2014上海牛津英语八年级第二学期超全整理
牛津上海版八年级英语下册 Module2 Unit 4 Newspapers 知识点梳理
8B Unit 4 NewspapersP531. sit v.坐–sat—sat—seat n.座位2.a pile of newspapers 一堆报纸two piles of…两堆…….3. ask sb. (not) to do sth. 请某人（不要）做某事4. a composition on newspapers 一篇关于报纸的文章 a composition =an article5. news n.新闻（不可数） a piece of news two pieces of news6. newspaper n.报纸（可数） a newspaper two newspapers a school newspaper 一份校报7. write v.—wrote—written—writing—writer n.作者；作家P541. section n.部分=part different sections =different parts 不同的部分2. headline(s) n.大字标题；新闻提要passage n.章节；段落3. come from = be from来自于He is from…=He comes from…We are from…=We come from…4. local a.当地的local news 当地新闻local snacks 当地小吃5. UN 联合国：the United Nations的缩写6. be short of v.缺少；缺乏be short of cash 缺乏现金；现金不足7. announce v. 宣布—announcement n.an announcement 一个通告8. walk down the street 沿街散步9. nobody= not anybody= no one后+does/ is (三单)10. recognize v.认出Nobody recognized him. 没有人认出他。
上海牛津英语八年级下册知识点总结
上海牛津英语八年级下册知识点总结全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇1Knowledge Points Summary of Oxford English 8B in ShanghaiIn the second semester of the eighth grade in Shanghai Oxford English, students will continue to build on the knowledge they have acquired in the first semester. Here is a summary of the key points covered in this semester:1. Grammar:- Review of tenses: present simple, present continuous, past simple, past continuous, present perfect, and future simple.- Conditional sentences: Zero, First, Second, and Third Conditionals.- Reported speech: Statements, questions, and requests.- Passive voice: Formation and usage.- Modals: Can, could, may, might, should, must, etc.- Relative clauses: Defining and non-defining relative clauses.2. Vocabulary:- Phrasal verbs: Break down, come across, get along with, look forward to, etc.- Idioms and expressions: A piece of cake, out of the blue, under the weather, etc.- Collocations: Make a decision, do homework, take a photo, etc.3. Reading and Comprehension:- Reading and understanding different types of texts: Narratives, informational texts, opinion pieces, etc.- Identifying main ideas, details, and implied meanings in a text.- Making inferences and drawing conclusions based on the text.4. Listening and Speaking:- Listening to different accents and understanding native speakers.- Participating in discussions, debates, and role-plays.- Describing events, experiences, feelings, and opinions in a clear and coherent manner.5. Writing:- Narrative writing: Writing stories or recounts using appropriate tenses and sequencing words.- Expository writing: Writing essays or reports with clear organization and supporting details.- Persuasive writing: Writing persuasive essays or argumentative pieces with logical reasoning and strong evidence.Overall, the eighth grade Oxford English curriculum in Shanghai aims to enhance students' language skills in listening, speaking, reading, and writing, while also deepening their understanding of grammar rules and vocabulary usage. By mastering these knowledge points, students will bewell-equipped to communicate effectively in English and further their language learning journey.篇2Shanghai Oxford English Grade 8 Focus SummaryIn the Shanghai Oxford English Grade 8 course, students are introduced to a wide range of English language skills and topics to help them further develop their proficiency in the language. Below is a summary of the key knowledge points covered in the course:1. Grammar:- Students learn about different tenses such as present simple, present continuous, past simple, past continuous, and future tenses.- They also study modal verbs, conditionals, reported speech, passive voice, and relative clauses.2. Vocabulary:- The course covers a variety of vocabulary topics including education, travel, health, technology, environment, and more.- Students practice using new vocabulary in context through reading, writing, listening, and speaking activities.3. Reading and Writing:- Students read a variety of texts including fiction,non-fiction, news articles, and poems.- They learn how to analyze and comprehend texts, identify main ideas, and infer meaning from context.- Students also practice writing different types of texts such as essays, reports, emails, and letters.4. Speaking and Listening:- Students engage in speaking activities to practice expressing ideas, opinions, and thoughts verbally.- They also practice listening to different accents and speeds of English to improve their listening skills.5. Culture and Communication:- The course includes topics on different cultures, customs, and traditions to help students understand and appreciate diversity.- Students learn about effective communication skills such as body language, intonation, and gestures.Overall, the Shanghai Oxford English Grade 8 course aims to provide students with a solid foundation in English language skills and knowledge to help them become effective communicators in both academic and real-world settings. Through engaging activities and topics, students are encouragedto continue developing their English proficiency and confidence in using the language.篇3Knowledge Points Summary of Oxford English for Shanghai Eighth GradeIn the second semester of the eighth grade, students will continue to learn English through the Oxford English textbook. The following is a summary of the key knowledge points covered in the textbook:1. Vocabulary: In the eighth grade textbook, students will learn a variety of new vocabulary words related to daily life, school subjects, hobbies, and more. It is important for students to practice using these new words in sentences to improve their vocabulary retention.2. Grammar: The eighth grade textbook covers a range of grammar topics, including verb tenses, prepositions, adverbs, and more. Students should pay close attention to these grammar rules and practice using them in sentences and conversations.3. Reading Comprehension: The textbook includes a variety of reading passages for students to practice their reading comprehension skills. Students should focus on understandingthe main ideas of the passages, identifying key details, and making inferences based on the text.4. Writing: Writing exercises in the eighth grade textbook focus on developing students' ability to write clear and coherent paragraphs. Students should practice organizing their ideas, using proper grammar and punctuation, and revising their writing for clarity and coherence.5. Speaking and Listening: Students will have opportunities to practice their speaking and listening skills through dialogues, role-plays, and discussions in the textbook. It is important for students to actively participate in these activities and practice speaking and listening in English as much as possible.Overall, the Oxford English textbook for the eighth grade provides a comprehensive overview of key English language skills, including vocabulary, grammar, reading, writing, speaking, and listening. By focusing on these key knowledge points and practicing regularly, students can improve their English proficiency and prepare for future language learning challenges.。
牛津沪教版英语八年级下 Unit1-Unit2语法知识点整合
A .don't make B. not make C. not making D .not to make8. An army spokesman stressed that all the soldiers had been ordered _____clear warnings before firing any shots.A .to issue B. being issued C. to have issued D. to be issued9. I'd rather have a room of my own, however small it is, than_______ a room with someone else.A. to shareB. to have sharedC. shareD. sharing10. The bank is reported in the local newspaper_________ in broad daylight yesterday.A. robbedB. to have been robbedC. being robbedD. having been robbed11. A number of paintings in the castle are believed ________in a fire.A. being destroyedB. having been destroyedC. to be destroyedD. to have been destroyed12. The meeting _______ next week is sure to be a great success.A. to take placeB. to be taken placeC. to have taken placeD. being taken place13. As a result of my laziness, I failed ________ my work in time.A. and finishedB. to finishC. and finishingD. to finished14. I am sorry ______ written you a letter at the time.A. to have notB. to not haveC. not to haveD. not having15. Will you lend him a magazine _________?A. to be readB. for readingC. to readD. he read16. He could do nothing but _______for the bus _________.A. wait, to comeB. wait; comeC. waiting; comingD. waited; came17 .It is a problem that doesn't need ________ right now.A. to solveB. solvingC. being solvedD. to be solving18. There's a man at the reception desk who seems very angry and I think he means _______ trouble.A. makingB. to makeC. to have madeD. having made19. I remember _______him _______the bike needed __________.A. hearing, saying, to repairB. to hear, say, to repairC. hearing, say, repairingD. to hear, saying, to be repaired20. --- You should have thanked her before you left.