高中英语虚拟语气语法2016PPT课件
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虚拟语气公开课全PPT课件
将来虚拟语气
总结词
表示与将来事实相反的情况
详细描述
在从句中使用一般过去时或 “were to+动词原形”,主句中 使用“would+动词原形”,表示 与将来实际情况相反的情况,常 用于表达预测、期望等情感。
混合虚拟语气
总结词
表示与过去、现在或将来事实相反的 情况
详细描述
在从句和主句中分别使用不同的时间 点的虚拟语气形式,表示与过去、现 在或将来实际情况相反的情况,常用 于表达复杂的假设、期望等情感。
在定语从句和主句中的用法
在定语从句和主句中,虚拟语气也有特定的用法。在 定语从句中,虚拟语气通常用于修饰名词或代词,表 达对某种情况的假设或想象。
例如,“I have a dream that one day this nation will rise up and live out the true meaning of its creed: 'We hold these truths to be self-evident: that all men are created equal.'”(我有一个梦想 ,有一天这个国家会站起来并实现其信条的真正含义 :我们认为这些真理是不言而喻的:所有的人生来平 等。)在主句中,虚拟语气通常用于表达对某种情况 的祝愿或假设。
02
在省略句中,虚拟语气通常出现在被省略的部分,表示与实际情况相反的情况 或结果。
03
例如,“If he had known the answer, he would have told you.”这句话省 略了“he had known the answer”的部分,只保留了关键信息“he would have told you”,表示“如果他知道了答案,他会告诉你的”。
高中英语语法课件_虚拟语气(全)(共55张PPT)详解
解题思路
本题前半句是表示与过去事实相反的虚拟条件 从句,后半句是表示与过去事实相反的主句。 相当于:If he had worked harder, he would have got through the exams.本题的 答案是B. would have got through。 选项A. must have got through(肯定通过) 表示一种对过去事情的主观推测,不是与过去 事情相反的情况。另外,must不能用在虚拟条 件句中。 选项C. 和D. would / could get through (就会通过)是虚拟语气现在时的一种表示方 法,表示与现在事实相反。
为什么要学习虚拟语气?
虚拟语气是四级考试中重点考察的语法 点。历年四级考试中,仅仅单项填空部
分就一共出现了48道虚拟语气的题 目!!!
II. 虚拟语气的最基本形式
非真实性条件句是虚拟语气最基本的表 现形式。
i. 由“if” 来引导的非真实条件句
组成方式: 非真实的条件从句 + 假设结果(主句)
最基本形式的表达方式
语法要点
虚拟语气 Subjunctive Mood
I.什么是语气?
语气是动词的一种形式,用以表示说话 人对某种言行或某种事情的看法或态度。 英语有三种语气:陈述语气,祈使语气 和虚拟语气。 陈述语气一般用来讲述事实或提出疑问。 常常用于陈述句、疑问句和感叹句。 e.g. I took a shower after supper. What are you going to do? What a beautiful flower!
A case in Point
P. 37 (l. 28) in College English II. Unit 3 Were it left to me to decide whether we should have a government without newspapers or newspapers without a government, I should not hesitate a moment to prefer the latter. = If it were left to me to decide…
高中虚拟语气教学PPT课件
advise/suggest/ recommend/propose
+(should ) do
order/command/
request/demand
• 变为:Had you not attended the party, you wouldn't’ t have got to …
• If you should finish your homework on time, your mother would give you a present.
• 变为: Should you finish your homework on time, your mother would give you a present.
事实相反。had +过去分词
uld/might+ have +过去分词
③与将来 1.动词过去式 should/would/co
事实相反。2.should+动词原
3.were to+动词原
uld/might+动词 原形
虚拟条件句中省略if的用法
• 若虚拟条件句中有“were,should, had”时,可以省略 if ,同时把were, should,had 提到主语之前,若无以 上的词则不能这样做。
• ③与将来事实相反。 • 如果她明天的考试不及格,她父亲会
生气的。 If she failed the exam tomorrow, her father would get angry. If she should fail /were to fail the exam, her father would get angry.
