(英语)高考英语总复习--被动语态
高考英语必考语法--被动语态
高考英语必考语法——被动语态二、被动语态1．The water___ cool when I jumped into the pool for morning exercise. (2006)A. was feltB. is feltC. feltD. feels1．集焦点于动作的承受者。
2．只有及物动词有被动语态。
3．被动语态要和时态相结合。
2．The flowers____ sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature.(2004上海)A. to smellB. smelling时态被动语态一般时态be done进行时态be being done完成时态have been done3．The way the guests____in the hotel influenced their evaluation of the service. (2009北京)A. treatedB. were treatedC. would treatD. would be treated4．During the period of recent terrorist activities, people _______ not to touch any unattended bag.(2009上海)A had always been warnedB were always being warnedC are always warningD always warned5．His sister left home in 1998, and_______ since. （2009）A. had not been heard ofB. has not been heard ofC. had not heard ofD. has not heard ofbe born be headed be overcome be shippedbe fined be indicated be scheduled be woundedescape get let race suitflee have like resemble survive 6．The picture _____ on the wall is painted by my nephew.（2000春）A having hungB hangingC hangsD being hungHang[ I or T + adverb or preposition ]to fasten or support something at the top leaving the other parts free to move, or to be held in this way双向动词有些动词既能使人们从施行者的角度描述动词,又能使人们从动作承受者的角度描述动词。
语法系列---被动语态讲义 高考语法复习
被动语态1 构成1)构成：助动词be+(及物动词的)过去分词语态是动词的一种形式，表示主语和谓语间的关系。
英语动词有主动语态(active voice)和被动语态(passive voice)两种语态。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
被动语态中动作的执行者用by短语表示。
Father cleared away the snow in the yard.父亲清扫了院中的雪。
(主动)The snow in the yard was cleared away by father.院中的雪被父亲清扫了。
(被动)被动语态的否定式是在第一个助动词后加not，也可用简略形式：isn't, aren't, wasn't, weren't, won't, shan't,hasn't, haven't,hadn't。
被动语态的疑问式是将第一助动词放在主语前，特殊疑问句式为：疑问词+一般疑问句。
如果特殊疑问句是对主语进行提问，要用陈述句语序。
English and some other foreign languages are taught in our university.我们大学开设英语和一些其他外语。
Is the novel written by Jack London?这部小说是杰克·伦敦写的吗？The whole city was destroyed by the earthquake.整座城市被地震毁灭了。
Will the protest meeting be held tomorrow?明天举行抗议集会吗？These elements shan't be sent over to the factory at once.这些元件不会立即就送往工厂。
The machine has been placed on a solid foundation.机器已经安置在坚实的地基上。
高考英语语法填空--被动语态六大关键
高考英语语法填空--被动语态六大关键一、被动语态的构成被动语态由助动词“be”加上动词的过去分词构成。
其中，助动词的形式根据句子中的时态、语态和人称的变化而变化。
二、被动语态的基本含义被动语态用于强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。
被动语态常见于科技说明、新闻报道或事物描述等场景。
三、被动语态的运用1. 当我们不知道或不关心动作的执行者时：- The book was left on the table yesterday.- 在昨天，这本书被留在了桌子上。
2. 当动作的执行者非常明确或已经提到过时：- 比赛的获胜者将在明天宣布。
3. 在官方通告、规章制度或说明书中：- Visitors are required to wear masks in the museum.- 游客在博物馆必须佩戴口罩。
4. 当强调动作的接受者时：- The necklace was given to her by her grandmother.- 这条项链是她奶奶送给她的。
5. 使用被动语态使句子更加简洁，避免过多的主动语态：- 预计该项目将在今年年底完成。
6. 被动语态还可以用于书面表达中，使文风更加正式：- It has been decided that a meeting will be held next week.- 已决定下周将召开一次会议。
四、被动语态的注意事项1. 当宾语是人时，可在被动语态中使用介词“by”表示动作的执行者：- The letter was written by Mike.- 这封信是迈克写的。
2. 当句子中有两个宾语时，常用“to”或“for”引导的宾语作为被动结构的主语：- She was given a gift by her friend.- 她得到了一个礼物，是她的朋友给的。
3. 当动词是不及物动词时，需要加上适当的介词才能使用被动语态：- The meeting was talked about by everyone.- 每个人都在谈论会议。
高考英语被动语态用法总结(完整)
to代替不定式
在一定的上下文中，为了避免重复，动词不定式在句中可以被省略掉，但是要保留动词不定式的符号to。to代替不定式，常同refuse, want, seem, intend, expect, hope, like, be afraid, prefer, care, oblige, forget, wish, try，tell等动词连用。
高考英语被动语态用法总结(完整)
一、单项选择被动语态
1．Please don’t stand up in class until you ______.
