虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的构成和用法

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虚拟语气的用法

虚拟语气的用法

虚拟语气的用法虚拟语气用来表示说话人所说的话并不是事实,而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。

该语法主要用于if 条件状语从句中,也可用于主语从句、表语从句和宾语从句等。

1. if 条件状语从句中虚拟语气的判断。

if 条件状语从句有真实条件句和非真实条件句。

假设条件可以实现的句子为真实条件句,反之为非真实条件句,要用虚拟语气。

其形式分为以下三种:(1) 与现在事实相反的假设。

结构为:从句的谓语动词用过去式,系动词用were,主句的谓语用should (would, could, might) + 动词原形。

例如:If I were in your position, I would marry her. 如果我是你,我就娶她为妻。

(2) 与过去事实相反的假设。

结构为:从句的谓语动词用had + 过去分词,主句用should (would, could, might) + have + 过去分词。

例如:If it had not rained so hard yesterday, we could have played tennis. 如果昨天没有下大雨,我们就能玩网球了。

(3) 与将来事实相反的假设。

结构为:从句的谓语动词用should (were to) + 动词原形,主句用should(would, could, might) + 动词原形。

例如:If you should miss the chance, you would feel sorry for it.如果你错过了这次机会,你会难过的。

2. 宾语从句中的虚拟语气。

(1) wish后接宾语从句中的虚拟语气:根据从句的意义来判断。

A: 表示与现在和将来事实相反的愿望,从句谓语动词用过去时态。

例如:I wish they were not so late. 要是他们来得不是这么晚就好了。

B: 表示与过去事实相反的愿望,从句谓语动词用过去完成时态。

虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法(if条件句)

虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法(if条件句)

在写作中的应用
创作文学作品中
在创作小说、诗歌等文学作品时, 虚拟语气可以用来表达虚构的情 节和角色情感,增强作品的情感
色彩和艺术效果。
撰写学术论文
在撰写学术论文时,使用虚拟语 气可以表达假设的情景或条件, 例如在讨论不同政策或方案的影
响时。
写邮件和信件
在写邮件或信件时,使用虚拟语 气可以表达礼貌和尊重,例如在
在撰写商务广告和宣传材料时,使用虚拟语气可以增强语 言的感染力和说服力,例如“假如您正在寻找更好的产品 ,那么您来对了地方。”
感谢您的观看
THANKS
if条件句中的虚拟语气与时间状语从句的时态不一致
总结词
当if条件句中的虚拟语气与时间状语从句的时态不一致 时,通常是为了强调或表达与时间状语从句相反的情 况。
详细描述
在英语语法中,当if条件句中的虚拟语气与时间状语从 句的时态不一致时,通常是为了强调或表达与时间状语 从句相反的情况。这种用法能够使句子更加生动和富有 表现力,突出说话者对某个特定时间点的态度或情感。 例如,在句子"If I had known the answer yesterday, I would have told you."中,虚拟语气"had known" 与时间状语从句的时态"yesterday"不一致,强调了说 话者对过去的遗憾或后悔。
虚拟语气在条件状语从 句中的用法(if条件句)
目录
CONTENTS
• 虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的基本结构 • 虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法 • 虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的特殊情况 • 虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的实际应用
01 虚拟语气在条件状语从句 中的基本结构

would虚拟语气的用法

would虚拟语气的用法

would虚拟语气的用法虚拟语气是指从句中用“would+动词原形”表示与现在事实相反的假设或愿望,意为“将会”、“要是”、“应该”等。

通常情况下,主句用一般现在时,从句用“would+动词原形”构成虚拟语气。

1. 条件状语从句条件状语从句中,主句常用的时态有一般现在时、一般过去时、动词“should”等,从句中使用虚拟语气:如果我是你,我就接受他的建议。

-- If I were you, I would accept his advice.如果昨天他没来,今天将会发生什么?-- What would have happened if he hadnot come yesterday?目的状语从句由conjunction “in order that”或“so that”引导,主句用一般现在时,从句由“would”引导的虚拟语气结构构成:他特意提前到,是为了不迟到。

-- He made special arrangements to arriveearly so that he would not be late.3. 形容词或副词表示否定意义的形容词或副词,如“hardly, scarcely, rarely, rarely”等后往往跟would引导的虚拟语气:他几乎不会及时到达。

