Education in the United States
英美文化选择题
英美国情选择题美国部分Unit3 America Beginning1.Which of the following statements was correct around the time of the American Revolution?A.The American has the mixed blood of Europeans or theirdescendants.B.The American had the mixed blood of Europeans withAmerican Indians.C.The American had the mixed blood of Europeans withblack,D.The American had the blood of the English and theirdescendants only, 子孙，后裔2.Which of the following was not one of the three forces that led to the modern development of Europe?A.The growth of capitalism资本主义B.The Renaissance 文艺复兴C.The Religious Reformation 宗教改革D.The spiritual leadership of the Roman Catholic Church.3.The following were the main Reformation leaders except__A.Martin Luther马丁路德B.Martin Luther KingC.John Calvin约翰·加尔文D.The English King Henry VIII 亨利八世4.The following were some of the characteristics of Protestantism except__新教教徒新教，耶稣教，基督教A.Challenging the authority of the Pope罗马教皇B.Salvation through faithC.Salvation through churchD.Establishing a direct contact with God5.Which of the following American values did not come from Puritanism?A.Separation of state and churchB.Respect of educationC.Intolerant moralismD.A sense of mission6.Lord Baltimore’s feudal plan failed Not because__A.There were more Protestant than Catholic in MarylandB.The wilderness of the continent made the plan impossibleC.There was plenty of land while labor was scarce 缺乏的D.The English King did not the like the plan7.The following were the founding fathers of the American Republic except__A.George WashingtonB.Thomas JeffersonC.William PennD.Benjamin Franklin8.The theory of American politics and the American Revolution originated mainly from__ D. John Locke9.Which of the following was not a denomination of Protestantism? 教派A.CatholicsB.PuritansC.QuakersD.Church of England10.“No taxation without representation” was the rallying cry of __ D. the people of the 13 colonies on the eve of the American RevolutionUnit 4 The Political System in the United States1.Which of the following statements is Not correct? When the War of Independence was over,A.Each new state had its own governmentB.Each new state made its own laws and handled all of itsinternal affairs.C.The national government was called the Congress withlittle powerD.The relationships between the states and the nationalgovernment were clearly defined.2.According to the author, the Articles of Confederation failed because of the following reasons, which is not true?A.the new states did not cooperate with the Congress orwith each other.B.Some new states wanted to be from the UnionC.The Congress could not raise money to pay the nationalarmy and to pay debts owed to France and other nations.D.The Congress had no power to tax any citizen.3.Which of the following state refused to participate in the Constitution Convention?宪法会议A.VirginiaB.Rhode IslandC.New YorkD.Maryland4.Which of the following statements is NOT correct?When the Constitution was written,A.There was a Bill of Rights in the ConstitutionB.There was no Bill of RightsC.The Constitution did not have any words guaranteeing thefreedoms or the basic rights and privileges of citizens,D.A“ Bill of Rights” was added to the Constitution 4 yearsafter the Constitution was made.5.Which of the following is the only branch that can make federal laws, and levy federal tax? B. The legislative 立法权6.Which of the following is not a power of the president?A.The president can veto any bill passed by CongressB.The president has the authority to appoint federal judgeswhen vacancies occur.C.The president can make laws.D.The president had broad powers, with the executivebranch, to issue regulations and directives regarding the work of the federal departments. 执行7.The Bill of Rights consist of __ C. 10 amendments added to the Constitution in 17918.Which of the following is not guarantee in the Bill of Rights?A.The freedom of religionB.The freedom of searching a person’s home by policeC.The freedom of speech and of the pressD.The right to own weapons if one wishes9.The following were NOT written into the Constitution in 1787 except__A.The Bill of RightsB.The judicial reviewC.The political party systemD.The power of the president10.The New Deal was started by __ A. Franklin Roosevelt罗斯福新政Unit 5 American Economy1.The first factory in the United State was a cotton textile mill in Pawtucket, in the state of __ B. Rhode Island2.The “American system” of mass production was first used in __ C. textile industry 纺织业3.The United States had the first standard paper currency货币in __C. 18634.In which year was the United States rated No.1 in terms of production capacity in the world? C. 19455.Which of the following is NOT considered as part of the service industry?A.BankingB.Management consultation 咨询C.AirlineD.steelmaking6.The United States was rated fourth in the world in terms ofland area and the size of population.7.The United States produces as much as half of the world’s __D. soybean s and corn大豆8.Which of the following is generally considered as an important institutional制度的 factor that contributed to the success of American business and industry?issez-faire自由放任B.Bountiful resources丰富的资源C.Vast dimensions大规模D.Entrepreneurial spirit创业者的，企业家的9.Who has extolled the virtues of famers? A. Thomas Jefferson10.The latest technology that farmers have adopted is __D. computersUnit 6 Religion in the United States1.Which of the following was NOT a Protestant denomination?宗教A.The BaptistsB.The CatholicsC.The MethodistsD.The Presbyterians.2.Which of the following is unconstitutional in the United Stated?A.Catholics can build their own schools and hospitalsB.Non-Catholics can go to Catholic-run schools.C.Public money is provided to support religious schoolsD.Women have the right to abortion3.Which of the following is NOT regarded as one of the three basic religious beliefs?A.ProtestantB.CatholicC.Islamic 伊斯兰教D.Judaism犹太教4.Which of the following is true?A.Many Catholics are not opposed to abbortionB.Many evangelical Protestants do not object to abortion.C.Orthodox Jews are for abortionD.Liberal Protestants and Jews join non-believes inmaintaining that abortion is a basic right for women.5.Which of the following continues to have an all-made clergy?A.The Catholic ChurchB.The Protestant Episcopal ChurchC.The United Methodist Church.D.Jewish Congregations6.Which of the following features is NOT distinctively American?A.Various religious groups have coexisted in the US moreharmoniously than Europe.B.Scientific and economic advance and material prosperityhave not been accompanied by a decline in religious faith.C.There has been little concentration on doctrine orreligious argument in the USD.There has been very much concentration on doctrine orreligious argument in the US.7.In the United States, people go to church mainly for the following reasons except for __A.Finding a job in societyB.Having a place in a communityC.Identifying themselves with dominant valuesD.Getting together with friends8.Which of the following statements is NOT correct according to the author?A.American mainstream culture is based on ProtestantismB.Protestant church is an established church by law in theUSC.The Catholic Church is the largest single religious group inthe USD.The largest church is of the Protestant faith in the USUnit 8 Education in the United States1.Which of the following subjects are NOT offered to elementary school students?A.Mathematics and languagesB.Politics and business educationC.Science and social studiesD.Music and physical education2.The expenditure经费in American public school is guided or decided by ___ D. broads of education3.In the United States school systems, which of the following divisions is true? C. Elementary school, secondary school4.Which of the following is NOT mentioned in American higher education?A.Universities and collegeB.Research institutionsC.Technical institutionsD.Undergraduate institutions5.Three of the following factors have contributed to the flourishing of large universities in America, which is the exception?rge universities offer the best libraries and facilitiesfor scientific researchrge universities provide student with “mainframe”computersrge universities offer scholarships to all studentsrge universities attract students with modernlaboratories6.Nearly all students want to get into more desirable institutions because____ A. they find it easy for them to get jobs after graduated from one of them7.In order to go to university, secondary school students must meet the following requirements except that___A.They have high school records and recommendations fromtheir teachersB.They make good impressions during the interviewsC.They get good scores in the Scholastic Aptitude TestsD.They pass the college entrance examinations8.Three of the following universities have large endowments form wealthy benefactors. Which is the exception?A.Harvard UniversityB.The State University of New YorkC.Yale UniversityD.Princeton University 普林斯顿9.Both public and private universities depend on the following sources of income except___A.InvestmentB.Student tuitionC.Endowments 捐款ernment funding10.To get a bachelor’s degree, an undergraduate student is required to do the following except___A.Attending lectures and complete assignmentsB.Passing examinationsC.Taking certain subjects such as history, language andphilosophyD.Earning a certain number of credits at the end of the fouryears at college.Unit 9 Social Movements of the 1960s1.Black Americans sang the anthem of the civil rights movement, “We Shall Overcome!”affirming their commitmentto fight racial prejudice.2.The most notorious terrorist group against black civil rights workers in the South was known as __D. Ku Klux Klan3.The reason why many young people were involved in the social movement of the 1960s was that __A. they resent ed traditional white male values in US society. 愤恨4.In addition to such tactics as sit-ins, young students also added teach-in to educate people about the war in Vietnam.5.According to the author, three civil rights groups provided the leadership, the tactics,战略and the people to fight against Southern segregation. 