--- I meant _________, but when I was leaving I couldn't find her anywhere.A. to doB. toC. doingD. doing so21. Robert is said to __________ abroad, but I don't know what country he studied in.A. to have studiedB. to study B. to be studying D. to have been studying22. I'm gong to Xi'an next week. Have you anything __________ to your parents?A. to takeB. to be takenC. to be bought toD. to buy23. when are they __________ in their plan?A. handB. handedC. to handD. give24. In such dry weather, the flowers will have to be watered if they _____________.A. have survivedB. are to surviveC. would survivedD. will survive25. When we hurried to the station, there happened ________ no bus at that time.A. to haveB. to beC. havingD. being26. I lost my way in complete darkness and, _________ matters worse, it began to rain.A. madeB. having madeC. makingD. to make27. At ________ time does the salesgirl get up late in the morning, though she is always too busy _________a good rest.A. no, to takeB. no, takingC. any, to takeD. one, taking28. --Are you a student? --No, but I used _________.A. to beB. to wasC. to doD. to be a29. I stopped to listen, and my son seemed _________ himself _________ in the living room.A. to enjoy, to shutB. to be enjoying, shuttingC. to be enjoying, shutD. to have enjoyed, having shut30. With a lot of difficult problems _________, the newly-elected president is having a hard time.A. settledB. settlingC. to settleD. being settled31. We're leaving at six o'clock, and hope _________ most of the journey by lunch time.A. to doB. to have doneC. to makeD. to have made32. The study of the wild world may help to make the world easier _________.A. understoodB. to be understoodC. to understandD. understand33. Who will you get __________ the project for us?A. designB. to designC. designedD. designing34. It is said in Australia there is more land than the government know __________.A. it what to do withB. what to do it withC. what to do with itD. to do what with it35. We are not allowed __________ outdoors with some other children.A. playingB. to be playingC. to playD. be playing36. Allen had to call a taxi because the box was _________ to carry all the way home.A. much too heavyB. too much heavyC. heavy too muchD. too heavy much37. She feels so strongly that each of us should have a role __________in making the earth a better place to live in.A. to have playedB. to playC. to be playedD. to be playing38. When I handed the report to John, he said that George was the person _________.A. to sendB. for sending itC. to send it toD. for sending it to39. Do let your mother know all the truth, she appears _________ everything.A. to tellB. to be toldC. to be tellingD. to have been told11 / 11。
沪教牛津 初中 英语 八年级下册(八下)
country/ˈkʌntri/n. 国家；农村，乡下very/ˈveri/ad. 很，非常before/bɪˈfɔ:(r)/prep.在…以前；在…前面◎ad. 以前◎conj. 在…之前cent/sent/ n. 美分（100cents=1dollar)tell/tel/vt. (told,told)告诉；讲述；吩咐about/əˈbaʊt/ad. 大约；到处；四处◎prep. 关于；在各处；四处seven/ˈsevn/num. 七do/du:, də/v.&aux. (did,done)don't=do not 做，干（用以构成疑问句及否定句。
第三人称单数现在时用 does）不做，不干three/θri:/num. 三spring/sprɪŋ/n. 春天，春季◎n. 泉水，泉wish/wɪʃ/n. 愿望，祝愿◎vt. 希望，想要，祝愿that/ðæt/pron. 那，那个◎conj. 那，那个（引导宾语从句等）◎ad. 那么，那样mother/ˈmʌðə(r)/n. 母亲school/sku:l/n. 学校me/mi:/pron. 我（宾格）from/frɑ:m; frɒm/ prep. 从；从…起；距；来自eighty/ˈeɪti/num. 八十because/bɪˈkɔ:z; bɪˈkɒz/conj. 因为has/hæs; həz/v. 动词 have 的第三人称单数现在式housework/ˈhaʊswɜ:(r)k/n. 家务劳动write/raɪt/v. (wrote,written)书写；写作，著述you/ju:/pron. 你；你们read/ri:d/ v. (read,read)读；朗读in/ɪn/prep. 在…里(内)；在…；以…◎ad. 在家，在内，向内work/wɜ:(r)k/n. 工作，劳动，事情◎vi. 工作；(机器、器官等)运转，活动want/wɑ:nt; wɒnt/ vt. 想，想要；需要，必要this/ðɪs/a.&pron. 这，这个is/ɪz/v.是them/ðem； ðəm/pron. 他/她/它们（宾格）it/ɪt/pron. 它then/ðen/ ad. 当时，那时；然后；那么(通常用于句首或句尾)my/maɪ/pron. 我的girl/gɜ:(r)l/ n. 女孩as/æz ; əz/ conj. 像…一样；如同；因为◎prep. 作为，当做at/æt/prep. 在（几点钟）；在（某处）million/ˈmɪljən/ num. 百万◎n. 百万个（人或物）success/səkˈses/n. 成功name/neɪm/n. 名字，姓名，名称◎vt. 命名，名叫since/sɪns/ad. 从那时以来◎conj. 从…以来，…以后，由于◎prep. 从…以来here/hɪə(r)/ad. 这里，在这里；向这里沪教牛津八下Unit1 More practice单词：other/ˈʌðə(r)/pron. 别人，别的东西◎a. 别的，另外的for/fɔ:(r); fə(r)/prep. 为了…；向…，往…；与…交换；防备…；适合…；因为…；在…期间；对于…；对…来说◎conj. 因为，由于I/aɪ/pron. 我life/laɪf/n. (复lives)生命；生涯；生活；人生；生物lot/lɑ:t; lɒt/n. 许多，好些how/haʊ/ad. 怎样，如何；多少；多么teacher/ˈti:ʧə(r)/n. 教师，教员are/ɑ:(r); ə(r)/v.是China/ ˈʧaɪnə/n. 中国and/ænd； ənd/conj. 和；又；而of/ɒv; əv/prep. (表示所属,数量,其中)…的now/naʊ/ad. 现在class/klɑ:s/,/klæs/n. （学校里的）班；年级；课a/ə; eɪ/art. 一（个、件…）one/wʌn/pron. 一（个，只…）◎num. 一start/stɑ:(r)t/v. 开始，着手；出发go/gəʊ/ vi. (went,gone)去；走；驶；通到；到达◎n. 尝试also/ˈɔ:lsəʊ/ad. 也（做某事）room/ru:m/n. 房间，室；空间；地方many/ˈmeni/ pron. (比较级more,最高级most)许多人（或物）◎a. 许多的way/weɪ/n. 路，路线；方式，手段stay/steɪ/n.&vi. 停留，逗留，呆home/həʊm/n. 家◎ad. 到家；回家the/ði:; ðə/art. 这（那）个，这（那）些（用于特定人或物，序数词,最高级，专有名词，世上独一无二事物前）special/ˈspeʃəl/a. 特别的，专门的help/help/n.&vt. 帮助，帮忙with/wɪð,wɪθ/prep. 关于；带有；以；和；用；有paid/peɪ/v. (paid,paid)付钱，给…报酬◎n. 工资thing/θɪŋ/n. 东西；(复)物品，用品；事情，事件to/tu: ； tə/prep. （动词不定式符号，无词义）；（表示接受动作的人或物）给；对，向，到；在…之前age/eɪdʒ/n. 年龄；时代return/rɪˈtɜ:(r)n/ v. 归还，回，归first/fɜ:(r)st/num. 第一◎a.&ad. 第一；首次；最初◎n. 开始；开端文章：1. Success for Spring Buds2. My name is Feng Guixiang.3. I want to tell you about the China Children and Teenagers' Fund (CCTF) and how it helped me.4. One of the CCTF's special activities is the Spring Bud Project.5. In 1989, 4.8 million children in the country, aged from seven to fourteen, were unable to attend school.6. Eighty-three per cent of them were girls.7. Because of this, the CCTF launched the Spring Bud Project to help them.8. Since then, the project has helped millions of girls return to school.9. It has also built a lot of schools.10. The very first Spring Bud class was here in Guangxi in 1989.parent /ˈperənt; ˈpeərənt/ n. 父(母)，双亲very /ˈveri/ ad. 很，非常bring /brɪŋ/ vt. (brought,brought)拿来，带来，取来paint /peɪnt/ n. 油漆◎vt. 油漆，粉刷，绘画during /ˈdjʊərɪŋ/,/ˈdʊrɪŋ/ prep. 在…期间；在…过程中three /θri:/ num. 三without /wɪˈðaʊt/ prep. 没有leg /leg/ n. 腿；腿脚；支柱offer /ˈɒfə/,/ˈɑ:fər/ n. 提供；建议these /ði:z/ a.&pron. 这些music /ˈmju:zɪk/ n. 音乐，乐曲her /hɜ:(r)/ pron. 她(宾格),她的friend /frend/ n. 朋友near /nɪə(r)/ a.近的◎ad. 附近，邻近◎prep. 在…附近，靠近because /bɪˈkɔ:z; bɪˈkɒz/ conj. 因为lonely /ˈləʊnli/ a. 孤独的，寂寞的write /raɪt/ v. (wrote,written)书写；写作，著述they /ðeɪ/ pron. 他（她）们；它们；人们in /ɪn/ prep. 在…里(内)；在…；以…◎ad. 在家，在内，向内work /wɜ:(r)k/ n. 工作，劳动，事情◎vi. 工作；(机器、器官等)运转，活动want /wɑ:nt; wɒnt/ vt. 想，想要；需要，必要understand /ˌʌndə(r)ˈstænd/ v.(understood,understood)懂得；明白；理解them /ðem ； ðəm/ pron. 他/她/它们（宾格）is /ɪz/ v.是it /ɪt/ pron. 它hurt /hɜ:(r)t/ vt. (hurt,hurt)伤害，受伤；伤人感情I /aɪ/ pron. 我accident /ˈæksɪdənt/ n. 事故，意外的事lot /lɑ:t; lɒt/ n. 许多，好些are /ɑ:(r); ə(r)/ v.是have /hæv; həv/ vt. (had,had)有；吃；喝；进行；经受disabled /dɪsˈeɪbld/ a. 残废的，残疾的illness /ˈɪlnəs/ n. 疾病a /ə; eɪ/ art. 一（个、件…）one /wʌn/ pron. 一（个，只…）◎num. 一spirit /ˈspɪrɪt/ n. 精神photo /ˈfəʊtəʊ/ n. =photograph 照片many /ˈmeni/ pron. (比较级more,最高级most)许多人（或物）◎a. 许多的picture /ˈpɪktʃə(r)/ n. 图片，画片，照片the /ði:; ðə/ art. 这（那）个，这（那）些（用于特定人或物，序数词,最高级，专有名词，世上独一无二事物前）11. The Spring Bud Project paid for me to attend that class.12. It also rented a room close to the school for me.13. Before the project started, I stayed at home and helped my mother with the housework.14. Going to school changed my life.15. I learnt to read and write and do many other things.16. Now I work as a teacher at a Spring Bud school here in Guangxi.17. I wish to help other girls the way the Spring Bud Project helped me.Unit1 Reading 单词：call/kɔ:l/n. 喊，叫；电话，通话◎v. 称呼；呼唤；喊，叫help/help/n.&vt. 帮助，帮忙meet/mi:t/vt. (met,met)遇见，见到◎n. 会；集会to/tu: ； tə/prep. （动词不定式符号，无词义）；（表示接受动作的人或物）给；对，向，到；在…之前story/ˈstɔ:ri/n. 故事，小说but/bʌt; bət/conj. 但是，可是◎prep. 除了，除…外use/ju:z/vt. 利用，使用，应用tell/tel/vt. (told,told)告诉；讲述；吩咐do/du:, də/v.&aux. (did,done)don't=do not 做，干（用以构成疑问句及否定句。
牛津英语八年级下册知识点梳理汇总
八年级下册知识点Unit1一.【精选词汇】㈠重点短语1.thechangestoSunshineTown阳光镇的变化→thechangesto……的变化(p8)〈知识链接〉changen.变化，常用复数changes。
e.g.Greatchangeshavetakenplacesince1995.2.inthesouthernpartoftown→inthesouthernpartof…在…的南部→south→southern〈知识链接〉east东部→eastern东部的,west→western,north→northern3.inthepast在过去→atpresent现在→inthefuture未来；将来，注意这些短语中的介词和冠词。
4.turntheplaceintoapark→turn…into…把…变成…〈知识链接〉①Heatturnswaterintovapor.热使水变成蒸气。
②TurnthissentenceintoEnglish.5.playcardsandChinesechess打牌、下象棋，e.g.It’spleasanttoplaycardsandChinesechess.6.waterpollution水污染→airpollution空气污染，noisepollution噪音污染(p9)〈知识链接〉Waterpollutionwasaproblembefore.edtodumpitswasteintowater→usedtodosth过去常做某事，注意否定式、疑问式的形式〈知识链接〉⑴usedtodosth→否定式usednottodosth或didn’tusetodosth→疑问式Didsbusetodosth或Usedsbtodosth⑵Therebe和usedto合用的形式为Thereusedtobe。
根据要求进行句型转换：Sheusedtoteachhistory.①否定式：Sheusedteachhistory.或Shedidn’tteachhistory.②疑问式：sheteachhistory或Didsheteachhistory〈用法拓展〉⑴beusedtodosth＝beusedfordoingsth被用于做某事，e.g.Stampsareusedtosendletters.＝Stampsareusedforsendingletters.⑵be/become/getusedtosth习惯于某事，be/become/getusedtodoingsth习惯于做某事，e.g.①Mygrandmausedtoliveinthecitybutnowshehasgotusedtothecountrylife.②Tomisusedtogettingupearly.8.insomeways在某种程度上；在某些方面→inthisway以这种方式9.feelabitlonelyfromtimetotime→fromtimetotime＝attimes＝sometimes有时；不时地〈知识链接〉⑴abit＋形容词原级或比较级＝alittle＋形容词原级或比较级，有点…⑵abitof＋不可数名词＝alittle＋不可数名词e.g.abitofwater＝alittlewater〈用法拓展〉notalittle＝very非常，notabit＝not…atall一点也不10.throwaway扔掉…→“动词＋副词”结构，e.g.throwit/themaway11.haveaninterviewwithsb＝interviewsb采访某人；对某人面试；与某人面谈(p12)〈知识链接〉①Myparentshavehadaninterviewwithmyteacher.②Theyinterviewed20peopleforthejob.③Thereareanumberofin terviewswithsomefamousfootballplayers.12.thebestmodelIhaveeverseen我曾见过的最好的模型(p17)〈知识链接〉the＋形容词最高级＋名词单数＋sbhave/haseverdone，某人曾做过的最…的…themostwonderfulfilm(that)hehaseverwatched他看过的最精彩的比赛〈用法拓展〉⑴ever通常用于疑问句中或否定句中。
上海牛津版八年级下学期8B知识点梳理(优选.)
