2.高考英语复习---被动语态
英语成人高考复习-被动语态和虚拟语气
be型虚拟语气
2、表语从句中：
当主句主语为command , suggestion , demand ,order 等 （与1中动词同词根）以及idea , plan 等时（可用should + 动词原形代替；参见第十七章第三节“表语从句”）。 His order was that they (should ) stay where they were . 他的命令是他们呆在原地。
英语成人高考复习指导
基础知识复习-被动语态和虚拟 语气
Part1:被动语态和虚拟语气概述
英语动词除了时态，还有语态和语气的变化。
被动语态在英语中非常常见；
虚拟语气在现代英语中已趋于很少使用，《大纲》只 要求学生能读懂、理解虚拟语气的句子，不要求使用
。
Part2:被动语态
语态是表示句子的主语和谓语动词行为之间关系的
It is believed that he is right.
He is believed to be right.
大家相信他是对的。
被动语态的时态
一般过去时：
( He painted the wall white . →)
The wall was painted white . 墙油成了白色的。
be型虚拟语气
3、同位语从句中：
当其前为command , suggestion , demand , order 等（与1 中动词同词根）以及idea 等时（可用should + 动词原形代 替；参见第十七章第五节“同位语从句”）。 They received the order that they (should ) stay where they were. 他们得到命令让他们呆在原地。
高考英语必考语法--被动语态
高考英语必考语法——被动语态二、被动语态1．The water___ cool when I jumped into the pool for morning exercise. (2006)A. was feltB. is feltC. feltD. feels1．集焦点于动作的承受者。
2．只有及物动词有被动语态。
3．被动语态要和时态相结合。
2．The flowers____ sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature.(2004上海)A. to smellB. smelling时态被动语态一般时态be done进行时态be being done完成时态have been done3．The way the guests____in the hotel influenced their evaluation of the service. (2009北京)A. treatedB. were treatedC. would treatD. would be treated4．During the period of recent terrorist activities, people _______ not to touch any unattended bag.(2009上海)A had always been warnedB were always being warnedC are always warningD always warned5．His sister left home in 1998, and_______ since. （2009）A. had not been heard ofB. has not been heard ofC. had not heard ofD. has not heard ofbe born be headed be overcome be shippedbe fined be indicated be scheduled be woundedescape get let race suitflee have like resemble survive 6．The picture _____ on the wall is painted by my nephew.（2000春）A having hungB hangingC hangsD being hungHang[ I or T + adverb or preposition ]to fasten or support something at the top leaving the other parts free to move, or to be held in this way双向动词有些动词既能使人们从施行者的角度描述动词,又能使人们从动作承受者的角度描述动词。
高考英语语一轮复习——被动语态课件
3) 出于礼貌措辞等方面的考虑不愿说出动
作的执行者是谁。
It is generally considered not advisable to smoke here.
一般认为在这儿吸烟是不妥当的。
4) 被动结构能使句子得到更好的安排。
Liu Dehua appeared on the stage and was warmly applauded by the audience.
刘德华在台上出现，观众给予了热烈的掌 声。
3．学习、使用被动语态应注意下面几点
1) 短语动词的被动语态，要保持短语动 词的完整性，动词后面的介词或副词切 记不可遗漏。 These books must be taken good care of. 这些书必须好好保管。 The children were well looked after. 孩子们受到了良好的护理。
4. Practice:
1．—“Town Hall is the tallest building
in the city.”
—“ ______ from here?”
A. Can it see
B. Can it be seen
C. Can be seen it D. Can see
答案 B。 Town Hall (市政厅)应当是被看
We gave him some picture-books. →He was given some picture-books. →Some picture-books were given to him.
