2012年普通高等学校夏季招生考试英语湖南卷
湖南卷__英语__精品解析：2022年新高考全国一卷英语真题(原卷版)
2022年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语本试卷共10页，满分120分。
考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：1. 答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号和座位号填写在答题卡上。
用2B铅笔将试卷类型(A)填涂在答题卡相应位置上。
将条形码横贴在答题卡右上角“条形码粘贴处”。
因笔试不考听力，选择题从第二部分的“阅读”开始，试题序号从“21”开始。
2. 作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑;如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。
3. 非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上;如高改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案;不准使用铅笔和涂改液，不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
4. 考生必须保持答题卡的整洁：考试结束后，将试卷和符题卡一并交回。
第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
AGrading Policies for Introduction to LiteratureGrading Scale90-100, A; 80-89, B; 70-79, C; 60-69, D; Below 60, E.Essays (60%)Your four major essays will combine to form the main part of the grade for this course: Essay 1 = 10%; Essay 2 = 15%; Essay 3 = 15%; Essay 4 = 20%.Group Assignments (30%)Students will work in groups to complete four assignments (作业) during the course. All the assignments will be submitted by the assigned date through Blackboard, our online learning and course management system.Daily Work/In-Class Writings and Tests/Group Work/Homework (10%)Class activities will vary from day to day, but students must be ready to complete short in-class writings or tests drawn directly from assigned readings or notes from the previous class' lecture/discussion, so it is important to take careful notes during class. Additionally, from time to time I will assign group work to be completed in class or short assignments to be completed at home, both of which will be graded.Late WorkAn essay not submitted in class on the due date will lose a letter grade for each class period it is late. If it is notturned in by the 4th day after the due date, it will earn a zero. Daily assignments not completed during class will geta zero. Short writings missed as a result of an excused absence will be accepted.1. Where is this text probably taken from?A. A textbook.B. An exam paper.C. A course plan.D. An academic article.2. How many parts is a student’s final grade made up of?A. Two.B. Three.C. Four.D. Five.3. What will happen if you submit an essay one week after the due date?A. You will receive a zero.B. You will lose a letter grade.C. You will be given a test.D. You will have to rewrite it.BLike most of us, I try to be mindful of food that goes to waste. The arugula (芝麻菜)was to make a nice green salad, rounding out a roast chicken dinner. But I ended up working late. Then friends called with a dinner invitation. I stuck the chicken in the freezer. But as days passed, the arugula went bad. Even worse, I had unthinkingly bought way too much; I could have made six salads with what I threw out.In a world where nearly 800 million people a year go hungry, “food waste goes against the moral grain,” as Elizabeth Royte writes in this month’s cover story. It’s jaw-dropping how much perfectly good food is thrown away — from “ugly” (but quite eatable) vegetables rejected by grocers to large amounts of uneaten dishes thrown into restaurant garbage cans.Producing food that no one eats wastes the water, fuel, and other resources used to grow it. That makes food waste an environmental problem. In fact, Royte writes, “if food waste were a country, it would be the third largest producer of greenhouse gases in the world.”If that’s hard to understand, let’s keep it as simple as the arugula at the back of my refrigerator. Mike Curtin sees my arugula story all the time — but for him, it's more like 12 bones of donated strawberries nearing their last days. Curtin is CEO of DC Central Kitchen in Washington, D.C., which recovers food and turns it into healthy meals. Last year it recovered more than 807,500 pounds of food by taking donations and collecting blemished (有瑕疵的) produce that otherwise would have rotted in fields. And the strawberries? Volunteers will wash, cut, and freeze or dry them for use in meals down the road.Such methods seem obvious, yet so often we just don’t think. “Everyone can play a part in reducing waste, whether by not purchasing more food than necessary in your weekly shopping or by asking restaurants to not include the side dish you won’t eat,” Curtin says.4. What does the author want to show by telling the arugula story?A. We pay little attention to food waste.B. We waste food unintentionally at times.C. We waste more vegetables than meat.D. We have good reasons for wasting food.5. What is a consequence of food waste according to the test?A. Moral decline.B. Environmental harm.C. Energy shortage.D. Worldwide starvation.6. What does Curtin’s company do?A. It produces kitchen equipment.B. It turns rotten arugula into clean fuel.C. It helps local farmers grow fruits.D. It makes meals out of unwanted food.7. What does Curtin suggest people do?A. Buy only what is needed.B. Reduce food consumption.C. Go shopping once a week.D. Eat in restaurants less often.CThe elderly residents (居民) in care homes in London are being given hens to look after to stop them feeling lonely.The project was dreamed up by a local charity (慈善组织) to reduce loneliness and improve elderly people’s wellbeing, It is also being used to help patients suffering dementia, a serious illness of the mind. Staff in care homes have reported a reduction in the use of medicine where hens are in use.Among those taking part in the project is 80-year-old Ruth Xavier. She said: “I used to keep hens when I was younger and had to prepare their breakfast each morning before I went to school. ”“I like the project a lot. I am down there in my wheelchair in the morning letting the hens out and down there again at night to see they’ve gone to bed.”“It’s good to have a different focus. People have been bringing their children in to see the hens and residents come and sit outside to watch them. I’m enjoying the creative activities, and it feels great to have done something useful.”There are now 700 elderly people looking after hens in 20 care homes in the North East, and the charity has been given financial support to roll it out countrywide.Wendy Wilson, extra care manager at 60 Penfold Street, one of the first to embark on the project, said: “Residents really welcome the idea of the project and the creative sessions. We are looking forward to the benefits and fun the project can bring to people here.”Lynn Lewis, director of Notting Hill Pathways, said: “We are happy to be taking part in the project. It will really help connect our residents through a shared interest and creative activities.”8. What is the purpose of the project?A. To ensure harmony in care homes.B. To provide part-time jobs for the aged.C. To raise money for medical research.D. To promote the elderly people’s welfare.9. How has the project affected Ruth Xavier?A. She has learned new life skills.B. She has gained a sense of achievement.C. She has recovered her memory.D. She has developed a strong personality.10. What do the underlined words “embark on” mean in paragraph 7?A. Improve.B. Oppose.C. Begin.D. Evaluate.11. What can we learn about the project from the last two paragraphs?A. It is well received.B. It needs to be more creative.C. It is highly profitable.D. It takes ages to see the results.DHuman speech contains more than 2,000 different sounds, from the common “m” and “a” to the rare clicks of some southern African languages. But why are certain sounds more common than others? A ground-breaking, five-year study shows that diet-related changes in human bite led to new speech sounds that are now found in half the world’s languages.More than 30 years ago, the scholar Charles Hockett noted that speech sounds called labiodentals, such as “f” and “v”, were more common in the languages of societies that ate softer foods. Now a team of researchers led by Damián Blasi at the University of Zurich, Switzerland, has found how and why this trend arose.They discovered that the upper and lower front teeth of ancient human adults were aligned (对齐), making it hard to produce labiodentals, which are formed by touching the lower lip to the upper teeth. Later, our jaws changed to an overbite structure (结构), making it easier to produce such sounds.The team showed that this change in bite was connected with the development of agriculture in the Neolithic period. Food became easier to chew at this point. The jawbone didn’t have to do as much work and so didn’t grow to be so large.Analyses of a language database also confirmed that there was a global change in the sound of world languages after the Neolithic age, with the use of “f” and “v” increasing remarkably during the last few thousand years. These sounds are still not found in the languages of many hunter-gatherer people today.This research overturns the popular view that all human speech sounds were present when human beings evolved around 300,000 years ago. ”The set of speech sounds we use has not necessarily remained stable since the appearance of human beings, but rather the huge variety of speech sounds that we find today is the product of acomplex interplay of things like biological change and cultural evolution,“ said Steven Moran, a member of the research team.12. Which aspect of the human speech sound does Damián Blasi’s research focus on?A. Its variety.B. Its distribution.C. Its quantity.D. Its development.13. Why was it difficult for ancient human adults to produce labiodentals?A. They had fewer upper teeth than lower teeth.B. They could not open and close their lips easily.C. Their jaws were not conveniently structured.D. Their lower front teeth were not large enough.14. What is paragraph 5 mainly about?A. Supporting evidence for the research results.B. Potential application of the research findings.C. A further explanation of the research methods.D. A reasonable doubt about the research process.15. What does Steven Moran say about the set of human speech sounds?A. It is key to effective communication.B. It contributes much to cultural diversity.C. It is a complex and dynamic system.D. It drives the evolution of human beings.第二节(共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
模拟预测卷 08：湖南省高二英语学业水平合格性考试(解析版)
模拟预测卷08湖南省高二学业水平合格性考试英语（答案在最后）本试卷共41小题，满分100分。
考试用时90分钟。
注意事项:1.答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号和座位号填写在答题卡上。
用2B笔将试卷类型(B)填涂在答题卡相应位置上。
将条形码横贴在答题卡右上角“条形码粘贴处”。
2.选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑:如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。
答案不能答在试卷上。
3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上:如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案:不准使用铅笔和涂改液。
不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。
考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分阅读技能（共两节，满分45分）第一节阅读理解（共12小题；每小题3分，满分36分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D项中选出最佳选项。
，并在答题卡上将选项涂黑ANick:I always wake up in the morning but end up turning off my alarm clock and sleeping for another30minutes.That makes me late for school!Mr.Smith:It's normal for us to be slow to wake up.Start by moving your alarm clock away from your bed,so you have to get up to turn it off.Also,you have got to make sure you're getting enough sleep.What's more,try drinking some water the moment you open your eyes in the morning.Judy:This year,I got the teacher I didn't want at school.Even worse,my best friend is in a different class!Mr.Smith:Succeed with a teacher by knowing what actions are most important to that teacher(such as raising your hand)and then doing them.That might not sound fun,but it's a good skill.As for your friend,make plans to see her at break or outside of school.Your friendship can still be strong.Jimmy:I always race to finish tests,but sometimes that makes me miss some questions.Mr.Smith:It's wise to realize that racing to finish tests isn't actually winning you anything. To change your ways,you can make yourself slow down and avoid making mistakes.You can also take time to carefully check over each question on a test before you hand it in.Sandy:Sisters Day is a tradition my sister and I started,with cards and everything.But nowshe's older and says Sisters Day is boring.Mr.Smith:How about simply updating your tradition?Pick a moment and say,“I know Sisters Day is boring to you,but it means a lot to me.Can we find a way to make it more fun?”Then come up with a new tradition that you'll both enjoy.1.How many pieces of advice does Nick get?A.One.B.Two.C.Three.D.Four.2.From the material,we know Jimmy often_______.A.fails in testsB.goes too fast in testsC.can’t finish tests on timeD.makes many mistakes in tests3.Who has back-to-school problems?A.Judy.B.Nick.C.Jimmy.D.Sandy.4.The material is probably from a_______.A.noticeB.diaryC.dictionaryD.magazine参考答案：几位学生遇到了一些问题，史密斯先生一一给予了解答。
2013年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(湖南卷)英语