种族隔离Which is the exception?A.The Student Nonviolent Coordinating CommitteeB.The Congress of Racial EqualityC.The Southern Christian Leadership ConferenceD.The Student for a Democratic society6.Ahistoric moment of the civil rights movement was the7.In January 1965, President Johnson declared“war on poverty”to eliminate poverty “by opening to everyone the opportunity to live in decency and dignity.”8.Unlike Martin Luther King, Malcolm X the chief spokesperson of Black Muslims advocated violence in self-defense and black pride.9.During the early stages of the civil rights movement, the major integration strategy initiated by the Congress of Racial Equality was known as freedom rides to integrate interstate buses and bus stations in the South.10.Due to his firm belief in nonviolent peaceful protest in theawarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1964.11.The one group within the counter culture best known or their pursuit of happiness as their only goal in life was called the12.In the 1960s, feminism was reborn. Many women were dissatisfied with their lives, and in 1963, with the publication of The Feminine Mystique by Betty Friedan, they found a voice.Unit 10 Social Problems in the United States1.Which of the following statement is NOT true about blacks after the 1960s?A.Blacks felt that they could be fully integrated into themainstream American life.B.Blacks felt that the black community ought to coexist withother groups.C.Blacks felt more and more proud of themselves.D.Black felt that “black is beautiful”.2.The main factor contributing to the widening income gap between blacks and whites in the 1970s was ____ B. blacks had low positions and low pay in the workplace hierarchy.3.Which of the following is not the reason for the higher arrest rates among minority groups?A.The aggressive nature of these groupB.Racial prejudice against themC.Low social status of these groupsD.Poverty and unemployment among minority groups4.Which of the following does NOT belong to the white-collar crime?A.Bribery 行贿，受贿B.Tax evasionC.False advertingD.Robbery5.Which of the following statements is NOT true?A.The Northern states had outlawed slavery by 1830B.Slavery was finally abolished in the South in 1865C.The Northern states did not have racial discriminationD.Segregation laws continued to be enforced in Southernstates until the 1950s.6.According to the text, which of the following is NOT a dysfunction caused by the drug abuse?A.There is a strong association between drug use and crime.B.Drugdependence takes a significant toll in terms ofpersonal health and safetyC.Drug abuse is a major cause of unemploymentD.There are great economic losses because of drug abuse7.If white-collar crimes were included in the Crime Indes, the profile of typical criminal in the United States would be the following except___A.OlderB.WealthierC.WhiterD.Living near city centers8.Which of the following used human beings as guinea pigs to text drug like LSD? B. The CIA.Unit11 American way of life1.when did the word stereotype come into use in English?A. Early 17th centuryB. Early 20th centuryC.Early 19th centuryD. Late19th century2. Which organization in the United States demonstrated stro ngly against any laws that might restrict gun ownership? The NRA (national Rifle Association)3. Which of the following websites are meant to cater to young tastes?Facebook4. Who was the author of the popular play The Melting Pot whi ch was associated with life in America since the late 18th cent ury?Israel Zangwill5. What was the major historical event that resulted in the sep aration of the Protestants from the Roman Catholic Church?The 16th-century Reformation6. Which of the following expressions represents the core value of the mainstream society in the USA?Life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.7. Which of the following was President Franklin D.Roosevelt‟s main concern?Social justice8. According to the author, the mosaic metaphor for American image has one fatal flaw. What is it?American is not open to change .9.The internet has several characteristics that reflect life in t he USA today. Which one is NOT?People can freely download MP3 music10. Which of the following institution is responsible for the ma king of the Internet?The US military11. Free use of the Internet in the US responds to the basic A merican values, except that _____it doesn‟t help create material wealth.12. Which of the following helps theorize the concept of Frate rnity?Karl Marx。
《英语国家社会与文化入门》(简称英美概况)美国答案
美国UNIT 3 1。
What is an American? He is either a European, or the descendant of a European，hence that strange mixture of blood，which you will find in no other country。
He is an American，who leaving behind him all his ancient prejudices and manners, receives new ones from the new mode of life he has embraced，the new government he obeys，and the new rank he holds. .。
Here individuals of all nations are melted into a new race of men，whose labors and posterity will one day cause great changes in the world。
.。
The American is a new man，who acts new principles；he must therefore entertain new ideas，and form new opinions。
4 。
In what way did Puritanism influence American culture？A. Today, Puritans are no longer in existence. But their legacies are still felt in American society and culture。
For example，the Puritans hoped to build ”a city upon hill” an ideal community. Since that time, Americans have viewed their country as a great experiment，a worthy model for other nations. This sense of mission has been very strong in the minds of many Americans。
Higher education in the United States
Higher education in the United StatesThe higher education system of the United States is not so much a formal system as it is an informal configuration of varied institutions. The development of the American system has been unique when compared with other national postsecondary educational systems around the world. Unlike most other countries, where higher education systems have largely developed outward from a central, government-supported university, the United States has never had such an institution. Instead, the evolution of the U.S. system has been shaped by many different influences, including state and local needs, demographics, religion, and changing social contexts. As a result, postsecondary institutions in the United States mirror the multifaceted complexities of the broader society in which they are embedded and the diversity of the people they serve. Moreover, American higher education is quite disorderly in structure and function in contrast to many national postsecondary systems and even in sharp contrast to the rationally organized American compulsory primary and secondary education system. Postsecondary institutions and the students they serve are diverse and not easily categorized. This disorder is characterized by a variety of individual institutional goals and missions, types of degrees offered, finance and governance structures, and even curricula, course contents, and instructional methodologies.The American university system is largely decentralized. Public universities are administered solely by the individual states.American universities developed independent accreditation organizations to vouch for the quality of the degrees they offer. The accreditation agencies rate universities and colleges on criteria such as academic quality—the quality of their libraries, the publishing records of their faculty, and the degrees which their faculty hold. Nonaccredited institutions are perceived as lacking in quality and rigor, and may be termed diploma mills.Online and Distance EducationOnline education and distance education enable institutions of higher education to reach a wider audience by expanding access to students in remote geographic locations and providing greater flexibility for students who have time constraints. Online education is a relatively new phenomenon and online enrollment has grown substantially over the past 5 years. Institutions believe that higher fuel costs and rising unemployment will drive increased demand for online courses in coming years .About two-thirds of 2-year and 4-year colleges and universities offer distance education courses.Distance education is prevalent in public 2-year colleges and public 4-year colleges and universities .A little more than half of private not-for-profit 4-year institutions offered online courses. Public 2-year colleges account for most of the enrollment , followed by public 4-year colleges.Private not-for-profit and private for-profit 4-year institutions both accounted for a little more than 1.8 million enrollments in 2006–07. Most of the 3.9 million students who took at least one online course in fall 2007 were undergraduates .Colleges and universities' most prevalent reasons for offering online courses aremeeting students' need for flexible schedules ; offering courses to those who would not have access because of geographic, family, or work-related reasons ; making more courses available ; and seeking to increase student enrollment. A smaller percentage of institutions offering programs in engineering than those offering programs in other major disciplines offered fully online programs in 2007 .Cost of higher educationAffordability and access to U.S. higher education institutions are perennial concerns.In the 2008–2009 academic year, average tuition and fees at 4-year colleges rose at a rate greater than inflation. Compared with the previous academic year, average tuition and fees rose 6.4% for in-state students at public 4-year colleges, 5.9% for students in private 4-year colleges, and 4.7% for students at public 2-year colleges, while the Consumer Price Index increased by 5.6% between July 2007 and July 2008Another inflation index, the Higher Education Price Index, which measures the average relative level in the price of a fixed-market basket of goods and services purchased by colleges and universities each year, rose 3.6% in that year . For students at public 4-year colleges, tuition and fee increases over the past decade have been larger than in previous decades and the net price (that is, the published price minus grant aid and tax benefits) has risen since 2003–2004.In the coming years, greater tuition increases may occur in response to state reductions in higher education funding as a result of the financial downturn that began in 2008.Community collegesCommunity colleges (also known as 2-year colleges or associate's colleges) are important in preparing students to enter the workforce with certificates or associate's degrees and in preparing students to transition to 4-year colleges or universities . Thus, they provide the education needed for S&E or S&E-related occupations that require less than a bachelor's degree, and they provide the first 2 years of many students' education before they transfer to an S&E program at a 4-year college or university. Community colleges serve diverse groups of students and offer a more affordable means of participating in postsecondary education. Compared with 4-year colleges, community colleges enroll greater concentrations of low-income, first-generation, minority, immigrant, part-time, older, and academically underprepared students. The more than 1,000 U.S. community colleges enrolled more than 6 million students, or about a third of all postsecondary students in the 2006–2007 academic year, more than half of whom were enrolled part time .Community colleges also act as a bridge between high school and college. Dual enrollment programs, which enable high school students to take courses that can earn them college credit, are one way to make this link. In 2002–2003, 71% of U.S. public high schools offered dual credit courses, and 57% of U.S. postsecondary institutions had high school students taking courses for college credit .Admission processStudents can apply to some colleges using the Common Application. There is nolimit to the number of colleges or universities to which a student may apply, though an application must be submitted for each. With a few exceptions, most undergraduate colleges and universities maintain the policy that students are to be admitted to (or rejected from) the entire college, not to a particular department or major. (This is unlike college admissions in many European countries, as well as graduate admissions.) Some students, rather than being rejected, are "wait-listed" for a particular college and may be admitted if another student who was admitted decides not to attend the college or university. The five major parts of admission are ACT/SA T scores, GPA, College Application, Essay, and Letters of Recommendation.