-- He would rarely arrive in time.4. 名词5. 动词动词should后一般接would引导的虚拟语气:我想你应该离开.--I think you should leave.情态动词afterwards通常用来表示推断,尤其客观实际的事实,用法为“would +动词原形”:7. 非谓语动词“Would + 动词原形”用作非谓语时,尤指动词不定式、动名词、形容词或副词:他们不向任何人披露他的秘密。

--They wouldn’t tell anyone about hissecret.(动名词片语)他估计要不了多久,他便把这个消息告诉大家了。

虚拟语气在条件从句中的用法

虚拟语气在条件从句中的用法

虚拟语气在条件从句中的用法一、虚拟语气在条件从句中的用法(一)形式注:1.在从句中,be动词多用were的形式。

在口语中,如果主语是第一、第三人称单数的话,be动词可用was,但人们总是说:If I were you...2.主句中的谓语可以由would,should,could和might这四个不同的情态动词来构成。

3.与将来事实相反的条件从句中,谓语有三种不同的形式:过去式、were +to do或should +do。

例句1:If I were you,I would study hard.我要是你的话,我就会好好学习。

(与现在事实相反)例句2:If I had studied hard,I would have passed CET-6 last semester.我要是早就好好学习的话,那么我上个学期就通过六级考试了。

(与过去事实相反)例句3:If Iwere to pass CET-6,I would treat you to dinner at KFC.我要是过了六级考试,就请你去吃肯德基。

(与将来事实相反)1/ 9(二)省略/倒装如果在虚拟从句中包含有一个助动词、情态动词、动词be 或have,则可把if省略,把上类动词提到主语之前,使用倒装语序。

例句4:Had it not been for the PLA,we wouldn't have been able to beat the flood.4要不是人民解放军,我们是无法战胜洪水的。

例句5:Were he here now,he would certainly help me.5他要是在这里肯定会帮我的忙。

注4:例句4中的从句部分出现了否定词not,如果把该句还原成正常语序,应该是:If it hadn't been for the PLA,we wouldn't have been able to beat the flood.但是一旦句子发生了省略,就必须把hadn't分开,否定词not还原,放在主语之后,不可写成Hadn't it been for的形式。

虚拟语气用法总结及详细解析

虚拟语气用法总结及详细解析

虚拟语气用法英语中的语气分为陈述语气、祈使语气、虚拟语气、疑问语气和感叹语气五类。

1、表示动作或状态是客观存在的、确定的或符合事实的,用于陈述句、疑问句和某些感叹句中。

China is an Asian country. (肯定句) How interesting my stay in China has been! (感叹句)2、祈使句表示说话人对对方的请求、警告,建议或命令。

如:Please come over here. 请到这边来。

Watch your steps! 当心!(走路)3、虚拟语气表示说话者做出的假设而非事实,或难以实现的情况,甚至表达彻底相反的概念。

此外,如需表达主观愿望或某种强烈的感情时,也可用虚拟语气。

虚拟语气是由句中的谓语动词的特殊形式表示出来的。

如: If I were a bird,I would be able to fly in the air. 如果我是一只小鸟,我就能在空中飞行。

I wish I could pass the examination. 我希望我能通过考试。

If there were a heavy snow next Sunday, we would not go skating. 如果下周日下大雪,我们就不能去滑冰了。

If she were to be here next Monday, I would tell her about the matter.如果她下周一来这儿的话,我就会告诉她这件事的始末。

4、有时,虚拟条件句中,结果主句和条件从句的谓语动作若不是同时发生时,虚拟语气的形式应作相应的调整。

这种条件句叫错综条件句。

①从句的动作与过去事实相反,而主句的动作与现在或现在正在发生的事实不符。

If I had worked hard at school, I would be an engineer, too.如果我在学校学习刻苦的话,我现在也会成为一个工程师了If they had informed us, we would not come here now. 如果他们通知过我们的话,我们现在就不会来这里了。

虚拟语气用法总结

虚拟语气用法总结

虚拟语气用法总结虚拟语气是说话者用来表示假设,或难以实现的情况,而非客观存在的事实。

学习虚拟语气,我们需要注意以下几个要点:一、虚拟语气在带有条件状语从句的复合句中的构成和用法。

根据不同的时间,主、从句中动词形式如下表:If we left now, we would arrive in good time. 如果我们现在就走的话,我们就会及时到达。

