than 10 speakers．The crisis is not limited to remote regions of the world．When Europeans first arrived in North America，312 different languages were （1），of which 123 are now known to be extinct．Of the （2）languages，most speakers are grandparents and great﹣grandparents．Different researchers offer different definitions of "endangered"．The system of （3）used by the Catalogue of Endangered Languages evaluates languages in four areas：the （4）of all the speakers，how often the language is conveyed to the next （5），the rate at which it is losing speakers and the（6）in which it is used．Based on this data，languages are ranked on a six﹣point scale from "safe" to "severely endangered．" The midpoint，"endangered" refers to a language with between 100 and 1，000 speakers who represent about half of the language's community or ethnic group．The language is spoken only by some parents，of whom very few teach it to their children．It is （7）used at home and is not taught in schools or used for government business．Languages become endangered due to a number of （8）factors including globalization，economics，technology，education policy，and changes in （9）attitudes．As the forces of globalization make the world more interconnected，previously （10）language communities come under pressure to participate in a larger economy，which means learning the area's majority language．（11），local schools often begin to teach the majority language instead of the local tongue．Local languages also （12）as communities adopt mobile phones and computers，most of which run on software that has been translated into only a handful of languages．This trend （13）as these devices connect users to the Internet．At this point，many communities undergo a cultural （14）in which parents no longer value the language enough to teach it to their children．Initiatives to （15）endangered languages have become more numerous in recent years．These efforts tend to focus on two main areas：the documentation of endangered languages，and efforts to increase the use of endangered languages among younger speakers and in the community at large．（1）A．at hand B．at risk C．in use D．in view （2）A．ancient B．evolving C．local D．surviving （3）A．assessment B．classification C．description D．research （4）A．age B．background C．number D．religion （5）A．committee B．century C．generation D．government （6）A．content B．occupations C．situations D．themes （7）A．advisedly B．efficiently C．primarily D．rarely （8）A．balancing B．complicating C．historical D．interrelated （9）A．cultural B．mental C．moral D．religious （10）A．foreign B．informal C．isolated D．national （11）A．For example B．In contrast C．In response D．Vice versa （12）A．boom B．develop C．disappear D．suffer（13）A．ceases B．changes C．increases D．starts（14）A．difference B．influence C．shift D．variety （15）A．enrich B．purify C．refresh D．standardize Section BDirections：Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A，B，C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.17．（8分）Many of China's ancient architectural treasures smashed to dust before Lin Huiyin and Liang Sicheng began documenting them in the 1930s．The husband and wife team were among the first preservationists to operate in China，and by far the best known．Their efforts have since inspired generations of people to speak out for architecture threatened by the rush toward development．Becoming China's best architectural historians was no easy accomplishment．The buildings they wanted to save were centuries old，located in distant parts of the country．In many cases，they had to journey through dangerous conditions in the Chinese countryside to reach them．Exploring China's remote areas during the 1930s meant traveling muddy，poorlymaintained roads by mule（骡子）or on foot．Inns were often dirty，food could be polluted，and there was always risk of violence from rebels，soldiers and robbers．Their greatest discovery was the Temple of Buddha's Light，in Wutai County，Shanxi Province．Thebreathtaking wooden temple was built in 857 A．D．，making it the oldest building known in China at the time．Liang and Lin crawled into the temple's most forbidding，forgotten areas to determine its age，including one hideaway inhabited by thousands of bats and millions of bedbugs，covered in dust and littered with dead bats．"In complete darkness and among the awful smell，hardly breathing，with thick masks covering our noses and mouths，we measured，drew，and photographed with flashlights for several hours．When at last we came out to take a breath of fresh air，we found hundreds of bedbugs in our bag．We ourselves had been badly bitten．Yet the importance and unexpectedness of our find made those the happiest hours of my years hunting for ancient architecture．" Liang wrote of the experience in an account included in "Liang and Lin：Partners in Exploring China's Architectural Past．"（1）On their way to the ancient buildings in 1930s，Liang and Lin faced following risks EXCEPT．A．accommodationsB．personal securityC．road conditionsD．vehicles（2）Liang and Lin raised public awareness of．A．documenting smashed historical buildingsB．rebuilding historically valuable buildingsC．saving the oldest temples in ChinaD．protecting historical buildings（3）While exploring the Temple of Buddha's Light，．A．Liang and Lin caught insects with awful smellB．Liang and Lin were forbidden to breathe insideC．Liang and Lin were pleased at something unhoped forD．Liang and Lin determined its age by studying bedbugs' hideaway（4）Which of the following is the best title for the passage？A．Creativeness results in discoveryB．Difficulty produces achievementC．Efforts contribute to happinessD．Responsibilities make development18．（6分）Get true﹣to﹣life photos and increased adaptability．Produce true colors，and set up，connect，and print right from your mobile device．Go from memory card to photo printout with ease．HP Photo and Document All﹣in﹣One Printers are designed for families and other home users who want a device capable of printing everything from documents，emails and web pages to rich，bright lab﹣quality photos﹣with copy and scan tools too．Active security enabled printer．Intended to be used with containers using only HP original electronic electrical system．Containers with modified or non﹣HP electronic circuitry may not work，and those that work today may not work in the future．Twice as many photosPrint up to twice as many pages with Original HP high﹣yield ink containers．HP 64 ink containers deliver true colors so all your prints will shine．Create splendid borderless photos and leaflets﹣right in your home．The power of your printer in your handPrinting photos just got easier ﹣from social media，the cloud，and your camera﹣roll gallery．Amazing scanning，now on your smartphone．Scan and share to email or the cloud ﹣from virtually anywhere．Ordering ink has never been easier ﹣directly through the app．Easily print photos and everyday documents directly from your smartphone or tablet．A new level of wireless connectivity you can count onGet simple Wi﹣Fi® setup in minutes，and start printing fast．Return & exchange informationHP．com will accept returns or exchanges for this product up to 30 days after delivery．A restocking fee may apply．（1）Which statement is true of this type of printer？A．It is a portable printer designed for home and office use．B．It is a multi﹣function printer producing high﹣quality photos．C．It is an easy﹣operation printer with a two﹣year free care pack．D．It is a wireless﹣connected printer protected by modified containers．（2）Which of the following words best describe its "ink container"？A．Adaptable．B．Automatic．C．Cost﹣effective．D．Eco﹣friendly．（3）If you order this type of printer online today，．A．you will receive it tomorrowB．you can return it without being chargedC．you can get a care pack on discountD．you can save﹩8019．（8分）①Risk is something we face daily．However，some people are obviously more willing to take risks than others．②Biologists appear to have discovered a physical reason that explains why some people arerisk﹣takers．Dopamine is a neurotransmitter，a chemical that spreads signals between nerve cells．It is linked to the brains reward system and is the chemical that makes us feel good，and scientists believe it to be linked to risk﹣taking．Our nerve cells have dopamine receptors（接收器）which control the amount of dopamine that each cell receives．But not all receptors may be active．When a person has few active receptors to control the amount of dopamine that is received，a cell can become flooded resulting in an extreme feeling of happiness．③Researchers at Vanderbilt University and Albert Einstein College of Medicine asked 34 menand women to complete a questionnaire about their risk taking to assess whether they seek new opportunities or are cautious in life．The results of the research were consistent with similar studies carried out with rats，and had the same outcome．It concluded that people who are risk﹣takers have fewer dopamine receptors than people who are not．This suggests that the rush of pleasure a risk taker receives when a cell becomes flooded with dopamine can become addictive for some people．They therefore pursue new and exciting activities in order to try to repeat this feeling，and as a result their concern for risk becomes considerably reduced．④Dopamine gives us a biological reason for risk﹣taking，but scientists believe there may bepsychological reasons too．Sensation﹣seeking is a personality characteristic that describes the desire to find activities that bring us pleasure．In 1964，psychologist Marvin Zuckerman created the sensation﹣seeking scale．His 40﹣item questionnaire，still used today，was given to people who were active in seeking new activities，and to people who were more satisfied with a quiet life．While risk﹣taking is not a characteristic in itself，it is very much associated with sensation﹣seeking，as a high sensation﹣seeker does not evaluate risk in the same way that a low sensation﹣seeker does．A desire to achieve pleasure means that there isa greater willingness to take more risks．⑤There are both biological and psychological explanations as to why some people maychoose to takemore risks than others．