• If he were in Beijing now, he would go to the Capital Stadium to watch the match.
英语语法专题:虚拟语气课件(20张ppt)
背景知识:
语气:谓语动词的一种形式,表示说话人的态度和意图.
分类:陈述语气(现实,符合事实)
祈使语气(说话人的建议,请求,命令,邀请)
虚拟语气(动作或状态不是事实,或者是不可能发生的情况,
而是说话人的一种愿望,建议,命令,假设或推测)
e.g. I am a student, so I study hard. 陈述
注2:错综时间条件句
如果虚拟条件主句和从句的动作发生的时间不一致,主句和从句的
谓语动词要根据各自所指的不同时间选择适当的动词形式, 如:
If I were you, I would not have missed the film last
night.
(现在----过去)
If they had started in the early morning, they would arrive in half
“If I could… ,I would…. ” or
“If I were …,I would….”
二. 虚拟语气在名词性从句中的用法 (主,宾,表,同位)
1.宾语从句 a. wish+宾语从句,表示很难实现的愿望
现在 过去 将来
过去式(be动词用were)
过去完成时,或could/would +have done could/would +动词原形
A. was worried
B. should be worried.
4. The teacher insisted Tom ______ to Lily, but Tom insisted
3. If you had come yesterday, you would have met him.
语气:谓语动词的一种形式,表示说话人的态度和意图.
分类:陈述语气(现实,符合事实)
祈使语气(说话人的建议,请求,命令,邀请)
虚拟语气(动作或状态不是事实,或者是不可能发生的情况,
而是说话人的一种愿望,建议,命令,假设或推测)
e.g. I am a student, so I study hard. 陈述
注2:错综时间条件句
如果虚拟条件主句和从句的动作发生的时间不一致,主句和从句的
谓语动词要根据各自所指的不同时间选择适当的动词形式, 如:
If I were you, I would not have missed the film last
night.
(现在----过去)
If they had started in the early morning, they would arrive in half
“If I could… ,I would…. ” or
“If I were …,I would….”
二. 虚拟语气在名词性从句中的用法 (主,宾,表,同位)
1.宾语从句 a. wish+宾语从句,表示很难实现的愿望
现在 过去 将来
过去式(be动词用were)
过去完成时,或could/would +have done could/would +动词原形
A. was worried
B. should be worried.
4. The teacher insisted Tom ______ to Lily, but Tom insisted
3. If you had come yesterday, you would have met him.
高中英语语法讲解——虚拟语气PPT教学课件
3.通过上下文来表示非真实条件句--I was ill that day, otherwise I would have come to see you. 那天我生病了,否则我就来看你了。--You cannot do that. It would ruin your life. 你不能那样做,那会毁了你的一生。--Tom just gives up everything for her. Herry wouldn’t be that silly. 汤姆为她放弃一切,亨利才不会那么傻呢。
1.3. 虚拟语气用于主语从句 1.3.1. 句 型1.表达虚拟语气的主语从句的一般形式为: It is/was +引起虚拟语气的形容词或过去分词+含虚拟语气的主语从句2.这类主语从句常常用于表示要求、建议、命令、请求、提议等,其谓语形式往往为“(should)+动词原形”的形式。在美国,常省略should,而在英国,则往往不省略should。
1.1.5.错综时间非真实条件句 主句表示的动作和从句表示的动作所发生的时间不一致时,动词的形式要根据表示的时间进行调整 ,如果从句表示过去,而主句表示现在,或者从句表示现在,而主句表示过去,可以使用混合虚拟形式.
--If she had taken the doctor’s advice, she wouldn’t be in hospital now. 如果她听从医生建议的话,现在也就 不会住院了。
1.2.虚拟语气用于宾语从句 1.2.1.句型“…wish that…” 在wish后的that宾语从句中:1.如果表示对现在的愿望,从句谓语要使用过去时: (1)从句谓语动词如果是be,则用were形式。 (2)从句谓语动词如果是行为动词,则用过去时形式。--I wish I were a bird. 但愿我是只鸟儿。--I wish you didn’t talk like that. 但愿你没有那样说。
高中英语语法讲解——虚拟语气(共49张PPT)
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
与现在 从 句 did,were, V-ed 事实相反 主 句 would(should,could,might)+v.