They would have come to your party if they had had time. 如果他们有时间就会参加你的聚会。

If you lived there for a while, you’d change your mind about the place. 如果你在那儿住上一段时间,你就会改变对那地方的看法。

这里我们需要注意以下三点:1. 错综时间条件句有时条件状语从句中的动作和主句中的动作发生的时间不一致,这时动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间加以调整。

如:If you had listened to the doctor, you would be all right now. 如果你当初听了医生的话,身体现在就好了。

2. 虚拟条件句的倒装形式如果虚拟条件从句中有were, had或should时,可以把if省略,而把这几个词放到主语之前,构成倒装句。

如:Were I you, I wouldn’t go there alone. 如果我是你,我不会一个人去那儿的。

Had he worked harder, he would have got through the exam. 如果他学习再努力点的话,他就会通过考试。

Should you be fired, your health care and other benefits will not be immediately cut off. 如果你被解雇,你的医疗保险和其他权益并不会立即中断。

虚拟语气的用法归纳

虚拟语气的用法归纳

虚拟语气的用法归纳关键信息项:1、虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法2、虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法3、虚拟语气在主语从句中的用法4、虚拟语气在表语从句和同位语从句中的用法5、虚拟语气在定语从句中的用法6、虚拟语气在状语从句中的其他用法7、虚拟语气在一些特殊句型中的用法11 虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法111 与现在事实相反若表示与现在事实相反,条件从句的谓语用过去式(be 动词通常用were),主句谓语用“should / would / could / might +动词原形”。

例如:If I were you, I would take his advice (如果我是你,我会接受他的建议。

)112 与过去事实相反若表示与过去事实相反,条件从句的谓语用过去完成式(had +过去分词),主句谓语用“should / would / could / might + have +过去分词”。

比如:If you had come earlier, you would have caught the bus (如果你早点来,你就赶上公交车了。

)113 与将来事实相反若表示与将来事实相反,条件从句的谓语有三种形式:过去式(be 动词通常用 were)should +动词原形were to +动词原形主句谓语用“should / would / could / might +动词原形”。

例如:If it were to rain tomorrow, we would stay at home (如果明天下雨,我们就待在家里。

)12 虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法121 wish 后的宾语从句wish 后的宾语从句要用虚拟语气。

与现在事实相反,用一般过去时;与过去事实相反,用过去完成时;与将来事实相反,用“would / could +动词原形”。

例如:I wish I were as tall as you (我希望和你一样高。

虚拟语气分三种情况来掌握

虚拟语气分三种情况来掌握

虚拟语气分三种情况来掌握:1、虚拟条件句。

2、名词性虚拟语气。

3、虚拟语气的其他用语。

一、虚拟条件句:条件状语从句是非真实情况,在这种情况下要用虚拟语气。

1、条件从句与现在事实不一致,其句型为:If 主语+过去时,主语+should(could, would, 或might)+动词原形,如:If I were you, I would study hard.If it rained, I would not be here now.2、条件从句与过去事实不一致,句型为:If 主语+had+过去分词,主语+should(could, would, 或might)+have+过去分词,如:If the doctor had come last night, the boy would have saved.If I had not studied hard, I would have failed in the exam last term.3、条件从句与将来事实不一致,句型为:+do,主语+should(could…)+原形do过去时(与现在事实条件句一样)。

If it should rain tomorrow, we would stay at home.If I were to go to the moon one day, I could see it with my own eyes.If you missed the film to night, you would feel sorry.注意问题:1、If条件句中绝对不可出现“would”。

2、根据句中的时间状语,有时可能出现“混合虚拟”的情况,即主句可能是现在的情况,条件句也许是发生在过去的情况,但都是遵守上述句型。

3、在条件句中如果出现were, had, should可省去if,将主语与这些词倒装,例如:Had the doctor come last night, the boy would have saved.Were I to go to the moon one day, I would see it with my own eyes.Should it rain tomorrow, we would stay at home.二、名词性虚拟语气:在表示命令、建议要求、惊叹时的名词性从句中需用虚拟语气,基本句型:主语+(should)+动词原形,如:Mother insisted that John go to bed at 9 o’clock.(宾语从句)We suggested that the meeting should not be held.It was required that the crops should be harvested at once.(主语从句)The suggestion that he be invited was rejected.(同位语从句)That is their demand that their wages be increased.(表语从句)注意:在这种句子中绝不出现“would”“must”“could”等。