However，none of these explanations are definitive．（1）If a person has fewer active dopamine receptors，．A．he is less likely to feel happyB．he is more willing to take risksC．he will eventually become dopamine﹣addictiveD．he is poorer at controlling the amount of dopamine（2）The underlined phrase "consistent with" is closest to "" in meaning．A．contrary toB．in agreement withC．at the cost ofD．persistent in（3）What can be concluded from paragraph 4？A．The longing for pleasure may lead to risk taking．B．A willingness to take more risks can be cultivated．C．The sensation﹣seeking scale can help to evaluate risk．D．High sensation﹣seekers are more common than low ones．（4）This passage mainly talks about．A．when we learn to take risksB．how risk﹣taking benefits usC．what makes risk﹣takersD．why we should take risksSection CDirections：Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.20．（8分）Sustainable Transport in CitiesTransport has always shaped cities．In Medieval times crossroads gave birth to blooming market towns．Many North American cities were created for the car．But how are the cities of today being shaped by a need for more sustainable transport？Many local governments are speeding up change through policy initiatives such as joined transport，congestion charges and low emission zones，sustainable gaining and lifecycle costing，and opening data up to companies and academics．And these city level policies can move markets in more sustainable directions．（1）This has resulted in five vehicle manufacturers committing to meeting that deadline，which is both in their own commercial interests and good for the environment．The least dense cities，for example，Houston，have per capita（人均的）carbon emissions nearly ten times higher than the densest，such as Singapore．（2）This involves gathering mixed use developments around a key transport center，as with the KL Central area in Kuala Lumpur，built around the largest railway station in Southeast Asia．（3）Others are using motivations and behavioural change to encourage people to choose more efficient﹣and often healthier﹣forms of transport．Copenhagen has a number of progressive cycling policies including the Green Wave，which allows people cycling at 20km/h to hit all green lights during rush hour．Light weighting and new engine and fuel technologies are helping to make existing roadand rail vehicles more efficient．（4）The main options are hydrogen fuel cells，fossil fuel hybrids，and electric vehicles，and the best solution may well vary from city to city．IV. Summary Writing21．（15分）Directions：Read the following passage．Summarize the main idea and the main point（s）of the passage in no more than 60 words．Use your own words as far as possible．Online "friends" ﹣a threat to developmentThe impact of technology on the nature of our friendships has been a much﹣debated topic since the dramatic rise of social networks．Advances in mobile technology and social networking websites mean we spend more time online than ever before．It is therefore not surprising that so many psychologists，sociologists，and others are eager to give their thoughts on how this is impacting negatively on our society．There is one element of social networking that is deeply worrying．We find ourselves in a hyper﹣connected world where people access social media day and night，excited to make announcements about the tiniest details of their lives．Research is starting to show that this culture is negatively affecting not our friendships but our character．Professor Larry D．Rosen says that young people who overuse social networking sites can become ineffective，aggressive，and display anti﹣social behavior in their offline lives．But perhaps an even more disturbing effect is that one of our most basic emotions seems to be disappearing ﹣empathy．This is the emotion that allows us to see the world from our friends' points of view．Without it，we are far less able to connect and form meaningful adult relationships．Professor Sherry Turkle suggests that people are no longer comfortable being alone．This is something confirmed by a study where 200 university students were asked to go without social media for 24 hours．Many admitted an addiction to their online social network；most complained that they felt cut off from family and friends．And yet being alone is a time when we self﹣reflect and get in touch with who we really are．It is only when we do this that we can make meaningful friendships with others．These potential changes in our characters are rather alarming，so it is clear that we can't neglect thosenegative impacts of social networks．V. TranslationDirections：Translate the following sentences into English，using the words given in the brackets.22．（2.5分）这些安全措施仍将继续实施至下月初．（remain）23．（2.5分）完善自我是一个抽象的理想，无法激励一些学生真正对抗惰性．（incapable）24．（2.5分）由于缺乏受过专业训练的教师，一些美国学校很难加入汉语教学的竞争．（shortage）25．（2.5分）如今，病人能很便捷地下载他们的医疗记录以获取诸如检测结果之类的信息，大大节省了时间和人力．（so…that）VI. Guided Writing26．（25分）Directions：Write an English composition in 120﹣150 words according to the instructions given below inChinese．假设你是李明，你校正在进行高三年级的课程微调，准备将周三下午的第四节课设置为"艺术欣赏类课程（art appreciation）"或者"学科拓展类课程（subject expansion）"，现广泛征求高三同学的意见．请发一封邮件至校长信箱（邮件中请不要出现真实的校名和姓名），你的邮件内容需包括：（1）你建议校方设置以上两类课程中的哪一类；（2）你的理由；（3）你希望此类课程包含哪些内容．2020年上海市黄浦区高考英语一模试卷参考答案与试题解析I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections：In Section A，you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation，a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it，read the four possible answers onyour paper，and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1．（1分）A．In a cosmetics shop．B．In a hospital．C．In a nutrition department．D．In a supermarket．【分析】略【解答】D【点评】略2．（1分）A．Boss and secretary．B．Editor and publisher．C．Student and professor．D．Writer and reader．【分析】略【解答】C【点评】略3．（1分）A．Open a wedding company．B．Try a new restaurant．C．Run his own bakery．D．Buy some insurance．【分析】略【解答】C【点评】略4．（1分）A．The package is too big to deliver．B．The delivery can be made automatically．C．The woman will have lunch with the man．D．The man can make the delivery tomorrow morning．【分析】略【解答】D【点评】略5．（1分）A．He was most difficult to satisfy．B．He set many special requirements．C．He inspected the project regularly．D．He was as common as other customers．【分析】略【解答】A【点评】略6．（1分）A．An amazing book．B．A great woman．C．A scientific field．D．A strong voice．【分析】略【解答】B【点评】略7．（1分）A．He himself is a big fan of Hepburn．B．He does not think the girl is like Hepburn．C．He felt puzzled by girls' love for Hepburn．D．He does not know anything about Hepburn．【分析】略【解答】C【点评】略8．（1分）A．When to do mind﹣wandering．B．Where to have physical activities．C．How to keep attentive in a lecture．D．How to take notes in a lecture．【分析】略【解答】C【点评】略9．（1分）A．Ordinary．B．Practical．C．Disturbing．D．Unrealistic．【分析】略【解答】D【点评】略10．（1分）A．Decorating the company．B．Finishing a painting．C．Preparing a presentation．D．Restructuring the budget．【分析】略【解答】C【点评】略Section BDirections：In Section B，you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation. After each passage or conversation，you will be asked several questions. The passages and the conversation will be read twice，but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question，read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.11．（4.5分）（1）A．2．B．11．C．21．D．30．（2）A． A horse．B．A dog．D．A cat．（3）A．More annoyed．B．Less anxious．C．More frightened．D．Less shocked．【分析】略【解答】11﹣13ACB【点评】略12．（4.5分）（1）A．Its clear aim．B．Its evaluation process．C．Its numerous applications．D．Its solid foundation．（2）A．In 1954．B．In 2013．C．In 2018．D．In 2000．（3）A．Its location and area．B．The categories of its collections．C．Its official WeChat account．D．The visiting experience it offers．【分析】略【解答】14﹣16BCB【点评】略13．（6分）（1）A．Consumer and gender．B．Age groups and activities．C．Sports and facilities．D．Training time and trend．（2）A．Cycling．B．Jogging．D．Swimming．（3）A．18﹣26．B．27﹣35．C．36﹣45．D．46﹣55．（4）A．To determine which item deserves priority．B．To get ideas for a more appealing slogan design．C．To know about teenagers' leisure sporting activities．D．To see which age group is at the top of consumption capability．【分析】略【解答】17﹣20BBDA【点评】略II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections：After reading the passage below，fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word，fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word；for the other blanks，use one word that best fits each blank.14．（10分）Asleep on a plane：a case for window seatsI love to sleep on planes，and I have an unusual ability to sleep well on them．Therehave even been one or two occasions （1）when I have fallen asleep before takeoff and awakened upon the impact of landing，not having realized we had even left the ground．So when （2）booking（book）my flights，I always choose the window seat whenever possible．This allows me to lean my sleepy head against the wall of the plane for a bit （3）more（much）comfort．Some （4）may argue that the aisle （走廊）seat is superior for the leg space and the ability to getoff swiftly and eye the snack cart．But in reality，we're all getting our drinks and snacks （5）within / in seconds．Also，I find that if a person knows he's in a window seat，he'll choose to use the bathroom before boarding so that he （6）won't need（not need）to。

2020年上海市黄浦学校高三英语模拟试题及参考答案