2013年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(湖南卷)英语PartⅠListening Comprehen s ion (30 marks)Section A(22.5 marks)Directions: In this se c tion, y o u will hear six conversations between two speakers. For each conversation, there are several questions and each question is followed by three choices marked A, B and C. Listen carefully and then choose the best answer for each question.You will hear each conversation TWICE.Conversation 11. Where is the man going?A. Kennedy.B. London.C. New York.2. When should the man arrive at the airport?A. By 8:15.B. By 9:00.C. By 9:25.Conversation 23. What is the woman doing?A. Taking a taxi.B. Doing shopping.C. Waiting for the man.4. Where are the two speakers going to meet?A. At home.B. In a shop.C. In a restaurant. Conversation 35. What is the woman looking for?A. A pan.B. Carrots.C. Tomatoes.6. What will the speakers probably have tonight?A. French fries.B. Noodles.C. Fried chicken. Conversation 47. What will the project focus on?A. A dog.B. A fish.C. A cat.8. What can we know about John?A. He has conducted the survey.B. He is making cards now.C. He will do the introduction.9. Who can handle the summarizing?A. Carol.B. Tom.C. Mary.Conversation 510. What can we know about the woman‟s vacation?A. She will stay on the beaches.B. She will go camping in the jungle.C. She will spend 3 weeks in South Africa.11. Which does the woman need to bring?A. A map.B. A tent.C. Some clothes.12. Who will prepare the meals?A. The man.B. The guide.C. The woman.Conversation 613. What are the two speakers doing?A. Discussing a lecture.B. Visiting a museum.C. Attending a party.14. Which job has Jane applied for?A. Salesgirl.B. Waitress.C. V olunteer.15. What is the probable relationship between the two speakers?A. Teacher and student.B. Father and daughter.C. Classmates.Section B (7.5 marks)Directions: In this section, you will hear a short passage. Listen carefully and then fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Fill in each blank with NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS.You will hear the short passage TWICE.How to Speak English 16. ___________I. Speak oftenThe more often you speak, the 17. ___________ it becomesII. Relax & 18. ___________ the message● Don‟t focus on the grammar rules only.● Talk about something 19. ___________.III. Practise what you want to saySpeak to 20. ___________ a few times.Part II Language Knowledge (45 marks)Section A(15 marks)Directions: For each of the following unfinished sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence.21. Happiness and success often come to those ________ are good at recognizing their own strengths.A. whomB. whoC. whatD. which22. “What do you want to be?” asked Mrs. Crawford. “Oh, I ________ president,” said the boy, with asmile.A. have beenB. amC. wasD. will be23. You must learn to consult your feelings and your reason ________ you reach any decision.A. althoughB. beforeC. becauseD. unless24. Around two o‟clock every night, Sue will start talking in her dream. It somewhat ________ us.A. bothersB. had botheredC. would botherD. bothered25. The sun began to rise in the sky, ________ the mountain in golden light.A. bathedB. bathingC. to have bathedD. have bathed26. If nothing ________, the oceans will turn into fish deserts.A. doesB. had been doneC. will doD. is done27. — Have you heard about the recent election?— Sure, it ________ the only thing on the news for the last three days.A. would beB. isC. has beenD. will be28. Do not let any failures discourage you, for you can never tell ________ close you may be to victory.A. howB. thatC. whichD. where29. You cannot accept an opinion ________ to you unless it is based on facts.A. offeringB. to offerC. having offeredD. offered30. Every day ________ a proverb aloud several times until you have it memorized.A. readB. readingC. to readD. reads31. ________ warm at night, I would fill the woodstove, then set my alarm clock for midnight so I couldrefill it.A. StayingB. StayedC. To stayD. Stay32. He ________ sleep, although he tried to, when he got on such a hunt for an idea until he had caught it.A. wouldn‟tB. shouldn‟tC. couldn‟tD. mustn‟t33. The university estimates that living expenses for international students ________ around $8,450 a year,which ________ a burden for some of them.A. are；isB. are；areC. is；areD. is；is34. — I don‟t understand why you didn‟t go to the lecture yesterday afternoon.— had done B. was doing C. would do D. am doing35. Not once ________ to Michael that he could one day become a top student in his class.A. occurred itB. it did occurC. it occurredD. did it occurSection B (18 marks)Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.When I was 8 years old, I once decided to run away from home. With my suitcase 36 and some sandwiches in a bag, I started for the front door and said to Mom, “I‟m leaving.”“If you want to 37 , that‟s all right,”she said. “But you came into this home without anything and you can leave the same way.”I 38 my suitcase and sandwiches on the floor heavily and started for the door again.“Wait a minute,” Mom said. “I want your 39 back. You didn‟t wear anything when you arrived.”This really angered me. I tore my clothes off—shoes, socks, underwear and all—and 40 , “Can I go now?”“Yes,”Mom answered, “but once you close that door, don‟t expect to come back.”I was so 41 that I slammed (砰地关上) the door and stepped out on the front porch.42 I realized that I was outside, with nothing on. Then I noticed that down the street, two neighbor girls were walking toward our house. I ran to 43 behind a big tree in our yard at once. After a while, I was 44 the girls had passed by. I dashed to the front door and banged on it loudly.“Who‟s there?” I heard.“It‟s Billy! Let me in!”The voice behind the 45 answered, “Billy doesn‟t live here anymore. He ran away from home.” Glancing behind me to see if anyone else was coming, I begged, “Aw, c‟mon, Mom! I‟m 46 your son. Let me in!”The door inched open and Mom‟s smiling face appeared. “Did you change your 47 about running away?” she asked.“What‟s for supper?” I answered. (277 words)36. A. packed B. returned C. cleaned D. repaired37. A. drop out B. go by C. move around D. run away38. A. pressed B. shook C. threw D. pulled39. A. bag B. clothes C. sandwiches D. suitcase40. A. explained B. suggested C. continued D. shouted41. A. angry B. sorry C. frightened D. ashamed42. A. Certainly B. Naturally C. Suddenly D. Possibly43. A. play B. bide C. rest D. wave44. A. sure B. proud C. eager D. curious45. A. house B. tree C. door D. yard46. A. also B. still C. even D. already47. A. conclusion B. promise C. concern D. decisionSection C (12 marks)Directions: Complete the following passage by filling in each blank with one word that best fits the context.When kids in parts of the world want to play, they often make soccer balls out of trash tied together with string. “48 the areas used for playing fields are often rough and rocky, millions of real balls go flat (变瘪) 49 24 hours,”says Tim Jahnigen, a California businessman. Determined to solve this problem, 50 created an indestructible ball called the One World Futbol.The ball is made of 51 special material, ethylene-vinyl acetate foam. It‟s lightweight, it‟s flexible, and—52 important—it holds its shape.The One World Futbol needs no pump 53 won‟t wear out, even on rough surfaces. When tested, 54 withstood (经受住) being crushed by a car, and even being chewed on by a lion.Although it costs more to produce 55 a typical soccer ball, Jahnigen estimates the One World Futbol can last 30 years. So far, it‟s been given to kids in 143 countries. (154 words)Part III Reading Comprehension (30 marks)Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage.APlanning a visit to the UK? Here we help with ways to cut your costs.A VOID BIG EVENTS Big sporting events, concerts and exhibitions can increase the cost of accommodation and make it harder to find a room. A standard double room at the Thistle Brighton on the final Friday of the Brighton Comedy Festival (19 Oct.) cost £169.15 at . A week later, the same room cost £118.15.If you can be flexible and want to know dates to avoid—or you‟re looking for a big event to pass your time—check out sites such as , which allow you to search for events in the UK by city, date and category.STAYAW AY FROM THE STATION If traveling to your destination by train, you may want to find a good base close to the station, but you could end up paying more for the sake of convenience at the start of your holiday.Don‟t be too choosy about the part of town you stay in. Booking two months in advance, the cheapest room at Travelodge‟s Central Euston hotel in London for Saturday 22 September was £95.95. A room just a tube journey away at its Covent Garden hotel was £75.75. And at Farringdon, a double room cost just £62.95.LOOK AFTER YOURSELF Really central hotels in cities such as London, Edinburgh and Cardiff can cost a fortune, especially at weekends and during big events. As an alternative consider checking into a self-catering flat with its own kitchen. Often these flats are hidden away on the top floors of city centre buildings. A great example is the historic O‟Neill Flat on Edinburgh‟s Royal Mile, available for £420 for five days in late September, with room for four adults.GET ON A BIKE London‟s …Boris bikes‟ have attracted the most attention, but other cities also have similar programmes that let you rent a bicycle and explore at your own pace, saving you on public transport or car parking costs.Among the smaller cities with their own programmes are Newcastle (casual members pay around £1.50 for two hours) and Cardiff (free for up to 30 minutes, or £5 per day). (358 words)56. The Brighton Comedy Festival is mentioned mainly to show big events may __________.A. help travelers pass timeB. attract lots of travelers to the UKC. allow travelers to make flexible plansD. cause travelers to pay more for accommodation57. “Farringdon” in Paragraph 5 is most probably __________.A. a hotel away from the train stationB. the tube line to Covent GardenC. an ideal holiday destinationD. the name of a travel agency58. The passage shows that the O‟Neill Flat __________.A. lies on the ground floorB. is located in central LondonC. provides cooking facilities for touristsD. costs over £100 on average per day in late September59. Cardiff‟s program allows a free bike for a maximum period of __________.A. half an hourB. one hourC. one hour and a halfD. two hours60. The main purpose of the passage is __________.A. to tell visitors how to book in advanceB. to supply visitors with hotel informationC. to show visitors the importance of self-helpD. to offer visitors some money-saving tipsBIn my living room, there is a plaque (匾) that advises me to “Bloom (开花) where you are planted.”It reminds me of Dorothy. I got to know Dorothy in the early 1980s, when I was teaching Early Childhood Development through a program with Union College in Barbourville, Kentucky. The job responsibilities required occasional visits to the classroom of each teacher in the program. Dorothy stands out in my memory as one who “bloomed” in her remote area.Dorothy taught in a school In Harlan County, Kentucky, Appalachian Mountain area. To get to her school from the town of Harlan, I followed a road winding around the mountain. In the eight-mile journey, I crossed the same railroad track five times, giving the possibility of getting caught by the same train five times. Rather than feeling excited by this drive through the mountains, I found it depressing. The poverty level was shocking and the small shabby houses gave me the greatest feeling of hopelessness.From the moment of my arrival at the little school, all gloom (忧郁) disappeared. Upon arriving at Dorothy‟s classroom. I was greeted with smiling faces and treated like a queen. The children had been prepared to show me their latest projects. Dorothy told me with a big smile that they were serving poke greens salad and cornbread for “dinner” (lunch). In case you don‟t know, poke greens are a weed-type plant that grows wild, especially on poor ground.Dorothy never ran out of reports of exciting activities of her students. Her enthusiasm never cooled down. When it came time to sit for the testing and interviewing required to receive her Child Development Associate Certification, Dorothy was ready. She came to the assessment and passed in all areas. Afterward, she invited me to the one-and-only steak house in the area to celebrate her victory, as if she had received her Ph. D. degree. After the meal, she placed a little box containing an old pen in my hand. She said it was a family heirloom (传家宝), but to me it is a treasured symbol of appreciation and pride that cannot be matched with things. (360 words)61. “Early Childhood Development” in Paragraph 1 refers to __________.A. a program directed by DorothyB. a course given by the authorC. an activity held by the studentsD. an organization sponsored by Union college62. In the journey, the author was most disappointed at seeing __________.A. the long trackB. the poor housesC. the same trainD. the winding road63. Upon arriving at the classroom, the author was cheered up by __________.A. a warm welcomeB. the sight of poke greensC. Dorothy‟s latest projectsD. a big dinner made for her64. What can we know about Dorothy from the last paragraph?A. She was invited to a celebration at a restaurant.B. She got a pen as a gift from the author.C. She passed the required assessment.D. She received her Ph. D. degree.65. What does the author mainly intend to tell us?A. Whatever you do, you must do it carefully.B. Whoever you are, you deserve equal treatment.C. However poor you are, you have the right to education,D. Wherever you are, you can accomplish your achievement.CIt‟s such a happy-looking library, painted yellow, decorated with palm-tree stickers and sheltered from the Florida sun by its own roof. About the size of a microwave oven, it‟s pedestrian-friendly, too, waiting for book lovers next to a sidewalk in Palm Beach country Estates, along the northern boundary of Palm Beach Gardens.It‟s a library built with love.A year ago, shortly after Janey Henriksen saw a Brian Williams report about the Little Free Library organization, a Wisconsin-based nonprofit that aims to promote literacy and build a sense of community in a neighborhood by making books freely available, she announced to her family of four, “That‟s what we‟re going to do for our spring break!”Son Austin, now a 10th-grader, didn‟t see the point of building a library that resembles a mailbox. But Janey insisted, and husband Peter unwillingly got to work. The 51-year-old owner of a ship supply company modified a small wooden house that he‟d built years earlier for daughter Abbie‟s toy horses, and made a door of glass.After adding the library‟s final touches (装点), the family hung a signboard on the front, instructing users to “take a book, return a book,” and making the Henriksen library, now one of several hundred like it nationwide and among more than 2,500 in the world, the only Little Free Library in Palm Beach County.They stocked it with 20 or so books they‟d already read, a mix of science fiction, reference titles, novels and kids‟ favorites. “I told them, keep in mind that you might not see it again,” said Janey, a stay-at-home mom.Since then, the collection keeps replenishing (补充) itself, thanks to ongoing donations from borrowers. The library now gets an average of five visits a day.The project‟s best payoff, says Peter, are the thank-you notes left behind. “We had no idea in the beginning that it would be so popular.”(317 words)66. In what way is the library “pedestrian-friendly”?A. It owns a yellow roof.B. It stands near a sidewalk.C. It protects book lovers from the sun.D. It uses palm-tree stickers as decorations.67. Janey got the idea to build a library from __________.A. a visit to Brian WilliamsB. a spring break with her familyC. a book sent by one of her neighborsD. a report on a Wisconsin-based organization68. The library was built __________.A. by a ship supply companyB. on the basis of toy horsesC. like a mailboxD. with glass69. What can we infer about the signboard?A. It was made by a user of the library.B. It marked a final touch to the library.C. It aimed at making the library last long.D. It indicated the library was a family property.70. The passage tells us that the users __________.A. donate books to the libraryB. get paid to collect books for the libraryC. receive thank-you notes for using the libraryD. visit the library over 5 times on average dailyPart IV Writing (45 marks)Section A (10 marks)Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in the numbered blanks by using the information from the passage.Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.While there is no widely accepted definition of MOOCs, their key features are open access ：they are currently free to participants, no entry qualifications are required, they support an unlimited number of participants and as yet, very few include any form of accreditation (认证). Currently offered by some famous universities, MOOCs are attractive to people who do not have the financial resources to meet the growing costs of university education, or who do not have formal qualifications. They also allow participants to study at their own pace.The potential for MOOCs to deliver education is obviously vast —they could be considered as a huge step forwards in widening participation. They also have the potential to provide a unique window on universities that offer popular and valuable courses, they may attract some participants to register for formal fee-paying programmes at the same or other universities and are likely to promote new ways of on-line education.However, it is still very early days for MOOCs. The quality of the education provision is highly variable, with many courses offering only recordings of lectures, and delivery is particularly difficult in some special fields that require practical classes, research projects or extensive library access. Besides, wider engagement with participants requires very considerable resource. Even limited feedback or examination becomes a major task if there are several thousand students in the class.Considering the challenges, some people argue MOOCs will soon evaporate (蒸发). But they certainly provide good opportunity for widening higher education, are a means of raising awareness of universities to audiences of tens or hundreds of thousands, and are well worthy of serious consideration. (271 words)● free participation at present ● 72. _________ for entry qualifications ● support of countless participants ● rare inclusion of accreditation ● being attractive to people » who 73. _________ university education or » who have 74. _________● being flexible in the study pace● widening participation significantlyKey features AttractionsSection B (10 marks)Directions: Read the following passage. Answer the questions according to the information given in the passage.“Let’s Talk”：The Free Advice ProjectA few weeks ago, I took a walk around Washington Square Park. I met all the usual people：street performers, the Pigeon Guy, a group of guitarists singing in harmony. But off to the side, sitting on a bench was a woman doing something vastly different—giving free advice.A week or two later, I set up an interview with her and we discussed her project at length.Lisa Podell, 32, started the Free Advice Project this past May. It began as an experiment；she sat in Washington Square Park for a day with a sign that read “Free Advice” as a simple way to reach out to people. Podell was astonished at the strong response.Podell admits that she was doubtful at first, but now she describes the project as mutually (相互地) beneficial. People learn from her—but she also learns from them. She says that the majorityof those who come to her are dealing with some pretty heavy issues, and they expect her not only to listen, but also provide real answers.Having worked as a full time teacher and now as an adolescent advisor, Podell believes that talking things out is an important in the decision-making process.Sometimes, people walk around all day, keeping their problems in their own head and thinking about them in the same way. Podell simply strives to provide people with perspective.I asked if there is a future plan for the Free Advice Project. Podell said she would like to promote it to each public space in New York, which would be carried out by various volunteers across the city.It was truly inspiring to meet someone with such a big heart, especially in New York—where it is sometimes very hard to find anybody to listen. (303 words)81. In what way was Podell different from other people in the park? (No more than 6 words) (2 marks)_______________________________________________________________________________ ____82. What do people in need expect Podell to do? (No more than 10 words) (3 marks)_______________________________________________________________________________ ____83. According to Podell, what should people do when making decisions?(No more than 6 words) (2 marks)____________________________________________________________________________ _______84. How would Podell promote her project in New York? (No more than 15 words) (3 marks)_______________________________________________________________________________ ____Section C (25 marks)Directions: Write an English composition according to the instructions given below.请以下列词语为关键词写一篇英语短文。
2024届湖南省普通高等学校招生全国统一考试考前演练二英语试卷含答案
2024年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试考前演练二英语（答案在最后）注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。
1.What did the woman buy for Mary?A.An iPad.B.A bicycle.C.A coffee maker.2.What are the speakers mainly talking about?A.A storm.B.A house.C.An accident.3.How long does the woman want to take a leave of absence?A.For10days.B.For14days.C.For24days.4.What does the woman want the man to do?A.Check her order.B.Offer her a free salad.C.Serve food right away.5.What time does the man offer to pick up the woman?A.At6:45pm.B.At7:00pm.C.At7:30pm.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。
2012年高考全国各省市作文集锦
2012年高考全国各省市作文集锦2012年普通高等学校招生考试广东卷作文题六、本大题1小题，60分。
24、阅读下面的文字，根据要求作文。
（60分）醉心于古文化研究的英国历史学家汤因比曾经说过，如果可以选择出生的时代与地点，他愿意出生在公元一世纪的中国新疆，因为当时那里处于佛教文化、印度文化、希腊文化、波斯文化和中国文化等多种文化的交汇地带。
居里夫人在写给外甥女涵娜的信上说：“你写信对我说，你愿意生在一世纪以前......伊雷娜则对我肯定地说过，她宁可生得晚些，生在未来的世纪里。
我以为，人们在每一个时期都可以过有趣而且有用的生活。
”上面的材料引发了你怎样的思考？请结合自己的体验与感悟，写一篇文章。
要求：①自选角度，自拟标题，自定问题。
②不少于800字。
③不得套作，不得抄袭。
2012年普通高等学校招生考试江苏卷作文题七、作文（70分）18.阅读下面的材料，按照要求作文。
慈母手中线，游子身上衣。
临行密密缝，意恐迟迟归。
（孟郊）为什么我的眼里常含泪水？因为我对这土地爱得深沉。
（艾青）在这些神圣的心灵中，有一股清明的力量和强烈的爱，像激流一般飞涌出来。
甚至无须倾听他们的声音，就在他们的眼里，他们的事迹里，就可看到生命从没像处于忧患时的那么伟大，那么丰满，那么幸福。
（罗曼?罗兰）请以“忧与爱”为题，写一篇不少于800字文章。
要求：①立意自定；②角度自选；③除诗歌外，文体自选。
2012年普通高等学校招生考试上海卷作文题27. 根据以下材料，选取一个角度，自拟题目，写一篇不少于800字的文章（不要写成诗歌）。
人们对自己的心灵中闪过的微光，往往会将它舍弃，只因为这是自己的东西。
而从天才的作品中，人们却认出了曾被自己舍弃的微光。
2012年普通高等学校招生考试浙江卷作文题2012年浙江高考(微博)作文话题为《站在路边鼓掌的人》，话题后附有一段材料。
该话题可能从我国台湾女作家刘继荣“坐在路边鼓掌的人”延伸开来。
此前网络上不断有传言，高考作文题为生命的意义。
2012年湖南省高考压轴卷英语试卷
绝密★启用前2012年湖南省高考压轴卷英语本试卷分为四个部分，包括听力、语言知识运用、阅读和书面表达。
时量120分钟，满分150分。
注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
用统一提供的2B铅笔将答题卡上试卷类型B后的方框涂黑。
2．选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用统一提供的2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。
答在试题卷、草稿纸上无效。
3．完成句子和短文写作题的作答：用统一提供的签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。
答在试题卷、草稿纸上无效。
4．考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。
考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。
第I卷选择题（共115分）Part I Listening Comprehension (30 marks)Section A (22.5 marks)Directions: In this section, you’ll hear 6 conversations between 2 speakers. For each conversation, there are several questions and each question is followed by 3 choices. Listen to the conversations carefully and then answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter (A, B or C) on the question booklet.You will hear each conversation TWICE.Example:When will the magazine probably arrive?A. Wednesday.B. Thursday.C. Friday.The answer is B.Conversation 11. What do you know about the woman?A. She has been to Australia.B. She hasn’t been to Australia.C. She can’t wait for nice weather.2. Where does the dialogue probably take place?A. In China.B. In Sydney.C. In Tasmania. Conversation 23. How long has the man been like this?A. Since Friday.B. Since Saturday.C. Since Sunday.4. What does "be up and dancing in no time，，mean here?A. Never being able to stand up and dance.B. Being able to get up and attend a party quickly.C. Becoming healthy soon and enjoying oneself.Conversation 35. What does the boy want to do?A. Teach a lesson to the student he，s angry with.B. Ask for some advice from someone else.C. Turn to the teacher for help.6. What does the woman ask him to do?A. Fight the student.B. Hide away from the student.C. Show his strength to the student.Conversation 47. What are the two speakers most probably talking about?A. New history time.B. Great achievements.C. Space walk.8. Which one has been successfully launched?A. Shenzhou IV.B. Chang-e.C. Shenzhou V.9. What can we know about the two speakers?A. They are proud of the achievements.B. They want to visit those scientists and researchers.C. They are from the same university.Conversation 510. What happened to Tom yesterday?A. He pulled his tooth out by himself.B. He lost his car.C. His good tooth was pulled out.11. What happened when Tom went out of the doctor’s office yesterday?A. His car was lost.B. Tom found his key lost.C. Tom got lost.12. Which of the following words best describes the day Tom had?A. Exciting.B. Unlucky.C. Tiring.Conversation 613. Why did John choose South Australia for the animals，safe place?A. He could build a safe place for wild animals there.B. It still had many cats and foxes.C. Scientists were welcomed there.14. Why was John put in prison?A. He gave his opinions on the environment.B. He wanted to kill cats and foxes.C. He cut down some trees.15. What does the woman believe?A. Introduced animals are troublesome.B. All animals have rights to live.C. All John’s views are wrong.Section B (7. 