虚拟语气分三种情况来掌握

虚拟语气分三种情况来掌握

虚拟语气分三种情况来掌握:1、虚拟条件句。

2、名词性虚拟语气。

3、虚拟语气的其他用语。

一、虚拟条件句:条件状语从句是非真实情况,在这种情况下要用虚拟语气。

1、条件从句与现在事实不一致,其句型为:If 主语+过去时,主语+should(could, would, 或might)+动词原形,如:If I were you, I would study hard.If it rained, I would not be here now.2、条件从句与过去事实不一致,句型为:If 主语+had+过去分词,主语+should(could, would, 或might)+have+过去分词,如:If the doctor had come last night, the boy would have saved.If I had not studied hard, I would have failed in the exam last term.3、条件从句与将来事实不一致,句型为:+do,主语+should(could…)+原形do过去时(与现在事实条件句一样)。

If it should rain tomorrow, we would stay at home.If I were to go to the moon one day, I could see it with my own eyes.If you missed the film to night, you would feel sorry.注意问题:1、If条件句中绝对不可出现“would”。

2、根据句中的时间状语,有时可能出现“混合虚拟”的情况,即主句可能是现在的情况,条件句也许是发生在过去的情况,但都是遵守上述句型。

3、在条件句中如果出现were, had, should可省去if,将主语与这些词倒装,例如:Had the doctor come last night, the boy would have saved.Were I to go to the moon one day, I would see it with my own eyes.Should it rain tomorrow, we would stay at home.二、名词性虚拟语气:在表示命令、建议要求、惊叹时的名词性从句中需用虚拟语气,基本句型:主语+(should)+动词原形,如:Mother insisted that John go to bed at 9 o’clock.(宾语从句)We suggested that the meeting should not be held.It was required that the crops should be harvested at once.(主语从句)The suggestion that he be invited was rejected.(同位语从句)That is their demand that their wages be increased.(表语从句)注意:在这种句子中绝不出现“would”“must”“could”等。

虚拟语气

虚拟语气

If only I were a flying bird! = How I wish I were a flying bird!
要是我看过那部电影就好了! 要是我看过那部电影就好了! If only I had seen the film! =How I wish I had seen the film!
1. The guard at gate insisted that everybody obey (obey) the rules. ____ 2. He insisted that she was (be)seriously ___ ill and that be sent (send) to hospital ______ at once. 3. He suggested that we have (have) a ____ meeting at once. 4. His pale face suggested that he ___ was (be) ill.
I suggest that we (should) hold a meeting next week. He insisted that he (should) be sent there. 注意: 如suggest, insist不表示“建议” 不表示“ 注意 不表示 建议” 或“坚持要某人做某事时”, 即它们用 坚持要某人做某事时” 于其本意“暗示、表明” 于其本意“暗示、表明”、“一直认 宾语从句用陈述语气。 为”时,宾语从句用陈述语气。 宾语从句用陈述语气
Subjunctive Mood 虚拟语气
虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法。 一. 虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法。
条件 If 从句谓语形式 从句 现在 过去式 (were) 过去 主句谓语形式

if条件状语从句的虚拟语气

if条件状语从句的虚拟语气

if条件状语从句的虚拟语气推荐文章if条件状语从句的虚拟语气题目热度:关于救火的表扬信格式范文热度:专题辅导:高二英语虚拟语气用法指导及主谓一致练习题热度:高二英语学习:怎样提高英语成绩及虚拟语气讲解热度:高二英语语法虚拟语气专题练习及说明文写作模板热度:if 条件状语从句是英语中的一个难点,那么if 条件状语从句的虚拟语气又是怎么回事呢?下面是店铺为你整理的if 条件状语从句的相关资料,希望大家喜欢!if 条件状语从句的虚拟语气一.基本结构1. 与现在事实相反If + 主语+were/ did/ were doing, 主语+should/ would/ could/ might +动词原形强调:必须把上面的结构套用对!2. 与过去事实相反If + 主语+ had done, 主语 +should/would/ might/ could + have done.强调:必须把上面的结构套用对!3. 与将来事实相反If + 主语 + were/ did/ were to do/ should do, 主语+ should/ would/ could/ might do强调:必须把上面的结构套用对!第三个结构中,从句中的were to do可能性最小,should do的可能性稍大。