2020年上海市黄浦学校高三英语模拟试题及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AFour Truly Unique Canadian Camping ExperiencesMount Robson Provincial Park,British ColumbiaNamed after the highest mountain in the Canadian Rockies, this park gives you breathtaking views of mountain landscapes along with lakes, waterfalls, canyons, and caves. The Berg Lake campground is located right at the northern base of the 3, 954-meter peak (山巅), which is about a day's hike in.Fundy National Park,New BrunswickIf you've grown tired of the tent or RV, this park is one of the few national parks offering yurt (蒙古包) rentals. Make sure you visit theBay of Fundywhere the world's highest tides make for some great surfing. You also can't miss the amazing Acadian forest waterfall. If you're looking for even more entertainment, the park also hostsmusic and cultural festivals each summer and has its own golf course.KluaneNational Parkand ReserveYukonFrom May to September, theKathleenLakecampground sees visitors come from far and wide to camp, hike and fish. Mountaineering is especially popular as Kluane is home to 17 of Canada's 20 highest peaks. Flightseeing over the park's glaciers and rafting (漂流) the winding Alsek River will also keep you out enjoying the wilderness.Prince Edward Island National Park,Prince Edward IslandIf you're looking for a family-friendly park, this one is wonderful. Between the seven beaches and more than 50 kilometersof hiking and cycling trails, you'll certainly be kept busy. Literature lovers, you can see what inspired L.M. Montgomery'sAnne of Green Gables at the nearby Green Gables Heritage Place and even explore the original house.1. Where is the park offering yurt rentals located?A. InBritish Columbia.B. InNew Brunswick.C. InYukon.D. InPrince Edward Island.2. What can you do inKluaneNational Parkand Reserve?A. Climb the highest mountain inCanada.B. Experience the highest tides.C. Raft the windingAlsekRiver.D. Attend music and cultural festivals.3. Which will you choose if you are a fan of Anne of Green Gables?A.Mount RobsonProvincialPark.B. Fundy National Park.C.KluaneNational Parkand Reserve.D.Prince Edward IslandNational Park.BGlobal food demand will double by 2050, according to a new projection, and the farming techniques used to meet that unprecedented(空前的) demand will significantly determine how severe the impact is on the environment, researchers said.The study researchers warned that meeting the demand for food would clear more land, increase nitrogen(氮) use and significantly add to carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gas emissions.“Agriculture’s greenhouse gas emissions could double by2050 if current trends in global food production continue,” study researcher David Tilman, of theUniversityofMinnesota, said in a statement. “This would be a major problem, since global agriculture already accounts for a third of all greenhouse gas emissions.”The researchers studied various ways in which the increasing food demand could be mentioned. They found that the most environmentally friendly and cost-effective approach would be for more food producers to adopt the nitrogen-efficient “intensive” farming method, which involves the heavy use of labor and the production of more crops per acre.This approach was shown to be more effective than the “extensive” farming currently practiced by many poor nations, a method that includes clearing more new land to produce more food.Different farming methods produce significantly different yields, the researchers found — in 2005, the crop yields for the wealthiest nations were more than 300 percent higher than what the poorest nations produced.According to their analysis of the effects of extensive farming, if poorer nations continue using this method, by 2050theywill have cleared an area larger than theUnited States, about 2.5 billion acres. However, if wealthy nations help poorer nations to improve food yields by incorporating(吸收) intensive farming practices, that number could be reduced to half a billion acres.The researchers stress that the environmental effects of meeting future food demand depend on how global agriculture expands and develops.“Our analyses show that we cansave most of the Earth’s remaining ecosystems by helping the poorer nations of the world feed themselves,” Tilman said.4. What is the best title of this passage?A. The World Will Need Double Food by 2050B. Man Will Face the Risk of Lacking Food in the FutureC. Future Farmers Hold Environment’s Fate in Their HandsD. Different Farming Methods Produce Significantly Different Yields5. The character of the extensive farming is ________.A. very cost-effectiveB. to produce more crops per acreC. at cost of more new land to produce more foodD. very environmentally friendly6. It can be inferred from the passage that ________.A. poorer nations mainly use the intensive farmingB. wealthy nations mainly use the extensive farmingC. the intensive farming needs less food producersD. the extensive farming has a worse effect on ecosystems7. According to the passage, the underlined word “they” in the 7th paragraph refers to “________”.A. poorer nationsB. the effects of extensive farmingC. wealthy nationsD.future food demandCAustralia’s Great Barrier Reef has lost 50% of its corals (珊瑚) within 30 years, with climate change a key driver of reef disturbance, a new study has found.Researchers from the ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, inQueensland, northeasternAustralia, studied coral communities and theirsize along the length of theGreat Barrier Reefbetween 1995 and 2017, finding all coral populations disappear gradually, they said.Reefs are important to the health of ocean ecosystems — without them, ecosystems break down and ocean life dies.Coral population decreases happened in both shallow and deep water coral species, experts found, but branching and table-shaped corals — which provide habitats for fish — were worst affected by mass bleaching (漂白) events in 2016.Warm ocean temperatures are the main reason of coral bleaching. Bleaching doesn’t kill coral immediately,but if temperatures remain high, eventually the coral will die, destroying a natural habitat for many species of ocean life.“We used to think the Great Barrier Reef is protected by its huge size — but in fact our results show that even the world’s largest and ly well-protected reef system is increasingly destroyed and in decline,” Terry Hughes, an outstanding professor at the ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, said.“There is no time to lose — we must sharply decrease greenhouse gas emissions as soon as possible,” the reporter warned in the paper, published in the Proceedings of the Royal Society journal.8. What has mainly influenced the coral populations of theGreat Barrier Reef?A. Destroyed habitats.B. Climate change.C. Lack of seafood.D. Bleaching events.9. What can we learn from the passage?A. Many species has been dying out slowly.B. The size of reefs contributes to their protection.C. Ocean ecosystems don’t develop without reefs.D. Bleaching continually disturbs table-shaped corals.10. What attitude does the reporter hold to the present situation of theGreat Barrier Reef?A. Worried.B. Angry.C. Hopeful.D. Surprised.11. What is probably the best title for the passage?A. Climate change damages theGreat Barrier ReefB. The Species of ocean Life Are In DangerC. Greenhouse Gas Emissions Get WorseD. Sea Ecosystems Are In DeclineDA smiling panda and a walking Chinese lantern will be the mascots of the 2022 Winter Olympics and Paralympics (残奥会）in Beijing .The mascots were known to the public on Sept.17, 2019 at a ceremony inBeijing. Beijing Mayor Chen Jining described them as adorable, unique , and exquisite (精致的）。

2020届上海市黄浦学校高三英语模拟试卷及参考答案

2020届上海市黄浦学校高三英语模拟试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AWhat are you waiting for? A new series of movies shown this year can’t be missed. Have you enjoyed them already?Frozen IIFrozen was the highest grossing (票房) animated film ever. In Frozen II Elsa, Anna, Olaf and Krist left off Arendelle to seek thesource of Elsa’s icy magic. Although the millions of children who loved the first film are older now, they might give it a reception.Last ChristmasA festive romantic comedy, Emilia Clarke stars in Last Christmas as Bridget Jonesy , a shop assistant, whose life in London is a mess, and Henry Golding as the eligible bachelor(黄金单身汉)who tidies it up. The film’s director, Paul Feig, and co-writer, Emma Thompson, promise that the film is worth expecting.A Beautiful Day in the NeighborhoodTom Hanks stars in A Beautiful Day in the Neighborhood as the only American celebrity(名人) more famous than he is. As the host of Mister Rogers’ Neighborhood for more than 30 years, Fred Rogers is a legend of pre-school children’s television, which appeals to a large audience.Charlie’s AngelsHollywoodaction movies starring women are rare. But have you seen a movie starred, written and directed by women, too? Charlie’s Angels is one of the first. A reboot (翻拍) of the 1970s TV series, not to mention the two films from 2000 and 2003, the new version is directed by Elizabeth Banks. She also plays Bosley, one of the female detectives who are employed by Charles Townsend to go on global adventures.1. Which moviebecame the most popular cartoon film this year?A. Frozen II.B. Last Christmas.C. A Beautiful Day in the Neighborhood.D. Charlie’s Angels.2. Which character works on a TV station?A. Krist.B. Emilia Clarke.C. Fred Rogers.D. Bosley.3. Which action movie was directed and starred by a woman?A. Frozen II.B. Last Christmas.C. A Beautiful Day in the Neighborhood.D. Charlie’s Angels.BMy sister Alice and I have been trying to get people tostop dropping cigarette（香烟）butts（烟头）for seven years. One day, we were walking in our hometown and saw hundreds of cigarette butts on the ground. They made the town look so ugly that we decided to start a group to make people dropping butts. We called it “No Butts About It”.At first, we drew pictures with “The Earth is not your ashtray（烟灰缸）”written on them. We put the pictures around our hometown—in parks, by beaches, and along roads. We wanted to make people understand that dropping butts hurts the environment. Most smokers don’t think that dropping butts hurts the Earth. But it does, and all rubbish does!Later, we wrote to companies and asked them for money to help us. We used the money to buy ashtrays to give to smokers. We wanted smokers to carry the ashtrays with them so they didn’t have to drop butts.At the moment, we are trying to get cigarette companies to put an ashtray in each pack of cigarettes. Some companies want to do it. Many people have started to join our group since it began. Today there are 45 other “No Butts About It” groups inAmerica.Now there even groups inEngland,Australia, andIndia! Many newspapers have written about my sister and me over the last seven years. And we have