我们给他一些图画书。
3) 情态动词的被动语态：和shall或will一样。
We canLeabharlann divide an atom.故B, C不能选用。 raise vt.举起，升起。 后要接宾语，故 D不适用。 being raised
语法系列---被动语态讲义 高考语法复习
被动语态1 构成1)构成：助动词be+(及物动词的)过去分词语态是动词的一种形式，表示主语和谓语间的关系。
英语动词有主动语态(active voice)和被动语态(passive voice)两种语态。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
被动语态中动作的执行者用by短语表示。
Father cleared away the snow in the yard.父亲清扫了院中的雪。
(主动)The snow in the yard was cleared away by father.院中的雪被父亲清扫了。
(被动)被动语态的否定式是在第一个助动词后加not，也可用简略形式：isn't, aren't, wasn't, weren't, won't, shan't,hasn't, haven't,hadn't。
被动语态的疑问式是将第一助动词放在主语前，特殊疑问句式为：疑问词+一般疑问句。
如果特殊疑问句是对主语进行提问，要用陈述句语序。
English and some other foreign languages are taught in our university.我们大学开设英语和一些其他外语。
Is the novel written by Jack London?这部小说是杰克·伦敦写的吗？The whole city was destroyed by the earthquake.整座城市被地震毁灭了。
Will the protest meeting be held tomorrow?明天举行抗议集会吗？These elements shan't be sent over to the factory at once.这些元件不会立即就送往工厂。
The machine has been placed on a solid foundation.机器已经安置在坚实的地基上。
高考英语语法填空--被动语态六大关键
高考英语语法填空--被动语态六大关键一、被动语态的构成被动语态由助动词“be”加上动词的过去分词构成。
其中，助动词的形式根据句子中的时态、语态和人称的变化而变化。
二、被动语态的基本含义被动语态用于强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。
被动语态常见于科技说明、新闻报道或事物描述等场景。
三、被动语态的运用1. 当我们不知道或不关心动作的执行者时：- The book was left on the table yesterday.- 在昨天，这本书被留在了桌子上。
2. 当动作的执行者非常明确或已经提到过时：- 比赛的获胜者将在明天宣布。
3. 在官方通告、规章制度或说明书中：- Visitors are required to wear masks in the museum.- 游客在博物馆必须佩戴口罩。
4. 当强调动作的接受者时：- The necklace was given to her by her grandmother.- 这条项链是她奶奶送给她的。
5. 使用被动语态使句子更加简洁，避免过多的主动语态：- 预计该项目将在今年年底完成。
6. 被动语态还可以用于书面表达中，使文风更加正式：- It has been decided that a meeting will be held next week.- 已决定下周将召开一次会议。
四、被动语态的注意事项1. 当宾语是人时，可在被动语态中使用介词“by”表示动作的执行者：- The letter was written by Mike.- 这封信是迈克写的。
2. 当句子中有两个宾语时，常用“to”或“for”引导的宾语作为被动结构的主语：- She was given a gift by her friend.- 她得到了一个礼物，是她的朋友给的。
3. 当动词是不及物动词时，需要加上适当的介词才能使用被动语态：- The meeting was talked about by everyone.- 每个人都在谈论会议。
高三英语基础知识复习——被动语态知识精讲
高三英语基础知识复习——被动语态【本讲主要内容】英语基础知识复习——被动语态【知识总结归纳】英语动词有主动语态和被动语态。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
1. 被动语态的构成：被动语态由助动词be+及物动词的过去分词构成。
助动词有人称，数和时态的变化。
掌the smoke.His work was stopped by the loud noise outside.The water in the pot is being turned into vapor.The cup had at last been returned to the professor.By the end of this year, about 1,000 cars will be have been produced.被动语态用于不知道动作的执行者，或没有必要说出动作的执行者，有时出于礼貌不便说出动作的执行者，或者强调动作的承受者等场合。
The room hasn’t been used for ten years.You are invited to give a speech in the meeting.2. 学习被动语态时宜注意的要点1)注意下列各种被动语态结构：(1)带情态动词的被动句The clothes must be taken away from the heat of fire.衣服必须从炉火边拿走。
