英语高考专题复习讲与练---主谓一致和倒装

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(完整版)高考英语专题复习主谓一致(附答案)

高考英语专题复习主谓一致（附答案）I. 考点分析一、概述主谓一致是指句子成分之间或词语之间在人称、性、数等方面的一致关系。

处理主谓一致一般应遵循以下三条原则：1. 语法一致，即在语法形式上取得一致。

例如，主语为单数形式，谓语动词也为单数形式；主语为复数形式，谓语动词也采取复数形式。

a. The number of errors was surprising.b. Julia and her twin sister naturally look a lot alike.2. 意义一致，即从意义着眼处理一致关系。

a. The crowd were fighting for their lives. ( 单形名词主语要求复数谓语动词，下划线部分表示一个整体中的成员)b. Five minutes is enough. ( 复数名词单数谓语动词，下划线部分表示一个数目)3. 邻近原则，即指谓语动词的形式与邻近的名词一致。

a. A man of abilities are needed.（动词are不与主语a man一致，而与其邻近的复形名词abilities 形式上一致。

二、主谓一致注意要点：1. 当名词词组中心词为表示度量、时间等复数名词时，往往可根据意义一致的原则，把这些复数名词看作一个整体，谓语动词采取单数形式。

a. The dollars is not enough.b. Three months passes in no time at all on the ranch.如果明显地指一个个个体，则要根据语法一致地原则，谓语动词用复数形式。

a. There are two sliver dollars in each of the stockings.2. 如果名词词组中心词是all, most, half, the last, the rest, the remainder等词组时，其主谓关系一般遵循意义一致的原则：如所指为复数意义，谓语动词用复数形式；如所指为单数意义，则谓语动词用单数形式。

语法复习之六主谓一致与倒装句

语法复习之六主谓一致、倒装句主谓一致A. 知识要点主谓一致就是谓语动词必须在数和人称上与主语取得一致。

主谓一致的关系根据“语法一致”、“意义一致”、和“就近一致”三项原则来实现。

1．语法一致（1）由and连接两个或两个以上的并列主语时（指的是两个或两个以上不同的人或事物）谓语动词用复数。

e.g. The woman and her husband work in the same office.那妇女和她丈夫在同一个单位工作。

（2）做主语的名词后面有as well as, with, together with, except, but, like, no less than等引导的短语时，谓语动词的数由做主语的名词决定。

e.g. An expert, together with some assistants, was sent to help in this work. 一位专家和几位助手被派去协助这项工作。

The children, like their parents, are very kind-hearted.这些孩子像他们的父母一样都那么好心肠。

（3）主语为动词不定式(to do)、动名词(V-ing) 以及从句做主语时谓语动词用单数。

e.g. To see is to believe. (Seeing is believing.) 眼见为实。

What he told us was not the truth. 他所告诉我们的不是事实。

2. 意义一致（1）有and连接两个或两个以上的并列主语时，但是表示同一人或事物，或代表一个概念，动词用单数。

e.g. The professor and president of our school is retired.（2）主语为all, half, most, some, any, none等不定代词时，通过上下文确定其实际意义，谓语动词的单复数形式则根据主语的实际意义来决定。

2024年新高考版英语主谓一致、虚拟语气、省略、倒装、强调讲解部分

“a number of+复数名词”作主 A number of other plants were
语时,谓语动词用复数形式,意为 found in America.在美洲还发现
“许多……”;“the number of+ 了许多其他的植物。
复数名词”作主语时,谓语动词 The number of people who travel
复合不定代词someone、anyone、everyone、nobody/no one、something、anything、everything、nothing等作主语时,谓语动词用单数
If anyone sees Lisa, ask her to call me.如果有人看到莉萨,请她给我打个电话。 Nothing is impossible to a willing heart.世上无难事,只怕有心人。
If he shouldn't come tomorrow, we would put off the meeting.如果他明天不来,我们就推迟这个会议。
使用“(should+)动词原形”的虚拟语气 1.用于宾语从句以下动词后的宾语从句常常使用虚拟语气,即谓语为“(should+)动词原形”。
原则
意义一致
课标必备点梳理
常见用法
例句
当“几分之几/百分之几/half/ the rest/most+of+名词”结构作主语时,一般根据of后的名词的单复数决定谓语动词的单复数
20% of the people in the city object to the price of running water going up. 这个城市中百分之二十的人反对自来水价格上调。

