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Daptor Three蓝牙无线音频接口用户指南说明书

Daptor Three Daptor Three Wireless Audio InterfaceJK AudioUser GuideDaptor Three is a simple, professional audio interface using Blue-tooth* Wireless Technology. This device allows balanced and un-balanced connections to your cell phone. Daptor Three connects to your cell phone like any other Bluetooth Wireless Technology enabled headset. It will also connect to any other product, such as a laptop, that allows wireless headset connections.With the latest firmware release, Daptor Three can now be set to function as a Master device, sending stereo audio to other devices that support the A2DP profile.There are many profiles that may be used for Bluetooth communi-cation. Daptor Three is compatible with these three typically used in cell phones and headsets:A2DP (Advanced Audio Distribution Profile)Headphone mode, used for stereo musicstreaming.30-20 kHz stereo, receive only, headphone mode30-17 kHz stereo, master mode transmit Headset Facilitates mono, full-duplex audio between twopaired devices.300-3.4 kHz mono, both directionsHands-Free Similar to Headset profile but allows the receivingdevice more control over the call such as volume,accept/reject/end a call.3.4 kHz mono, both directionsAny Questions?Before you pick up the phone... Please thumb through the rest of this manual. You might find those deep technical questions are covered on later pages.* The Bluetooth word mark and logos are owned by the Blue-tooth SIG, Inc. and any use of such marks by JK Audio, Inc. is un-der license. Other trademarks and trade names are those of their respective owners.1. Drawer for 9 V battery.2. This LED flashes blue when setting up or using a Bluetoothconnection. See page 5 for timing diagrams. The LED will illu-minate briefly when the unit is first powered on.3. This Multi-Function Button (MFB) is used to establish a con-nection with your Bluetooth enabled cell phone, laptop or other device.4. This Stereo LED will flash green when the device is in Mastermode and red when it is in Headset mode. See Page 6.5. Stereo Line In - Connect the stereo output of your audio playeror other equipment to this jack to be sent to the caller.6. Stereo Line Out - Connect this stereo output to the stereo lineinput on your PC, mini recorder or other audio equipment.7. Balanced XLR Line In - Connect the line level output of yourother audio equipment to this jack to be sent to the caller.8. Balanced XLR Line Out - Connect this output to the line levelinput on your recorder or other audio equipment. 12 34 5 67 8Establishing a Bluetooth connection varies with different cell phones. On your phone, find and select the option to set up a con-nection. Press and hold the blue button (Multi-Function Button or MFB) on Daptor Three for a full 6 seconds and release. The blue LED will flash rapidly, about every 100 ms, as Daptor Three enters Pairing Mode.Now go to your Bluetooth device and search for Bluetooth connec-tions. If this is the first time you have paired with this device, select the option to add an audio device. When the cell phone has found the new device, select from the list the device ID of "JKDAP3xxxx" where the “xxxx” corresponds to the last 4 digits of the unit’s serial number. Enter “Yes” when asked to Bond with this device. Enter the pin number as "0000". The Daptor Three can maintain up to 16 devices in its connection history to make reconnecting to a previ-ously used device simpler and quicker.Tech Note: There is a difference between “Pairing Mode” and “Idle Mode”. The very first time you connect to a new deviceyou must be in Pairing Mode. When you hold the Blue-tooth MFB in for 2 seconds and release, the blue LEDwill come on steady for a moment, then it will flash at arate of 2 seconds off and 200 ms on. This first stage isIdle Mode. Holding the MFB in for 6 seconds beforerelease will activate pairing mode. In pairing mode theLED flashes rapidly, about every 100 ms. Once in pair-ing mode, any Bluetooth enabled device within rangecan pair with Daptor Three. After pairing is complete,the connection to that device is secure.When bonding is complete, the blue LED will flash at a rate of 1 sec on, 2 sec off. Once Daptor Three has been added to your cell phone, subsequent connections can be made more quickly from Idle Mode.To disconnect from the Bluetooth device, simply press the MFB and hold for 6 seconds. Depending on the model of cell phone, if left unused in Idle Mode or if a live call is disconnected, the Daptor Three may automatically disconnect Bluetooth.To clear the connection history and return to factory reset, hold the MFB button in for at least 20 seconds. After resetting, the Daptor Three will return to pairing mode.The Bluetooth interface will first attempt to connect in Hands Free mode to a cell phone, allowing 3.4 kHz telecom bandwidth. If this is not available, it will attemptto connect in Wireless Headset mode to any product, such as a laptop computer, that allows a Bluetooth wireless audio connection. The Wireless Headset mode offers 20 kHz audio bandwidth. Daptor Three supports A2DP, Hands Free and Headset profiles with BlueCore 5-Multimedia technology. In Headset mode, you will be able to receive full bandwidth stereo audio from any cell phone that supports A2DP. In Master mode, you can send full bandwidth stereo audio to any A2DP compatible device. By default, Daptor Three will connect in headset mode. See Page 6 for more informa-tion on Master and Headset modes. While all phones and portables are different, typically if you con-nect in cell phone Hands Free mode, you will have a mono full du-plex connection. If you connect to a music player, you will be in stereo Headset mode. Consult your cell phone or portable device for more details.Bluetooth LED pattern after BondingBluetooth LED pattern to initiate BondingHold Bluetooth MFB in at least 6 sec toreach Pairing Mode the first timea new device is connected,> 2 sec thereafter to easilyconnect from Idle ModeMaster or HeadsetYour cellular telephone is a good example of a device operating in Master mode. In default mode your cell phone will see the Daptor Three as if it were a headset. When the Daptor Three is in Master mode, it can send stereo audio to stereo earphones or the Daptor Three can be paired to a headset for full duplex conversations. There are many different profiles available for Bluetooth communi-cation. Any devices that you have interconnected must be pro-grammed with the same profiles. Most newer cellular telephones use any combination of Headset, Hands-Free and/or A2DP proto-cols. A2DP is the only profile that will enable Daptor Three to send stereo audio in Master mode so the headset device it is paired to must be equipped with the same profile.Switching to Master modeWhen pairing to another Bluetooth enabled device, the Daptor Three will connect in headset mode by default. If you want to switch to Master mode, you must start from the Bluetooth power-off state. Hold the MFB down for greater than 10 seconds but less than 15 seconds, then release the button to change roles. The next time a Bluetooth connection is enabled on your Daptor Three, the Stereo LED will flash green to verify it is operating in stereo Master A2DP mode. To toggle between stereo A2DP and mono Hands Free profiles (which can only be done while the unit is in Master mode), simply tap the MFB button once on the unit that is in Master mode for each change of state .The Stereo LED on the top of the Daptor Three will flash green when the device is in Master mode and red when it is in Headset mode. The timing of the blue LED while pairing with another device should remain the same for either state. The red/green LED will only light during power up or when streaming stereo A2DP audio. When the Daptor Three is in Master mode, pairing to another Blue-tooth device is somewhat different. Daptor Three will assume a default Pin of 0000 on the slave device and will automatically nego-tiate a connection. If the Pin on the slave device is different, Daptor Three will not be able to pair with it.The connection history will maintain up to 16 devices in Master mode in addition to the 16 devices it keeps in the Headset mode history.Use Main Outputs,USB or Firewireconnectors tosend audio torecording deviceor broadcastingequipment inputs For whichever input channel you havecorresponding Aux B control to minimum (usually hard left) so you are not sending the caller’s own audio backthat aux bus should be set for what you want to send to the phone caller.Why can’t I get the Daptor Three to accept a password and pair with my new phone?!If this is the first time you have bonded to this cell phone, you might be in Idle Mode instead of Pairing Mode and your Dap-tor Three is not being recognized. Please check pages 6-7 for more information about Pairing Modes.What is the range of the Bluetooth transmitter/receiver? !Daptor Three will transmit and receive audio signals up to 30 feet (10 meters) from your Bluetooth device. Because trans-mitting signals over longer distances will require more power, you should keep Daptor Three as close as possible to your Bluetooth device to conserve battery power.Can I pair my Daptor Three to two cell phones and send my audio to two locations simultaneously?!No, your Daptor Three can only be paired to one Bluetooth enabled device at a time.Can I use my Bluetooth headset with my cell phone whileI have my phone paired to the Daptor Three?!No, your cell phone can only be paired to one Bluetooth en-abled device at a time. In the standard mode of operation, your cell phone will be paired to our device as if the Daptor Three were a headset. So you need to use a mic and head-phones connected to mixer or pre amp which would then be connected to the Daptor Three.How long will the battery last?!Based on our lab tests using a standard alkaline battery with Daptor Three about 1 meter from your Bluetooth device, the battery should last for about 18 hours under normal use. As an indicator of low battery, the blue LED will grow dim and then extinguish a short while before the battery is completely ex-hausted and the unit shuts down.Can I send and receive audio at the same time?!Yes you can! You can have full duplex conversations when your Daptor Three is in Headset mode and you call someone with your cell phone, or when you are in Master mode and you are paired with another Bluetooth headset. However, on many phones, the audio you send into the phone will come back mixed with the receive audio.Can I use the balanced and unbalanced inputs at the same time?!No, if you have audio sources connected to both the balanced XLR and the unbalanced mini jack inputs, only the audio at the XLR jack will be heard. However, you can use both outputs simultaneously.Can I have full duplex stereo conversations if my stereo headset uses A2DP?!No, the A2DP profile is only used for stereo music streaming.Full duplex conversations will be in mono.What’s the difference between the Bluetooth profiles?!There are many profiles that may be used for Bluetooth com-munication. Daptor Three is compatible with the three typically used in cell phones and headsets:A2DP (Advanced Audio Distribution Profile) usedfor stereo music streaming.Headset Facilitates mono, full-duplex audio betweentwo paired devices.Hands-Free Similar to Headset profile, but allows the re-ceiving device more control over the call,such as volume, accept/reject/end a call.Inputs:Female XLR: Balanced, 20k ohms,-4 dBu nom.Stereo Line In: Unbalanced, 3.5mm,20k ohm, -10 dBu nom.Frequency response: Headset (phone)300 Hz - 3400 HzHeadphone mode: A2DP30 Hz - 17k HzOutputs:Male XLR: Balanced, 200 ohms,0 dBu max.Stereo Line Out: Unbalanced, 3.5mm,200 ohms, -6 dBu max.Frequency response: Headset (phone)300 Hz - 3400 HzHeadphone mode: 30 Hz - 20k HzPower:One 9-volt batterySize: 4.4” x 2.7” x 1.2”(11.2 x 6.9 x 3.5 cm) Weight:7 ounces (200 grams)Note: While Daptor Three was designed to be very rugged and durable, it is not waterproof and care should be taken to keep the unit dry.This device has been tested and found to comply with the lim-its for a Class B digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protec-tion against harmful interference when the equipment is oper-ated in a commercial environment. This equipment generates, uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not in-stalled and used in accordance with the instruction manual, may cause harmful interference to radio communication. Op-eration of this equipment in a residential area is likely to cause harmful interference, in which case the user will be required to correct the interference at his/her own expense.Changes or modifications not expressly approved by JK Audio can void the user's authority to operate the equipment.Shielded interface cables and AC power cord, if any, must be used in order to comply with the emission limits.The internal antennas used for this mobile transmitter must not be co-located or operated in conjunction with any other antenna or transmitter.11Daptor Three is covered by a 2-year warranty to be free from defective workmanship and materials. In the event that the Daptor Three needs repair, you must call us to get an authorization, and then carefully pack and ship it to us. You will pay for shipping to us and we will pay for return back to you, UPS ground. No free repairs will be made if the defect was caused by misuse, weather conditions, or other cause, except for defective workmanship or materials. THERE ARE NO EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES WHICH EXTEND BEYOND THE WARRANTY HERE MADE.10/09 JK Audio, Inc. 1311 E 6th Street, Sandwich, IL 60548 USA Voice: (815) 786-2929 Toll Free: 800-JK-Audio Fax: 815-786-8502 ****************Copyright © 2009 JK Audio, Inc. All rights reserved.。