[20] Not all colleges require essays or letters of recommendation, though they are often proven to increase chances of acceptance.Advantages of the U.S. systemThe lack of systemwide structure creates a somewhat incoherent system of higher education in the United States where widespread coordination is virtually impossible, there are many advantages to this noncentralized approach to a national higher education system. The large degree of institutional diversity that has arisen from the decentralized nature of American higher education has generated benefits on three levels: institutional, societal, and systemic. At the institutional level, arguments center on serving students' needs. Diversity in this sense would include variety of student body, institutional size, programs offered, and academic standards. From a systems theory perspective, higher education is viewed as an "open system", characterized by diverse inputs and outputs. For example, if colleges and universities in the United States admit students with high levels of racial diversity , then the impact on society will be very different from what it would be if the U.S. college student population were more homogeneous. Additionally, diversity in higher education important .Such systems are able to sense and respond to environmental pressures more quickly and effectively simply because they encompass such extensive variety. In sum, the diverse system of postsecondary institutions in America reflects the diverse composition and needs of the society it serves.。
英语国家概况冲刺模拟二
I. Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For each unfinished statement or question, four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D are given. Choose the one that you think best completes the statement or answer to the question. Write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space on the answer sheet. (50 points, I point for each)1.The average rainfall in Britain is over _B__ mm.A. 7000B. 1000C. 500D.8002.The British Isles are made up of _A_A. two large islands and hundreds of small onesB. two large islands and Northern IrelandC. three large islands and hundreds of small onesD. three large islands and Northern Ireland3.The word Heptarchy is used to describe the situation in England in the 6th century when _B_A. the country was divided into severn kingdomsB. the country was was fighting against invadersC.troops of invaders arrived in large numbersD.many warlords were fighting each other4.The feudal system was completely estabished under _A__ after the ____ in 1066.A.William, Norman ConquestB.Alfred the Great , Anglo-Saxon ConquestC.the Dane, arrival of the DaneD.the Celts, arrival of Pane5.Alfred the Great was the King of_B/C__A. SussexB.EssexC.EssexD.Mercia6.The _D_ established kingdom in Essex, Sussex and Wessex.A. NormansB.JutesC.VikingsD.Saxons7.Magna Carta has long been regarded as the foundation of English B___A.legal systemB.libertiesC.political systemD.culture and value8.In Britain, the First Civil War was fought between the Roundheads who were the parliamentary soldiers led by __B_, and the Cavaliers who were King Charles's supporters.A.John LilburneB.Oliver CromwellC.Prince RupertD.William Joyee9.The religious reform in England in the 16th century was to _A__ and to make ___Church of England.A.cut connections with the Pope, an independentB. establish connection with the Pope, a CatholicC.establish new relations with the Pope, a RoyalD.alter theology in every way, revolutionary10.Simon de Montfort asked each country to send __B_ and each town to send __ to the Great Council.A. two representatives, two knightsB.two knights, two representativesC.two lords, two bishopsD.two barons, two merchants11.Britain joined the European Economic Community in _D_A. 1957B.1960C.1985D.197312.The English Renaissance was largly _D__A.religiousB.ideologicalC.philosophicalD.Literary13.The Hundred Year's War with France was fought _BA.from 1327 to 1453B. from 1337 to 1453C.from 1347 to 1453D.from 1357 to 145314.The Treaty of Nanjing gave _C__ to Britain in 1842.A. NanjingB.ZhejiangC.HongKongD.Guangzhou15.Queen Elizabeth's religious reform was based on B___ views.A.radicalB. a compromise ofC.popularD.traditional16.In the Untied Kingdom, the party which wins the _B__ number of seats in the House of Commons becomes the official Opposition.rgestB.second largestC.third largestD.fourth largest17.The British media have many important functions. Which of the following is an exception？BA.They supply people with news,keeping them informed about what is happending in the world.B.They make huge profit by publishing advertisementsC.They promote culture and educationD.They provide entertainment.18.In Britain, the First Civil War was fought between the Roundheads who were the parliamentary soldiers led by _B__ , and the Cavaliers who were King Charles's supporters.A. John LilburneB.Oliver CromwellC.Prince RupertD.William Joyce19.In Britain, children from the age of 5 to 16 can _A__ by law.A. receive completely free educationB. receive parly free educationC . receive no free education if their families are richD. receive no free education at all20.One of the characteristics of the American people is__B_A. silenceB.mobilityC.discriminationD.selfishness21.The "first Americans" were the _C_A. white immigrantsnsC.IndiansD.English colonists22.In September 1774, __B__was held in Philadelphia, which encouraged Americans to refuse to buy British goods.A. the First US CongressB.the First Contiental CongressC.the Second Continental CongressD.the Constitution Convention23.By the year of 2050, American population is expected to climb to _D__A.256 millionB. 275 millionC. 300 millionD.383 million24.The United States is by far the __A_ indutrial country in the world.A. biggestB.second biggestC.third biggestD.fourth biggest25.The United States joined in the Second World War after the _D__ incident in __.A. Lugouchiao, 1937B.German invasion, 1939C.Nazi, 1942D.Pearl Harbour,194126.The __B_ refers to the higher birth rate in American between 1946 and 1961.A.population growthB.baby boomC.Beat GenerationD.population explosion27.In America, the New Right did not opposed D___A.abortionB.affirmative actionC.tax risingcation28.In 1972, President B___visited China and the two countries issued the ___A. Nixon, Shanghai StatementB.Nixon, Shanghai CommuniqueC.Carter, Shanghai CommuniqueD.Reagan, Shanghai Declaration29.After World War II, the official policy of the United States towards the Soviet Union was _D_A. peaceful coexistenceB.peaceful competitionC. fight and struggleD.the containment policy30.In the early 1930s, the Ameican foreign policy was _D_A. expansionistB.involvementC.appeasementD.isolationist31.The Puritans believed that high position and achievements were signs of __A_ From God.A. eternal graceB. original sinC.people's final goalD.a happy soul32.The first ten amendments to the U.S. Constitution are known as the _D__A.First TenB.Great AmendmentsC.Ten ChangesD.Bill of Rights33.Before the American Civil War, public feeling agaisnt slavery was increased by Harriet Stowe's novel__BA.RootsB.Uncle Tom's CabinC.American TragedyD.Shame of America34.The largest producer of steel in the United States in the early years of the 20th century was _C__A. Ford CorporationB.the Steel MillC.the United States Steel CorporationD.the West Union Corporation35.Only __D_ has the power to interpret the U. S. Constitution.A．CongressB．The SenateC．The House of RepresentativesD．The Supreme Court36.The lowest level of the U.S.federal judiciary is made up of _B_now.A. 50 state courtsB.91 district courtsC.89 district courtsD.11 circuit courts37.There have been _A_ periods in the development of American political parties in the United States.A.fourB.threeC.fiveD.two38.The biggest and best-loved holiday in the United States is __DA. New Year's DayB.Independence DayC.Thanksgiving DayD.Christmas Day39.___D is considered as Earnest Hemingway's masterpiece.A. The Sun Also RisesB. A Farewell to ArmaC.For Whom the Bell TollsD.Old Man and the Sea40.Public education in the United States covers _D__ years.A. sixB.sixteenC.tenD.twelve41.The population of Ireland in 1990 was estimated at _A__ million, and was expected to reach ___ million by 2000.A. 3,4B.5,6C. 7,8D.9,1042.In _B_ the Parliament Act was passed, severely limiting the powers of the lords and establishing the Commons as the supreme legislative body.A. 1910B. 1911C. 1912D.191343.Nearly _C_ of the land in Canada has no permanent population.A. 68%B.79%C.89%D.98%44.The law which granted the people of Quebec rights as French Canadians was known as _B_A. the Canada Act of 1791B. the Quebec Act of 1774C. the 1763 Treaty of ParisD.the Hudson Bay Treaty45.The bare, thinly -populated region of Northern Canada takes up C___ of the country.A. halfB.one thirdC.four fifthsD.25%46.In Australia _B_ has the country's richest farmland and best graing land.A.the Great Western PlateauB.the Central Eastern LowlandsC.the Eastern HighlandsD.the Outback47.New South Wales is __A of Australia.A. the oldest stateB.the second largest cityC.the capitalD.the biggest territory48.New Zealand is __A_ and its capital is ___A. in the Southern Pacific Ocean, WellingtonB.in the Indian Ocean, WellingtonC.in the Atlantic Ocean, AucklandD.in the southern Pacific Ocean, Auckland49.A fault line runs the length of New Zealand, which means that it often has_C__A. floodsB.volcanic eruptionsC.earthquakesD.droughts50.New Zealand was the world's first country to _B__in 1893.A. establish trade unionsB.give women the voteC. start compulsory educationD.provide free medical serviceII. Give a one-sentence answer to each of the following question. Write your answer in the corresponding space on the answer sheet (30 points, 3 points for each)51.What did Henry VIII do in his religious reform?He got rid of the English Church's connection with the Pope. He made an independent Church of England. He dissolved all of England's monasteries and numeries. He made himself Supreme Head of the church of England.52.What is the big event that happened in England in 1066?In 1066, England was conquered by the Norman who were led by William.53.What is the difference between an academic high school and a technical high school? An academic high school only aims at preparing students for college while a technical school provides students for a varity of occupations and vocation.54.What agreement did Amercia and Britain sign in 1783 by which Britain recognized the Independence of the United States?Treaty of Paris55.What is the most typical American holiday that was started by the Pilgrims? Thanksgiving Day56.What are America's three cornerstones of the postwar economic boom from 1945 to 1960?Automobile, housing , and defence industries57.What are the two layers of rule in the U.S.system of government？