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2017四年级下册语文《一个中国孩子的呼声》生字表组词人教版

2017四年级下册语文《一个中国孩子的呼声》生字表组词人教版

2017四年级下册语文《一个中国孩子的呼声》生字表组词人教版2017鍥涘勾绾т缁勮瘝浜烘暀鐗??銆愮壓銆?璇婚煶锛歺墨宸ц?j矛锛夊搧鐨勬瘺鑹茬函涓€鐨勭壊鐣?缁勮瘝锛氱壓鐗?鐗虹墰鐗虹壊鍝?閫犲瓧锛氬舰澹版硶?绗旈『锛?€?鏃ュ嚭鏅掑お闃?鍊﹂笩鏍戜笂鏍?鐗虹壊鍦ㄦ垬鍦?2?銆愮壊銆?璇婚煶锛歴h膿ng宸ц?缁勮瘝锛氱壊鐣?鐗插彛鐗虹壊閫犲瓧锛氬舰澹版硶閫犲彞锛氬啘鍦洪噷楗插吇鐫€澶ч噺鐗茬暅銆?绗旈『锛?滅敓鈥濈珫璧风瑪涓庯紙锟斤拷锛夌珫璧风瑪榻愬钩銆?3?銆愬嚡銆?璇婚煶锛歬菐i宸ц??缁勮瘝锛氬嚡鏃?濂忓嚡閫犲瓧锛氬舰澹版硶? 绗旈『锛?繃楂樸€?4?銆愬緛銆?璇婚煶锛歾h膿ng宸ц??鈶¤繙琛?缁勮瘝锛氣憼鍑哄緛鈶″緛閫?闀垮緛鈶㈠緛鏂?閫犲瓧锛氬舰澹版硶閫犲彞锛氬摜鍝ヨ笍涓婁簡缁存姢涓栫晫鍜屽钩鐨勫緛閫斻€?绗旈『锛?鍙充笂鍊炬枩銆?瀛楁瓕锛氫簩浜鸿蛋寰佺▼鍑鸿█鍋氳瘉鏄?蹇冩儕浜哄彂鎬?鐥?5?銆愰樋銆?璇婚煶锛毮?宸ц?瀛椾箟锛氳瘝澶?a.鍔犲湪鏌愪簺浜插睘绉拌皳鐨勫墠闈?b.鍚嶆垨濮撶殑鍓嶉潰缁勮瘝锛氶樋濮?闃垮ぇ闃跨帇閫犲瓧锛氬舰澹版硶閫犲彞锛氳档闃垮Ж绗旈『锛?鈥滈槤鈥濆舰绐勶紱鈥滃彲鈥濈珫閽╄捣绗斿湪闀挎í鍋忓彸渚с€?瀛楁瓕锛氫汉鐢熻矾鍧庡澐??寮犲彛绗戝懙鍛?6?銆愬Ж銆?璇婚煶锛歽铆宸цコ鈥濅技濞樹翰銆??鈶″Ж?缁勮瘝锛氣憼闃垮Ж鈶″Ж濡?閫犲瓧锛氬舰澹版硶閫犲彞锛氭垜鐨勫Ж濡堟槸涓€鍚嶅嚭鑹茬殑鍖荤敓銆?绗旈『锛?般€?7?銆愭祹銆?璇婚煶锛歫矛宸ц?瀛椾箟锛氣憼娓★紝杩囨渤鈶㈣ˉ鐩?缁勮瘝锛氣憼鍚岃垷鍏辨祹鈶℃晳娴?娴庝笘?閫犲瓧锛氬舰澹版硶?绗旈『锛??8?銆愯础銆?璇婚煶锛歡貌ng宸ц?瀛椾箟锛氣憼鍙や唬鎸囧睘鍥芥垨鑷f皯鍚戝悰涓荤尞涓滆タ鈶¤础鍝?缁勮瘝锛氣憼璐$尞鈶¤础鍝?绾宠础閫犲瓧锛氬舰澹版硶?绗旈『锛?О銆?瀛楁瓕锛氬伐璐濅负璐?宸ュ嚒濮撳珐宸ュ姏鎴愬姛9?銆愬湥銆?璇婚煶锛歴h猫ng宸ц?瀛椾箟锛氣憼鏈€宕囬珮鐨勶紝鏈€鏈夋櫤鎱х殑鈶$О鐗规畩鎴愬氨鐨勪汉缁勮瘝锛氣憼绁炲湥鍦e潧鍦e湴鍦f磥鈶¤瘲鍦?閫犲瓧锛氬舰澹版硶?绗旈『锛?涓婂ぇ涓嬪皬銆備笅閮ㄧ珫鐢诲湪绔栦腑绾夸笂銆?10?銆愰┗銆?璇婚煶锛歾h霉宸ц???鈶″仠鐣欏湪涓?缁勮瘝锛氣憼椹昏冻姘搁┗浜洪棿鈶¢┗鍦?椹诲畧閫犲瓧锛氬舰澹版硶?绗旈『锛?裤€?瀛楁瓕锛氭湪澶村仛姊佹煴灏忚櫕鎶婁功铔€鏈夐┈椹昏冻鐪?娉?11?銆愮姜銆?璇婚煶锛歾u矛宸ц??鈶¤嫤闅撅紝鐥涜嫤鈶″悆鑻﹀彈缃?閫犲瓧锛氫細鎰忔硶? 绗旈『锛?銆?12?銆愭伓銆?璇婚煶锛毭?宸ц??鈶″嚩鐙?缁勮瘝锛氣憼浣滄伓鏃犳伓涓嶄綔鈶″嚩鎭?鎭舵枟鎭剁嫚鐙?閫犲瓧锛氬舰澹版硶併€?绗旈『锛?舰鎵併€?13?銆愬仴銆?璇婚煶锛歫i脿n宸ц?瀛椾箟锛氣憼寮哄.锛岃韩浣撳ソ鈶″杽浜?缁勮瘝锛氣憼鍋ュ悍鍋ョ編鎿?杩愬姩鍋ュ効鈶″仴璋?鍋ュ繕閫犲瓧锛氬舰澹版硶閫犲彞锛氬摜鍝ュ緢鍋ヨ皥锛屾棤璁鸿蛋鍒板摢閲岄兘鑳界粰澶у㈢瑧銆?绗旈『锛?鈥滃淮鈥濇í鎶樻姌鎾囦笂绱тㄥ垎銆?14?銆愬悍銆?璇婚煶锛歬膩ng宸ц?瀛椾箟锛氣憼瀹夊畞鈶″瘜瑁曪紝涓扮洓缁勮瘝锛氣憼鍋ュ悍搴蜂箰鈶″皬搴?搴峰勾閫犲瓧锛氫細鎰忔硶?绗旈『锛?鈥滃箍鈥濆ぇ鏂癸紱鈥滈毝鈥濈珫閽╃洿鑰屾尯锛岀偣鎻愪笌鎾囨嵑鍗忚皟銆?瀛楁瓕锛氫负浜洪渶澶у害鏈夊績鑰屾叿鎱?灏忛浮鍚冪背绯?鐢熼暱寰堝仴搴?。

公共英语一级-57 (1)

公共英语一级-57 (1)