won many prizes for what we do. But we are not interested in prizes. We just want to make the Earth a better and cleaner place for animals, plants and people.One day, it will be.4. What did the writer think about the cigarette butts in the first place?A. They made the town smelly.B. They made the town unhealthy.C. They made the town dirty.D. They made the town poor.5. What does the writer do with the cigarette butts?A. Give ashtrays to the smokers.B. Stop people buying cigarettes.C. Pick up the cigarette butts.D. Win prizes for starting groups.6. From the passage we can know that _____.A. no companies wanted to give money to themB. The writer believes that the Earth will be a better and cleaner placeC. There are only 45”No Butts About It”D. The writer likes to be on newspapers and win prizes27. Which is the best tittle for the passage?A. Save our Town From Cigarette Butts.B. Buy Yourself An Ashtray.C. Cigarette Butts Also Destroy Other Countries.D. No Butts Prize.CJennifer Mauer has needed more willpower than the typical college student to pursue her goal of earning a nursing degree. That willpower bore fruit when Jennifer graduated from University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire and became the first in her large family to earn a bachelor's(学士) degree.Jennifer grew up on a farm in a family of 10 children. Her dad worked at a job away from the farm, and her mother ran the farm with the kids. After high school, Jennifer attended a local technical college, working to pay her tuition(学费), because there was no extra money set aside for a college education. After graduation, she worked to help her sisters and brothers pay for their schooling.Jennifer now is married and has three children of her own. She decided to go back to college to advance her career and to be able to better support her family while doing something she loves: nursing. She chose the UW-Eau Claire program at Ministry Saint Joseph's Hospital in Marshfield because she was able to pursue her four-year degree close to home. She could drive to class and be home in the evening to help with her kids. Jennifer received great support from her family as she worked to earn her degree: Her husband worked two jobs to cover the bills, and her 68-year-old mother helped take care of the children at times.Through it all, she remained in good academic standing and graduated with honors. Jennifer sacrificed(牺牲) a lot to achieve her goal, giving up many nights with her kids and missing important events to study. “Some nights my heart was breaking to have to pick between my kids and studying for exams or papers,” she says. However, her children have learned animportant lesson, witnessing their mother earn her degree. Jennifer is a first-generation graduate and an inspiration to her family—and that's pretty powerful.8. What did Jennifer do after high school?A. She helped her dad with his work.B. She ran the family farm on her own.C. She taught her sisters and brothers.D. She supported herself through college.9. Why did she choose the program at Ministry Saint Joseph's Hospital?A. To learn from the best nurses.B. To take care of her kids easily at night.C. To save money for her parents.D. To find a well-paid job there.10. What did Jennifer sacrifice to achieve her goal?A. Her health.B. Her chance of promotion.C Her reputation. D. Her time with family.11. What can we learn from Jennifer's story?A. Hard work pays off.B. Love breaks down barriers.C. Time is money.D. Education is the key to success.DThe history of the flying car is almost as old as that of powered flight itself. It started with the Curtiss Autoplane of 1917, an awkward-looking machine with removable wings. It never left the ground. Later machines made it into the skies but failed to take off commercially. Money is now pouring into flying taxis. On March 30th Lilium, a German company that develops them, announced a merger with SPAC, an acquisition company that values it at $3. 3 bn -- a sign that investors think the business will fly.Thanks to better batteries and lightweight materials, some of them are ready to carry passengers. Up to 300 firms are working on short-range battery-powered craft that take off and land vertically. Carmakers, tech companies and others are investing money into the field. The government isoffering a glide pathto certification.America's Federal Aviation Administration is engaged in the process with around 30 firms, says Natasha Santha of LEK, a consulting company.Midway between a cab and a helicopter, flying taxis have distinct advantages over both. Quiet electric motors allow them to operate frequent services. They require only a patch of concrete to land, unlike noisy helicopters, which face severe operating restrictions in most cities. They can fly four or five times faster than a cab can drive and do not get stuck in traffic. Prices can be kept low by ride-sharing. Joby, based inCalifornia, says its five-seater machine will enter commercial service in 2024. The firm calculates the initial cost of around $4 per person per mile may soon fall by 25%. A trip fromManhattanto JFK airport would then cost $30-40 per passenger.The real revolution will come when full autonomy takes out the cost of a pilot. Archer hopes to run such aircraft by 2028. They face fewer obstacles in the air than earth-bound cars do on the road; airliners mostly fly on autopilot as it is. Still, as one industry insider puts it, it is probably best to accustom passengers and regulators to airborne taxis before getting rid of the driver.12. What can we learn from Paragraph 1?A. The flying car can date back to the 1920s.B. Investors see the potential of the business of the flying car.C. The flying car never left the ground successfully in history.D. A German company has launched a new flying car into the market.13. What does "offering a glide path" in Paragraph 2 probably refer to?A. Giving the green light.B. Providing timely assistance.C. Presenting legal guidance.D. Conducting strict management.14. Which of the following is the strength of flying taxis?A. Costing as little as cabs.B. Saving passengers from the traffic jam.C. Reducing air pollution.D. Having no operating restrictions.15. What can be inferred about the flying taxis from the last paragraph?A. They will develop faster than cars.B. Passengers will quickly get used to taking them.C. The regulators will take measures to promote them.D. Autopilot flying taxis will probably replace those with pilots.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2020届上海中学高三英语模拟试题及答案解析

2020届上海中学高三英语模拟试题及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AIt's just before l pm and hungry guests are starting to emerge out onto the wooden floor at the back of the Victoria Falls Safari Lodge in Zimbabwe. A few have already settled in for lunch, drinking beer and enjoying their sandwiches and salads in the sunshine. It's a normal setting until you look up. Overhead, the sky is filled with several hundred vultures (秃鹭).They too have arrived for their midday snack. Every day the team at this hotel places last night's leftover meat out for the vultures to eat. They call it the "Vulture Restaurant" and it's a vital part of protecting these birds, who have become some of the most endangered species in Africa.In Zimbabwe, where illegal hunting of elephants and rhinos is a major issue, poisoning poses a significant threat to the birds. "In recent years hunters have realized they can use poison to kill animals. It's effective because it's silent and therefore doesn't attract much attention.when the vultures eat the bodies of the dead animals they die too," says Roger Parry, Wildlife Manager at the Victoria Falls Wildlife Trust.The Vulture Restaurant initiative is part feeding programme, part education programme. By attracting the birds to the Vulture Restaurant every day the team can ensure they're regularly getting a safe meal, and while the birds are there they can educate tourists from all over the world about these creatures.“Lunch” is served by Moses Garira. He has the unenviable task of wandering out into the middle of the clearing with a box full of meat, dropping the contents onto the ground and running for his life as the vultures fly downward suddenly for their food. No one, surely, would volunteer for this role, but Garira rather enjoys it. Back in the safety of the viewing seats, he tells the onlookers about the importance of vultures. "They're hugely important in terms of their role of cleaning up the bodies of dead animals," says Garira. "Notably, they're safely able to digest bacteria like anthrax. Without vultures, there'd be a lot more disease in the world."1. What's the biggest threat vultures facing in Zimbabwe?A. Overhunting.B. Unsafe food.C. Loss of habitat.D. A bird disease.2. What would others think of Garira's job?A. Scary.B. Relaxing.C. Well-paid.D. Time-consuming3. What do Garira's words mean?A. Birds are human's best friends.B. People know little about vultures.C. Vultures are environmentally favorable.D. Vultures are in urgentneed of protection.BHave you ever thrown a camel? Camels are large and heavy animals so it would be hard to throw. But in the French-speaking Democratic Republic ofthe Congo, “to throw a camel” is a way of saying “to make a spelling mistake”.In the past, a phrase like that was not accepted by the French government as an official French term. But recently, the French Ministry of Culture worked on a new kind of dictionary that accepts the idea that many people outside of France speak the language. The language has changed over time and is different in places like Ivory Coast in West Africa or Quebec in Cana-da, compared to how it is in ParisA new online dictionary, called the French speakers’ dictionary, includes new French words from around the world. It was released on March 18—just in time for International French Speaker’s Day on March 20.Supporters say the new Internet dictionary is more democratic than earlier French dictionaries that only showed the way highly educated