Sugar can be changed into starch.糖能被变成淀粉She brought me into touch with everything that could be reached or felt 她让我接触一切可以摸到或感觉到的东西。
(2)含短语动词的被动语态注意短语动词中的介词或副词等不可丢掉。
如：In the eye of law，slavery was done away with in America．从法律的观点来看，奴隶制在美国被废除了。
高中英语高考《被动语态》专项专题知识点归纳总结
高中英语《被动语态》专项专题知识点归纳总结语态也是动词的一种形式，表示主语与谓语之间的关系。
英语有两种语态：主动语态(active voice) 和被动语态(passive voice)。
主动语态表示主语是谓语动作的执行者，而被动语态则表示主语是谓语动作的承受者。
一、被动语态的构成被动语态是由助动词be加及物动词的过去分词构成，如果有必要强调动作的执行者，动作执行者可以由介词by引出的短语表示。
助动词be随主语的人称、数、时态和语气的不同而变化。
A. 十种常见时态的被动语态1. 一般现在时主动语态：do被动语态：amisare doneWe clean the classroom every day. 我们每天打扫教室。
The classroom is cleaned by us every day. 教室每天都由我们打扫。
Such songs are usually sung by girls. 这些歌通常是女孩子们唱的。
Russian is not taught in our school. 我们学校不教俄语。
Are many goods shipped abroad every day 每天都有许多货物运往国外吗2. 一般过去时主动语态：did被动语态：waswere doneWe cleaned the classroom yesterday. 昨天我们打扫了教室。
The classroom was cleaned by us yesterday. 昨天教室被我们打扫了。
The window was broken by my son. 窗子是我儿子打破的。
Were many trees planted on the hill yesterday 昨天山上种了许多树吗？How much money was stolen in all 一共被偷了多少钱？3. 一般将来时主动语态：willshall do被动语态：willshall be doneWe will clean the classroom soon. 我们很快要打扫教室。
英语高考英语被动语态真题汇编含答案
（英语）高考英语被动语态真题汇编（含答案）一、单项选择被动语态1.The plan for Xiongan New Area officially on April 1, 2017.A. announcedB. was announcedC. announcesD. is announced【答案】B【解析】考查时态与被动语态。
句意：设立雄安新区的计划在2017年4月1 口被官方宣布。
计划是被官方宣布，故用被动语态；动作发生在过去，故用一般过去时的被动语态。
故选B。
2.scores of times, but Derek still couldn't understand how to use past participle in a concrete situation.A. Having explainedB. Having been explainedC. Though it was explainedD. It was explained【答案】D【解析】因为有连词but,前面应是完整的句子，排除A,B; Though不能和but同时使用，所以选Do3.—Have you heard of yesterday's gas explosion?—Yes. Only two of the 35 miners at the scene to have made it out safely.A. have thoughtB. are thoughtC. had thoughtD. were thought【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查时态语态。
句意：一一你听说昨天的瓦斯爆炸了吗?一一是的，在现场的35名矿工中，只有两名被认为安全获救。
此处指现在只有2个人被认为安全获救，用一般现在时的被动语态，故选B.4. A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who in the mountains for twodays.A. are trappingB. have been trappedC. were trappingD. had been trapped【答案】D【解析】考杳语态和时态。
被动语态高考复习
Mum made me a new dress. I was made a new dress by Mum. A new dress was made for me by my mother.
间宾（人）作被动句的主语， 一切依旧；而直宾（物）作主语， 则须在间宾前添加to或for。加to 的动词多为give，send，bring， teach，show，pass，write，ask， tell等；加for的动词有make， draw，buy等。
3.He made me do the work. I was made to do the work by him. 口诀3：这些动词真奇怪，主动句中to 离开，被动 句中to回 来。（feel,listen to,hear,let have,make,look at,see,watch…)
4.They take good care of the baby.