与过去 事实相反
从 句 had+V-ed/been 主 句 would(should,could, might)
+ have+v-ed
对未来的 从 句 were to/should+ v 虚拟推测 主 句 would(should,could,might)+v.
--I don’t think he should have done the favor for you. 我觉得他是不会帮你忙的。
1.3. 虚拟语气用于主语从句
1.3.1.
句型
1.表达虚拟语气的主语从句的一般形式为:
It is/was +引起虚拟语气的形容词或过去分 词+含虚拟语气的主语从句
但愿你没有那样说。
2.如果表示对将来的愿望,从句谓语动词 用 “would (could, might )+动词原形” 的形式。
--I wish you would do the favor for me. 但愿你会帮我这个忙。
--I wish I could speak several languages. 但愿我会说好几种语言。
1.2.虚拟语气用于宾语从句
1.2.1.句型“…wish that…”
在wish后的that宾语从句中: 1.如果表示对现在的愿望,从句谓语要使用过去
时: (1)从句谓语动词如果是be,则用were形式。 (2)从句谓语动词如果是行为动词,则用过去
时形式。 --I wish I were a bird. 但愿我是只鸟儿。 --I wish you didn’t talk like that.
与现在 从 句 did,were, V-ed 事实相反 主 句 would(should,could,might)+v.
与过去 事实相反
从 句 had+V-ed/been 主 句 would(should,could, might)
+ have+v-ed
对未来的 从 句 were to/should+ v 虚拟推测 主 句 would(should,could,might)+v.
--I don’t think he should have done the favor for you. 我觉得他是不会帮你忙的。
1.3. 虚拟语气用于主语从句
1.3.1.
句型
1.表达虚拟语气的主语从句的一般形式为:
It is/was +引起虚拟语气的形容词或过去分 词+含虚拟语气的主语从句
但愿你没有那样说。
2.如果表示对将来的愿望,从句谓语动词 用 “would (could, might )+动词原形” 的形式。
--I wish you would do the favor for me. 但愿你会帮我这个忙。
--I wish I could speak several languages. 但愿我会说好几种语言。
1.2.虚拟语气用于宾语从句
1.2.1.句型“…wish that…”
在wish后的that宾语从句中: 1.如果表示对现在的愿望,从句谓语要使用过去
时: (1)从句谓语动词如果是be,则用were形式。 (2)从句谓语动词如果是行为动词,则用过去
时形式。 --I wish I were a bird. 但愿我是只鸟儿。 --I wish you didn’t talk like that.
高中英语虚拟语气课件(共49张)
If he had come ten minutes earlier, he could have met that famous film star.
3.I didn’t take a taxi, for it is five minutes’ walk.
If it___w_e_r_e_n_’t_ five minutes’ walk, I _w__o_u_ld__h_a_v_e_t_a_k_e_n_ a taxi
C 目录 ONTENTS
1
课堂导入
2
知识梳理
3
典型例题
4
课堂练习
5
课堂小结
6
课后作业
什 么 是 虚 拟 语 气?
虚拟语气
I.概念: 虚拟语气是动词的一种特殊形式,用来表示 所说的话不是事实,或者是不可能发生或可 能性很小的情况,而是一种愿望,建议,假 设的语气叫虚拟语气。
II.英语动词有三种语气 陈述语气,祈使语气和虚拟语气.
1.表示与现在 事实相反
if 从 句
动词过去式 did (be用were)
主句
would (should, could, might)+动词原形
1.I don’t have a car and I’m not happy. If I __h_a_d___(have)a car, I __w_o__u_ld__b_e__(be)very happy
( B )1. _______he come , the problem would be settled. A Would B Should C. Shall D. If
(C
)2._____ you ________last Wednesday, you might know it well now.