French people spoke. The new dictionary includes unofficial words like “pourriel”, which means an unwanted email if you are in Canada. It is a word based on “courriel”, which just means an email.French President Emmanuel Macron proposed the idea of the dictionary in 2018. It now contains about 600.000 terms, Roselyne Bachelot is the French Culture Minister. She said the dictionary is not just for France's 67 million citizens, but for the 300 million French speakers worldwide.The aim, supporters say, is to recognize the way language changes. Words and expressions included in the dictionary come from over 50 countries—even from the United States Some people in the southern U. S. state of Louisiana speak French.People can see the dictionary on a website or with an app. Users can also send in new words they thinkshould be included. Official dictionaries produced by the French Academy in Paris were first published hundreds of years ago and are regularly updated.4. What do we mean if we say a man “throws a camel” in French?A. He talks big.B. He is very strong.C. He makes a joke.D. He misspells a word.5. What is the purpose of the publication date of the new online dictionary?A. To celebrate an event.B. To honor foreign users.C. To draw more attention.D. To meet an urgent need.6. Where does the word “pourriel” come from?A. French.B. An email.C. A holiday.D. Canada.7. What can people do with the new dictionary?A. Update it regularly.B. Recommend new words to it.C. Change the meaning of its words.D. Regard it as an official dictionary.CEvery day, millions of shoppers hit the stores in full force, searching wildly for the perfect gift.Aside from purchasing holiday gifts, most people regularly buy presents for other occasions throughout the year, including weddings, birthdays, anniversaries, and graduations. This frequent experience of gift-giving cancause uncertain feelings in gift-givers. Many enjoy the opportunity to buy presents because gift-giving offers a powerful means to build stronger bonds, while many worry that their purchases will disappoint rather than delight the intended recipients (接受者).Anthropologists describe gift-giving as a positive social process, serving various political, religious, and psychological functions. Economists, however, offer a less favorable view. According to Waldfogel, gift-giving represents an objective wasteof resources. People buy gifts that recipients would not choose to buy on their own, or at least not spend as much money to purchase (a phenomenon referred to as‘‘the deadweight loss of Christmas”).What is surprising is that gift-givers have much experience acting as both gift-givers and gift-recipients, but nevertheless tend to overspend each time they set out to purchase a meaningful gift. In the present research, we propose a unique psychological explanation for this overspending problem — gift-givers link how much they spend with how much recipients will appreciate the gift. Though it seems natural to gift-givers, such an assumption may be unfounded. Indeed, we propose that gift-recipients will be less likely to base their feelings of appreciation onthe value of a gift than givers assume.Why do gift-givers assume that gift price is closely linked to gift-recipients’ feelings of appreciation? Perhaps givers believe that more expensive gifts communicate a stronger sense ofthoughtfulness and consideration. According to Camerer and others, gift-giving represents a symbolic ritual (习俗), by which gift-givers attempt to signal their positive attitudes towards the recipient and their willingness to invest resources in a futurerelationship. In this sense, gift-givers may be motivated to spend more money on a gift in order to send a “stronger signal”. As for gift-recipients, they may not interpret smaller and larger gifts as representing smaller and larger signals of thoughtfulness and consideration.The idea of gift-givers and gift-recipients being unable to account for the other party’s viewpoint seems confusing because people slip in and out of these roles every day. Yet, despite the experience as both givers and receivers, people often struggle to apply information gained from one role in another. In theoretical terms, people fail to use information about their own preferences and experiences to produce more efficient outcomes in their exchange relations. In practical terms, people spend hundreds of dollars each year on gifts, but somehow never learn to estimate their gift expense according to personal insight.8. The author uses “the deadweight loss of Christmas” in Paragraph 2 to express ________.A. gift-givers don’t spend much money during holidaysB. gift-givers don’t ask recipients what gifts they preferC. gift-givers buy improper and expensive giftsD. gift-givers have difficulty in choosing gifts9. According to the passage, people buy gifts to ________.A. receive gifts in returnB. enjoy the feeling of shoppingC. help recipients to save moneyD. better relationships with recipients10. What can we learn from the passage?A. People’s high living standards require expensive gifts.B. Gift-givers buy gifts based on their experiences as recipients.C. Anthropologists think gift-giving meets different human needs.D. Recipients judge the depth of friendship according to the gift price.11. Why did the author write this article?A. To criticize people’s gift-buying habits.B. To analyze people’s gift-giving behaviors.C. To offer advice on how to improve relationships.D. To remind people not to overlook others’ preferences.DWhat will people die of 100 years from now? If you think that is a simple question，you have not been paying attention to the revolution that is taking place in bio-technology（生物技术）. With the help of new medicine，the human body will last a very long time. Death will come mainly from accidents，murder and war. Today’s leading killers，such as heart disease，cancer，and aging itself，will become distant memories.In discussion of technological changes，the Internet gets most of the attention these days. But the change in medicine can be the real technological event of our times. How long can humans live? Human brains were known to decide the final death. Cells（细胞）are the basic units of all living things，and until recently，scientists were sure that the life of cells could not go much beyond 120 years because the basic materials of cells，such as those of brain cells，would not last forever. But the upper limits will be broken by new medicine. Sometime between 2050 and 2100，medicine will have advanced to the point at which every 10 years or so，people will beable to take medicine to repair their organs（器官）. The medicine，made up of the basic building materials of life，will build new brain cells，heart cells，and so on－in much the same way our bodies make new skin cells to take the place of old ones.It is exciting to imagine that the advance in technology may be changing the most basic condition of human existence，but many technical problems still must be cleared up on the way to this wonderful future.12. According to the passage，human death is now mainly caused by ________.A. diseases and agingB. accidents and warC. accidents and agingD. heart disease and war13. In the author’s opinion，today’s most important advance in technology lies in（在于）________.A. the InternetB. medicineC. brain cellsD. human organs14. Humans may live longer in the future because ________.A. heart disease will be far away from usB. human brains can decide the final deathC. the basic materials of cells will last foreverD. human organs can be repaired by new medicine15. How long can humans live in the future according to the passage?A. Over 100 years.B. More than 120 years.C. About 150 years.D. The passage doesn’t tell us.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2020届上海市黄浦学校高三英语第一次联考试题及答案解析

2020届上海市黄浦学校高三英语第一次联考试题及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ALook at Some Greatest BookstoresAnother CountryKreuzberg, Berlin, Germany. Another Country is an English Language second hand bookshop which is mostly used as a library. They have about 20, 000 books that you can buy or borrow. Some regular events are held at the shop, such as readings, cultural events, social evenings and film nights.Atlantis BooksOia, Santorini, Greece. Atlantis Books is an independent bookshop on the island of Santorini, Greece. It was founded in 2004 by a group of friends from Cyprus, England, and the United States. Throughout the year it has hosted literary festivals, film screenings, book readings, and good old fashioned dance parties.Bart’s BooksOjai, California. U. S. A. “The World’s Greatest Outdoor Bookstore”, a bookstore founded by Richard Bartinsdale in 1964. Shelves of books face the street, and regular customers are asked to drop coins into the door’s coin box to pay for any books they take whenever the store is closed.Adrian Harringtonsince 1971. Rare books: rare first editions; leather bound sets and general antiquarian(古玩).Address: 64a Kensington Church Street, Kensington, London, England, UK.Corso Como BookshopMilan, Italy. Extensive selection of publication on art architecture, design graphics and fashion, along with a strong emphasis on photography. It was founded in 1990 in Milan, Italy, by Carla Sozzamil.The BookwormChina. A bookshop, library, bar, restaurant and event space, now with four divisions in three cities — Beijing, Suzhou and Chengdu. The interconnecting rooms with floor-to-ceiling books on every wall are light and airy in summer, yet warm and comfortable in winter.1.What can you do in Atlantis Books?A.Enjoy rare books.B.Attend a festival.C.Learn photography.D.Buy books anytime.2.Which bookstore has the longest history?A.Adrian Harrington.B.Atlantis Books.C.Bart’s Books.D.Corso Como Bookshop.3.How is The Bookworm different from the others?A.It is used as a library.B.It focuses on photography.C.It hosts all sorts of activities.D.It has branches in different cities.BNowadays medical technology seems to be advanced enough for doctors to perform brain transplants (移植). Though