上海牛津版八年级下学期英语词组知识点梳理Unit 1be interested inbiggest and oldestliving thingsmake streets more beautiful and less noisy on the end ofcome fromsupposeenjoy breathing pure, cool airthank…fortake…fromharmful gasesrelease…intoproduce enough oxygenkeep …alive and healthycool the airas well asnatural air conditionersrundo the job ofknow a lot about sthattack a treewarnprotect themselves by doing sth join…togetherpass…tocommunicate with one anotherbe in dangercut downreplacehardlydestroyexchangenaturemainUnit 2pour…intovanish down the drainturn…offlook aroundsound impatient/puzzledIt’s not easy for me to get here. comfortablycarry…torelaxtravel a long wayIt was time to get cleaned up. give...a thorough cleaning add…towait…untilthe end of the journey remember not to do sthpreciousWhat do you mean by doing sth? no replaycome out ofto restordinarymanufactureequipmentUnit 3servanta packet of sthtricklook foolishflow through a wiremeasurethe amount ofmonthlyin a wayexplanationmuch more dangerousbe careful withCan you tell me what it looks like? Be invisiblechange…intodifferent forms of energycome into our flatbe connectedto call…sth politelycontainproduceswitch offlockencouragebehavepolitecustomerUnit 4hold a meeting/be at the meeting decide to do sththe chief editorsuggest that sb (should) do sth vote forelect sb. to betake charge ofought to do sthask for suggestionhave experiencebe secretary oftake notesthe other threebe responsible fortalk…overamongmake a list of sthpublish the paperbe free to pay for sthconsiderbrieflyask whether…have an ideathink about…a bit longermake a decision aboutagree to do sthconcludearrange to do sthin one week’s timeagree onin alltalentgather delightedshamedesigncomplainUnit 5belong toas soon aswalk into someplacebook a roomYou’re welcome.allowsound like…interruptat oncebothlead sb.Personally to…before doing sththe location of the fireexitsafetydescribe sth to sbin one own wordsbe asleepsmell smokego offmust be outsidethe phone was deadalonglay on the floorbesideseem likemoments later/seconds later be safesave one’s lifelendtake caremindlook outwatch outUnit 61. now that: since2. be behind sb3. think about doing sth.4. go abroad国外/ aboard5. why not do sth/Why don’t sb. do sth.6. spread one’s wings7. one of the most popular tourist destinations8. such as / fore example9. wide, tree-lined streets10. the same size as / as big as11. attractions / attractive12. an hour away from/ how far13. the center of Paris14. offer to do sth.15. go on to do sth./ go on doing sth.16. do it without doing sth17. enable…to / be able to do sth. /ability (n.)18. travel…from…to…19. grow crops20. make + adj./ make sb. do sth21. excellent : very good22. used to do sth. 过去常常做某事/ be used to doing习惯于做某23. be famous for24. the influence of ./ have an influence on25. in some way 26. provide sb. for sth./ provide sth. for sb.27. a leader in art and culture ( led- leading)28. a lot of young students from differentcountries go to France29. to further one’s study (why?)30. film festivals, exhibitions and concerts31. throughout the world/all over the world Unit 71. be at home/ be at work2. a boring man/ make me bored3. on the site4. walk on a narrow plank5. scared/scary6. on one’s own: by oneself7. be pleased with (pleasing, pleasure, pleasant)8. be cross/ angry9. pay attention to10. scold sb 11. put sb in detention 12. help sb in every way13. love chatting with sb (talk with)14. be puzzled by sth (puzzling)15. Pretend to do sth.16. concern about17. accept - acceptable18. express -expression19. honest- honesty-dishonest20.patient-patience-impatient-patiently-impatiently最新文件---------------- 仅供参考--------------------已改成-----------word文本--------------------- 方便更改赠人玫瑰，手留余香。
2014新版深圳上海广州沈阳牛津英语八年级下
2014新版深圳上海广州沈阳牛津英语八年级下Unit 4 Cartoons and comic strips知识点讲解与练习短语ic strip连环漫画2.pop out 张大、瞪大、瞪起3.decide on 决定、选定4.video camera 摄像机5.play against 同....比赛6.weather forecast 天气预报7.thank goodness谢天谢地8.make it 获得成功9.think of 考虑、想起、记得10.have a good idea 有个好主意11.think about 思考、考虑12.add...to... 把...添加到....13.sound effects 音响效果14.at the underground station 在地铁站15.look like 看上去像16.a little 一点儿17.put...together 把...放在一起18.show sth to sb 给某人看某物19.play football 踢足球20.the same as 和...一样21.be different from 与...不同22.look funny看起来有趣23.a pare of 一双24.at the top of...在...的顶部25.look out 当心26.be careful 小心27.watch out 注意28.pick up捡起29.in trouble 在困境中30.good luck 好运句型1.need to do sth 需要做某事need sb to do sth 需要某人做某事2.forget to do sth 忘记做某事forget doing sth 忘记做过某事3.appear to do sth 像是在做某事4.be used to to sth 被用来做某事5.be ready to do sth 准备好做某事6.ask sb to do sth 要求某人做某事7.how to do sth 如何做某事8.let’s do sth 让我们做某事吧9.a comic strip called... 一个叫做...的连环漫画10.tell sb (not) to do sth 告诉某人（不要）做某事语法：被动语态（二）1. It can be enjoyed by everyone.2. Each picture should not be made the same as the one before it.3. The cartoon characters have been drawn carefully by the artists.上面的三个句子都属于被动语态，前两个句子是含有情态动词的被动语态，最后一个句子是现在完成时的被动语态。
期末Unit1-Unit7知识点整理 牛津上海版八年级英语下册
牛津上海试用版八年级第二学期U1-U7知识点整理U1知识点整理一、Daily expressions. 日常表达1. be interested in 对……感兴趣e. g. Peter is interested in playing football. 彼得对踢足球感兴趣。
指点迷津：interesting 与interested(1) interesting形容词，意为“有趣的”。
e.g.We are going to show an interesting experiment. 我们将给大家做个有趣的实验。
(2) interested形容词，意为“对……感兴趣”，短语be/become interested in。
e.g. They have become interested in science. 他们对自然科学感兴趣。
Are you interested in history? 你对历史感兴趣吗？2. living things生物指点迷津: alive 与living通常情况下，alive做表语(be alive)，而living 一般放在名词前做定语用。
e.g. That great man is still alive. 那个伟人依然活着。
all living things 一切生物Latin is not a living language. 拉丁语不是现代用语。
3. on the end of…在……的末端e.g. Have you ever noticed the rubber on the end of a pencil? 你有注意过铅笔末端的那个橡皮头吗？4. of course当然e. g. -Will you help me please?请你帮助我好吗？-Of course!当然可以！5. thank…for…为……而感谢…e.g. He thanked her for the gift. 他感谢她的礼物。
沪教牛津版初二下册英语知识点总结全册含习题和答案
沪教牛津版初二下册英语知识点总结全册含习题和答案本文档为初二下册英语知识点总结，旨在帮助学生巩固所学的知识。
以下是全册的知识点总结和题及答案。
单元一：School Life- 主要知识点：学校设施、学校日常活动- 题：1. What facilities does your school have?（答案根据实际情况）2. Describe a typical school day.（答案根据个人经历）单元二：Family Time- 主要知识点：家庭成员、家庭活动- 题：1. How many people are there in your family?（答案根据实际情况）2. Describe a family activity that you enjoy.（答案根据个人经历）单元三：Hobbies and Interests- 主要知识点：爱好和兴趣、表达喜欢与不喜欢- 题：1. What is your favorite hobby? Why?（个人回答）2. List three things you like and three things you don't like.（个人回答）单元四：Healthy Living- 主要知识点：健康生活方式、饮食和运动- 题：1. What do you do to stay healthy?（个人回答）2. Describe a healthy meal.（个人回答）单元五：Travel and Adventure- 主要知识点：旅行和冒险、地理和文化知识- 题：1. Describe a place you would like to visit and why.（个人回答）2. What is a famous landmark in your country?（个人回答）单元六：Technology and Innovation- 主要知识点：科技和创新、数字产品和服务- 题：1. How has technology changed your life?（个人回答）2. What is your favorite digital device or service?（个人回答）- 主要知识点：语言和交流、不同国家和文化的语言- 题：1. How many languages can you speak?（个人回答）2. List three words in a language other than English.（个人回答）单元八：Entertainment and Media- 主要知识点：娱乐和媒体、影视作品和音乐- 题：1. What is your favorite movie or TV show? Why?（个人回答）2. Describe a song or piece of music you like.（个人回答）以上是沪教牛津版初二下册英语的知识点总结和题及答案。