3.I didn’t take a taxi, for it is five minutes’ walk.
If it___w_e_r_e_n_’t_ five minutes’ walk, I _w__o_u_ld__h_a_v_e_t_a_k_e_n_ a taxi
C 目录 ONTENTS
1
课堂导入
2
知识梳理
3
典型例题
4
课堂练习
5
课堂小结
6
课后作业
什 么 是 虚 拟 语 气?
虚拟语气
I.概念: 虚拟语气是动词的一种特殊形式,用来表示 所说的话不是事实,或者是不可能发生或可 能性很小的情况,而是一种愿望,建议,假 设的语气叫虚拟语气。
II.英语动词有三种语气 陈述语气,祈使语气和虚拟语气.
1.表示与现在 事实相反
if 从 句
动词过去式 did (be用were)
主句
would (should, could, might)+动词原形
1.I don’t have a car and I’m not happy. If I __h_a_d___(have)a car, I __w_o__u_ld__b_e__(be)very happy
( B )1. _______he come , the problem would be settled. A Would B Should C. Shall D. If
(C
)2._____ you ________last Wednesday, you might know it well now.
虚拟语气完整课件
在宾语从句中的使用
01
在某些动词后的宾语从句中,需 要使用虚拟语气,如suggest、 propose、demand等。
02
虚拟语气在宾语从句中的形式与 条件状语从句中的形式相同,根 据所表示的时间不同,使用不同 的动词形式。
在主语从句中的使用
在主语从句中,有时需要使用虚拟语 气,尤其是表示建议、要求、命令等 含义的主语从句。
07
CATALOGUE
虚拟语气在英语口语中的应用
在日常对话中的应用
日常建议
在给朋友提供建议时,可以使用 虚拟语气来表达更委婉的建议,
例如“If I were you, I would consider postponing the meeting.”
礼貌拒绝
当需要拒绝对方请求时,可以使用 虚拟语气来表达更加委婉的语气, 例如“I wish I could help you, but I'm afraid I can't.”
在虚拟语气中,如果所描述的情况是与将来事实相反的,那么条件句可以使用would+动词原形,主句使用 would+动词原形。例如:“If you would come tomorrow, we would have the meeting.”
混合虚拟语气
总结词
表示与过去、现在或将来事实相反的情 况
VS
,提高自己的语法运用能力。
06
CATALOGUE
虚拟语气在英语写作中的应用
在议论文中的应用
要点一
总结词
在议论文中,虚拟语气常用于表达假设条件或个人观点, 强调与事实相反的情况。
要点二
详细描述
在议论文中,作者可以使用虚拟语气来提出与现实相反的 情况,以强调自己的观点或反驳对方的观点。例如,“假 如没有环保法规,环境将遭受更严重的破坏。”通过使用 虚拟语气,作者能够更清晰地表达自己的立场和论点。
虚拟语气公开课全PPT课件
虚拟语气公开课全PPT课件
汇报人:
2023-12-22
目
CONTENCT
录
• 虚拟语气基本概念与分类 • 现在虚拟语气详解 • 过去虚拟语气详解 • 未来虚拟语气详解 • 混合时间虚拟语气详解 • 特殊句型中虚拟语气应用 • 总结回顾与拓展延伸
01
虚拟语气基本概念与分类
定义及作用
虚拟语气定义
虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式,用于表示与实际情况相反或不 太可能实现的假设、愿望、建议等。
注意事项和误区提示
注意区分虚拟语气和陈 述语气的使用场景,避 免混淆。
在使用虚拟语气时,要 确保主句和从句的时态 和语气保持一致。
注意虚拟语气中动词的 变化和省略形式的使用 。
避免在不需要使用虚拟 语气的场合误用虚拟语 气,导致表达不清或语 法错误。
03
过去虚拟语气详解
结构形式
基本结构
If + 主语 + had + 过去分词,主语 + would/should/could/might + have + 过去分词
省略形式
在特定的上下文或情景中,有时可省略从句中的主语和be动词,只保留were, had, should等词。
使用场景举例
条件状语从句
表示与现在事实相反的情况或假设,如“If I were you, I would accept the offer.”(如 果我是你,我会接受这个提议。)
宾语从句
省略形式
Had + 主语 + 过去分词,主语 + would/should/could/might + have + 过去分词
倒装形式
Had + 主语 + 过去分词,倒装部分(即把if省略, 把were, had, should提到句首)
汇报人:
2023-12-22
目
CONTENCT
录
• 虚拟语气基本概念与分类 • 现在虚拟语气详解 • 过去虚拟语气详解 • 未来虚拟语气详解 • 混合时间虚拟语气详解 • 特殊句型中虚拟语气应用 • 总结回顾与拓展延伸
01
虚拟语气基本概念与分类
定义及作用
虚拟语气定义
虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式,用于表示与实际情况相反或不 太可能实现的假设、愿望、建议等。
注意事项和误区提示
注意区分虚拟语气和陈 述语气的使用场景,避 免混淆。
在使用虚拟语气时,要 确保主句和从句的时态 和语气保持一致。
注意虚拟语气中动词的 变化和省略形式的使用 。
避免在不需要使用虚拟 语气的场合误用虚拟语 气,导致表达不清或语 法错误。
03
过去虚拟语气详解
结构形式
基本结构
If + 主语 + had + 过去分词,主语 + would/should/could/might + have + 过去分词
省略形式
在特定的上下文或情景中,有时可省略从句中的主语和be动词,只保留were, had, should等词。
使用场景举例
条件状语从句
表示与现在事实相反的情况或假设,如“If I were you, I would accept the offer.”(如 果我是你,我会接受这个提议。)
宾语从句
省略形式
Had + 主语 + 过去分词,主语 + would/should/could/might + have + 过去分词
倒装形式
Had + 主语 + 过去分词,倒装部分(即把if省略, 把were, had, should提到句首)
高中英语语法——虚拟语气(28张PPT)
6. Jean doesn’t want to work right away
because she thinks that if __w_e_r_e_t_o_g_e_t_ _/_s_h_o_u_l_d_g_e_t_/g_o_t___(get) a job, she
probably wouldn’t be able to see her friends very often.
我们用虚拟语气陈述现在不真实或想象的情景。
1) If I got married in UK, I would expect a present.
2) I could reach the book if I were a bit taller. 3) If I had the chance, I might want to be a translator.
We form unreal present conditionals like this:
If… was/were/did … , …would/could/might do …
Practice: 1. 假如现在我有更多的时间,我就会学习德语。 If I had more time now,I would study German. 2. 要是我象你一样年轻,我就会找时间锻炼。 If I were/was young as you, I would find time to exercise.
2) In written English or in formal situation, we usually use were in If-clauses in place of was. However, in everyday conversation, was is often used.
because she thinks that if __w_e_r_e_t_o_g_e_t_ _/_s_h_o_u_l_d_g_e_t_/g_o_t___(get) a job, she
probably wouldn’t be able to see her friends very often.
我们用虚拟语气陈述现在不真实或想象的情景。
1) If I got married in UK, I would expect a present.
2) I could reach the book if I were a bit taller. 3) If I had the chance, I might want to be a translator.
We form unreal present conditionals like this:
If… was/were/did … , …would/could/might do …
Practice: 1. 假如现在我有更多的时间,我就会学习德语。 If I had more time now,I would study German. 2. 要是我象你一样年轻,我就会找时间锻炼。 If I were/was young as you, I would find time to exercise.
2) In written English or in formal situation, we usually use were in If-clauses in place of was. However, in everyday conversation, was is often used.
高中英语虚拟语气(共24张PPT)
进行虚拟时,主句和if从句的谓语动词形式 如下: 1.与现在事实相反时,其表现形式为: if+主语+v-ed,主语+would(或might, could,
should)+v.
Eg: If we left now,we should arrive on time.
If I were you,I would refuse the money.