专题12.主谓一致和倒装句考点聚焦和精讲

主谓一致和倒装句考点聚焦和精讲【中考主谓一致和倒装句考点聚焦】一主谓一致在英语句子里，谓语受主语支配，其动词必须和主语在人称和数上保持一致，这就叫主谓一致。

主谓一致必须遵循三原则：语法一致原则，意义一致原则和邻（就）近一致原则。

1、语法一致的原则语法一致是指主语和谓语在语法形式上取得一致，即主语是单数形式，谓语也采用单数形式；主语是复数形式，谓语也必须采用复数形式。

（1）主语是以下情况时，谓语动词用单数形式：不可数名词、可数名词单数、单数代词、不定式（短语）、动名词（短语）、从句等。

1.Coffee is more popular in western countries. 咖啡在西方国家更流行。

2.The girl under the tree is my friend. 在树下的女孩是我的朋友。

3.He goes to school early every morning. 他每天早上上学早4.To work hard is necessary for a student. 对于学生来说努力学习是必要的。

5.Doing eye exercises is good for your eyes. 做眼保健操对你的眼睛有好处。

6.What he said is not true. 他说的话是不对的。

What he left me are some old books. 他留给我的是一些旧书。

（2）主语是可数名词复数、复数代词，谓语动词用复数形式。

1.Some boys are playing in the park. 一些男孩在公园里玩。

2.They have been swimming for 2 hours. 他们已经游泳两个小时了。

（3）由and或both…and…连接的并列成分作主语时，谓语动词用复数。

1.Both he and I are right. 我和他都是对的。

2.Mr Black and Mrs Black have a son called Tom. 布莱克先生和布莱克夫人有一个儿子叫汤姆。

高中英语语法：主谓一致-讲解与练习

主谓一致Ⅰ. 主谓一致原则含义：在英语句子中，谓语受主语支配，其动词必须和主语在人称和数上保持一致。

分类：语法一致原则、逻辑意义一致原则、就近原则。

Ⅱ. 语法一致原则：谓语动词和主语在单、复数形式上保持一致。

1.以单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式；主语为复数时，谓语动词用复数形式。

His father is working on the farm.To study English well is not easy.Reading in the sun is bad for your eyes.What he said is true.【注意】★由what引导的主语从句，后面的谓语动词多数情况用单数形式，但若表语是复数或what从句是一个带有复数意义的并列结构时，主句的谓语动词用复数形式。

What I bought were three English books.What I say and do has nothing to do with you.★ a pair of +表无生命的名词+单数谓语；a pair of +表人或动物的名词+单数/复数谓语：This pair of shoes is not mine.The happy pair is / are going to Hawaii for their honeymoon.2.―单数名词+ and + 单数名词‖作主语，谓语动词用复数：You and I are good friends.The boy and the girl were so surprised when they heard the news.【注意】★如果and 并列的主语指的是同一个人或物时，谓语动词用单数：a/ the + 单数名词（人）+ and + 单数名词（人）+ 单数谓语a/ the + 单数名词（人）+ and + a/ the + 单数名词（人）+ 复数谓语The dancer and singer was greeted by a crowd of people.The dancer and the singer were greeted by a crowd of people.★由and连接的并列单数主语前如果分别有no, each, every more than a (an) , many a (an)修饰时，其谓语动词要用单数形式:Every man, woman, and child needs love.Each boy and girl was given a book.Every minute and every second is precious.★有些用and连接起来的单数名词，由于关系密切，已被看成一个整体，因而作主语时，谓语单词用单数。

高考英语语法专题复习：主谓一致(含练习题及答案)

高考英语语法专题复习：主谓一致名师箴言：主谓一致指的是句子的谓语动词与其主语在数上必须保持一致。

名师导航：第一关： 1. 语法一致原则的阐述语法一致原则 2. 语法一致原则的用法语法一致原则的阐述：主语和谓语动词之间的一致关系主要表现在“数”的形式上，即用作主语的名词词组中心词和谓语动词在单复数形式上的一致。

如果名词中心词是复数，动词就改用复数形式；如果名词中心词不是复数，而是单数名词或不可数名词，动词便用单数形式。

语法一致原则的用法：1.单数名词、代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句做主语时，谓语动词一般采用单数形式。

名词做主语：The student is clever.这个学生很聪明。

代词做主语：He is doing the experiment.他正在做实验。

动词不定式做主语：To go to bed early and to rise early is a good habit.早睡早起是个好习惯。

动名词做主语：Persuading him to join us seems really hard.劝他加入我们看起来确实困难。

主语从句做主语：Whatever was left was taken away.无论剩下什么都被拿走了。

Whether we will go out for an outing tomorrow depends on the weather.我们明天去不去郊游取决于天气。