牛津英语上海版八年级下课本知识重点
Unit11 average 平均的；平均数The average age of the students is 15.2 item 一件物品；节目；项目She had the most expensive item on the menu.3 product产品[C]a product many products区别goods, goods生来复数4 fighter 斗士；战士--注意复数fight-fought-foughtfight against pollution对抗污染fight for freedom为自由而战5 fact 事实in fact事实上；实际eg; She looks young, but in fact she is 54 years old.6 scientist科学家—注意单复scien ce科学scien tific科学的7 be interested in对…感兴趣be keen on/really likehave interest in/show interest inhave no interest in…in是介词;介词后面跟doing8 suppose认为；假设；假定；推断Eg; I suppose prices will go down.Scientists supposed that large dinosaurs lived in swamps.(沼泽)9 breathe呼吸Eg; The air was so cold that we could hardly breathe.Most people don’t realize that they are breathing polluted air.breathe in吸入His illness is the result of breathing in harmful gases over many years.breathe out呼出Human beings breathe in oxygen and breathe out carbon dioxide.brea th n.out of breath 上气不接下气take a deep breath深呼吸10 gas---gases 气体；气态；煤气11 release---let…out释放Four prisoners were released12 produce=make 制造13 alive活着的；健在的be aliveLu Xun isn’t alive while Han Han is alive.区别living; living things生物14 as well asEg; The captain, as well as the passengers, was saved.The captain and the passengers were saved.She is beautiful as well as clever.15 nature---natural16 warn sb not to do sth.警告某人不要做某事warn---warning17 protect保护protect A from B stop A fromBprevent A fromB save A from Bkeep A from B18 chemical化学的；化学物质chemistry化学---chemical19 join the army参军（组织）Would you like to join us?join in=take part in参加活动attend 出席（学校；会议；俱乐部）20 communicate with sb和某人交流沟通communicate with one another/each other相互交流沟通21 one another=each otherone another侧重三方以上的相互each other双方的相互22 burn---burnt---burntburn---burned---burned23 replace=take the place of sb/sth24 hardly any=almost none hardly any没有什么东西25 main---mainly26 lorry---lorries27 make sb do让某人做某事28 thank sb for doing sth感谢某人做了某事29 belong to sb sb是宾格；属于;无进行无被动30 by doing sth/ by not doing sth通过做某事/通过不做某事31 what good=what advantages什么好处32 what else 别的什么；其他的..33 五个感官动词look sound smell taste feel加形容词；注意look和look at；注意well34 too在否定句中变成either35 certain---certainly当然36 for example加句子有逗号such as 加名词或动名词37 remind sb of sth使某人想起什么；提醒某人某事38 contain—container39 区别protect…from…和protect…by…看意思。
牛津上海版初中英语八年级下册(英语单词表)
牛津上海版初中英语八年级下册（英语单词表，带发音）Module 1 Unit 1average英音 [ˈæv ər ɪd ʒ]美音 [ˈæv ər ɪd ʒ]n. 平均；平均数；海损 adj. 平均的；普通的；通常的 vt. 算出…的平均数；将…平均分…item英音 [ˈa ɪt əm]美音 [ˈa ɪt əm]n. 条款，项目；一则；一件商品（或物品）adj. 又，同上 v. 记下；逐条列出product英音 [ˈpr ɒd ʌkt]美音 [ˈprɑːd ʌkt]n. 产品；结果；[数] 乘积；作品fighter英音 [ˈfa ɪt ə(r)]美音 [ˈfa ɪt ər]n. 战士，斗争者；斗士；奋斗者；好战者fact英音 [fækt]美音 [fækt]n. 事实；实际；真相scientist英音 [ˈsa ɪənt ɪst]美音 [ˈsa ɪənt ɪst]n. 科学家interested英音 [ˈɪntr əstɪd]美音 [ˈɪntr əst ɪd; ˈɪntrest ɪd]v. 使…感兴趣（interest的过去分词） adj. 感兴趣的；有权益的；有成见的interested in un. 感兴趣；尽力；关心；对…关注be interested in v. 对…感兴趣notebook英音 [ˈn əʊtb ʊk]美音 [ˈno ʊtb ʊk]n. 笔记本，笔记簿；手册suppose英音 [s əˈp əʊz]美音 [s əˈpo ʊz]conj. 假使…结果会怎样 vt. 假设；认为；让（虚拟语气）；推想 vi. 猜想；料想breathe英音 [bri ːð]美音 [bri ːð]vi. 呼吸；低语；松口气；（风）轻拂 vt. 呼吸；使喘息；流露；低声说pure英音 [pj ʊə(r)]美音 [pj ʊr]adj. 纯的；纯粹的；纯洁的；清白的；纯理论的n. 气体；[矿业] 瓦斯；汽油；毒气 vt. 加油；gas 英音 [ɡæs]美音 [ɡæs]毒（死） vi. 加油；放出气体；空谈release英音 [rɪˈliːs]美音 [rɪˈliːs]n. 释放；发布；让与 vt. 释放；发射；让与；允许发表oxygen英音 [ˈɒksɪdʒən]美音 [ˈɑːksɪdʒən]n. [化学] 氧气，[化学] 氧hectare英音 [ˈhekteə(r)]美音 [ˈhekter]n. 公顷（等于1万平方米）produce英音 [prəˈdjuːs]美音 [prəˈduːs]n. 农产品，产品 vt. 生产；引起；创作；生育，繁殖 vi. 生产，创作alive英音 [əˈlaɪv]美音 [əˈlaɪv]adj. 活着的；活泼的；有生气的as well as英音 [æz wel əz]美音 [æz wel əz]na. 和…一样；…不用说natural英音 [ˈnætʃrəl]美音 [ˈnætʃrəl]adj. 自然的；物质的；天生的；不做作的 n.自然的事情；白痴；本位音air conditioner n. 空调warn英音 [wɔːn]美音 [wɔːrn]vt. 警告，提醒；通知 vi. 发出警告，发出预告protect英音 [prəˈtekt]美音 [prəˈtekt]vt. 保护，防卫；警戒chemical英音 [ˈkemɪkl]美音 [ˈkemɪkl]n. 化学制品，化学药品 adj. 化学的nasty英音 [ˈnɑːsti]美音 [ˈnæsti]adj. 下流的；肮脏的；脾气不好的；险恶的 n.令人不快的事物 性的吸引力join英音 [dʒɔɪn]美音 [dʒɔɪn]vt. 参加；结合；连接 vi. 加入；参加；结合 n.结合；连接；接合点communicate英音 [kəˈmjuːnɪkeɪt]vi. 通讯，传达；相通；交流；感染 vt. 传达；感染；显露Module 1 Unit 2美音 [k əˈmju ːn ɪke ɪt]one another pron. 互相burn英音 [b ɜːn]美音 [b ɜːrn]n. 灼伤，烧伤；烙印 vt. 燃烧；烧毁，灼伤；激起…的愤怒 vi. 燃烧；烧毁；发热replace英音 [r ɪˈple ɪs]美音 [r ɪˈple ɪs]vt. 取代，代替；替换，更换；归还，偿还；把…放回原处hardly英音 [ˈhɑːdli]美音 [ˈhɑːrdli]adv. 几乎不，简直不；刚刚destroy英音 [d ɪˈstr ɔɪ]美音 [d ɪˈstr ɔɪ]vt. 破坏；消灭；毁坏exchange英音 [ɪks ˈt ʃe ɪnd ʒ]美音 [ɪks ˈt ʃe ɪnd ʒ]n. 交换；交流；交易所；兑换 vt. 交换；交易；兑换 vi. 交换；交易；兑换nature英音 [ˈne ɪt ʃə(r)]美音 [ˈne ɪt ʃər]n. 自然；性质；本性；种类main英音 [me ɪn]美音 [me ɪn]n. 主要部分，要点；体力；总管道 adj. 主要的，最重要的；全力的lorry英音 [ˈl ɒri]美音 [ˈl ɔːri]n. （英）卡车；[车辆] 货车；运料车daily英音 [ˈde ɪli]美音 [ˈde ɪli]n. 日报；朝来夜去的女佣 adj. 日常的；每日的 adv. 日常地；每日；天天amount英音 [əˈma ʊnt]美音 [əˈma ʊnt]n. 数量；总额，总数 vi. 总计，合计；相当于；共计；产生…结果increase英音 [ɪn ˈkri ːs; ˈɪŋkri ːs; ˈɪnkri ːs]美音 [ɪn ˈkri ːs; ˈɪŋkri ːs; ˈɪnkri ːs]n. 增加，增长；提高 vt. 增加，加大 vi. 增加，增大；繁殖remain 英音 [r ɪˈme ɪn]美音 [r ɪˈme ɪn]n. 遗迹；剩余物，残骸 vi. 保持；依然；留下；剩余；逗留；残存symbol 英音 [ˈs ɪmb(ə)l]n. 象征；符号；标志flow英音 [fləʊ]美音 [floʊ]n. 流动；流量；涨潮，泛滥 vt. 淹没，溢过 vi.流动，涌流；川流不息；飘扬washbasin英音 [ˈwɒʃbeɪsn]美音 [ˈwɑːʃbeɪsn]n. 脸盆vanish英音 [ˈvænɪʃ]美音 [ˈvænɪʃ]n. 弱化音 vi. 消失；突然不见；成为零 vt. 使不见，使消失drain英音 [dreɪn]美音 [dreɪn]n. 排水；下水道，排水管；消耗 vt. 喝光，耗尽；使流出；排掉水 vi. 排水；流干impatient英音 [ɪmˈpeɪʃ(ə)nt]美音 [ɪmˈpeɪʃnt]adj. 焦躁的；不耐心的obey英音 [əˈbeɪ]美音 [əˈbeɪ]vt. 服从，听从；按照……行动 vi. 服从，顺从；听话faint英音 [feɪnt]美音 [feɪnt]n. [中医] 昏厥，昏倒 adj. 模糊的；头晕的；虚弱的；[医] 衰弱的 vi. 昏倒；变得微弱；变得…float英音 [fləʊt]美音 [floʊt]n. 彩车，花车；漂流物；浮舟；浮萍 vi. 浮动；飘动，散播；摇摆；付诸实施 vt. 使漂…comfortably英音 [ˈkʌmftəbli; ˈkʌmfətəbli]美音 [ˈkʌmftəbliˌˈkʌmfərtəbli]adv. 舒服地；安乐地；充裕地relax英音 [rɪˈlæks]美音 [rɪˈlæks]vi. 放松，休息；松懈，松弛；变从容；休养vt. 放松；使休息；使松弛；缓和；使松懈clean up英音 [ˈkliːn ʌp]美音 [ˈkliːn ʌp]na. 收拾干净；【机械工程】改正；〔俚语〕赚厚利puzzled英音 [ˈpʌz(ə)ld]美音 [ˈpʌzld]adj. 困惑的；茫然的；搞糊涂的treatment英音 [ˈtriːtmənt]美音 [ˈtriːtmənt]n. 治疗，疗法；处理；对待works英音 [wɜːks]n. 作品；工厂；工程结构thorough英音 [ˈθʌrə]美音 [ˈθɜːroʊ]adj. 彻底的；十分的；周密的cleaning英音 [ˈkliːnɪŋ]美音 [ˈkliːnɪŋ]n. 清洗；清除；去污；大败 v. 清洁（clean的ing形式）pipe英音 [paɪp]美音 [paɪp]n. 管；烟斗；笛 vt. 用管道输送；尖声唱；用管乐器演奏 vi. 吹笛；尖叫until英音 [ənˈtɪl]美音 [ənˈtɪl]prep. 在…以前；到…为止 conj. 在…以前；直到…时sewage英音 [ˈsuːɪdʒ]美音 [ˈsuːɪdʒ]n. 污水；下水道；污物sewage plant污水处理厂；污水厂；污水站pump英音 [pʌmp]美音 [pʌmp]n. 泵，抽水机；打气筒 vt. 打气；用抽水机抽… vi. 抽水precious英音 [ˈpreʃəs]美音 [ˈpreʃəs]adj. 宝贵的；珍贵的；矫揉造作的liquid英音 [ˈlɪkwɪd]美音 [ˈlɪkwɪd]adj. 液体的；清澈的；明亮的；易变的 n. 液体，流体；流音rest 英音 [rest]美音 [rest]n. 休息，静止；休息时间；剩余部分；支架vt. 使休息，使轻松；把…寄托于 vi. 休息；…ordinary英音 [ˈɔːdnri]美音 [ˈɔːrdneri]adj. 普通的；平凡的；平常的 n. 普通；平常的人（或事）manufacture英音 [ˌmænjuˈfæktʃə(r)]美音 [ˌmænjuˈfæktʃər]n. 制造；产品；制造业 vt. 制造；加工；捏造vi. 制造equipment英音 [ɪˈkwɪpmənt]美音 [ɪˈkwɪpmənt]n. 设备，装备；器材tool英音 [tuːl]美音 [tuːl]n. 工具，用具；器械，机床；手段 vt. 用工具给……加工 vi. 使用工具；用机床装备工厂n. 图表；海图；图纸；排行榜 vt. 绘制…的图Module 1 Unit 3chart 英音 [t ʃɑːt]美音 [t ʃɑːrt]表；在海图上标出；详细计划；记录；记述…servant英音 [ˈs ɜːv ənt]美音 [ˈs ɜːrv ənt]n. 仆人，佣人；公务员；雇工electricity英音 [ɪˌlek ˈtr ɪs əti]美音 [ɪˌlek ˈtr ɪs əti]n. 电力；电流；强烈的紧张情绪trick英音 [tr ɪk]美音 [tr ɪk]n. 诡计；恶作剧；窍门；花招；骗局；欺诈adj. 特技的；欺诈的；有决窍的 vt. 欺骗；…foolish英音 [ˈfu ːl ɪʃ]美音 [ˈfu ːl ɪʃ]adj. 愚蠢的；傻的wire英音 [ˈwa ɪə(r)]美音 [ˈwa ɪər]n. 电线；金属丝；电报 vt. 拍电报；给…装电线 vi. 打电报meter英音 [ˈmi ːt ə(r)]美音 [ˈmi ːt ər]n. 