高中英语常用词缀词根及示例

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胡老师讲义
常见后缀 -dom 表地位.身分.领域.条件.状况 例: freedom, kingdom, wisdom, boredom -hood 表状态.地位.特征 例: childhood, brotherhood, motherhood, neighborhood -ness 表状态.性质 例: happiness, likeness, sadness, weakness, darkness, goodness -ship 表性质.情况.地位.身分 例: friendship, hardship, leadership, ownership, scholarship -er,ar,or,ist,ant 表做某事的人 (n) assistant 例: painter, beggar, sailor, lawyer, liar, scientist, assistant, consultant -d, -ed 后构成形 (过分形式) (adj) 加在名等后构成形 例: aged, sleilled, talented, broken, golden-haired -en (v) 由...做成的 例: wooden, woolen, waxen, oaken -fold (n) 表倍数 例: twofold, fivefold -ful 充满....的.富有....的 (adj ) 例: cheerful, doubtful, harmful, skilful, hopeful, fruitful -ish 如...的.似...的.有...性质的 (adj ) 例: boyish, girlish, selfish, blmish, blackish, greenish -less 无...的.不...的 (adj ) 例: fearless, harmless, hopeless, helpless, endless, aimless, needless -like 如.. ..的.似...的 (adj ) 例: dreamlike, warlike, fatherlike, starlike -ly (adj. adv ) 如...的.有...性质的;加在形后构成副 例: manly, homely, lovely, friendly, kingly, widely, badly -some 如...的.似 的.有...性质的 (adj ) 例: tiresome, troublesome, burelensome -ward (adv ) 向...的.朝...的 eastward, outward, unward, backward, forward, westward 例: 例: windy, shady, muddy, icy, healthy, wealthy -en (及物动词后缀)(使)成为,(使)变得更 (v ) 例: harden, shorten, deepen, sharpen, strengthen, frighten, widen -age 行为,情况,总称 (n ) 例: marriage, usage, percentage, advantage -ance, ancy,ence,ency行为,行为结果,状态,性质 (n ) 例: abundance, guidance, excellence, frequency -ice 构成抽象名词表行为.状态.性质 (n ) 例: practice, cowardice, service -ment 行为,行为的结果.手段.状态 (n ) 例: payment, agreement, employment, improvement, equipment excitement, judgement -ion -tude -ty -ure -y -ette, -let -al -ary -able, -ible -ic -ive -ate -fy -ize, -ise 行为.结果.状态 (n ) 例: creation, pollution, expansion, foundation, invitation, interpretation 表情况.性质 (n ) 例: gratitude, longitude, multitude, solitude 状态.性质 例: beauty, loyalty, safety, certainty (n ) 行为(结果).状态 (n ) 例: failure, mixture, closure, moisture 情况,能力 (n ) 例: recovery, modesty, misery, mastery 小 (n ) 例: cassette, cigarette, tablet, booklet 属于...的 (a ) 例: personal, musical, global, govemmental 与...相关的,属于...的 (a ) 例: secondary, elementary, planetary 能...的,可...的 (adj ) 例: desirable, agreeable, lovable, comfortable, possible, responsible 属于...的 (adj ) 例: civic, academic, graphic 有...倾向的 (adj ) 例: active, massive, constructive 做,造,成,使成分 (v ) 例: fascinate, decorate, evaporate 使成为 (v ) 例: identify, purify, simplify, electrify, qualify (使 )成为(及物v后缀) (v ) 例: realize, mechanize, criticise
胡老师ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้义
常用词缀及示例
前缀及部分常用词根 a1. 表语性形容词 2. 加强意义 3. 在 “in, at, on” 例: awake, aware, arise, arouse, aboard, abroad, ahead, alike, alive, asleep fore beforehand, front, before 先,前,预 例: forecast, forefinger, forehead, foremost, foresee mis坏,恶,误 例: misfortune, mislead, mistake, misunderstand, misuse out超出,在外,出外,胜过,超过 例: outbreak, outcome, outlet, outline, outlook, output, outnumber over过度,越过; 颠倒, 反转, 在上 例: overall, overcoat, overhead, overthrow, overcome, overseas un不,无, 做相反的动作, 移开,消除 例: unable, unbearable, uncertain, uncover, unfit, unknown, unfold, unfair unnecessary, unwilling, unlike, unlock, unpleasant under在…下, 低于, 不足 例: underdeveloped, undergo, understand, underground, underlie, underwear ab-, a脱离,离开,离去 例: abnormal, abortion, absent, abuse bi二,两,重 例: biennial, bimonthly, bilingual semi半 例: semiannual, semimonthly, semicircle circum-,circu周围,环 例: circumstance, circuit, circulate, circle, circulation com共同 例: collaborate, collect, co-operate, corporation, company contra-, counter反,相对 例: contrast, controversial, counter, counteract, contradiction de出,离;向下,贬低 例:depreciate (比:appreciate), degrade, destroy dis-, di-, dif离, 分开;不,无;动作的相反或取消 例: disabled, dissuade, differ, disappear, disagree, dislike, disadvantage inter在…之间, 相互 例: interaction, interfere, international, interrupt, interview ex-, e-, ef出外, 除去,完全 例: emigrate, exclude, exhibition, expand in-, im内,向内, 入 例: immigrate, include, imprison, indoors extra以外,超过 例: extra, extraordinary in-, im不,无, 非 例: impossible, illegal, illogical, inaccurate, irregular, impatient preresubsuper-, surtrans-, traautoequform min-, miniport pressspecvid-, visbi-, biogeogram logcap-, capitcent(i) 先,前,超 例: precaution, preface, prefer, preview, prewar 回,后退;再,又 例: remind, rewrite, react, replace, review, reveal, refine, recall 在…之下;低于,秘密地 例: subconscious, suffice, suppress,substandard, subsurface, subdivide 上,超 例: superficial, surface, surplus, supermarket, superman, supernatural 跨越,转,传 例: transatlantic, transform, transmit, transport, tyadition, translate 自己 例: automatic, automobile, autonomous, autonormy, 均,平等 例: equal, equality, equator 形式 formal, conform, deform, unform, reform, uniform 较小,较少 例: minor, minute, miniature, minority, minus 持,拿,运 例: portable, porter, export, import, support, transport 压 例: pressure, compress, express, impress 看 例: spectacle, aspect, expect, inspect, prospect, respect 看,看见 例: visible, vision, visual, evident, revise, visa, visitor, video 生命,生物 例: biochemistry, biography, biology 地,地球 例: geography, geometry, geology 写,图形 例: graph, program, photograph, telegram 言语,推理 例: logic, logical, apology, apologize, dialogue, monologue 头 例: cap, capital, captain, caption 百,百分之一 例: cent, century, centigrade, centimetre
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