Federal , state58.What are the official languages in Ireland?There are two official languages in Ireland, They are English and Irish.59.How many provinces and territories in Canada made up of?It is made up of ten provinces and two territories.60.Why in New Zealand considered to be the first country to get the new day?Because it lies just west of the International Date Line and it has one time zone.Ш Explain each of the following terms in English. Write yore- answer in the corresponding space on the answer sheet in around 40 words. (20 points, 5 points for each)61.Bloody MaryDuring Queen Mary's reign, at least 300 Protestants were burnt as heretics. People call her "Bloody Mary".62.Checks and BalancesIt is a system used by the U.S. Constitution . According to the checks and balances system powers are diveded among government branches and these branches check each other.63.The three waves fo immigration to AmericaThe first big wave of immigration to Amerian was between 1810-1854, the second between 1860-1890, and the third between 1890-1914.64.Black Thursday of 1929Black Thursday refered to October 24, 1929, the day when the stock market in the United States collapsed. Tens of millions of shares were dumped on the market and billions of dollars of paper profit were wipe out within a few hours.。
美国教育的三级管理制度的英文作文
美国教育的三级管理制度英语作文1The three-level management system of education in the United States plays a crucial role in shaping the educational landscape of the country. At the federal level, the government is mainly responsible for formulating macro educational policies and providing financial support. For instance, it allocates funds to promote educational equity and improve the overall quality of education across the nation. This helps ensure that every student has access to a basic level of quality education, regardless of their geographical location or economic background.The state government, on the other hand, takes charge of supervising curriculum standards and teacher qualification certification. They establish the framework and requirements for the content that students should learn at each grade level, as well as the qualifications and training that teachers need to possess. This ensures a certain level of consistency and quality in education within the state.The local school districts are responsible for the day-to-day operations and teaching activities of schools. They make decisions regarding the hiring of teachers, the allocation of resources within schools, and the organization of extracurricular activities. They also have the flexibility to adapt educational programs to the specific needs and characteristics of thelocal community.In conclusion, the three-level management system of education in the United States works in tandem to provide a diverse and quality educational experience for students, while also maintaining a balance between centralized control and local autonomy.2The three-level management system of education in the United States plays a crucial role in shaping the country's educational landscape. At the federal level, there is a comprehensive and strategic planning that ensures the fairness of education. For instance, the allocation of resources and the establishment of certain educational standards across the nation help to bridge the gap between different regions and provide equal opportunities for students regardless of their geographical locations.The state governments, on the other hand, have the flexibility to adjust educational policies and curricula according to local needs and characteristics. This adaptability allows for a better response to the specific requirements and cultural backgrounds of each state. Take California for example, where the focus on technology and innovation in education aligns with the state's economic and technological development.At the local school district level, direct management brings a high degree of specificity and customization. Educators can closely monitor students' progress and needs, and implement targeted teaching methods andsupport measures. This hands-on approach helps to address individual differences and ensures that each student receives the most appropriate education.In conclusion, the combination of these three levels of management creates a dynamic and effective educational system in the United States, fostering a diverse and high-quality learning environment for students.3The education system in the United States is characterized by a three-level management system, which distinguishes it from the educational management models of many other countries. For instance, when compared to the United Kingdom, the United States has a more decentralized approach. In the UK, there is a stronger central control over the curriculum and educational standards. However, in the US, states have significant autonomy in determining educational policies and curricula.France, on the other hand, has a more centralized system where the national government plays a dominant role in shaping educational practices. In contrast, the US's three-level management system allows for greater local input and flexibility. Local school districts in the US can tailor educational programs to meet the specific needs of their communities.This decentralized structure in the US enables a diversity of educational offerings and approaches. It allows for innovation and experimentation at the local level, which can lead to the development ofunique and effective educational methods. However, it also poses challenges such as ensuring consistency and quality across different regions.In conclusion, the three-level management system of education in the United States offers both opportunities and challenges, and its uniqueness lies in the balance between central guidance and local autonomy, setting it apart from the educational management models of countries like the United Kingdom and France.4The United States has a distinctive three-level management system in education, which plays a crucial role in enhancing the quality of education. At the federal level, it provides overall guidance and sets certain standards and policies. For instance, it allocates funds for educational projects and promotes educational equity across the country.The state level holds significant power and responsibility. States formulate their own educational policies and curricula based on local needs and circumstances. They also organize teacher training programs to improve teaching skills and knowledge. For example, some states have implemented innovative curriculum reforms to better meet the demands of the modern society, focusing on areas such as science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM).At the local level, school districts have the autonomy to manageschools and make decisions on specific educational matters. They distribute educational resources, such as textbooks and equipment, to ensure that each school has the necessary tools for effective teaching and learning. They also collaborate closely with schools to monitor student performance and provide necessary support.The synergy and cooperation among these three levels are essential. They work together to drive educational progress, ensuring that students receive a high-quality education that prepares them for the future. The continuous communication and coordination between the federal, state, and local authorities enable the education system to adapt to changing social needs and technological advancements. Through this three-level management system, the United States strives to provide an education that is both comprehensive and individualized, fostering the growth and development of each student.5The three-level management system of education in the United States has been a crucial aspect shaping the country's educational landscape. Looking into the future, this system is likely to encounter both exciting opportunities and formidable challenges.With the rapid advancement of technology, online learning and virtual classrooms have become increasingly prevalent. This poses a significant challenge to the traditional three-level management framework, as itrequires rethinking and adjusting the distribution of resources and responsibilities among the federal, state, and local levels. For instance, ensuring that all students have access to high-quality digital educational materials and reliable internet connections demands coordinated efforts from all three tiers.Social changes also bring new educational demands. The increasing diversity in society means that educational programs need to be more inclusive and culturally sensitive. The three-level system must adapt to address these changing demographics and provide equitable educational opportunities for all.Moreover, the workforce requirements of the future are evolving rapidly. To prepare students for jobs that do not even exist yet, the educational system needs to focus on fostering creativity, critical thinking, and problem-solving skills. This requires a collaborative approach between the different levels of management to update curricula and teaching methods.In conclusion, the future of the three-level management system of education in the United States lies in its ability to embrace technological innovations, adapt to social changes, and respond effectively to the ever-changing needs of students and society. Only through continuous adaptation and improvement can it ensure that the country's education remains at the forefront and equips students with the skills they need tothrive in a dynamic world.。
Education_in_the_United_StatesPPT教学课件
U.S.A. on 14-25 June 1993.[2]
2020/12/10
6
What is a world citizen?
--Originally proposed by Bahai Faith
"World citizenship begins with an acceptance of the oneness of the human family and the interconnectedness of the nations of 'the earth, our home.' While it encourages a sane and legitimate patriotism, it also insists upon a wider loyalty, a love of humanity as a whole.
2020/orld citizen?
