浅析sothat与so……that的不同用法

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浅析so that与so……that的不同用法

在英语中,so that与so……that都可以引导状语从句,前者意为“为的是”或“结果是”。后者意为“如此……以致……”。

现对它们的基本用法简析如下:

一、so that引导目的状语从句

1.so that引导目的状语从句时,意为“为了,以便”,这时的so that可用in order that来替换。

(1)She dresses like that so that (in order that)everyone will notice her.(她那样的穿戴是为了引起人人的注意)注:so that和in order that所引导的目的状语从句被强调时习惯置于句首,如:

(2)So that the coming generation can learn the martial arts,he has recently devoted much time to writing books on the subject.(为了下一代能够学会这些武术,他近来花了许多时间著书)。

2.so that引导的目的状语从句,也可以用in order to+V 或in order not to+V改写。例如:

(1)Mike bought a camera so that he could take many pictures in summer→Mike bought a camera in order to take

many pictures in summer.(迈克买了照相机,为的是夏天他能照许多的照片。)

(2)He went over what he had written again and again so that he couldn’t make any mistakes.→He went over what he had written again and again in order not to make any mistakes.(他一遍又一遍地检查他的写作,为的是不出任何错误。)

3.so that引导结果状语从句可以转换为“so……that”的句式。如:

Liu Hai ran very fast,so that he was the winner of the boy’s 1000-metre race.(刘海跑得很快,结果成了男子1000米赛跑的获胜者。)

→Liu Hai ran so fast that he was the winner of the boy’s 1000-metre race(刘海跑得如此的快,以至于成了男子1000米赛跑的获胜者。)

注:so that引导的从句是目的状语从句还是结果状语从句,可以从以下两点加以区分。

(1)that从句中含有can、may、would等,且so that 前面没有逗号将其与主句隔开时,这种状语从句表示目的。如上述例句1。

(2)that从句中没有情态动词,且so前面有逗号将其与主句隔开,尤其是句中用一般过去式或过去完成时,这种从句通常表示结果。

二、so……that引导的结果状语从句so……that中的so 为副词起加强语气的作用

1.如果so前面是be、become、feel等系动词,So的后面是形容词。

例如:He was so angry that he couldn’t go to school.(他年龄太小不能去上学)。He became so angry that he couldn’t speak.(他气得连话都说不出来了。)注意:这种用法通常可以分以下四种情况。

(1)so+adj+that…….例如:He was so excited that he couldn’t go to sleep.(他兴奋得睡不着觉)。

(2)so+adj+a/an+单数可数名词+that……例如:It was so busy a day that we didn’t go shopping.那天很忙,我们没有去购物。

(3)so+many/few+复数可数名词+that……例如:There were so many shoes in the shop that I couldn’t decide which pair to buy.(商店里的鞋子太多,我决定不去买那一双。)(4)so+much/little+不可数名词+that……例如:There was so much rain last spring that the corn didn’t +grow well.(去年春天雨水太多,庄稼长得不好。)

2.如果so前面是行为动词,那么so后面常跟副词,常用在“…….so+adv+that…….”的句式中。

例如:He speaks so loudly that the people at back could

hear him clearly.(他说话声音很大,以致坐在后面的人们能清楚听到。)

She worked so quietly that no one knew he was there.(他静静地工作着,以致没有人知道他在哪里。)

注:在so……hat构成的主从复合句中,如果从句为否定句时,可以用“too+adj.to+V”或“not enough to+V”结构将主从复合句转换为简单句,如果从句为肯定句,则可以用“enough to+V”结构将主从复合句转换为简单句。

例如:The basket is so heavy that we can’t carry it.(这个篮子太重,以至于我们搬不动它。)→The basket is too heavy for us to carry it.(这个篮子太重了,我们搬不动。)→The basket isn’t light enought for us to carry it.(对我们来说这个篮子不足够轻。)

Sothat与so…that有所不同,前者用来引导目的状语从句或结果状语从句。引导目的状语从句,so that意为“为的是”或“以便”;引导状语从句时,so that意为“结果是”。

例如:We have planed many trees so that they will stop the wind from blowing the earth away.(我们种了很多树,为的是阻止风把土刮走。)

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