关于dota2里的一些英语词汇

Alchemist炼金术士攻击：You point, I'll punch! 你指哪儿我打哪儿！I always do your dirty work.我总是帮你干脏活儿。

释放不稳定化合物的时候：Throw the damn thing! 把那个破玩意儿扔了！Shaken and stirred!摇一摇，再搅一搅~Didn’t you hear me telling you to throw it? 没听见我告诉你把它丢了吗？Greed is good 这个大家都懂的嘲讽英雄：Damn, was gonna ask Batrider if he wanted to trade mounts.想买坐骑找蝙蝠骑士去！Pudge, were you tapping methane? Yikes! 胖子你在放甲烷？吓死我了！I always wondered what you'd get if you melted Apparition down. 我很想知道把极寒幽魂融化了能得到什么Hey, you think Kunkka knew I stole his rum? 嘿，你觉得昆卡会知道我偷了他的朗姆酒吗？Morphling, if I could have shoved you in a beaker… 水人兄，如果我把你放在烧杯里晃悠两下。

One Skeleton King provides a day's requirement of calcium 一只骷髅王可以提供一整天所需的钙！Clinkz, your bones were brittle. Shoulda eaten more spinach. 骨弓你有点骨质疏松，多吃点菠菜。

Get out the siphon. Clockwerk's full of gasoline! 放开我的虹吸管，发条全身都是汽油！I didn't need a tree trunk to knock you out, Earthshaker. 老牛，我不需要树干就可以敲死你You made my knuckles bleed, Spirit Breaker. 白牛！我的关节在出血！补兵：Only ninety eight percent pure? 难道只有98%的纯度？死掉：Must've mixed up the formula! 一定是配方弄错了！Shoulda brought a bigger ogre.我应该抓一只更大的食人魔的！复活：Failure is just another kind of success. The wrong kind. 失败也是一种成功，不大对劲的那种Maybe I should find some more stable formulas. 也许我应该找些更稳定的配方I hope I didn't leave anything on the burner. 但愿我没有把什么东西落在炉子上拾取复活盾：Does Immortality work for both of us? It better!这玩意儿对咱俩都有用么？那就太好了！攻击：Icefog 好吧这个也是吐槽的嘲讽英雄：Crystal Maiden, you dare cross ice with me?冰女，你敢在我面前放冰？Lina, frozen out. 莉娜，你出局了Pudge, it's the meat locker for you! 胖子，这是给你冻肉的冰柜Lich, your ice is weak. 巫妖，你的冰弱爆了死亡时：A south wind blows. 南风那个吹~Another ice age is coming. Ha ha ha ha ha! 又到了一个冰河世纪。