this procedure (程序) has only been successfully performed on animals so far, doctors are still hopingto perform this procedure on humans. However, in my opinion, brain transplants should not be performed at all, especially not on humans because of the large number of problems and side effects that could come along with. Hopefully these dangerous side effects will convince doctors not to perform this procedure on humans.Despite many benefits technology brings. I do not think this medical technology of brain transplants will help. We were all born with one brain and through childhood to adults our mind developed into who we are, so if with a different brain we would no longer be unique. A person with a different brain would seem to be a total stranger and in many ways they would be. No one should steal our identity from us, even if we are seriously injured, and change it to a completely new one. Also for the people who have died with healthy brains, that was their identity and it should not be given to anyone else.Another problem with brain transplants is how doctors can choose what are “healthy” or “normal” brains. An elderly person who has died would have an aged brain that would not be as efficient as younger person’s brain. Then would doctors have to find healthy brains of the same age as the person who needs it? This could also bring up other factors such as intelligence, sex, or physical problems that a person might have had before death. Also another problem might be how long a brain can be kept “alive” after death and how it can be kept “alive” without damage.Overall. my feelings about this operation are that it should not be done on humans until doctors have overcome all the problems and challenges that stand in their way of making human brain transplants successful.4. Why does the author think brain transplants should not be performed at all?A. The cost of the operation is extremely high.B. Doctors are not able to perform brain transplants.C. A good many problems and side effects may arise.D. This procedure has only been successful on animals5. What is the second paragraph mainly about?A. People shouldn’t give their healthy brains to others.B. Having a brain transplant means losing one’s identity.C. Transplanting brains is changing old brains into new ones.D. Having brain transplants indicates stealing identity from others.6. What is the writers’ attitude towards brain transplants an humans?A. indifferentB. favorableC. disapprovingD. objective7. What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage?A. To encourage brain donation.B. To stress the importance of brain operation.C. Toargue against brain transplants on humans.D. To introduce the technology of brain transplants.CA Bridge Linking Art and the AudienceAccording to a 2018 report, people aged between 16 and 24 make up about 15 percent of the population but only 10 percent of museum-goers. Similarly, people aged over35 go half as much as you would expect from their population size. We have reached the point of recognising the disconnection between art and the audience but haven’t yet determined how to bridge the gap. Two answers to tackling this challenge lie in telling a greater diversity of art histories and communicating these stories in more accessible ways.In 2018, a radio program called Art Matters was started with the aim of discussing art from a pop-culture viewpoint with topics that would engage younger and more diverse audience. It offers an accessible pathway to art history with conversations on different topics. Art history is about storytelling; art content shines when there is an effort to bring audience along for the discussion.More traditional institutions are paying attention. Recently theGettyMuseumissued a social-media challenge for people to recreate paintings using items they had at home. Users displayed incredible creativity, and the museum was flooded with submissions. This reaction proves that there is a potential desire for the audience to engage with art topics if the format is appealing. Since many people feelintimidatedand think that there’s a baselevel of understanding required to join the conversation, the Getty initiative serves as a reminder that there are many pathways to engaging with it.Another result of the Getty challenge was the exposure given to a diversity of artworks. The famous opera singer Peter Brathwaite, for example, made scores of attractive recreations highlighting centuries of black paintings. His efforts opposed the idea that there were not many historical paintings of black figures. It is extremely important that we do a better job of showing the complex and diverse stories that are represented in art.Social media have offered a platform for people who have not traditionally had a seat at the table. Anyone can recognise a gap in the field and address it. Accounts have gathered tens of thousands of followers. They are the proof that there is hunger to hear these art histories, and these themes work brilliantly for museum programming.But there is only so much that can be done without the museums and galleries changing meaningfully from within. We need to see a better balance of these stories represented in permanent collections. We also need a much wider diversity of people and interests represented on board. Ensuring that art-and writing and talking about art-is able to continue on the rising generation of storytellers, inside and outside of institutions, getting the funding and support they need to paint a brighter picture for the part.8. What challenge is the author trying to tackle?A. People doubt a great diversity of artworks.B. Fewer and fewer young people go to museums.C. Art appears too distant from common audience.D. Adult audience has a different understanding of art.9. What does the underlined word “intimidated” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?A. Tired.B. Worried.C. Annoyed.D. Surprised.10. In the author’s opinion, the museums and galleries should ________.A. make the art history stories accessible in a traditional way.B. change meaningfully for activities like the Getty challenge.C. limit the number of storytellers both in and out of institutions.D. improve the permanent collections by adding famous artworks.11. We can conclude from the passage that common audience ________.A. lacks the channels to understand and talk about art history.B. prefers to view artworks and hear art stories on social media.C. feels satisfied with people and interests represented on board.D. refuses to engage with diverse art topics and art history stories.DWhen I was young, my mother didn't have the money to send me to school, but she thought it was important for me to keep up with education.So she decided to teach me extra lessons herself.But because she had to go to work, the only time she could do it was at 4：30 inthe morning.We needevery one of you to develop your talents and your skills so that you can help us old folks solve our most difficult problems. If you quit on school—you're not just quitting on yourself, but you're quitting on your country. No one's written your destiny(命运)for you, because you write your own destiny. You make your own future.That's why today I'm calling on each of you to set your own goals for your education and do everything you can to meet them.Your goal can be something as simple as doing all your homework, paying attention in class, or spending some time reading a book.But whatever you decide to do, I want you to commit to it.I want you to really work at it.I know that sometimes you get that sense from TV that you can be rich and successful without any hard work—that your ticket to success is through rapping or basketball or being a reality TV star.No one's born being good at all things. You become good at things through hard work.You're not a good athlete the first time you play a new sport.You don't hit every note the first time you sing a song.You've got to practise.12. What can we learn from the first paragraph？A. The writer's home was very rich.B. The writer's mother was a teacher.C. The writer was born in a poor family.D. The writer didn't like reading books.13. What does the writer want everyone to do by improving their talents and skills？A. To quit on their country to earn more money.B. To help solve the most difficult problems.C. To write their own new destiny by working as a TV star.D. To spend some time writing books about their own life.14. Why does the writer call on everyone to set his/her own goal？A. Because everyone's future is determined by themselves.B. Because eyeryone's future is to do simple work.C. Because everyone should do their homework.D. Because everyone should pay attention in class.15. How can people realise their great dreams？A. By rapping.B. By playing basketball.C. By being a reality star.D. By working hard.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2020年上海市黄浦学校高三英语模拟试卷及答案