--Originally proposed by Bahai Faith
The Bahá'íFaith promotes the concept through its founder's proclamation (in the late 1800s) that "The Earth is but one country, and mankind its citizens."[1]
As a term defined by the Bahá'íInternational
Community in a concept paper shared at the
1st session of the United Nations Commission
Education in the United States
Not everyone accepted publicly funded and controlled schools as the only way to provide education. The most significant opposition came from members of the Roman Catholic Church, who believed that the moral values taught in public schools were biased toward Protestantism. Arguing that proper education could not separate intellectual development from moral development, Catholics created their own separate school system. In 1925 the Supreme Court of the United States ruled in Pierce v. Society of Sisters that states could not compel children to attend public schools, and that children could attend private schools instead. In 1994, 11 percent of American students in elementary and secondary schools attended private institutions. Most of these attended Catholic schools.
Unit-8-Education-in-the-United-States
and public taxation for schools
In 1636, Harvard College was founded for the training of religious ministers.
They introduced two practices that still influence
American youth: compulsory education for all children
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The term Ivy League also has connotations of academic excellence, selectivity in admissions, and social elitism. Ivy League schools are often viewed by the public as some of the most prestigious universities worldwide.
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The goal of education in the United States is:
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to achieve universal literacy and to provide individuals with the knowledge and skills necessary to promote both their own individual welfare as well as that of the general public.
英美国家概况课后选择
英美国家概况课后选择Chapter 11.The two main islands of the British Isles are __A__.A. Great Britain and IrelandB. Great Britain and ScotlandC. Great Britain and WalesD. Great Britain and England2. __B__ is the capital city of Scotland.A. BelfastB. EdinburghC. AberdeenD. Cardiff3. According to a 2005 estimate, Britain now has a population of over __C__ million.A. 160B. 600C. 60D. 164. Among the four parts of the United Kingdom, __D__ is the smallest.A. EnglandB. ScotlandC. WalesD. Northern Ireland5. Almost a quarter of the British population lives in __B__ England.A. northeasternB. southeasternC. northwesternD. southwestern6.The introduction of Christianity to Britain added the first element of _D__words to English.A. Danish and FinnishB. Dutch and GermanC. French and ItalianD. Latin and Greek7. Samuel Johnson's dictionary was influential in establishinga standard form of _C__.A. grammarB. handwritingC. spellingD. pronunciation8. At present, nearly __B__ of the world's population communicate in English.A. halfB. a quarterC. one thirdD. one fifthChapter 21.The ___D_ attack on Rome ended the Roman occupation in Britain in 410.A. NormanB. DanishC. CelticD. Germanic2. By the late 7th century, __D__ became the dominant religion in England.A. Celtic ChristianityB. Anglo-Saxon ChristianityC. Germanic ChristianityD. Roman Christianity3. Westminster Abbey was built at the time of __B__ .A. St. AugustineB. Edward the ConfessorC. William the ConquerorD. Alfred the Great4. The __C__ marked the establishment of feudalism in England.A. Viking invasionB. signing of the Margna CartaC. Norman ConquestD. Adoption of common law5. The end of the Wars of the Roses led to the rule of __C__.A. the House of ValoisB. the House of YorkC. the House of TudorD. the House of Lancaster6.The direct cause for the Religious Reformation was King Henry VIII'seffort to __A__ .A. divorce his wifeB. break with RomeC. support the ProtestantsD. declare his supreme power over the church7. The English Civil War broke out in 1642 between __B__.A. Protestants and PuritansB. Royalists and ParliamentariansC. nobles and peasantsD. aristocrats and Christians8. __A__ was passed after the Glorious Revolution.A. Bill of RightsB. Act of SupremacyC. Provisions of OxfordD. Margna Carta9. The Industrial Revolution was accomplished in Britain by the middle of the __C__century.A. 17thB. 18thC. 19thD. 20th10. Britain faced strong challenges in its global imperial dominance by the beginning of the __D__ century.A. 17thB. 18thC. 19thD. 20th Chapter 31.The British government is characterized by a division of powers between three of the following branches with the exception of the __C__.A. judiciaryB. legislatureC. monarchyD. executive2. As a revising chamber, the House of Lords is expected to __B__ the House of Commons.A. rivalB. complementC. criticizeD. inspect3. The main duty of the British Privy Council is to __B__.A. make decisionsB. give adviceC. pass billsD. supervise the Cabinet4. In Britain, the parliamentary general election is held every __C__ years.A. threeB. fourC. fiveD. six5. Generally speaking, the British Parliament operates on a __B__ system.A. single-partyB. two-partyC. three-partyD. multi-party6.The policies of the Conservative Party are characterized by pragmatism and __D__ .A. government interventionB. nationalization of enterprisesC. social reformD. a belief in individualism7. British government works on the principle of __A__ .A. collective responsibilityB. individual responsibilityC. defending the collectivismD. defending the individuals9. __C__ has a distinct legal system based on Roman law.A. WalesB. EnglandC. ScotlandD. Northern IrelandChapter 51. About __B__ of British children receive primary and secondary education through the independent system.A. 5%B. 6%C. 7%D. 8&2. Partially funded by central government grants, the British universities receive their remaining funds from all the following sources except __B__ .A. tuition feesB. loansC. donationsD. corporate contributions3. Of the following, _A___ is NOT a basis of admission to Britain's universities.A. result in national entrance testB. A-level resultC. an interviewD. school references4. Among Britain's quality press, the following newspapers are regarded as the "Big Three" with the exception of __C__.A. The TimesB. The GuardianC. The ObserverD. The Daily Telegraph5. Life on Earth is a kind of __C__ program produced by the BBC and ispopular among 500 million viewers worldwide.A. featureB. dramaC. documentaryD. soap opera6. __D__ is Britain's top pay television provider.A. BSBB. SkyTVC. BBCD. BSkyB7. Of the following, __D__ is NOT a common feature of all the British holidays.A. families getting togetherB. friends exchanging good wishesC. friends enjoying each other's companyD. families traveling overseas8. The following Christmas traditions are paticularly British except __A__.A. Trooping the ColorB. Queen's Christmas messageC. Boxing DayD. Christmas pantomimeChapter 61.The most significant achievement of the English Renaissance is __B__.A. poetryB. dramaC. novelD. prose2. __C__ is viewed as Romantic poetry's "Declaration of Independence".A. "I Wondered Lonely as a Cloud"B. "Don Juan"C. "Preface to Lyrical Ballads"D. "Prometheus Unbound"3. Of Dickens' novels, __B__ is considered autobiographical.A. A Tale of Two CitiesB. David CopperfieldC. Oliver TwistD. Great Expectations4. __B__ is a representative of English Critical Realism at the turn of the 19th century.A. Robert Louis StevensonB. John MiltonC. Joseph ConradD. Thomas Hardy5. __A__ is NOT included in the modernist group.A. Oscar WildB. Virginia WoolfC. William Butler YeatsD. T. S. Eliot6. Of the following books, __C__ was NOT written by Thomas Hardy.A. Jude the ObscureB. Tess of the D'UrbervillesC. Adam BedeD. The Return of the Native7. Of the following statements, __D__ is NOT corret about Virginia Woolf.A. She was a central figure of the "Bloomsbury Group".B. She experimented with stream of consciousness.C. She was an influential feminist.D. Her masterpiece was The Rainbow.Chapter 81. The United States has __C_ states on the continent.A. 50B. 49C. 48D.352. The state of __A_ is the largest in area of all the states.A. AlaskaB. HawaiiC. TexasD. Florida3. The U.S. lies in _B__ North America, with Canada tothe north, Mexico to the south, the Atlantic to its ___ and the Pacific to its ___ .A. northern, east, westB. central, east, westC. southern, west, eastD. western, east, west4. The largest river in the U.S. is __B_ .A. the Missouri RiverB. the Mississippi RiverC. the Ohio RiverD. the Colorado River5. Some of the world famous universities like Harvard, YaleandMIT are located __C_A. in the SouthB. along the Pacific CoastC. in New EnglandD. in the Midwest6. _C__ is located on the U.S.