鍏叡鑻辫涓€绾?57(鎬诲垎锛?3.00锛屽仛棰樻椂闂达細90鍒嗛挓)涓€銆亄{B}}绗竴閮ㄥ垎鍚姏鐞嗚В{{/B}}(鎬婚鏁帮細2锛屽垎鏁帮細10.00){{B}}绗竴鑺?鍥剧墖鍒ゆ柇{{/B}}鍦ㄦ湰鑺備腑锛屼綘灏嗗惉鍒?0涓彞瀛愶紝姣忓彞璇濋厤鏈塠A]銆乕B]銆乕C]涓夊箙鍥剧墖锛岃閫夋嫨涓庡彞瀛愬唴瀹圭浉绗﹀悎鐨勪竴骞呭浘鐗囷紝骞舵爣鍦ㄨ瘯鍗风殑鐩稿簲浣嶇疆銆傛瘡鍙ヨ瘽鍚庢湁15绉掗挓鐨勫仠椤匡紝浠ヤ究閫夋嫨鍥剧墖骞剁湅涓嬩竴缁勫浘鐗囥€傛瘡鍙ヨ瘽璇讳袱閬嶃€?BR> 涓嬮潰锛岃鍚繖浜涘彞瀛愩€?BR>{{B}}绗竴鑺?鍥剧墖鍒ゆ柇{{/B}}鍦ㄦ湰鑺備腑锛屼綘灏嗗惉鍒?0涓彞瀛愶紝姣忓彞璇濋厤鏈塠A]銆乕B]銆乕C]涓夊箙鍥剧墖锛岃閫夋嫨涓庡彞瀛愬唴瀹圭浉绗﹀悎鐨勪竴骞呭浘鐗囷紝骞舵爣鍦ㄨ瘯鍗风殑鐩稿簲浣嶇疆銆傛瘡鍙ヨ瘽鍚庢湁15绉掗挓鐨勫仠椤匡紝浠ヤ究閫夋嫨鍥剧墖骞剁湅涓嬩竴缁勫浘鐗囥€傛瘡鍙ヨ瘽璇讳袱閬嶃€?BR> 涓嬮潰锛岃鍚繖浜涘彞瀛愩€?BR>锛堝垎鏁帮細5.00锛?/div>(1).锛堝垎鏁帮細1.00锛?/div>A.B.C. 鈭?/span>瑙f瀽锛歔鍚姏鍘熸枃] I visited America last year.(2).锛堝垎鏁帮細1.00锛?/div>A. 鈭?/span>B.C.瑙f瀽锛歔鍚姏鍘熸枃] The train is coming.(3).锛堝垎鏁帮細1.00锛?/div>A. 鈭?/span>B.C.瑙f瀽锛歔鍚姏鍘熸枃] Put on your coot. It is very cold outside.(4).锛堝垎鏁帮細1.00锛?/div>A. 鈭?/span>B.C.瑙f瀽锛歔鍚姏鍘熸枃] He is waiting for the No. 4 bus.(5).锛堝垎鏁帮細1.00锛?/div>A.B. 鈭?/span>C.瑙f瀽锛歔鍚姏鍘熸枃] Lucy is drinking water.锛堝垎鏁帮細5.00锛?/div>(1).锛堝垎鏁帮細1.00锛?/div>A.B.C. 鈭?/span>瑙f瀽锛歔鍚姏鍘熸枃] She always remembers to give food to her dog on time.(2).锛堝垎鏁帮細1.00锛?/div>A. 鈭?/span>B.C.瑙f瀽锛歔鍚姏鍘熸枃] The cat is on the box.(3).锛堝垎鏁帮細1.00锛?/div>A.B. 鈭?/span>C.瑙f瀽锛歔鍚姏鍘熸枃] The shirt is on the next counter on your left.(4).锛堝垎鏁帮細1.00锛?/div>A. 鈭?/span>B.C.瑙f瀽锛歔鍚姏鍘熸枃] The pencil is on the book.(5).锛堝垎鏁帮細1.00锛?/div>A.B.C. 鈭?/span>瑙f瀽锛歔鍚姏鍘熸枃] The nurse is examining his back.浜屻€亄{B}}绗簩鑺?瀵硅瘽鐞嗚В{{/B}}(鎬婚鏁帮細3锛屽垎鏁帮細15.00)鍦ㄦ湰鑺備腑锛屼綘灏嗗惉鍒?5涓璇濓紝姣忎釜瀵硅瘽鏈変竴涓棶棰樸€傝浠嶽A]銆乕B]銆乕C]涓変釜閫夐」涓€夊嚭绛旀锛屽苟鏍囧湪璇曞嵎鐨勭浉搴斾綅缃€傛瘡娈靛璇濆悗鏈?5绉掗挓鐨勫仠椤匡紝浠ヤ究鍥炵瓟闂鍜岄槄璇讳笅涓€闂鍙婂叾閫夐」銆傛瘡娈靛璇濊涓ら亶銆?BR> 涓嬮潰锛岃鍚繖浜涘璇濄€?BR>鍦ㄦ湰鑺備腑锛屼綘灏嗗惉鍒?5涓璇濓紝姣忎釜瀵硅瘽鏈変竴涓棶棰樸€傝浠嶽A]銆乕B]銆乕C]涓変釜閫夐」涓€夊嚭绛旀锛屽苟鏍囧湪璇曞嵎鐨勭浉搴斾綅缃€傛瘡娈靛璇濆悗鏈?5绉掗挓鐨勫仠椤匡紝浠ヤ究鍥炵瓟闂鍜岄槄璇讳笅涓€闂鍙婂叾閫夐」銆傛瘡娈靛璇濊涓ら亶銆?BR> 涓嬮潰锛岃鍚繖浜涘璇濄€?BR>锛堝垎鏁帮細5.00锛?/div>(1).Who is ill in hospital?锛堝垎鏁帮細1.00锛?/div>A.[A]Mary.B.[B]Mary's mother.鈭?/span>C.[C]Mary's father.瑙f瀽锛歔鍚姏鍘熸枃] M: Excuse me, can I speak to Mary? F: Sorry, she isn't in. She has gone to the hospital with her father because her mother is ill in the hospital.(2).What did the man NOT drink?锛堝垎鏁帮細1.00锛?/div>A.[A]Coffee.B.[B]Beer.C.[C]Tea.鈭?/span>瑙f瀽锛歔鍚姏鍘熸枃] F: Would you like something to drink? M: Coffee and beer, please. (3).What will happen? [A]The man will pick the woman up at 8 o'clock. [B]There will be a party at 8 o'clock. [C]There will be a meeting at 8 o'clock.锛堝垎鏁帮細1.00锛?/div>A.B. 鈭?/span>C.瑙f瀽锛歔鍚姏鍘熸枃] F: Uh... When does the party start? M: Come any time after eight,all right?(4).Is the brown horse stronger than the white one?锛堝垎鏁帮細1.00锛?/div>A.[A]No, it isn't.鈭?/span>B.[B]Yes, it is.C.[C]It's not clear.瑙f瀽锛歔鍚姏鍘熸枃] M: I think the white horse is stronger than the brown one. F: Yes, I think se, too.(5).What did Goege do to the lady?锛堝垎鏁帮細1.00锛?/div>A.[A]Borrowed her book.鈭?/span>B.[B]Bought her a book.C.[C]Lent her a book.瑙f瀽锛歔鍚姏鍘熸枃] F: George, have you brought my book? M: Yes, here you are. Thank you.锛堝垎鏁帮細5.00锛?/div>(1).When are they going to meet?锛堝垎鏁帮細1.00锛?/div>A.[A]At 6:40.B.[B]At 7:20.鈭?/span>C.[C]At 7:00.瑙f瀽锛歔鍚姏鍘熸枃] M: Linda, shall I meet you at 7:00 at the park? F: Let's make it 20 minutes later.(2).How does the man usually come to school?锛堝垎鏁帮細1.00锛?/div>A.[A]By bus.B.[B]On foot.C.[C]By bike.鈭?/span>瑙f瀽锛歔鍚姏鍘熸枃] F: How do you usually come to school, by bus? M: No, I usually come to school by bike.(3).Why can't the man lend his bike?锛堝垎鏁帮細1.00锛?/div>A.[A]No, I don't want it.B.[B]His hike is not here.鈭?/span>C.[C]I want to lend it to you.瑙f瀽锛歔鍚姏鍘熸枃] F: Can I borrow your bike? M: Mine is at home, but I can borrow one for you.(4).What does the man mean?锛堝垎鏁帮細1.00锛?/div>A.[A]He has a good idea.B.[B]He does not know what to do.鈭?/span>C.[C]He does not know what to say.瑙f瀽锛歔鍚姏鍘熸枃] F: What shall we do now? M: Sony. I have no idea.(5).Where is Dick's uncle?锛堝垎鏁帮細1.00锛?/div>A.[A]Maybe he is in the classroom.B.[B]Maybe he is in his office.C.[C]Maybe he is in a hospital.鈭?/span>瑙f瀽锛歔鍚姏鍘熸枃] F: Where are you going, Dick? M: I'm going to see my uncle. He is badly ill.锛堝垎鏁帮細5.00锛?/div>(1).How soon will the sports meeting begin?锛堝垎鏁帮細1.00锛?/div>A.[A]In two hours.B.[B]In eight hours.C.[C]In one hour.鈭?/span>瑙f瀽锛歔鍚姏鍘熸枃] M: Is the sports meeting going to start at eight, Susan? F: Yes, Jack. It is already seven now.(2).Who will the man meet at nine o'clock?锛堝垎鏁帮細1.00锛?/div>A.[A]Mr. Green.鈭?/span>B.[B]Mrs. Green.C.[C]His sister.瑙f瀽锛歔鍚姏鍘熸枃] F: Can you come and see me at nine o'clock? M: I'm afraid not. I'll be meeting Mr. Green at that time.(3).Where are they talking?锛堝垎鏁帮細1.00锛?/div>A.[A]On the first floor.鈭?/span>B.[B]On the second floor.C.[C]On the third floor.瑙f瀽锛歔鍚姏鍘熸枃] M: Excuse me. Where's the manager's office, please? F: Er. Upstairs on the second floor, first door on the left.(4).Why hasn't their mother bought the tickets?锛堝垎鏁帮細1.00锛?/div>A.[A]She has no time to buy them.鈭?/span>B.[B]The ticket is expensive.C.[C]She has no money.瑙f瀽锛歔鍚姏鍘熸枃] M: Has mother bought the tickets for us yet? F: No, she hasn't. She was too busy.(5).What did the man drink?锛堝垎鏁帮細1.00锛?/div>A.[A]Tea.鈭?/span>B.[B]Coffee.C.[C]Water.瑙f瀽锛歔鍚姏鍘熸枃] F: What would you like, tea or coffee? M: Tea, please.涓夈€亄{B}}绗簩閮ㄥ垎鑻辫鐭ヨ瘑杩愮敤{{/B}}(鎬婚鏁帮細15锛屽垎鏁帮細15.00)1.Xiao Zhang ______ in that factory for five years.锛堝垎鏁帮細1.00锛?/div>A.[A]is workingB.[B]worksC.[C]has worked鈭?/span>瑙f瀽锛歔瑙f瀽] for鍚庨潰鍔犳椂闂存鏄幇鍦ㄥ畬鎴愭椂鐨勬爣蹇楋紝甯哥敤鏉ュ紩瀵肩幇鍦ㄥ畬鎴愭椂銆?/div>2.The nurse looked after the patient carefully ______ he recovered quickly.锛堝垎鏁帮細1.00锛?/div>A.[A]in caseB.[B]as soon asC.[C]so that鈭?/span>瑙f瀽锛歔瑙f瀽] 鏈彞鎰忎负锛氶偅涓姢澹緢璁ょ湡鍦扮収椤剧梾浜猴紝鍥犳浠栨仮澶嶅緱寰堝揩銆俰n case鐨勬剰鎬濇槸鈥滀互闃诧紝涓囦竴鈥濓紱as soon as鐨勬剰鎬濇槸鈥滀竴鈥﹀氨鈥︹€濓紱鏄剧劧杩欎袱椤逛笉绗﹀悎棰樻剰銆俿o that鍦ㄥ彞瀛愪腑锛屼笉鍔犻€楀彿鐨勬椂鍊欙紝寮曞鐨勬槸缁撴灉鐘惰浠庡彞锛涘姞閫楀彿鐨勬椂鍊欙紝寮曞鐨勬槸鐩殑鐘惰浠庡彞銆傛牴鎹彞鎰忥紝鍙煡鏈彞涓虹粨鏋滅姸璇粠鍙ャ€?/div>3.Is that your ______ ?锛堝垎鏁帮細1.00锛?/div>A.[A]a bikeB.[B]bike鈭?/span>C.[C]bikes瑙f瀽锛歔瑙f瀽] 杩欐槸涓€鑸枒闂彞锛屽叾璋撹鏄痠s锛屾墍浠ュ叾瀹捐搴斾负鍗曟暟銆?/div>4.He drives much ______ than he did three years ago.锛堝垎鏁帮細1.00锛?/div>A.[A]more carefully鈭?/span>B.[B]carefullyC.[C]more careful瑙f瀽锛歔瑙f瀽] 鍙ヤ腑鏈塼han锛屽彲鐭ユ鍙ヤ腑鎵€娑夊強鐨勬槸姣旇緝绾х殑鐭ヨ瘑锛岄鍏堝彲浠ユ帓闄锛涘悓鏃舵湰鍙ヤ腑鐨勮皳璇槸瀹炰箟鍔ㄨ瘝锛屽簲璇ョ敤鍓瘝鏉ヤ慨楗般€?/div>5.______ he is running!锛堝垎鏁帮細1.00锛?/div>A.[A]What quicklyB.[B]How quickC.[C]How quickly鈭?/span>瑙f瀽锛歔瑙f瀽] 瀵逛簬鎰熷徆鍙ュ瀷鏉ヨ锛宧ow鍚庨潰鍔犲舰瀹硅瘝鎴栬€呭壇璇嶏紱what鍚庨潰鍔犲悕璇嶏紝鎺掗櫎A銆傚張鍥犱负run涓哄姩璇嶏紝淇グ鍔ㄨ瘝鐨勫簲璇ヤ负鍓瘝銆?/div> 6.One of my ______ came to see me on Sunday morning.锛堝垎鏁帮細1.00锛?/div>A.[A]classmateB.[B]classmates鈭?/span>C.[C]the classmates瑙f瀽锛歔瑙f瀽] 鏈彞鎰忎负鈥滄垜鐨勪竴涓悓鐝悓瀛﹀湪鏄熸湡澶╃殑鏃╂櫒鏉ョ湅鎴戜簡鈥濄€傝繖閲岄潰鏈夊浐瀹氳瘝缁勨€渙ne+of+澶嶆暟鍚嶈瘝鈥濄€?/div>7.Many books and newspapers in the world are written ______ English language.锛堝垎鏁帮細1.00锛?/div>A.[A]inB.[B]in the鈭?/span>C.[C]with瑙f瀽锛歔瑙f瀽] 鐢ㄢ€﹁瑷€鏃剁敤鈥渋n+璇█鈥濓紝鍙堝洜涓鸿繖鍙ヨ瘽鐗规寚鐨勬槸鑻辫銆?/div>8.鈥擧appy birthday to you!鈥?______ .锛堝垎鏁帮細1.00锛?/div>A.[A]The same to youB.[B]Thank you very much鈭?/span>C.[C]OK瑙f瀽锛歔瑙f瀽] 瀵规柟绁濅綘鐢熸棩蹇箰锛屽簲璇ヨ〃绀烘劅璋€?/div>9.We decided not to climb the mountain because it was raining ______ .锛堝垎鏁帮細1.00锛?/div>A.[A]hardlyB.[B]stronglyC.[C]heavily鈭?/span>瑙f瀽锛歔瑙f瀽] 鏈彞鎰忎负鈥滃洜涓洪洦涓嬪緱澶ぇ锛屾墍浠ユ垜浠笉鑳界埇灞变簡鈥濓紝褰㈠闆ㄤ笅寰楀ぇ锛屽父鐢╤eavily鏉ヤ慨楗般€?/div>10.I was listening to the music ______ there was a knock at the door.锛堝垎鏁帮細1.00锛?/div>A.[A]when鈭?/span>B.[B]whileC.[C]because瑙f瀽锛歔瑙f瀽] 鏈彞鎰忎负鈥滃綋鏁查棬澹板搷璧风殑鏃跺€欙紝鎴戞鍦ㄥ惉闊充箰鈥濓紝鏄椂闂寸姸璇粠鍙ャ€倃hile鐨勭敤娉曟槸鈥滃綋鈥︽鍦ㄥ彂鐢熺殑鏃跺€欙紝鏌愪汉(鏌愮墿)鍦ㄥ仛浠€涔堚€濄€俠ecause寮曞鍘熷洜鐘惰浠庡彞锛屼笉绗﹂鎰忋€?/div>11.He gave orders that the prisoners ______ free.锛堝垎鏁帮細1.00锛?/div>A.[A]are setB.[B]were setC.[C]be set鈭?/span>瑙f瀽锛歔瑙f瀽] 瀵逛簬澶嶅悎鍙ユ潵璇达紝濡傛灉涓诲彞涓惈鏈塷rder, suggest, advice绛夎瘝鏃讹紝浠庡彞甯哥敤铏氭嫙璇皵(should)+be(do)鐨勭粨鏋勶紝鍏朵腑should鍙互鐪佺暐銆?/div> 12.Two and a half months ______ too long, I think.锛堝垎鏁帮細1.00锛?/div>A.[A]areB.[B]is鈭?/span>C.[C]will be瑙f瀽锛歔瑙f瀽] 褰揳nd杩炴帴涓や釜鏁拌瘝鐨勬椂鍊欙紝鍏惰皳璇伒寰氨杩戝師鍒欍€?/div> 13.There ______ many apples on the table.锛堝垎鏁帮細1.00锛?/div>A.[A]are鈭?/span>B.[B]isC.[C]have瑙f瀽锛歔瑙f瀽] There+be鏄竴绉嶅緢鍏稿瀷鐨勫€掕缁撴瀯锛屾湰鍙ヤ腑鐪熸鐨勪富璇槸many apples锛屾墍浠ュ叾璋撹搴旇涓哄鏁般€?/div>14.Mrs. Jones ______ in this school since she came to the city.锛堝垎鏁帮細1.00锛?/div>A.[A]workedB.[B]has worked鈭?/span>C.[C]works瑙f瀽锛歔瑙f瀽] since, for绛夎瘝鏄幇鍦ㄥ畬鎴愭椂鐨勬爣蹇椼€?/div>15.My brother asked me ______ shopping with him.锛堝垎鏁帮細1.00锛?/div>A.[A]goB.[B]goingC.[C]to go鈭?/span>瑙f瀽锛歔瑙f瀽] 鏈彞鎰忎负鈥滄垜鍝ュ摜璁╂垜鍜屼粬涓€璧峰幓鍟嗗簵鈥濄€俛sk sb. to do sth.鏄浐瀹氳瘝缁勩€?/div>鍥涖€亄{B}}绗簩鑺?瀹屽瀷濉┖{{/B}}(鎬婚鏁帮細1锛屽垎鏁帮細10.00)闃呰涓嬮潰鐭枃锛屼粠鐭枃鍚庢墍缁欑殑[A]銆乕B]銆乕C]涓変釜閫夐」涓€夊嚭鑳藉~鍏ョ浉搴旂┖鐧藉鐨勬渶浣抽€夐」銆?BR>The American expression" burning your bridges' means acting in such a way which you de stroy any chance of turning back or changing your actions. It gets its name from war. An army that is forced back across a river may decide to burn the bridge{{U}} 41 {{/U}}crossing it. In this way, the army{{U}} 42 {{/U}}its enemy from using the bridge.{{U}} 43 {{/U}}, the army also destroys its own chance to{{U}} 44 {{/U}}back across the river. Most people who" burn their bridges today don't{{U}} 45 {{/U}}the army. But{{U}} 46 {{/U}}those armies, they move in a different direction with{{U}} 47 {{/U}}chance of turning back. There is one other{{U}} 48 {{/U}}that all bridge burners should not forget. It is a warning. "Don't cross yourbridges{{U}} 49 {{/U}}you come to them. "The meaning is clear: wait until the right time before you{{U}} 50 {{/U}}.锛堝垎鏁帮細10.00锛?/div>A.[A]beforeB.[B]after鈭?/span>C.[C]while瑙f瀽锛歔瑙f瀽] 鏈枃鏄burning your bridges杩欎釜璇嶈鐨勬晠浜嬨€傚畠鏉ユ簮浜庢垬浜夛紝涓€涓啗闃熻繃瀹屼竴搴фˉ鍚庯紝鐑ф帀浜嗚繖搴фˉ锛岃繖鏍峰彲浠ラ樆姝㈡晫浜虹敤杩欏骇妗ワ紝鎸′綇浠栦滑鐨勬潵璺紝鍚屾椂涔熸瘉鎺変簡鑷繁鍥炲幓鐨勮矾銆傜敤涓浗鐨勮瘽鏉ヨ锛屽嵆鈥滅疆姝诲湴鑰屽悗鐢熲€濄€?/div>A.[A]prevents鈭?/span>B.[B]avoidsC.[C]separates瑙f瀽锛歔瑙f瀽] prevent sb. from doing sth. 鏄浐瀹氳瘝缁勶紝鎰忔€濇槸鈥滈樆姝㈡煇浜哄仛鏌愪簨鈥濄€?/div>A.[A]InsteadB.[B]However鈭?/span>C.[C]Therefore瑙f瀽锛歔瑙f瀽] 鏈彞鎰忎负鈥滀粬浠樆鏂簡鏁屼汉鐨勬潵璺紝鐒惰€岃繖鏍峰仛涔熼樆鏂簡鑷繁鐨勯€€璺€濓紝寰堟槑鏄撅紝杩欓噷闇€瑕佸叿鏈夎浆鎶樻剰涔夌殑杩炶瘝銆?/div>A.[A]go鈭?/span>B.[B]returnC.[C]take瑙f瀽锛歔瑙f瀽] go back鏄€滃洖鍘烩€濈殑鎰忔€濓紱return, take涓嶈兘鍜宐ack杩炵敤銆?/div>A.[A]joinB.[B]belong to鈭?/span>C.[C]leave瑙f瀽锛歔瑙f瀽] 鏈彞鎰忎负鈥滀粖澶╅偅浜涘ぇ閮ㄥ垎鐨勨€樿嚧姝诲湴鑰屽悗鐢熲€欑殑浜哄苟涓嶅畬鍏ㄥ睘浜庡啗闃熲€濄€?/div>A.[A]unlikeB.[B]like鈭?/span>C.[C]similar瑙f瀽锛歔瑙f瀽] like, be similar to鐨勬剰鎬濇槸鈥滃儚鈥︼紝涓庘€︾浉浼尖€濄€?/div>A.[A]no鈭?/span>B.[B]anyC.[C]not瑙f瀽锛歔瑙f瀽] 鏈彞鎰忎负鈥滀絾鏄繕鍍忔垬浜夋椂鏈熶竴鏍凤紝閭d簺鈥樼疆姝诲湴鑰屽悗鐢熲€欑殑浜轰粛鐒舵槸涓嶇粰鑷繁鐣欎换浣曞悗閫€鐨勬満浼氱殑鈥濄€?/div>A.[A]expression鈭?/span>B.[B]lessonC.[C]word瑙f瀽锛歔瑙f瀽] 鏈彞鎰忎负鈥滆繖閲岄潰杩樻湁鍙︿竴绉嶆€濇兂鍜屾剰涔夆€濄€?/div>A.[A]afterB.[B]until鈭?/span>C.[C]when瑙f瀽锛歔瑙f瀽] 鏈彞鎰忎负鈥滅洿鍒颁綘璧板悜瀹冧滑鐨勬椂鍊欙紝浣犳墠鑳介€氳繃妗モ€濄€?/div>A.[A]leave鈭?/span>B.[B]comeC.[C]go瑙f瀽锛歔瑙f瀽] 鏈彞鎰忎负鈥滃湪浣犵寮€涔嬪墠锛岃绛夊埌鏈€濂界殑鏈轰細鈥濄€?/div>浜斻€亄{B}}绗笁閮ㄥ垎闃呰鐞嗚В{{/B}}(鎬婚鏁帮細4锛屽垎鏁帮細20.00){{B}}绗竴鑺?璇嶈閰嶄紞{{/B}}浠庝笂鏍忔墍缁欓€夐」涓€夊嚭涓庝笅鏍忓悇椤规剰涔夌浉绗︾殑閫夐」銆?BR>[A]twice[B]winter[C]fish[D]sleep[E]cool[F]uncle[G]talk锛堝垎鏁帮細5.00锛?/div>(1).go to bed锛堝垎鏁帮細1.00锛?/div>濉┖椤?:__________________ 锛堟纭瓟妗堬細D锛?/div>瑙f瀽锛歔瑙f瀽] 鏍规嵁鍙ユ剰鈥滀笂搴婄潯瑙夆€濓紝鍗硈leep銆?/div>(2).say something with another person锛堝垎鏁帮細1.00锛?/div>濉┖椤?:__________________ 锛堟纭瓟妗堬細G锛?/div>瑙f瀽锛歔瑙f瀽] 鏍规嵁鍙ユ剰鈥滃悓鍙﹀涓€浜涗汉璇翠簺浠€涔堚€濓紝鍗硉alk銆?/div> (3).father's brother锛堝垎鏁帮細1.00锛?/div>濉┖椤?:__________________ 锛堟纭瓟妗堬細F锛?/div>瑙f瀽锛歔瑙f瀽] 鏍规嵁鍙ユ剰鈥滅埗浜茬殑寮熷紵鈥濓紝鍗硊ncle銆?/div>(4).two times锛堝垎鏁帮細1.00锛?/div>濉┖椤?:__________________ 锛堟纭瓟妗堬細A锛?/div>瑙f瀽锛歔瑙f瀽] 鏍规嵁鍙ユ剰鈥滀袱娆♀€濓紝鍗硉wice銆?/div>(5).the last season of a year锛堝垎鏁帮細1.00锛?/div>濉┖椤?:__________________ 锛堟纭瓟妗堬細B锛?/div>瑙f瀽锛歔瑙f瀽] 鏍规嵁鍙ユ剰鈥滀竴骞翠腑鐨勬渶鍚庝竴涓鑺傗€濓紝鍗硍inter銆?/div> {{B}}绗簩鑺?鐭枃鐞嗚В 1{{/B}}闃呰涓嬮潰鐭枃锛屼粠[A](Right)銆乕B](Wrong)銆乕C](Doesn't Say)涓変釜鍒ゆ柇涓€夋嫨涓€涓纭€夐」銆?BR>Children's stories such as" Little Red Riding Hood" and "The Three Little Pigs" have depicted wolves. as frightening animals. In reality, these animals are social, nurturing creatures. They often spend the better part of their day playing with and tending to their young.There are two recognized species of wolves: the gray wolf and the red wolf. The grey wolf, is the largest member of the wolf family.The grey wolf had one of the widest distributions of all mammals on the planet. It once roamed North America, Europe, and Asia, but years of persecution have reduced its numbers significantly, especially in Europe.In Alaska, the northwest territories, and the former Soviet Union, the grey wolf has a thriving population. In the Northwest United States, however, the grey wolf is almost extinct, with a population of perhaps 30. Farther south in the United States the grey has disappeared completely. In Mexico, researchers estimated that fewer than 10 greys survive.The grey wolf became extinct in England about 1486; it disappeared from Scotland in 1743 and from Ireland in 1770.锛堝垎鏁帮細5.00锛?/div>(1).People knew the nature of wolf very well.锛堝垎鏁帮細1.00锛?/div>A.[A]Right.B.[B]Wrong.鈭?/span>C.[C]Doesn't say.瑙f瀽锛歔瑙f瀽] 鏂囦腑绗竴娈靛彲浠ョ湅鍑猴紝浜虹被骞舵病鏈夊緢濂藉湴璁よ瘑鐙硷紝涓€鐩存妸瀹冨綋鍋氫竴绉嶅緢鍑剁嫚鐨勫姩鐗╋紝瀹為檯涓婂畠浠篃鍜屼汉绫讳竴鏍锋湁鐖卞績銆傚彲鐭ユ湰鍙ョ殑璇存硶鏄笉姝g‘鐨勩€?/div>(2).Once grey wolf could be found in many parts of the earth.锛堝垎鏁帮細1.00锛?/div>A.[A]Right.鈭?/span>B.[B]Wrong.C.[C]Doesn't say.瑙f瀽锛歔瑙f瀽] 浠庢湰鏂囩殑绗簩銆佺涓夋鍙互鐭ラ亾杩欑鐏拌壊鐨勭嫾鏄嫾绫讳腑鏁伴噺鏈€澶氱殑涓€绫伙紝瀹冨箍娉涘瓨鍦ㄤ簬鍖楃編銆佹娲插拰浜氭床绛夊湴锛屾墍浠ュ彞涓殑璇存硶鏄纭殑銆?/div>(3).We can find more and more grey wolf in Alaska.锛堝垎鏁帮細1.00锛?/div>A.[A]Right.鈭?/span>B.[B]Wrong.C.[C]Doesn't say.瑙f瀽锛歔瑙f瀽] 浠庢枃涓鍥涙鐨勭涓€鍙ヨ瘽鍙煡姝ゅ彞璇濈殑璇存硶鏄纭殑銆?/div>(4).There are less grey wolf in Europe than in the United States.锛堝垎鏁帮細1.00锛?/div>A.[A]Right.B.[B]Wrong.C.[C]Doesn't say.鈭?/span>瑙f瀽锛歔瑙f瀽] 杩欑瘒鏂囩珷骞舵病鏈夎鍦ㄦ娲插拰缇庢床鍝釜鍦版柟鐏扮嫾鏇村銆?/div>(5).Grey wolves take good care of the young.锛堝垎鏁帮細1.00锛?/div>A.[A]Right.鈭?/span>B.[B]Wrong.C.[C]Doesn't say.瑙f瀽锛歔瑙f瀽] 浠庢枃涓涓€娈靛彲浠ョ煡閬擄紝鐙肩粡甯歌姳澶ч儴鍒嗙殑鏃堕棿鍜屽畠浠殑瀛╁瓙鍦ㄤ竴璧枫€?/div>{{B}}绗笁鑺?鐭枃鐞嗚В 2{{/B}}闃呰涓嬪垪鐭枃锛屼粠[A]銆乕B]銆乕C]涓変釜閫夐」涓€夋嫨鈥斾釜姝g‘绛旀銆?BR> Betty is a fourth-year student. She is good at jumping. The school sports meeting will be held on May 4th and she entered(鎶ュ悕鐧昏)her name for the high jump and the long jump. But two days later she fell from a ladder and hurt her right foot. Her parents sent her to the nearest hospital. The first word she asked the doctor was, "Can I jump in seven days, doctor? I don't like to miss our school sports meeting. "Without a word, the doctor looked her over carefully and said, "Don't worry. It's not badly hurt, your foot will be much better by the end of April. On May 4th you are able to run and jump at sports. "锛堝垎鏁帮細5.00锛?/div>(1).Betty is ______ .锛堝垎鏁帮細1.00锛?/div>A.[A]in Grade Four鈭?/span>B.[B]a four year studentC.[C]Grade Four瑙f瀽锛歔瑙f瀽] 鐢辨湰鏂囩殑绗竴鍙ヨ瘽鍙煡銆?/div>(2).She entered her name for the high jump and the long jump because she ______ .锛堝垎鏁帮細1.00锛?/div>A.[A]does well in jumping鈭?/span>B.[B]likes sportsC.[C]runs fast瑙f瀽锛歔瑙f瀽] she is good at jumping.鐨勬剰鎬濇槸鈥滃ス闈炲父鎿呴暱浜庤烦楂樺拰璺宠繙鈥濄€俠e good at鍜宒o well in閮芥槸鈥滄搮闀库€︹€濈殑鎰忔€濄€?/div>(3).Her parents took her to the doctor because ______ . [A]their ladder was broken [B]the hospital was near their home [C]something was wrong with Betty's foot锛堝垎鏁帮細1.00锛?/div>A.B.C. 鈭?/span>瑙f瀽锛歔瑙f瀽] 鏂囦腑璇粹€滀袱澶╁悗锛屽ス浠庢瀛愪笂鎽斾笅锛屼激浜嗗ス鐨勫彸鑴氣€濄€?/div>(4).The doctor said that ______ . [A]her foot was badly hurt [B]the wound(浼?in her foot was not serious [C]She'd better stay in bed锛堝垎鏁帮細1.00锛?/div>A.B. 鈭?/span>C.瑙f瀽锛歔瑙f瀽] 鏂囦腑鏈夊彞璇滵on't worry. It's not badly hurt銆?/div>(5).Which is not true?锛堝垎鏁帮細1.00锛?/div>[A]Betty would get better soon.B.[B]She likes sports.C.[C]She won the first place.鈭?/span>瑙f瀽锛歔瑙f瀽] 鏂囦腑鍙槸璇村ス鐨勮吙鍙椾激锛屽苟娌℃湁鏄剧ず濂规槸鍚﹁耽寰椾簡姣旇禌銆?/div>One day Nasreddin bought a donkey(椹?in the market, but while he was taking it home, two thieves followed him. One of them took the rope from the donkey's neck and tied(鎹?it round his friend's neck. Then he went away with the donkey.When Nasreddin got home, he turned and saw the young man. He was very surprised. "Where is my donkey?" he said angrily."I'm very sorry, "said the thief. "Once I said some very bad things to my mother and she changed me into a donkey. Now because a good man has bought me, she changed me back to a man again. Thank you. " Nasreddin untied the man and said, "Go. And never say, bad things to your mother again. "The next day, Nasreddin saw the same donkey in the market again. The other thief was selling it.Nasreddin went to it and said into its ear, "Young man, some people will never learn. "锛堝垎鏁帮細5.00锛?/div>(1).Nasreddin was surprised because he ______ . [A]knew the young man was a thief [B]saw his donkey was gone [C]saw a young man behind him instead of his donkey锛堝垎鏁帮細1.00锛?/div>A.B.C. 鈭?/span>瑙f瀽锛歔瑙f瀽] Nasreddin鐪嬪埌鑷繁鍚庨潰鐨勯┐鍙樻垚浜嗕竴涓汉锛屾墍浠ユ劅鍒板緢鎯婂銆?/div>(2).Where was his donkey?锛堝垎鏁帮細1.00锛?/div>A.[A]It had gone home.B.[B]It had been sold.C.[C]It had been stolen.鈭?/span>瑙f瀽锛歔瑙f瀽] 鏍规嵁绗竴娈电殑鎰忔€濆彲鐭ワ紝椹磋璐煎伔鍥炲浜嗐€?/div>(3).How did the young man treat his mother?锛堝垎鏁帮細1.00锛?/div>A.[A]Badly.B.[B]With care.[C]We don't know.鈭?/span>瑙f瀽锛歔瑙f瀽] 杩欎釜骞磋交浜烘€庢牱瀵瑰緟浠栫殑姣嶄翰锛屾湰鏂囧苟娌℃湁娑夊強銆?/div>(4).In the last sentence, "some people" means ______ .锛堝垎鏁帮細1.00锛?/div>A.[A]some personB.[B]the thief who was tied鈭?/span>C.[C]the other thief瑙f瀽锛歔瑙f瀽] 鏈彞鎰忎负鈥滃勾杞讳汉锛屼竴浜涗汉姘歌繙涓嶄細瀛︿範锛屼笉浼氬惛鍙栨暀璁€濄€傛槸Nasreddin鐩镐俊浜嗚醇鍓嶄竴澶╄鐨勮瘽锛屼互涓轰粬鍙堝彉鎴愪簡椹达紝鎵€浠ヨ浠栦笉鍚稿彇鏁欒銆?/div>(5).From this passage we can see that Nasreddin was ______ .锛堝垎鏁帮細1.00锛?/div>A.[A]really a fool鈭?/span>B.[B]a farmerC.[C]kind and clever瑙f瀽锛歔瑙f瀽] 浠庡叏鏂囨潵鐪嬶紝涓讳汉鍏叾瀹炲苟涓嶈仾鏄庯紝浠栧苟涓嶇煡閬撻偅浜烘槸璐硷紝骞剁浉淇′簡浠栫殑璋庤█锛屾妸浠栨斁浜嗭紝鐢辨鍙煡浠栧緢锠€?/div>鍏€亄{B}}绗洓閮ㄥ垎鍐欎綔{{/B}}(鎬婚鏁帮細4锛屽垎鏁帮細13.00)16.Judy arrived in Boston and wrote to her parents at once. Judy wrote to her parents 1 she arrived in Boston.锛堝垎鏁帮細2.00锛?/div>濉┖椤?:__________________ 锛堟纭瓟妗堬細as soon as锛?/div>瑙f瀽锛歔瑙f瀽] 鏈彞鎰忎负鈥淛udy涓€鍒版尝澹】锛屽氨缁欏ス鐨勭埗姣嶄翰鍐欎俊鈥濓紝and寮曞鐨勬槸涓や釜鍚屾椂杩涜鐨勫姩浣溿€傚彲鐢╝s soon as鍙栦唬锛屽彧鏄痑s soon as寮曞鐨勬槸鏃堕棿鐘惰浠庡彞锛屽悗闈㈠簲璇ュ姞涓婁富璇€?/div>17.Listen to the teacher carefully and you will soon understand. 1 the teacher carefully, you will soon understand.锛堝垎鏁帮細2.00锛?/div>濉┖椤?:__________________ 锛堟纭瓟妗堬細If you listen to锛?/div>瑙f瀽锛歔瑙f瀽] 鏈彞鎰忎负鈥滆鐪熷惉鑰佸笀鐨勮锛屼綘寰堝揩灏变細鏄庣櫧鐨勨€濄€傚墠鍗婂彞鏄悗鍗婂彞鐨勬潯浠躲€傚彲鐢╥f杞崲鎴愭潯浠剁姸璇粠鍙ャ€?/div>18.We didn't go to Shanghai. We went to Hangzhou. We went to Hangzhou 1 . Shanghai,锛堝垎鏁帮細2.00锛?/div>濉┖椤?:__________________ 锛堟纭瓟妗堬細instead of锛?/div>瑙f瀽锛歔瑙f瀽] 鏈彞鎰忎负鈥滄垜浠病鏈夊幓涓婃捣锛屽幓浜嗘澀宸炩€濓紝in-stead of鐨勬剰鎬濇槸鈥滃彇浠o紝浠f浛鈥濄€?/div>19.浣犵殑鏈嬪弸Peter鏉ュ寳浜窡浣犱竴璧峰害鏆戝亣锛屼綇鍦ㄤ綘(Li Ming)瀹躲€?浠诲姟锛?璇蜂綘缁欎粬鐖舵瘝鍐欏皝鐭俊锛屽憡璇変粬浠細路Peter宸茬粡瀹夊叏鍒拌揪锛屼綘鍘绘満鍦烘帴浠栵紱路Peter鍠滄涓浗椋熷搧锛?路浣犱滑宸茬粡鍙傝浜嗗ぉ瀹夐棬鍜岄暱鍩庯紱路涓嬪懆鍘昏タ瀹夊弬瑙傦紝灏嗕細鐜╁緱寰堝揩娲伙紱路甯屾湜浠栦滑鏈夋満浼氭潵涓浗銆?Dear Mr. and Mrs.Smith, How are you? Yours, Li Ming锛堝垎鏁帮細7.00锛?/div>__________________________________________________________________________________________ 姝g‘绛旀锛?)瑙f瀽锛歔鑼冩枃] Dear Mr. and Mrs. Smith. How are you? I'm glad to tell you that Peter has already arrived safely. I met him at the airport and took him back home. Peter likes the Chinese food very much. We have been to Tian' anmen Square and the Great wall. We are going to Xi' an next week. We are sure we'll have a good time. I hope you Will have the chance to come to China锛? Yours, Li Ming。

