【电大学历资格】东大15秋学期《大学英语(三)》在线作业2满分答案

东大15秋学期《大学英语(三)》在线作业2满分答案东大15秋学期《大学英语(三)》在线作业2满分答案阅读理解单选题完型填空一、阅读理解（共 4 道试题，共40 分。

）bor force is defined as being the total number of people who are available to work and earn income. This definitionincludes everyone who is employed or seeking paid employment, so it includes employees and the bor is one of the country’s resources which can be combined with other resources to produce the goods andservices required by the community.Though the size of the workforce relies on the size of the total population, there are several other aspects which alsoaffect it. The age distribution of the total population has a very marked effect on the available workforce. If thepopulation has a high proportion of very young people or of those too old to work, then the available workforcewould be lower than if there were an evenly spread age distribution. If the population grows rapidly from naturalincrease, i.e. the number of births greatly exceeds the number of deaths, then as a total population increases theproportion in the workforce declines.Sometimes a population is described as aging, which means the birth rate is either falling or growing very slowly, andas people retire from the workforce there are inadequate numbers of young people entering it to take the place ofthose who are leaving it. The population is top-heavy with older people. So the percentage of the population in theworkforce declines when there is either a rapid increase in births or a falling birth rate.The age distribution of population has several important influences on the economy. If the population is aging andthere is an increase in the number of people retiring without a corresponding increase in the number entering theworkforce, this raises the problem of the ability of the economy to provide a reasonable level of social services for theretired group. If the aged are to be cared for in special homes or hotels, finance must be available for that purpose. Ifthe size of the workforce is little relative to the total population, then the government tax receipts are relatively lowand either the government has less money available to it or the workforce members have to be taxed more heavily.1). Labor force is composed of ______.A. people who are available to work and earn incomeB. self-employed people onlyC. only those who are looking for an employmentD. only the employees-----------------选择：A2). The factor which does NOT influence the size of the workforce is ______.A. the size of populationB. age distribution of the populationC. national economyD. natural increase-----------------选择：C3). The conclusion which can be drawn safely from the second paragraph is that ______.A. a population growth from natural increase leads to a greater proportion of the workforceB. a large population does not necessarily mean a higher proportion of workforceC. the larger the number of the aged in a population, the higher the proportion of the workforceD. if the population has an evenly spread age distribution, the work force will be lower-----------------选择：B4). When a population is said to be aging, ______.A. more people are retiring than people entering the workforceB. the birth rate is growingC. there is an oversupply of workforceD. young people outnumber old people-----------------选择：A5). The population which is top-heavy with older people poses a problem to ______.A. the governmentB. the economyC. the workforceD. all of the above-----------------选择：D2. April Fool’s Day is traditionally a day to play practical jokes on others, send people on fool’s errands（差事）,and fool the unsuspecting. No one knows how this holiday began but it was thought to have originated in France. Theclosest point in time that can be identified as the beginning of this tradition was in 1582, in France. New Year wascelebrated on March 25 and celebrations lasted until April 1st. When New Year’s Day as changed from March 25 toJanuary 1st in the mid-1560’s by King Charles IX, there were some people who still celebrated it on April 1st andthose people were called April Fools.Tricks performed on April Fool’s Day range from the simple to the elaborate. Setting a roommate’s alarm clock backan hour is common. The news media even gets involved. For instance, a British short film once shown on AprilFool’s Day was a fairly detailed documentary about “spaghetti farmers”and how they harvest their crop from thespaghetti trees. Whatever the prank, the trickster usually ends it by yelling to his victim, “April Fool!”April Fool’sDay is a “for-fun-only”observance. Nobody is expected to buy gifts or to take their “significant other”out to eat ina fancy restaurant. Nobody gets off work or school. It’s simply a fun little holiday, but a holiday on which one mustremain forever vigilant（警惕的）, for he may be the next April Fool!Each country celebrates April Fool’s differently. In France, the April Fool’s is called “April Fish”. The French fooltheir friends by taping a paper fish to their friends’backs. In England, tricks can be played only in the morning. If atrick is played on you, you are a “noodle”.1). April Fool’s Day was first celebrated in_________.A. EnglandB. AmericaC. FranceD. Rome-----------------选择：C2). According to the old calendar, April 1st was_________.A. April Fool’s DayB. New Year’s DayC. New Year’s EveD. a regular day----------------选择：B3). Which is NOT the custom of April Fool’s Day?A. Calling victims of tricks April Fools.B. Playing tricks on somebody.C. Eating out with their family.D. Celebrating this day just for fun.