A．were told toB．are told
C．are told toD．were told
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
考查省略句。句意：直到有人叫你站起来，你才可以在课堂上站起来。在一定的上下文中，为了避免重复，动词不定式在句中可以被省略掉，但是要保留动词不定式的符号to。分析句子可知，本句为一般现在时。故C选项正确。
2．A human case of H7N9 was reported in 2014 when a woman______ to be infected with the bird flu virus.
A．confirmedB．had been confirmed
C．was confirmedD．have confirmed
A．has discovered B．has been discБайду номын сангаасvered
C．had discovered D．had been discovered
【答案】D
【解析】句意：在东京举行的颁奖仪式上，科学家们惊讶于科学技术的发现。科学家们感到惊讶是过去式，故科学技术发现用过去完成时，what于动词discover是被动关系，故选D。
高三英语基础知识复习——被动语态知识精讲
高三英语基础知识复习——被动语态【本讲主要内容】英语基础知识复习——被动语态【知识总结归纳】英语动词有主动语态和被动语态。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
1. 被动语态的构成：被动语态由助动词be+及物动词的过去分词构成。
助动词有人称，数和时态的变化。
掌the smoke.His work was stopped by the loud noise outside.The water in the pot is being turned into vapor.The cup had at last been returned to the professor.By the end of this year, about 1,000 cars will be have been produced.被动语态用于不知道动作的执行者，或没有必要说出动作的执行者，有时出于礼貌不便说出动作的执行者，或者强调动作的承受者等场合。
The room hasn’t been used for ten years.You are invited to give a speech in the meeting.2. 学习被动语态时宜注意的要点1)注意下列各种被动语态结构：(1)带情态动词的被动句The clothes must be taken away from the heat of fire.衣服必须从炉火边拿走。
Sugar can be changed into starch.糖能被变成淀粉She brought me into touch with everything that could be reached or felt 她让我接触一切可以摸到或感觉到的东西。
(2)含短语动词的被动语态注意短语动词中的介词或副词等不可丢掉。
如：In the eye of law，slavery was done away with in America．从法律的观点来看，奴隶制在美国被废除了。
高中英语高考《被动语态》专项专题知识点归纳总结
高中英语《被动语态》专项专题知识点归纳总结语态也是动词的一种形式，表示主语与谓语之间的关系。
英语有两种语态：主动语态(active voice) 和被动语态(passive voice)。
主动语态表示主语是谓语动作的执行者，而被动语态则表示主语是谓语动作的承受者。
一、被动语态的构成被动语态是由助动词be加及物动词的过去分词构成，如果有必要强调动作的执行者，动作执行者可以由介词by引出的短语表示。
助动词be随主语的人称、数、时态和语气的不同而变化。
A. 十种常见时态的被动语态1. 一般现在时主动语态：do被动语态：amisare doneWe clean the classroom every day. 我们每天打扫教室。
The classroom is cleaned by us every day. 教室每天都由我们打扫。
Such songs are usually sung by girls. 这些歌通常是女孩子们唱的。
Russian is not taught in our school. 我们学校不教俄语。
Are many goods shipped abroad every day 每天都有许多货物运往国外吗2. 一般过去时主动语态：did被动语态：waswere doneWe cleaned the classroom yesterday. 昨天我们打扫了教室。
The classroom was cleaned by us yesterday. 昨天教室被我们打扫了。
The window was broken by my son. 窗子是我儿子打破的。
Were many trees planted on the hill yesterday 昨天山上种了许多树吗？How much money was stolen in all 一共被偷了多少钱？3. 一般将来时主动语态：willshall do被动语态：willshall be doneWe will clean the classroom soon. 我们很快要打扫教室。
2020年高考英语复习 被动语态
高考英语复习被动语态【壹】为什么会有被动语态？LH hit DG.DG was hit (by LH). DGwas hit.当不知道或不强调动作发出者的时候，使用被动语态。
基本长相：be done【贰】谓语动词长相构成大盘点注：另见文档。
【叁】各种时态下的被动语态一、一般现在时am/is/are + donePeople know the Great Wall all over the world. （原句中有宾语，才能变成被动）→ The Great Wall all over the world.答案：is known二、一般过去时Lu Xun wrote the book.→ The b ook by Lu Xun.答案：was written三、一般将来时He will give a talk (on Chinese history) (next week).→ A talk on Chinese h istory by him next week.答案：will be given四、过去将来时They were going to sell the cow the next day.→ The cow the next day.答案：was going to be soldwas/were going to be done五、现在进行时They are watering the flowers.→ The flowers by them.