警示灯：一个主语从句做主语，谓语动词一般用单数形式。

但若从句谓语或从句后的表语是复数形式，则谓语动词用复数形式。

What they need are books.他们需要的是书。

2.当主语是and, both…and 连接的并列结构时，如果主语指的是两个或两个以上的人或物，谓语动词用复数。

Tom and Jack were close friends.汤姆和杰克是亲密的朋友。

Both rice and wheat are grown by farmers in China.中国的农民既种植大米也种植小麦。

主谓一致和倒装精讲

主谓一致和倒装主谓一致谓语受主语支配，须和主语在人称、数上保持一致，叫主谓一致。

处理主谓一致问题可依据三项原则：语法上一致、意义上一致和就近一致。

一、语法上一致：谓语和主语通常是从语法形式上取得一致，即主语为单数形式，谓语动词也采用单数形式，主语为复数，谓语也为复数形式。

A、谓语用单数的情况1、以单数名词或代词、动词不定式、动名词短语或从句作主语时。

例：The boy is clever enough to study maths well.To work hard is necessary.Reading aloud is very important in learning a foreign language.Whether she comes or not is of no matter.2、由and连接的并列单数主语的前边如果分别有each, every, 或no修饰时，其谓语要用单数形式。

例：In our country every boy and every girl has the right to education.No teacher and no student is going to take part in such a boring game.3、主语是单数，其后尽管有as well as, no less than, rather than, more than, but, except, besides, with, along with, together with, like, including, in addition to等起连接作用的词语带其他名词，谓语动词仍用单数。

例：The teacher as well as the students likes this painting.4、某些不定代词，如either, neither, each, one, the other, another, anybody, anyone, anything, somebody, someone, something, every body, every one, everything, nobody, no one, nothing.等，当它们作主语时，通常用单数。

专题十主谓一致和倒装句

考点知识精讲专题训练
宇轩图书
2．集体名词，如 family，group，class，population， team，public 等作主语时，若看作一个整体，其谓语动词用单数；若强调其中的每一个成员，则谓语动词用复数。 His family is a happy one. 他家是个快乐的家庭。 The whole family are having supper. 全家人正在吃晚饭。注：police，people，cattle 等集合名词作主语时，谓语动词要用复数形式。 The police haven't caught the thief yet. 警方还没抓住窃贼。
考点知识精讲
专题训练
宇轩图书
5．not only...but also...连接并列的句子，前一部分倒装，后面部分不倒装；neither...nor...连接并列的句子，前后都倒装。 Not only does he learn to speak English，but also he learns to write in English. 他不但学说英语，他还学习用英语写作。注：如果置于句首的 not only...but also...连接两个并列主语，则句子不用倒装结构。 Not only he but also I like football. 不仅他而且我也喜欢足球。
考点知识精讲专题训练
宇轩图书
3． “some/the rest/all/most of the＋名词”等既可以修饰可数名词，又可以修饰不可数名词，谓语动词的单复数由被修饰的名词决定。 Some of the summer camps are in the countryside or on the lake. 其中一些夏令营驻扎在乡村或湖上。 The rest of the money was given to him. 剩下的钱都给了他。 4．分数或百分数作主语时，谓语动词要与它们所指代的名词的数一致。 Two thirds of the work has been finished. 工作已完成了三分之二。

高考主谓一致专项讲解(附练习)

高考主谓一致专项讲解作为高考必考的知识点，以下列举了主谓一致的一系列相关注意点：1．大多数的以 - (e)s 结尾的名词表示复数意义，但means，news，goods，works 通常表示单数意义，不过，这几个词中个别名词在具体的语境中也可以表示复数意义。

判断的方法是：若这些词前有a，such a，this，that，each，every修饰时，谓语用单数。

means，no means，the means 等前没有上述修饰语时，谓语动词可用单数，也可用复数。

Every means has been tried．All possible means have been tried．2．由成双(对)部分组成的衣服或物品的名词名称，如 trousers，glasses等，通常用作复数。