Standard Test Method for Wetting and Drying Test of SolidWastes(ASTM D4843-88(2009))

4.6 Moisture Chamber, a suitably covered container capable of maintaining a temperature of 20 6 3°C and minimum 95 % relative humidity, for preconditioning specimens.
Downloaded/printed by Zhejiang University (Zhejiang University) pursuant to License Agreement. No further reproductions authorized.
D4843 − 88 (2009)
6. Procedure
3.3 Data tabulated in Table 1, Table 2, and Table 3 may be used to observe irregularities caused by inhomogeneity of specimens and/or comparison of mass loss-cycle relations of different wastes, as well as to measure method-related mass losses such as matrix dissolution.
6.1 Select one specimen for moisture content determination.
6.2 Determine moisture content of sample with Test Method D2216 but revised to use a temperature of 60 6 3°C (see section 2.2).

Voyager Focus 2 UC商品说明书

Voyager Focus 2 UCWHAT’S INCLUDED? •Voyager Focus 2 Headset•Quick Start Guide•BT700 Bluetooth® USB adapter •Carrying Case•Charging Cable (Micro-USB Adapter) •Poly Lens Software – Free DownloadBT700 Bluetooth USBAdapter:What is the BT700?The BT700 is a Bluetooth USB adapter used to provide the bestconnection and acoustic sound quality through your new VoyagerFocus 2 headset.Why do I need it? Using this adapter will provide you with the optimal acoustic sound andfunctionality. It behaves like a soundcard controller that once connectedto your computer or laptop, works with all your apps that use audio,maximizing your audio experience.How do I connect my Voyager Focus 2 to the BT700 Bluetooth USB Adapter? Typically, your BT700 USB adapter is pre-paired (connected) to your headset. If it does not automatically connect when plugged in then it has somehow disconnected, or it was purchased separately. You will need to connect /pair the adapter to your headset. For this you will need to download the Poly Lens app at /lensa. Insert the Bluetooth (BT) USB adapter into your laptop orcomputer and wait for your computer to recognize it.b. Put your headset in pair mode (On the headset, slide and holdthe Power switch away from the off position until you hear“pairing” and the headset LEDs flash red and blue).c. Put your Bluetooth USB adapter into pair mode using PolyLens: Click on the three blue dots in the bottom right corner- select "Pair Device". Your BT700 adapter flashes red andblue.d. Pairing is successful when you hear through theheadset "pairing successful" and "PC connected" and theBluetooth USB adapter LED is solid.Am I able to use my BT700 USB Adapter on multiple devices?LEARN MY DEVICE Your BT700 Bluetooth (BT) USB adapter will remember up to 2 devices but will only connect to one at a time. If experiencing trouble, check that your Voyager Focus 2 device is the only one connected, if required turn off the second device.What are the featuresavailable with my newVoyager Focus 2 andmy BT700?Call controls / volume Headset buttons can control call functions. Call control is being able tomute, answer/ end calls, and adjust call volume. On the device youmay also play/ pause, go to the next track or previous, and eveninteract with your MS Teams softphone.ANC Your Voyager Focus 2 includes Poly’s latest Advanced DigitalHybrid Active Noise Cancelling (ANC) which reduces external noiseand enhances your music and sound quality. The ANC switch includes3 settings0. ANC off1. Recommended for office use2. Recommended for loud environmentsNoise cancelling microphone with Acoustic Fence technology Your Voyager Focus 2 headset includes Acoustic Fencetechnology that reduces background noise so that your caller hears you and not the noise around you. For optimum performance ensure that the microphone boom is positioned at the corner of your mouth.Smart microphone boom The microphone boom detects which way the headset is beingworn and automatically maintains the left and right audio. Putting theboom in the upright position will mute the call.Mute Mute your headset by:a. Tapping the mute button while on a callb. Rotating your microphone boom and clicking it into the uppositionc. Taking off the headset and then putting it back on to unmute2Power on On your headset there is a switch. Slide the switch to power on or off.Talk time / Battery life Battery life can be affected by how you use it.a.Talk time: Up to 19 hours with ANC off and up to 16 hours withANC on.b.Listening time: Up to 40 hours with ANC off and up to 24hours with ANC on.Bluetooth functionality Bluetooth is a technology used to connect devices wirelessly. Yournew Voyager Focus 2 is able to use this functionality to connect directlyto a computer or through using your new BT700.RECOMMENDATION: Use the new BT700 to connect via Bluetooth. Itwill offer a better audio experience.Computer configurations Your new BT700 and Voyager Focus 2 work with Mac and PCconfigurations.UC Client/ Softphone Your new Voyager Focus 2 works with many softphones. An examplewould be Microsoft Teams.Voice prompts Voice assistance is available with Siri & Google AssistantHeadband adjustmentMay I use the Voyager Focus 2 headset as a corded headset? It is possible to position the mic on the left or right, or to rotate it. Gently flex the headband wider if the fit for more comfort.Yes, absolutely. In instances where you may forget to charge the headset or if you have too many Bluetooth devices in your space you may use the device as a corded headset.Range When connected with the BT700 you may receive a range of up to 50meters.3GET WORKING What call controls areavailable on the physical headset? The following controls are available and functional depending on the application you’re running: ANC (off/low/high), Volume + & - , Microsoft Teams call button, Siri/Google assistant, Play/ pause, nexttrack, previous track, mute/ unmute, poweron/off, and Bluetooth pairingRECOMMENDATION: Use the new BT700 to connect via Bluetooth. It will offer a better audio experience.Audio quality: Computer, Mobile, Voyager Focus 2 headset & BT700Why do I need to use the BT700 Bluetooth USB adapter to connect to the computer – rather than pair directly to the computer’s Bluetooth? Audio quality or audio challenges may arise if you’re not using theBT700 and are connecting directly to your computer using Bluetooth. Poly recommends that for the best user and audio experience that the BT700 is used to connect wirelessly to the computer. The BT700is identified by your computer as a soundcard and hence it is available to all applications that use audio. TheBT700 provides additional features such as the ability to answer an incoming call (from a supported softphone) direct from the Voyager Focus 2 headset, battery level status shown on the computer and more that are not available if the headset is connected via the computers own Bluetooth. direct from the Voyager Focus 2 headset, battery level status shown on the computer and more that are not available if the headset is connected via the computers own Bluetooth.Connecting / Pairing / LinkingHow do I connect my Voyager Focus 2 to the BT700 USB adapter? Your BT700 USB adapter is pre-paired to your headset. In the eventthat your adapter is disconnected or brought separately, you will needto pair the adapter to your headset. For this you will need to downloadthe Poly Lens app at /lensa. Insert the Bluetooth USB adapter into your laptop or computerand wait for your computer to recognize it.b. Put your headset in pair mode (slide and hold the Power switchaway from the off position until you hear “pairing” and theheadset LEDs flash red and blue).c. Open Poly Lens, put your Bluetooth USB adapter into pairmode by selecting the three dots on the bottom right corner,45select "Pair Device " in Poly Lens. Your adapter flashes red and blue.d. Pairing is successful when you hear "pairing successful" and"PC connected" and the Bluetooth USB adapter LED is solid.Alternatively, if you have Poly Lens downloaded on your computer you may also plug in your new BT700 device. The software will recognize your new device. Select the three dots in a circle at the bottom right side of the screen and choose “Pair new device ”.Your BT700 Bluetooth USB adapter will remember up to 2 devices but will only connect to one at a time. Make sure that your Voyager Focus 2 devices is the only one connected, if required turn off the second device.How do I connect (pair) my Voyager Focus 2 to my mobile?To connect (pair) your Voyager Focus 2 put your headset in pair mode Do the following: slide and hold the Power switch away from the off position until you hear “pairing ” and the headset LEDs flash red and blue.Activate Bluetooth on your phone and set it to search for new devices.