答案：are being watered六、过去进行时He said he was repairing the shoes.→ He said the shoes .答案：were being repaired七、现在完成时He has cut down the tree.→ The tree down.答案：has been cut八、过去完成时They had found the lost boy before midnight.→ The lost boy before midnight.答案：had been found九、将来完成时Mother will have set the table by the time we come back.→ The table will by the time we come back.答案：have been set十、过去将来完成时He said he would have finished the job by then.→ He said the job by then.答案：would have been finished【四】被动语态的特殊结构形式一、带情态动词的被动结构，其形式为：情态动词+be+过去分词You can finish the work tomorrow.The work tomorrow.答案：can be finished二、含有双宾语的句子变为被动语态（原句子中有宾语）小辉辉给了向迪好多钱。
（英语）高考英语被动语态真题汇编（含答案）及解析
（英语）高考英语被动语态真题汇编(含答案)及解析一、单项选择被动语态1．Later Mrs Smith decided to buy that kind of cloth because she_________ that the cloth_________very well.A．has been told; washes B．had been told; washedC．was told; was washed D．had been told; was washed【答案】B【解析】考查时态与感官动词。
主句时态为过去时，而从句时态发生在主句之前，即过去的过去，故用过去完成时。
像feel, smell, look, wash等表示感官的动词不用被动语态，直接用主动语态，结合前面时态可知，应选washed。
句意: 随后史密斯夫人决定买那种布，因为有人告诉她那种布很好洗。
故选B。
2．I intend to buy that kind of clothes because I ____ that they _____ well.A．have told; wash B．have been told; washC．was told; washed D．have been told; are washed【答案】B【解析】考察时态。
根据题意，我想买那种衣服，因为有人告诉过我他们洗起来不错。
可知从句内容为过去已经完成的动作，故用过去完成时态。
他们洗起来不错则是一个客观存在的事实，过去存在，现在及将来都会存在，故用一般现在时态。
选B。
3．Many subway sta ons, including the one near our school, ________ at present for a be er transport in the city.A．are construc ng B．are being constructed C．is construc ng D．is being constructed 【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查动词时态语态。
(英语)高考英语高中英语被动语态解题技巧讲解及练习题(含答案)
（英语）高考英语高中英语被动语态解题技巧讲解及练习题(含答案)一、单项选择被动语态1．107．The farmer said the PLA men came to rescue timely when they _____in the snowstorm. A．were trapping B．were being trappedC．are trapping D．are being trapped【答案】B【解析】考查过去进行时的被动语态。
句意：这位农民说他们在暴风雪中被困时，解放军战士及时赶来营救。
根据题干中的said判断从句中需要与过去相关的时态；根据短语“be trapped in”排除A和C；句中表示“被暴风雪困住的时候”，故用过去进行时的被动语态，故选B。
点睛：对时态的选择，要在把握时态的基本用法的基础上，根据具体语境和题干中的时间推断时态，同时关注特殊的结构。
2．Our teacher keeps telling us that the future to the well-educated.A．belonging B．belongs C．is belonging D．is belonged【答案】B【解析】考查短语：belong to 属于，没有进行时态没有被动语态。
故答案选B。
3．It was the natural disaster, rather than human errors, that ________ for the death of so many innocent people.A．are blamed B．was to blame C．was blamed D．were to blame【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查主谓一致以及be to blame的用法。
句意：是自然灾害，而不是人为错误，应对这么多无辜人类的死亡负责。
be to blame for…表示“应受责备，应对……负责”时，固定短语，因此排除A、C项；这里强调主语the natural disaster，是一个强调句，谓语动词应与主语保持一致，即与the natural disaster保持一致，因此用was to blame，故选B项。
高考语法被动语态综合考点梳理-高三英语复习
被动语态综合考点一、定义语态通常分两种，主动语态与被动语态。
首先要明白什么是主语、谓语、宾语。
主动语态是指主语是动作的发起者/执行者，而被动语态是指主语是动作的承受者。
简言之，被动语态的主语就是同一主动语态里的宾语。
①Tom bought a book yesterday.Tom昨天买了一本书。
(主动语态)②The book was bought by Tom yesterday.这本书昨天被Tom买了。
(被动语态)二、使用语境1.当想要突出强调动作的承受者时：Tom is moved by the story.2.当没必要说出或不知道或避免提到谁是动作的执行者时：Our school was built in 1996.(没出现执行者)3.当动作的执行者是无生命的事物时：Tom was hit by the basketball.4.当宣传(广告/新闻/标题等)需要时：An English teacher needed.(注意这类情况会像口语一样有时会出现语法漏洞→突出噱头/亮点，但大家还是能意会宣传意思)三、主要结构(被动三考)1.be动词+动词过去分词+...by...(1)be动词需要注意2点(考试容易挖坑)：①考虑主语单复数，即注意主谓一致，be动词要跟随主语变化成相应形式。