2020年上海市黄浦学校高三英语模拟试卷及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ABob and Sue Harvey spent nine years as resident fellows in a dormitory at Sanford and in their bookVirtual Reality and The College Freshman, they write “The Freshman oftenfaces an identity problem during the first semester.” College is a more pressured environment than it used to be, in part because the academic gap between high school and college has increased. Many college freshmen have never had to make independent decisions about sex, drugs and alcohol. Most don’t know how to manage their time or money. They often feel lonely and overwhelmed, resulting in anxiety and depression.Nancy Corbin, director of clinical service for student-counseling (咨询) services at Iowa State University, says her office is seeing a significant increase in requests for counseling from freshmen who are having trouble making the adjustment to college life. She says older teenagers increasingly lack the skills to deal with personal problems that aren’t easily defined or fixed. And they get homesick but have a hard time admitting it.Parents and high schools can make things easier on freshmen by preparing them differently. For example, by teaching them to budget their hours and dollars. The Harveys think high schools should offer a college-life course. “Parents need to focus more on relationship and personal issues and less on how many sheets and towels to take,” they say. Many homesick freshmen think they’ll be regarded as failures if they come home before Thanksgiving. So parents can help by letting them know they’re welcome to return if they feel the need. In the meantime, parents have to find new ways to keep in touch with their college kids. One of the best ways is e-mail. It’s less unpleasant and less expensive than constant phone calls and is more likely to be answered than a handwritten letter.1. Why is the first semester difficult for freshmen in college?A. Because they often fail in exams.B. Because they lack time and money.C. Because they are too homesick to make new friends.D. Because they have to settle personal issues on their own.2. In the last paragraph, it is suggested that ________.A. parents should stop buying anything for their kidsB. parents should develop a good relationship with their kidsC. parents should be taught how to send e-mails to their kidsD. parents should work with high schools in college-life courses3. Which of the following might be the best title for the passage?A. Hard Life of College FreshmenB. Approaches to Trouble in CollegeC. Freshmen’s Adaptation ProblemsD. A Strange Phenomenon in CollegeBA new study has discovered that meditation (冥想) and oxygen sport together reduce depression. The Rutgers University study found that this mind and body combination, done twice a week for only two months,reduced the symptoms for a group of students by 40 percent.“We are excited by the findings because we saw such a meaningful improvement in both clinically depressed and non-depressed students,” said lead author Dr. Brandon Alderman. “It is the first time that both of these two behavioral ways have been looked at together for dealing with depression.”Researchers believe the two activities have an interactive effect on combatingdepression. Alderman and Dr. Tracey Shors discovered that a combination of mental and physical training (MAP) enabled students with major depressive disorder not to let problems or negative thoughts defeat them.Rutgers researchers say those who participated in the study began with 30 minutes of focused attention meditation followed by 30 minutes of oxygen sport. They were told that if their thoughts drifted to the past or the future they should refocus on their breathing, enabling those with depression to accept moment-to-moment changes in attention.Shors, who studies the productionof new brain cells in the hippocampus—part of the brain involved in memory and learning—says scientists have shown in animal models that oxygen sport exercise keeps a large number of certain cells alive.The idea for the human intervention (干预) came fromher laboratory studies, she says, with the main goal of helping individuals acquire new skills so that they can learn to recover from stressful life events.By learning to focus their attention and exercise, people who are fighting depression can acquire new learning skills that can help them process information and reduce the overwhelming recollection of memories from the past, Shors says.“We know these treatments can be practiced over a lifetime and that they will be effective in improving mental health.” said Alderman. “The good news is that this intervention can be practiced by anyone at any timeand at no cost.”4. What made the research so different?A. Adopting a way of meaningful talk.B. Combining the two behavioral ways to treat depression.C. Treating depression with special medicine.D. Comparing the depressed with the non-depressed.5. The underlined word “combating” in Paragraph 3 can be replaced by ______.A. fightingB. identifyingC. distinguishingD. examining6. What did the participants do in the research?A. They did oxygen sport half an hour before thinking.B. They thought quietly and then took exercise.C. They took exercise longer than they thought.D. They took exercise while thinking quietly.7. What is Shors’ main purpose of her studies?A. To find out certain brain cells of humans.B. To study the production of new brain cells.C. To offer people a new method to treat stress.D. To decide the links between stress and exercise.CFor years, life went something like this: We’d grow up in one place, head off to college, and then find a city to get a job and live there for a few years. The final goal was to find somewhere to settle down, buy a house, start a family, and begin the whole cycle all over again. But now some people are increasingly choosing to move from city to city throughout their entire lives, sometimes as frequently as every month.Just ask Alex Chatzieleftheriou, who has had a front-row seat watching this evolution unfold. Six years ago, he launched a startup called Blueground that rents out beautifully designed, fully furnished apartments for a month at a time, at rates that are cheaper than hotels. And it aims to make each one feel unique and comfortable,rather than standardized, like what you might find in a traditional hotel.Today, the company has 3,000 properties(房地产) in six U.S. cities, along with Dubai, Istanbul, London, Paris, and Chatzieleftheriou’s native Athens, and a staff of 400. With the helpof the Series B round of funding, thecompany landed $ 50 million, plus its previous total of $ 28 million, to continue its rapid expansion. It hopes to have 50,000 properties in 50 cities over the next three years.Chatzieleftheriou first came up with the idea for Blueground while he was working as a management consultant for McKinsey. “The accommodation of choice for consultants is the hotel,” he says. “I had to spend five years in hotel rooms, living in 12 different cities. I loved seeing the world, but I didn’t love feeling like I didn’t have a home.” And what’s more, hotels aren’t a particularly cost-effective solution for companies either. In Chatzieleftheriou’s case, McKinsey sometimes paid $ 10,000 or more for him to stay in a major city for a month.8. What does the author intend to tell in the first paragraph?A. A new lifestyle is appearing.B. Life is just like a circle for people.C. Most people are used to an easy life.D. People live in different places in life.9. What is the goal of Blueground?A. To compete with hotels.B. To create standardized hotels.C. To make renters feel at home.D. To rent out long-term apartments.10. What do we know about Blueground?A. It got a total investment of $ 78 million.B. Its business is anything but satisfying.C. It expanded to every corner of the world.D. It has 50,000 properties in 50 cities.11. What does the last paragraph focus on?A. High costs of hotels.B. Chatzieleftheriou’s former work.C Strengths of Blueground.D. The inspiration for Blueground.DFor years, Zach Ault, a father of three, enjoyed being physically active. He was even training for a half-marathon. But in 2017, he took time off to recover from an infection. After recovering, he tried to continuehis runs but could not complete them. He was not able to spend time with his children. He had to cut back his job. Even sleeping as much as 16 hours a day made no difference in his condition.“His body had literally hijacked him and it wasn't going to allow him to push through, ” said Anne Ault, his wife. After months of testing, doctors announced their result-chronic fatigue syndrome, a disease that makes an individual feel extremely tired.This fatigue lasts more than six months and becomes worse after any kind of physical exertion (费力活动). Patients may have difficulty standing upright. They also may have trouble thinking, often described as a “brain fog”. There are no approvedtreatments, or even tests to help with diagnosis. There is no way to predict who will recover and who will have a severe case that lasts for years.Now the doctors at the National Institutes of Health (NIH) are conducting a unique study to learn more about the condition. Zach Ault is one of the subjects in the study. When Ault rides an exercise bicycle, scientists measure how his leg muscles use oxygen. Afterward, doctors fit a special cap on Ault's head to measure electrical activity in his brain. They then send him to spend the night in an air-tight room where air has been removed with pipe for additional study. Scientists measure oxygen and carbon dioxide levels to tell how much energy Ault is using, minute by minute. “We're figuring out how his body adjusts to an exercise load, or a stress load.”“It's hard not knowing if or when I'm going to recover, ” he said. But Ault says the study did help him learn about the disease. And it gave him ideas about how to save up his energy.12. What was Zach Ault's life like before 2017?A. He was fond of exercising.B. He won several half-marathons.C. He spent much time lying in bed.D. He was busy looking after his children.13. How did the infection affect Zach Ault?A. He lost his job.B. He was unable to sleep.C. He became too weak to do sports.D. He was tired of running a half-marathon.14. What can we learn about chronic fatigue syndrome?A. It usually lasts no more than months.B. It is likely to cause thinking disorders.C. Patients with it need to stay in bed all day long.D. Patients with it should avoid any kind of exercise.15. What does Zach Ault think of the study?A. It helped him cure his illness.B. It helped him recover and stay fit.C. It taught him how to enjoy cycling.D. It brought him new ideas about fighting diseases.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2020年上海市黄浦学校高三英语模拟试卷及答案解析

2020年上海市黄浦学校高三英语模拟试卷及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项A阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