2017八年级语文上12唐诗五首教案(新人教版)

2017八年级语文上12唐诗五首教案(新人教版)

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四年级下册语文《卫星比武》生字组词语文s版

四年级下册语文《卫星比武》生字组词语文s版

四年级下册语文《卫星比武》生字组词语文s版鍥涘勾绾тs鐗?銆婂崼鏄熸瘮姝︺€嬬敓瀛?銆愬煿銆?璇婚煶锛歱茅i宸ц?缁勮瘝锛氬煿鑲?鍩瑰吇鍩瑰湡閫犲瓧锛氬舰澹版硶閫犲彞锛氬湪鑰佸笀鐨勫煿鑲蹭笅锛屽悓瀛︿滑寰楀埌浜嗗叏闈㈠彂灞曘€?绗旈『锛?т?瀛楁瓕锛氭牻鍩规柊鏋滄爲鍔犲€嶆潵鍛垫姢鎹熷け闇€璧斿伩濡傛晠2銆婂崼鏄熸瘮姝︺€嬬敓瀛??璇婚煶锛歺霉n宸ц(璁?銆??鈶″彲浠ヤ綔涓烘硶鍒欑殑璇??鈶?鈶㈠煿璁?璁閫犲瓧锛氬舰澹版硶?绗旈『锛?銆?瀛楁瓕锛氬湡鏃佸康娣卞湷ф俯椹?鍔犻〉浜嬮『蹇??3銆婂崼鏄熸瘮姝︺€嬬敓瀛?銆愯惀銆?璇婚煶锛歽铆ng宸ц?瀛椾箟锛氣憼鍐涢槦椹绘墡鐨勫湴鏂?鈶″啗闃熺殑缂栧埗鍗曚綅锛屾槸杩炵殑涓婁竴绾?鈶㈣皨姹?缁勮瘝锛氣憼鍐涜惀钀ュ湴闇茶惀鈶¤惀闀?鈶㈣惀鏁?閫犲瓧锛氬舰澹版硶閫犲彞锛氬倣鏅氭椂鍒嗭紝鍐涜惀閲屼紶鍑轰簡鍢逛寒鐨勬瓕澹般€?绗旈『锛?忎笅澶с€?瀛楁瓕锛氱帀鐭冲緢鏅惰幑椋炶櫕钀ょ伀鏄?鍚曞竷杩涘啗钀?灞?4銆婂崼鏄熸瘮姝︺€嬬敓瀛?銆愪睛銆?璇婚煶锛歾h膿n宸ц?缁勮瘝锛氫睛瀵?渚﹀姙渚︽帰渚︾牬渚﹀療鏈?渚︽煡妗堜欢閫犲瓧锛氬舰澹版硶? 绗旈『锛?冦€?5銆婂崼鏄熸瘮姝︺€嬬敓瀛?銆愬療銆?璇婚煶锛歝h谩宸ц夋帀宸﹁竟銆?瀛椾箟锛氫粩缁嗙湅锛岃皟鏌ョ爺绌??瀵熺湅瑙嗗療鑰冨療妫€瀵熼櫌瀵熻█瑙傝壊閫犲瓧锛氬舰澹版硶嗐€?绗旈『锛?姝c€?6銆婂崼鏄熸瘮姝︺€嬬敓瀛?銆愯祫銆?璇婚煶锛歾墨宸ц?瀛椾箟锛氣憼璐㈢墿锛岄挶璐?鈶′緵缁?? 缁勮瘝锛氣憼璧勬簮宸ヨ祫鎶曡祫鈶¤祫鍔?鈶㈣祫鏍?骞磋祫閫犲瓧锛氬舰澹版硶╃敤銆?绗旈『锛?涓婃墎瀹斤紝涓嬬獎闀裤€傗€滄瑺鈥濇嵑鐢讳几灞曘€?瀛楁瓕锛氭湁濂冲Э鎬佺編鏈夐挶鏉ユ姇璧?鏈夊彛鍠勫挩璇?鐡︽潵鍋氶潚鐡?7銆婂崼鏄熸瘮姝︺€嬬敓瀛?銆愭煇銆?璇婚煶锛歮菕u宸ц?瀛椾箟)銆?瀛椾箟锛氫唬鏇夸笉鏄庣‘鎸囧嚭鐨勪汉銆佸湴銆佷簨銆佺墿绛?缁勮瘝锛氭煇绉?鏌愪簨鏌愪汉鏌愭棩鏌愬浗鏌愬勾鏌愭湀閫犲瓧锛氳薄褰㈡硶?绗旈『锛?涓婁笅瀵归綈銆傗€滅敇鈥濆疁灏忎簺锛涒€滄湪鈥濇í闀挎墭涓娿€?瀛楁瓕锛氭潙閲屾煇濂?涓轰汉鍋氬獟鍋氫簨鏈夎皨鍙栨殩鐢ㄧ叅8銆婂崼鏄熸瘮姝︺€嬬敓瀛?銆愮熆銆?璇婚煶锛歬u脿ng宸ц?鈶″紑閲囩熆鐗╃殑鍦烘墍缁勮瘝锛氣憼鐭跨墿閾佺熆鐭跨煶鈶$熆浜?鐭垮潙閫犲瓧锛氬舰澹版硶閫犲彞锛氭垜鍥藉湴澶х勫浗瀹朵箣涓€銆?绗旈『锛?ф柟锛屾拠鐢讳几灞曞埌浣嶃€?9銆婂崼鏄熸瘮姝︺€嬬敓瀛?銆愯棌銆?璇婚煶锛歝谩ng宸ц)鈥滄垐鈥濇潵甯?瀛椾箟锛氣憼闅愯斀鈶℃敹瀛?缁勮瘝锛氣憼韬茶棌鎹夎糠钘?钘忛緳鍗ц檸涓滆翰x钘?钘忓ご闇插熬鈶¤棌涔?鍌ㄨ棌鐝嶈棌鏀惰棌鍐疯棌閫犲瓧锛氬舰澹版硶?绗旈『锛?皟銆?瀛楁瓕锛氭崏杩疯棌锛坈谩ng锛?鎵惧疂钘忥紙z脿ng锛?宸ц棌锛坈谩ng锛夎韩浼氳翰钘忥紙c谩ng锛?10銆婂崼鏄熸瘮姝︺€嬬敓瀛?銆愯豹銆?璇婚煶锛歨谩o宸ц?瀛椾箟锛氣憼鍏锋湁鏉板嚭鎵嶈兘鐨勪汉湁鎷樻潫鐨?鏂囪豹鑻辫豹鈶¤豹鏀?閫犲瓧锛氬舰澹版硶?绗旈『锛?у噾銆?姘存潵鍙樻垚婵?鏈夊彛鍤庡晻鍙?澹?。