5 marks)Directions： In this section， you will hear a short passage . Listen carefully and then fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard . Fill in each blank with NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS.You will hear the short passage TWICE.Online shoppingPart II Language Knowledge(45 marks)Section A (15 marks)Directions: For each of the following unfinished sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.21. These doctors are busy day and night, a cure for AIDS.A. bringing onB. pulling onC. taking onD. working on22. Dan caught two ________birds in the wood last week and they are still ________in the cage.A. alive; liveB.live; liveC.live; aliveD.lived; alive23. —Do you know where David is? I ca n’t find him anywh ere.—Well . He have gone far—his coat’s still here.A．shouldn’t B.mustn’t C.can’tD．wouldn’t24. .－Is that 110? A thief is in my house…－ Ok, help is ______.A. in the wayB. in its wayC. on the wayD. by the way29. He must have attended the meeting yesterday, ___he?A. didn’tB. mustn’tC. needn’tD. hadn’t30. Go and see that play. I______ you'll enjoy it.A. guaranteeB. complaintC. budgetD. feel31. Prices of daily goods _______ through a computer can be lower than store prices.A. are boughtB. boughtC. been boughtD. buying32. Whom would you rather _________ to the hospital?A. have sendingB. have sentC. having sendD. having sent33. A single pipeline ___________ all the houses with water.A. is servedB. servesC. are servingD. serve34. The teacher wrote an example on the blackboard to ______ the point.A. illustrateB. suggestC. expressD. recognize35. My grandfather keeps healthy by ______ for half an hour every morning.A. working outB. acting outC. taking outD. lookingoutSection B(18 marks)If someone helps you out, should you “pay him or her back”? No- the best thingto do it is to “pay forward” by helping others. This is the 36 I have learned from a movie called just that: pay it Forward. The main character David invites homeless people into his house so that he can pay forward others’ love toward him.37 by the plot, I decided to donate blood as my own way of “Paying it forward”.One sunny afternoon, I went to a blood donation station in Jining. That afternoon was also my 18th birthday. I thought of what I was doing as a wonderful gift to 38 and to others.There was a long queue of 39 . I joined it excitedly but became more and more 40 as the queue moved forward. Finally, it was my turn. I filled out an application form and had a physical examination. Then I started to give blood.I sat down 41 a large box and extended my left hand. “Are you ready?” saidthe doctor with a warm smile. “Yep!” I replied with a confident smile 42 . The needle was inserted into my vein（静脉）and a stinging（刺痛的）pain hit me. Seeingthe red blood flowing, I felt a bit sick and dizzy.“You should clench（紧握）and release your fist,”the doctor said. “Keep doing that43 I tell you to stop.” I clenched and released throughout the whole process and44 calmed down. By the end they had 400ml of my blood.It means a lot to me that I 45 the start of my adult life with a blood donation.I showed how I 46 people in need. Many students think about doing something specialor meaningful on their 18th birthday, but only by 47 can we really make a difference and live a meaningful life.36 A. experience B. lesson C. conclusion D. comment37 A. Stimulated B. Infected C. Urged D. Moved38 A. me B. him C. myself D. himself39 A. volunteers B. customers C. patients D. characters40 A. embarrassed B. upset C. nervous D. homesick41 A. against B. around C. beyond D. over42 A. in turn B. in return C. in vain D. in advance43 A. even if B. as though C. because D. until44 A. regularly B. swiftly C. gradually D. hopefully45 A. marked B. initiated C. cultivated D. recalled46 A. worry about B. care for C. turn to D. approve of47 A. giving blood B. Entering collegesC. correcting mistakesD. taking actionSection C (12 marks)Directions: Complete the following passage by filling in each blank with one word that best fits the context.One day a lady saw a mouse running across her kitchen floor. She was very afraid of mouse,48 she ran out of the house, got into a bus and went to the shops. There she bought a mousetrap（捕鼠器）. The shopkeeper said to her, "Put some cheese in it 49 you will soon catch that mouse."The lady went home 50 her mousetrap, but when she looked in her cupboard, she could not find any cheese in 51 . She did not want to go back to the shop, 52 it was very late, so she cut a picture of some cheese out of 53 magazine and put that in the trap.Surprisingly, the picture of the cheese was quite successful! When the lady came down to the kitchen the 54 morning she found a picture of a mouse in the trap beside the picture of the 55 !Part III Reading Comprehension (30 marks)Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage.( A )Following some of the tips for green living helps save our planet. All of these involve just a few changes to our daily habits.Just walk and limit the use of your car. One of the poster images of pollution is our vehicles. It burns fuel. It is not as efficient as we hope it could be, and we use it every single day. To lessen the effects of the air pollution caused by our vehicles, we should limit their use. If we can walk to our destination then just let us go. Not only do we lessen our carbon dioxide emissions, but we also get a good exercise out of it.Use a laptop instead of a computer desktop. Laptops are more energy efficientcompared to their bigger counterparts. A laptop is generally 50 percent more efficient in using electricity. Aside from that there are other benefits of a laptop. It is portable so you can work anywhere you like and that you get powerful features without the large size of desktop units.Turn off the faucet while you are brushing your teeth. It is always a better idea to use a glass when we are brushing our teeth and not to just let the faucet keep on running. Therefore，there is less water to waste while we are cleaning our pearly whites. Simply turn off the faucet when you are not using it.Make good use of natural light. We have a great and natural lamp --- the sun, and we should learn how to take full advantage of it during daytime. So instead of turning on our lights or lamps even if it is still not evening, we should pull up the drapes and let the natural light come in from the windows.These are just some of the best tips for green living, but of course there are still many of these tips if you just search for them. But you can do your own variation any time just always prioritize how you can use less energy and produce even lesser trash and pollution.56. What’s the best title for the passage?A. How to Save Our PlanetB. How to Change Our Daily HabitsC. Tips for Green Living TodayD. Green Living and Serious Pollution57. Compared with a computer desktop, a laptop __________.A. less energy efficientB. faster at workC. easy to repairD. easy to carry58. How many tips does the passage mention for green living today?A. ThreeB. FourC. FiveD. Six59. The underlined word ‘‘prioritize’’ in the last paragraph can be replaced by the word ________.A. decreaseB. considerC. imagineD. guess60. Which of the following is NOT true?A. A few changes to daily habits can help a lot.B. While washing teeth we should turn off the faucet.C. Vehicles bring pollution and we should try to avoid.D. In the daytime we should not pull up the drapes.(B)Surprisingly, no one knows how many children receive education in English hospitals, still less the content or quality of that education. Proper records are just not kept. We know that more than 850,000 children go through hospital each year, and that every child of school age has a legal right to continue to receive education while in hospital. We also know there is only one hospital teacher to every 1,000 children in hospital.Little wonder the latest survey concludes that the extent and type of hospital teaching available differ a great deal across the country. It is found that half thehospitals in England which admit children have no teacher. A further quarter have only a part-time teacher. The s pecial children’s hospitals in major cities do best; general hospitals in the country and holiday areas are worst off. From this survey, one can estimate that fewer than one in five children have some contact with a hospital teacher—and that contact may be as little as two hours a day. Most children interviewed were surprised to find a teacher in hospital at all. They had not been prepared for it by parents or their own school. If there was a teacher they were much more likely to read books and do math or number work; without a teacher they would only play games.Reasons for hospital teaching range from preventing a child falling behind and maintaining the habit of school to keeping a child occupied, and the latter is often all the teacher can do. The position and influence of many teachers was summed up when parents referred to them as “the library lady” or just “the helper”. Children tend to rely on concerned school friends to keep in touch with school work. Several parents spoke of requests for work being ignored or refused by the school. Once back at school children rarely get extra teaching, and are told to catch up as best they can.Many short-stay child-patients catch up quickly. But schools do very little to ease the anxiety about falling behind expressed by many of the children interviewed.61. Which of the following statements is true?A. Every child in hospital receives some teaching.B. Not enough is known about hospital teaching.C. Hospital teaching is of poor quality.D. The special children's hospitals are worst off.62. It can be inferred from the latest survey that________.A. hospital teaching across the country is similarB. each hospital has at least one part-time teacherC. all hospitals surveyed offer education to childrenD. only one-fourth of the hospital have full-time teacher63. The hospital teachers are found________.A. not welcomed by the children and their parentsB. unnecessaryC. not quite helpfulD. capable64. In order to catch up with their school work, children in hospital usually turn to________.A. hospital teachersB. schoolmatesC. parentsD. school teachers65. We can conclude from the passage that the author is________.A. unfavorable towards children receiving education in hospitalsB. in favor of the present state of teaching in hospitalsC. unsatisfied with the present state of hospital teachingD. satisfied with the results of the latest survey( C )We can make mistakes at any age. Some mistakes we make are about money. But most mistakes are about people. “Did Jerry really care when I broke up with Helen?” “When I got that great job, did Jim really feel good about it, as a friend? Or did he envy my luck?” “And Paul-why didn’t pick up that he was friendly just because I had a car?” When we look back, doubts like these can make us feel bad. But when we look back，It’s too late.Why do we go wrong about our friends – or our enemies? Sometimes what people say hides their real meaning. And if we don’t really listen we miss the feeling behind the words. Suppose someone tells you，“You’re a lucky dog .” that’s being friendly. But “lucky dog”? There’s a bit of envy in those words. Maybe he doesn’t see it himself. But bringing in the “dog” bit puts you down a little. What he may be saying is that he doesn’t think you deserve your luck.