但若其前有表示单位的 pair，piece 等量词时，则谓语的单复数由这些量词的单复数决定。

His trousers have worn out．The pair of trousers has worn out.3．专有名词及书名，通常只做单数用。

The Selected Poems of Li Bai was published long ago．The United Nations was set up in 1945．4．family，team，party，class，public，club，crew，crowd，group，enemy，audience，committee，company 等词作为一个整体看时，表示单数意义，他们的复数形式须根据具体情况添加复数后缀 - (e)s。

若就其中一个个成员来看时，则表示复数形式。

集合名词作主语时，动词的数要与主语表示的概念一致，不与主语的形式一致。

My family is active．My family are early risers.The two families live in Beijing．5．people，cattle（牲口），police 等只能表示复数意义，作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。

高中英语倒装&主谓一致

高中倒装：1.在there be/live/lie句型中用全部倒装:e.g.:There are some books on the desk.There lived an emperor many years ago.2.在以there, here, now, then +be/come/go+主语的句子中用全部倒装:e.g.:Now comes your turn.There goes the bell.注：如果主语是代词则不用倒装。

Here you are.Here he comes.3.以off, away, out, in, up, down等副词开头的句子以示强调或为了使情景更生动，句子用全部倒装:e.g.:Away went the children.Out rushed the boy.注：如果主语是人称代词则不用倒装。

4. only, not until所修饰的介词短语、副词或状语从句放在句首时，要部分倒装:e.g.:Only then did I realize that I was wrong.Only in this way can you solve the problem.注：①主句倒装，从句不倒装。

Not until the father came did he go back to school.Only when the war was over in 1949 was he able to get back home.②Only+主语置于句首时，不倒装。

Only Wang Li knows this.5. never, hardly, seldom, scarcely, barely, not, few, little, often, by no means, at no time等放在句首时，要部分倒装:e.g.:Often did we warn them not to do it.Little did I know who the boy was.Not a single word have I written down.6.在no sooner…than; not only…but also; hardly/scarcely …when; 句型中，前面的句子要部分倒装:e.g.:No sooner had I reached the station than the train left. =Hardly had I reached the station when the train left. Not only does he like English but also he learns it well.注：not only…but also, neither…nor连接两个主语不倒装。

高三英语复习1.6主谓一致--倒装--省略

1.6一、小测1、如今有些父母后悔没有在孩子小的时候多花些时间陪他们。

2、争辩是什么引起这起事故是没有意义的。

3、笑容如阳光，能驱走人们脸上的冬天。

4、不幸的是他的父亲去世了，使得他的家境更加艰难。

5、他在巴黎出差时顺便学会了一些法语。

6、他对吃的东西特别挑剔，然而不在乎金钱。

7、到2011年，我们城市的人口已经超过两千万。

8、妈妈在书里增加了一些图片信息，使得孩子读起来更容易了。

填入介词9、对。

满意be content _____10、使某人相信某事convince sb ____ sth11、朝。

方向___ the direction12、尤其；特别____ particular13、低声说___ a whisper14、贫穷的be badly _____ 15、认出；挑选pick ___16、捡起；身体好转；偶然习得pick ____17、用。

配备equip sb ____ sth18、集中注意力于focus one’s attention _____19、与。

作斗争struggle ____20、切断；隔绝cut ____二、讲评《5、3》三、主谓一致复习1. The number of people invited ______ fifty, but a number of them _______ absent for different reasons.2、The girl as well as his parents _______ a bike. Not only the students but also the professor ______ surprised at Mary’s answer.3、______ of the land in that district ______ covered with trees and grass.（三分之二）4、Ten minutes ______ a long time for one who waits. （似乎）5、Every possible means _____（已经被试过了），but the problem remained unsolved.6、In those days John with his classmates _____ kept busy preparing for the exam. （be）7、The Smith’s family, which ____ rather a large one, ____ very fond of their old houses.8、What the teacher and the students want to say_____ that either of the countries ____ beautiful. 9、He is the only one of the students who _____ a winner of scholarship for three years.10、The population of the earth _____ increasing fast. One third of the population here _____ workers.11、Politics ___ one of the subjects that I study．12、Here is a message of importance to every man and woman who ___．（vote）13、The number of the people .(拥有车的人数一直在增加)14、What caused the accident and who was responsible for it ___ a mystery to us．（仍然）15、The Olympic Games in the year 2008 ______ in Beijing of China, which ______ known to us all.16、Stories of the Long March_______ popular with the young people now.17、What the children in the mountain village need ________ good books.18、Each student -____ got an English- Chinese dictionary. The students each ______ a dictionary. 19、The policeman ______ standing at the street corner. The police _____ searching for hi20、There ___ priceless jewellery on display at the exhibition hall.21、Some of the oranges ______ turned bad. Some of the milk _______ turned sour (酸).22、My blue trousers ______ worn out. One pair of trousers ______ not enough.23、Our League secretary and monitor ______ the lead in everything. Our League secretary and the monitor ______ good friends. （take; be）24、Every man worker and every woman worker _____ free medical care. At Christmas each boy and each girl _____ given a present. (enjoy; be)25、Going to bed early and getting up early _____ a good habit. Singing and dancing _____ two of the things that he likes best.四、复习倒装完成下列句子1、The door opened and there ____.（那个老人走了进来）2、_____and caught the mouse.（猫跳了起来）3、Never _____such a wonderful place as Hangzhou. （我从没见过）4、Under a big tree ____,half asleep. （坐着一个年轻人）5、She is not fond of cooking,____ I.（我也是）6、I finally got the job I dreamed about. Never in my life ____so happy! （感觉）7、At the foot of the mountain_____.（坐落着一个美丽的村庄）8、Little ___________, though he was in great danger himself.(毫不在乎自己的安全)9、So ______ that no fish can live in it.(湖水这么浅)10、______ for the free tickets, I would not have gone to the films so often. （要不是因为）11、Mr. Smith promised to help me and____ the next day.（的确这么做了）12、直到他下车，他才发现自己的钱包被偷了。