The tree was planted in 2009.The trees were planted in 2009.(2)考虑时态，be动词往往就是时态的折射，在被动语态表现更甚。
The water was drunk by Tom yesterday.The water will be drunk by Tom tomorrow.2.动词过去分词动词过去分词(done)主要涉及被动语态、系表结构、完成时态，规则变化形式与过去式类似，不规则变化需要强记。
记住了就会运用了哈。
(1)行为动词过去分词规则变化①一般情况下直接加ed，如：play→played②以不发音的e结尾→加d，如：like→liked③以辅音字母加y结尾，去y为i再加ed，如：study→studied④以重读闭音节(辅元辅)结尾，双写末字母再加ed，如：plan→planned(2)行为动词过去分词不规则变化3.byby是被动三考的介词，有时候句子中会不出现。
高考英语语法被动语态归纳总结
C．will be heldD．had been held
【答案】B
【解析】
试题分析：考查句式用法。This is the first (second, third…) time +that从句，这是第一（二，三…）次…。一般来说，This is the first (second, third…) time +that从句，这个句式中that从句使用现在完成时，但是这个句子中，so far距今为止，表示现在为止这个节日庆祝活动，还没有举办，要用将来时。故选C。
14．I intend to buy that kind of clothes because I ____ that they _____ well.
A．have told; washB．have been told; wash
C．was told; washedD．have been told; are washed
高考英语语法被动语态归纳总结
一、单项选择被动语态
1．（天津）Nowadaysing, ___________ as one of the best all-round forms of exercise.
A．regardB．is regarded
A．been invitedB．been invited for
C．invited toD．been invited to
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
考查语态和固定搭配。句意：我哥哥和我被邀请参加她的生日聚会。My brother and I与invite之间是被动关系，invite sb to somewhere表示“邀请某人去某地”，故D项正确。
高考英语语法填空--被动语态六大核心考点
高考被动语态六大核心考点在英语的两种语态中，对于大多数学生而言，主动语态较易接受和理解，而被动语态则是学习和备考的重点和难点。
下面结合近年来高考题分三期来归纳一下被动语态方面的考查要点。
考点1：考查被动语态的启用与构成形式【考例】1.The hero’s story________(report) differently in the newspapers.（NMET2005全国）2. With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities ofgood earth ____( wash away) each year.(NMET2005山东卷)3. Millions of pounds’worth of damage________(cause) by astorm which swept across the north of England last night.(NMET2005重庆)4. Great changes_____( take place) in the city, and a lot offactories______(set up). (NMET)【答案解析】1. 【解析】答案was reported。
句子的主语story是动作report的被执行者，故应选用被动语态；被动语态的构成为助动词be加动词的过去分词构成。
2.【解析】答案are being washed away。
此题首先考查了主语与谓语的一致。
谓语应与quantity 的形式一致，故本题应确定为复数谓语are，且用被动语态形式；其次考查被动语态的形式，根据前文的beingdestroyed，可判定为被动进行时态。
3.【解析】答案has been caused。
Last night这一时间状语暗示动作已发生；又由于动作并非强调在一个过去时间之前就已完成，而是强调动作对现在的影响，故只能选用现在完成时的被动语态。
2024年高考英语总复习——被动语态
2024年高考英语总复习——被动语态（2023年10月）一．选择题（共19小题）1．（2023春•濠江区校级期中）These rare species are still endangered，for they ________ illegally for their valuable fur.（）A．will be hunted B．were huntedC．are being hunted D．are hunted2．（2023春•濠江区校级期中）Tom，as well as his teammates，________ for the talent show，________ makes them proud and happy.（）A．has been selected；whichB．has selected；thatC．is selected；thatD．are being selected；which3．（2023春•江门校级期中）The pen ________ well.（）A．is written B．writesC．was written D．writing4．（2023•凌河区校级开学）—When can we see the films in our town？—Not until the cinema ________ next year.（）A．builds B．will buildC．is built D．will be built5．（2023春•和平区校级期中）Delete the short message at once!Many a man _________by such tricks up to now.（）A．are taken in B．is taken inC．have been taken in D．has been taken in6．（2023春•元氏县校级期末）It's reported that many houses________ at present in the disastrous area.