二.变化1. 错综时间条件句所谓错综,就是结构和我们的基本结构不一致,出现了从句用与过去事实相反,而主句则为与现在事实相反或与将来事实相反。

那么,我们就分别用各自的结构即可。

If + 主语+had done, 主语 +would/should/ could/ might do再将强调结构必须正确。

我们对比下面两个句子:If you had studied harder then, yoursituation would have been better.If you had studied harder then, yoursituation would be better now.注意:在错综时间条件句中,务必有明确的表示错综的时间状语,或者通过上下文能看出是时间的不同,否则,就必须按前面的基本结构套用。

虚拟语气语法

虚拟语气语法

虚拟语气语法虚拟语气用于表示主观愿望和假设的虚拟情况。

虚拟语气不太顾及事实的存在,它表现出说话人的主观因素比较多。

所以说话人所讲的内容往往是与事实相反的;或是其实现的可能性微乎其微,甚至于没有实现的可能性。

当然,有时为了使说话的语气客气、缓和、委婉,也使用虚拟语气。

例如:I wish you were more careful .但愿你更细心一些。

If I had more money, I would buy a bigger apartment.我要是有再多一点钱,我就买一套更大一些房子。

Would you mind shutting the door ? 劳驾您把门关上。

一、虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的构成和用法从句中提出一种与客观现实不相符或根本不可能存在的条件,主句会产生的一种不可能获得的结果。

条件句中的虚拟语气根据不同的时间有三种不同的形式。

1. 表示一种与过去事实相反的假设情况,条件从句中的谓语动词要用“had+过去分词”,主句中的谓语动词要用“would / should / could / might+have+过去分词”。

如:If you had come here yesterday, you would have seen him. 如果你昨天来到这里,你就会看见他了。

2. 表示一种与目前事实相反的假设情况,条件状语从句中的谓语动词要用一般过去式(be动词常用were),而主句中的谓语动词则要用“would / should / could / might+动词原形”。

如:If I had his telephone number, I would call him now. 如果我有他的电话号码,我现在就打电话给他。

If I were you, I would not tell him that. 如果我是你,我就不把那件事告诉他。

3. 表示与将来的事实可能相反的假设情况时,条件状语从句中的谓语动词要用:1) should+动词原形或2) 一般过去式或3) were+不定式,主句中的谓语动词要用“would+动词原形“。

虚拟语气用于条件状语从句

虚拟语气用于条件状语从句

虚拟语气用于条件状语从句虚拟语气用于条件状语从句:1.与过去事实做相反:If…+had+done…would(should.could.might.that)2.与现在事实相反:If+did(be-were),,,,,would(同上)+do.3.与将来事实相反:If+did(be-would),,,were do,,,shoulddo,,,,would+do(同上)虚拟语气用在宾语从句:在表示,要求,命令类的动词后面的宾语从句中用(should)+do.如:advise,suggest,propose,request,insist.suggest作暗示表明时,insist作“坚决认为”时不用虚拟语气。

虚拟语气用于主语从句:1.It is necessary(important, natural,strange,essential,etc)thatsb (should)+do2.It is /was suggested (desired,ordered,proposed,advised)thatsb(should)+do3.It is time sb+did.做,,,时候了。

4.虚拟语气用于if only 引导的感叹句中(要是,,,就好了)1.must+have+过去分词(用于肯定句)一定已经…….2.can’t (couldn’t)+have +过去分词(用于否定或疑问句)不可能….3.should/ought to+have+过去分词。

本来不应该(却做了)…4.needn’t+have+过去分词(本不必做)1.主谓一致概述并列结构作主语谓语用复数主谓一致中的靠近原则谓语动词与前面的主语一致谓语需用单数指代意义决定谓语的单复数与后接名词或代词保持一致主谓一致是指:1)语法形式上要一致,即单复数形式与谓语要一致。