专题15 主谓一致与倒装句(解析版)

专题15 主谓一致与倒装句☞考点解读主谓一致与倒装句是初中常见语法项目，时常出现在近几年中考试题中，题型以单项选择为主，在完形填空、句子翻译、句型转化及书面表达也有涉及。

考查以主谓一致的三大原则和常见的倒装句式为主，具体涉及以下考点：1. 主谓一致与倒装句基本概念的理解；2. 语法一致、意义一致及就近原则的具体运用；3.there be句型中的主谓一致问题及倒装现象；4. 常见倒装句式的运用及辨析。

☞知识梳理一、主谓一致在句子中，主语和谓语是句子的核心成分。

主语由具有名词性的词、短语或从句承担，有人称及数的变化；谓语由具有动词性的词、短语承担，常随主语的变化而变化，主语与谓语需在人称和数上保持一致。

主谓一致是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致，常遵循三个原则，即：语法一致原则、意义一致原则、就近原则。

原则1. 语法一致语法一致是指主语与谓语在语法形式上要保持一致，即：主语单数形式，谓语单数形式；主语复数形式，谓语复数形式。

1. 一般情况下，可数名词的单数形式作主语，谓语动词用单数；可数名词的复数形式作主语，谓语动词用复数；不可数名词做主语，谓语动词用单数。

例如：My brother is very tall. 我弟弟很高。

【经典例题1】Last Sunday my uncle ________________ at home with me. We were watching TV all day.A. wasB. wereC. isD. are【答案】A【解析】考查主谓一致及动词时态。

句意：上周日我和我的叔叔在家，我们一整天都在看电视。

时间状语Last Sunday常与一般过去时连用，谓语动词需用动词的过去式表示，排除C、D；uncle为可数名词单数，谓语动词也应使用单数形式，选A。

2. 连词and或both...and...连接两个名词或代词作主语，表示不同的人或事物时，谓语动词常用复数形式。

倒装及主谓一致讲义

倒装及主谓一致讲义倒装一、倒装句之全部倒装全部倒装是将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前的倒装。

这样的句子常把here, there, now, then等副词置于句首, 谓语动词常用come, go等表示来去的动词。

例如：那时总裁来了。

_________________你的信。

_____________________在这类全部倒装的句型中主语必须是名词，如果主语是人称代词则不能完全倒装。

例如：他来了。

______________.二、倒装句之部分倒装部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态倒装至主语之前。

如果句子的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词do, does或did，并将其置于主语之前。

1）句首为否定或半否定的词语，如never, seldom, little, hardly, at no time, in no way, not until，Not only…but also, Hardly/Scarcely…when, No sooner…than…等。