• iPhone Settings > Bluetooth > On *• Android: Settings > Bluetooth : On > Scan for devices*NOTE *Menus may vary by device.Select “Poly VFOCUS2 Series .”If prompted, enter four zeros (0000) for the passcode or accept the connection. Once successfully paired, you hear “pairing successful ” and the headset LEDs stop flashing. NOTE Your headset can pair with up to 8 devices but only maintain 2 connections simultaneously.How do I connect (pair) my Voyager Focus 2 to my computer?Recommendation: For the best user and audio experience that the BT700 Bluetooth USB adapter is used to connect wirelessly to the computer. The BT700 is identified by your computer as a soundcard and hence when it is connected it is available to all applications that use audio.The BT700 provides additional features such as the ability to answer an incoming call (with supported softphones) direct from the Voyager Focus 2 headset, battery level status is shown onthe computer and more that are only available if the headset isconnected with the BT700 USB adapterCan I connect (pair) myVoyager Focus 2 to morethan two devices?Your headset can pair with up to 8 devices but only maintain 2connections simultaneously. For best results ensure that onlythe two devices you want to use at any given time are connectedto the headset. On the other devices ensure that they aredisconnected from the headset.Why can’t I connect myVoyager Focus 2 headset tomy BT700 USB adapter?Your BT700 Bluetooth USB adapter can remember to up to 2devices but can only connect to one at a time. Make sure thatyour Voyager Focus 2 device is the only one connected,if required turn off the second device.How do I stop mobilenotification tones frominterrupting my computeraudio?If you have your Voyager Focus 2 headset connected to yourmobile device, then audio notification tones (email alerts, etc) willinterrupt any audio you are streaming from your computer. Todisable this, use the Poly Lens app.Select the following:Settings > General > Notification Tones > OffHow do I disable the mutereminder notification tones?If you start to speak while muted the headset will alert you via anotification note, to disable this, use the Poly Lens app, go toSelect the following:Settings > General > Mute Reminder Mode > require mode.Why can nobody hear meand / or I can’t hear during acall on my computer?It could be due to a conflict with the unit not being set as defaultwithin the PC or softphone.a. When placing a call make sure the BT700 is flashingblue. Steady blue LED means audio source is close.Press the call control button once.b. Right-click V olume > Sounds > Playback > is the BT700set as default?c. Right-click Volume > Sounds > Recording > is theBT700 set as default?d. Check the audio device settings onyour softphone of choice and make sure speaker andmicrophone are set at default.6e. Disconnect & re-pair the headset and BT700. Then checkif issue persists.Reference the section below which outlines how to connect to aWindows or Mac computer.Why isn’t the music from mycomputer playing throughmy headset?Recommendation:For the best audio results ensure that you are connecting to thecomputer via the included BT700 Bluetooth USB adapter –rather than directly to your computer’s Bluetooth.Also ensure that the BT700 is configured as your audio device inthe operating system and/or the application with which you wishto use the headset.How do I configure myBT700 as an audio deviceon my computer?To connect all your computers audio to the Voyager Focus 2headset, set the BT700 as the default audio device in yourcomputer’s operating system. To configure your Bluetooth (BT)USB adapter:WindowsTo configure your Bluetooth (BT700) USB adapter to playmusic, go toSelect the following:Start menu > Control Panel > Sound > Playback tab. PolyBT700>Default Device > OK.How do I pause music when placing or receiving calls?Start menu > Control Panel > Sound > Communicationstab and select the Mute all other soundsMacGo to Apple menu > System Preferences > Sound.On both the Input and Output tabs, Poly BT700.How do I charge myVoyager Focus 2 headset?Charge your headset using the micro-USB cable or the chargestand (sold separately). The headset LEDs flash when charging.It takes approximately 120 minutes to fully charge your headset.The LEDs turn off once charging is complete.NOTE: The micro-USB cable and charge stand (sold separately)plug into a computer or wall charger's USB port.7OPTIMIZINGWhy is the audio not clear when using my device? This issue could be due to a conflict with drivers, USB port malfunctioning, or corrupt settings.Recommendation:If possible, connect the headset to a different computerand validate the headset is working fine.Check the following:1. Disable all enhancements and check if issue persists.a. Right-click on the Volume > Sounds>playback > headphones > properties >Enhancements > Disable all enhancementsb. Disconnect and re-pair both the headset and theBT700.c. Check if issue persists.2. Run audio trouble shooter.Check if issue persists. It checks for common problems with volume settings, sound card or driver, and your speakers or headphones.a. Select Windows +W and type troubleshooting> Troubleshooting > View All on the top leftcorner > Playing audiob. Following the on-screen instructions to run thetrouble shooter.Why is my headset audio cutting out when using my computer? You may have many competing Bluetooth or Wi-Fi devices inyour home or office. In certain environments with too many competing devices and you may experience interference whichmay cause audio issues.a. What can I do?In this situation you can use your Voyager Focus 2headset as a corded headset and disable the Bluetoothconnection. Disconnect the BT700 USB adapter fromyour computer by unplugging it, power off the headsetand connect your charging (micro-USB) cable directly tothe computer. Ensure that your operating system and/orapplication has the Poly Voyager Focus 2 Series as thedefault audio device (see above).8GETTING THE MOST OUT OF MY DEVICEHow do I maintain the bestdevice performance?a. Regularly charge your device.b. Ensure your software and firmware are up to date onboth your device and computer.c. Use the BT700 to connect your device.Audio quality:Computer, Mobile,and Focus 2How do I stop mobilenotification tones frominterrupting my computeraudio?If you have your Voyager Focus 2 headset connected to yourmobile device, then audio notification tones (email alerts, etc) willinterrupt any audio you are streaming from your computer. Todisable this, use the Poly Lens app.Select the following:Settings > General > Notification Tones > OffHow do I disable the mutereminder notification tones?Smart sensorsIf you start to speak while muted the headset will alert you via anotification note, to disable this, use the Poly Lens app, go toSelect the following:Settings > General > Mute Reminder Mode > require mode.What are smart sensors,and can I disable them?The Voyager Focus 2 headset includes smart sensors whichallow you to automatically answer an incoming call when youplace the headset on your head. If you are streaming media, thesensors are also used to pause the media when you remove theheadset. To disable this, use the Poly Lens app, go toSelect the following:Settings > Sensors & Presence > Wearing Sensor > Off9The smart sensors are not working as expected, can I reset them? To reset the smart sensors with your headset powered on, put your headset into the charge stand for more than 10 seconds.ORPower on your headset while pressing the Mute button for more than 4 seconds until the LEDs flash purple 4 times, being careful to not touch the earcup padding or allow it to come in contact with surfaces.Why does my Voyager Focus 2 headset keep dropping the connection to my mobile / BT700?Charging Your headset can pair with up to 8 devices but only maintain 2 connections simultaneously. For best results ensure that the only the two devices you want to use are connected to the headset. On the other devices ensure that they are disconnected from the headset.How do I check my headset battery status? Slide and release the Power switch away from the off position. Listen to the voice alert or observe the headset LEDs.You can continue to use your headset while charging viathe micro-USB cable.What do I do if my headset talk time is not accurate (as displayed in Poly Lens, or via the voice prompts? Deplete your headset battery and then fully charge to reset the accuracy of the talk time prompt.10FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS (FAQ) 11How do I ensure my software is up to date?If your device is provided by your employer, they likely have software updates covered. It’s always good to ask. If you are the device owner, we recommend remaining updated by performing software updates when prompted. This will optimize your device and allow you to gain new features not previously available as well as resolve possible bugs. For reference, review page 8 of the User Guide Answering Calls Why am I unable to answera softphone call directlyfrom my Voyager Focus 2headset?For best performance, ensure your headset firmware is up to date. See How do I update the firmware on my Voyager Focus 2 headset. Ensure that your softphone is a supported softphone and that only one softphone application is opened at a time. If required to enable headset control (answer/end and mute) functionality, ensure you have Poly Lens desktop app installed. Select the following: Poly Lens desktop app > your choice of softphone application > Softphones > Software Settings > Target Softphone How do I restore my Voyager Focus 2 back tofactory default?Use the Poly Lens app Select the following: Settings > Reset Device > Restore Defaults More troubleshooting options may be found on page 13 of the User Guide. © 2020 Plantronics, Inc. All rights reserved. Poly and the propeller design are trademarks of Plantronics, Inc. TheBluetooth trademark is owned by Bluetooth SIG, Inc. and any use of the mark by Plantronics, Inc. is under license. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners.4/7/2021。