米；仪表；[计量] 公尺；韵律 vt. 用仪表测量 vi. 用表计量measure英音 [ˈme ʒə(r)]美音 [ˈme ʒər]n. 测量；措施；程度；尺寸 vt. 测量；估量；权衡 vi. 测量；估量bill英音 [b ɪl]美音 [b ɪl]n. [法] 法案；广告；账单；[金融] 票据；钞票；清单 vt. 宣布；开账单；用海报宣传monthly英音 [ˈm ʌnθli]美音 [ˈm ʌnθli]adj. 每月的，每月一次的；有效期为一个月的n. 月刊 adv. 每月，每月一次in a way na. 在某一点上explanation英音 [ˌekspl əˈne ɪʃ(ə)n]美音 [ˌekspl əˈne ɪʃn]n. 说明，解释；辩解careful英音 [ˈke əf(ə)l]美音 [ˈkerfl]adj. 仔细的，小心的careful with 注意； 照顾be careful withv. 注意；照顾scratch英音 [skrætʃ]美音 [skrætʃ]n. 擦伤；抓痕；刮擦声；乱写 adj. 打草稿用的；凑合的；碰巧的 vt. 抓；刮；挖出；乱…invisible英音 [ɪnˈvɪzəb(ə)l]美音 [ɪnˈvɪzəbl]adj. 无形的，看不见的；无形的；不显眼的，暗藏的bulb英音 [bʌlb]美音 [bʌlb]n. 电灯泡；鳞茎；球状物 vi. 生球茎；膨胀成球状connect to un. 接于bury英音 [ˈberi]美音 [ˈberi]vt. 埋葬；隐藏power station n. 发电厂；发电站politely英音 [pəˈlaɪtli]美音 [pəˈlaɪtli]adv. 有礼貌地；客气地；委婉地；殷勤地grin英音 [ɡrɪn]美音 [ɡrɪn]n. 露齿笑 v. 露齿而笑，咧着嘴笑contain英音 [kənˈteɪn]美音 [kənˈteɪn]vi. 含有；自制 vt. 包含；控制；容纳；牵制（敌军）clear英音 [klɪə(r)]美音 [klɪr]n. 清除；空隙 adj. 清楚的；清澈的；晴朗的；无罪的 vt. 通过；清除；使干净；跳过 v…iron英音 [ˈaɪən]美音 [ˈaɪərn]n. 熨斗；烙铁；坚强 adj. 铁的；残酷的；刚强的 vt. 熨；用铁铸成 vi. 熨衣；烫平switch英音 [swɪtʃ]美音 [swɪtʃ]n. 开关；转换；鞭子 vi. 转换；抽打；换防 vt.转换；用鞭子等抽打off英音 [ɒf]美音 [ɔːf]prep. 离开；脱落 adv. 切断；走开 adj. 远离的；空闲的switch off na. 不收听(某一广播)lock英音 [lɒk]美音 [lɑːk]vt. 锁，锁上；隐藏 vi. 锁；锁住；卡住 n.锁；水闸；刹车test 英音 [test]美音 [test]n. 试验；检验 vt. 试验；测试 vi. 试验；测试Module 1 Unit 4encourage 英音 [ɪn ˈk ʌr ɪd ʒ]美音 [ɪn ˈk ɜːr ɪd ʒ]vt. 鼓励，怂恿；激励；支持behave 英音 [b ɪˈhe ɪv]美音 [b ɪˈhe ɪv]vi. 表现；（机器等）运转；举止端正；（事物）起某种作用 vt. 使守规矩；使表现得…polite 英音 [p əˈla ɪt]美音 [p əˈla ɪt]adj. 有礼貌的，客气的；文雅的；上流的；优雅的staff 英音 [stɑːf]美音 [stæf]n. 职员；参谋；棒；支撑 adj. 职员的；行政工作的 vt. 供给人员；给…配备职员 vi. 雇用…customer 英音 [ˈk ʌst əm ə(r)]美音 [ˈk ʌst əm ər]n. 顾客；家伙passage英音 [ˈpæs ɪd ʒ]美音 [ˈpæs ɪd ʒ]n. 一段（文章）；走廊；通路term英音 [t ɜːm]美音 [t ɜːrm]n. 术语；学期；期限；条款；(代数式等的)项vt. 把…叫做publish英音 [ˈp ʌbl ɪʃ]美音 [ˈp ʌbl ɪʃ]vi. 出版；发行；刊印 vt. 出版；发表；公布elect英音 [ɪˈlekt]美音 [ɪˈlekt]n. 被选的人；特殊阶层；上帝的选民 adj. 选出的；当选的；卓越的 vi. 作出选择；进行选…chief英音 [t ʃi ːf]美音 [t ʃi ːf]n. 首领；酋长；主要部分 adj. 首席的；主要的；主任的 adv. 主要地；首要地editor英音 [ˈed ɪt ə(r)]美音 [ˈed ɪt ər]n. 编者，编辑；社论撰写人；编辑装置suggest英音 [s əˈd ʒest]美音 [s əˈd ʒest ˌs əɡˈd ʒest]vt. 提议，建议；启发；使人想起；显示；暗示experience英音 [ɪk ˈsp ɪəri əns]美音 [ɪk ˈsp ɪri əns]n. 经验；经历；体验 vt. 经验；经历；体验take charge ofna. 看守ought to modalv. 应该；应当；（表示期望或可能发生的事）应该；（表示劝告或建议）应该 v. 应该talk ... over na. 商谈；说服reader英音 [ˈriːdə(r)]美音 [ˈriːdər]n. 读者；阅读器；读物consider英音 [kənˈsɪdə(r)]美音 [kənˈsɪdər]vi. 考虑；认为；细想 vt. 考虑；认为；考虑到；细想briefly英音 [ˈbriːfli]美音 [ˈbriːfli]adv. 短暂地；简略地；暂时地whether英音 [ˈweðə(r)]美音 [ˈweðər]conj. 是否；不论 pron. 两个中的哪一个a bit na. 有点儿〔作副词用〕decision英音 [dɪˈsɪʒ(ə)n]美音 [dɪˈsɪʒn]n. 决定，决心；决议make adecision做出决定；做决定；作出决定conclude英音 [kənˈkluːd]美音 [kənˈkluːd]vi. 推断；断定；决定 vt. 推断；决定，作结论；结束monitor英音 [ˈmɒnɪtə(r)]美音 [ˈmɑːnɪtər]n. 监视器；监听器；监控器；显示屏；班长vt. 监控choice英音 [tʃɔɪs]美音 [tʃɔɪs]n. 选择；选择权；精选品 adj. 精选的；仔细推敲的agree on na. 对…意见一致youth英音 [juːθ]美音 [juːθ]n. 青年；青春；年轻；青少年时期in all na. 总计talent英音 [ˈtælənt]美音 [ˈtælənt]n. 才能；天才；天资gather英音 [ˈɡæðə(r)]n. 聚集；衣褶；收获量 vt. 收集；收割；使…聚集；使…皱起 vi. 聚集；化脓；皱起Module 1 Unit 5美音 [ˈɡæðər]congratulation英音 [k ən ˌɡræt ʃu ˈle ɪʃn]美音 [k ən ˌɡræt ʃu ˈle ɪʃn]n. 祝贺；贺辞deserve英音 [d ɪˈz ɜːv]美音 [d ɪˈz ɜːrv]vi. 应受，应得 vt. 应受，应得delighted英音 [d ɪˈla ɪt ɪd]美音 [d ɪˈla ɪt ɪd]adj. 高兴的；欣喜的 v. 使…兴高采烈；感到快乐（delight的过去分词）shame英音 [ʃe ɪm]美音 [ʃe ɪm]n. 羞耻，羞愧；憾事，带来耻辱的人 vt. 使丢脸，使羞愧record英音 [ˈrek ɔːd; r ɪˈk ɔːd]美音 [ˈrek ərd; r ɪˈk ɔːrd]n. 档案，履历；唱片；最高纪录 adj. 创纪录的 vt. 记录，记载；标明；将...录音 vi. 记录…team 英音 [ti ːm]美音 [ti ːm]n. 队；组 vt. 使合作 vi. 合作design英音 [d ɪˈza ɪn]美音 [d ɪˈza ɪn]n. 设计；图案 vt. 设计；计划；构思 vi. 设计feature英音 [ˈfi ːt ʃə(r)]美音 [ˈfi ːt ʃər]n. 特色，特征；容貌；特写或专题节目 vt. 特写；以…为特色；由…主演 vi. 起重要作用complain英音 [k əm ˈple ɪn]美音 [k əm ˈple ɪn]vi. 投诉；发牢骚；诉说 vt. 抱怨；控诉committee英音 [k əˈm ɪti]美音 [k əˈm ɪti]n. 委员会prize英音 [pra ɪz]美音 [pra ɪz]n. 奖品；奖赏；战利品 adj. 获奖的 vt. 珍视；捕获；估价sight英音 [sa ɪt]美音 [sa ɪt]n. 视力；景象；眼界；见解 adj. 见票即付的；即席的 vt. 看见；瞄准 vi. 瞄准；观看soul英音 [s əʊl]美音 [so ʊl]n. 灵魂；心灵；精神；鬼魂 adj. 美国黑人文化的balancen. 平衡；余额；匀称 vt. 使平衡；结算；使相英音 [ˈbæləns]美音 [ˈbæləns]称 vi. 保持平衡；相称；抵销line英音 [laɪn]美音 [laɪn]n. 路线，航线；排；绳 vt. 排成一行；划线于；以线条标示；使…起皱纹 vi. 排队；站成…belong to v. 属于；附属drama英音 [ˈdrɑːmə]美音 [ˈdrɑːmə]n. 戏剧，戏剧艺术；剧本；戏剧性事件as soon as na. 一…就；见 soon 条reception英音 [rɪˈsepʃn]美音 [rɪˈsepʃn]n. 接待；接收；招待会；感受；反应exclaim英音 [ɪkˈskleɪm]美音 [ɪkˈskleɪm]vt. 大声说出 vi. 呼喊，惊叫；大声叫嚷bark英音 [bɑːk]美音 [bɑːrk]n. 树皮；深青棕色；毛皮；皮肤；狗叫 vt. 狗叫；尖叫；剥皮at once英音 [æt wʌns]美音 [æt wʌns]na. 立刻；同时guest 英音 [ɡest]美音 [ɡest]n. 客人，宾客；顾客 adj. 客人的；特邀的，客座的 vt. 款待，招待 vi. 作客，寄宿lead英音 [liːd]美音 [liːd; led]n. 领导；铅；导线；榜样 vt. 领导；致使；引导；指挥 vi. 领导；导致；用水砣测深 adj. …personally英音 [ˈpɜːsənəli]美音 [ˈpɜːrsənəli]adv. 亲自地；当面；个别地；就自己而言sensible英音 [ˈsensəbl]美音 [ˈsensəbl]n. 可感觉到的东西; 敏感的人; adj. 明智的; 通情达理的; 合乎情理的; 意识到的，能感觉到的;describe英音 [dɪˈskraɪb]美音 [dɪˈskraɪb]vt. 描述，形容；描绘alarm英音 [əˈlɑːm]美音 [əˈlɑːrm]n. 闹钟；警报，警告器；惊慌 vt. 警告；使惊恐fire alarm n. 火警钟；火警报警器go off na. 进行得 (well； badly)；(话等)冒出surface英音 [ˈsɜːfɪs]美音 [ˈsɜːrfɪs]n. 表面；表层；外观 adj. 表面的，肤浅的 vt.使浮出水面；使成平面 vi. 浮出水面dead 英音 [ded]美音 [ded]n. 死者 adj. 无生命的；呆板的；废弃了的adv. 完全地cough英音 [kɒf]美音 [kɔːf]n. 咳嗽，咳嗽声；咳嗽病 vt. 咳出 vi. 咳嗽seem英音 [siːm]美音 [siːm]vi. 似乎；像是；装作wave英音 [weɪv]美音 [weɪv]n. 波动；波浪；高潮；挥手示意；卷曲 vt. 卷（烫）发；向…挥手示意；使成波浪形 vi. 波…save one's life挽救某人生命；挽救某人的生命；救某人的命lend 英音 [lend]美音 [lend]vt. 贷；增添，提供；把……借给 vi. 贷款event英音 [ɪˈvent]美音 [ɪˈvent]n. 事件，大事；项目；结果take care v. 当心；留心mind英音 [maɪnd]美音 [maɪnd]n. 理智，精神；意见；智力；记忆力 vt. 介意；专心于；照料 vi. 介意；注意look out英音 [lʊk aʊt]美音 [lʊk aʊt]na. 挑选；注意；看外头；展望 (on；over) watch out na. 当心；留神；小心；提防label英音 [ˈleɪb(ə)l]美音 [ˈleɪbl]vt. 标注；贴标签于 n. 标签；商标；签条harbour英音 [ˈhɑːbə(r)]美音 [ˈhɑːrbər]n. 海港（等于harbor）；避难所 vt. 庇护；藏匿；入港停泊 vi. 藏匿；入港停泊；庇护Module 1 Unit 6defeat英音 [dɪˈfiːt]美音 [dɪˈfiːt]n. 失败的事实；击败的行为 vt. 击败，战胜；挫败使失败wine英音 [waɪn]美音 [waɪn]n. 酒，葡萄酒；紫红色 vt. 请…喝酒 vi. 喝酒adult英音 [ˈædʌlt; əˈdʌlt]美音 [əˈdʌlt; ˈædʌlt]n. 成年人 adj. 成年的；成熟的France英音 [frɑːns]美音 [fræns]n. 法国；法郎士（姓氏）now that na. 由于abroad英音 [əˈbrɔːd]美音 [əˈbrɔːd]n. 海外；异国 adj. 往国外的 adv. 在国外；到海外Paris英音 [ˈpærɪs]美音 [ˈpærɪs]n. 巴黎（法国首都）；帕里斯（特洛伊王子）destination英音 [ˌdestɪˈneɪʃn]美音 [ˌdestɪˈneɪʃn]n. 目的地，终点world-famous英音 [ˌwɜːld ˈfeɪməs]美音 [ˌwɜːrld ˈfeɪməs]adj. 举世闻名的landmark英音 [ˈlændmɑːk]美音 [ˈlændmɑːrk]n. [航]陆标；地标；界标；里程碑；纪念碑；地界标；划时代的事 adj. 有重大意义或影响的such as英音 [sʌtʃ æz]美音 [sʌtʃ æz]un. 例如；像；象…这样；诸如…之类tree-lined adj. 每边都有树的attraction英音 [əˈtrækʃn]美音 [əˈtrækʃn]n. 吸引，吸引力；引力；吸引人的事物go on to do something 接下来做另一件事情；接着做另一件事；做完某事改做其他事enable英音 [ɪˈneɪbl]美音 [ɪˈneɪbl]vt. 使能够，使成为可能；授予权利或方法agricultural英音 [ˌæɡrɪˈkʌltʃərəl]美音 [ˌæɡrɪˈkʌltʃərəl]adj. 农业的；农艺的region英音 [ˈriːdʒən]美音 [ˈriːdʒən]n. 地区；范围；部位wheat英音 [wiːt]美音 [wiːt]n. 小麦；小麦色sunflower英音 [ˈsʌnflaʊə(r)]美音 [ˈsʌnflaʊər]n. 向日葵vineyard英音 [ˈvɪnjəd]美音 [ˈvɪnjərd]n. 葡萄园excellent英音 [ˈeksələnt]美音 [ˈeksələnt]adj. 卓越的；极好的；杰出的scenic英音 [ˈsiːnɪk]美音 [ˈsiːnɪk]n. 风景胜地；风景照片 adj. 风景优美的；舞台的；戏剧的castle英音 [ˈkɑːs(ə)l]美音 [ˈkæsl]n. 城堡；象棋中的车 vt. 置…于城堡中；筑城堡防御queen英音 [kwiːn]美音 [kwiːn]n. 女王，王后；（纸牌中的）皇后；（蜜蜂等的）蜂王 vt. 使…成为女王或王后 vi. 做女王influence英音 [ˈɪnfluəns]美音 [ˈɪnfluəns]n. 影响；势力；感化；有影响的人或事 vt. 影响；改变in some ways在某些方面；在某种程度上；在一些方面French英音 [frentʃ]美音 [frentʃ]n. 法国人；法语 adj. 法国的；法语的；法国人的cheese英音 [tʃiːz]美音 [tʃiːz]n. [食品] 奶酪；干酪；要人 adj. 叛变的；胆小的 vt. 停止leader英音 [ˈliːdə(r)]美音 [ˈliːdər]n. 领导者；首领；指挥者culture英音 [ˈkʌltʃə(r)]美音 [ˈkʌltʃər]n. 文化，文明；修养；栽培 vt. [细胞][微] 培养（等于cultivate）Module 1 Unit 7further 英音 [ˈf ɜːðə(r)]美音 [ˈf ɜːrðər]adj. 