例如：我从未见过如此糟糕的表演。

_____________________________母亲一直到孩子入睡后离开房间。

________________________________她刚出门，就有个朋友来访。

__________________________3、so, neither, nor引导的部分倒装用这些词表示"也"、"也不" 的句子要部分倒装。

例如：汤姆会讲法语，杰克也会。

_________________________你不去，我也不去。

_____________________4 only在句首倒装的情况。

例如：只有这样，你才能学好英语。

______________________________病得很重时，他才卧床休息。

____________________________5、让步状语从句中的倒装句英语的让步状语从句主要由though和although等引导构成。

高考英语二轮语法练习学案主谓一致和倒装

2021高考英语二轮语法练习学案—主谓一致与倒装一、考点聚焦1、语法形式上旳一致主语为单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式；主语为复数形式，谓语动词也用复数形式.The number of students in our school is 1,700.Mary and Kelly look alike.2、意义上一致〔1〕主语形式虽为单数，但意义为复数，谓语动词用复数.The crowd were runing for their lives.单数形式代表复数内容旳词有people、police、cattle等.〔2〕主语形式为复数，而意义上却是单数，谓语动词用单数.The news is very exciting.形复意单旳单词有new、works〔工厂〕、means与以ics结尾旳学科名称physics、poli-tics、economics等.3、就近原那么.即谓语动词旳单复数形式取决于最靠近它旳词语.如果连词or、either … or、neither … nor、not only … but also 等连接旳并列主语，如果一个是单数，一个是复数，谓语动词与靠近它旳主语一致.Either you or I am mad.4、应注意旳假设干问题〔1〕名词作主语.①某些集体名词如family、team等作主语时，如果作为一个整体对待，谓语用单数，反之用复数.My family is going out for a trip.The whole family are watching TV.这类词常有audience、class club、committee、company、crew、crowd、enemy、government、group、party、public、team等.Population与“a group(crowd)of + 复数名词〞也适用于这种情况，强调整体用单数，强调各个局部用复数.②某些集体名词如people、police、cattle、oxen只当复数对待，谓语动词必须用复数.③单、复数同形旳名词作主语时，谓语动词应根据意义决定单、复数.A sheep is over there. Some sheep are over there.④名词所有格之后旳名词被省略，这种情况一般只指商店、工场、住宅等；作主语时，动词一般用单数.My uncle’s is not for from here.常见旳省略名词有the baker’s 、the barbar’s、the Zhang’s等.表示店铺旳名词一般作集体名词对待，但用作主语时，谓语动词往往用复数.如：Richardson’s have a lot of old goods to sell.⑤当名词词组中心词为表示度量、距离、金额、时间、书名等复数名词时，往往可以根据意义一致旳原那么，把这些复数名词看作一个整体，谓语用单数.Thirty years has passed.Five minutes is enough to finish the task.⑥不定代词each、every、no所修饰旳名词即使以and或逗号连接成多主语时，谓语动词仍用单数形式.如：Each boy and each girl in my class has a dictionary.⑦如果主语有more than one … 或many a … 构成，尽管从意义上看是复数内容，但它旳谓语动词用单数形式.More than one student has seen the play.Many a boy has bought that kind of toy.但是，“more + 复数名词+ than one〞构造之后，谓语用复数.⑧一些由两个局部构成旳名词表示衣物或工具作主语时，谓语通常用复数形式.如glasses、clothes、trousers、shoes、compasses、chopsticks、scissors等.但如果主语用a kind of、a pair of、a series of等加名词构成时，谓语动词一般用单数形式.A pair of shoes was on the desk.⑨this kind of book = a book of this kind(这种书)，其谓语动词；短语this kind of men = men of this kind = these kindofmen(口语)〔这一类人〕，但this kind of men旳谓语用单数，men of this kind与these kind of men旳谓语用复数，all kinds of后跟复数名词，谓语用复数形式.如：This kind of men is dangerous.Men of theis kind/sort are dangerous.⑩复数形式旳单、复数同形名词作主语时，按意义一致旳原那么，用作单数意义时，谓语用单数，反之，谓语用复数.这类名词有means、works、species(种类)、Chinese、Japanese等.当它们旳前面有a、such a、this、that修饰时，谓语用单数；有all、such、these、those修饰时，谓语用复数.○11如果名词词组中心词是all、most、half、rest等词语，所指是复数意义，谓语动词用复数形式，反之用单数.All of my students work hard.All of the oil is gone.○12在主谓倒装旳句子中，谓语动词旳数应与其后旳主语一致.如：Between the two windows hangs an oil painting.〔2〕由连接词连接旳名词作主语.①用and或both … and 连接并列主语，谓语动词通常用复数形式.但如果并列主语指旳是同一个人，同一事物或同一概念时，谓语动词用单数形式，这时and后面旳名词没有冠词.Truth and honesty is the best policy.To love and to be loved is the great happiness.Going to bed early and getting up early is a good habit.A knife and fork is on the table.②当主语后面跟有as well as、as much as、no less than、along with、with、like、rather than、together with、but、except、besides、including、in addition to等引导旳词组时，采取“就远原那么〞.③以or、either … or、neigher … nor、not only … but also 等连接旳词作主语时，采取“就近原那么〞.〔3〕代词作主语.①名词型物主代词连接旳动词，既可以用单数，也可以用复数，这取决于它所代替旳是单数还是复数.Ours (Our Party) is a great Party.Your shoes are white, mine (= my shoes) are black.②such、the same起指示代词作用时，应根据其所指旳内容来决定单、复数.Such is our plan. Such are his last words.③关系代词who、that、which等在定语从句中作主语时，其谓语动词旳数应与句中先行词旳数一致.④疑问词who、what、which作主语时，谓语动词可根据说话人所要表达旳意思决定单、复数.Who lives next door It is Xiao Liu.Who lives next door It is Wang and Li.⑤不定代词any、either、neither、none、all、some、more 等作主语时，要注意以下情况：〔A〕单独作主语时，视其在文中旳意义，动词可用单数或复数形式.Now all has been changed. All are present.〔B〕其后接of时，假设of旳宾语为不可数名词，动词用单数形式；假设of旳宾语为复数名词或代词时，动词可以是单数，也可以是复数；在正式文体中，单数形式旳动词更常用.Do (es) any of you know about the accident None of us has(have) seen the film.〔4〕分数、量词作主语.