The baby is taken good care of by them. 注意：含动词词组的被动语态，须 将其看作一个整体，不可把它们分 隔开来。
有些情况下动词的主动形式也可以表示被动意义。 一、表示“开始”；“结束”类的动词。常见 的这类动词有begin, start, open, close, end, finish, stop等。例如： School begins in September. The stores in this area open later at weekends than at weekdays. 二、主语是物，谓语是表示主语特征或属性 的动词。常见的这类动词有write, read, wear, wash, clean, sell, run, lock等。这些动词常 与副词或否定词连用。例如：
高考语法被动语态综合考点梳理-高三英语复习
被动语态综合考点一、定义语态通常分两种，主动语态与被动语态。
首先要明白什么是主语、谓语、宾语。
主动语态是指主语是动作的发起者/执行者，而被动语态是指主语是动作的承受者。
简言之，被动语态的主语就是同一主动语态里的宾语。
①Tom bought a book yesterday.Tom昨天买了一本书。
(主动语态)②The book was bought by Tom yesterday.这本书昨天被Tom买了。
(被动语态)二、使用语境1.当想要突出强调动作的承受者时：Tom is moved by the story.2.当没必要说出或不知道或避免提到谁是动作的执行者时：Our school was built in 1996.(没出现执行者)3.当动作的执行者是无生命的事物时：Tom was hit by the basketball.4.当宣传(广告/新闻/标题等)需要时：An English teacher needed.(注意这类情况会像口语一样有时会出现语法漏洞→突出噱头/亮点，但大家还是能意会宣传意思)三、主要结构(被动三考)1.be动词+动词过去分词+...by...(1)be动词需要注意2点(考试容易挖坑)：①考虑主语单复数，即注意主谓一致，be动词要跟随主语变化成相应形式。
The tree was planted in 2009.The trees were planted in 2009.(2)考虑时态，be动词往往就是时态的折射，在被动语态表现更甚。
The water was drunk by Tom yesterday.The water will be drunk by Tom tomorrow.2.动词过去分词动词过去分词(done)主要涉及被动语态、系表结构、完成时态，规则变化形式与过去式类似，不规则变化需要强记。
记住了就会运用了哈。
(1)行为动词过去分词规则变化①一般情况下直接加ed，如：play→played②以不发音的e结尾→加d，如：like→liked③以辅音字母加y结尾，去y为i再加ed，如：study→studied④以重读闭音节(辅元辅)结尾，双写末字母再加ed，如：plan→planned(2)行为动词过去分词不规则变化3.byby是被动三考的介词，有时候句子中会不出现。
高考英语语法填空--被动语态六大核心考点
高考被动语态六大核心考点在英语的两种语态中，对于大多数学生而言，主动语态较易接受和理解，而被动语态则是学习和备考的重点和难点。
下面结合近年来高考题分三期来归纳一下被动语态方面的考查要点。
考点1：考查被动语态的启用与构成形式【考例】1.The hero’s story________(report) differently in the newspapers.（NMET2005全国）2. With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities ofgood earth ____( wash away) each year.(NMET2005山东卷)3. Millions of pounds’worth of damage________(cause) by astorm which swept across the north of England last night.(NMET2005重庆)4. Great changes_____( take place) in the city, and a lot offactories______(set up). (NMET)【答案解析】1. 【解析】答案was reported。
句子的主语story是动作report的被执行者，故应选用被动语态；被动语态的构成为助动词be加动词的过去分词构成。
2.【解析】答案are being washed away。
此题首先考查了主语与谓语的一致。
谓语应与quantity 的形式一致，故本题应确定为复数谓语are，且用被动语态形式；其次考查被动语态的形式，根据前文的beingdestroyed，可判定为被动进行时态。
3.【解析】答案has been caused。
Last night这一时间状语暗示动作已发生；又由于动作并非强调在一个过去时间之前就已完成，而是强调动作对现在的影响，故只能选用现在完成时的被动语态。
2024年高考英语总复习——被动语态
2024年高考英语总复习——被动语态（2023年10月）一．选择题（共19小题）1．（2023春•濠江区校级期中）These rare species are still endangered，for they ________ illegally for their valuable fur.（）A．will be hunted B．were huntedC．are being hunted D．are hunted2．（2023春•濠江区校级期中）Tom，as well as his teammates，________ for the talent show，________ makes them proud and happy.（）A．has been selected；whichB．has selected；thatC．is selected；thatD．are being selected；which3．（2023春•江门校级期中）The pen ________ well.（）A．is written B．writesC．was written D．writing4．（2023•凌河区校级开学）—When can we see the films in our town？—Not until the cinema ________ next year.