“Just think of all the things you have to be thankful for ” is another noise that says one thing and means another. It could mean that the speaker is trying to get you to see your problem as part of your life as a whole. But is he? Wrapped up in this phrase is the thought that your problem isn’t important. It’s telling you to think of all the starving people in the world when you haven’t got a date for Saturday night.How can you tell the real meaning behind someone’s words? One way is to take a good look at the person talking. Do his words fit the way he looks? Does what he says agree with the tone of voice? His posture? The look in his eyes? Stop and think. The minute you spend thinking about the real meaning of what people say to you may save another mistake.66. This passage is mainly about .A. how to interpret what people sayB. what to do when you listen to others talkingC. how to avoid mistakes when you communicate with peopleD. Why we go wrong with people sometimes67. According to the author，the reason why we go wrong about our friends is that .A. We fail to listen carefully when they talkB. People tend to be annoyed when we check what they sayC. People usually state one thing but means anotherD. We tend to doubt what our friends say68. In the sentence “Maybe he doesn’t see it himself” in the second paragraph，the pronoun “it “refers to .A. being friendlyB. a bit of envyC. lucky dogD. your luck69. When we listen to a person talking, the most important thing for us to do is .A. notice the way the person is talkingB. take a good look at the person talkingC. mind his tone，his posture and the look in his eyesD. examine the real meaning of what he says based on his manner, his tone and hisposture70. The author most probably is a .A. teacher C. philosopherB. psychologist D. doctorPART FOUR WRITING (45 marks)SECTION A (10 marks)With high pace of modern society, more and more people get stressed and feel lonely sometimes, but it usually only lasts between a few minutes and a few hours. This kind of loneliness is not serious. In fact it is quite normal. For some people, though, loneliness can last for years. Now researchers say there are different types of loneliness.The first kind of loneliness is temporary. This is the most common type. It usually disappears quickly and doesn’t require any specially attention. The second kind, situational loneliness, is a natural result of a particular situation ―for example, when a family problem appears, the time a loved one dies, or when they move to a new place. Although this kind of loneliness can cause physical problems, such as headaches and sleeplessness, it usually does not last for more than a year. The third kind of loneliness is the most severe. Unlike the second type, it usually lasts for more than two years and has no specific cause. People in this case have problems socializing and can not become close to others. Unfortunately, many such people think there is little or nothing they can do to improve their condition.Psychologists are trying to find ways to help habitually lonely people for two reasons: They are unhappy and unable to socialize and there is a connection between habitual loneliness and serious illness such as heart disease. While temporary and situational loneliness can be normal, healthy part of life, habitual loneliness can be a very sad, and sometimes dangerous condition.Section B (10 marks)Directions: Read the following passage. Answer the questions according to the information given in the passage.A man had a little daughter—an only and much-loved child. The girl was very lovely and beautiful. Every day the girl would sing and dance for him. They lived together happily. He was very proud of her. Whenever talking about his daughter, he always thought he was the happiest father in the world. He lived for her—she was his life. So when one day she became seriously ill, he became like a crazy man, moving heaven and earth to bring about her restoration to health.His best efforts, however, proved unavailing and the child died. He felt his own life was gone with his little daughter. The father became a bitter recluse(隐居者), shutting himself away from his many friends and refusing every activity that might restore his confidence and bring him back to his normal self. But one night he had a dream.He was in heaven, witnessing a grand pageant of all the little child angels. They were marching in a line passing by the Great White Throne. Every white-robed angelic child carried a candle. He noticed that one child's candle was not lighted. Then he saw that the child with the dark candle was his own little girl. Rushing to her, he seized her in his arms, kissed her tenderly, and then asked, "How is it, darling, that your candle alone is unlighted?" "Daddy, they often relight it, but your tears always put it out."Just then he awoke from his dream. The lesson was crystal clear, and its effects were immediate. From that hour on he was not a recluse, but communicated freely and cheerfully with his former friends and associates. No longer would his darling's candle be extinguished by his useless tears.81. How did the father feel when his daughter died?(No more than 9 words) (2 marks)82. What did the father do after his daughter died?(No more than 12 words) (2 marks)83. Why would the father like to communicate with his former friends again?(No more than 8 words) (3 marks)84. What did his daughter’s words mean?(No more than 12 words) (3 marks)SECTION C (25 marks)Directions: Write an English composition according to the instructions given below in Chinese.仔细观察下面的图画，理解其含义，请按要求完成一篇短文。
(完整word版)湖南省2022年普通高等学校对口招生考试英语(对口)试题
湖南省2022年普通高等学校对口招生考试英语（对口）试题本试题卷分四个部份，共13页。
时量120分钟。
满分120分。
第一部份 听力理解 (共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。
录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分7.5 分）听下面 5 段对话，每段对话后有一个小题。
从题中所给的A,B,C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?A. £ 19.15B. £ 9.18C. £ 9.15答案是C。
1. What are the speakers talking about?A. Having a birthday party.B. Doing some exercise.C. Getting Lydia a gift.2. What is the woman going to do?A. Help the man.B. Take a bus.C. Get a camera.3. What does the woman suggest the man do?A. Tell Kate to stop.B. Call Kate’s friends.C. Stay away from Kate.4. Where does the conversation probably take place?A. In a wine shop.B. In a supermarket.C. In a restaurant.5. What does the woman mean?A. Keep the window closed.B. Go out for fresh air.C. Turn on the fan.第二节(共15小题:每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或者独白。
2012年高考英语湖南卷-答案
2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一试题（湖南卷）英语答案解析第I卷Part ⅠListening Comprehension1-5ACCBA 6-10．BABCA 11-15CBCBA16．90 17．month 18．Reference 19．New Year’s Day 20. ID cardPart ⅡLanguage Knowledge Section A21．【答案】C 【解析】句意:…更多的工作需要去做以取得最后的成功. need做实意动词后接动词作宾语有两种结构: need doing意为“主语需要被做”可以用need to be done转换; need to do 主语需要(自己)去做; 22．【答案】A 【解析】句意:…你现在所做的努力在以后的生活中会有回报的. 显然是将来时态且为被动. 23．【答案】B【解析】句意:使用得当,时间就是银行里的钱. 要填的是非谓语形式,,而且use和主语time的关系是动宾关系,所以要用过去分词表被动意义,相当一个条件状语从句:if it (time) is used correctly. 24．【答案】B 【解析】题干前后表示的是叠加意义: 好的锻炼;不污染空气,所以用besides “除了…(还…)”; 答案A意为“然而”;C “要不然”;D“所以”.25．【答案】C 【解析】句意:关上你身后的惧怕之门,你就会看到信心之门在你面前敞开着.这是祈使句+and+并列句.根据句意,并列句谓语应该用将来一般时态.26．【答案】C 【解析】根据结构词or就很容易断定:whether…or.句意:…你居住在那里是很短一段时间还是很长一段时间,都没有关系.27．【答案】D 【解析】根据soon “很快”很容易断定是将来时,这里是直接引语,所以要用D（表示“来、去、动身、启程”这类动词经常用进行时表将来）.句意:“这一时刻很快就要到了”.28．【答案】A 【解析】句意:尽管我老觉得我会通过考试,然而,我从来不曾想过会得“A等”.根据上下文可以看出,题干需要一个引导让步状语从句的连词.while在这里等于though.29．【答案】D 【解析】根据上下文可知,这是对现在情况的虚拟,if 从句用过去式,主句用would+原形. 30. 【答案】B 【解析】句意:直到我来到这儿才意识到,这个地方不仅以它的美而且以它的天气出名.这里是强势结构It is+被强调部分+that…;本题强调的是时间状语.注意中文“直到…才…”用until表达常有以下三种形式:not…until; Not until (否定的状语谓语句首,后面的主句谓语用一般疑问句结构倒装);It is not until…that…(强势结构).所以,本题也可以如下说:I did not realized this place was famous for not only its beauty but also its weather until I came here(正常结构);Not until I came here did I realize this place was famous for not only its beauty but also its weather(倒装结构).31．【答案】A 【解析】句意:报告于昨晚七点开始,报告之后便是用望远镜观察月球.start在此用作不及物动词（就像Classes start at 8“8点开始上课”一样）,瞬间动词的现在分词作定语表完成意义或将来意义:We shall arrive too late to catch the train leaving (=which will leave) at eight.我们会到达太晚了而赶不上8点（离开）的火车.A tile falling(=which fell)from a roof shattered into fragments at his feet.一片从屋顶上掉下来的瓦在他的脚边摔得粉碎.The accident happening to her turned out to be a good thing.她发生的意外证明\结果是件好事.现在分词的被动式(答案B)做定语只能表示正在进行的动作或和谓语动词同时进行的行为.不定式作定语表将来或含情态意义或被修饰部分有最高级\序数词\\only\next\last或是something\anything等不定代词等.32．【答案】A 【解析】句意:不减少进食,无论你怎么努力,要减肥是困难的.其他几个选项语义不通.however “无论怎么”在此引导让步状语从句=no matter how.33．【答案】C 【解析】句意:…抱歉,我好多年都没有弹钢琴了.现在完成时在此表示从好多年前算起到说话的时候为止的（否定）状态的持续.34．【答案】D 【解析】句意:心灵的护理是一个逐渐的过程,在这个过程中,甚至生活中那些微小的细节都应该加以考虑.in which引导非限制性定语从句,which代前面的process.35．【答案】D 【解析】句意:所有的科学证据表明:农业方面越来越多的使用化学物质正在损害着我们的健康.主语是evidence “证据（不可数名词）”,所以谓语动词应用单数式shows,宾语从句的主语是use “使用（不可数名词）”,所以要用is.Section B36．【答案】C．【解析】以前没人问及过上述问题.37．【答案】B．【解析】等着我的回答38．【答案】D．【解析】是不是人们看我的时候就看到我的缺牙呢.39．【答案】A．【解析】回到家再次考虑我的缺牙问题. 答案B意为“刷”, C “覆盖”, D “感激,欣赏”.40. 【答案】B．【解析】母亲自然注意到所发生的一切. 答案A意为“承认”; C “控制”; D “改变”. 41．【答案】A．【解析】没有什么可担心. 答案B意为“推迟”; C “放弃”. D “消灭”.42．【答案】C．【解析】不过我们还是诚实点吧(言下之意就是不要做手术来掩盖真实面目以到达所谓的完美).43．【答案】A．【解析】母亲的话让我认真地考虑起我的牙齿来.44．【答案】D．【解析】这是我特征的一部分. 答案A “能力”; B “决定”; C “目标”.45．【答案】C．【解析】事实上没有人是完美的. 答案A “可能性”. B “目的”; D “选择”.46．【答案】D．【解析】所有丑陋的东西都去掉的时候,所有美好的东西也随之东流. 答案A意为“勇气”; B “明智”; C “善良\帮助”.47．【答案】B．【解析】所以,如果哪位女孩再问我牙齿的事情,…Section C48．【答案】we. 【解析】对应于our49．【答案】should．【解析】我们对朋友应该表示足够的关怀.50. 【答案】A．【解析】有时候一天打电话多次.注意:every\each\per day是“每一天”,不合语境.51．【答案】others. 【解析】还有一些….52．【答案】in. 【解析】信封内可以附带寄些照片等.53．【答案】and．【解析】连接两个谓语动词:write postcards…and send them to friends.54．【答案】not. 【解析】55．【答案】What. 【解析】引导主语从句,what在主语从句中做主语.承上句:打何种电话,寄何种信件不重要,重要的是我们要让对方知道我们在乎他们.Part Ⅲ Reading ComprehensionA．56．【答案】C．【解析】从文章的二段第三句和最后一句:在看母亲的信息时,碰巧看到了之前父亲发给自己的信息…57．【答案】A．【解析】从第二段第五、六句:My eyes fell on a photo of a flower…inspired me可知作者送礼物的灵感来自在Wyoming所拍摄的一张花的照片.58．【答案】D．【解析】从第三段第三句开始到本题的it所在句为止可以看出.59．【答案】D．【解析】从第三段作者制作这件礼物的过程可知.60. 【答案】B．【解析】纵观全文以及排除法可知.B．61．【答案】C．【解析】King’s Art Centre下最后一句.62．【答案】B．【解析】The Botanic Garden下第二、三段可知是两种植物,并不是昆虫、蛇,更不是野生动物爱好者.63．【答案】B．【解析】Byron’s Pool下第一段最后一句.64．【答案】A．【解析】Byron’s Pool下第二段第二句65．【答案】A．【解析】文章开始第一句.C．66．【答案】C．【解析】由虾壳和用丝绸生产的蛋白质所做成的“shrilk”很薄、透明、有弹性,而且非常结实.其他几个答案明显不对.67．【答案】A．【解析】第二段主要讲塑料的耐用性而向我们提出了它的使用问题.其他答案明显排除:答案B“廉价生产”;C “快速开发它的特性”;D “公正评价它的贡献”.68．【答案】D．【解析】第四段:生产Shrilk的材料大自然中非常丰富….和答案D “它的原材料在大自然中非常丰富”一致.69．【答案】B．【解析】从最后一段第二句可知:这种材料受潮时变得很有弹性,所以,发明者正在探索在潮湿环境中的使用方法.70. 【答案】D．【解析】主题概括:一种可能的塑料替代物.第Ⅱ卷Part ⅣWriting Section A71．【答案】River Control72．【答案】Reasons 根据表格右边内容及文章第一段第二句73．【答案】supply 根据第一段第二句:to maintain reliable water supplies for daily保持每天有可靠的水供应74．【答案】agriculture 第一段第二句75．【答案】flooding 根据第一段最后76．【答案】deepening根据第二段77．【答案】stabilizing 根据第二段后的stabilization of banks “河岸的稳固”78．【答案】shortening 根据第三段最后79．【答案】dam construction第二段最后,根据表格内容结构及文章第二段:控制河流取得成效是通过两种方式: channelization “交通渠化”和construction of dams “修筑水坝”.80. 【答案】the environment根据最后一段的第一句:尽管取得了成就,但是许多水坝也导致了重大的环境变化,这些变化证明是有害的.Section B81．【答案】He wanted to save up money and buy his own car. 第二段第二句.82．【答案】The manager particularly expected them to offer fast service with a friendly smile. 第二段最后一句. 83．【答案】He loves his co-workers and all the customer know who he is. 第三段第一句.84．【答案】He learned teamwork, devotion and staying positive in rough situations. 最后一段头两句.Section C。
湖南省普通高校对口招生考试英语词汇表
词汇表本表共收词2 200个左右（含九年义务教育阶段的词汇及常见的职业类词汇）。
其中无标记单词约1 700个，标*号的单词约500个。
达到基础模块的“基本要求”，应学习本表中无标记的约1 700个单词。
达到基础模块的“较高要求”，应继续学习约200个标*号的单词。
达到拓展模块的教学要求，应再学习约300个标*号的单词。
Aa（an）art. ability n.able a.*aboard prep. & ad. about ad. & prep. above prep. & a. abroad ad.*absent a.accept v.*access n. & v. accident n. account n. accountant n.ache v. & n. across prep. & ad. act n. & v. action n.active a.activity n.actor n. actress n. actually ad.ad（=advertisement）n.add v. addition n. address n.*adjust v.*administration n.*admire v. adult n.*advanced a.advice n.advise v.*afford v.afraid a.Africa n.African n. & a.after prep. & conj. afternoon n.again ad.against prep.age n.agency n.agent n.ago ad. Agreement n.ahead ad.aid n. & v.aim n. & v.air n.airline n.airport n.*aisle n.album n.*alcohol n.*alert a.alike a. & ad. alive a.all a.，ad.& pron. allow v.almost ad.alone a.along ad. & prep. aloud ad.already ad.alsoa d.although conj.always ad.am/a. m.，AM/A. M. n.*amazing a.America n.American n. & a. among prep.*ancient a.and conj.angry a.animal n.another a. & pron. answer n. & v. anypro n. & a. anybody（=anyone）pron.*anyhow ad.*anymore ad.anything pron. anyway ad.*anywhere ad. apartment n.*apologize v.appear v.*appetite n.*application n.apply v.appointment n.April n.area n.arm n.army n.around ad. & pre p.arrive v.art n.artist n.as ad.，conj. & prep.*ashtray n.Asia n.Asian n. & a.*aside ad.ask v.asleep a.assistant n.at prep.ATM n.attend v.attract v.audience n.August n.aunt n.Australia n. & a.Australian n.automatic a.*automobile n.autumn n.available a.*avenue n.avoid v.away ad.*awful a.Bbaby n. back ad.& a. backache n. background n.*backward ad.*bacon n.bad a. badly ad. badminton n.bag n.*baggage n. bake v. bakery n. balance n.ball n. balloon n.*band n. bank n.bar n. bark v. & n. *baseball n. basic a. basin n. basket n. basketball n. bathroom n.*bathtub n. battery n.*bay n.be（am，is，are）v.*beach n. bean n. beautiful a. become v.bed n. bedroom n. beef n.beer n.before prep.，ad. & conj. beginning n.*behavior n.behind prep. & ad. believe v.bell n.belong v.below prep.beside prep.besides prep. & ad.best a.& ad.*bet v.better a. & ad. between prep.beyond prep.big a.bike（=bicycle）n.bill n.birthday n.*biscuit n.bitter a.blackboard n.blank n. & a.block n.blog n.blood n.blow v.blue n. & a.boat n.*boil v.bone n.*bonus n.book n. & v.*bookcase（=bookshelf）n.boring a.born a.boss n.both a. & pron. bottle n. bottom n.*bow v.& n. bowl n.*bowling n.box n.boy n.brain n.*brake n. branch n.brave a.bread n.break n. & v. breakfast n. breathe v.*brick n. bridge n.brief a.bright a.bring v.Britain n.British n. & a. broad a .*broadcast v.brother n.brown n. & a. brush n. & v. budget n.build v.building n.burn v.bus n. business n. businessman n.busy a.but conj. & prep. *butcher n.*butter n.buy v.by prep.bye int.C*cabbage n.*cabin n.café（=cafeteria）n. cake n.*calculator n.*calendar n.call n. & v. camera n. camp n. & v. can v. & n. Canada n. Canadian n. & a. cancel v.cancer n.*candle n. candy n. capital n. captain n.car n. card n. care n. & v. career n. careful a.