-Canadian border between Lake Erieand Lake Ontario.A. Yellowstone National ParkB. The Grand CanyonC. Niagara FallsD. The Great Salt Lake7. The native Alaskan population includes the following except the __D_ .A. IndiansB. EskimosC. AleutsD. Blacks8. The largest minority in the United States is the __B_ .A. Pacific IslandersB. BlacksC. Native AmericansD. Asians9. The characteristic of dominant American culture is _D__ .A. English-speaking, northern European, Roman Catholic and middle-classB. English-speaking, western European, Roman Catholic and upper-classC. English-speaking, northern European, Protestant andupper-classD. English-speaking, western European, Protestant and middle-classChapter 101. The U.S. Constitution came into effect in __B___.A. 1787B. 1789C. 1791D. 17932. The Constitution of the United States __C__ .A. gives the most power to CongressB. gives the most power to the PresidentC. tries to give each branch enough power to balance the othersD. gives the most power to the Supreme Court3. The Bill of Rights ___B___.A. defines the rights of Congress and the rights of the PresidentB. guarantees citizens of the United States specific individual rights and freedomC. is part of the Declaration of IndependenceD. has no relationship with the Constitution4. All the following except __C__ cannot make legislative proposal.A. the SenatorB. the RepresentativeC. the Secretary of StateD. the President5. The following except __C__ are all powers of the President.A. vetoing any bills passed by CongressB. appointing federal judges when vacancies occurC. making lawsD. issuing executive orders6. The terms for a Senator and Representative are __D__ and ____ years respectively.A. two, fourB. two, threeC. two, sixD. six, two7. The Supreme Court is composed of __D__ justices.A. sixB. sevenC. eightD. nine8. The President is directed voted into office by ___C_.A. all citizens of AmericaB. the citizens over 18 years oldC. electors elected by the votersD. the senators and representativesChapter 121. Formal education in the United States consists of ___C__, secondary and higher education.A. kindergardenB. publicC. elementaryD. private2. Of the following subjects, __B__ are NOT offered to elementary schollo students.A. mathematics and languagesB. politics and business educationC. science and social studiesD. music and physical education3. Higher education in the United States bagan with the founding of _B___.A. Yale UniveristyB. Harvard UniveristyC. Princeton UniversityD. New York Univeristy4. Of the following, __B__ are NOT among the categories of American higher education.A. universities and collegesB. research institutionsC. technical institutionsD. community colleges5. __B__ is sold especially to the upper or upper-middle class and it has a reputation for its serious attitude and great bulk.A. Los Angeles TimesB. The Washington PostC. The New York TimesD. New York Daily News6. To get a bachelor's degree, all undergraduate students are required to do the following except __C__.A. attending lectures and completing assignmentsB. passing examinationsC. work for communitiesD. earning a certain number of credits7. The National Day of the United States falls on __B__.A. June 4thB. July 4thC. June 14thD. July 14th。
英语国家社会与文化入门(下册)(简称国概)美国重要单元之一UNIT7——EDUCATION IN THE UNITED STATES
Going to School in America Today每年秋季近50万青少年通过美国约10万小学和中学新学年开始学校的门口走。
从幼儿园教室灌装到12年级，他们参加为5小时，平均每天班，每周5天，直到第二年夏天开始。
这些学生中的一部分的教育历史上最雄心勃勃的承诺之一：美国的教育工作，整个国家人口。
我们的目标是和自共和国的最初几十年中一直对实现普遍扫盲，并提供必要的知识和技能，以便促进他们自己的个人福利以及个人的广大市民。
尽管这个目标尚未完全实现，但它仍然是对美国的教育系统是针对理想。
在已取得的进展，显见其范围和已在对实现这一目标过程中形成的教育方法。
约85％的美国学生参加公立学校（学校由美国纳税人的支持）。
另外15％参加私人学校，他们的家庭选择要特别出勤费。
5的美国私立学校都是由4个教堂，犹太教堂或其他宗教团体。
在这样的学校，宗教教义的课程，其中还包括阅读，数学，历史，地理和科学传统的学术课程。
（宗教教育的一部分，是在公立学校不给。
）两种教育系统，合并后的公共和私人开支，超过一千九万点零万美元一年。
从这个角度看，美国的教育是一个功能强大的消费。
谁决定如何数百万美元的这些人中许多应该用于教师工资，新的计算机或额外的书籍，每年？私立学校符合国家标准的使用费，他们收集他们认为最好的。
但是，在涉及公共税收，支出遵循教育委员会学校（决策者在国家）和/或地区的水平。
同样的事情也是如此对学校课程，教师标准和认证的决定，以及全面衡量学生的进步。
Education—A Local Matter从夏威夷到特拉华州，从阿拉斯加到路易斯安那州，在美国50个州都有其自己的法律规范的教育。
从国家与国家，有些法律是相似，有些则没有。
例如：所有的州都要求青年人上学。
（不同的年龄限制：32个州要求参加到16岁，8至18岁;等）因此，在美国每一个儿童都享有高达13年的教育。
这是真的，不论孩子的种族，宗教，性别，学习问题，肢体伤残或不能讲英语。
6b Higher Education in the United States
Unit 6 Text BHigher Education in the United StatesIn the United States a student who has finished high school may want to continue in higher education. There are several ways to continue in higher education in the United States. There are universities, colleges, community colleges, and technical or vocational schools. Each of these kinds of higher education will be described below.A university is much larger than a college. It is larger for two reasons. First, a university in the United States usually has several different colleges in it. Each college within a university has a special subject area. There may be a college of liberal arts where humanities, social science, natural science, and mathematics are taught. There may be a college of education where students learn to be teachers. There may be a college of business where business subjects are taught. All of these colleges may be part of one university. Sometimes, in a university, each college is called a “school”: “The School of Liberal Arts”, “The school of Business” or “The School of Education”. Second, a university always has programs for advanced or graduate study in a variety of subjects. There may be a medical school, a law school, and other advanced programs.Students in the United States must have a high school diploma or its equivalent, to enter one of the colleges in a university. Most students have completed regular high school programs. Some older students may have the same amount of education even though they have not completed high school. These students have the equivalent of a high school degree. University students may study for an undergraduate degree in the arts of sciences. If they complete a course of study in the arts, they receive Bachelor of Arts degrees. In the sciences, they receive B.S. degree. Students may leave university at this, or they may choose to go on for a graduate or professional degree.A university may get money for its expenses from several different sources. It may get some money from the state government. If so, it is a publicly funded university. It may get money only from private sources: contributions, tuition (fee for teaching), investments, and other sources. If this is the case, it is a privately funded university. Finally, a university may be funded by a religious group.A university program for undergraduates usually takes four years. In this way, a university and a college are alike. College students usually spend four years in school also. A college, however, usually has only one or two kinds of programs. A college does not have graduate or professional programs in a variety of areas.A college is also like a university in the kinds of students it has. College students, like university students, usually have a high school diploma when they enter college. If a college student completes a course of study in the arts, he or she receives a Bachelor of Arts degree. In the sciences, the students receive a Bachelor of Science degree. If college students want to continue for a graduate or professional degree, they must go to a university.The college is usually funded in one of the three ways. It may be publicly or privately funded. Or, it may be funded by a religious group.Compared to universities and colleges, community colleges in the United States are quite different. The programs of study in the community college usually last only two years. Many different subjects are taught in the community college. But not all subjects. Not all of the subjects are taught in the community college. Not all of the subjects are the usual school subjects. The community college may give courses in dental (of the teeth) technology, auto mechanics, sewing,and many other nonacademic subjects. The community college may also have courses in the regular academic subjects like science, math, languages, literature, and other courses in the humanities.Many different types of students study at community colleges. Not all students have a high school diploma. Many students are adults with children, and sometimes with grandchildren, of their own. The community college serves the community, and anyone who lives nearby may go. When community college students complete a two-year program, they receive an associate of arts or associate of science degree. They may then go to a college or university for two more years to get the bachelor’s degree. However, the student may get a job instead, or just stop going to school.Community colleges are nearly always publicly funded, by the state, country, or city government. They are not usually funded by religious groups.The community college gives training for a variety of jobs, and also has an academic program. The technical or vocational school, however, has only job training. Its programs may last a short time or a long time. Some programs take six months, while other programs may take two years or more to complete.Students in the technical or vocational school may have a high school diploma. Many, however, do not have the diploma. Many people go to a technical or vocational school instead of going to high school. When they complete their training, they may be able to get a good job right away. The technical or vocational school provides training for work in areas such as electronics, carpentry, plumbing, and other.The technical or vocational school may be funded in any of the ways already described. It may be publicly or privately funded, or it may be funded by a religious group. Other sources of money for this kind of school are trade unions or charity organizations.Students who have finished high school and even some who do not go to high school may choose from these four kinds of higher education in the United States. High school students who want further academic or professional training may go to a college or university. Students who want both academic and nonacademic training may go to the community college. Students who want to get job may go to a technical or vocational school. Students may choose the kind of higher education that they like best.。
Education-in-The-United-States
Education for All
• the servicemen's Readjustment Act • Affirmative Action Programs • Success • The number of the African-American
• the "inquiry" method of learning • the importance of goingto university
Higher Education
• strong demand for higher education: a) their high school records b) recommendations from their high school teachers c) the impression they make during interviews at the university d) their scores on the Scholastic Aptitude Tests
5) In less than 20 years, the two practices: compulsory education for all children and public taxation for school.