河北省秦皇岛市卢龙县2025届英语九年级第一学期期末考试试题含解析

河北省秦皇岛市卢龙县2025届英语九年级第一学期期末考试试题考生请注意：1．答题前请将考场、试室号、座位号、考生号、姓名写在试卷密封线内，不得在试卷上作任何标记。

2．第一部分选择题每小题选出答案后，需将答案写在试卷指定的括号内，第二部分非选择题答案写在试卷题目指定的位置上。

3．考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。

考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

Ⅰ. 单项选择1、— After so many years of hard work, Tom has finally achieved his goal.—Great! .A．One tree can’t make a forest B．Many hands make light workC．Where there is a will, there is a way D．A friend in need is a friend indeed2、Mr. Wang recommended me a few foreign movies, but ____was to my taste.A．all B．neither C．nothing D．none3、— Do you know our new manager?—Y es. He _______ to be a friend of my brother’s.A．turns up B．turns onC．turns off D．turns out4、To protect the environment, supermarkets don’t ________ free plastic bags to shoppers.A．take B．show C．provide D．carry5、―Excuse me, could you tell me ?―There is a bank on the second floor. Y ou can make it there.A．where the bank is B．how I can get to the bankC．if there's a bank near here D．where I can exchange money6、—Ann, when do you plan to go for your ten-day holiday?—Next month. I’m going away on the and coming back on the 12th.A．first B．second C．third D．fourth7、—Is it cold______winter here? —No, it isn’t. The temperature normally stays______zero.A．in; above B．on; above C．in; below D．on; below8、I have some information about the astronauts _______ is helpful to you.A．who B．what C．that D．whose9、-Could you please when you go out? It smells terrible in the room.-Sure. But where should I put it?A．take out the trash B．sweep the floorC．turn off the light D．fold the clothes10、Mr. Li ____ to give a talk in our school yesterday.A．invites B．is invited C．was invited D．invitedⅡ. 完形填空11、Tom and Sam were twin brothers. They were totally 1 -except for their appearance. Tom had no friends， 2 for Sam，the world was full of friends. Tom was mean，but Sam was not.As their father got old，he wanted to divide his money into halves for his sons. However，Tom disagreed. He argued that whoever was smarter and stronger should get more money. Their father decided to organize a 3 between the two. The two sons had to walk as long as they could and return home before sunset. Whoever covered the longer distance（距离）would get more money. Sam walked as usual，but Tom started to run at once. At noon，Sam decided to 4 so that he could reach home on time.But Tom，to 5 more money，did not go back home. He decided to return as evening fell. Unluckily，he wasn't even halfway home by the time the moon rose.1．A．the same B．outgoing C．different2．A．therefore B．while C．so3．A．competition B．party C．game4．A．return B．eat C．run5．A．spend B．manage C．getⅢ. 语法填空12、语法填空阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。