2)意义上要一致,即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致。

3)就近原则,即谓语动词的单复形式取决于最靠近它的词语,一般来说,不可数名词用动词单数,可数名词复数用动词复数。

虚拟语气在状语从句中的运用

虚拟语气在状语从句中的运用

虚拟语气在状语从句中的运用
1. 条件状语从句:表示与实际事实相反的情况或假设的条件。

虚拟
语气常常出现在if从句中。

- If I were you, I would apologize.(如果我是你,我会道歉。

)- If I had more money, I would buy a car.(如果我有更多的钱,我会买辆车。


2.时间状语从句:表示与实际情况不符的时间假设。

- If it were not for the rain, we would have gone for a walk.(如果不是下雨的话,我们本来会去散步的。


3.目的状语从句:表示目的未能实现的假设。

- He studied hard so that he might pass the exam.(他努力学习,以便能够通过考试。


4.比较状语从句:表示虚拟的对比情况。

- He runs as if he were flying.(他跑步的样子仿佛在飞行。


5.让步状语从句:表示与事实相反的假设情况。

- Even if he were to go, he would be late.(即使他去了,他也
会迟到。


需要注意的是,虚拟语气在状语从句中的应用也受到语法规则的限制,如虚拟语气在表示命令、客观事实、无条件真理等的状语从句中通常不使用。

此外,不同语言的虚拟语气的用法可能有所不同。

高考英语语法专项虚拟语气的用法

高考英语语法专项虚拟语气的用法

语法专项11——虚拟语气的用法【虚拟语气】英语中有三种不同的语气:陈述语气,祈使语气、疑问语气和虚拟语气。

虚拟语气表示说话人的愿望、假设、猜测或建议,而不表示客观存在的事实。

一、虚拟语气用于条件句中1.表示与现在事实相反:条件状语从句中谓语动词用一般过去时(be的过去式用were);主句中谓语动词用would(should,could,might)+动词原形。

If I were you,I would study hard.2.表示与过去事实相反:条件状语从句中谓语动词用had+过去分词;主句中谓语动词用would(should,could,might)+have+过去分词。

If he had taken my advice,he would have passed the test.3.表示与将来的事实相反:条件状语从句中谓语动词用一般过去时或should +动词原形或were to+动词原形;主句中谓语动词用would(should,could,might)+动词原形。

If it were to rain tomorrow,they would not go to the cinema.【帮你归纳】【小叮咛】1)if条件句中只要用了过去的时态就说明该句要使用虚拟语气。

2)if条件句中只出现一个表示与将来事实相反的情态动词should。

3)含有if条件句的虚拟语气中,主句都要用情态动词,且都可理解为过去式。

二、宾语从句中的虚拟语气用法1. 在wish后的宾语从句中,表示与现在或过去的事实相反,或对将来的主观愿望,从句中通常用虚拟语气。

从句中谓语动词的构成形式为:1)表示对现在情况的虚拟,从句中谓语动词用过去式(be动词一般用were)。

I wish it were spring now. 我希望现在是春天。

2)表示对过去情况的虚拟,从句中谓语动词常用had+过去分词。

I wish he had come yesterday.我希望他昨天能来。

虚拟语气语法

虚拟语气语法

虚拟语气虚拟语气:表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实,而是说话人的主观愿望、假设或推测等。

一、虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法条件从句有两类,一是真实条件句,另一是虚拟条件句。

如果假设的情况可能发生,是真实条件句,这种情况下谓语用陈述语气。

如:If time permits, we’ll go fishing together.如果假设的情况是不存在的或不大可能发生的,则是虚拟条件句。

e.g. If I were a bird, I could fly in the air.If I had known your telephone number yesterday, I should(would, could, might)have telephoned you.If it should rain, the crops would(could, might)be saved.条件从句中省去if的情况: 在if引导的表示虚拟的条件状语从句中,如省略if,则部分倒装,将had, were或should提至句首。