（）A．builds B．will buildC．is built D．will be built5．（2023春•和平区校级期中）Delete the short message at once!Many a man _________by such tricks up to now.（）A．are taken in B．is taken inC．have been taken in D．has been taken in6．（2023春•元氏县校级期末）It's reported that many houses________ at present in the disastrous area.（）A．have built B．are builtC．are being built D．have been built7．（2023•潮阳区校级开学）—Mom，my classmates are playing outside.Can I join them？—Not until your homework __________.（）A．finishes B．is finishedC．finished D．was finished8．（2022秋•黄埔区校级期末）Since your car ________，you may use mine.（）A．is being repaired B．has been repairedC．is repairing D．is being repairing9．（2023春•西青区校级期中）Look!The building which ______now will be used as a library.（）A．is built B．to be builtC．is being built D．being built10．（2022秋•广州期末）We have to hold the meeting in the small hall because the meeting room where we planned to hold the meeting_________.（）A．is being decorated B．is decoratingC．will be decorated D．being decorated11．（2023•琼山区校级开学）With Double Reduction（双减）Policy，students _______ less homework now so that they have enough time to take part in more activities.（）A．will give B．give C．are given 12．（2023•安徽开学）During the Tang Dynasty（朝代），nearly everything produced in the world ______ on the streets of Chang' an.（）A．is found B．has been foundC．would be found D．could be found13．（2023•滨州开学）At the end of the school day，most students _____ by their parents.But I had to go back by myself.（）A．pick up B．picked upC．are picked up D．were picked up14．（2023春•吉安期末）—Oh，I cannot stand the traffic here!—Me either.What's worse，20 accidents ________ in this crossing already this month.（）A．will be reported B．was being reportedC．have been reported D．had been reported15．（2023•温江区校级开学）Sharks should __________ to keep the balance of ecosystem.（）A．be protected B．protectC．have protected16．（2022秋•黄埔区校级期末）So far，every possible means ________ to meet the highest possible standard.（）A．are being tried B．is being triedC．has been tried D．have been tried17．（2023春•花都区校级期中）Look!A nice picture ____ for our teacher.（）A．is drawing B．is being drawnC．have been drawn D．draws18．（2022秋•津南区校级期末）My father's newly﹣written novel ______ into three foreign languages by the end of last month.（）A．has translated B．had translatedC．has been translated D．had been translated19．（2022秋•津南区校级期末）Unfortunately，Tom's computer as well as two bags，______ on the bus yesterday.（）A．have been stolen B．has been stolenC．was stolen D．were stolen二．词性转换（共1小题）20．（2023春•花都区期中）Teaching in the countryside has allowed him to witness the progress which （make）in compulsory education over the past decade. （所给词的适当形式填空）2024年高考英语复习新题速递之被动语态（2023年10月）参考答案与试题解析一．选择题（共19小题）1．（2023春•濠江区校级期中）These rare species are still endangered，for they ________ illegally for their valuable fur.（）A．will be hunted B．were huntedC．are being hunted D．are hunted【考点】现在进行时的被动语态．【答案】C【分析】这些稀有物种仍然处于濒危状态，因为人们为了获取珍贵的皮毛而非法猎杀它们。
