【语法讲解】英语Unit1Art-虚拟语气的用法

【语法讲解】英语Unit 1Art-虚拟语气的用法
一、虚拟条件句
虚拟语气在条件句中可表示与现在事实相反、与过去事实相反及与将来事实相反的情况，不同时间的虚拟条件句采用不同的谓语形式。

1. 与现在事实相反。

主句的谓语动词用“情态动词的过去式（should / would / could / might）+ 动词原形”；从句的谓语动词用过去式，如果谓语动词是be，则一律用were。

如：
We would go with you if we had time. 如果我们有时间，我们就跟你去。

If she were living a hard life, you should be responsible for it. 要是她生活艰难的话，你应该对此负责。

If I were you, I would never give it up. 我要是你的话，我绝不会放弃。

2. 与过去事实相反。

主句的谓语动词用“情态动词的过去式（should / would / could / might）+ have + 过去分词”；从句的谓语动词用过去完成时，即“had + 过去分词”。

如：
If I had seen him yesterday, I would have asked him for help. 如果我昨天看见他了，我就会向他寻求帮助。

If you had come earlier, you would have met him. 如果你早一点
来，你已经见到他了。

3. 与将来事实相反。

主句的谓语动词用“情态动词的过去式（should / would / could / might）+ 动词原形”；从句的谓语动词可酌情用：1)一般过去时；2) should + 动词原形（表示可能性较大）；3) were to + 动词原形（表示可能性较小）。

如：
If it rained (were to rain / should rain) tomorrow, they would not go out. 如果明天下雨，他们就不会外出。

If I were to do the work, I should do it in a different way. 要是我做这项工作，我会以不同的方式做。

【语法讲解】英语Unit 1Art-虚拟语气的用法加强练
一、用括号内所给动词的适当形式完成下列句子。

1. If there were no water in the world, everything _____ (die).
2. If I _____ (be) you, I _____ (pay) more attention to English idioms and phrases.
3. I don’t know the word. If I _____ (know) the meaning of it, I wouldn’t have to look it up.
二、单句改错。

1. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it has broken.
2. Were it rain tomorrow, we should have to put off the visit to the Yangpu Bridge.
3. If my daughter hadn’t been so busy, she would come to help you.
4. Should there be a meeting tomorrow, the secretary would have attended it in my place.
三、单项填空。

1. _____ today, he would arrive there tomorrow.
A. Was he leaving
B. Were he to leave
C. Will he leave
D. If he leaves
2. _____, I would take an umbrella with me.
A. Had I been you
B. I were you
C. Were I you
D. I had been you
3. I don’t think that I shall fail, but if I _____, I would try again.
A. fail
B. would fail
C. should fail
D. had failed
【语法讲解】英语Unit 1Art-虚拟语气的用法小练：一、1. would die
2. were; would pay
3. knew
二、1. has→were 2. Were→Would
3. hadn't been→were not
4. have attended→attend 三、1—3 BCC。