中文汉字电报码对照表

中文汉字电报码对照表

中文汉字电报码对照表(二) H-Q哈0761 骸7546 孩1326海3189 氦8640 亥0075 害1364 骇7480 酣6799 憨2003 邯6725韩7281 含0698 涵3211 寒1383 函0428 喊0815 罕4988 翰5060撼2338 捍2194 旱2487 憾2013 悍1880 焊3549 汗3063 汉3352夯1137 杭2635 航5300 壕1091 嚎0866 豪6275 毫3032 郝6787好1170 耗5088 号5714 浩3185 呵0725 喝0824 菏3235 核2702禾4421 和0735 何0149 合0678 盒4139 貉6288 阂7039 河3109涸3212 赫6378 褐5964 鹤7729 贺6320 嘿0884 黑7815 痕4024很1771 狠3703 恨1868 哼0774 亨0077 横2897 衡5899 恒1854轰6575 哄0758 烘3530 虹5725 鸿7703 洪3163 宏1347 弘1738红4767 喉0814 侯0186 猴3729 吼0709 厚0624 候0230 后0683呼0729 乎0039 忽1824 瑚3840 壶1106 葫5519 胡5170 蝴5814狐3698 糊4739 湖3275 弧1721 虎5706 唬0801 护6233 互0062沪3337 户2073 花5363 哗0873 华5478 猾3736 滑3323 画3937画3973 划0439 化0553 话6114 槐2849 徊1773 怀2037 淮3232坏0975 欢2970 环3883 桓2719 还6703 缓4883 换2255 患1891唤0822 痪4050 豢6273 焕3562 涣3251 宦1360 幻1634 荒5435慌1967 黄7806 磺4337 蝗5794 簧4679 皇4106 凰0420 惶1929煌3552 晃2515 幌1610 恍1857 谎6192 灰3500 挥2264 辉6540徽1798 恢1863 蛔5784 回0932 毁3014 悔1882 慧1979 卉0583惠1920 晦2526 贿6325 秽4486 会2585 烩2476 汇0565 讳6172诲6140 绘4940 荤5526 昏2495 婚1241 魂3268 浑7609 混3236豁6255 活3172 伙0129 火3499 获3752 或2057 惑1910 霍7202货6303 祸4393 击2345 圾0969 基1015 机2623 畸3982 稽4472积4480 箕4614 肌5133 饥7382 迹6619 激3423 讥6217 鸡7741姬1213 绩4921 缉4874 吉0679 极2817 棘2765 辑6549 籍4694集7162 及0644 急1838 疾4014 汲0378 汲3078 即0613 嫉1271级4878 级4787 挤2357 几0415 脊5182 己1569 蓟5636 技2111冀0370 季1323 伎0125 祭4385 剂0495 悸1900 济3444 寄1376寂1374 计6060 记6068 既2478 忌1803 际7139 妓1178 继4949纪4764 嘉0857 枷2666 夹1140 佳0163 家1367 加0502 荚5453颊7335 贾6328 甲3946 钾6905 假0250 稼4471 价0116 架2665驾7468 嫁1268 歼3005 监4148 坚1017 尖1423 笺4608 间7035煎3553 兼0369 肩5144 艰5329 奸1169 缄4873 茧4942 检2914柬2687 碱4354 碱7769 碱8969 拣2245 简4675 俭0313 剪0477减8096 荐5433 槛2920 鉴7003 践6432 贱6345 见6015 键6943箭4628 件0115 健0256 舰5324 剑0494 饯7415 渐3362 溅3457涧3386 建1696 僵0304 姜1302 姜1203 将1412 浆3364 江3068疆3984 蒋5592 桨2862 奖1162 讲6199 匠0561 酱6830 降7100蕉5604 椒2786 礁4339 焦3542 胶5231 交0074 郊6738 浇3398骄7524 娇1293 嚼0920 搅2383 铰6890 矫4255 侥0299 脚5183狡3701 角6037 饺7398 缴4945 绞4819 剿0485 剿8464 教2403酵6806 轿6569 较6525 叫0663 窖4512 揭2263 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券0457__________________________________________________劝0538 缺4972 炔7448 瘸4063 却0606 鹊7717 榷2854 确4292雀7158 裙5942 群5028__________________________________________________。

2018苏教版九年级语文下册词语盘点(第一单元)

2018苏教版九年级语文下册词语盘点(第一单元)

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三年级语文知识点整理:汉字的结构

三年级语文知识点整理:汉字的结构

三年级语文知识点整理:汉字的结构涓夊勾绾ц姹夊瓧鐨勬瀯閫犲崟浣嶏細(1)?(2)鍋忔梺涓眽瀛楃殑鍩烘湰鍗曚綅锛涘瓧鍏哥紪绾傛椂鎶婄浉鍚屽亸鏃佺殑瀛楃紪鍦ㄤ竴?鐨勩€?姹夊瓧绗旈『锛?т竴瀹氱殑绗旈『鏉ュ啓鐨勶紝绗旈『鏄啓椤哄簭鐨勯棶棰樸€?闂存灦缁撴瀯鍚堢悊鐨勬眽瀛楁潵銆?锛涘厛璧板悗鍙炽€€锛涘厛閲屽ご鍚庡皝鍙??銆?姹夊€?姹夊瓧鐨勯棿鏋剁粨鏋勬槸鎸囧亸鏃併€佺瑪椤虹殑缁勫悎鏂瑰紡锛屼富瑕?锛?锛変笂涓嬬粨鏋勶細鎬濄€€鍏?锛?撴瀯锛氳崏銆€绔?锛?锛夊乏鍙崇粨鏋勶細銆€濂姐€€鍜?锛?缁撴瀯锛氳阿銆€鏍?锛?锛変笂涓夊寘鍥寸粨鏋勶細鍚屻€侀棶銆侀椆銆佸懆锛?锛変笅涓夊寘鍥寸粨鏋勶細鍑汇€佸嚩銆佸嚱銆佺敾锛?锛夊搧瀛楀舰缁撴瀯锛氬搧銆€妫?锛?锛夊崟涓€缁撴瀯锛?鏃?鏈?锛?锛夌┛鎻掔粨鏋勶細鐖?鍣?锛?0锛夊彸涓婂寘鍥寸粨鏋勶細鍙ャ€佸彲銆佸徃銆佸紡锛?1锛夊乏涓婂寘鍥寸粨鏋勶細搴欍€佺梾銆佹埧銆佸凹锛?2锛夊乏涓嬪寘鍥寸粨鏋勶細寤恒锛?3锛夊彸涓嬪寘鍥寸粨鏋勶細鏂?锛?4锛夊叏鍖呭洿缁撴瀯锛氬洜銆佸浌鐗规畩缁撴瀯锛氬潗銆佺埥銆佸す銆佸櫓鎵€鏈夋眽瀛楃?姹夊瓧鐨勭粨鏋勭粡鍏镐緥棰?閫夊嚭涓嬪垪鍙ュ瓙椤哄簭鎺掑垪姝g‘鐨勪竴椤广€?鈶村敖绠♀€滄湅鈥濃€滃弸鈥濅袱瀛楀悇鏈夋墍鎸囷紝鍚庢潵浜轰滑稿皧閲嶃€佷簰鐩稿府鍔╃殑浜恒€?€濄€?簡銆?嗗?A锛庘懙鈶粹懚鈶?B锛庘懛鈶碘懚鈶?C锛庘懙鈶粹懛鈶?D锛庘懛鈶碘懘鈶?: D? ) 鎴戜滑鐨勯噸鐐瑰ぇ瀛︼紝蹇呴』鎵€銆?A锛庡?B锛庡惁鍒欏氨涓嶄粎鑰屼笖C锛庢墍浠D?: B庣殑缁嗚妭锛岄偅浜涚儹鐖辩敓娲荤殑浜猴紝浠栦滑甯哥敤涓€绉嶇編濂界殑鐪煎厜鍘荤湅涓栫晫锛岀敤涓€棰椻€曗€曠殑蹇冨幓鎰熸偀鐢熸椿锛屽嵆浣挎湁鎵€鎬ㄣ€佹湁鎵€蹇э紝涔熼兘鑳藉寲瑙c€傛€€鐫€涓€棰楁劅鎭╃殑蹇冿紝鈥曗€曟墍缁忓巻鐨勭偣鐐规淮婊达紝浣犱細鍙戠幇鐢熸椿涓€鐩村緢缇庛€?A锛庡煿鑲茬粏鑷存敹钘?B锛庡瓡鑲茬粏鑵绘敹钘?C锛庡瓡鑲茬粏鑷存悳绱?D锛庡煿鑲茬粏鑵绘悳绱?: B?A B锛庝笉绠″嵆浣挎垨鑰呴兘C D: B?A锛庤€佹枒缇氬嚟鐫€濞寸啛鐨勮烦璺冩妧宸э紝鍦ㄥ崐澶ф枒缇氫粠鏈€楂樼偣濞寸啛锛氱啛缁冦€傦級B锛庢槸灞堣颈鐨勫績鐏靛湪鎶芥悙鍚楋紵锛堟娊鎼愶細杩欓噷鎸囧績鐏靛洜鐥涜嫤鑰岄ⅳ鎶栥€?锛?C甸瓊/鎺犺繃鎴戠殑澶撮《锛堜笉缇侊細涓嶅彈鎷樻潫銆傦級D锛庢墍浠ラ偅浜?锛?: D 涓嬪垪鍙ヤ腑鍔犵偣呰壊褰╂病鏈夊彂鐢熷彉鍖栫殑涓€椤规槸锛堬級(2鍒嗭級A锛庨笩鍎垮皢宸銆?Bф溅銆?C?D紝鎴戣瘉瀹烇紝鍙戠敓浜嗕竴娆″伔绐冿紝鏈変袱鍚嶇獌璐笺€傚厛鐢燂紝浠?: C 锛?鍒嗭級姹夊瓧鐨勭粨鏋勮瘯棰??A锛庤€佹枒缇氬嚟鐫€濞寸啛鐨勮烦璺冩妧宸э紝鍦ㄥ崐澶ф練鐨勮箘涓嬨€傦紙濞寸啛锛氱啛缁冦€傦級B锛庢槸灞堣颈鐨勫績鐏靛湪鎶芥悙鍚楋紵锛堟娊鎼愶細杩欓噷鎸囧績鐏靛洜鐥涜嫤鑰岄ⅳ鎶栥€?锛?C锛庢湁/鎺犺繃鎴戠殑澶撮《锛堜笉缇侊細涓嶅彈鎷樻潫銆傦級D?锛?棰樺瀷:惧害锛氬亸鏄?栫殑涓€椤规槸锛堬級(2鍒嗭級A?Bф嗕粬缁堜簬璁插畾浜嗕环閽憋紱灏遍€佹垜涓婅溅銆?C锛庣埗浜茶€佸疄鍘氶?D浗鐨勫叏閮ㄨ禐瑾夈€?棰樺瀷: ?4鍒嗭級鈶犱俊瀹㈡矇绋冲湴鐐圭偣澶达紝浠栫湅寰楀お澶氾紝瀵硅繖涓€鍒囧叏鑳界悊瑙c€傞兘甯傞噷鐨勫崌娌夎崳杈憋紝闇囬ⅳ鐫€闀挎湡杩焏霉n锛堛€€銆€銆€锛夌殑鍐滄潙绁sh膩o( )銆?鈶′腑鏂囨眽瀛楋紝闆嗗舰浣撱€佸0闊冲拰鎰忎箟浜庝竴浣擄紝瀹冪嫭鍏穖猫i()ц鐨刧u墨()瀹跺洯銆?棰樺瀷: В?鍒嗭級鈶犱腑鏂扮綉鍖椾含绔?011骞?2鏈?1О呮瘨鐨勪富瑕佺殑浼犳挱銆?鏄?鍏跺啗浜嬫€с€佹垬鏂楁€с€?槸閭d簺闈炰弗鏍兼剰涔夌殑鍚屼箟璇嶏紝鍥犱负瀹冧滑鍚屼腑鏈夊紓锛屼娇鐢ㄧ殑鏃跺€欏氨蹇呴』鏈夋墍銆?A锛庡獟浠嬫帺楗板尯鍒?B锛庡獟浣撴帺楗板垎鍒?C锛庡獟浠嬫帺鐩栧垎鍒?D锛庡獟浣撴帺楗板尯鍒?棰樺瀷:闅惧害锛氬亸鏄?€鎭板綋鐨勪竴椤规槸锛堬級锛?鍒嗭級_________________侊紝澶氫簡涓€浠藉畞闈欙紱灏戜簡涓€浠藉焊淇楋紝澶氫簡涓€浠介泤鑷达紱灏戜簡涓€浠戒笘鏁咃紝澶氫簡涓€浠界函鐪熴€?A锛庢竻鍐藉菇棣欓唶鍘?B锛庢竻鍐介唶鍘氬菇棣?C锛庨唶鍘氭竻鍐藉菇棣?D锛庨唶鍘氬菇棣欐竻鍐?棰樺瀷: ?閫夊嚭?3鍒? (1)澶╄竟鐨勪簯褰╀笉鍋滃湴鐫€锛屾椂Н?(2)閭i粍浜嗙殑绋昏崏锛屼篃灏辨槸涓婂勾鐨勭Ё鑻楋紝杩欑豢鑹茬殑绉ц嫍锛屽張浼氬彉鎴愭潵骞寸殑绋昏崏锛岀ɑ鑽変笌绉ц?(3)鏄ュぉ锛?A浉鏄犳垚瓒?B锛庡彉骞讳紶鎵胯祻蹇冩偊鐩?C锛庡彉骞讳紶閫掔浉鏄犳垚瓒?D?棰樺瀷: ?。