高三高考英语语法复习知识点总结五篇
高三高考英语语法复习知识点总结五篇文章：高三高考英语语法复习知识点总结为了帮助广大考生复习高考英语语法，本文将根据常见的知识点总结五篇文章，分别对语态、时态、从句、虚拟语气和非谓语动词进行梳理和解析。
一、语态语态是英语中的一大难点，主要是因为中文中没有严格的语态区分，所以需要我们借助一些例子来记忆。
1. 被动语态被动语态用法较为简单，主要就是要记住要将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语，同时使用不同的助动词和时态形式。
例如：Active: They build a new hospital here every year.Passive: A new hospital is built here every year.Active: She eats a banana every morning.Passive: A banana is eaten by her every morning.2. 主动语态主动语态用法就是正常的语态，也是比较简单的。
一般来说，我们常常使用主动语态，尤其是在描述我们自己或别人正在进行的动作。
Active: He writes a letter to his friend.Passive: A letter is written to his friend by him.Active: She plays the piano every afternoon.Passive: The piano is played every afternoon by her.3. 非定语动词非定语动词指的是在句子中作为谓语动词的动词，也就是我们最常见的动词形式。
在语态中，非定语动词主要是用来表示一些情感、感叹或存在状态等。
Active: She loves him deeply.Passive: He is loved deeply by her.Active: They usually send the report to the boss.Passive: The report is usually sent to the boss by them.二、时态时态也是英语语法中的一大难点，考生需要掌握现在时、过去时、将来时和完成时等几个常见时态。
高考英语语法复习-语态(被动语态)
被动语态
概述：
高考中，被动语态的考察通常是跟时态紧密结合的。
考生需要在透彻理解被动语态含义的基础上，注意其与各种时态的结合。
、
知识点梳理：
I 语态含义：语态是动词的一种形式，用来说明句中主语和谓语动词的关系的。
1）主语——谓语动词主语是谓语动词的发出者主动语态
2）主语——谓语动词主语是谓语动词的承受者被动语态
II 被动语态的构成Be + done
<注> 在使用中，还有一种形式：get + done。
两者的区别（get更强调行为的过程，be 侧重说明一种状态）例：My little brother got scolded. 我的小弟弟受到了训斥。
The twins were caught in the rain. 这对双胞胎淋了雨。
<注> 一般都是用by来引出动作的实施者（主动语态的主语）。
但有时，也会使用with，强调手段，方式，工具例：The cat was killed by a heavy stone. 猫被（掉下来的）大石头砸死了。
The cat was killed with a heavy stone. 猫被（人用）大石头砸死了。
VI 被动语态的时态问题
VII 被动语态的注意事项
1.与情态动词的连用情态动词+be done
You might be asked to speak at the meeting.
These books may be appreciated better by older children.
3.主动表被动的情况。
考点09 被动语态(核心考点精讲精练)-备战2025年高考英语一轮复习考点帮
考点09被动语态（核心考点精讲精练）1. 高考真题考点分布考点题型谓语动词时态、被动语态、主谓一致语法填空年份试卷类型考点考向20242024·新课标I卷____60_walks___ (walk) 一般现在时与主谓一致2024·新课标II卷___38_were_(be);___41_be built__ (build)一般过去时与主谓一致；被动语态2024·全国乙卷__44_were__ (be)一般过去时与主谓一致2024·全国甲卷2024·年浙江1月__42_have started___(start)现在完成时与主谓一致20232023·新课标I卷/2023·新课标II卷I ___65_ wished__ (wish)一般过去时2023·全国乙卷was amazed;means;一般过去时与主谓一致，一般现在时与主谓一致2023·全国甲卷/2023·年北京卷11.would throw13. had arrivedhas established一般将来时；过去完成时；现在完成时与主谓一致2023·年浙江1月featured一般过去时20222022·新课标I卷were;is designed一般过去时与主谓一致；一般现在时被动语态与主谓一致2022·新课标II卷42.was fixing43. threw过去进行时与主谓一致；一般过去时2022·全国乙卷addressed一般过去时2022·全国甲卷has walked现在完成时与主谓一致2022·年北京卷caught;has;has increased一般过去时；一般现在时与主谓一致；现在完成时与主谓一致2022·年浙江1月is viewed或has beenviewedare；have promised一般现在时被动语态与主谓一致；主谓一致；现在完成时被动语态与主谓一致2. 命题规律及备考策略【命题规律】近3年新高考卷对于被动语态的考查共计3次，主要考查：1.一般现在时的被动语态；2.一般过去时的被动语态；3. 现在完成时的被动语态。
高考英语语法复习：动词不定式的被动语态
4. There be 结构中，用不定式的主动和被 动式来修饰主语，区别不大。
There is a lot of work to do / to be done. (多用主动形式) 没有什么可担心的。
There is nothing to worry about.