（）A．have built B．are builtC．are being built D．have been built7．（2023•潮阳区校级开学）—Mom，my classmates are playing outside.Can I join them？—Not until your homework __________.（）A．finishes B．is finishedC．finished D．was finished8．（2022秋•黄埔区校级期末）Since your car ________，you may use mine.（）A．is being repaired B．has been repairedC．is repairing D．is being repairing9．（2023春•西青区校级期中）Look!The building which ______now will be used as a library.（）A．is built B．to be builtC．is being built D．being built10．（2022秋•广州期末）We have to hold the meeting in the small hall because the meeting room where we planned to hold the meeting_________.（）A．is being decorated B．is decoratingC．will be decorated D．being decorated11．（2023•琼山区校级开学）With Double Reduction（双减）Policy，students _______ less homework now so that they have enough time to take part in more activities.（）A．will give B．give C．are given 12．（2023•安徽开学）During the Tang Dynasty（朝代），nearly everything produced in the world ______ on the streets of Chang' an.（）A．is found B．has been foundC．would be found D．could be found13．（2023•滨州开学）At the end of the school day，most students _____ by their parents.But I had to go back by myself.（）A．pick up B．picked upC．are picked up D．were picked up14．（2023春•吉安期末）—Oh，I cannot stand the traffic here!—Me either.What's worse，20 accidents ________ in this crossing already this month.（）A．will be reported B．was being reportedC．have been reported D．had been reported15．（2023•温江区校级开学）Sharks should __________ to keep the balance of ecosystem.（）A．be protected B．protectC．have protected16．（2022秋•黄埔区校级期末）So far，every possible means ________ to meet the highest possible standard.（）A．are being tried B．is being triedC．has been tried D．have been tried17．（2023春•花都区校级期中）Look!A nice picture ____ for our teacher.（）A．is drawing B．is being drawnC．have been drawn D．draws18．（2022秋•津南区校级期末）My father's newly﹣written novel ______ into three foreign languages by the end of last month.（）A．has translated B．had translatedC．has been translated D．had been translated19．（2022秋•津南区校级期末）Unfortunately，Tom's computer as well as two bags，______ on the bus yesterday.（）A．have been stolen B．has been stolenC．was stolen D．were stolen二．词性转换（共1小题）20．（2023春•花都区期中）Teaching in the countryside has allowed him to witness the progress which （make）in compulsory education over the past decade. （所给词的适当形式填空）2024年高考英语复习新题速递之被动语态（2023年10月）参考答案与试题解析一．选择题（共19小题）1．（2023春•濠江区校级期中）These rare species are still endangered，for they ________ illegally for their valuable fur.（）A．will be hunted B．were huntedC．are being hunted D．are hunted【考点】现在进行时的被动语态．【答案】C【分析】这些稀有物种仍然处于濒危状态，因为人们为了获取珍贵的皮毛而非法猎杀它们。
高考英语被动语态用法总结(完整)
高考英语被动语态用法总结(完整)一、单项选择被动语态1．Are you going to attend the meeting ________ next Saturday?A．holding B．holdC．to hold D．to be held【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查动词不定式一般式的被动式作后置定语。
句意：你要参加下星期六举行的会议吗?根据next Saturday可知，事情还未发生，the meeting和hold之间是一种被动关系，所以用动词不定式一般式的被动式作后置定语，且表示将来。
故选D。