Monster PRO 2000 PowerCenter 说明书

S A F E T Y P R E C A U T I O N SThank you for purchasing Monster’s PRO 2000 PowerCenter. The PRO 2000 proudly reflects Monster’s unwavering commitment to creating the ultimate performance-enhancing solutionsfor professional audio applications, giving you superior component operation, the highest audio quality, and the best protection for your precious equipment and instruments.Ideal for high quality performance environments and studios,the PRO 2000’s patented Clean Power ™ Stage 2 filter circuitry virtually eliminates the noise that goes right through typical surge protectors. Two isolated filters, optimized for analog and digital equipment, provide excellent AC power line noise rejection and isolation of analog gear from digital components for improved component-generated noise rejection, leaving you with more natural tone, increased dynamic range and none of the “dirty” AC-induced gremlins that would otherwise interfere with the way you and your gear perform. Four high current filtered outlets provide power-hungry amplifiers with the current they need to operate with maximum headroom, the best transient response and the clearest tone.The PRO 2000 is equipped with Monster’s fast-acting, high-capacity 2775 Joule, Multiple SurgeGuard ™ and Dual-Mode Plus Protection Circuitry, which instantly detects any voltage surge or spike,immediately suppresses it before it can reach your gear, and will emit an audible alarm to let you know that surge suppression occurred. Plus, the PRO 2000 has a pair of coaxial connectors and a pair of telephone/network connectors, so you can hook up a computer, a video monitor or a satellite receiver with the confidence thatyou’ve got total equipment protection. Another Monster breakthrough is the PRO 2000’s ultra low loss RF protection, which, unlike other surge protectors, provides complete protection with virtually no signal loss.The PRO 2000’s two separate digital LED meters (“Voltage Availability,” “Current Draw”) and three indicator LEDs (“Protection On,” “Ground OK,”and “Wiring Fault”) report the status of the power coming from your wall outlet and alert you if there are problems. All of the PRO 2000’s 12 switched AC power outlets are widely spaced to accommodate bulky “wall wart” adapters, and the unit’s illuminated power switch also serves double duty as a 15-amp thermal breaker, providing a convenient reset for those instances where the PRO 2000 automatically cuts off power to protect your gear.M o n s t e r , L L C .P O W E R C E N T E R P R O 2000P O W E R C E N T E R P R O 2000A B O U T P O W E R C E N T E R P R O 2000INTRODUCTIONPOWERCENTER PRO 2000 FEATURES1. ON/OFF Switch: This switch turns the PRO 2000 on and off. The switch lights up when turned to the “ON” position, providing power to components plugged into the switched outlets. Pressing the switch to the “OFF” position shuts off power. This switch also acts as the reset for the PRO 2000’s 15-amp thermalbreaker, which automatically cuts off power to protect connected components from over-voltage situations.2. Coaxial Video Monitor/Satellite Antenna Input/Output: Allows you to hook up a video monitor or satellite antenna, and protect your system against power surges coming from them.3. GROUND OK Indicator: Indicates the wall outlet that the PRO 2000 is plugged into is properly grounded.4. PROTECTION ON Indicator: Indicates the PRO 2000’s internal surge protection is active.5. WIRING FAULT Indicator: Indicates that a wall outlet is incorrectly wired.6. Telephone/Network Input/Output: Allows you to hook up to telephone lines (RJ11) or networks (RJ45), and protect your system against power surges coming from them.7. High Current Filtered Outlets: These outlets are intended for power-hungry devices like amplifiers and powered monitors that require high amounts of current for optimal performance.8. Analog Filtered Outlets: These outlets have a special filter circuit that reduces audible noise in your analog musical and professional audio components.9. Digital Filtered Outlets: These outlets have a special filter circuit that reduces audible interference in your digital musical and professional audio components.10. Current and Voltage Availability LED Meters: These digital meters provide constant status regarding the quality and stability of the power coming from the wall outlet to your PRO 2000.11. Extra heavy duty, 10ft. shielded power cord: This power cord’s extra length enables flexible placement of the PRO 2000 to reach inconveniently located wall outlets. The cord’s rugged heavy duty, shielded construction protects it from damagewhile also rejecting RF interference. The cord can be conveniently wrapped around the unit’s end caps for easy storage.12. Gold-plated, three-prong plug: This plug features 24k gold-plated contacts for maximum power transfer. It can be snapped onto the power cord.13. Rubberized ABS-Plastic End Caps: These end caps enhance the PRO 2000’s durable chassis. The unit’s power cord can be wound around the end caps.14. Aluminum Extruded Exterior: This rugged chassis provides an high level of protection and stability when used in its intended operational environment.®INTRODUCTIONAbout Noel Lee, The Head MonsterThe driving force behind the success of the PRO 2000 and the entire Monster Power family is Noel Lee, The Head Monster. Noel is best known for popularizing the concept of high performance audio cable over 20 years ago with his creation of Monster Cable. Originally a laser-fusion design engineer at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory and later a touring musician, Noel has invented or co-invented over 125 U.S. and international patents and drives the explosive growth of The Monster Group into more than 80 countries worldwide. Monster Power is his realization of a long-nurtured vision of making affordable power solutions that deliver the best possible sound and picture.The Head MonsterWith its aluminum extruded exterior and rubberized finish,the PRO 2000 is rugged, road-ready and built to deliver clean, safe power no matter where your music takes you. You’ll really appreciate its 10-ft long, extra heavy duty, shielded power cord—it’s length lets you place the PRO 2000 wherever shared power is needed most, and the cord can be conveniently wound around the unit’s end caps for trip- and tangle-free portability.The three-prong plug, which features 24 karat gold-plated contacts for maximum, instantaneous power transfer, can be snapped onto the power cord when you’re ready to pick up and go.Clean power, clean sound, complete protection and totalconvenience for all professional audio applications. Just like you expect in a Monster Power product . . . because you get more of everything from the Monster.Top View561179138843142110Top View561179138843142110I N S T R U C T I O N SSTEP 1 Outlet Hook-upBecause certain components don’t need continuous power, or shouldn’t be powered continuously, all of the PRO 2000’s outlets are “switched.” This means the components you plug into the PRO 2000 won’t receive power until your unit is turned on.The PRO 2000’s outlets are grouped into three different sections according to specific filter circuitry that is used to eliminate noise and optimize performance for particular types of components. When connecting your gear to the PRO 2000, please select an outlet within the group whose label most closely reflects the type of component you want to use—the descriptions below should help you make the correct choice:• Analog Filtered OutletsMost analog components, like foot pedals and tube preamps, create audible noise that can easily interfere with your signal. These four outlets have a special filter circuit that reduces audible noise in your analog musical and professional audio components.PLEASE READ AND OBSERVE THE FOLLOWING SAFETY POINTS AT ALL TIMESSTEP 1 Outlet Hook-up (Continue on left page)• Digital Filtered OutletsWhile digital components like multi-effect units and computers don’t generate the noises you might associate with analog equipment, their reliance upon clock frequencies and their vulnerability to different bands of noise can create equally problematic interference for your signal. These digital filtered outlets have a special filter circuit that reduces audible interference in your digital musical and professional audio components.