*cargo n. carry v. cart n.cartoon n. case n. cash n. & v. *cashier n.cat n. catch v.*caution n.*celebrate v.cell n. center n. central a. century n. certainly ad.*certificate n. chain n. chair n. chairman n.*challenge n.*champion n. chance n. change n. & v. chat n. & v. cheap a. check n. & v. cheer n. & v. *cheese n. chef n. chemical a. & n. *chest n. chicken n. chief a. & n. child n. childhood n. China n. Chinese n. & a. chip n. chocolate n.choice n.choose v.*chop v. chopsticks n. Christmas n.church n.*cigarette n.cinema n.circle n. & v.*circuit n.citizen n.city n.claim v.class n.classic a. classroom n.clean v. & a. clear a.clerk n.clever a.*client n.*climate n.climb v.*clinic n.clock n.close v.，a. & ad. clothes n.cloud n.cloudy a.club n.coach n.coal n.coast n.coat n.code n.coffee n.coin n.cold a.*collar n. collect v. college n. color n. comfortable a. comment n.*commercial a.*committee n. common a. communicate v. community n. company n.*compare v.*compete v. complain v. complete a. & v. *complicated a. computer n. condition n. confidence n.*confirm v.*confuse v.*congratulation n. consider v.*construction n.*consumer n. contact v. contain v. continue v. contract n. control v. & n. cook n. & v. cookie n. cool a.*cooperate v. copier n.copy n. & v. corn n . corner n.*corporation n. correct v. & a. cost n. & v. cotton n. cough n. & v. could modal v. count v. counter n. country n. countryside n. county n. couple n.*coupon n.*courage n. course n. court n. cousin n. cover n. & v. cow n.co-worker n.*craft n. & v. crazy a. cream n. create v. credit n.*crew n.*crossroads n. crowd n. crowded a.cry v. & n. culture n.cup n.*cupboard n.*cure v. & n.*curious a. current a. customer n.cut v. & n. *cycle n.Ddad n. daily a. & ad. *dairy n. damage v. & n. dance v. & n. danger n.dark a.data n.date n. daughter n.day n. dead a.*deadline n.*deaf a.deal n. & v. dear a. December n. decide v.*decorate v. deep a. & ad. degree n. delay n. & v. *delete v. selicious a.*delighted a. deliver v. demand v. department n.*departure n.*deposit v. & n. describe v. design v. & n.designer n. desk n.*destination n. detail n. develop v.*device n. dialog n. diary n.*dictation n. dictionary n.die v. diet n. different a. difficult a.dig v.*digital n. dinner n. direct a. & v. director n. dirty a.*disabled a. disappear v.*disappointed a. disk n.*discount n. & v. discover v. discuss v. dish n. display v. & n. distance n. district n. divide v.*DJ（＝disk jockey）n.do（does）v.doctor n. document n.dog n.dollar n.door n.*dormitory（=dorm）n.*dot n.double a. & n. down prep. & ad. download n. & v.*downstairs ad.*downtown ad.，a. & n. dozen n.draft n.drag v.draw v. dream n. & v. dress n. & v. *drill n. & v. drink v. & n. drive v. driver n. drop n. & v. drug n.dry v. & a. *dull a. dumpling n. duringpre p.*dustbin n. duty n. DVD n.Eeach a. & pron. eager a.ear n.early a. & ad. earn v.earth n.*earthquake n.east n.，a.& ad. easy a.eat v.*economic a.*economy n.edge n. education n.effort n.egg n.eight a. & n. eighteen a. & n.eighteenth a.，ad. & n. eighth a.，ad. & n. eighty a. & n.either a.，conj. & ad. *elbow n.elder a. & n.elect v.*electric a.electricity n.*electronic a.eleven a. & n. eleventh a.，ad. & n. elsea d.e-mail n.*emergency n.*employ v.*employee n.*employer n.*employment n. empty a.*enable v. encourage v.end n. & v. energy n. engine n. engineer n. England n. English a. & n. enjoy v. enough a. & ad. ensure v. enter v. entrance n. entry n.*envelope n. environment n.*envy v. & n. equal a. & v. equipment n. eraser n. error n. escape n. & v. especially ad.*establish v.Euro n. Europe n. European n. & a. *eve n. even ad. evening n.event n. ever ad. every a. everyone（=everybody）pron. everything pron. everywhere ad. exact a. examine v. example n. excellent a. except prep. exchange v. excited a. exciting a. excuse n. & v. exercise n. & v. *exhibition n. exist v.exit n. expect v.*expense n. expensive a. experience n.*experiment n. expert n. explain v.*explore v. export n. & v. express v. expression n. extra a. eye n.Fface n. & v. fact n. factory n.fail v. failure n.fair a. & n.fall v. & n. false a.*familiar a.family n.famous a.fan n.*fantastic a.far a. & ad.*fare n.farm n.farmer n.fashion n.fast a. & ad.fat a. & n. father n.*fault n.favor n. & v. favorite a. & n.fax n.fear n. & v. feature n. February n.fee n.feed v.feel v.feeling n.fellow n.female a.& n.*fence n.festival n.fever n.few pron. & a. *fiber n.field n.fifteen a. & n. fifteenth a.，ad. & n. fifth a.，ad. & n.fiftieth a.，ad. & n. fifty a. & n. fight n. & v. figure n. & v.file n.fill v.film n.final a.*finance n. financial a.find v.fine a.finger n.finish v.fire n. & v.*fireworks n.firm n. & a.first a.，ad. & n. fish n. & v.fit a. & v.five a. & n.fix v.flag n.*flame n.flash n.*flashlight n.flat n. & a. flight n.flood n. & v. floor n.*flour n.flow v.flower n.flu n.fly v.fog n.*fold v.*folder n.folk a.follow v. following prep. & a. fond a.food n.fool n. & v. foolish a.football n.for prep. & conj. force v.*forecast n. & v.*forehead n.foreign a. foreigner n.forest n.forever ad.forget v.*forgive v.*fork n.form n. & v. formal a.former a.fortieth a.，ad. & n. *fortune n.forty a. & n. forward ad.four a. & n.fourteenth a.，ad. & n. *fragile a.*frame n.France n.free a.*freeze v.French n. & a.*frequent a.Fresh a.Friday n.*fridge n.friend n.friendly a. friendship n.*frighten v.from prep.front n. & a.fruit n.*fry v.fuel n.full a.fun n. & a. function n.fund n.funny a.*fur n. furniture n.future n.Ggain v. *gallon n. game n. gap n. *garage n. garden n. gas n.gate n. gather v. gender n. general a. & n. generation n.*generous a. gentleman n.German n. & a. Germany n.*gesture n.get v.*giant a. & n. gift n.girl n. give v. glad a. glass n. global a.*glue n.go v. goal n. god n. gold n. & a. *golf n. good a. goodbye int. goods n.government n. gradually ad. grandparent n. grass n.*grateful a.grey a. great a. & ad. green a. & n. *greenhouse n. greet v. grocery n. ground n. group n. grow v.*guarantee v. guard n. guess v. guest n. guide v. & n. *gym（=gymnasium） n.Hhabit n.*haircut n.*hairdresser n.*hairdryer n.half a. & n. *halfway ad. & a. hall n.*ham n.*hamburger n.*hammer n. hand n. & v. *handful n. handle n. & v. *handmade a. handsome a.hang v. happen v. happy a.*harbor n.hard a. & ad. hardly ad.*hardware n. harm n. & v. *harvest n. & v. hat n.hate v. have（has）v.he pron. headache n.*headline n.*headmaster n.*headphone n. health n.hear v. heart n.heat n. & v. heavy a.*height n.*helicopter n.help n. & v. *hen n.her pron. here ad. hero n.hers pron. herself pron.hi int. hide v.high a. & ad. *high-tech a.*highway n.hill n.him pron. himself pron. hire v.his pron. history n.hit n. & v. hobby n.hold v.hole n. holiday n.*hollow a.home n. & ad.*homeland n. hometown n. homework n.honest a.honey n.honor n. & v.*hook n. & v. hope n. & v. horse n. hospital n.host n. & v. hostess n.hot a. hotdog n.hotel n.hour n.house n. housewife n. housework n. housing n.how ad. however ad. & conj. hug v.huge a. human n. & a. humor n. hundred n. & a. hungry a.*hunt v.hurry v.hurt v. husband n.II pron. ice n.ice-cream n. idea n.if conj.*ignore v.ill a.illness n.image n. imagine v.import v. & n. important a. impossible a.*impress v. improve v.in prep. & ad. inch n. include v. income n. increase v. & n. indeed ad. independent a.India n.Indian n. & a.*indoor a. industry n.*infect v.*informal a. information n.*ink n.*inn n.*input n. & v.*insect n.*insert v.inside prep. & ad.install v. instead ad. instruction n.*instrument n. insurance n. interest n. interesting a. international a. Internet n.*interrupt v. interview n. & v. *interviewee n.*interviewer n. into prep. introduce v. invent v.*invest v. invite v.*invoice n.*involve v.*iron n. & v. island n.*issue n.IT n.it pron. Italy n. Italian n. & a. item n.its pron. itself pron.Jjacket n. jam n. January n. Japan n.Japanese n. & a. *jaw n.*jazz n. jeans n.*jet n. *jewelry n. job n. *jogging n. join v. joke n. journey n. joy n.judge n. & v. juice n.July n. jump n. & v. June n.*junior a.just a. & ad. K*keen a. keep v.*kettle n.key n.*keyboard n. kick v.& n. kid n.kill v.*kilogram（=kg）n. kilometer（=km）n. kind n. & a.*kindergarten n. king n. kiss v. & n. kitchen n. kite n.*knee n. knife n. knock n. & v. know v. knowledge n.Llab（=laboratory）n. label n. & v. labor n. lack n. & v. *ladder n. lady n. lake n.*lamb n. lamp n. land n. & v. *lane n. language n.*lantern n.lap-top a. & rge a.*laser n.last a. & v. late a. & ad. later a. & ad. latest a.*latter a. laugh n. & v. *laundry n.law n.*lawn n. lawyer n.lay v.lazy a.lead v. & n. leader n.leaf n.league n.*leak v.*lean v.learn v.least a. & n.*leather n.leave v.*lecture n.left a.，ad. & n. leg n.*leisure n.*lemon n .lend v.length n.less a. & ad. lesson n.let v.letter n.level n.library n.*license n.*lid n.lie n. & v.life n.lift v. & n. light n.，v. & a. *lightning n.like v. & prep. likely a.limit v.line n.link v.lip n.*liquid n.list n. & v.listen v.*litter n.& v.little a.live v. & a.lively a.*liver n.living a.*load n.*loaf n.*loan n.& v.lobby n.local a.*location n.lock n. & v.lonely a.long a. & ad.look n. & v.*loose a.lose v.loss n.lost a.lot n.loud a.love n. & v.lovely a.low a. & ad.luck n.lucky a.*luggage n.lunch n.*lung n.*luxury n.Mmachine n.mad a. madam n. magazine n.*magic a.mail n. & v. main a.*mainland n. maintain v.major a.make v.male a. & n. man n. manage v. manager n. manner n.*manufacture v.many pron. & a. map n. march n. & v. March n.mark n. & v. market n. marriage n.marry v.*massage n. & v. master v.match v. & n. mate n. material n.*mathematics（=maths）n. matter n. & v.*Maximum（=max） a. & n. May n.may modal v. maybe ad. mayor n.me pron. meal n.mean v. meaning n. means n. measure v. & n. meat n.*mechanic n. medal n. medical a. medicine n.*medium（pl media）n.meet v. meeting n.*melon n.*melt v. member n.*memo n. memory n. mention n. & v. menu n. message n.metal n. & a. meter n. method n.*microwave n. middle n.might modal v. *mild a.mile n.milk n. million n.mind n. & v. mine pron.*minimum a. & n.*minus prep. & a. minute n.mirror n.miss v.Miss n.mistake n.mix v.mobile a. & n. model n.modern a. moment n. Monday n.money n.*monitor n.month n.moon n.*mop n. & v. more a.，ad. & n. *moreover ad. morning n.most a.，ad. & n. mother n.motor n.*motto n. mountain n. mouth n. move v. movement n. movie n.Mr n.Mrs n.Ms n. much a. & ad. *mud n. museum n.*mushroom n. music n.*musician n. must modal v. *mutton n.my pron. myself pron.Nname n. & v. narrow a.nation n.national a.*nationality n.native a.natural a.nature n.*naughty a.near a.，ad. & prep. *nearby a.nearly ad.*neat a.necessary a.neck n.need n. & v.*needle n.neighbor n.neither a.，conj. & ad. *nephew n.nervous a.network n.never ad.new a.news n. newspaper n.next a. & ad.nice a.*niece n.night n.nine a. & n. nineteen a. & n. nineteenth a.，ad. & n. ninetieth a.，ad. & n. ninety a. & n. ninth a.，ad. & n. no ad. & a. nobody n. & pron. nod v.noise n.noisy a.none pron. noodle n.nor conj. normal a.north a.，ad.& n. northern a.nose n.not ad.note n. & v. notebook n.nothing n. & pron. notice n. & v. novel n. November n.now ad.*nowadays ad. number n.nurse n.*nut n.O*obey v.object n. obvious a.*occupation n.ocean n.o'clock n. October n.odd a. & ad.of prep.off prep. & ad. offer n. & v. office n.officer n.official n. & a. often ad.oh int.oil n.OK a. & ad. old a.*Olympic a. & n.on prep. & ad. once n.，ad. & conj. one pron.oneself pron.*onion n.online a. & ad.only a. & ad.open a. & v.opera n.operate v.operation n.operator n.opinion n.*opportunity n.or conj.*oral a.orange n. & a.order n. & v. ordinary a. organization n.organize v.other pron. & a. *otherwise ad.our pron. ours pron. ourselves pron.out ad.*outdoor a.*output n. outside ad. & prep. *outstanding a.over prep. & ad. own a. & v. owner n.Ppack n. & v. package n.page n.pain n.paint n. & v. painting n.pair n.pal n.palace n.pale a.*pan n.paper n.*paragraph n.*parcel n.parent n.park n. & v.part n. & a. partner n.party n.pass v.passage n. passenger n.*passport n. password n.past a.，n. & prep. path n.patient a.pause n. & v.pay v. & n. *PC（=personal computer）n.PE（=physical education）n.*pea n. peace n. pen n. pencil n.*penny n. People n. percent n. perfect a. perform v. performance n. perhaps ad. period n.*permit v. person n. personal a. persuade v.pet n. phone（=telephone）v. & n. photo（=photograph）n. physical a. pick v.*picnic n. picture n.*pie n.piece n.pig n.pill n.pillow n.*pilot n.*pin n. & v. pink a.*pioneer n.pipe n.pity n.*pizza n.place n. & v.*plain a. & n. plan n. & v. plane n.plant v. & n. plastic a.plate n. platform n.play v. & n. pleasant a. please v. pleased a. pleasure n.plenty n. plumber n.plus prep. & a. pm/p.m.，PM/P.M. n. pocket n.point v. & n.*poisonous a.*pole n.police n. policeman/woman n.polite a.*pollute v.pollution n.*pond n. pool n. poor a.*pop n. popular a. population n.*pork n.*port n. position n. possible a. post v. & n. *postcard n.*poster n.pot n. potato n. pound n. pour v. powder n. powerful a.*practical a. practice n. & v. praise n. & v. *pray v.