The opening ceremony for the 2020 Tokyo Olympic Games was held at the Olympic Stadium in Tokyo on July 23, 2021 after a year of waiting due to the pandemic. Let's take a look at the highlights which make this opening ceremony unique.No spectatorsThere are no spectators during the opening ceremony in an effort to prevent the spread of the coronavirus infections. About 950 people, including officials and journalists, will watch in the main stadium, organizers said. Fewer athletes are expected to attend the ceremony because many are not allowed to stay for the entire Games due to COVID-19 restrictions.Male and female flag-bearersThe International Olympic Committee has actively encouraged all delegations toselect two flag-bearers at the opening ceremony, including one woman, as women's participation in the Tokyo Games reaches 48.8 percent, making it the most gender-balanced Olympics in the history of the event.Oath (宣誓) session updatedOne of the most symbolic parts of the opening ceremony—the Olympic oath—has been significantly adapted in order to “highlight the importance of solidarity, inclusion, non-discrimination and equality”. The number of oath-takers is also extended from three to six—two athletes, two coaches and two judges.Simplified ceremonyIn the 30-second video showing the rehearsal of the opening ceremony released to the public, the performances are integrated with dances, scenery and other display elements used in Japanese traditional festival activities.In order to prevent and control the COVID-19 pandemic and manage the cost, the Tokyo 2020 Organizing Committee said that the performances of the ceremony will be greatly simplified, with more light and shadow technology used instead of real decorations at the scene.1.Why isn't there any spectator during the opening ceremony?A.To limit the number of people present.B.To highlight the spirit of the Olympic Games.C.To control the spread of an infectious disease.D.To make room for the athletes all over the world.2.Why is each delegation encouraged to select one woman as a flag-bearer in Tokyo Olympics?A.Women will be in a leading position in sports.B.Women athletes make up a larger percentage than ever.C.Women will play a more important part in society.D.More and more women will take part in the Olympic Games.3.Which of the following statements is True according to the passage?A.Oath-takers are made up of six athletes.B.Tokyo uses more real decorations to cut the cost.C.About 950 people watch the entire games in the Tokyo Games.D.The opening ceremony presents the traditional culture of Japan.BThe air is thin and we have to rest several times on the shore hike from camp. To our left, snow-covered mountains disappear into clouds that seem almost close enough to touch. On the plain in front of us, we can just make out a herd of graceful animals. This is why we stay here.Tibetan antelopes live mainly on the plains of Tibet. Watching them move slowly across the green grass, I'm struck by their beauty. I'm also reminded of the danger they are in. They are being hunted illegally for their valuable fur.My guide is Zhaxi, a villager from Changtang. He works at the Changtang National Nature Reserve. The reserve is a safe place for the animals and plants of northwestern Tibet. To Zhaxi, protecting the wildlife is a way of life. “We're not trying to save the animals,” he says. “Actually, we're trying to save ourselves.”In the 1980s and 1990s the population of Tibetan antelopes dropped by more than 50 percent. Hunters were shooting antelopes to make money. Their living places were becoming smaller as new roads and railways were built.In order to save Tibetan antelopes, the Chinese government placed them under national protection. Zhaxi and volunteers watched over the antelopes day and night to keep them safe from attacks. Bridges and gates were added to let the antelopes move easily and keep them safe from cars and trains.The measures were effective. The antelope population has recovered and in June 2015, the Tibetan antelope wasremovedfrom the endangered species list. The government, however, does not intend to stop the protection program since the threat to the Tibetan antelope has not yet disappeared. Only when we learn to exist in harmony with nature can we stop being a threat to wildlife and to our planet.4. What can we learn from Zhaxi's words in paragraph 3?A. Protecting the animals can make money.B. Protecting the animals is protecting ourselves.C. He is not fond of protecting the animals.D. The reserve is only safe for wild animals.5. What is mainly talked about in paragraph 4?A. Why hunters hunt Tibetan antelopes.B. Why antelopes' living places changed.C. Why antelopes' number dropped greatly.D. Why the 1980s and the 1990s are unusual.6. What does the underlined word “removed” in the last paragraph probably mean?A. Deleted.B. Changed.C. Migrated.D. Recognized.7. What might be the future condition of Tibetan antelopes according to the last paragraph?A. They will be over-populated.B. They will be a threat to man and other wildlife.C. They will be on the endangered species list again.D. They will be in harmony with nature and humans.CThe annual 3-to-4-millimeter rise in sea levels is expected to impact many coastal communities in the coming decades. However, few are as defenceless as the Republic of theMaldives, a collection of more than a thousand picturesque islands in theIndian Ocean. NASA researchers believe that parts of what is “arguably the lowest-lying country in the world” will become uninhabitable by 2050, due to wave-driven flooding and limited freshwater. To fight the unavoidable, the government recently revealed plans for the world's first 'true' floating island city.The aptly-named Maldives Floating City (MFC) is the brainchild of Dutch Docklands, a global leader in floating infrastructure (基建). According to the March 13, 2021, announcement, the new city will be constructed on a 200-hectare lagoon (环礁湖) located just 10 minutes by boat from the Maldivian capital, Male. It will initially consist of a thousand waterfront residences, arranged in a series of honeycomb-like maze rows. The developers plan to add hotels, restaurants, shops, and even a school and a hospital in the near future. The floating structures. will be attached to the surrounding islands, which will form a base and provide protection from high tides.Maldive officials aim to make MFC as self-sufficient as possible. Freshwater storage will provide drinkingwater for residents, while floating solar blankets and agriculture fields will take care of their energy and food needs.“ThisMaldivesFloatingCitydoes not require any land rehabilitation, therefore has a minimal impact on the coral reefs,” explains Mohamed Nasheed, Speaker of Parliament. “What's more, giant, new reefs will be grown to act as water breakers. In theMaldives,we cannot stop the waves, but we can rise with them.”Construction of the revolutionary city is expected to begin in 2022 and be completed in phases over the next five years. If successful, it will provide a blueprint for other countries facing a similar situation.8. Why doesMaldivesdecide to build MFC?A. It is the lowest-lying country.B. It will be flooded soon.C. It is running out of fresh water.D. It will be unsuitable for living.9. What is Paragraph 2 mainly about?A. The prospect of MFC.B. The developers of the plan.C. The location of the residences.D. The barriers to the construction.10. What can we infer from the underlined words?A. MFC will keep waves away.B. MFC will make use of waves.C. MFC will adjust to the waves.D. MFC will work as water breakers.11. What's the writing purpose of this passage?A. To introduce a construction program.B. To appeal to people to protect nature.C. To seek international help forMaldives.D. To report the achievement of a city plan,DA North Atlantic right whale calf(幼崽) was discovered dead on the beach of an island off North Carolina. The male newborn was found on North Core Banks, part of the Cape Lookout National Seashore. The reports indicate that the animal died during birth or shortly after, according to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration(NOAA). Scientists took DNA to determine the calf’s mother.This is the beginning of the right whale’s reproduction(繁殖) season, which begins mid-November and runs through mid-April. NOAA called this death a disastrous start to the season. Each new right whale calf brings so much hope for this badly endangered animals, and losses like this have a great impact on their recovery, NOAA said.The right whale is one of the rarest marine mammals(哺乳动物) in the world, according to NOAA. They will soon be extinct unless something is done to save it, researchers warn. This kind of whale has been experiencing an Unusual Death Event over the past three years, according to NOAA. Since 2017, at least 32 dead and 13 seriously wounded whales have been documented by the organization. “This means more than 10 percent of the remaining population,” according to NOAA.NOAA posted a piece of news on Monday, the same day they announced the calf’s death, warning boaters to be watchful as the whales are migrating(迁徙) nearly 1,000 miles along the Atlantic Coast. The organization calls for boaters to be watchful, slow down and to give these endangered whales plenty of room. They also ask all fishermen to remove their unused nets from the ocean to help avoid possibledamage.12. Why did scientists take DNA of the calf?A. To save its mother.B. To confirm its identity.C. To determine the time of its death.D. To uncover the cause of its death.13. How many right whales are left according to the passage?A. About 40.B. About 50.C. About 400.D. About 500.14. What do we know aboutNorth Atlanticright whales?A. Their reproduction season usually last about half a year.B. They are the rarest marine mammals in the world.C. They are experiencing a high death rate of newborns.D. Their habitat runs nearly 1,000 miles along the coast.15. What’s the main purpose of the news posted on Monday?A. To announce the calf’s unusual death.B. To remind boaters to watch the whales.C. To protect the boats against the whales.D. To assist the whales’ seasonal migration.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。