• High Current Filtered OutletsThese outlets are intended for power-hungry amplifiers, powered subwoofers and other similar devices that require high amounts of current for optimal performance. Other components will function as intended if connected to these outlets, but devices requiring high current will operate best when plugged into these outlets.I N S T R U C T I O N SHOOK-UP GUIDETROUBLESHOOTINGHOOK-UP GUIDEI N S T R U C T I O N SPROBLEM – The PRO 2000 is not receiving power.Possible Cause #1The PRO 2000 is not turned on.Possible Solutions• Press the PRO 2000 switch into the “ON” position.• Make sure the PRO 2000’s AC power plug is plugged into a properly grounded 120V wall outlet.• In some venuses or studios a wall switch may need to be thrown to make the wall outlet come alive. Try turning on the light switches located near the wall outlet that should be powering the PRO 2000.Possible Cause #2Too many devices are connected, causing an overload, throwingthe Thermal Circuit Breaker. Please note: The total power consumption on all the components powered by the PRO 2000 should not exceed 1875 watts.Possible Solution• Press the PRO 2000’s combination ON/Off/Thermal Circuit Breaker switch into reset. Please allow 10 minutes from the timethe Circuit Breaker is initially thrown before attempting to reset. If you reset too soon, the breaker will prematurely sense power overload and not allow the unit to operate.Possible Cause #3The PRO 2000 power cord is plugged into an outlet on the back of one of your components and the component is not turned on.Possible Solutions• Turn the component power on.NOTE: For the best possible performance, plug the PRO 2000 into a wall outlet, not an outlet on another component.PROBLEM – The PRO 2000 is not providing power to the other components.Possible Cause #1The component is plugged into a switched outlet and the PRO 2000 has not been turned on.Possible Solutions• Turn the PRO 2000 on.Possible Cause #2PRO 2000 is plugged into a switched outlet on a component that is not turned on.Possible Solution• Turn on the component.NOTE: For best possible performance, plug the PRO 2000 into a wall outlet, not an outlet on another component.PROBLEM – Speakers, monitors or headphones emit a humming or buzzing noise.Possible CauseThe PRO 2000 is sharing AC power with equipment that is not properly grounded.Possible Solution• Connect your PRO 2000 to a dedicated outlet.STEP 2 Coaxial Cable TV Hook-upNOTE:You will need additional coaxial cables to connect your PRO 2000 to your components. See illustration in Step 4, which shows a proper grounding schematic.Protect Your Video Monitor/Satellite Antenna/Cable Modem Incoming Coax Line as Follows: • From Ground Block (connected to incoming line) • To Computer, Video Monitor or Satellite Receiver • + See illustration in Step 4STEP 3 Telephone/Network/Cable Modem Hook-upNOTE:You will need additional phone/network cable to connect your PRO 2000 to your components.Protect Your Computer• From incoming phone or network line • To ComputerSTEP 4 GROUNDING YOUR Computer, Video Monitor or Satellite ReceiverProper grounding can be accomplished by using a special grounding block attached to a cold water pipe or copper ground rod driven into the ground. Consult with an electrician to verify your outdoor connections are grounded properly.COAX SECTION OF POWERCENTER PRO 2000POWERCENTER PRO 2000COAXIAL INPUT/OUTPUT CONNECTIONGROUNDING BLOCK ON COLD WATER PIPE OR GROUNDING RODDISH CABLE TVOR CABLE MODEMOR VCRTVSIGNAL SPLITTERPOWERCENTER PRO 2000 - Digital Filtered OutletsPOWERCENTER PRO 2000 - High Current OutletsWARNING – POWER SOURCESDo not plug your Monster POWERCENTER into a power outlet that differs from the source indicated for safe use on the Monster POWERCENTER. If you don’t know the type of electrical power that is supplied to your home, please consult your local power company.WARNING – GROUNDING AND POLARIZATIONA. Your Monster POWERCENTER has a three-wire grounding-type AC plug (a three-prong plug). This plug is designed to be inserted into a grounding-type outlet only. If this plug doesn’t fit directly into your outlet, do not attempt to force it into the outlet. Instead, reverse the plug and reinsert it. If this doesn’t work, contact a local electrician to install the proper polarized outlet. Never attempt to dismantle the plug in any way (or to alter an extension cord) to make it fit into a two-prong outlet. Do not attempt to defeat the grounding feature by using a 3-to-2-prong adapter. Instead, call a local electrician to install a properly grounded outlet.B. If you use rooftop devices such as satellite dishes, antennas, or any other component with wire that connects to your Monster POWERCENTER, be sure the wire(s) is properly grounded. This protects against voltage surges and static charges. Do not place any part of an antenna near overhead power lines, or any other power circuit. Do not touch any power line or power circuit. Doing so may cause you severe physical injury and possibly result in death.WARNING – STORM PRECAUTIONSIn the event of a lightning storm, immediately disconnect your Monster POWERCENTER from its power source. After you’ve done this, it’s not necessary to disconnect any components from your Monster POWERCENTER.WARNING – NO USER SERVICEABLE PARTS INSIDEIf, for any reason, your Monster POWERCENTER is not operating properly, do not remove any part of the unit (cover, etc.) for repair. Unplug the unit and consult this owner’s manual for warranty and service information.WARNING – EXPOSURE TO HEATDO NOT EXPOSE YOUR MONSTER POWERCENTER TO DIRECT SUNLIGHT OR PLACE IT NEAR WALL HEATERS, SPACE HEATERS, OR ANY ENCLOSED SPACE PRONE TO TEMPERATURE INCREASE (E.G., CAR TRUNK).WARNING – LIQUID: AVOIDING ELECTRICAL SHOCKSDo not operate your Monster POWERCENTER if liquid of any kind is spilled onto or inside the unit. Do not operate your Monster POWERCENTER near rain or water that’s spilled or openly exposed (e.g., bathtub, kitchen or bathroom sink).WARNING – POWER CORD SAFETYA. When routing your Monster POWERCENTER AC power cord, do not place it nearheavy foot traffic areas (e.g., hallways, doorways, and kitchen floors). Do not create a trip hazard with the power cord.B. If your power cord’s protective jacket begins to rip or fray, exposing the internal wiring, shielding, etc., disconnect it from the power source and discontinue use of the Monster POWERCENTER immediately. Please see warranty information.WARNING – PROPER CLEANINGIn general, the only cleaning necessary for your Monster POWERCENTER is a light dusting. Unplug your component from the wall outlet before cleaning it. Do not use any type of liquid or aerosol cleaners.WARNING – MEDICAL CONDITIONSThe POWERCENTER is not intended to be mounted on a desk or a similar furnishing surface.P R O B L E M S A N D S O L U T I O N SI N S T R U C T I O N SI N S T R U C T I O N SProperly Grounding Your SystemHOOK-UP GUIDEHOOK-UP GUIDEPOWERCENTER PRO 2000Analog Filtered OutletsTV/Satellite/Cable Modem ProtectionPhone/Network/DSL Protection。