2．一When shall we start the restoration of the historic buildings?一Not until our plan________ by the committee．A．will be approved B．approvesC．is to approve D．has been approved【答案】D【解析】这题考查时态语态，our plan和approve是被动关系，用被动，选择A或D。
A项是一般将来时，not until引导的是时间状语从句，不能用将来时，可以用一般现在时或现在完成时，选D。
3．The affairs of each country should be by its own people.A．elected B．settledC．developed D．contained【答案】B【解析】考查动词。
句意为：各国事务应由自己国家的人们解决。
由句意可知，选settle，意为“解决”。
elect选举；develop 发展；contain 包含，控制。
故选B。
4．Her own story ________ and this book is expected to come out next week.A．had been written B．has been writtenC．had written D．has written【答案】B【解析】句意：她自己的故事已经被写出来了，这部书有望下周出版。
高考英语语法-被动语态
高考英语语法-被动语态语态(Voice)，作为一个语法范畴，是表示主语和动词之间的主动或被动关系的动词行式。
英语动词有两种语态：主动语态(Active Voice)和被动语态(Passive Voice)。
当主语为动作执行者即施动者时，动词用主动态；如果主语是动作的承受者即受动者时，动词便用被动态。
例如：(1) John helped Peter.(2) Peter was helped by John.句(1) helped是主动态；句(2)was helped是被动态,可见主动态是无标记的，而被动态是有标记的。
构成被动语态由助动词be的时态之一和及物动词的过去分词构成。
被动语态可用于各种时态，其时态变化通过助动词be的不同形式来体现。
如：一般现在时的被动态构成形式为助动词am/is/are + 过去分词；而一般过去时的被动态构成形式为was/were + 过去分词。
本册要掌握的被动语态形式有：一般现在时：am/is/are + 过去分词e.g. Football is played all over the world.I’m often asked to do this work.我常常被派做这项工作。
一般过去时：was/were +过去分词e.g. The terracotta warriors were found in 1974 near Xi’an.They were discovered by workers in a field outside the city.When was the building completed?这座大楼什么时候建成的？一般将来时：will (shall) + be +过去分词be going to + be + 过去分词e.g. The result of the exam will be known soon.They are going to be given a difficult test.一般过去将来时：should(would) be+过去分词e.g. The teacher said the results would be published soon.He told me that the film would be shown the next week.现在进行时：am/is/are + being +过去分词e.g. The new airport is being built by a foreign company.一家外国公司正在承建这座新机场。
高考英语语法专题备考课件-被动语态
________ by the British in 1770.
A．was claimed C．was claiming B．claimed D．has been claimed
解析：由句意：自1606年被荷兰探险者发现之后，澳 大利亚东半部分在1770年宣布为英国所有，知答案选A。 答案：A
必修二
必修二
英语
高考总复习人教版
解析：句意：——为什么我们不选择走那条路以节省时 间呢？——因为去那条路的桥正在修理中。题目考查了现在
进行时的被动语态作谓语。桥与修理存在被动关系，而且
根据句子语境要求采用进行时态。 答案：C
必修二
英语
高考总复习人教版
⑧(湖南)Would you please keep silent？The weather report ________ and I want to listen.
必修二
英语
高考总复习人教版
1.一般现在时：You are ordered to do it.
这样考过
①(南京调研)The temperature will fall sharply the day after tomorrow，when a snowstorm ________ to strike our area. A.expects B．has expected
解析：句意：他妹妹在1998年离开家，从那以后就没 了音讯。根据句意，指的是过去离开以后，到现在一直没
音讯，故用现在完成时；hear of 与his sister 在本句中为被
动关系，故用被动语态，所以选B。 答案：B
必修二
英语
高考总复习人教版
7．过去完成时：When we went to the cinema，the
高考英语语法复习-语态(被动语态)
被动语态
概述：
高考中，被动语态的考察通常是跟时态紧密结合的。
考生需要在透彻理解被动语态含义的基础上，注意其与各种时态的结合。
、
知识点梳理：
I 语态含义：语态是动词的一种形式，用来说明句中主语和谓语动词的关系的。
1）主语——谓语动词主语是谓语动词的发出者主动语态
2）主语——谓语动词主语是谓语动词的承受者被动语态
II 被动语态的构成Be + done
<注> 在使用中，还有一种形式：get + done。
两者的区别（get更强调行为的过程，be 侧重说明一种状态）例：My little brother got scolded. 我的小弟弟受到了训斥。
The twins were caught in the rain. 这对双胞胎淋了雨。
<注> 一般都是用by来引出动作的实施者（主动语态的主语）。
但有时，也会使用with，强调手段，方式，工具例：The cat was killed by a heavy stone. 猫被（掉下来的）大石头砸死了。
The cat was killed with a heavy stone. 猫被（人用）大石头砸死了。
VI 被动语态的时态问题
VII 被动语态的注意事项
1.与情态动词的连用情态动词+be done
You might be asked to speak at the meeting.
These books may be appreciated better by older children.