3. 在下列情况中用不定式的主动形式表示被动意思。 2) 在“主语+表语（形容词）to do” 中， 主语也是 不定式的逻辑宾语,即不定式动词和主语之间是 动宾关系。
This question is easy to answer. （分析：answer (动)------this question （宾）） ★ 注意：
/
/
二、动词不定式的被动语态
1. 动词不定式的被动语态有两种形式：
1）一般式 （not/never ）to be done
2）完成式 （not/ never） to have been done （表示不定式动作发生在谓语动词之前）
2. 动词不定式的被动语态在句子中的作用 1) 做主语（常用it做形式主语） To be offered sympathy by a robot is ridiculous. It is ridiculous to be offered sympathy by ….
I have a lot of homework to do. 这个优雅的女人有事情要宣布。
The elegant lady had something to declare.
★ 注意：若句子的主语并非不定式的逻辑主语时， 不定式则必须用被动式。
★ 比较： I have a lot of letters to type . (我有很多信件要打印：I will type the letter) I have a lot of letters to be typed. (意思为： I get sb. to type the letter)
突破高考英语之被动语态
高中英语语法之被动语态语态是动词的一种形式，它表示主语和谓语的关系。
语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。
如果主语是动作的执行者，或者是说动作是由主语完成的，要用主动语态；如果主语是动作的承受者，或者是说动作不是由主语而是由其他人完成的，则用被动语态。
被动语态各时态构成表TENSE 主动语态被动语态一般现在时be+V.\V.s am\is\are+V(p.p)一般将来时will\be going to+V. will be +V(p.p)现在进行时am\is\are+V.ing am\is\are+being+V(p.p)一般过去时①was\were②V.ed was\were+V(p.p)现在完成时have\has+V.p.p have\has+been+V(p.p)过去完成时had+V.p.p had+been+V(p.p)过去进行时was\were+V.ing was\were+being+V(p.p)情态动词情态动词+V. 情态动词+be+V(p.p)被动语态（一般现在时）主动语态变被动语态时，主动语态句中的宾语变成被动语态句中的主语，主动语态句中的主语成为被动语态句中的动作的发出者。
被动语态的口诀：一般现、过用be +V.过去分词，be有人称、时、数变。
完成时态have(has) done，被动将been加中间。
一般将来shall (will) do，被动变do为be done。
将来进行无被动，shall (will) be doing,现在完成进行同，have (has) been doing。
现、过进行be doing, 被动be加being done。
情、助、有、是妥安排，一律随新主语变。
否定助后加not，疑问一助置主前。
主语恰是疑问词，直陈语序主在前。
一般情助加be done，双宾多将间宾变。
复合宾语宾变主，宾补、主补相应变。
1.一般现在时 is\am\are+P.P(过去分词)2.一般过去时 was\were+P.P3.一般将来时 will be+P.P4.现在进行时 is\am\are+being(固定不变)+P.P5.过去进行时 was\were+being(固定不变)+P.P6.现在完成时 have\has been+P.P7.过去完成时 had been+P.P第二句"be有人称、时、数变"即be有人称、时态和单、复数的变化。
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students
didn't
forget
his
lessons easily.
His lessons were not easily forgotten.
(三)常见的八种时态中的被动语态 3. 一般将来时： (1)They will send cars abroad by sea. Cars will be sent abroad by sea.
over, turn down, work out, turn out 等。
The sports meet will be put off because of the bad weather.
4. 带复合宾语(宾语+ 宾补)的动词改为被动语态时，一 般把主动结构中的宾语改为主语，而宾语补足语保留在谓 语动词后面。如： (1) We always keep the classroom clean. →The classroom is always kept clean. (2) She told us to follow her instructions. →We were told to follow her instructions. 注意：在see, watch, hear, notice, listen to, look at, make, feel等动词后作宾语补足语的动词不定式都不带 to， 但改成被动语态后都带to，这时不定式为主语补足语，也 就是说不定式作主语补足语不存在省略to 的问题。 We often hear him play the guitar. →He is often heard to play the guitar.