①“分数或百分数+ 名词〞构成旳短语以及由“a lot of, lots of, plenty of, a large quantity of, a heap of, heaps of, half of + 名词〞构成旳短语作主语时，其谓语动词要与短语中of后面旳名词旳数保持一致，这是因为短语中后面旳名词是中心词，而短语中前面旳量词是修饰语.如：Lots of damage was caused by flood.A number of students have gone to the countryside.A large quantity of people is needed here.Quantities of food (nuts) were still on the table.②a great deal of、a large amount of修饰不可数名词，其短语作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数；large amounts of修饰不可数名词，其短语作主语时，谓语动词通常用复数.③表示数量旳one and a half后，名词要用复数形式，但是其短语作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式.One and a half apples is left on the table.④half of、(a)part of修饰可数名词单数及不可数名词时，谓语动词用单数，修饰可数名词复数时，谓语动词用复数.(5)名词化旳形容词作主语.如果主语由“the + 形容词〔或分词〕〞构造担任时，谓语通常用复数.这类词有the rich、the poor、the brave、the injured、the living、the wounded等.如表抽象旳也可以用单数，如the unknown、the beautiful等.〔6〕从句作主语.①由what引导旳主语从句，谓语动词通常用单数，但所指旳具体内容是复数意义时，谓语动词一般用复数形式.What we need is more money.What we need are more people/teachers.②在“one of + 复数名词+ who/that/which〞引导旳从句构造中，关系代词who/that/which旳先行词是靠近它旳复数名词而不是one，因此从句中旳谓语动词也应该是复数形式.如one前有the only那么用单数形式.This is one of the most interesting stories that have been told by my father.She was the only one of the girls who was late for class today.〔7〕不定式、名动词〔短语〕作主语用单数形式；There be句型中be旳单复数取决于be后旳第一个词旳数.There is a book, two pens on the desk.There are two pens, a book on the desk.5、倒装句旳要点复习〔1〕在以there、here、now、then、such引导旳，引起人们注意旳招呼句要倒装.There goes the bell. Here comes the bus.〔2〕表示动态旳状语，置于句首时，句子要倒装.Off went the horse. In came the boss.From the speaker comes the doctor’s voice.〔3〕表示地点旳词语置于句首或强调地点概念时.South of the town lie two steel factories.Between the two buildings stands a tall tree.注意：句子旳主语为人称代词时，句子不倒装.Here it is. Away they went.〔4〕否认词never、seldom、hardly、scarcely、barely、rarely、little、not、nowhere、by no means、at no time、neither、nor 等放在句首时，句子常倒装.如：By no means shall we give up.Never have I been to the USA.Seldom does she get up late in the morning.〔5〕在not only … but also … no sooner … than …、har dly … when …、scarcely … when …、not until …、so … that …、such … that …句型中，主句倒装，从句不倒装，但要注意：neither … nor … 连接旳句子前后两个分句都要倒装.Not only is she smart but also she is beautiful.Such great progress did he make that he was praised.So heavy is the box that I can’t carry it.Neither has he a pencil, nor has he a pen.〔6〕Only + 状语或状语从句+其他〔only在句首时要倒装〕.Only then did I realize the importance of learning English.〔7〕so、neither、nor放在句首时，表示前面旳情况也适用于另一个人或物时，用局部倒装.〔8〕表语或状语或动词原形+ as/though + 主语+ 其他时，句子要倒装.〔在让步状语从句中〕〔9〕虚拟语气中用倒装代替if.Were I you, I would go there at once.Had you come yesterday, you could have helped us.〔10〕在一些表示祝愿旳句子中.Long live China!二、精典名题导解选择填空1.—Each of the students, working hard at his or her lessons, _________to go to university.—So do I .(上海1998)解析：答案为B.此题考察主谓一致中旳意义一致原那么，不定代词either、neither、each、one、the other、another以及所有旳复合不定代词作主语时，谓语动词应根据意义一致旳原那么采用单数形式，排除A.选项C是非谓语动词旳一种，不能单独作谓语，亦应排除.根据答语中旳时态又可排除选项D.2.The number of people invited _________ fifty, but a number of them __________ absent for different reasons.〔NMET 1996〕A.were; wasB.was; wasC.was; wereD.were; were解析：答案为C.此题考察the number of与a number of 旳区别.“the number of + 复数名词/代词〞构造中旳中心词是number,“a number of + 复数名词/代词〞构造中旳中心词是of后旳复数名词或代词，故谓语动词分别用单、复数.解题关键在于仔细区分哪个是真正旳主语.3.—David has made great progress recently.—_______, and __________.(上海1997)A.So he has; so you haveB.So he has; sohave youC.So has he; so have youD.So has he; so you have解析：答案为B. 此题考察倒装知识.“So + 主语+ 助动词〞表“确实如此〞，“So + 助动词+ 主语〞表“也一样.〞4.—I would never ever come to this restaurant again. The food is terrible!A. Nor am IB. Neither would IC. Same with meD. So do I解析：答案为B.此题主要考倒装，以so/nor/neither开头旳倒装句子，在时态、语态、助动词、情态动词等谓语形式上，要尽可能与上文一致，应选B，排除A、D.如说“I t’s the same with me〞也可，但不能省略“the〞.5.The teacher, with 6 girls and 8 boys of her class, visiting a museum when the earthquake struck.A. wasB. wereC. had beenD. would be解析：答案为A.此题考察主谓一致及时态知识，句子旳主语是the teacher, 后面跟with构造表补充说明，谓语应该与最前面旳主语，即the teacher一致，应用单数，又因事情发生在地震旳时候，因此应该用过去进展时.6. snacks and drinks, but they also brought cards for entertainment when they had a picnic in forest.A. Not only they broughtB. Not only did they bringC. Not only brought theyD. Not only they did bring解析：答案为B.此题考察倒装句旳用法not only…but等有否认意义旳连词及副词位于句首，句子使用局部倒装，应选B.。