3.主动表被动的情况。
英语被动语态形式
英语被动语态形式
一、被动语态的构成
被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。
人称、时态和数的变化是由be来体现的。
二、被动语态的用法
1.不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者时，常用被动语态。
常用于文字说明、
小说等。
2.当动作的执行者不是句子主语时，尤其是执行者含糊不清，或者没有必要
说明动作的执行者时使用被动语态。
3.强调动作的承受者时，常用被动语态。
尤其是在“by+动作执行者”的结构
中，常使用被动语态。
4.在一些表示愿望、请求、建议、要求、禁止、劝告等的动词后面所带的宾
语从句中，常用被动语态。
5.一些表达客观事实或普遍真理的句子要用被动语态。
三、主动语态变为被动语态的方法
1.将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。
2.将谓语变成被动结构(be+过去分词)。
3.将主动结构中的主语移到句尾，变成by的宾语。
四、需要注意的问题
1.含有双宾语的主动结构变为被动结构时，可将其中任何一个宾语变为主语，
另一个宾语仍放在句尾，也可将两个宾语均变为主语。
但人们通常将to sb.
/sth. 保留在句末。
2.在主动结构中，如果省略主语，有时会造成被动词组无动作执行者的情况，
这时成为无主语句(即被动结构)。
高考英语被动语态详解1
3. 一般将来时：
They will send cars abroad by sea. Cars will be sent abroad by sea. They will give plenty of jobs to school-leavers. Plenty of jobs will be given to school-leavers. 4. 过去将来时： The manager said they would complete the project by the end of the year. The manager said the project would be completed by the end of the year. The workers told me they would mend the car as soon as possible. The workers told me that the car would be mended as soon as possible.
(二) 被动语态的时态、人称和数的变化
主要体现在be的变化上，其形式与系动词be的变化形式完全 一样。以give 为例，列表如下： 一般现在时： am / is / are + given 一般过去时： was / were +given 一般将来时： shall / will +be+ given 现在进行时： am / is / are + being + given 现在完成时： have / has + been + given 过去完成时： had + been + given 过去进行时： was / were + being + given 过去将来时： should / would +be+ given 将来完成时： shall / will + have been + given 过去将来完成时： should / would + have been + given ［注］被动语态没有将来进行时和过去将来进行时。
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（英语）高考英语总复习--被动语态一、单项选择被动语态1．When I got to his house, I found that the walls _____ .A．are being painted B．are paintingC．were being painted D．were painting【答案】C【解析】考查过去进行时态的被动语态。
句意：当我到达他家的时候，我发现墙正在被粉刷。
根据句意可知用过去进行时态的被动语态，故选C。
2．I intend to buy that kind of clothes because I ____ that they _____ well.A．have told; wash B．have been told; washC．was told; washed D．have been told; are washed【答案】B【解析】考察时态。
根据题意，我想买那种衣服，因为有人告诉过我他们洗起来不错。
可知从句内容为过去已经完成的动作，故用过去完成时态。
他们洗起来不错则是一个客观存在的事实，过去存在，现在及将来都会存在，故用一般现在时态。
选B。
3．8 students and 2 teachers at Santa Fe High School by a 17-year-student armed with a shotgun and a pistol. This is one of the many gun-related tragedies that have happened in the last 2 years.A．killed B．were killedC．have killed D．have been killed【答案】B【解析】考查被动语态。
句意：在圣塔菲高中，一名17岁的学生手持猎枪和一把手枪，在圣塔菲高中杀害了8名学生和2名教师。
8 students and 2 teachers是句子主语，复数形式，和kill之间是被动关系，再根据in the last 2 years.可知这是最近两年发生的与枪有关的事故之一，可知这是在讲过去的事情，所以句子用一般过去时态的被动语态，故答案为B。
4．Usually Beijing Roast Duck _____ together with special pancakes, green onions and sweet sauce.A．was served B．will serveC．is served D．served【答案】C【解析】考查时态和被动语态。
句意：通常北京烤鸭配上特制的薄煎饼、青葱和甜酱。
句子说的是一般情况，要用一般现在时态；句子主语Beijing Roast Duck是单数第三人称，和谓语动词serve之间是被动关系，所以推知句子要用一般现在时态的被动语态，故答案为C。
5．—Have you moved into the new house?—Not yet. It ________.A．has been built B．was builtC．is being built D．had been built【答案】C【解析】考查动词的时态和语态。
句意：——你搬进新家了吗？——仍旧没有，它仍旧正在建设。
根据语境可知，It指代上文提到的the new house，是第三人称单数，与built是被动关系，用被动语态，结合句意，built这一动作表示正在进行的动作。
故选C。