虚拟语气
虚拟语气(subjunctive mood),表示所说的话 只是一种主观的愿望,假想和建议等. 1.虚拟语气的形式
2.虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的应用
3.虚拟语气在其它从句中的应用
4.小练习
虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的应用
Ⅰ if条件句的虚拟语气 if的非真实条件从句对现在,过去,将来的事实
• 3.副词,如:otherwise等。
• Eg: We didn’t know his telephone number; otherwise we would have telephoned him.
• 4.比较等级。
• Eg: (1)A more careful person wouldn’t have made so many mistakes.
• 如果说话人所表示的不是假设的情况, 而是一种可能的事实,as if引导的表语 从句中的谓语动词使用陈述语气。
• Eg :It looks as if it is going to rain.
• 在主句的谓语动词为过去时的情况下, 往往无法从语法形式上辨别表语从句的 谓语动词是虚拟还是陈述语气,因为此 时两者的形式是相同的。
用虚拟语气。
•
suggest意为“建议”才用虚拟语气,意为“暗示”
should)+v.
Eg: If we left now,we should arrive on time.
If I were you,I would refuse the money.
虚拟语气
虚拟语气(subjunctive mood),表示所说的话 只是一种主观的愿望,假想和建议等. 1.虚拟语气的形式
2.虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的应用
3.虚拟语气在其它从句中的应用
4.小练习
虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的应用
Ⅰ if条件句的虚拟语气 if的非真实条件从句对现在,过去,将来的事实
• 3.副词,如:otherwise等。
• Eg: We didn’t know his telephone number; otherwise we would have telephoned him.
• 4.比较等级。
• Eg: (1)A more careful person wouldn’t have made so many mistakes.
• 如果说话人所表示的不是假设的情况, 而是一种可能的事实,as if引导的表语 从句中的谓语动词使用陈述语气。
• Eg :It looks as if it is going to rain.
• 在主句的谓语动词为过去时的情况下, 往往无法从语法形式上辨别表语从句的 谓语动词是虚拟还是陈述语气,因为此 时两者的形式是相同的。
用虚拟语气。
•
suggest意为“建议”才用虚拟语气,意为“暗示”
虚拟语气ppt课件完整版
02 03
例子
Had you come earlier, you would have met him.(= If you had come earlier, you would have met him.)(如果你早点来,你就能 见到他了。)
例子
Should it rain tomorrow, we would stay at home.(= If it should rain tomorrow, we would stay at home.)(如果明天下雨,我们就 呆在家里。)
虚拟语气用于强调句时,通常是通过 “It was ... that”结构对句子中的特 定成分进行强调。
在这种结构中,虚拟语气的使用与普 通虚拟语气略有不同,需要根据具体 情况进行判断。
虚拟语气与其他语法结构搭配使用
虚拟语气可以与定语从句、状语从句等语法结构搭配使用,表达更为复杂的语义关 系。
在这些结构中,虚拟语气的使用需要根据具体的语境和表达的语义关系进行判断。
真实条件句
表达现实中可能实现的情况, 使用陈述语气。
例子
If you study hard, you will pass the exam.(如果你努力 学习,你会通过考试。)
非真实条件句
表达与事实相反或不太可能实 现的情况,使用虚拟语气。
例子
If I were you, I would not do that.(如果我是你,我不会那
状语从句中虚拟语气使用
在if条件状语从句中
如果条件状语从句所表示的内容与实际情况相反或实现的可能性很小,则从句中的谓语动词常用虚拟语气。
在其他状语从句中
除了if条件状语从句外,还有一些其他状语从句也可以用虚拟语气,如:in order that(为了)、so that(以便 )等引导的目的状语从句中。这些从句中的谓语动词形式通常为“may/might/could/should + 动词原形”。
高三英语结构语法之虚拟语气课件(共19张PPT)
11.Sue was late for the wedding ceremony. I'm sure that if she had been there on time, the couple ________________________ (会感到更高 兴). (feel) 答案: would have felt happier
9.My son, why are so rude?“ I would rather I ________________________ (没生) you then.” cried the old lady. (give) 答案: hadn't given birth to
10.When my daughter insisted she ________________________ (送去上学), I had no other option but to come to you for help. (send) 答案: (should) be sent to school
5.It's a pity that he failed the exam. If he ________________________________ (更加注意) his handwriting, he would have done better. (concentrate) 答案: had concentrated more on
13.He talks a lot about Japan as though ____________________ (他去过那儿) before. (be) 答案: he had been there
14.When Edison died, it was suggested that the American people ____________________ (关掉) all power for several minutes in honor of this great man. (turn)
高中英语虚拟语气课件(共34张PPT)
It has been decided that the meeting (should) be put off.