七年级下册《平方根》第二课时教案

七年级下册《平方根》第二课时教案

七年级下册《平方根》第二课时教案涓冨勾绾т?1锛庡唴瀹?---鐢ㄦ湁鐞嗘暟浼扮畻銆佺敤璁$畻鍣ㄦ眰鍊硷紟2锛庡唴瀹硅В鏋?锛?()鏃犵悊鏁扮殑澶ц渶瑕佺殑涓€绉嶈兘鍔涳紟浣跨敤璁$畻鍣ㄥ彲浠ユ眰浠讳綍姝f暟鐨勫钩鏂规牴锛屼絾涓嶅悓鍝佺墝鐨?及璁′竴涓??鏃犵悊鏁扮殑澶ц嚧鑼冨洿锛?瀽1锛庢暀瀛︾洰鏍?锛?锛?В琚(鎴栫缉灏?(鎴栫缉灏?鐨勮2锛庣洰鏍囪В鏋?锛?氬埄鐢ㄤ及绠楁瘮杈冨ぇ灏忥紱浜嗚В澶归€兼硶锛岄噰鐢ㄤ笉瓒宠繎浼煎€煎拰杩囧墿杩戜技鍊兼潵锛?圭殑绋嬪簭(鎸夐敭鐨勯『搴?В琚2浣嶏紝瀹冪殑绠楁湳骞虫柟鏍瑰氨鐩稿簲鍦板悜鍙虫垨鍚戝乏绉诲姩1浣嶏紝鍗宠?鎴栫缉灏?100鍊嶏紝瀹冪殑绠楁湳骞虫柟鏍瑰氨鎵╁ぇ(鎴栫缉灏?10鍊嶏紟???鏃犵悊鏁扮殑澶цц滃す閫兼硶鈥濊繘琛屼及璁★紝鍗冲埄鐢ㄥ叾涓€绯诲垪涓嶈冻杩戜技鍊煎拰у€涓??鏃犵悊鏁扮殑澶ц嚧鑼冨洿鐨勮繃绋嬶紝??11 锛?锛変粈涔堟槸绠楁湳骞虫柟鏍?鎬庢牱琛ㄧず?锛?锛夎礋鏁版湁绠楁湳骞虫柟鏍瑰悧锛?甯堢敓娲诲姩銆€瀛︾敓鍥炵瓟锛屾?4锛涗絾瀹為??2锛庨棶棰樻帰绌讹紝瀛︿範鏂扮煡21dm2dm堝睍绀哄壀鎷兼柟娉曪紟杩介棶锛?锛?2dm鐨勫ぇ姝f柟褰㈢殑杈归暱搴旇?В绛旓紝鏁欏笀瀵硅В熻繘琛屾寚瀵硷紟杩介棶锛?锛??dm锛?檯鐢熸Н鏋佹€э紝杩介棶锛?锛変富瑕佷负鍚庨潰浠嬬粛鐢ㄦ暟杞翠笂鐨勭偣琛ㄧず浣滃噯澶囷紟3у?фэ紝鐢辩洿瑙傚彲鐭ュぇ浜?鑰屽皬浜?欏笀鏉夸功鎺ㄧ悊杩囩▼锛?杩介棶锛?锛?閭d箞鏄?鍥达紵?涓旀渶鎺ヨ繎鐨?浣嶅皬鏁版槸1锛?锛岃€屽钩鏂规暟澶т簬2涓旀渶鎺ヨ繎鐨?浣嶅皬鏁版槸1锛?锛屾墍浠ュぇ浜?锛?鑰屽皬浜?锛??杩介棶锛?锛?у皬鐨勬柟娉曪?у皬鐨勬柟娉2锛変富瑕佷负鍙婃椂宸╁浐浼扮畻鏂规硶锛?3渚?锛?锛夛紱锛?锛?绮剧‘鍒?锛?01)В绛斿畬锛?у屼綋浼氬す閫兼硶鐨勫彲琛屾€э??锛夛紟?缁冧範44椤电粌涔?锛???4?鐜板湪鎴戜滑鏉ヨВ?4銆€锛?锛変綘浼氳〃绀哄嚭, 鍚楋紵锛?锛夌敤璁$畻鍣ㄦ眰, 锛??屼唬鍏ワ紝鍒╃敤璁$畻鍣ㄦ眰鍑? 锛?旂敤锛?5鈥?鈥?鈥?鈥?杩介棶锛?锛?暟鐨勫皬鏁扮偣鍚戝彸鎴栧悜宸︾Щ鍔?浣嶏紝瀹冪殑绠楁湳骞虫柟鏍圭殑灏忔暟鐐瑰氨鐩稿簲鍦板悜鍙虫垨鍚戝乏绉诲姩1浣嶏紟杩介棶锛?锛?浣犺兘璇村嚭鍏朵腑鐨勯亾鐞嗗悧锛?规暟鎵╁ぇ鐨勫€嶆暟涓庡叾绠楁湳骞虫柟鏍规墿澶х殑鍊嶆暟鎬濊€冨洖绛(鎴栫缉灏?100鍊嶏紝10000鍊嶁€︽椂锛屽叾绠楁湳骞虫柟鏍圭浉搴斿湴鎵╁ぇ(鎴栫缉灏?10鍊嶏紝100鍊嶁€︼紟杩介棶锛?锛?(绮剧‘鍒?锛?01)锛屽苟鍒╃敤鍒氭墠鐨勫緱锛岀殑杩戜技鍊硷紟杩介棶锛?锛?30涓??渚? 400cm鐨勯暱鏂瑰舰绾哥墖锛屾部鐫€杈300cm鐨勯暱鏂瑰舰绾哥墖锛屼娇瀹冪殑涓?:2槑瑙佷簡璇?甯堢敓娲诲姩锛氭暀甯堝嚭绀洪棶棰橈紝瀛︾敓鐞嗚В: 锛??锛??锛?锛夐暱鏂瑰舰鐨勯暱鍜у皬鍏崇郴鏈€鍚庣粰鍑哄畬鏁寸殑瑙g瓟杩囩▼锛?5锛庡綊绾冲皬缁擄細?锛?涔堬紵锛?浼煎€煎悧锛?锛?(鎴栫缉灏?(鎴栫缉灏?鎬庢牱鐨勫憿锛?锛??6?锛?绗?銆?銆?0棰橈紟?1锛庢眰鐨勬暣鏁伴儴鍒嗭紟2锛庢瘮杈冧笅鍒楀悇缁勬暟鐨勫ぇ灏忥紟锛?锛変笌锛涳紙2锛変笌12锛涳紙3锛変笌锛?у皬鐨勮兘鍔涳紟3锛庤嫢锛岋紝閭d箞_______锛沖______锛?鏈夊叧瑙勫緥鐨勭悊瑙o紟4锛庡浗闄呮瘮璧涚殑瓒崇悆鍦虹殑闀垮湪100m鍒?10m涔嬮棿, 瀹藉湪64m鍒?5m涔嬮棿, ?锛?鍊? 闈㈢Н涓?560m,В鍐冲疄闄呴棶棰樼殑鑳藉姏锛?。

最长片道きっぷの厳密解を求める

最长片道きっぷの厳密解を求める

bi =3となるi は高々1個(4分岐以
上)
「bi =3となるi は高々1個」という条件 分岐駅i が4分岐以上だったら? (例) b1=x1+x2+x3+x4
f11≧x1+x2+x3-2, f12≧x1+x2+x4-2, f13≧x1+x3+x4-2, f14≧x2+x3+x4-2, fi ∈{0,1},∑{fi |i は分岐駅}=1.
各区間に0-1整数変数を割り当てる xi =1(区間i を使う), xi =0(区間i を使わな い) 目的関数
x1
x2 x4
x3
max. ∑{di ・xi |i は区間}
di は区間i の距離
駅変数の導入
終端駅と分岐駅にも整数変数を定義 終端駅をei ,分岐駅をbi とする 駅変数:駅に接続している区間を何回使うか
タイプPeの計算結果
タイプPeのIPは,実際には緩和問題 (部分巡回路を含む) タイプPe(緩和問題)の最適解 11286.5km (< タイプLの最適解11925.9km) 計算時間156秒 → タイプPeはLOPの最適解ではない
タイプPnの緩和問題
タイプPnは隣接駅(約800個)も考える必要有 → タイプPnを緩和し,タイプBを定義する
タイプB(8の字)の整数計画問題
max.∑{di ・xi |i は区間} s. t. ∑ {ei|i は終端駅}=0, 任意の分岐駅i についてbi ∈{0,2,4},
「bi =4となるi は高々1個」,
任意の区間i についてxi ∈{0,1}.
タイプBの計算結果
タイプBのIPは,実際には緩和問題 (部分巡回路を含む) タイプB(緩和問題)の最適解 11916.3km (< タイプLの最適解11925.9km) 計算時間40秒 → タイプPnはLOPの最適解ではない

三年级语文知识点整理:诗词鉴赏

三年级语文知识点整理:诗词鉴赏

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2018苏教版九年级语文下册词语盘点(第六单元)

2018苏教版九年级语文下册词语盘点(第六单元)

2018苏教版九年级语文下册词语盘点(第六单元)2018鍗佷節閭瑰繉璁介綈鐜嬬撼璋??銆愪慨銆戦暱锛岃繖??銆愶拷i(y矛)涓姐€戝厜鑹崇編涓姐€?銆愭湞zh膩o鏈嶈。

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八年级语文上册古诗词汇总(鲁教版)

八年级语文上册古诗词汇总(鲁教版)

八年级语文上册古诗词汇总(鲁教版)цэ紙涓婂唽锛夛細???鎬€鏃х?娌夎垷渚х晹鍗冨竼杩囷紝鐥呮爲鍓嶅ご涓囨湪鏄ャ€??鏉滅墽??杩囬浂涓佹磱鏂囧ぉ绁???鎯舵亹婊╁ご璇存兌鎭愶紝闆朵竵娲嬮噷鍙归浂涓併€?ф睏闈掋€?姘磋皟姝屽ご锛堟槑鏈堝嚑鏃舵湁锛?鑻忚郊綍骞淬€傛垜娆蹭箻椋庡綊鍘伙紝鍙堟亹鐞兼ゼ鐜夊畤锛岄珮澶勪笉鑳滃瘨銆傝捣鑸炲紕娓呭奖锛屼綍浼煎湪浜洪棿銆?ф椂鍦?灞卞潯缇?娼煎叧鎬€鍙?寮犲吇娴?剰韪岃簢銆?涗骸锛岀櫨濮撹嫤銆?闄舵笂鏄?缁撳簮鍦ㄤ汉澧冿紝鑰屾棤杞﹂┈鍠с€????姝や腑鏈夌湡鎰忥紝娆茶鲸宸插繕瑷€銆?琛岃矾闅撅紙鍏朵竴锛?鏉庣櫧閲戞ń娓呴厭鏂楀崄鍗冿紝鐜夌洏鐝嶇緸鐩翠竾閽便€???闂叉潵鍨傞挀纰ф??鏉滅敨??搧锛屽▏鍎挎伓鍗ц?т瀹夊緱骞垮帵鍗冧竾闂达紝澶у?紒宀戝弬??? 灏嗗啗瑙掑紦涓嶅緱鎺э紝閮芥姢閾佽。

鍐烽毦鐫€銆? 鐎氭捣闃戝共鐧句笀鍐帮紝鎰佷簯鎯ㄦ贰涓囬噷鍑濄€????? 宸变亥鏉傝瘲榫氳嚜鐝?? 钀界孩涓嶆槸鏃犳儏鐗╋紝鍖栦綔鏄ユ偿鏇存姢鑺便€? 瑙傚垐楹?鐧藉眳鏄???鐩搁殢楗风敯鍘伙紝涓佸.鍦ㄥ崡鍐堛€?瓒宠捀鏆戝湡姘旓紝鑳岀伡鐐庡ぉ鍏夈€??????浠婃垜浣曞姛寰凤紝鏇句笉浜嬪啘妗戙€??э紝灏芥棩涓嶈兘蹇樸€?鍒樻柟骞?鏇存繁鏈堣壊鍗婁汉瀹讹紝鍖楁枟闃戝共鍗楁枟鏂溿€??娓╁涵绛??楦″0鑼呭簵鏈堬紝浜鸿抗鏉挎ˉ闇溿€?ч┛澧欍€??鍗滅畻瀛?闄嗘父??鐮撮樀瀛?鏅忔畩鐕曞瓙鏉ユ椂鏂扮ぞ锛屾ⅷ鑺辫惤鍚庢竻鏄庛€傛睜涓婄ⅶ鑻斾笁鍥涚偣锛屽?宸х?娴f邯娌?鑻忚郊绨岀皩琛e肪钀芥灒鑺憋紝鏉戝崡鏉戝寳鍝嶇疾杞︺€傜墰琛e彜鏌冲崠榛勭摐銆??閱夎姳闃?鏉庢竻鐓?钖勯浘娴撲簯鎰佹案鏄硷紝鐟炶剳娑堥噾鍏姐€備匠鑺傚張閲嶉槼锛岀帀鏋曠?タ椋庯紝浜烘瘮榛勮姳鐦︺€?鍗椾埂瀛?鐧讳含鍙e寳鍥轰涵鏈夋€€杈涘純鐤?偁鎮狅紝涓嶅敖闀挎睙婊氭粴娴侊紒熸浌鍒樸€傜敓瀛愬綋濡傚瓩浠茶皨锛?。