6．Oral English exams _______ in China twice a year to give more chances to the students. A．has held B．will be heldC．will hold D．has been held【答案】B【解析】考查时态和语态。
句意：英语口语考试将在中国每年举行两次，为的是给学生更多的机会。
句中主语Oral English exams和动词hold是被动关系，表示动作将要进行不是完成，排除D，故选B。
7．Chinese kites in ancient times ________ in the shape of birds.A．design B．had designedC．were designed D．have been designed【答案】C【解析】考查时态和语态。
句意：在古代中国的风筝被设计成鸟的形状。
根据in ancient times可知，句子用一般过去时态，根据动词与主语是被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态，故选C。
8．It’s reported that China will not buy the Euro debt until some thorough research . A．has been done B．will have been doneC．will be done D．had been done【答案】A【解析】试题分析：考查时态及语态。
句意：据报道，直到一些彻底的调查研究被做出以后，中国才会买进欧盟债务，含有not ..until的状语从句，主句一般将来，从句表示已经做过研究之后，所以用完成时表示，研究与做之间又是被动关系，由此综合两者，A正确。
考点：考查时态及语态9．—Have you heard of yesterday's gas explosion?—Yes. Only two of the 35 miners at the scene ________ to have made it out safely.A．have thought B．are thoughtC．had thought D．were thought【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查时态语态。
句意：——你听说昨天的瓦斯爆炸了吗?——是的，在现场的35名矿工中，只有两名被认为安全获救。
此处指现在只有2个人被认为安全获救，用一般现在时的被动语态，故选B.10．107．The farmer said the PLA men came to rescue timely when they _____in the snowstorm.A．were trapping B．were being trappedC．are trapping D．are being trapped【答案】B【解析】考查过去进行时的被动语态。
句意：这位农民说他们在暴风雪中被困时，解放军战士及时赶来营救。
根据题干中的said判断从句中需要与过去相关的时态；根据短语“be trapped in”排除A和C；句中表示“被暴风雪困住的时候”，故用过去进行时的被动语态，故选B。
点睛：对时态的选择，要在把握时态的基本用法的基础上，根据具体语境和题干中的时间推断时态，同时关注特殊的结构。
11．This is one of the highest buildings that _____ in our city recently.A．has been built B．buildC．have been built D．have built【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查现在完成时态的被动语态。
句意：这是最近我们城市建设的众多最高的建筑中的一座。
此处the highest buildings是先行词，指物，复数形式，且和build之间是被动关系，再根据recently所以句子用现在完成时态的被动语态，故选C。
12．—Do you know why a meeting by the middle school teachers last Sunday?—To demand smaller classes of no more than 25 to 30 students in each class.A．was held B．had been heldC．has held D．held【答案】A【解析】考查动词的时态和语态。
meeting是hold逻辑上的宾语，故用被动语态，再由时间状语last Sunday可知用一般过去时。
故选A。
句意：——你知道为什么上星期日中学老师召开会议吗？——要求更小班，每个班不超过25-30个学生。
13．If we had taken such effective measures much earlier, the river so seriously now. A．is not polluted B．would not be pollutedC．had not been polluted D．would not have been polluted【答案】B【解析】选B句意：如果我们早采取有力措施，现在河水就不会污染这么严重。
主句表示与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，用would加动词原形。
14．Now the world’s attention ________ the stocking markets, as they have great influence on the world’s economy.A．is fixing on B．is being fixed onC．has fixed on D．had been fixed on【答案】B【解析】考查时态语态。
句意：现在世界关注的焦点都在股票市场上，因为它们对世界经济已经产生了很大的影响。
attention与focus之间为被动关系，Now提示用现在进行时。
15．Later Mrs Smith decided to buy that kind of cloth because she_________ that the cloth_________very well.A．has been told; washes B．had been told; washedC．was told; was washed D．had been told; was washed【答案】B【解析】考查时态与感官动词。
主句时态为过去时，而从句时态发生在主句之前，即过去的过去，故用过去完成时。
像feel, smell, look, wash等表示感官的动词不用被动语态，直接用主动语态，结合前面时态可知，应选washed。
句意: 随后史密斯夫人决定买那种布，因为有人告诉她那种布很好洗。
故选B。
16．Her own story ________ and this book is expected to come out next week.A．had been written B．has been writtenC．had written D．has written【答案】B【解析】句意：她自己的故事已经被写出来了，这部书有望下周出版。