*precious a. prefer v. prepare v. present a. & n. *presentation n. president n. press v. & n. pressure n.*pretend v. pretty a. price n. pride n. primary a.print v. printer n. private a. prize n. probably ad. problem n. process n. & v. produce v. product n. production n. professional a.*professor n. program n. progress n. project n.*proper a.*property n.protect v. proud a. prove v. provide v. province n. public a. & n. publish v.*pudding n.pull v. & n. *pumpkin n.*pupil n. pure a. purple n. & a. purpose n.*purse n. push n. & v. put v.Qquality n. quantity n. quarter n. question v. & n. *queue n. & v.quick a. & ad. quiet a.*quit v. quite ad.*quiz n.Rrace v. & n. radio n. railway n. rain n. & v. raise v. range n. & v. rapid a. rate n. & v. rather ad. raw a. reach v.read v. ready a. real a. realize v. really ad. reason n. *receipt n. receive v. recent a. *reception n. *recognize v.record n. recover v.red n. & a. reduce v. refuse v. region n.*register n. & v. regret n. & v. regular a. reject v. relation n. relax v.*relay n. & v. remain v. remember v. remind v. rent n. & v. repair n. & v. repeat v. reply n. report n. & v. reporter n. represent v. require v. research n.*reservation n. respect v. & n. *responsible a. rest n. & v. restaurant n. result n.*resume n. retell v. return v. review v. & n. *reward n. rice n.rich a.ride v. & n.right n.，a. & ad. ring v. & n.*ripe a.rise v.risk n. & v.river n.road n.*roast v.& n.*rob v.*robber n.*robot n.rock n.*rocket n.role n.roll v. & n. romantic a.*roof n.room n.root n.*rope n.rose n.round ad.，prep. & a. route n.row n. & v.*rub v.*rubber n.*rubbish n.*rude a.rule n. & v.*ruler n.run v.rush v.Russia n.Russian n. & a.S sad a.safe a.safety n.sail n. & v.*sailor n.*salad n.salary n.sale n.salt n.*salty a.same n. & a.sample n.sand n.sandwich n.*satellite n.*satisfy v.Saturday n.sauce n.*sausage n.save v.say v.scene n.*scenery n.schedule n .school n.science n.scientific a.scientist n.*scissors n.score n. & v.screen n.sea n.*seal n. & v.search n. & v.season n.seat n.second a.，ad. & n.secret n. secretary n.*section n.see v.seed n.*seek v.seem v.*seize v.*seldom ad.select v.sell v.send v.senior a.sense n. sentence n. separate v. & a. September n.serious a.serve v.service n.set v. & n. seven a. & n. several pron. & a. shade n.shadow n.shake v.shall modal v. shape n. & v. share v.sharp a.*shave v.she pron. sheet n.*shelf n.*shell n.ship n. & v.shirt n.shock v.shoe n.shoot v. & n.shop v. & n.*shore n.short a.should modal v. shoulder n.shout n. & v.show v. & n.shower n.shut v.shy a.sick a.side n.sidewalk n.sight n.*sightseeing n.sign n.signal n.*signature n.silence n.silent a.silk n.*silly a.silver n.similar a.simple a.since ad.，conj. & prep sing v.single a.*sink v. & n.sir n.sister n.sit v. situation n.six a. & n. size n.*skate v.*ski v.skill n.skin n.skirt n.sky n.sleep n.*sleeve n.*slide n. & v. slight a.slim a.slip n. & v. slow a.small a.smart a.smell v. & n. smile n. & v. smoke n. & v.*smooth a.*sneaker n.snow n. & v.so ad. & conj. *soap n.soccer n.social a. society n.*sock n.sofa n.soft a. software n.soil n.soldier n.solid a. & n. solution n.solve v.some a. & pron. somebody pron. someone pron. something pron. sometimes ad.*somewhere ad.son n.song n.soon ad.sorry a.sort n.sound v. & n. soup n.*sour a.south a.，ad. & n. southern a.*souvenir n.space n.*spaceship n.Spain n. Spanish n. & a.*spare a.speak v.speaker n.special a.speech n.speed n. & v. spell v.spend v.spirit n.*spit v.*spoil v.*spoon n.sport n.sportswear n.*spray n. & v. spread v. spring n. square n. & a. *stadium n.staff n. stage n.stair n. stamp n. stand v. & n. standard n. & a. star n.start v. state n. statement n. station n.*stationery n.stay n. & v. *steady a. steak n. steal v.*steam n. steel n.step n. & v. *steward n.stick v. & n. still a. & ad. stock n. & v. stomach n. stone n.stop n. & v. *storage n. store n. & v. *storey n. storm n. story n.*stove n.straight a. & ad. strange a.*strawberry n.*stream n.street n.strength n.stress n. & v.*stretch v. & n.strict a.strike v. & n.*string n.strong a.student n.studio n.study v. & n.stupid a.style n.subject n.*suburb n.*subway n.succeed v.success n. successful a.such ad.，pron. & a. *suck v.suddenly ad.suffer v.sugar n.suggest v. suggestion n.suit v. & n. suitable a.*suitcase n.*suite n.sum v.*summary n. summer n.sun n. Sunday n. sunny a. sunshine n. super a. supermarket n. supper n. supply v. & n. support v. & n. sure a. & ad. *surf v. & n. surface n. surprise v. & n. surprised a. surround v. survey v. & n. suspect n.*swallow v.*swear v.*sweat n. & v. *sweater n. sweep v. sweet n. & a. swim v.*swing v. & n. switch v. & n. *symbol n.*sympathy n. System n.Ttable n.*tablet n.*tag n.tail n.*tailor n. take v.*tale n.*talent n.talk n. & v. tall a.*tank n.tap n. tape n. target n. & v. task n. taste n. & v. *tasty a.tax n.taxi n.tea n. teach v. teacher n. team n. tear n. & v. *technical a.*technician n.*technique n. technology n. teenager n. telephone n. & v. tell v. temperature n.*temple n.ten a. & n. *tender a. tennis n.*tense a.*tent n. term n.*terminal n.terrible a.test v. & n.text n.textbook n.*textile n.than conj.thank v. & n.that a.，pron.，conj. & ad. the art.their pron.*theirs pron.them pron.*theme n. themselves pron.then ad.there int.，n. & ad. therefore ad.these a. & pron. they pron.thick a.thief n.thin a.thing n.think v.third a.，ad. & n. *thirsty a.thirteen a. & n.thirty a. & n.this a. & pron.*thorough a.those a. & pron. though conj. thousand a. & n.*thread n.three a. & n.throat n.through prep. & ad. throughout prep.throw v.*thumb n.*thunder n. & v. Thursday n.thus ad.*tick v.ticket n.*tide n.tidy a. & v.tie v. & n.tight a.*till conj. & prep. time n. & v. timetable n.*timid a.*tin n.*tiny a.tip n. & v.tired a.*tissue n.title n.to prep.*toast v. & n. today ad. & n.*toe n.tofu n.together ad.toilet n. tomorrow ad. & n.ton n.*tone n.tonight ad. & n.too ad.tool n.tooth n. toothbrush n. toothpaste n.top a. & n. topic n.*torch n.total a.，n. & v. touch v.tour n.tourist n. toward（s）prep.*towel n.tower n.town n.toy n.track v. & n. trade n. & v.*tradition n. traditional a.traffic n.train n. & v.*tram n. transfer v.*translate v. transport n. & v.*transportation n.travel n. & v.*tray n. & v.*treasure n.treat v. treatment n.tree n.*trend n.*trick n.trip n. trouble v. & n. trousers n.。
2012年湖南高考英语试题情感、态度和价值观体现
2012年湖南高考英语试题情感、态度和价值观的体现摘要：对“情感态度与价值观”的考查是近年来高考试题改革的一个“亮点”。
新一轮课程改革刚刚开始的时候，就明确地提出了要以高考的改革来推动课程改革。
2012年湖南高考英语高考试题巧妙地实现了语言与现实的有机契合，体现了人文学科的社会功能，使试题具有浓郁的时代气息，起到了引导学生开阔视野、关心国家大事和人类命运的效果。
关键词：情感态度与价值观；湖南高考英语；文化意识；社会热点《2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试湖南卷考试说明》指出，湖南省2012年高考命题将着力于选拔具有创新意识和实践能力的人才，在进一步处理好“知识与技能”考查的同时，加大“过程与方法”的考查力度，兼顾“情感态度、价值观”的考查，加大由“知识立意向能力素质立意转变的力度”。
所谓“情感态度、价值观”关注的是“形成积极的学习态度，健康向上的人生态度，具有科学精神和正确的世界观、人生观、价值观，成为有责任感和使命感的社会公民等”。
这也正是我们教育所应培养的适合现代社会发展的人才。
2012年湖南高考英语试题是如何来体现情感、态度和价值观这个目标呢？我谈一下个人的见解。
一、关注价值取向，引导真善美《普通高中英语课程标准》的核心在于培养学生的创新精神和实践能力，引导学生形成健全的情感、态度和价值观。
整卷很好地体现了这一精神，听力理解第一段材料、第四段材料以及第六段材料话题涉及尊老、诚实守信、做错事情要道歉等；单项选择第23、25、26、和35小题话题涉及正确使用时间、克服恐惧、增强自信、友好待人、心灵护理等；完形填空（ii）是一篇关于友谊的题材，阅读理解a篇讲述了作者用心做了一份礼物送给爸爸，简答题讲述了作者第一次打工的经历，这一切旨在倡导学生增强责任感，发扬中华民族的传统美德。
这样的试题，在考查学生语言能力的同时，也能陶冶他们的情操，净化他们的心灵。
总之，阅读这些材料能够让学生受益匪浅，有利于引导学生树立较强的自信心，培养克服困难的意志，乐于与他人合作，养成健康向上的品格，养成健康的人生观，这符合新课程注重培养学生情感态度价值观的理念。
2012年全国高考(湖南卷)英语试题及参考答案
2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（湖南卷）英语PartⅠ Listening Comprehension(30 marks)Section A （22.5 marks）Directions: In this section, you will hear six conversations between two speakers. For each conversation, there are several questions and each question is followed by three choices marked A, B and C. Listen carefully and then choose the best answer for each question.You will hear each conversation TWICE.Example:When will the magazine probably arrive?A. WednesdayB. ThursdayC. FridayThe answer is B.Conversation 11.When does the woman finish work?A. At 6:00B.At 7:00C.At 8:002. What is the man going to do tonight?A. See his parentsB. Watch a new movieC. Go for an appointmentConversation 23. Where does the man play tennis?A. At the universityB. At the clubC. At the community center4. How often does the woman swim?A. Once a weekB. Three times a weekC. Five times a weekConversation 35. What is the man doing?A. Getting dressedB. Having an interviewC. Celebratinga birthday6. What is the probable relationship between the two speaker?A. Parent and childB. Husband and wifeC. Customer and salewomanConversation 47. Why did the man come back late ?A. He went to the bar.B. He met his teacher.C. He played basketball.8. What did the woman do this morning?A. She took a physics test.B. She had a meetingC. She held a party9. What will the woman probably do after the conversation?A. See her friendsB. Go to the schoolC. Prepare dinner Conversation 510.Where did the woman grow up?A. In Switzerland.B.In the UK.C. In France.11. Which of the following does the woman like best about Weybridge?A. Its sceneryB. Its peopleC.Its facilities12. What does the man do?A.A teacherB.A hostC.A tour guideConversation 613. Why is the woman upset?A. The man didn’t apologizeB. The man didn’t turn up.C. The man didn’t call.14. Who is the man speaking to?A. A waitress.B.A professorC.A doctor15. When will the two speakers see each other?A. On TuesdayB. On ThursdayC. On FridaySectin B（7.5 marks）Directions: In this section, you will hear a short passage.listen carefully and then fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Fill in each blank with NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS.Part Ⅱ Language Knowledge （45 marks）Section A （15 marks）Directions: For each of the following unfinished sentences there are four choices marker A,B,C and D. Choose the one that best couplets the sentences.Example:The wild flowers looked like a soft orange blanket the desert.A. coveringB. coveredC. coverD. to cover。
普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语(湖南卷,含答案)
普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语（湖南卷，含答案）第一部分：听力（共三节，满分30分）做听力部分时，请先在试题卷上作答。
听力部分结束前，你将有两分钟的时间将第1至第17小题的答案转涂到答题卡上，将第18至第20小题的答案转写到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试题卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?A. £19.15.B. £9.15.C. £9.18.答案是B。
1．What does the man mean?A. It will take about one month to repair the watch.B. It costs too much to have the watch repaired.C. The watch is no longer worth repairing. 【C】2．When will they get there for the play?A. 9:00.B. 10:00.C. 10:30. 【B】3．Why can’t the man concentrate on his study?A. He keeps thinking of going to the movies.B. His classmates are taking a break.C. He’s been studying for too long. 【C】4．What is the man going to do?A. Go to the Chinese restaurant.B. Watch the football game.C. Visit a friend downtown. 【A】5．What do you know about Frank?A. He will arrive in Chicago this morning.B. He will send Ms. Tyler an e-mail.C. He will call Ms. Tyler himself. 【B】第二节（共12小题；每小题1.5分，满分18分）听下面4段对话。
2023年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语试题(新课标全国 I卷)
2023年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语试题（新课标全国I卷）适用考区：福建、广东、河北、湖北、湖南、江苏、山东、浙江本试卷共12页。
考试结束后, 将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
注意事项: 1. 答题前, 考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚, 将条形码准确粘贴在考生信息条形码粘贴区。
2. 选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂; 非选择题必须使用0.5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写, 字体工整、笔迹清楚。
3. 请按照题号顺序在答题卡各题目的答题区域内作答, 超出答题区域书写的答案无效; 在草稿纸、试卷上答题无效。
4. 作图可先使用铅笔画出, 确定后必须用黑色字迹的签字笔描黑。
5. 保持卡面清洁, 不要折叠, 不要弄破、弄皱, 不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。
第一部分听力（1-20小题）在笔试结束后进行。
第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