2018年人教版新目标八年级英语上册全册词汇表整理

2018年人教版新目标八年级英语上册全册词汇表整理

2018年人教版新目标八年级英语上册全册词汇表整理2018骞翠汉鏁欑増鏂扮洰鏍囧叓骞寸骇鑻辫涓婂唽鍏ㄥ唽璇嶆眹琛ㄦ暣鐞? Unit1 Where did you go on vacation?anyone ['eniwn] pron.浠讳綍浜?anywhere ['eniwe(r)] adv.浠讳綍鍦版柟n.浠讳綍(涓€涓?鍦版柟wonderful ['wndfl] adj.绮惧僵鐨勶紱鏋佸ソ鐨?few [fju] adj.寰堝皯鐨勶紱n.灏戦噺quite a few鐩稿綋澶氾紱涓嶅皯(鍚庢帴鍙暟鍚嶈瘝)most [mst] adj.鏈€澶氱殑锛涘ぇ澶氭暟鐨勶紱something ['sm胃] pron.鏌愪簨鐗╋紱nothing(=not鈥nything) ['n胃] pron.娌℃湁浠€涔坣.娌℃湁everyone ['evriwn] pron.姣忎汉锛涗汉浜?of course [vks] 褰撶劧myself [ma'self] pron.鎴戣嚜宸?yourself [j'self] pron.浣犺嚜宸憋紱浣犱翰鑷?hen [hen] n.姣嶉浮锛涢泴绂?pig n.鐚?seem [sim] vi.浼间箮锛涘ソ鍍?bored [bd] adj.鏃犺亰鐨勶紱鍘岀儲鐨勶紱閮侀椃鐨?someone ['smwn] pron.鏌愪汉锛涙湁浜?diary ['dari] n.鏃ヨ锛涙棩璁扮翱(keep a diary)activity [忙k'tvti] n.娲诲姩锛涙椿璺?decide [d'sad] v.鍐冲畾锛涢€夊畾(decide to do sth.)try [tra] v.灏濊瘯锛涜娉曪紱鍔姏(try to do sth. /try doing sth.) paragliding ['p忙rlad] n.绌轰腑婊戠繑璺充紴feel like(doing sth.)鎯宠bird [bd] n.楦燂紱绂?bicycle ['baskl] n.鑷杞?building ['bld] n.寤虹瓚鐗?trader ['tred(r)] n.鍟嗕汉锛涘晢鑸?wonder ['wnd(r)] v.鎯婂锛涙兂鐭ラ亾锛涙€€鐤?difference ['dfrns] n.宸紓锛涗笉鍚?top [tp] n.椤堕儴锛涢《wait [wet] v.绛夛紱绛夊緟(wait for)umbrella [m'brel] n.浼烇紱闆ㄤ紴wet [wet] adj.婀跨殑锛涢洦澶╃殑because of鍥犱负锛涚敱浜?below [b'l] prep.浣庝簬锛涘湪...涓嬮潰adv.鍦ㄤ笅闈?enough ['nf] adj.瓒冲鐨刟dv.瓒冲鍦帮紱鍏呭垎鍦?hungry(鍙峟ull) ['hri] adj.楗ラタ鐨勶紱娓存湜鐨?as [z] conj.濡傚悓锛涘儚...涓€鏍?hill缇嶽hl] n. 灏忓北锛涗笜闄碉紱鏂滃潯锛涘北鍐?duck [dk] n.楦倝锛涢腑dislike [ds'lak] v.涓嶅枩娆紱鍘屾伓n.涓嶅枩鐖憋紱鍘屾伓锛涘弽鎰?have a good time=enjoy oneself=have fun(doing sth.)鐜╁緱鐥涘揩Central Park 涓ぎ鍏洯Huangguoshu waterfall 榛勬灉鏍戠€戝竷Hangkong H.K. 棣欐腐Malaysia 椹潵瑗夸簹Georgetown 鍦簹閭d箶娌绘暒娓彛锛岀編鍥戒箶娌诲煄澶уWeld Quay琛?(娴蜂咕琛?鐮佸ご) 浣嶄簬椹潵瑗夸簹妲熷煄宀?宸?,涔旀不甯? Penang Hill 椹潵瑗夸簹妲熸灞憋紙鍗囨棗灞憋級tian'anmen square 澶╁畨闂ㄥ箍鍦?the Palace Museum 鏁呭鍗氱墿闄?Unit2 How often do you exercise?housework ['haswk] n.瀹跺姟鍔冲姩hardly ['hdli] adv.鍑犱箮涓嶏紱绠€鐩翠笉锛涘垰鍒?ever ['ev(r)] adv.鏇剧粡锛涘湪浠讳綍鏃跺€?hardly ever寰堝皯锛涘嚑涔庝粠涓嶏紱闅惧緱once [wns] adv.涓€娆★紱鏇剧粡twice [twas] adv.涓ゅ€嶏紱涓ゆInternet ['ntnet] n.鍥犵壒缃?program ['prr忙m] n.鑺傜洰锛涚▼搴忥紱璇剧▼锛涜妭鐩崟full [fl] adj.婊$殑锛涘厖婊$殑锛涘畬鍏ㄧ殑swing [sw] n.鎽囨憜锛涚鍗僾.鎽囨憜锛涙棆杞?swing dance鎽囨憜鑸?maybe ['mebi] adv.鎴栬锛涗篃璁革紱鍙兘least [list] adj.鏈€灏忕殑锛涙渶灏戠殑at least鑷冲皯junk n.鍨冨溇锛涘簾鏃ф潅鐗?junk food n.鍨冨溇椋熷搧锛涙棤钀ュ吇椋熷搧coffee ['kfi] n.鍜栧暋锛涘挅鍟¤壊health [hel胃] n.鍋ュ悍锛涗汉鐨勮韩浣撴垨绮剧鐘舵€? result [r'zlt] .缁撴灉锛涘悗鏋?percent [p'sent] adj.鐧惧垎涔?..鐨?online [n'lan] adj.鍦ㄧ嚎鐨刟dv.鍦ㄧ嚎鍦?television ['telvn] n.鐢佃鏈猴紱鐢佃鑺傜洰although [l'冒] conj.铏界劧锛涘敖绠★紱鐒惰€岋紱鍙槸through [胃ru] prep.绌胯繃锛涘嚟鍊燂紱涓€鐩村埌mind [mand] .澶磋剳锛涙兂娉曪紱鎰忚锛涘績鎬?body ['bdi] n.韬綋such [st] adj.杩欐牱鐨勶紱濡傛鐨?such as渚嬪锛涜濡?together [t'e冒(r)] adv.鍏卞悓锛涗竴璧?die [da] v.姝伙紱鏋锛涙秷澶?writer ['rat(r)] n.浣滆€咃紱浣滃dentist ['dentst] n.鐗欑鍖荤敓magazine ['m忙zin] n.鏉傚織however [ha'ev(r)] adv.鐒惰€岋紱鏃犺濡備綍锛涗笉绠″涔?than [冒n] conj.姣?more than瓒呰繃锛涘浜庯紱涓嶄粎浠咃紱闈炲父almost ['lmst] adv.鍑犱箮锛涘樊涓嶅none [nn] pron.娌℃湁浜猴紱娌℃湁浠讳綍涓滆タ锛屾鏃?less [les] adj.鏇村皯鐨勶紱杈冨皯鐨?less than涓嶅埌锛涘皯浜?point [pnt] n.鐪嬫硶锛涜鐐癸紱閲嶇偣锛涘皬鏁扮偣锛涚洰鏍囷紱鍒嗘暟Unit3 I'm more outgoing than my sister.outgoing ['at] adj.澶栧悜鐨?better ['bet(r)] adj.鏇村ソ鐨勶紱杈冨ソ鐨?adv.鏇村ソ鍦?loudly ['ladli] adv.澶у0鍦帮紱楂樺0鍦帮紱鑺变繌鍦?quietly ['kwatli] adv.瀹夐潤鍦帮紱鎮勬倓鍦帮紱骞抽潤鍦?hard-working [hd'wk] adj.鍕ゅ媺鐨勶紱鍔姏宸ヤ綔鐨?competition [kmp'tn] n.绔炰簤锛涙瘮璧?fantastic [f忙n't忙stk] adj.鏋佸ソ鐨勶紱浜嗕笉璧风殑which adj.鍝竴涓紱鍝竴浜沺ron.鍝竴涓紱鍝簺clearly ['klli] adv.娓呮鍦帮紱鏄剧劧鍦?win [wn] v.璧紱璧㈠緱锛涜幏鑳滐紱鑾峰緱n.鑳滃埄though conj.铏界劧锛涘敖绠★紱adv.涓嶈繃talented ['t忙lntd] adj.鏈夋墠鑳界殑锛涙湁澶╄祴鐨?truly ['truli] adv.鐪熷疄鍦帮紱鐪熻瘹鍦帮紱姝g‘鍦?care [ke(r)] v.鍏冲績锛涙媴蹇э紱鐓ч【锛涘湪涔?care about鍏冲績serious ['sris] adj.涓ヨ們鐨勶紱涓ラ噸鐨勶紱搴勯噸鐨?mirror ['mr(r)] n.闀滃瓙锛涘弽鏄?kid n. 瀛╁瓙锛屽皬瀛?as long as鍙necessary ['nessri] adj.蹇呰鐨勶紱蹇呯劧鐨?be different from鍜?..涓嶅悓both [b胃] adj.涓よ€呴兘pron.涓よ€?bring out鎷垮嚭锛涙帹鍑?grade n. 鎴愮哗should [d] aux.搴旇锛涘彲鑳斤紱搴斿綋锛涘皢瑕?the same as涓?..鍚屾牱鐨?saying n. 鍚嶈█reach [rit] v.鍒拌揪锛涗几鍑猴紱杈炬垚锛涘彇寰楄仈绯伙紱寤朵几锛?浼告墜)鍘诲hand n.鎻存墜touch [tt] vt.瑙︽懜锛涙劅鍔?heart [ht] n.蹇冭剰锛涘唴蹇?fact [f忙kt] n.浜嬪疄锛涚湡鐩革紱瀹為檯in fact浜嬪疄涓婏紱瀹為檯涓婏紱纭垏鍦拌break [brek] v.鎵撶锛涙姌鏂紱杩濊儗锛涜В鍐筹紱涓柇arm n. 鑳宠唺laugh [lf] v.鍙戠瑧锛涚瑧锛涘槻绗?n.绗戝0锛涚瑧锛涚瑧鏂? share [e(r)] vt.鍒嗕韩锛屽叡浜紱鍒嗛厤锛涘叡鏈?loud [lad] adj.澶у0鐨勶紱adv.澶у0鍦帮紱鍝嶄寒鍦? similar ['sml(r)] adj.绫讳技鐨?be similar to绫讳技浜庯紱涓?..鐩镐技primary ['pramri] adj.鏈€鍒濈殑锛屾渶鏃╃殑primary school 灏忓information [nf'men] n.淇℃伅锛涙儏鎶ワ紱璧勬枡锛涢€氱煡Unit4 What's the best movie theater?theater ['胃t] n.鍓у満锛涚數褰遍櫌锛涙垙闄?comfortable ['kmftbl] adj.鑸掗€傜殑锛涘厖瑁曠殑seat [sit] n.搴т綅锛?screen [skrin] n.灞忓箷锛涢摱骞?close [kls] v.鍏筹紱鍚堟嫝锛涗笉寮€鏀撅紱鍋滀笟ticket n. 绁?worst [wst] adj.鏈€鍧忕殑锛涙渶宸殑cheaply ['tipli] adv.寤変环鍦帮紱绮椾織鍦?song [s] n.姝屾洸锛涙瓕鍞?choose [tuz] v.閫夋嫨锛涘喅瀹?carefully ['kefli] adv.灏忓績鍦帮紝璁ょ湡鍦?reporter [r'pt(r)] n.璁拌€?so far鍒扮洰鍓嶄负姝紱杩勪粖涓烘fresh [fre] adj.鏂伴矞鐨勶紱娓呮柊鐨?comfortably ['kmftbli] adv.鑸掓湇鍦帮紱瀹规槗鍦帮紱鍏呰鍦? worse [ws] adj.鏇村潖鐨勶紱鏇村樊鐨?service ['svs] n.鏈嶅姟pretty ['prti] adv.鐩稿綋鍦癮dj.婕備寒鐨?menu ['menju] n.鑿滃崟act [忙kt] v.琛屽姩锛涜〃婕?meal [mil] n.涓€椁愶紱鑶抽creative [kri'etv] adj.鍒涢€犵殑锛屽垱閫犳€х殑锛? performer [p'fm(r)] n.琛ㄦ紨鑰咃紱鎵ц鑰?talent ['t忙lnt] n.澶╄祴锛涙墠鑳斤紝鎵嶈壓锛?common ['kmn] adj.甯歌鐨勶紱鍏卞悓鐨勶紱鏅€氱殑have鈥n common鏈夌浉鍚岀壒寰?magician [m'dn] n.榄旀湳甯堬紱鏈+all kinds of鍚勭鍚勬牱锛涘悇绉嶇被鍨?beautifully ['bjutfli] adv.缇庝附鍦帮紱瀹岀編鍦帮紱be up to鏄€︹€?鐨勮亴璐o紱鐢扁€︹€?鍐冲畾role [rl] n.浣滅敤锛涜鑹?play a role鍙戞尌浣滅敤锛涙湁褰卞搷winner ['wn(r)] n.鑾疯儨鑰?prize [praz] n.濂栧搧锛涘閲?everybody ['evribdi] pron.姣忎汉锛涗汉浜?make up缂栭€?example ['zmpl] n.渚嬪瓙锛涙鏍?for example渚嬪poor [p(r)] adj.鍙€滅殑锛涜传绌风殑seriously ['srisli] 涓ラ噸鍦帮紝涓ヨ們鍦?take鈥eriously璁ょ湡瀵瑰緟give [v] v.缁欙紱璧犱簣锛涢€?crowded ['kradd] adj.鎷ユ尋鐨?Unit5 Do you want to watch a game show?sitcom ['stkm] n.锛坰ituation comedy) 鎯呮櫙鍠滃墽news [njuz] n.鏂伴椈锛涙秷鎭?soap [sp] n. 鑲ョ殏锛?soap opera 鑲ョ殏鍓?educational [edu'kenl] adj.鏁欒偛鐨勶紱鏈夋暀鑲叉剰涔夌殑plan [pl忙n] n.璁″垝锛涙柟娉晇.鎵撶畻锛涜鍒?hope [hp] .甯屾湜锛涙湡鏈涳紱鐩兼湜n.甯屾湜find out鏌ユ槑銆佸紕娓?discussion [d'skn] n.璁ㄨ锛涜皥璁?stand [st忙nd] v.绔欑珛锛涘繊鍙?happen ['h忙pn] vi.鍙戠敓锛涚宸э紱鍑虹幇锛涘伓閬? may [me] aux.鍙互锛岃兘澶燂紱鍙兘锛屼篃璁? expect [k'spekt] v.棰勬湡锛涙湡寰咃紱鐩兼湜joke [dk] n.绗戣瘽锛涚帺绗憊.璇寸瑧璇濓紱寮€鐜╃瑧comedy ['kmdi] n.鍠滃墽锛涙粦绋斤紱骞介粯浜嬩欢meaningless ['minls] adj.鏃犳剰涔夌殑锛涗笉閲嶈鐨? action ['忙kn] n.琛屼负锛涙椿鍔?action movie鍔ㄤ綔鐗?cartoon [k'tun] n.鍗¢€氾紱婕敾culture ['klt(r)] n.鏍藉煿锛涙枃鍖栵紱鏁欏吇famous ['fems] adj.钁楀悕鐨勶紱鏈夊悕鐨?appear ['p(r)] vi.鍑虹幇锛涘嚭鐗堬紱鏄惧緱become [b'km] v.鍙樻垚锛涙垚涓?rich [rt] adj.瀵屾湁鐨勶紱瀵岄ザ鐨勶紱涓板瘜鐨?successful [sk'sesfl] adj.鎴愬姛鐨勶紱鍦嗘弧鐨?might [mat] aux.鍙兘锛涗篃璁革紱may鐨勮繃鍘诲紡main [men] adj.涓昏鐨勶紱鏈€閲嶈鐨?reason ['rizn] n.鍘熷洜锛涚悊鐢?comedy ['kmdi] n.鍠滃墽film [flm] n.鐢靛奖unlucky [n'lki] adj.鍊掗湁鐨勶紱涓嶅垢鐨勶紱涓嶅悏鍒╃殑lose [luz] vt.涓㈠け锛涘け璐i.澶辫触girlfriend ['lfrnd] n.濂虫湅鍙?ready ['redi] adj.鍑嗗濂界殑锛涗箰鎰忕殑be ready to鎰挎剰杩呴€熷仛鏌愪簨character ['k忙rkt(r)] n.涓€э紱鍝佽川锛涗汉鐗╋紱simple ['smpl] adj.绠€鍗曠殑锛涙湸绱犵殑锛涘崟绾殑锛涚鐨? dress up瑁呮壆锛涗箶瑁呮墦鎵?take sb.鈥檚place浠f浛锛涙浛鎹?army ['mi] n.鍐涢槦锛涢檰鍐涳紱涓€澶ф壒do a good job宸ヤ綔骞插緱濂斤紱鍋氬緱濂?Unit6 I'm going to study computer science.grow up 闀垮ぇ鎴愰暱computer programmer 璁$畻鏈虹鐞嗗憳cook [kk] vt. 鐑硅皟锛岀叜锛岀儳锛屽仛(楗?锛歷i. 鐑归オ锛屽仛楗紝鐑ц彍锛涘姞鐑鐞嗛鐗?doctor ['dkt(r)]鍖荤敓engineer [end'nr] 宸ョ▼甯?violinist [va'lnst]灏忔彁鐞存墜driver ['drav] n. 椹鹃┒鍛橈紱椹卞姩绋嬪簭锛涜捣瀛愶紱浼犲姩鍣?pilot ['palt] 椋炶鍛?pianist ['pnst] 閽㈢惔瀹?scientist['santst]绉戝瀹?be sure about 纭俊make sure 纭繚college ['kld] 澶уeducation [edu'ken] 鏁欒偛medicine ['medsn]鑽紝鍖诲university [jun'vrsti] 澶у锛岄珮绛夊搴?London 'lndn] n.浼︽暒article ['rtkl]鏂囩珷锛岃鏂?send [send] 閭瘎锛屽彂閫?resolution [rez'lun] 鍐冲績锛屽喅瀹?team [tim] (涓€)闃?浜?锛?涓€)缁?浜?foreign ['frn] 澶栧浗鐨?able [ebl] 鑳藉be able to 鑳藉鍋氭煇浜?question ['kwstn] n.闂meaning ['min] n. 鎰忎箟锛涳紱adj. 鎰忓懗娣遍暱鐨剉. 鎰忓懗锛涙剰鎬濇槸discuss [dsks] 璁ㄨ锛屽晢閲?promise [prms] 鎵胯锛岃瑷€beginning [bn] 寮€澶达紝寮€绔?at the beginning of 璧峰垵improve [mpruv] 鏀硅繘锛屾敼鍠?write down 鍐欎笅physical ['fzkl]韬綋鐨?themselves [冒m'slvz] 浠栦滑鑷繁have to do with鍏充簬;涓庘€︹€︽湁鍏崇郴selfimprovement [selfmp'ruvmnt]鑷垜鏀硅繘锛岃嚜鎴戞彁楂?take up瀛︾潃鍋氾紱寮€濮嬪仛hobby ['hbi] 涓氫綑鐖卞ソweekly ['wikli] adj. 姣忓懆鐨勶紱锛?n. 鍛ㄥ垔adv. 姣忓懆涓€娆★紱閫愬懆[ 澶嶆暟weeklies ]school work 瀛︽牎浣滀笟agree ['ri] vt. 鍚屾剰锛涜禐鎴愶紱鎵胯vi. 鍚屾剰锛涙剰瑙佷竴鑷?agree with 鍚屾剰own [on] 銆€鑷繁鐨勶紝鏈汉鐨勶紝鎷ユ湁personal ['prsnl]涓汉鐨勶紝绉佷汉鐨?relationship [r'lenp] 鍏崇郴Unit 7 Will people have robots?paper['pepr] 绾搞€€pollution [p'lun] 姹℃煋锛涙薄鏌撶墿prediction[pr'dkn]棰勬祴future ['fjutr] 鏈潵銆€pollute[p'lut] 姹℃煋environment [n'varnmnt] 鐜銆€planet ['pl忙nt] 琛屾槦earth[r胃] 銆€n.鍦扮悆锛涙偿鍦?plant [pl忙nt] 銆€绉嶆锛屾鐗?part [prt] 鍙傚姞锛岄儴鍒?play a park 鍙備笌锛堟煇浜嬶級銆€peace [pis]鍜屽钩sea [si] n. 娴凤紱娴锋磱锛涜澶氾紱澶ч噺sky[ska] 澶╃┖astronaut['忙strnt] 銆€瀹囪埅鍛?apartment['prtmnt] 鍏瘬鎴块棿rocket ['rkt] 鐏锛?space[spes] .绌洪棿锛涘お绌?space station 澶┖绔?human ['hjumn] 浜虹殑锛?n.浜猴紱浜虹被servant['srvnt] 浠嗕汉dangerous ['dendrs] 鍗遍櫓鐨?already[l'redi]宸茬粡factory['f忙ktri] 宸ュ巶over and over again 澶氭锛涘弽澶嶅湴believe [b'liv] 鐩镐俊disagree [ds'ri]涓嶅悓鎰?even['ivn] 鐢氳嚦锛涙剤鍔?hundreds of 璁稿锛涘ぇ閲忥紱鎴愮櫨涓婂崈shape [ep] 褰㈢姸fall [fl] 鍊掑锛涜穼鍊?fall dow n 绐佺劧鍊掍笅锛涜穼鍊掞紱鍊掑inside ['n'sad]n. 閲岄潰锛涘唴閮紱鍐呮儏锛涘唴鑴廰dj. 閲岄潰鐨勶紱鍐呴儴鐨勶紱绉樺瘑鐨刟dv. 鍦ㄩ噷闈rep. 灏戜簬锛涘湪鈥︿箣鍐?look for 瀵绘壘锛涘姹?possible ['psbl] 鍙兘鐨?impossible [m'psbl]adj. 涓嶅彲鑳界殑锛涗笉鍙兘瀛樺湪鐨勶紱闅句互蹇嶅彈鐨勶紱涓嶇湡瀹炵殑n. 涓嶅彲鑳斤紱涓嶅彲鑳界殑浜?side [sad]n. 鏂归潰锛涗晶闈紱鏃佽竟vi. 鏀寔锛涜禐鍔╋紱鍋忚adj. 鏃佺殑锛屼晶鐨剉t. 鍚屾剰锛屾敮鎸?probably ['prbbli] 澶ф锛涙垨璁革紱寰堝彲鑳?during ['dr] prep. 鍦ㄢ€︾殑鏃跺€欙紝鍦ㄢ€︾殑鏈熼棿holiday ['hlde] 鍋囨棩word銆€[wrd] 鍗曡瘝锛?Unit 8 How do you make a banana milk shake?shake [ek] vt. 鍔ㄦ憞锛涙憞鍔紱闇囧姩vi. 鍔ㄦ憞锛涙憞鍔紱鍙戞姈n. 鎽囧姩锛涘搯鍡?milk shake濂舵様锛堢墰濂跺拰鍐版穱娣嬬瓑鐨勬贩鍚堥ギ鏂欙級blender['blendr] 鎼呮媽鍣紱鏋滄眮鏈?turn on 鎺ラ€?姘淬€佺叅姘斻€佺數绛夊紑鍏?鎵撳紑peel [pil] vt.鍓ヨ惤锛涘墛鐨?pour [pr] pour[pr] 鍊掞紱鍊惧€?yogurt ['jort] 閰稿ザ锛?honey ['hni]铚傝湝watermelon ['wtrmeln]瑗跨摐spoon [spun] 鍕猴紝璋冪竟pot [pt] n. 澹讹紱鐩嗭紱缃恦t. 鎶娾€﹁缃愶紱灏勫嚮锛涜妭鐣i. 闅忔墜灏勫嚮add [忙d] 澧炲姞finally ['fanli] 鏈€鍚庯紝鏈€缁?salt[slt] 鐩?sugar['r] 绯?cheese[tiz] 骞查叒锛屽ザ閰?popcorn ['ppkrn] 鐖嗙背鑺?corn [krn] 鐜夌背锛岃胺鐗?machine[m'in] 鏈哄櫒dig [d] vt. 鎸栵紝鎺橈紱鎺㈢┒vi. 鎸栨帢n. 鎴筹紝鍒猴紱鎸栬嫤hole [hol] n. 娲烇紝瀛旓紱娲炵┐锛岀┐锛涚獊鐮村彛vi.绌垮瓟锛涳紙楂樺皵澶悆绛夛級杩涙礊vt. 鍑挎礊sandwich['s忙nwt] 涓夋槑娌?butter['btr] 銆€榛勬补锛屽ザ娌?turkey ['trki]鐏浮lettuce ['lets] 鑾磋嫞锛岀敓鑿?piece[pis] 浠讹紱绡囷紱鐗囷紱鍧楋紱Thanksgiving [,胃忙ks'v] n. 鎰熸仼鑺?traditional [tr'dnl] 浼犵粺鐨?autumn ['tm] n. 绉嬪ぉ锛涙垚鐔熸湡锛涙笎琛版湡锛屽噵钀芥湡adj. 绉嬪ぉ鐨勶紝绉嬪鐨?traveler ['tr忙vl] 鏃呰鑰?England['lnd] 鑻辨牸鍏帮紱鑻卞浗celebrate ['selbret] 搴嗙锛涘簡璐?mix [mks] vt. 閰嶅埗锛涙贩娣嗭紱浣挎贩鍜岋紱浣跨粨浜?vi. 鍙備笌锛涚浉娣峰悎锛涗氦寰€n. 娣峰悎锛涙贩鍚堢墿锛涙贩涔?pepper ['pepr] 鑳℃绮夛紱杈ffill [fl] vt. 瑁呮弧锛屼娇鍏呮弧锛涙弧瓒筹紱鍫靛锛涗换鑱?vi. 琚厖婊★紝鑶ㄨ儉n. 婊¤冻锛涘~婊$殑閲忥紱瑁呭~鐗?oven['vn] 鐑ょ锛涚儰鐐?plate [plet]鈥?n. 纰燂紱閲戝睘鏉匡紱閲戝睘鐗岋紱鎰熷厜搴曠墖鈥t. 鐢甸晙锛涚粰鈥﹁鐢?cover['kvr] 閬洊锛岀洊瀛愶紝gravy['revi] 鑲夋眮锛涜倝姹?serve[srv] 銆€鎺ュ緟锛屾湇鍔?temperature ['temprtr] 娓╁害锛屾皵鍊?Unit 9 Can you come to my party?prepare [pr'per]v.棰勫锛涘噯澶?prepare for 涓衡€︹€﹀噯澶?exam['z忙m] 鑰冭瘯flu [flu] n. 娴佹劅available['velbl] 鍙緱鍒扮殑锛涙湁绌虹殑锛?another time 鍏朵粬鏃堕棿锛屽埆鐨勬椂闂?until [n'tl]conj. 鍦ㄢ€︿互鍓嶏紱鐩村埌鈥︽椂prep. 鍦ㄢ€︿互鍓嶏紱鍒扳€︿负姝?hang [h忙] 鎮寕锛?浣?浣庡瀭hang out 甯稿幓鏌愬锛涙场鍦ㄦ煇澶?catch[k忙t] 璧朵笂锛涙姄浣忥紱鎹曟崏invite [n'vat] 閭€璇?accept[k'sept] 鎺ュ彈锛?refuse [r'fjuz] 鎷掔粷the day before yesterday 鍓嶅ぉthe day after tomorrow 鍚庡ぉweekday ['wikde] n. 骞虫棩锛屽伐浣滄棩look after 鐓ч【锛岀収鏂?invitation [nv'ten]銆€閭€璇凤紱閭€璇峰嚱turn down鍑忓皬锛屽叧灏忥紝璋冧綆reply [r'pla] 鍥炵瓟锛屽洖澶?forward['frwrd] 杞氦锛涘彂閫侊紝鍚戝墠鐨?delete [d'lit] 鍒犻櫎print [prnt] n. 鍗板埛涓氾紱鍗拌姳甯冿紱锛涘嵃绔狅紱鍗拌vt. 鍗板埛锛涙墦鍗帮紱鍒婅浇锛?vi. 鍗板埛锛?sad [s忙d] adj. 闅捐繃鐨勶紱鎮插搥鐨勶紝浠や汉鎮茬棝鐨勶紱鍑勬儴鐨勶紝闃撮儊鐨勶紙褰㈠棰滆壊锛?goodbye [gd'ba] int. 鍐嶈take a trip 鍘绘梾琛?glad [l忙d] adj. 楂樺叴鐨勶紱涔愭剰鐨勶紱浠や汉楂樺叴鐨勶紱鐏跨儌缇庝附鐨剉t. 浣块珮鍏?preparation [prep'ren]鍑嗗锛屽噯澶囧伐浣?glue [lu]vt. 绮樺悎锛涗技鑳惰埇鍥虹潃浜巒. 鑳讹紱鍚勭鑳跺悎鐗? without [w'胃at] prep. 娌℃湁锛涜秴杩囷紱鍦ㄢ€﹀闈?adv. 鎴峰锛涘湪澶栭潰锛涙病鏈夋垨涓嶆樉绀烘煇浜嬬墿n. 澶栭儴锛涘闈?surprised [s'prazd] adj. 鎰熷埌鎯婅鐨勶紝鍑轰汉鎰忔枡鐨?v. 浣挎儕濂囷紙surprise鐨勮繃鍘诲垎璇嶅舰寮忥級look forward to 鐩兼湜锛屾湡寰?hear from 鏀跺埌......鏉ヤ俊housewarming ['has,wrm] n. 涔旇縼搴嗗opening['opn]寮€骞曞紡锛岃惤鎴愬吀绀?concert ['knsrt] 闊充箰浼?headmaster[hed'm忙str] 鏍¢暱event['vent]澶т簨锛屽叕寮€娲诲姩guest[est] 瀹汉calendar['k忙lndr] 鏃ュ巻锛屾棩绋嬭〃daytime ['detam] n. 鏃ラ棿锛岀櫧澶?Unit10 If you go to the party,you 'll have a great time!meeting ['mit] n. 浼氳锛涗細瑙侊紱闆嗕細锛涙眹鍚堢偣v. 浼氶潰锛涗細鍚堬紙meet鐨刬ng褰㈠紡锛?video ['vdio] 褰曞儚锛屽綍鍍忓甫potato chips椹搩钖墖锛涙补鐐歌柉鐗?chocolate銆€['tklt]宸у厠鍔?upset[p'set]闅捐繃锛屽け鏈?taxi ['t忙ksi] vi. 涔樺嚭绉熻溅锛涙粦琛寁t. 浣挎粦琛岋紱鐢ㄥ嚭绉熻溅閫乶. 鍑虹姹借溅advice[d'vas]鍔濆憡锛屽缓璁?travel['tr忙vl] 鏃呰agent['ednt] 浠g悊浜猴紝缁忕邯浜?expert ['eksprt]涓撳锛岃兘鎵?keep鈥o oneself 淇濆畧绉樺瘑teenager ['tined] 闈掑皯骞?normal['nrml]姝e父鐨?unless[n'les] 闄ら潪锛屽鏋滀笉certainly ['srtnli] 褰撶劧锛岃偗瀹?wallet['wlt] 銆€鐨す锛岄挶鍖?mile [mal] n. 鑻遍噷锛涗竴鑻遍噷璧涜窇锛涜緝澶х殑璺濈angry ['忙ri] 鐢熸皵鐨勶紝鍙戞€掔殑understanding [ndr'st忙nd]鍠勮В浜烘剰鐨勶紝浣撹皡浜虹殑careless銆€['kerls] 绮楀績鐨勶紝涓嶅皬蹇冪殑mistake[m'stek] 閿欒锛屽け璇?himself [hm'slf] pron. 浠栬嚜宸憋紱浠栦翰鑷紝浠栨湰浜?careful['kerfl] 灏忓績鐨勶紝缁嗚嚧鐨?advise [d'vaz] v鍔濆憡锛屽缓璁?solve [slv] 瑙e喅锛涜В绛?step [stp] n. 姝ワ紝鑴氭锛涙楠わ紱姝ヤ紣锛涙绾i. 韪忥紝韪╋紱璧皏t. 璧帮紝杩堟trust[trst] 鐩镐俊锛屼俊浠?experience [k'sprins] 淇′换锛?缁忓巻in half 鍒嗘垚涓ゅ崐,涓€鍗?halfway [h忙f'we] 涓€旂殑adv.鍗婅矾鍦?else[els] 鍒殑锛屽叾浠栫殑。

