英语翻译之高级口译技巧
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英语翻译之高级口译技巧
口译是英语翻译的一个重要技能,口译的技巧有句式调整,断句和巧用连词,调整顺序,转换词性等,比如通过转换词性,可以把名词转为动词,或者把被动句调整为主动语态。。下面就和大家分享口译技巧,希望能够帮助到大家,来欣赏一下吧。
口译技巧
1、句式调整
同传在词语的翻译上可以做到地道和相对准确,但句子结构不可能像交传那样按照中文的句式习惯组织安排,对于英汉传译,往往需要采用英语句式的顺序:
【例】Frankly, ideas and goods will travel around the globe with or without our help.
【译】坦率地讲,思想和商品都将会在全球流通,不管有没有我们的帮助。
2、断句和巧用连词
处理长句是同传的基本功之一。翻译长句,除了断成译群外,还有一个关键要掌握,即英文句子之所以长是因为要避免重复使
用同一个词,于是用who、which、that 来代替主语或宾语,使得句子很长,而在中文中就不怕重复使用。
【例】That is the single monetary policy which will be discussed at the next European Union conference.
【译】那就是单一货币政策// 该政策将在下一届欧盟会议上讨论。
为了保证译出语的连贯性和准确性,同传时尽量使用译入语的文法结构,在将其断为多个句群后可以使用一些润滑剂,即连词,将单个的句群联系起来。
3、调整顺序
在一些有after和before的句子中可以将其反说,比如:
【例】I would like to make one point clear before I move on to the next point.
【译】我想先澄清一下,然后再讲下一部分。
【例】I would like to move on to the next part after I clarify one point.
【译】我想谈下一部分,在这之前先澄清一点。
4、转换词性
☆名词转动词
【例】the development and application of new telecom service 【译】如果听到整句主语后才开始切入翻译会稍显滞后,此时可以试着将这些名词译成动词,这样其实也符合英语的表达方式。可译为:开发和运用新的电信业务。
【例】In China, the full opening up and the profound reform in the public services areas to the foreign encounter parts greatly give impetus to the development of the tertiary industry.
【译】可将此句译成:在中国,全面开放和深化改革公共服务领域,并将其向国外同行开放,这会极大推动第三产业的发展。
还有一些同类表达:
clear evidence of 清楚地表明
give impetus to 有力地推动
an obvious violation of 显然违反了
☆被动转主动
英语中大量使用被动句,目的主要是为了强调或者平衡句子结构。这种表达方式与汉语有较大差别,造成翻译英语中的被动
语态时比较吃力,特别是当句子主语较长时,在这种情况下,建议将语态由被动转成主动,往往会有柳暗花明之感:【例】Arrangement must be made to guarantee the basic life necessities could be available to the people in the earthquake hit areas.
【译】必须做出安排……
【译】China’s diplomatic practice is seriously guided by the five principles of mutual peaceful coexistence.
【译】中国的外交活动是严格遵循原则的,即和平共处五项原则。
5、及时调整错误
一般来说,在同传中不会有回过头来重新改正自己错误的可能性,但也不绝对,所以,如果具备了改错空间,当然提倡有错必改。
调整是同声翻译中的校译过程,是译员根据接收到的新内容调整信息、纠正错译、补充漏译的重要环节。如英语中的时间、地点状语等大多出现在句尾,在使用“顺句驱动”翻译时,会出现译完主句又出现状语的情况。
2020年翻译资格考试一级笔译英译汉练习题
Climate Change: A Race We Must Win
We face a new era of climate crisis. July 2019 is the hottest month on record, and we are on track for 20XX to 2019 to be the five hottest years in human history. The level of CO2 in the atmosphere is at its highest point in human history; climate-related devastations strike more often than ever, with droughts, hurricanes, heatwaves and landslides regularly attacking our planet, bringing high tolls and casualties, causing huge economic loss to countries and to individuals, particularly affecting the most vulnerable in societies. The latest report of UN Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific shows that natural disasters in the region are currently responsible for economic losses of up to US$675 billion annually and affecting close to 150 million people.考生如果怕自己错过考试成绩查询的话,可以免费预约短信提醒,届时会以短信的方式提醒大家报名和考试时间。
The clock is ticking. According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, we need to collectively ensure that global temperature rise does not go beyond 1.5 degrees. This means we must reduce emissions by 45 percent by 2030 and achieve carbon neutrality by 2050. Such goals might seem too ambitious, but climate change is not a standalone issue that can be ignored given