2. 含有双宾语的主动句变被动句时，可分别将其中的一个宾语变
为主语，另一个不动，一般变间接宾语为主语时比较多。 My uncle gave me a present on my birthday. I was given a present on my birthday. 保留宾语 如果把直接宾语(指物)改为主语，则在间接宾语(指人)前加适 当的介词，如上句还可以说：
被动语态用法详解
(一) 语 态 分 类
英语动词有两种语态，主动语态和被动语态。 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表 示主语是动作的承受者。如： They will build a new bridge over the river. (主动) A new bridge will be built over the river. (被动) 汉语中常用“被”、“给”、“由”、“受” 等词用来表示被动，而英语用： 助动词be + 及物动词的过去as given to me yesterday.
注意：1.一般在下列动词后，常在间接宾语前用介
词 to，如： bring, give, hand, lend, offer, pass, pay, promise, sell, show, take, teach, tell 等。 (1) The book was showed to the class. (2) My bike was lent to her. 2.一般在下列动词后，间接宾语前用介词 for, 如： build, buy, cook, cut, choose, do, fetch, find, fix, get, keep, make, order, paint, play, sing 等。 (1) A new skirt was made for me. (2) The meat was cooked for us. (3) Some country music was played for us.
already sold out the tickets.
When I got to the theatre, I found the tickets
had already been sold out.
(2) The whole country was very sad at the
news of his death; People had considered him
the project by the end of the year. The manager said the project would be completed by the end of the year. (2) The workers told me they would mend the car as soon as possible. The workers told me that the car would be mended as soon as possible.
listen to, look after, think of, talk about 等。
The problem is solved. It needn't be talked about.
及物动词+ 副词：如：bring about, carry out, find out, give up
hand in, make out, pass on, point out, put away, put off, think His request was turned down.
(五) 被 动 语 态 的 使 用
1.当不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者时，常用被动语态，这时 往往不用by 短语。
“Mr. White, the cup was broken after class. ”
2.突出或强调动作的承受者，如果需要说出动作的执行者，用by 短语。
These records were made by John Denver. The cup was broken by Paul.
might be put off.
(2)He has brought his book here.
His book has been brought here.
(三)常见的八种时态中的被动语态 8. 过去完成时： (1)When I got to the theatre, I found they had
The rooms are being painted.
(三)常见的八种时态中的被动语态 6. 过去进行时：
(1)The workers were mending the road.
The road was being mended.
(2)This time last year we were planting
(三)常见的八种时态中的被动语态 2. 一般过去时： (1)They agreed on the building of a new car factory last month.
The building of a new car factory was
agreed on last month.
(2)The
(二) 被动语态的时态、人称和数的变化
主要体现在be的变化上，其形式与系动词be的变化形式完全 一样。以 give 为例，列表如下： am / is / are + done 一般现在时：
was / were + done 一般过去时： shall / will + be done 一般将来时： 一般过去将来时：should / would + be done am / is / are + being + done 现在进行时： was / were + being + done 过去进行时： have / has + been + done 现在完成时： had + been + done 过去完成时： shall / will + have been + done 将来完成时： 过去将来完成时：should / would + have been + done ［注］被动语态没有将来进行时和过去将来进行时。
(三)常见的八种时态中的被动语态 5. 现在进行时：
(1)The radio is broadcasting English
lessons.
English lessons are being broadcasted
on the radio.
(2) We are painting the rooms.
1.把主动语态的宾语变成被动语态的主语。 2.把主动语态的谓语变成被动语态的be + 过去分词，时态要与原 句保持一致。 3.把主动语态的主语变为介词by 的宾语，放在被动语态里谓语动 词之后，by 短语可以省略。如果原句主语是地点名词，在被动语 态中用in + 地点名词作状语。
(六)语态转换时所注意的问题
(2)They will give plenty of jobs to
school-leavers.
Plenty of jobs will be given to schoolleavers.
(三)常见的八种时态中的被动语态 4. 过去将来时： (1)The manager said they would complete
to be a great leader.
He had been considered to be a great leader.
(四） 含有情态动词的被动语态： 含有情态动词的被动语态是由“情态动词 + be+ 及物动词的过去分词”构成。 (1)You must hand in your compositions after class. Your compositions must be handed in after class. (2)He can write a great many letters with the computer. A great many letters can be written with the computer by him.