更远的；深一层的 vt. 促进，助长；增进d进步地而且更远地concert 英音 [ˈk ɒns ət]美音 [ˈkɑːns ərt]n. 音乐会；一致；和谐 adj. 音乐会用的；在音乐会上演出的 vt. 使协调；协同安排 vi. 协…throughout 英音 [θru ːˈa ʊt]美音 [θru ːˈa ʊt]prep. 贯穿，遍及 adv. 自始至终，到处；全部level 英音 [ˈlev(ə)l]美音 [ˈlevl]n. 水平；标准；水平面 adj. 水平的；平坦的；同高的 vi. 瞄准；拉平；变得平坦 vt. 使…at work na. 做着；在工作；起着作用；运转中site 英音 [sa ɪt]美音 [sa ɪt]n. 地点；位置；场所 vt. 设置；为…选址crane英音 [kre ɪn]美音 [kre ɪn]n. 吊车，起重机；鹤 vt. 用起重机起吊；伸长脖子 vi. 伸着脖子看；迟疑，踌躇narrow英音 [ˈnær əʊ]美音 [ˈnæro ʊ]adj. 狭窄的，有限的；勉强的；精密的；度量小的 n. 海峡；狭窄部分，隘路 vt. 使变狭窄…plank英音 [plæŋk]美音 [plæŋk]n. [木] 厚木板；支架；政纲条款 vt. 在…上铺板；撂下；立刻付款scared英音 [ske əd]美音 [skerd]v. 使害怕（scare的过去分词） adj. 害怕的verse英音 [v ɜːs]美音 [v ɜːrs]n. 诗，诗篇；韵文；诗节 vi. 作诗 vt. 使熟练，使精通on one's own na. 独自地；独立地；凭自己力量；主动地pleased英音 [pli ːzd]美音 [pli ːzd]adj. 高兴的；喜欢的；乐意做某事 v. 满意；愿意（please的过去分词形式）pleased with 对…满意；高兴；很满意be pleased with na. 喜欢attention英音 [əˈten ʃ(ə)n]n. 注意力；关心；立正！（口令）pay attention v. 注意scold英音 [skəʊld]美音 [skoʊld]n. 责骂；爱责骂的人 vt. 骂；责骂 vi. 责骂；叱责detention英音 [dɪˈtenʃn]美音 [dɪˈtenʃn]n. 拘留；延迟；挽留chat英音 [tʃæt]美音 [tʃæt]n. 聊天；闲谈 vt. 与…搭讪；与…攀谈 vi. 聊天；闲谈alone英音 [əˈləʊn]美音 [əˈloʊn]adj. 独自的；单独的；孤独的 adv. 独自地；单独地author英音 [ˈɔːθə(r)]美音 [ˈɔːθər]n. 作者；作家；创始人 vt. 创作出版pretend英音 [prɪˈtend]美音 [prɪˈtend]vt. 假装，伪装，模拟 adj. 假装的 vi. 假装，伪装，佯装score英音 [skɔː(r)]美音 [skɔːr]n. 分数；二十；配乐；刻痕 vt. 获得；评价；划线，刻划；把…记下 vi. 得分；记分；刻痕thankgoodnessun. 谢天谢地；自动向某人致谢concern英音 [kənˈsɜː(r)n]美音 [kənˈsɜːrn]n. 关系；关心；关心的事；忧虑 vt. 涉及，关系到；使担心accept英音 [əkˈsept]美音 [əkˈsept]vi. 承认；同意；承兑 vt. 接受；承认；承担；承兑；容纳reject英音 [rɪˈdʒekt]美音 [rɪˈdʒekt]n. 被弃之物或人；次品 vt. 拒绝；排斥；抵制；丢弃feel like na. 〈口〉想要…；愿意…；感觉像是…express英音 [ɪkˈspres]美音 [ɪkˈspres]n. 快车，快递，专使；捷运公司 vt. 表达；快递 adj. 明确的；迅速的；专门的pain英音 [peɪn]n. 疼痛；努力 vt. 使…痛苦；使…烦恼 vi. 感到疼痛；引起疼痛medicine英音 [ˈmedsn; ˈmedɪsn]美音 [ˈmedɪsn]n. 药；医学；内科；巫术 vt. 用药物治疗；给…用药generous英音 [ˈdʒenərəs]美音 [ˈdʒenərəs]adj. 慷慨的，大方的；宽宏大量的；有雅量的honest英音 [ˈɒnɪst]美音 [ˈɑːnɪst]adj. 诚实的，实在的；可靠的；坦率的fair英音 [feə(r)]美音 [fer]n. 展览会；市集；美人 adj. 公平的；美丽的，白皙的；[气象] 晴朗的 vi. 转晴 adv. 公…patient英音 [ˈpeɪʃ(ə)nt]美音 [ˈpeɪʃnt]n. 病人；患者 adj. 有耐心的，能容忍的。
牛津上海版八年级下册英语期中重点知识点复习
八年级下英语期中重点知识点复习教案复习要点1. Word TransformationUnit1Unit2Unit3Unit 42. PhrasesU11. be interested in= have（great）interest in sth/doing sth 对…有（浓厚的）兴趣2. show（great）interest in sth/doing sth 对…表现出（浓厚的）兴趣3. fight for/against…为…/反对…而战4. have a fight with sb 与…打架5. take a deep breath 深呼吸6. one another = each other 互相7. air pollution 空气污染noise pollution 噪音污染壤污染water pollution 水污染soil pollution土壤污染8. be known as = be famous for 以…而出名9. release A into B 将A释放到B中take A from B 从B中取出A10. of course = certainly 当然U21.clean up 净化2.have/take a good rest (好好)休息一下3.a sewage plant 污水处理厂4.in reply to …作为对…的答复5.a water treatment works 自来水厂6. make （no）reply （不）作答复7.in the first place 首先，最初8. pure（A）into B）（把A）倒入（B）9.enjoy the view 欣赏风景enjoy +yourselves 玩的愉快enjoy +n或+V-ing 欣赏…喜欢…10.look around=look round 环顾四周look词组拓展：look for 寻找look like…看起来像…look after 照顾look up and down 上下打量look up…查阅look out=watch out小心；留神look down on sb 轻视；瞧不起look forward to +V-ing 盼望U 31.change…into… 把…改变成…2.different kinds of energy 不同种类的能量3.heat energy 热能4.moving energy 动能5.light energy 光能6.sound energy 声能7. a dangerous servant 一个危险地仆人8. a packet of sweets 一袋糖果9.trick sb. 戏弄某人U4 hold a meeting/be at the meeting 举行会议decide to do sth. 决定做某事the chief editor 主编suggest that sb. (should) do sth. 建议某人做某事vote for 投票（支持）elect sb. to be 选举某人做……take charge of 管理；掌管ought to do sth. 应该做某事take notes 记笔记be responsible for 对…负责make a list of sth. 列……的清单have an idea 想出主意think about… 考虑关于…make a decision about 做关于…的决定agree to do sth. 同意做某事arrange to do sth. 安排做某事U1-U4 基础练习1. Fill in the blanks with the given words in their proper forms.1. The boy is lying on the bed_________________ (comfortable) and listening to music.2.My brother is always________________ (patient) when he is doing his homework, so healways makes mistakes.3.The man's ________________ (work) became famous after he died.4.The boss has a plan to use fewer workers to do _______________ (much) work.5.Ken's voice sounded________________ (puzzle) when he heard a strange voice.6.We cleaned our________(chemical)lab yesterday afternoon.2. Choose the best answer1．the sixteenth of August, they arrived in London.A. OnB. InC. AtD. By2. There is “x” in the word, and it’s second letter in the word.A. an, theB. a, aC. the, anD. the, the3. I’m old enough to wash ________ clothes by myself. You can just wash ________.A. my; yourB. mine; yourC. my; yoursD. your, my4. There are more than three different trees in the forests.A. thousands ofB. thousand ofC. thousandsD. thousand5 Not only his parents but also his brother to Lucky Island twice.A. have beenB. have goneC. has beenD. has gone6. I think beef better than pork.A. was tastedB. tastedC. is tastingD. tastes7. It’s hard to keep the house with three kids.A. cleaning.B. to cleanC. cleanedD. clean8. Trees are important to us. Trees cool the air clean it.A. as well asB. so better asC. as good asD. as better as9. A: The teacher told Charles late for school again. .A. not to beB. not beC. don’t beD. not to10. Whales are one of in the world.A. largest animalsB. the largest animalsC. largest animalD. the largest animal3. Grammar第一单元现在进行时现在进行时的标志：1.句中有副词now时，，常表示动作正在进行，这时要用现在进行时。
上海牛津英语八年级下册
Units 1&2一．重点、难点归纳1.过去进行时（1）构成：was/were+现在分词He was reading a book at 4:00pm yesterday.（2）时间状语：just then, yesterday afternoon, at nine last night, at this/that time yesterday等。
What were you doing this time yesterday?（3）与频度副词always等连用时，表示过去经常反复的动作，常常有埋怨、讨厌、赞扬或喜爱等情绪。
He was always helping others.2.when 和 whilewhen 引导的从句中的谓语动词常是比较短暂的动作，用一般时。
while 引导的从句中的谓语动词常是比较长的动作，用进行时。
My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle.It was raining when they left the station.3.形容词（1）形容词放在系动词后，或名词前。
（2）常见的系动词：A.be动词（am, is, are, was, were)B.感官动词：look, sound, taste, smell, feel ....C.表示主语从一种状态转变到另一种状态的系动词：grow, get, turn, become, fall, go ...D.表示主语继续或保持某种身份、特征或状态的系动词：continue, keep, remain, stay等。
（3）形容词要放在修饰词someone, somebody, something, nothing等不定代词后。
something important.（4）有些形容词只能作表语（放在系动词后），不能作定语。
这些形容词大多以元音字母开头。
如：afraid, alike, alive, alone, asleep, awake, ill ....He is alone, but quite happy.二、重点句式1.It is +adj. + for sb. to do sth. 此句型中，形容词常表示事物的特征特点及客观形势，如：easy, hard, difficult, interesting, impossible等。
(完整)牛津英语上海版八年级下课本知识重点.doc