人教版三年级上册语文《小摄影师》生字组词

人教版三年级上册语文《小摄影师》生字组词

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五年级语文下册近义词、反义词及词语积累汇总(人教版)

五年级语文下册近义词、反义词及词语积累汇总(人教版)

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2016八年级语文上册生字表2(鄂教版)

2016八年级语文上册生字表2(鄂教版)

2016八年级语文上册生字表2(鄂教版)2016ц2锛堥剛鏁欑増锛?鍗佷竴銆佷汉姘戣嫳闆勬案鍨備笉鏈?姘稿瀭涓嶆溄锛氾紙濮撳悕銆佷簨杩广€佺簿绁烇級姘歌繙娴佷紶锛屼笉纾ㄧ伃銆?鐬讳话锛坺h膩n?宸嶅敞(w膿i 茅)锛氬舰瀹瑰北鎴栧缓绛戠墿鐨勯珮澶с€?鐭楃珛(ch霉)锛氶珮鑰稿湴绔嬬潃銆?闀跺祵(xi膩ng qi脿n)锛氭妸涓€鐗╀綋宓屽叆鍙︿竴鐗╀綋鍐呫€?(x 矛n x矛n)?宄诲抄(j霉n qi脿o)锛氬舰瀹瑰北楂樿€岄櫋銆?濂犲熀(di脿n)?鎸烘嫈锛氱洿绔嬭€岄珮鑰搞€?涓板姛浼熺哗锛氫紵澶х殑鍔熺哗銆備赴锛屽ぇ銆?閿?xi膩n)锛氭帢鍦熸垨閾蹭笢瑗跨殑宸ュ叿銆?闀忛噾(li煤)锛氱敤閲戝瓙瑁呴グ鍣ㄧ墿鐨勪竴绉嶆柟娉曘€?涓婃函(s霉)锛氬師涔変负閫嗘按娴佸線涓婃???搴忓箷锛氭瘮鍠婚噸澶т簨浠剁殑寮?℃?閿€姣侊細鐔斿寲閿€闄わ紱姣佹帀锛岀儳鎺夈€?(su艒bi膩o)?椤跺ぉ绔嬪湴锛氬舰瀹硅嫳闆勬皵姒傛垨褰㈣薄楂樺ぇ銆?鎬掑舰浜庤壊锛氬唴蹇冪殑鎰ゆ€掑湪鑴镐笂鏄鹃湶鍑烘潵銆傝壊锛岃劯鑹层€?閫捐秺(y煤)锛氳法璺冿紝瓒呰秺銆?鍗佷簩?缁滅粠涓嶇粷锛坙u貌y矛锛夛細锛堜汉銆侀┈銆佽溅銆佽埞绛夛級?鍑濇粸(n铆ng zh矛)嶇伒娲汇€?鎬︾劧蹇冨姩(P膿ng)楀緢澶ф劅鍔ㄣ€?(h膩ng)汇€?娌?q矛n)锛氭笚鍏ワ紝娴告鼎銆??鍊?闃呭巻锛氱敱缁忓巻寰楁潵鐨勭煡璇嗐€??寮ユ繁(m铆)锛氭洿鍔犳繁鍒汇€??鍓ヨ殌(b艒)锛氱墿璐ㄨ〃闈㈠洜椋庡寲鑰屾崯鍧忋€?鍋屽ぇ(ru貌)锛氳繖涔堝ぇ锛涢偅涔堝ぇ銆?(m铆ng)銆?閫惰郡(w膿i y铆)?缂旈€?d矛)紵澶х殑浜嬩笟锛夈€?у銆?婢庢箖锛坧茅ng p脿i嚮锛屽0鍔挎旦澶э紝姘斿娍闆勪紵銆?鐙傛緶(l谩n)锛氬法澶х殑娉㈡氮銆?灞锛夈€?归粍娌崇殑宸ㄥぇ姘斿娍銆傛郴锛氭按鐢变笂鍒颁笅銆?娴╂旦鑽¤崱锛氬舰瀹?宸?di膩n)锛氬北椤躲€?鍝鸿偛(b菙)锛氬杺鍏汇€?繛鐫€濂旀祦銆?娴婃祦(zhu贸)锛氭祽娴婄殑姘存祦銆?婊嬮暱锛坺墨锛夛細鐢熼暱锛涗骇鐢燂紙澶氱敤浜庢娊璞′簨鐗╋級銆??涓句笘鐬╃洰(zh菙)锛氬叏涓栫晫閮藉叧娉ㄧ殑銆??鑲冪﹩(s霉m霉)锛氫弗鑲冦€佸畨闈欍€佸拰鐫︺€?娌ф(c膩ng s膩ng)锛氣€滄钵娴?樸€?鐩涗簨锛氱洓澶х殑浜嬫儏銆?鍗佷簲銆佷竷鏍圭伀鏌?鍚濇儨(l矛n)鐖辨儨锛岃垗涓嶅緱鎷垮嚭锛堣嚜宸辩殑涓滆タ鎴栧姏閲忥級銆?韫掕窔(p谩n sh膩n):鑵胯剼涓嶇伒渚匡紝璧拌矾缂撴參銆佹憞鎽嗙殑鏍峰瓙銆?缈曞姩(x墨)锛氾紙鍢村攪绛夛級涓€寮犱竴鍚堝湴鍔ㄣ€?鎯舵儜(hu谩ng hu貌)锛氬洜涓轰簡??鍊炬郴锛氾紙澶ч?搴嗗垢锛氫负浜嬫儏?涓€寮犱竴缈?x墨):涓€寮€涓€鍚堛€?瀵掗ⅳ(zh脿n):鍥犲彈鍐锋垨鍙楁儕鑰岃韩浣撳彂鎶栥€?鎶栨姈绱㈢储(su菕)锛氬洜瀵掑喎锛堟垨鎭愭儳锛夎€屽彂鎶栫殑鏍峰瓙銆?绡濈伀锛坓艒u锛屾灦鏈ㄦ煷鐑х?鍋庡€?w膿i y墨)ㄧ潃銆?婀挎級婕?l霉)锛氬舰瀹圭墿浣撴疆婀跨殑鏍峰瓙銆?鎿?q铆ng)锛氬線涓婃墭锛屼妇銆?鍗佸叚銆佹垜鐨勨€滈暱鐢熸灉鈥?娴佸厜婧㈠僵锛坹矛锛夛細娴佸厜锛屾寚鏈堝厜銆傝繖閲屾寚鏈堜寒鏁e彂鍑虹編涓界殑鍏夊僵銆?缇炶掸(xi奴n菐n)锛氬洜瀹宠噴鑰岃劯绾㈢殑鏍峰瓙銆?(h煤l煤n):姣у?(c 谩i)岀嫭鍒涗竴鏍硷紝涓庝紬涓嶅悓銆?棣堣禒锛坘u矛z猫ng锛夛細璧犻€併€?鍐楃箒(r菕ng f谩n)锛氱箒鐞愩€?彛鎵€鍦ㄣ€傚湪鏂囦腑姣斿柣鍊熼槄锛堢悊璁鸿憲浣滐級銆?鎯冲叆闈為潪锛氭€濇兂杩涘叆铏氬够澧冪晫銆?闀跨敓鏋滐細鏂硅█锛屽嵆钀借姳鐢燂紝鍚冪殑鑺辩敓銆?蹇冩墘(f膿i)锛氬績鐨勯棬锛屾寚鍐呭績銆佹€濇兂銆?(脿n)锛氬績閲屽緢涓嶈垝鏈嶏紝鎯呯华浣庤惤鐨勬牱瀛愩€?瑙嗗惉锛氱湅鍜屽惉锛涚湅鍒扮殑鍜屽惉鍒扮殑銆?涓€闃?qu猫)锛氫竴棣栨垨涓€娈点€傞槙锛屽師涔変负缁堜簡锛屾垨浣滈噺璇嶏紝姝屾洸鎴栬瘝鐨勪竴棣栨垨涓€娈靛彨涓€闃曘€?缇庡樊锛氭硾鎸囧ソ銆?(菕u l矛)锛氬舰瀹圭粸灏借剳姹侊紝鐢ㄥ敖浜嗗績琛€銆?鐗佃偁鎸傝倸锛氬舰瀹瑰緢涓嶆斁蹇冿紝闈炲父鎯?灞″薄(l菤)锛氬薄娆★紝涓€娆″張涓€娆°€?濂夊憡锛氭暚杈烇紝涓嶇瓟澶嶃€?涓嶈█鑰屽柣锛氫笉鐢ㄨВ璇达紝涔熻兘鐞嗚В銆傚柣锛屾槑鐧斤紝鐞嗚В銆?鎶ュ伩锛氭姤绛斿拰琛ュ伩銆?閰垫瘝锛氭湰鏂囧舰瀹规枃濡傛硥娑屻€?璧炶獕锛氳禐缇庣О瑾夈€?椹虫潅锛氭贩鏉備笉涓€銆?鍊熼壌锛氳э?骞翠簨с€?鍔涗笉浠庡績锛氬姏閲忎笉鑳介『浠庡績鎬濄€傚鍗佷竷銆佹€€鐤戜笌瀛﹂棶?杈ㄤ吉鍘诲鐩哥殑锛岃窡鈥滅湡鈥濈浉瀵广€傝繖閲屾寚杈ㄥ埆鐪熶吉锛屽幓鎺夎櫄濡勭殑銆?澧ㄥ畧锛氭垬鍥芥椂鏈熷ⅷ缈熷杽浜庡畧鍩庯紝浜虹О鍠勫畧涓衡€滃ⅷ溾€滃ⅷ瀹堟垚瑙勨€濄€?澶уу笀銆傝繖閲屾寚瀛?氨绔欎笉浣忚剼浜嗐€?浠庛€?涓嶆墦鎶樻墸锛氭湰鏂囦腑鎸囩櫨鍒嗙櫨鍦板畬鍏ㄥ湴鍘诲仛銆?鍋滄粸(zh矛)锛氬洜鍙楅樆鑰屼笉缁х画鍓嶈繘銆?濉惧笀(sh煤)锛氭棫鏃跺湪绉佸ф€銆????鑸掑潶锛氳垝鏈嶃€?鑾茶摤锛坧茅ng锛??铔熼緳(ji膩o)锛氫紶璇翠腑鑳藉叴浜戦洦銆佸彂娲?闀?xi膩ng)锛氭妸涓滆タ宓岃繘鍘绘垨鍦ㄧ墿浣撶殑澶栧洿鍔犺竟銆??鑳搁硩(q铆) 绌洪殭锛氫腑闂寸┖鐫€鐨勫湴鏂广€?涓嶅Θ(f谩ng)锛氳〃绀哄彲浠ヨ繖鏍峰仛锛屾病鏈変粈涔堝Θ纰嶃€?瀵嗗瘑涓涗笡锛氬舰瀹硅崏鏈ㄥ瘑闆嗐€佽寕鐩涚殑鏍峰瓙銆?涓嶇害鑰屽屻€??鍗撹憲锛坺hu贸锛夛細绐佸嚭鑰屾樉钁椼€傛湰鏂囦腑鎸囨湁寰堥珮鐨勫0鏈涘悕瑾夈€?涓€绛硅帿灞?ch贸u)锛氫竴鐐瑰姙娉曞嚭鎯充笉鍑烘潵銆??椤哄?淇ㄧ劧(y菐n)锛氭湰鏂囦腑鎸囧緢鍍忋€?澹拌獕(y霉)锛氬0鏈涘悕瑾夈€?韪忚笍瀹炲疄锛氬舰瀹?鐒欑儳(b猫i)?鐗¤泿(m菙l矛)锛氳蒋浣撳姩鐗╋紝鑲夊彲椋熺敤鍙堝彲鎻愬埗铓?h谩o)娌广€?鐏垫€э細鏅烘収锛涜仾鏄庢墠鏅恒€?浜屽崄銆佹噿鎯扮殑鏅烘収n d菐o j菙锛夛細閬靛畧瑙勭煩锛屼篃鎸囧ⅷ瀹堟垚瑙勶紝涓嶇煡鍙橀€氥€?鐤叉儷涓嶅牚(k膩n)锛氬舰瀹规瀬鍏剁柌涔忋€??鎹峰緞(ji茅j矛ng)?鎳掓儼锛氫笉鍕?鏅烘収锛氬垎鏋愬垽鏂В鍐抽棶棰樼殑鑳藉姏銆?灏忓績缈肩考锛氬舰瀹瑰皬?婵€鍔憋細婵€鍙戦紦鍔便€??ф鍑舵伓銆?鎽?lu貌)?姘存车(b猫ng)?闃€闂?f 谩)О娲婚棬銆?铻烘爴(shu膩n)?绉拌亴(ch猫n)锛氭€濇兂姘村钩鍜屽伐浣滆兘鍔涢兘鑳借儨浠绘墍鎷呬换鐨勮亴鍔°€??鍛垫姢锛坔膿锛夛細鐖辨姢锛屼繚鎶ゃ€?婊嬪吇(z墨)锛氫緵缁欏吇鍒嗭紝鍏绘枡銆?鐩戞姢锛氫粩???(s脿ng)锛氱伆蹇冨け鏈涖€?(sh膩n)銆?鍡峰椃(谩o)锛氳薄澹拌瘝锛屽搥鍙峰0銆?紙鏌愪簨锛夛紱鑾风煡銆?婵掑嵄(b墨n)锛氭帴杩戝嵄闄╃殑澧冨湴锛涚梾閲嶅皢姝汇€??浣擄紙鍗曚綅銆佸叕鍙革級銆?瀛卞急(ch谩n)锛氳蒋寮憋紝娌℃湁鍔涙皵銆?鍊熼壌(ji脿n)э紝浠ヤ究鍙栭暱琛ョ煭鎴栧惛鍙栨?绛涢€?sh膩i)锛氭湰鎸囬€氳繃娣樻卑鐨勬柟娉曟寫閫夈€?鍜岃皭锛氶厤鍚堝緱閫傚綋鍜屽寑绉般€?鑴愬甫(q铆) 浜嬪疁(y铆)锛氬叧浜庝簨鎯呯?绻佹畺(zh铆)锛氫骇鐢熸柊鐨勪釜浣擄紝浠ヤ紶浠c€?(y膩o)锛氭湭鎴愬勾姝诲幓銆?鍣╄€?猫h脿o)?愮殑銆?鎯溿€?鍖犲績锛氬阀濡欑殑蹇冩€濄€??涓嶆不锛氬尰娌讳笉濂姐€??鏈烘晱锛氭満璀︾伒鏁忋€?浼朵繍(l铆ng l矛)锛氳仾鏄庛€佺伒娲汇€?閫嗚浆(n矛)?鍑濆浐锛氭湰鎸囨恫浣撳彉鎴愬浐浣擄紝鍠绘寚鍥哄畾涓嶅彉锛屽仠婊炪€?鐪嬫姢(k膩n)锛氱収鐪嬫姢鐞嗐€?楗插吇(s矛)?(ch茅n)锛氭儏鎰忕儹鐑堣瘹鎸氥€?。