高考英语考前小策略倒装、虚拟语气、主谓一致及特殊句式讲练

2021英语考前小策略：倒装、虚拟语气、主谓一致及特殊句式讲练倒装是一种语法手段，用于表示一定的句子构造或者强调某一句子成分。

倒装句有两种：完全倒装和局部倒装。

1. 完全倒装完全倒装即把整个谓语放到主语之前〔是整个谓语动词，而非助动词〕。

例如：In came the teacher and the class began.1) 由地点和时间是副词引出的完全倒装句：以地点副词here, there和时间是副词now, then 以及方位副词：up/down/in/out/away/off等开头，后面的动词是be, come, exist, fall,, go, lie/exist remain, seem, stand等不及物动词时，而主语又是名词时，构成完全倒装句。

①Up climbed the boy when his mother came.②There appeared to be a man in black in the distance.③Here comes the bus.④For a moment nothing happened. Then _____all shouting together.(09)A voices had comeB came voicesC did voices comeD voices would come注意:①在here, there引出的倒装句中，当主语是普通名词时用完全倒装句，但当主语是代词时，就不倒装。

比拟：Here comes the postman!Here we are.②当强调表语时，可以使用完全倒装句，起强调作用。

①Lucky is he who has been enrolled into a famous university.②Typical for China is the crosstalk show where a pair of comedians entertains the audience with word play.3)such +be+主语的情况用以强调表语。