Unit11 average 平均的；平均数The average age of the students is 15.2 item 一件物品；目；目She had the most expensive item on the menu.3 product 品[C]a product many products区 goods, goods 生来复数4 fighter斗士；士--注意复数fight-fought-foughtfight against pollution 抗染fight for freedom 自由而5 fact 事in fact 事上；eg; She looks young, but in fact she is 54 years old.6 scientist 科学家—注意复science 科学 scientific 科学的7 be interested in⋯感趣be keen on/really likehave interest in/show interest inhave no interest in⋯in 是介 ;介后面跟doing8suppose ；假；假定；推断Eg; I suppose prices will go down.Scientists supposed that large dinosaurs lived in swamps.( 沼 )9 breathe 呼吸Eg; The air was so cold that we could hardly breathe.Most people don ’trealize that they are breathing polluted air .breathe in 吸入His illness is the result of breathing in harmful gases over many years.breathe out 呼出Human beings breathe in oxygen and breathe out carbon dioxide .breath n.out of breath 上气不接下气take a deep breath 深呼吸10 gas---gases 气体；气；煤气11 release---let⋯ out 放Four prisoners were released12 produce=make 制造13 alive 活着的；健在的be aliveLu Xun isn ’talive while Han Han is alive.区 living; living things生物14 as well asEg; The captain, as well as the passengers, was saved.The captain and the passengers were saved.She is beautiful as well as clever.15nature---natural16warn sb not to do sth. 警告某人不要做某事warn---warning17 protect 保protect A from B stop A fromBprevent A fromB save A from Bkeep A from B18 chemical 化学的；化学物chemistry 化学 ---chemical19 join the army 参（）Would you like to join us?join in=take part in参加活attend 出席（学校；会；俱部）20 communicate with sb 和某人交流沟通communicate with one another/each other 相互交流沟通21 one another=each otherone another 重三方以上的相互each other 双方的相互22 burn---burnt---burntburn---burned---burned23 replace=take the place of sb/sth24 hardly any=almost none hardly any 没有什么西25 main---mainly26 lorry---lorries27 make sb do 某人做某事28 thank sb for doing sth 感某人做了某事29 belong to sb sb 是格；属于;无行无被30 by doing sth/ by not doing sth通做某事 / 通不做某事31 what good=what advantages 什么好32 what else 的什么；其他的..33 五个感官look sound smell taste feel 加形容；注意look 和look at ；注意well34 too 在否定句中成either35 certain---certainly 当然36 for example 加句子有逗号such as 加名或名37 remind sb of sth 使某人想起什么；提醒某人某事38 contain —container39 区 protect⋯ from ⋯和 protect⋯ by⋯看意思。
上海牛津版英语八年级下册8BUnit2U2总结复习
学员编号：年级：初二课时数：学员姓名：辅导科目：英语学科教师：授课类型T Unit2（牛津8下）基础知识梳理星级★★★教学目标1、使学生能够基本掌握本单元中的基础词汇及重要句型；2、使学生熟练运用本节课所学的知识。
授课日期及时段（建议2-5分钟）Water in three states: liquid, solid , and water vapor in the air. Clouds are accumulations of water droplets, condensed from vapor-saturated air.Water is a chemical compound with the chemical formula H2O. A water molecule contains one oxygen and two hydrogen atoms connected by covalent bonds. Water is a liquid at temperatures above 0 °C (273.15 K, 32 °F) at sea level, but it often co-exists on Earth with its solid state, ice, and gaseous state (water vapor or steam). Water also exists in a liquid crystal state near hydrophilic surfaces.Water covers 71% of the Earth's surface,and is vital for all known forms of lifeOn Earth, 96.5% of the planet's water is found in oceans, 1.7% in groundwater, 1.7% in glaciers and the ice caps of Antarctica and Greenland, a small fraction in other large water bodies, and 0.001% in the air as vapor, clouds (formed of solid and liquid water particles suspended in air), and precipitation.[5][6] Only 2.5% of the Earth's water is freshwater, and 98.8% of that water is in ice and groundwater. Less than 0.3% of all freshwater is in rivers, lakes, and the atmosphere, and an even smaller amount of the Earth's freshwater (0.003%) is contained within biological bodies and manufactured products.Water on Earth moves continually through the hydrological cycle of evaporation and transpiration (evapotranspiration), condensation, precipitation, and runoff, usually reaching the sea. Evaporation and transpiration contribute to the precipitation over land.T同步-U2基础知识梳理1Safe drinking water is essential to humans and other lifeforms even though it provides no calories or organic nutrients. Access to safe drinking water has improved over the last decades in almost every part of the world, but approximately one billion people still lack access to safe water and over 2.5 billion lack access to adequate sanitation. There is a clear correlation between access to safe water and GDP per capita.However, some observers have estimated that by 2025 more than half of the world population will be facing water-based vulnerability. A recent report (November 2009) suggests that by 2030, in some developing regions of the world, water demand will exceed supply by 50%.Water plays an important role in the world economy, as it functions as a solvent for a wide variety of chemical substances and facilitates industrial cooling and transportation. Approximately 70% of the fresh water used by humans goes to agriculture.批注：通过和学生一起阅读这篇文章，了解水，然后引出今天的主题。
上海牛津版八年级下学期英语词组知识点梳理-(松江区教研室提供)
上海牛津版八年级下学期英语词组知识点梳理（松江区教研室提供）Unit 1be interested inbiggest and oldestliving thingsmake streets more beautiful and less noisyon the end ofcome fromsupposeenjoy breathing pure, cool air thank…fortake…fromharmful gasesrelease…intoproduce enough oxygenkeep …alive and healthycool the airas well asnatural air conditioners rundo the job ofknow a lot about sthattack a treewarnprotect themselves by doing sth join…togetherpass…tocommunicate with one another be in dangercut downreplacehardlydestroyexchangenaturemainUnit 2pour…intovanishdown the drainturn…offlook aroundsound impatient/puzzledIt’s not easy for me to get here. comfortablycarry…torelaxtravel a long wayIt was time to get cleaned up. give...a thorough cleaning add…towait…untilthe end of the journey remember not to do sth preciousWhat do you mean by doing sth no replaycome out ofto restordinarymanufactureequipmentUnit 3servanta packet of sth tricklook foolishflow through a wire measurethe amount of monthlyin a way explanationmuch more dangerousbe careful withCan you tell me what it looks like Be invisiblechange…intodifferent forms of energy come into our flatbe connected tocall…sth politely contain produce switch off lock encourage behave polite customerUnit 4hold a meeting/be at the meeting decide to do sththe chief editorsuggest that sb (should) do sth vote forelect sb. To betake charge ofought to do sthask forsuggestionhave experiencebe secretary of take notesthe other three be responsible for talk…over amongmake a list of sth publish the paper be free topay for sth considerbrieflyask whether…have an ideathink about…a bit longer make a decision about agree to do sth concludearrange to do sthin one week’s time agree on in all talent gather delighted shame design complainUnit 5belong toas soon aswalk into someplace book a roomYou’re welcome. allowsound like…interruptat oncebothlead sb. Personally to…before doing sth the location of the fire exit safetydescribe sth to sbin one own wordsbe asleepsmell smokego offmust be outsidethe phone was dead alonglay on the floorbesideseem likemoments later/seconds later be safesave one’s lifelend take care mind look out watch outUnit 61.now that: since2.be behind sb3.think about doing sth.4.go abroad国外/ aboard5.why not do sth/Why don’t sb.do sth.6.spread one’s wings7.one of the most popular touristdestinations8.such as / fore example9.wide, tree-lined streets10.the same size as / as big as11.attractions / attractive12.an hour away from/ how far13.the center of Paris14.offer to do sth. 15.go on to do sth./ go on doingsth.16.do it without doing sth17.enable…to / be able to do sth./ability (n.)18.travel…from… to…19.grow crops20.make + adj./ make sb. do sth21.excellent : very gooded to do sth. 过去常常做某事/ be used to doing习惯于做某23.be famous for24.the influence of ./ have aninfluence on25.in some way26.provide sb. for sth./ provide sth.for sb.27.a leader in art and culture ( led-leading)28.a lot of young students fromdifferent countries go to France 29.to further one’s study (why) 30.film festivals, exhibitions andconcerts31.throughout the world/all overthe worldUnit 71.be at home/ be at work2.a boring man/ make me bored3.on the site4.walk on a narrow plank5.scared/scary6.on one’s own: by oneself7.be pleased with(pleasing, pleasure, pleasant)8.be cross/ angry9.pay attention to10.scold sb11.put sb in detention 12.help sb in every way13.love chatting with sb (talk with)14.be puzzled by sth (puzzling)15.Pretend to do sth.16.concern about17.accept - acceptable18.express -expression19.honest- honesty-dishonest20.patient-patience-impatient-patiently-impatiently[。