✓Were I a bird, I could fly freely.✓Had I seen the film, I would have discussed it with them last night.✓Should it rain next week, the farmers would have a good harvest.⏹句型:if it were not for…中的用法:✓If it were not for the rain, the crops should (would) die.✓If it had not been for your timely help, I would have failed.混合虚拟:有时条件从句中的动作和结果主句中的动作,发生的时间不一致,这时动作的形式应根据它所表示的时间加以调整。

if条件状语从句中虚拟语气

if条件状语从句中虚拟语气

if条件状语从句中的虚拟语气一、if条件状语从句中虚拟语气的判断判断是真实条件句还是非真实条件句;只有在非真实条件句中才使用虚拟语气;通过句子意思,看假设的条件是否能够实现,能够实现是真实条件句,不能使用虚拟语气;假设的条件不能实现则是非真实条件句,要用虚拟语气;1. “后退一步法”后退一步法是指在准确地判断了该句与哪一事实相反后,按虚拟语气的后退一步法处理从句谓语动词的时态;即:在非真实条件状语从句中,谓语动词按正常情况“后退一步”;也就是:①与过去事实相反,在从句中用过去完成时形式表示;②与现在事实相反,在从句中用过去一般时形式表示;③与将来事实可能相反,在从句中用过去将来时形式表示;主句中则用情态动词would,should, could 等加一个与从句一致的动词形式;例:⑴、If I had come her yesterday, I would have seen him.⑵、If I were a teacher, I would be strict with my students.⑶、If it should snow tomorrow, they couldn't go out.2、注意事项:①if条件句中如有were, should, had,可以省去if,并使用倒装语序;②在现代英语中if条件状与从句中的谓语动词如果是be其过去形式一般用were;二、虚拟语气在if 引导的条件句中的用法:1. If it weren’t for your help, we would get into trouble. 如果没有你们的帮助,我们就会陷入困境;而事实上得到了你们的帮助the weather were fine, I would go there. 如果天气好,我去那儿;事实天气不好I were you, I would read it again. 如果我是你的话,我再读一遍;事实上我不是你time permitted, I would write it again. 如果时间允许的话,我再写一遍;事实上时间不允许it weren’t snowing, we wouldn’t stay in the house. 要是现在不下雪的话,我们就不会待在屋里;事实上现在下雪would I do if I were in your place要是我处于你地位我会怎么办事实上我不在你的位置上he hurried, he could catch the first bus. 他要是快点能够赶上头班公共汽车;可是他不着急8. If I were you, I should buy it. 从句用过去式动词were,主句用动词原形buy9. If I had time, I would study French. 如果有时间,我会学习法文;从句用过去式动词had,主句用动词原形study10. If she knew English, she would not ask me for help. 如果她懂英文,她就不必要我帮了;从句用过去式动词knew, 主句用动词原形ask 注意:如果动作在进行中,主句要用:"主语+ would be + 进行式动词+ ……" 14. If they were here, he would be speaking to them now. 从句用过去式动词were, 主句用would be speaking例如:⑴、If you had taken my advice, you would not have made such a mistake.如果你听了我的劝告,就不会犯这样的错误;事实上你没有听我的劝告⑵、I shouldn’t have been able to write such good novels if I hadn’t lived among the peasants for five years.如果我不是和农民生活了五年,就不可能写出这样好的小说;事实上我和农民生活了五年⑶、If you hadn’t invited me, I shouldn’t have come to the party.如果你不邀请我,我就不会来参加你的舞会;事实上你邀请了我⑷、If I hadn’t been ill yesterday, I might have come to school.昨天要是不生病,我是可能来上学的;事实上我生病了⑸、If he hadn’t broken the law, he wouldn’t have been put in prison.如果他不违法的话,就不会被打入监狱;事实上他违法了⑹、If I had been your headmaster, I should have dismissed you from school. 我要是你们校长的话,就把你开除学籍了;事实上我不是注意:如果动作在进行中,主句要用:"主语+ would + have + 完成进行式动词+……⑺、If they had been here, he would have been speaking to them.从句动词用had been, 主句动词用have been speaking⑴、I f I were to work at this problem, I would do it in another way.要是我来解这道难题,我会用另外一种方法的;⑵、I f you were to do such a thing again, you would be punished. 如果你再做这样的事情,就会受到惩罚;⑶、I f I should work harder, I could make much more progress.假如我更努力学习的话,我会取得更大的进步;事实上我不可能努力学习⑷、I f it should rain tomorrow, I would stay at home.如果明天下雨的话,我将待在家里;根据天气情况,明天不可能下雨⑸、I f he should come, I could ask him for some advice.万一他来了,我就能够向他请教;事实上他来的可能性很小⑹、I f he came tomorrow, I would do it with him.如果明天他来的话,我将和他一起做此事;事实上他来的可能性很小⑺、If it should rain, the crops would be saved.从句动词用should rain,主句动词用be 如果天下雨,庄稼可能就收获了;⑻、If he were here, I would give him the books.从句动词用were, 主句动词用give 如果他在这儿,我可能会把书给他;注意:如果动作在进行中,从句不是主句要用:"If + 主语+ 过去进行式动词+……"⑼、If she were staying here now, I would let her ride my horse.从句动词用were staying, 主句动词用let如果她现在留在这儿,我可能会让她骑我的马;。