iii. 虚拟语气在宾语从句中的应用
在表示提议、要求、命令、意志等动词 之后的宾语从句中,可以用 “should + 动词原形(should可以省略)”形式做 谓语。 这类动词有:advise, ask, beg, determine, require, suggest, request, demand, urge, propose, command, desire, insist, prefer, order, pray, recommend 等等
e.g. It is advisable that a general announcement be made to the staff. 最好给全体人员发个通知。
需要给这台机器加润滑油了。
It is required that the machine (should) be oiled. 已决定推迟会议。
She looks as if she were sick. (实际上没有病)
She looks as if she is sick. (实际上可能或的确是病了)
ii.虚拟语气在主语从句中的运用
在“It is + 某些形容词(或过去分词)+主语 从句”的句型中,主语从句中的动词形式用 “should + 动词原形 (should可以省略)”。
iv. 虚拟语气在表语从句、同位语从句
中的应用
在demand, motion, idea, proposal, suggestion, order, recommendation, requirement, decision, advice等表提议、 要求、命令等名词之后的表语从句、同 位语从句中,谓语动词可用“should + 动词原形 (should可以省略) ”形式。
iii. 虚拟语气在宾语从句中的应用
在表示提议、要求、命令、意志等动词 之后的宾语从句中,可以用 “should + 动词原形(should可以省略)”形式做 谓语。 这类动词有:advise, ask, beg, determine, require, suggest, request, demand, urge, propose, command, desire, insist, prefer, order, pray, recommend 等等
e.g. It is advisable that a general announcement be made to the staff. 最好给全体人员发个通知。
需要给这台机器加润滑油了。
It is required that the machine (should) be oiled. 已决定推迟会议。
She looks as if she were sick. (实际上没有病)
She looks as if she is sick. (实际上可能或的确是病了)
ii.虚拟语气在主语从句中的运用
在“It is + 某些形容词(或过去分词)+主语 从句”的句型中,主语从句中的动词形式用 “should + 动词原形 (should可以省略)”。
iv. 虚拟语气在表语从句、同位语从句
中的应用
在demand, motion, idea, proposal, suggestion, order, recommendation, requirement, decision, advice等表提议、 要求、命令等名词之后的表语从句、同 位语从句中,谓语动词可用“should + 动词原形 (should可以省略) ”形式。
英语语法专题:虚拟语气课件(20张ppt)
a. should come; would
b. would come; would
c. will come; should
d. comes; should
2. If the parents ____ at the hospital earlier after the accident, the
child would have been saved.
真实 非真实
二.命题规律
在阅读,完形和语法填空中对其进行隐形考查. 多结合情态动词的考查进行.
一.虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法
条件状语从句
与现在事实相反 动词过去式(did) (be动词一律用were)
主句
would should could +动词原形 might
与将来事实相反
a. did
b. should do c. were to do(正式)
“If I could… ,I would…. ” or
“If I were …,I would….”
二. 虚拟语气在名词性从句中的用法 (主,宾,表,同位)
1.宾语从句 a. wish+宾语从句,表示很难实现的愿望
现在 过去 将来
过去式(be动词用were)
过去完成时,或could/would +have done could/would +动词原形
Answers: 1.If I were you, I would study hard.
=Were I you, I would study hard.