ABike Rental & Guided ToursWelcome to Amsterdam, welcome to MacBike. You see much more from the seat of a bike! Cycling is the most economical, sustainable and fun way to explore the city, with its beautiful canals, parks, squares and countless lights. You can also bike along lovely landscapes outside of Amsterdam.Why MacBikeMacBike has been around for almost 30 years and is the biggest bicycle rental company in Amsterdam. With over 2,500 bikes stored in our five rental shops at strategic locations, we make sure there is always a bike available for you. We offer the newest bicycles in a wide variety, including basic bikes with foot brake (刹车), bikes with hand brake and gears (排挡), bikes with child seats, and children’s bikes.PricesOver the years, John has taken on many big jobs. He developed a greenhouse — like facility that treated sewage (污水) from 1,600 homes in South Burlington. He also designed an eco-machine to clean canal water in Fuzhou, a city in southeast China.“Ecological design” is the name John gives to what he does. “Life on Earth is kind of a box of spare parts for the inventor,” he says. “You put organis ms in new relationships and observe what’s happening. Then you let these new systems develop their own ways to self-repair.”4．What can we learn about John from the first two paragraphs?A．He was fond of traveling. B．He enjoyed being alone.C．He had an inquiring mind. D．He longed to be a doctor.5．Why did John put the sludge into the tanks?A．To feed the animals. B．To build an ecosystem.C．To protect the plants. D．To test the eco-machine.6．What is the author’s purpose in mentioning Fuzhou?A．To review John’s research plans. B．To show an application of John’s idea.C．To compare John’s different jobs. D．To erase doubts about John’s invention. 7．What is the basis for John’s work?A．Nature can repair itself. B．Organisms need water to survive.C．Life on Earth is diverse. D．Most tiny creatures live in groups.CThe goal of this book is to make the case for digital minimalism, including a detailed exploration of what it asks and why it works, and then to teach you how to adopt this philosophy if you decide it’s rig ht for you.To do so, I divided the book into two parts. In part one, I describe the philosophical foundations of digital minimalism, starting with an examination of the forces that are making so many people’s digital lives increasingly intolerable, before moving on to a detailed discussion of the digital minimalism philosophy.Part one concludes by introducing my suggested method for adopting this philosophy: the digital declutter. This process requires you to step away from optional online activities for thirty days. At the end of the thirty days, you will then add back a small number of carefully chosen online activities that you believe will provide massive benefits to the things you value.In the final chapter of part one, I’ll guide you through carryin g out your own digital declutter. In doing so, I’ll draw on an experiment I ran in 2018 in which over 1,600 people agreed to perform a digital declutter. You’ll hear these participants’ stories and learn what strategies worked well for them, and what traps they encountered that you should avoid.The second part of this book takes a closer look at some ideas that will help you cultivate (培养) a sustainable digital minimalism lifestyle. In these chapters, I examine issues such as the importance of solitude (独处) and the necessity of cultivating high-quality leisure to replace the time most now spend on mindless device use. Each chapter concludes with a collection of practices, which are designed to help you act on the big ideas of the chapter. You can view these practices as a toolbox meant to aid your efforts to build a minimalist lifestyle that words for your particular circumstances.8．What is the book aimed at?A．Teaching critical thinking skills. B．Advocating a simple digital lifestyle. C．Solving philosophical problems. D．Promoting the use of a digital device.9．What does the underlined word “declutter” in paragraph 3 mean?A．Clear-up. B．Add-on. C．Check-in. D．Take-over.10．What is presented in the final chapter of part one?A．Theoretical models. B．Statistical methods.C．Practical examples. D．Historical analyses.11．What does the author suggest readers do with the practices offered in part two? A．Use them as needed. B．Recommend them to friends.C．Evaluate their effects. D．Identify the ideas behind them.DOn March 7, 1907, the English statistician Francis Galton published a paper which illustrated what has come to be known as the “wisdom of crowds” effect. The experiment of estimation he conducted showed that in some cases, the average of a large number of independent estimates could be quite accurate.This effect capitalizes on the fact that when people make errors, those errors aren’t always the same. Some people will tend to overestimate, and some to underestimate. When enough of these errors are averaged together, they cancel each other out, resulting in a more accurate estimate. If people are similar and tend to make the same errors, then their errors won’t cancel each other out. In more technical terms, the wisdom of crowds requires that people’s estimates be independent. If for whatever reasons, people’s errors become correlated or dependent, the accuracy of the estimate will go down.But a new study led by Joaquin Navajas offered an interesting twist (转折) on this classic phenomenon. The key finding of the study was that when crowds were further divided into smaller groups that were allowed to have a discussion, the averages from these groups were more accurate than those from an equal number of independent individuals. For instance, the average obtained from the estimates of four discussion groups of five was significantly more accurate than the average obtained from 20 independent individuals.In a follow-up study with 100 university students, the researchers tried to get a better sense of what the group members actually did in their discussion. Did they tend to go with those most confident about their estimates? Did they follow those least willing to change their minds? This happened some of the time, but it wasn’t the dominant response. Most frequently, the groups reported that they “shared arguments and reasoned together.” Somehow, these arguments and reasoning resulted in a global reduction in error. Although the studies led by Navajas have limitations and many questions remain the potential implications for group discussion and decision-making are enormous.12．What is paragraph 2 of the text mainly about?A．The methods of estimation. B．The underlying logic of the effect.C．The causes of people’s errors. D．The design of Galton’s experiment. 13．Navajas’ study found that the average accuracy could increase even if ________. A．the crowds were relatively small B．there were occasional underestimates C．individuals did not communicate D．estimates were not fully independent14．What did the follow-up study focus on?A．The size of the groups. B．The dominant members.C．The discussion process. D．The individual estimates.15．What is the author’s attitude toward Navajas’ studies?A．Unclear. B．Dismissive. C．Doubtful. D．Approving.第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
湖南省普通高等学校对口招生考试英语考纲
湖南省普通高等学校对口招生考试英语考试基本要求和考试大纲一、考试基本要求（一）基本知识和基本技能的考试要求以达到2009年教育部颁发的《中等职业学校英语教学大纲》（以下简称《教学大纲》）中拓展模块的教学要求为测试目标，要求考生掌握一定的英语基础知识，并具备听、说、读、写、译的基本技能。
（二）应用能力的考试要求1、听说能力：测试考生的基本听力及运用英语在日常生活和职业场景中进行交际的能力。
2、阅读能力：测试考生阅读简单英文材料获取所需信息的能力。
3、翻译能力：测试考生翻译简单职场用语的能力。
4、写作能力：测试考生运用英语简要描述事物特征、事件经过及撰写常见应用文的能力。
（三）突出职业教育特点的考试要求1、以实用为原则，测试考生将语言基本知识转化为实际交际技能的能力。
2、以日常交际、求职、就业够用为原则，测试考生英语综合素质和继续学习的能力。
二、考试内容考试范围涵盖《教学大纲》中基础模块、拓展模块与职业模块的内容，各模块比例为7:2:1。
（一）语言知识1、词汇掌握2200个左右单词（含九年义务教育阶段的词汇）及400个左右习惯用语和固定搭配；能根据基本的构词法自主扩展词汇量。
（词汇表参见《教学大纲》）2、语法掌握“语法项目表”（见附录）中各语法项目的基本用法。
3、交际用语掌握“日常交际用语简表”（见附录）中16个功能项目和10个“话题”（见附录）的常用表达法。
（二）语言技能1、听的能力能听懂日常生活话题的简短独白和对话；能理解所听内容的主旨要义；能获取事实性的具体信息，对所听内容能做出简单推断，并能理解说话者的意图、观点或态度；能听懂职业场景中的活动安排及会话。
2、说的能力能运用“日常交际用语简表”中的表达法进行基本交际；能围绕“话题”中的内容进行初步交流，并符合英美文化习俗。
3、读的能力能读懂生词率不超过3%的英文材料；能正确理解文中单词和单个句子的字面意义，能判断和推导它们的语境意义；能理解上下文的逻辑关系；能了解文章所述的基本事实；能掌握所读材料的主旨和大意。
2024届湖南省普通高等学校招生全国统一考试考前演练二英语(3)
1. What does the woman ask the man to do?A．Look after her kid.B．Buy lunch for her.C．Keep an eye on her stuff.2. Where does this conversation most probably take place?A．In a barbershop.B．In a cinema.C．In a library.3. When is the project supposed to be finished?A．At 12:00.B．At 11:00.C．Before 10:00.4. How many people are there in the room?A．10B．13C．125. What time is it now?A．9: 00.B．9: 10.C．10: 00.二、听力选择题6. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
1. Where does the woman want to go?A．To Disneyland.B．To Shanghai University.C．To the Oriental Pearl Tower.2. What will the speakers probably do next?A．Cancel their flight.B．Call their neighbors.C．Order a taxi.7. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
1. What does the woman want to do?A．Rent a storage locker.B．Have some machines maintained.C．Dispose of some documents.2. What is the woman concerned about?A．Whether the bins are secure.B．Whether a lock is available.C．Whether a truck is sent.3. How often does the woman want a service?A．Daily.B．Weekly.C．Monthly.8. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
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2012年普通高等学校夏季招生考试英语湖南卷第一部分：听力（共三节，满分30分）做听力部分时，请先在试题卷上作答。
听力部分结束前，你将有两分钟的时间将第1至第17小题的答案转涂到答题卡上，将第18至第20小题的答案转写到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试题卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.15.C.￡9.18.答案是B。
1.Where will the man go for holiday?A.France.B.Egypt.C.Austria.2.Why did the man make the phone call?A.His luggage was lost.B.His plane was late.C.His office was locked.3.How much is a two-term course?A.＄50B.＄90C. ＄1204.What does the man mean?A.He will not cook dinner.B.He isn‟t good at cooking fish.C.He prefers not to cook the fish.5.When will the man probably get to London?A.At 8 o‟clock.B.At 9 o‟clock.C.At 10 o‟clock.第二节（共12小题；每小题1.5分，满分18分）听下面4段对话。
每段对话后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
并标在试题卷的相应位置。
听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
每段对话读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。
6.What can we learn from the dialogue?A.The woman was badly hurt.B.The car was terribly damaged.C.The kids were seriously injured.7.What was the woman thinking about?A.Getting the car repaired.B.Selling the damaged car.C.Buying a second-hand car.听下面一段对话，回答第8至第10三个小题。
8.What do we know about the man?A.He wrote three essays last week.B.He went to the beach with friends.C.He drank late at a restaurant every night.9.What did the woman do on Saturday?A.She drove with a friend.B.She watched movies.C.She played tennis.10.Which word can best describe the woman‟s last week?A. Quiet.B. Enjoyable.C. Unforgettable.听下面一段对话，回答第11至第13三个小题。
11.On which day are the ticket available to the man?A.October 3.B.October 4.C.October 5.12.How much will the man pay if he books the ticket?A.￡35.B.￡36.C.￡37.13.What can be inferred about the man?A.He was angry with the woman.B.He thought the price was reasonable.C.He gave up the idea of booking the ticket.听下面一段对话，回答第14至第17四个小题。
14.What is the relationship between the two speakers?A.Writer and reader.B.Teacher and student.C.Interviewer and interviewee.15.How long did it take Tina to write the story?A.A whole day.B.About two hours.C.Ninety minutes.16.What do we know about the story?A.It‟s about Fred.B.It‟s about a party.C.It‟s about success.17.What can we learn about Tina?A.She has just been back from abroad..B.She had a party for everyone in her street.C.She won a writing competition unexpectedly.第三节（共3小题；每小题1.5分，满分4.5分）听下面一段材料，将第18至第20三个小题的信息补充完整。
每小题不超过三个单词。
听材料前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟，听完后，各小题将给出15秒钟的作答时间。
本段材料读两遍。
第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节单词填空（共15小题；每小题１分，满分１５分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
例：It is generally considered unwise to give a child__________ he or she wants.A. howeverB. whateverC. whicheverD. whenever答案是B。
21.The wild flowers looked like a soft orange blanket__________ the desert.A. coveringB. coveredC. coverD. to cover22.In___________ review of 44 studies, American researchers found that men and women who ate six key foods daily cut the risk of___________ heart disease by 76%.A. a; theB. the;aC. a ;不填D.不填;a23.A man cannot smile like a child,_________a child smiles with his eyes ,while a man smiles with his lips alone.A.soB.butC.andD.for24.I was giving a talk to a large group of people,the same talk I __________to half a dozen other groups.A.was givingB.am givingC.had givenD.have given25.Fred,who had expected how it would go with his daughter,had a great worry________his mind.A.onB.inC.withD.at26.As the busiest woman in Norton, she made_________her duty to look after all the other people‟s affairs in that town.A.thisB.thatC.oneD.it27.________achievement,last week‟s ministerial meeting of the WTO here earned a low, though not failing ,grade.A.In terms ofB.In case of B.As a result of D.In face of28.If you think that treating a woman well means always_______her permission for things,think again.A.getsB.gotC.to getD.getting29.Although she did not know Boston well,she made her way________ to the Home Circle Building.A.easy enoughB.enough easyC.easily enoughD.enough easily30.We saw several natives advancing towards our party,and one of them came up to us, ________we gave some bells and glasses.A.to whichB.to whomC.with whomD.with which31.I had just stepped out of the bathroom and was busily drying myself with a towel_________I heard the steps.A.whileB.whenC.sinceD.after32.Some aspects of a pilot‟s job__________be boring,and pilots often____________work at inconvenient hours.A.can;have toB.may;canC.have to;mayD.ought to;must33. As the twentieth century came to a close ,the raw materials for a great national literature were at hand,waiting___________.A.to useB.to be usedC.to have usedD.to be using34.With his work completed,the businessman stepped back to his seat,feeling pleased________he was a man of action.A.whichB.thatC.whatD.whether35.In a room above the store, where a party__________,some workers were busily setting the table.A.was to be heldB.has been heldC.will be heldD.is being held第二节完型填空（共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从36~55各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。