虚拟语气的条件状语从句

虚拟语气的条件状语从句

虚拟语气的条件状语从句条件状语从句是复合句中常用的一种从属状语从句,用来表达一个假设、条件或者可能性。

虚拟语气是条件状语从句中的一种特殊形式,常用来表示与事实相反、不可能实现、或者未完成的情况。

在英语语法中,使用虚拟语气的条件状语从句有一定的特点和用法,本文将对其进行深入探讨。

一、表示与事实相反的虚拟条件状语从句虚拟语气的条件状语从句可以用来表示与事实相反的情况,一般使用“were”代替“was”,并在主语之后加上动词的原形。

例如:- If I were a bird, I would fly freely in the sky.- If I had more time, I would travel around the world.在上述例句中,使用了虚拟语气的条件状语从句来表示与事实相反的情况。

只要条件是不满足的,使用虚拟语气就是正确的。

二、表示不可能实现的虚拟条件状语从句虚拟语气的条件状语从句还可以用来表示不可能实现的情况。

这种情况下,我们使用“could”或者“might”来表达。

例如:- If I could speak French, I would communicate with the locals easily.- If I had a magic wand, I might conjure up a million dollars.在这样的情况下,我们通过虚拟语气的条件状语从句来表达一种假设,但这种假设在现实中是不可能实现的。

三、表示未完成的虚拟条件状语从句虚拟语气的条件状语从句还可以用来表示未完成的情况。

在这种情况下,我们使用“had”(过去完成时)来构成条件状语从句。

例如:- If I had studied harder, I would have passed the exam.- If I had known you were coming, I would have prepared a meal for you.这类虚拟语气的条件状语从句通常用来谈论过去本可以发生但最终未能实现的情况。

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虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的构成和用法
1.表示一种与过去事实相反的假设情况,条件从句中的谓语
动词要用“had+过去分词”,主句中的谓语动词要用“would / should / could / might+have+过去分词”。

如:If you had come here yesterday, you would have seen him. 如果你昨天来到这里,你就会看见他了。

2.表示一种与目前事实相反的假设情况,条件状语从句中的
谓语动词要用一般过去式(be动词常用were),而主句中的谓语动词则要用“w ould / should / could / might+动词原形”。

如:If I had his telephone number, I would call him now. 如果我有他的电话号码,我现在就打电话给他。

If I were you, I would not tell him that. 如果我是你,我就不把那件事告诉他。

3.表示与将来的事实可能相反的假设情况时,条件状语从句
中的谓语动词要用:1) should+动词原形,或2) 一般过去式,或3) were+不定式,主句中的谓语动词要用“would+动词原形“。

如:If it snowed tomorrow, many crops would die of cold. = If it were to snow tomorrow, many crops would die of cold. = If it should snow tomorrow, many crops would die of cold. 如果明天下雪,许多庄稼都会冻
死。

4.有时候,条件和结果不是指同一个时间,这时,应根据上
面谈到的几种情况,使用相应的形式,这种虚拟语气形式被称为错综虚拟语气。

如:If you had listened to the teacher carefully yesterday, you would know how to do the exercise now. 如果你昨天认真听了老师的讲话,你现在就知道如何做这道题了。

5. 使用虚拟语气时,有时候可以省略引导条件状语从句的连词if。

这时,从句部分要使用部分倒装,即将从句部分的助动词were / had / should等提到主语前面。

如:Were I you, I would not tell him that. Should it snow tomorrow, many crops would die of cold.
Had you listened to the teacher carefully yesterday, you would know how to do the exercise now。

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