-----------------选择：C4). It can be inferred that on April Fool’s Day people tend to ______.A. be on guardB. feel annoyedC. feel scaredD. be at their best-----------------选择：A5). It can be concluded that ______.A. those who are mentally slow are called April FoolsB. people have been celebrating April Fool’s Day for well over five centuriesC. the celebration of April Fool’s Day is more or less the same.D. the celebration of April Fool’s Day varies from country to country-----------------选择：D3. The resources of the library can be helpful even when we are doing something very informal, such as trying todevise a better way to measure attitudes toward music or looking for a better way to teach mathematics. The librarycan be equally helpful when we are doing something very formal, such as writing a dissertation (学位论文) orpreparing an article for publication in a professional journal. In either case, our goal should be to use the library as auseful tool to help us understand and solve our problem.The following sections of this chapter will describe specific resources available in many libraries. In some casesyou may already be aware of a resource and may use it frequently and successfully. In other cases you may becompletely unfamiliar with a resource. Your goal should be to become aware of what is available and to know how touse each of these resources to help you solve the problem they are designed to solve.When educators have a piece of information that they want to share with their colleagues, they often make thisinformation available in professional journals or at professional meetings. It would often be useful to have access tosuch information, and this chapter will describe the special services that enable us to locate such information.1). The library resources can be helpful when we _______.A. want to find a better way to measure attitudes toward musicB. are preparing a paper for a professional journalC. are writing a dissertationD. All of the above-----------------选择：D2). The familiarity of readers with different resources _______.A. is more or less the sameB. varies slightlyC. differs greatlyD. should not be different-----------------选择：C3). The author believes that _______.A. library resources should be used frequently and completelyB. library resources cannot be made good use of if they are not available to usC. one is supposed to be aware of the library resources that are usually not availableD. one is supposed to have good knowledge and make good use of resources-----------------选择：D4). When educators wish to share some information with their colleagues, they often _______.A. publish it in a professional journalB. attend professional meetingsC. get access to it in the libraryD. make use of some library services-----------------选择：A5). The chapter in question _______.A. mainly deals with the ways of dissertation writingB. presents information on publishing papers in professional journalsC. introduces some library servicesD. describes some professional meetings-----------------选择：C4. When Mrs. Joseph Groeger died recently in Vienna, Austria, people asked the obvious, “Why did she live to be107?”Answers were provided by a survey conducted among 148 Viennese men and women who had reached the ageof 100. Somewhat surprising was the fact that the majority had lived most of their lives in cities. In spite of the city’simage as an unhealthy place, city living often provides benefits that county living can lack. One factor seems to beimportant to the longevity (长寿) of those interviewed.This factor is exercise. In the cities it is often faster to walk short distances than to wait for a bus. Even takingpublic transportation often requires some walking. Smaller apartment houses have no elevators (电梯), and so peoplemust climb stairs. City people can usually walk to local supermarkets. Since parking spaces are hard to find, there isoften no alternative to walking.On the other hand, those who live in the country and suburbs do not have to walk every day. In fact, the oppositeis often true. To go to school, work, or almost anywhere else, they must ride in cars.1). The Vienna survey may help to explain _______.A. the complaints of people in apartment housesB. the cause of Mrs. Groeger’s deathC. the longevity of people like Mrs. GroegerD. the image of cities in general-----------------选择：C2). The purpose of the second paragraph is to list some _______.A. benefits of walkingB. occasions for walking in city lifeC. comments made by city peopleD. problems of city living-----------------选择：B3). To reach the third floor of a building, it would probably be most healthful ____.A. to take the elevatorB. to walk up the stairsC. to ride in a carD. to find an alternative to walking-----------------选择：B4). People who live in the country probably do more driving than walking because _______.A. they don’t live near business areasB. they don’t need the exerciseC. they never have parking problemsD. they can’t afford to take the bus-----------------选择：A5). A conclusion that can be drawn from this passage is that _______.A. air pollution is not seriousB. anyone can live to be 107C. country people should move to the cityD. walking is a healthful exercise-----------------选择：D15秋学期《大学英语(三)》在线作业2阅读理解单选题完型填空二、单选题（共15 道试题，共45 分。