2.If he failed/should fail his exam tomorrow, his father would get angry. =Should he fail his exam tomorrow, his father would get angry.
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I wish it would rain tomorrow.
.
11
虚拟语气
虚拟语气在:在宾语从句中
[例句]
1. I wish she would be on my side. 我希望她能站在我一边。
2. I wish I were 30 years younger. 我但愿自己能年轻三十岁。
3. I wish (that) you would get a good job. 我希望你能找到一个好职业。
陈述语气
If it rained tomorrow, the crops
would be saved. 虚拟语气
.
16
If I __h_a_d__h_a_d____time last night, I _w_o_u_ld__h_a_v_e_g_o_n_e to see the film with you .
If the staff had been
more careful,
the mall would
not be on fire now.
.
20
What would you do if you won the lottery?
If I won the lottery,
I would…
.
21
If I won the lottery, I would buy an expensive car.
.
17
If he had driven more carefully,
he would not have had the car
accident yesterday.
.
18
If I had learnt how to swim,
I would not have been trapped. in this island19.
4、几种特殊结构中虚拟语气的用法;
5、虚拟语气时态的判定。
.
3
I wish I __w__e_r_e_(be)as tall as you.
.
4
I wish I were a bird.
.
5
I wish every day _w_e_r_e_(be)my birthday.
.
6
I wish/wished I __h_a_d_n_’_t _e_a_te_n_( eat ) so much watermelon.
.
7
I wish it would rain tomorrow.
.
8
wish引导的虚拟句
.
9
表示愿望( wish), wish接宾语从句有三种情况: 1) 现在:用过去式 2) 过去:用过去完成式 (had done) 3) 将来:用情态动词(would / could) + do
.
10
wish + that How I wish If only
2. If it were sunny tomorrow, I would come to see you.
明天要是天气好的话,我来看你。(与将来 事实可能相反)
3. If I were you, I would go at once.
假如我是你的话,我会马上走。(与现在事
实相反,事实上我不. 可能是你)
27
主从句的谓语形式
时间 If 从句的谓语形式 主句的谓语形式
现在 过去 将来
did / were
would/could/should /might +V.(原)
had done
would/could/should/ might+have+p.p.
.
22
If I had a lot of money,
I would buy a villa.
.
23
If I had a lot of money now, I would travel around the world.
.
24
If it were fine now, I would go shopping.
If only our parents could live with us!
要是我没错过火车就好了.
If only I hadn’t missed the. train!
14
if引导的虚拟条件句
.
15
区别:
If it rainsaved.
.
25
If he got up early,
he would be on time
.
26
虚拟语气
虚拟语气在 在条件从句中
[例句]
1. If you had come a few minutes earlier, you would have met him.
要是你早来几分钟的话,你就能见到他了。 (与过去事实相反)
Subjunctive Mood 虚拟语气
.
1
英语动词有 三 种语气
陈述语气 祈使语气 虚拟语气
用来表示说的话不是事实,或者是 不太可能发生的情况,而是一种愿 望,建议,假设的语气叫虚拟语气。
.
2
虚拟语气的考点
1、条件句中的虚拟语气的用法;
2、条件句中虚拟语气的倒装;
3、名词性从句中虚拟语气的用法;
did/were 现在 had done 过去
would / might /would do 将来
我要是记得地址就好了。(真可惜我忘了)
I wish I remembered the address. 要是他没有离开这里就好了。(他已离开)
How I wish he had not left.
要是明天下雨就好了。(说话人以预料明天不会下雨)
4. He wished he hadn't done it. 他想要是他没这样做该多好。
.
12
虚拟语气
if only 意为:若是...那该多好啊; 真希望...; 只 要, 只要...就好 表示现在的情况,应用过去式; 如果是过去的 情况,应用过去完成时态
If only I had arrived in time! If only she didn’t drive so fast.
.
13
If only
(1) …要是就好了 = I wish
If only I knew his name now!
If only we had followed your advice last time!
If only I could see him again next year!
要是我们的父母能和我们住在一起就好了。