2014上海牛津八下英语期末复习资料Unit 1
2014上海八年级下英语期末复习Unit 1Ⅰ.Choose the best answer1. We should have ________ fast food, ________ fresh vegetables and take enough exercise.A. fewer, fewerB. less, moreC. fewer, moreD. less, less2. This cup of water is very hot. You can only ________, or you will be hurt.A. eatB. drinkC. sipD. have3. Students will make great progress if they ________ a subject.A. are interested inB. are interestingC. are interestedD. are interesting in4. The index page of a book usually comes ________.A. at the beginning of a bookB. in the middle of a bookC. at the end of a bookD. at the bottom of each page5. Don’t ________ him ________ into the forest. We are not allowed ________ the big trees.A. let, goes, cut downB. let, go, to cut downC. lets, goes, cuts downD. lets, to go, cut down6. Have you finished your ________ homework?A. chemicalB. chemistry C chemical’s D. chemistry’s7. I ________ you again.A. warnedB. warnC. won’t warnD. am warning8. They were warned ________ the mountain in such bad weather.A. to climbB. not to climbC. climbingD. not climbing9. The room is ________ small ________ hold so many people.A. so, thatB. too, toC. very, toD. enough, to10.Her mother asked her where ________ holidays.A. did you spendB. you spent yourC. she spent herD. did she spendⅡ.Choose the words or expressions which are closest in meaning to underlined1. Doctor Ray is a scientist about trees. We suppose she knows everything about trees.2. My watch isn’t running well.3. There is hardly any chance that we will win the football match.4. The tea was so hot that she could not drink it fast, so she had to sip it.5. I don’t like the cheese with the nasty smell.1. He drove so fast that I really felt my life was in _________.2. Water is one kind of the ________ elements.3. The workers used a ________ to kill mice in the factory.4. The Japanese can not speak English. Would you please use Japanese to ________with them?5. There is a ________ before the film in each DVD.6. We must stop that factory from ________ the river as soon as possible.Ⅳ. Rewrite the sentence as required1. Trees are communicating with one another. （改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答）________ ________ communicating with one another? Yes, ________ ________.2. Judy is interviewing Doctor Ray. （改为否定句）Judy ________ ________ Doctor Ray.3. Scientists are only now beginning to understand trees. (对划线部分提问)________ ________ scientists only now beginning to ________?4. We are destroying our best fighters against pollution. （对划线部分提问）________ ________ you ________?Ⅴ. Reading comprehensionAA plant makes its own food in its leaves. Water comes to the leaves through the roots. Air goes into the leaves through very small holes. The green coloring in the leaves uses the water and air to make the food for the plant. It also needs sunshine because a plant can make food only when the sun is shining.Animals and people could not live without green plants. They both eat plants. People and some animals also eat the meat of some animals and these animals eat plants.T and F1. A plant gets food from its roots.2. A plant has very small holes in its leaves for air to come in.3. A plant can make its food when it is cloudy.4. Water comes into a plant through its roots.5. People could live without plants.BDeserts do not stay the same size. Sometimes they grow bigger. Sometimes they get smaller. The world’s biggest desert, the Sahara, is in Africa. Right now, the Sahara Desert is growing fast.Why is the Sahara growing? In some places, people farm too much. In other places, animals eat all the grass. Or，people cut down the trees. This makes the soil weak. Weak soil lets the desert grow.Why is it a problem? People cannot grow food in the desert. People cannot built houses, hospitals, or schools in the desert. So, people must leave their homes. They must live somewhere else.What can people do? They can plant trees. They can also farm less. These things make the soil stronger. Maybe the Sahara will stop growing. It’s a big problem. Many people must work together to solve it.T and F6. The size of the deserts stay the same all the time.7. One of the reasons for the growing of Sahara is farming too much.8. Deserts make trouble for people.9. Planting trees can help people farm less.10. Stopping the growing desert is not a big problem.。
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breathe v. 呼吸 例如： He breathed hard when he was ill yesterday. 他昨天生病时，费力地呼吸。 【同根词】：breath, 呼吸 例如： Smith?s heavy breath disturbed his wife?s sleep.史密斯沉重的呼吸扰乱了他太太的睡眠。 hectare n. 公顷 1 hectare = 10,000 suare metres (1公顷 = 10,000平方米) 例如： That factory covers an area of 150 hectares. 那个工厂占地150 公顷。 alive adj.（表语形容词） 活着；在世 【词义辨析】：alive， living 都是“活着”的意思，用法不同。例如： alive 是表语形容词，一般在句子中放在系动词后面，用作表语。例如： I am your friend as long as I am alive. 只要我活着就是你的朋友。 living 是定语形容词，一般在句子中放在名词前用作定语。例如： There are not any living things in the mountain area.在这个山区里没有任何活着的东西。 warn v. 警告：使警惕 例如： Xiaofeng warned me against pickpockets. 小峰警告我要提防扒手。 【同根词】： warning n. 警告；警示 例如： There is a warning sign at the corner of the street. 街角那儿有一块警示牌。 nature n. 自然界；大自然 例如： I am in favour of return to nature. 我赞成回归自然。 【同根词】：natural adj. 自然的 例如： This mountain village has natural beauty. 这个山村有自然的美。
as well as 也，还 例如： They study French as well as Chinese. 他们既学法语也学中文。 【词义辨析】：as well as, not only … but also, both … and… 都用于连接两个相同的语法部分。 as well as 强调的是两个相同语法部分的前者。例如： He can play violin as well as guitar. 他既能拉小提琴，也能弹吉他。（强调会小提琴） not only … but also … 强调的是两个相同语法部分的后者。例如： He can play not only violin but also guitar.他不仅能拉小提琴,也能弹吉他。（强调会吉他） both … and … 前后两个语法部分都注重。例如： He can play both violin and guitar. 他能演奏小提琴和吉他。（不分前后一样重要） air conditioner n. 空调 例如： Air conditioners make us feel more comfortable in summer and winter. 夏天和冬天，空调使我们感到更
【词组】：
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(be) interested in 对??感兴趣 例如： Are you interested in movies? 你对电影感兴趣吗？ 【词义辨析】：interested， interesting interested adj. 感兴趣的。一般表示对某人或某物感兴趣。例如： He is interested in computers. 他对电脑感兴趣。 interesting adj. 有趣的；令人感兴趣的。一般表示某样事物令人感兴趣。 He is an interesting boy. 他是个有趣的男孩。 Chemistry is an interesting subject. All of us are interested in it. 化学是一门有趣的学科，我们都对它感兴趣。