• Education in the USA was to remain in the hands of state and local government.
unit8_education_in_the_united_states
A Class in 1899
Other British colonies
• Pennsylvania: Different religious groups, decisions left to religious leaders • Southern States e.g. Virginia: The rich hired private tutors, sons of rich landowners sent to England • Some landowners allowed tutor to teach reading to poor white children • Very few slave children might be taught to read but usually not allowed • Apprentices worked while learning to read and do a craft
Post Independence
• New United States • Struggle of state versus Central govt.: 10th amendment, “powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution… reserved to States…” • State had reserved power to provide for the education of its people • By end of 18th century, elementary education was in local hands • One-room schools, one teacher teaching what the community wanted
education-in-the-united-statesPPT课件
Going to School Today
What does "K-12" education mean?
Primary education and secondary education together referred to as "K-12“ education in the United States.
4. In public schools in the US, funding mainly comes from (a) tax payers (b) private foundations (c) private donations (d) tuition from student
5. Which one of the following is the oldest university in the US? (a) Princeton (b) New York University (c) Harvard (d) University of Edinburgh
Age 14-15 15-16 16-17 17-18
Education in the United States is locally controlled and administered. Consequently, there is a great deal of variation from one state to another, and even within a state.
• The United States
Elementary School
Grade Kindergarten 1 (first) 2 (second) 3 (third) 4 (fourth) 5 (fifth)
托福阅读真题及答案
托福阅读真题及答案As the twentieth century began, the importance of formal education in the United States increased. The frontier had mostly disappeared and by 1910 most Americans lived in towns and cities. Industrialization and the bureaucratization of economic life combined with a new emphasis upon credentials and expertise to make schooling increasingly important for economic and social mobility. Increasingly, too, schools were viewed as the most important means of integrating immigrants into American society.The arrival of a great wave of southern and eastern European immigrants at the turn of the century coincided with and contributed to an enormous expansion of formal schooling. By 1920 schooling to age fourteen or beyond was compulsory in most states, and the school year was greatly lengthened. Kindergartens, vacation schools, extracurricular activities, and vocational education and counseling extended the influence of public schools over the lives of students, many of whom in the larger industrial cities were the children of immigrants. Classes for adult immigrants were sponsored by public schools, corporations, unions, churches, settlement houses, and other agencies.Reformers early in the twentieth century suggested that education programs should suit the needs of specific populations. Immigrant women were one such population. Schools tried to educate young women so they could occupy productive places in the urban industrial economy, and one place many educators considered appropriate for women was the home.Although looking after the house and family was familiar to immigrant women, American education gave homemaking a new definition. In preindustrial economies, homemaking had meant the production as well as the consumption of goods, and it commonly included income-producing activities both inside and outside the home, in the highly industrialized early-twentieth-century United States, however, overproduction rather than scarcity was becoming a problem. Thus, the ideal American homemaker was viewed as a consumer rather than a producer. Schools trained women to be consumer homemakers cooking, shopping, decorating, and caring for children "efficiently" in their own homes, or if economic necessity demanded, as employees in the homes of others. Subsequent reforms have made these notions seem quite out-of-date.1. It can be inferred from paragraph 1 that one important factor in the increasing importance of education in the United States was(A) the growing number of schools in frontier communities(B) an increase in the number of trained teachers(C) the expanding economic problems of schools(D) the increased urbanization of the entire country2. The word "means" in line 6 is closest in meaning to(A) advantages(B) probability(C) method(D) qualifications3. The phrase "coincided with" in line 8 is closest in meaning to(A) was influenced by(B) happened at the same time as(C) began to grow rapidly(D) ensured the success of4. According to the passage , one important change in United States education by the 1920's was that(A) most places required children to attend school(B) the amount of time spent on formal education was limited(C) new regulations were imposed on nontraditional education(D) adults and children studied in the same classes5. Vacation schools and extracurricular activities are mentioned in lines 10-11 to illustrate(A) alternatives to formal education provided by public schools(B) the importance of educational changes(C) activities that competed to attract new immigrants to their programs.(D) the increased impact of public schools on students.6. According to the passage , early-twentieth century education reformers believed that(A) different groups needed different kinds of education(B) special programs should be set up in frontier communities to modernize them(C) corporations and other organizations damaged educational progress(D) more women should be involved in education and industry7. The word "it" in line 22 refers to(A) consumption(B) production(C) homemaking(D) education正确答案：DCBAD AC.。
美国的教育 英语作文
美国的教育英语作文Education in the United States。
Education in the United States is a complex and diverse system that includes both public and private institutionsat all levels. The system is structured to provide students with a broad range of educational opportunities, from preschool through graduate school, and to prepare them fora variety of careers and life experiences.The foundation of the American education system is the public school system, which is funded and administered by state and local governments. Public schools are free and open to all students, regardless of their social or economic background. They are required to provide a basic education to all students, including instruction in reading, writing, math, science, social studies, and physical education.In addition to public schools, there are many privateschools in the United States, which are funded by tuition and donations. Private schools vary widely in their size, curriculum, and philosophy, and can be religious or secular in nature. Some private schools offer specialized programsin areas such as the arts, technology, or international studies.Higher education in the United States is also diverse and includes a wide range of institutions, from community colleges to research universities. Community colleges offer two-year associate degrees and are often a more affordable option for students who want to complete their general education requirements before transferring to a four-year university. Four-year universities offer bachelor's degrees, and many also offer graduate programs that lead to master's or doctoral degrees.One of the unique features of the American education system is its emphasis on extracurricular activities. Students are encouraged to participate in sports, clubs,and other activities outside of the classroom, which can help them develop leadership skills, social connections,and a sense of community.Despite the strengths of the American education system, it also faces many challenges. One of the most significantis the achievement gap, which refers to the disparity in academic performance between different groups of students, particularly those from low-income and minority backgrounds. Other challenges include funding disparities between schools, teacher shortages, and the need to adapt torapidly changing technology and workforce demands.In conclusion, education in the United States is a complex and diverse system that provides students with a broad range of opportunities and prepares them for avariety of careers and life experiences. While there are many strengths to the system, there are also significant challenges that must be addressed in order to ensure thatall students have access to a high-quality education.。
美国教育的英语作文
美国教育的英语作文Education in the United States。
Education in the United States is highly valued and considered a key factor in achieving success. The education system in the U.S. is divided into three levels: elementary, secondary, and higher education.Elementary education, also known as primary education,is typically for children between the ages of 5 and 11. Children attend elementary school for six years and learn basic skills such as reading, writing, and arithmetic. Elementary schools often have a strong emphasis on socialization and character development.Secondary education, also known as high school, is for students between the ages of 12 and 18. High school is typically four years long and students are required to take a variety of courses including English, math, science,social studies, and physical education. High schools alsooffer elective courses in areas such as art, music, and foreign languages.In the U.S., higher education is not mandatory, but itis highly encouraged. Higher education includes collegesand universities, which offer a variety of degree programs such as associate's, bachelor's, master's, and doctoral degrees. Higher education is often seen as a means to achieve higher paying jobs and greater career opportunities.The U.S. education system places a strong emphasis on standardized testing, which is used to evaluate student performance and determine school funding. The most well-known standardized tests are the SAT and ACT, which are college entrance exams.One of the biggest challenges facing the U.S. education system is the achievement gap, which refers to thedisparities in academic performance between different demographic groups such as race, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status. Many efforts have been made toaddress the achievement gap, including increased fundingfor schools in disadvantaged areas and the implementation of programs aimed at improving academic performance.Overall, education in the United States is highly valued and seen as a key factor in achieving success. While there are challenges facing the education system, efforts are being made to address them and improve the quality of education for all students.。
Education-in-the-United-States美国教育
Education in the United States（1）Education in the United States is mainly provided by the public sector, with control and funding coming from three levels: federal, state, and local. Child education is compulsory. There are also a large number and wide variety of higher education institutions throughout the country that one can choose to attend, both public and private.教育在美国主要是由公共部门,提供控制和资金来自三个等级:联邦、州和地方。
孩子的教育是强制性的。
还有许多和各种各样的全国高等教育机构,可以选择参加,两个公共和私人。
Public education is universally available. School curricula, funding, teaching, employment, and other policies are set through locally elected school boards with jurisdiction over school districts with many directives from state legislatures. School districts are usually separate from other local jurisdictions, with independent officials and budgets. Educational standards and standardized testing decisions are usually made by state governments.公共教育是普遍可用的。
英语国家社会与文化简答题,,,,单元第三版下册