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热化.技术变革的日新月异与世界范围内的迅速扩散使企 业进入新的市场领域更为容易,一种新的产品、新的技术一 旦问世,很快便会在世界上最适宜的地方进行高质量低成 本的生产。激烈的竞争将迫使企业为不断地细分市场,不 断地追寻、理解和满足顾客的需求.不断地以“新”和“特”去 赢得市场。激烈的竞争也导致企业与其价值链上的供应商 和顾客的合作不断扩大,企业与顾客,正在表现为更多的互 惠互利。合作竞争将成为企业的新的价值取向和企业经营 战略的新的核心。通过合作企业间的信息共享,实现风险 共担、利益共沾。 2.4企业管理创新应注重四个结合 企业管理创新是一项创造性、开拓性、科学性很强的系 统工程,在实际工作中不能随心所欲,不能把鲁莽行事作为 开拓创新,而应注重搞好“四个结合”.(1)管理创新与坚持 市场化相结合.企业管理就是把企业内部的人、财物、科技 等生产要素科学地有机结合起来,形成一个实体的生产能 力。在市场经济条件下,企业面向市场,生产和销售也依赖 市场,因此,必须把管理创新与坚持市场化紧密结合.让企 业的一切行为自觉服从市场.按照市场机制的规律去有效 地配置资源。特别是生产与营销要紧密地联系起来,市场 需求什么,就生产什么,千方百计地满足顾客的要求。搞好 管理创新,就必须紧密围绕市场,去探索和实施新的管理体 制和方法.(2)管理创新与坚持企业决策的民主化相结合。 创新的过程是一个发扬民主.集恩广益,的过程,坚决反对霸 道主义,家长作风。在新形势下,科技的迅猛发展.使社会 分工愈来愈细,作为一个企业的领导者其知识、经验、技能
中图分类号:F270.7
文献标识码:A
文章编号:1672—3198(2009)04—0040一01

知识经济环境下企业管理的变化
知识经济时代经济的增长不再过分依赖于经济资源,
2企业管理创新的内容
2.1
1.1知识经济对企业管理观念的挑战 而更加取决于知识资源。知识资源具有复制性、反复消费 性及在使用中不会引起边际报酬递减兰个特征。这些特征 以及知识资源对经济增长所起的巨大作用将对企业管理提 出新的课题。在传统管理中,基本上是人异化为物的管理, 对活生生的人是一种压力,人的主动性遭到压制。而在知 识经济环境下,企业对工作时间和地点的要求可能不再那 么统一,工作中的弹性加大,如有的公司实行按个人方便的 时间上下班制,一些知识性企业上下班的时间、地点和工作 的界限越来越不像过去那么清晰,在美国甚至出现了一大 批SOHO族.他们可以灵活地安排自己工作的方式与时间。 管理者必须营造一种使企业员工自愿地交流与共享知识. 开发与利用企业的知识资源去创造新的环境。 1.2企业生产方式的崭新变化 企业不再把传统工业经济时代沿袭下来的速度、数量、 产值作为追求的目标,不再只注重以往的流水线、节拍等严 密的分工组织形式和工艺流程,而是重视人的主观能动性、 独立性、创造性.虚拟企业、网上经营等新的组织及管理模 式正在冲击着传统的企业生产管理方式。知识和信息在生 产中的应用产生了许多诸如计算机辅助设计、计算机辅助 制造系统等一系列发展方向。例如,“计算机集成制造系 统”是当今世界制造业关注的焦点,并将成为2l世纪最主 要的生产模式。这一生产模式主要由工程设计、产品加工 和生产管理等组成,各自动化子系统集成工作的支持系统, 由数据库和计算机网络实行大系统的信息集成和功能集 成。 1.3经营方式的转变 知识经济时代孕育而生的电子商务,以迅猛的发展态 势形成新的交换体制,构架新的市场规则。基于互联网技 术的电子商务经营方式,使供求关系变为动态的互动关系: 顾客可以在全世界的任何地方、任何时间将自己的特殊要 求利用互联网迅速地通知给供给商;而企业也可以随时随 地地通过互联网了解和跟踪顾客的市场反馈。此时,顾客 不再仅仅是对象或目标,而是参与者和控制者,成为企业的
中图分类号:G271 文献标识码:A
文章编号:1672—3198(2009)04—0041—02

企业档案管理体制的初步形成时期
在1949~1953年国民经济恢复任务完成后.我国进入
技术档案资料管理体制的文件,根据这些文件和企业技术 档案资料管理的实际情况,可以看出这一时期企业档案管 理体制的初步形成过程。 (1)企业技术档案资料工作的内部管理体制问题:1954 年原中央人民政府政务院颁布了《关于国外技术资料图纸 的申请和管理暂行办法》,1955年又作了补充规定。其中指 出“中央各委、部、局所属各公司、厂、矿的技术档案资料管 理机构,应南各该部门行政首长直接领导”.
3结语
在知识经济时代,创新是核心,没有创新,企业也就失 去了核心竞争力。必须不断创新企业管理理念,强化企业 管理方面的意识,为企业不断提高自身的国际竞争力提供 理论指导,使企业在激烈的市场竞争中能够立于不败之地。 参考文献
[13杨梅英.知识经井与管理创新[M].北京:经济管理出版社,1999. [23(英)哈里淼.用金泉译.知识经济时代人力青源开发[M].北京。 经济管理出版社。2004. [33王海红.网络化环境下企业管理创新的方向[J].企业活力.2005.
及思维能力等毕竟有限,这就对企业管理创新工作提出了 一个客观要求,即企业的每一项新决策。都必须走群众路 线,发扬民主精神,在充分酝酿、集思广益的基础上形成,以 保证决策的科学件和可行件。(3)管理创新与建立员工风险 利益机制相结合。管理创新的目的就是要通过管理机制、 方法和手段调动员工的积极性、主动性和创造性,形成企业 的凝聚力,提高企业的生产力以最大限度地实现企业的效 益。(4)管理创新与企业特色相结合。创新就体现个性,体 现自己的特色。因此.企业管理创新必须从本企业的实际 出发,因地制宜,因时制定,因事制宜,形成自己的特色,切 忌人云亦云,盲目跟风,不加消化地盲目全盘地引进西方管 理模式,那种盲目照抄照搬的做法无不以失败告终的。企 业只有通过管理创新,才能在新世纪的复杂舞台上参与竞 争持续发展。
合作者。
以知识和人才为核心
进入知识经济时代以后,企业也就成了“知识型”企业, 与其相适应的管理是必须解决好对知识资源的管理.知识 资源不像物质资源那样越用越少,相反。而是越用越多。因 此,如何选用,积累、更新、创新企业所需要的知识,具体讲 就是知识生产者,人才的管理,是必须解决的管理创新的一 个课题。纵观当今世界有实力的企业,无一不是靠一大批 高素质的优秀管理人才、一整套科学严密的组织管理及现 代化的管理技术手段来创造经济效益的。凼此,企业可以 根据知识经济竞争化要求,突出“人才激励管理”,从而把开 发人才放到企业生存至关重要的位置。首先,在企业管理 层中普遍设立了“知识主管”或“智力资本主管”职位,以快 速收集和处理、保存大量知识,加强人才的管理与使用。其 次,实施人才开发计划,其中包括“终身教育”、人才破格提 拔任用制度等。最后,改进分配和鼓励制度,以更加倾向于 人才效益的发展。 2.2管理者角色的转变 在传统管理模式中,管理者即“统治者”.他不需要倾 听,要做的就是发号施令,监视并控制下属。在知识经济 中,管理者必须改变原来的角色,而扮演新的角色。正如美 国通用电气公司董事长杰克・韦尔奇在改革公司等级制时 所说:“过去。许多总部管理人员的职能是依靠控制来发挥 作用。而不是借助增加价值。他们的工作内容必须重新定 义,他们必须把自己的角色看成是教师和解放者的混合体, 而非控制者”。事实上在知识经济时代管理者的真实角色 应该是服务者。管理者作为服务者主要应该提供以下服 务:(1)战略导向服务;(2)信息沟通传播服务;(3)业务参谋 服务;(4)学习指导服务;(5)新知识培训服务等. 2.3建立新型的市场观 从市场环境来看,一方面,企业的顾客或消费者由于知 识素质的提高、收入水平的增加以及选择范围的扩大,其主 要消费将越来越多的转向知识密度较高的产品或服务,而 且顾客要求越来越多,期望也越来越高。顾客需要的是产 品、服务、信息的一体化。因此,在知识经济时代,新的企业 间的竞争必然围绕产品、服务和信息一体化展开。另一方 面,市场竞争在全球经济一体化的大趋势下将更加激烈和白
了第一个五年计划、大发展及国民经济调整时期。随着国 民经济恢复任务的完成,党中央提出了把工作中心转移到 有计划的大规模的经济建设和技术革命上来。这期间形成 了大量的科技档案资料需要收集、整理及提供利用,因此就 提出了建立企业技术档案管理体制问题。自1954~1965 年国务院或国家档案局发布了一系列有关建立与加强企业
一40—
万方数据
现代商贸工业
No.4.2009
Modern Business Trade Industry
2009年第4期
企业档案微观管理体制的管理学思考
牛记英
(河南风神轮胎股份有限公司,河南焦作454150)
摘要:在市场经济条件下,企业对档案信息的需求,决定了企业档案工作在企业管理中的特殊作用。档案工作不再 像计划经济时代那样按固定不变的体制进行管理,而越须与企业目标相一致,与企业发展相适应。如何建立、健全与之相 适应的国有企业档案管理体静),并在企业发展进程中不断完善自我,也是值得我们进一步深入研究的。为建立适应我国国 情、适应社会主义市场经济体制、适应档案事业长远发展需要的新的企业档案管理体制.进行了初步探讨。 关键词:企业档案;体制改革;现代企业制度
(5).

No.4,2009
Modern Business Trade Industry
2009年第4期
论知识经济环境中企业管理的突破与创新
蔡斌斌
(福建师范大学协和学院管理系,福建福州350108) 摘要:现今是一个竞争激烈的知识经济时代,带来了管理科学和实践的剧烈变革,使得企业面对的市场环境发生了 根本性的变更企业必须顺应经济的发展趋势,对管理观念、生产经营方式进行调整,建立起以知识和人才为核心的市场观 关键词:知识经济;企业管理;创新
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