UNIT 3is an American Comment on the answer to the question by crevecoeur1American is either a European, or the descendant of a European , hence that strange mixture of blood, which you will find in no other country.He is an American, who leaving behind him all his ancient prejudices and manners, receives new ones from the new mode of life he has embraced, the new government he obeys, and the new rank he holdsThe American is a new man ,who acts upon new principles. He must therefore entertain new ideas and form new opinions...this is an American.2According to Crevecoeur, The American in those days had the mixed blood of Europeans or their descendants without taking into consideration other nationalities such as American Indians ans blacks. But today , the picture of an American is more complex.2 How did modern development in Europe influence the settlement of North American coloniesSome new and powerful social forces began to emerge which led to the awakening of Europe and the discovery of America.The first new force was the development of capitalism, and it produced the bourgeois class and the working class.The second major force was Renaissance, which was marked by a changing outlook on life.The third influential force was Religious Reformation, a religious reform movement that started form Germany.3 What was the unique American phenomenon How did it come into being Do you think it still exists in today's American societyon the one hand, the English and other Europeans went to North American for seeking freedom. But on the other hand, these very white people who were seeking and fighting for their own freedom deprived black Africans of their freedomThe two events combined constituted a unique American . First one is that on July, 30,1619,the first meeting of an elected legislature took place in North American. The second one is a dutch ship brought in over 20 Negroes, who were acted as servants for years.Yes, I do.4 In what way did Puritanism influence American cultureThe Puritans believed that governments should enforce God's morality. They strictly punished drunks, adulterers, violators of the Sabbath and other religious believers different from themselves. Roger Williams, one of the Puritans who protested that the state should not interfere with religion, was driven out of Massachusetts. In 1635, he set up Rhode Island colony, which guaranteed religious freedom and the separation of church and state.The Puritans also have left rich cultural heritage to future Americans. The American values such as individualism, hard work, respect of education owe very much to the Puritan beliefs.were some causes of the American RevolutionLong-term social, economic, and political changes in the colonies before 1750 provided the basis for an independent nation with representatives political institutions.More immediately, the French and Indian War 1754-1763 changed the relationship between the colonies and their mother country.Finally, a decade of conflicts between the British government and the colonist, beginning with the Stamp Act crisis in 1765, led to the outbreak of war in 1775 and the Declaration of Independence inUNIT 51. do you agree that cultivators of the earth are most valuable citizenYes, I do agree the point that “cultivators of the earth are the most valuable citizens”. My reasons for my agreement can be illustrated as follows:Firstly, though outward forms have changed, the vital importance of agriculture has not. Agriculture provides the sustenance that meets people’s most bas ic needs. Agriculture and its related industries serve as the foundation of American economic life Secondly, They have shown a spirit of individualism that the rest of society has admired. To a large extent, agricultural values have been adopted and celebrated by the society as a whole.Thirdly, American agriculture is big business. It provides the rest world with lots of food. So as the main body of agriculture, cultivators of the earth contribute a lot to American’s economic.2. It is known to all that buying and selling stocks is a risky business. Why do you think there are still so many people involved in itIn order to invest, individuals do not have to have a great deal of money: they can buy just a small portion of a business—called a share. The business of buying and selling shares in enterprises has become so big that offices have had to be set up where the selling of shares, or stock , can take place. These places, located in many cities in the United States and around the world, are called stock exchanges.examples of industries which are declining, and industries which are fast developing in the US.Generally speaking, declining industries would be industries where labor cost is high and its growth potential is limited. The Auto industry is in a declining state but of course if they reinvent their automobiles things could pick up for them. Developing industries would be the hi tech sector. Especially in companies that are developing new types of technology to help our environment by developing new types of technology in many areas. Especially energyconservation technology and new types of alternative energies. Also, new types of technology where we would be using fewer resources for our daily usage.4.What is the current economic situation in America How did the great recession beginwhat does it show(1)In late 2007 the US economy suffered a severe recession, it was a crisis that beganin America but soon turned global. Millions of people in America and all over the world lost their homes and jobs. It has resulted in the collapse of large financial institutions, and downturns in stock markets around the world,(2)Many economists believe that the problems are revealing defects in the free marketsystem and US government financial policies.(3)Question the soundness of this country's economy and even the appropriate shape ofa capitalist system,UNIT 61 In what way do you think that religious freedom was a historical necessity in the United StatesA few Americans were so influenced by the new science and new ideas of the Enlightenment in Europe that they became deists, believing that reason teaches that God exists but leaves man free to settle his own affairs. Many traditional Protestants and deists could agree, however,"all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their creator with certain unalienable rights," and that "the laws of Nature and Nature's God" entitled them to form a new nation. Among the rights that the new nation guaranteed, as a political necessity in a religiously diverse society, was freedom of religion. The First Amendment insured that American government would not meddle in religious affairs or require any religious beliefs of its citizens.2 What is the relationship between government and religion in AmericaIn some ways, the government supports all religions. Religious groups do not pay taxes in the United States. But government does not pay ministers' salaries or require any belief—not even a belief in God—as a condition of holding public office. Oaths are administered, but those who, like Quakers, object to them, can make a solemn affirmation, or declaration, instead3 What promotes the diversity in American religionContinuous immigration.The united states has always been a fertile ground for the growth of new religious movements. Frontier American provided plenty of room to set up a new church or found a new community.Many religious communities and secular utopias, or experiments in new forms of social founded in 18th, and 19th century America.Other world religions are increasing their numbers and influence in America such as Islam, Buddhism, and Hinduism.4. What are some of the features in religion that are particularly American What are some of the major differences between American religion and religion in EuropeFirst of all, Americans with different religions live together under the same law.Secondly, the religious beliefs of Americans continue to be strong with social Europe, scientific and economic advance and rising material prosperity have accompanied by a decline in religious observance bu in the US, this has not happened.Thirdly, in the United States every church is a completely independent organization, and concerned with its own finance and its own has been little concentration on doctrine or religious argument such as in European history,UNIT 81. What is the goal of education in the United States Discuss the similarities and differences in Great Britain, the United States and China concerning the goals of education.The goal is—and has been since the early decades of the republic—to achieve universal literacy and to provide individuals with the knowledge and skills necessary to promote both their own individual welfare as well as that of the general public. Though this goal has not yet been fully achieved, it remains an ideal toward which the American educational system is directed. The progress which has been made is notable both for its scope and for the educational methods which have been developed in the process of achieving it.2. How did American education begin to developIn 1634, they opened a “lateen grammar” school, a school for those who wanted to prepare for college.In 1636, Harvard College was founded for the training of religious ministers.In 1634 and 1638, the Puritans passed laws declaring that all property could be taxed for the common good, which included the support of school.In 1642 and 1647, the Bay Colony passed laws requiring all parents to provide reading educating for their children.At the end of the 18th century, elementary education throughout the United States was in local hands.3. What are the major characteristics of education in America1Different education laws for different states.2Several levels of schooling：Elementary Schooling,Secondary Schooling and High Schooling.3curricula for students: there is no national curriculum in the United States.3Compulsory education for all students.4Equal education opportunities for minority groups.5Strong demand for higher education.6The complex system of higher education.Some states play a strong role in the selection of learning material for their students.Schools were asked not only to teach this new information, but to help students ask their own questions about it. The “inquiry” method of learning , focusing on solving problems rather than memorizing facts, became popular.。
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Different teaching methods
Americans love do STH unconventional or unorthodox<标新立 异>,so do the teachers.Teachers like using vivid and interesting forms to stimulate students' interest in study and imagination.
summary
In education, the United States and China have a lot of samenesses, also have many differences. We should learn both of them , take advantage of the others’ and make great progress together.
Education in the United States
First: Different teaching methods Second: American school optimal endowment class Third: the unique way to learn to look and say Forth: In accordance with their aptitude
America's school optimal endowment class
The unique way to leaቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱn to look and say
In the United States, others can't actively find you, so you will have to find chances to show yourself. However, the ways to show yourself need excellent language ability
American education system profile
In the United States , everyone has the right to accept education. In the United States’ law ,children rang 6 from to 16 must attend to school. American public schools were supported by government tax , students will free admission; Private schools were more supported by the church. American schools are divided into the following four stages according to the age of: 1. The primary school: 1-6 grade (6 to 12 years old); 2. The junior high school: 7-8 grade (13-14); 3.The high school: 9-12 grade (15-18); 4. The college : is commonly 4 years (18 years old or above). Another "institute" or "professional institute", for the college graduated students in the research and establish. At present, most state carry on the 12 years of compulsory education. American education system is the world's cause of education of the most developed country in the world.
That’s all.
Thank you.
李华琴 王杨 匡晓芳 林婕 韩亚辉
The Chinese people have little words, less can have the speech, people have a natural antipath on the gassy man.
In accordance with their aptitude Students are separated by learning marks , they can be divided into a comparison group by their levels, not in the environment falling of competition, the university entrance exam will according to the characteristics of volunteer provided, the correct understanding and found himself, choosing the most suitable for ambition
Different teaching methods
America’s school optimal endowment class
The United States said intelligence for the likes of children (SMP), don't let students learn by rote, let students learn knowledge from books only, but rather training and inspire students to think about the problem and the ability to solve problems