GasAlertMicro 5 系列便携式气体检测仪器说明书

VOCs, CO 2, LEL, H 2S, CO, O 2, SO 2, PH 3, NH 3, NO 2, HCN, Cl 2, ClO 2, O 3Protect yourselfCompact and lightweight, GasAlertMicro 5 Series instruments areavailable in diffusion or pumped instruments. The portable gas detectors simultaneously monitors and displays up to five potential atmospheric hazards. The GasAlertMicro 5 PID model also identifies PID detectable VOCs, while the GasAlertMicro 5 IR uses an NDIR sensor to monitorCO 2 levels. Adaptable to a variety of applications, GasAlertMicro 5 Series instruments have an extensive selection of user-settable field options. Use the passcode function to prevent unauthorized modifications of the instrument’s settings. Compatible with BW’s MicroDock II automatic test and calibration system, GasAlertMicro 5 Series instruments are unparalleled in their versatility, performance and overall value.Standard Package Contents• D etector complete with specified sensor(s), stainless steel alligator clip and concussion-proof housing• Rechargeable battery pack or alkaline pack with three AA batteries • Cradle charger and wall outlet charging adaptor (with rechargeable battery option)• Sample probe (with motorized pump option)• Screwdriver• Calibration/test adaptor and hose • Manual• Multi-language CD manual General SpecificationsSize 5.7 x 2.9 x 1.5 in. / 14.5 x 7.4 x 3.8 cm Weight 13.1 oz. / 370 gOperating temperature -4 to +122°F / -20 to +50°C14 to +104°F / -10 to +40°C (PID)Typical battery life 20 hours (15 hours PID/IR)**Based on a 5-gas instrument in diffusion mode at 68ºF / 20ºCCertifications and approvalsClass I, Div. 1, Gr. A, B, C, D American Bureau of Shipping (Toxic and PID models)ATEX: X g II 1 G Ga Ex ia IIC T4*X g II 2 G (IR model only)Ex d ia IIC T4*IECEx: Ga Ex ia IIC T4* Ex d ia IIC T4* (IR model only)*Temperature codes may vary as a function of the batteries installed. Please see owner’s manual for a complete listing of compatible batteries and codes.WarrantyFull two year warranty including sensors (one year Cl 2, NH 3, O 3, ClO 2 and PID sensor)5612-15GasAlertMicro 5.....................................................................................50GasAlertMicro 5 PID ..............................................................................52GasAlertMicro 5 IR ................................................................................54GasAlertMicro 5 Series Accessories, Spares & Replacements ............56GasAlertMicro 5 Series Service Parts (60)GasAlertMicro 5 DetectorOrder NumberGasAlertMicro 5 Region CodesNote: Listed above are commonly ordered instrument configurations. To create a custom GasAlertMicro 5 detector, use the configurator table on the next page or contact BW Technologies for a copy of the electronic order number configurator.GasAlertMicro 5Pump versionGasAlertMicro 5Diffusion versionOrder Number ConfiguratorOrder number:For example, the order number for a GasAlertMicro 5 configured for O 2, %LEL, Cl 2, H 2S and CO and equipped with a rechargeable battery pack and cradle charger, motorized sampling pump, yellow housing and North American powerconnectivity would be M5-XWCY-R-P-D-Y-N-00.*Note: Some gases (e.g. SO 2 and NH 3) cannot be combined in the same GasAlertMicro 5 configuration. Please checkwith Customer Service for specific availability.†Note: HCN can only be ordered in the Toxic 1 location when the Duo-Tox (CO/H 2S) sensor is ordered in theToxic 2 location. In all other configurations, HCN must be ordered in the Toxic 2 location.Note: Listed above are commonly ordered instrument configurations. To create a custom GasAlertMicro 5 PID detector, use the configurator table on the next page or contact BW Technologies for a copy of the electronic order number configurator.GasAlertMicro 5 PIDPump versionGasAlertMicro 5 PIDDiffusion versionOrder Number ConfiguratorOrder number:For example, the order number for a GasAlertMicro 5 PID configured for O 2, %LEL, VOCs, H 2S and CO and equipped with a rechargeable battery pack and cradle charger, motorized sampling pump, yellow housing and North Americanpower connectivity would be M5PID-XWQY-R-P-D-Y-N-00.*Note: Some gases cannot be combined in the same GasAlertMicro 5 configuration. Please check with CustomerService for specific availability.GasAlertMicro 5 IR DetectorOrder NumberGasAlertMicro 5 IR Region CodesNote: Listed above are commonly ordered instrument configurations. To create a custom GasAlertMicro 5 IR detector, use the configurator table on the next page or contact BW Technologies for a copy of the electronic order number configurator.Gas LegendGasAlertMicro 5 IRPump versionGasAlertMicro 5 IRDiffusion versionOrder number:For example, the order number for a GasAlertMicro 5 IR configured for O 2, %LEL, CO 2, H 2S and CO and equipped with a rechargeable battery pack and cradle charger, motorized sampling pump, yellow housing and North American powerconnectivity would be M5IR-XWBY-R-P-D-Y-N-00.*Note: Some gases cannot be combined in the same GasAlertMicro 5 configuration. Please check with CustomerService for specific availability.Order Number ConfiguratorDeluxe Confined Space KitM5-CK-DLConcussion-Proof BootGA-BM5-2For GasAlertMicro 5 Seriespumped unitsCarrying HolsterGA-HM5Fits securely on belt Confined Space Kits Order Number Carrying & Protective Accessories Order NumberConcussion-Proof BootGA-BM5-1For GasAlertMicro 5 Seriesdiffusion unitsSampling & Testing Equipment Order NumberNote: For complete list of Sampling & Testing Equipment, see the Sampling Equipment section.ReplacementTest Cap and HoseM5-TC-1Pump ModuleM5-PUMPReplacementDiffusion CoverM5-DC-1Manual Aspirator PumpGA-AS02For remote sampling; complete withprobe, hose and aspirator pumpAuxiliary Pump Filter withHose ConnectorM5-QCONN-K1Auxiliary Pump FilterM5-AF-K2 / M5-AF-K2-100Kit of 5 or 100, for legacyGeneration 1 pump modules onlyAuxiliary Pump FilterM5-AF-K3 / M5-AF-K3-100Kit of 5 or 100, for Generation 2pump modulesPower Accessories Order Number *Note: Battery packs and chargers should be used with the new version GasAlertMicro 5 Series gas detectors (red circuit boards).MicroDock IIOrder Number Cradle ChargerM5-C01Cradle charger for rechargeable battery packs(can charge battery pack with or without detector attached)Vehicle Adaptor 12 V dcGA-V-CHRG4Vehicle adaptor cable for use with cradle charger (M5-C01)Cradle Charger Kit with BatteryM5-C01-BAT08 / M5-C01-BAT08BComplete with charger and rechargeable battery packAlkaline Battery PackM5-BAT0501/M5-BAT0501B M5-BAT0502/M5-BAT0502BRechargeable Battery PackM5-BAT08/M5-BAT08B5062-26-NCL-EN59PID Cleaning KitM5PID-CLN-K1For PID sensorsReplacement Electrode StackM5PID-ES-1For PID sensorsReplacement 10.6 eV PID LampRL-PID10.6For PID sensorsReplacement Sensor Screens Order Number Replacement SensorsOrder Number Note: All sensors come with a 2 year warranty unless marked with an asterisk (*), denoting 1 year warranty.†Advisory: Detectors are equipped on a standard basis with SR-W04 combustible sensors. This sensor includes a heavy duty silicone filter that make it ideal for use in environments that have known sources of silicone or vapors containing silicon. The SR-W04 silicone filter equipped sensor should not be used when monitoring diesel, kerosene, jet fuel or other heavy hydrocarbon vapors with flashpoint temperatures above 38°C (100°F).Replacement IR SensorSR-B04Replacement PID SensorSR-Q07www.CanarySense .ca Shop for Gas products online at:1.800.561.8187605062-26-NCL-EN Note: Please refer to the instrument’s documentation (shipped with the product or available at ) for complete instructions on common service procedures. Improper servicing or maintenance may affect warranty eligibility. Honeywell assumes no liability for damages resulting from improper servicing or maintenance.www.CanarySense.caShop for Gas products online at: 1.800.561.81875062-26-NCL-EN61Note: Please refer to the instrument’s documentation (shipped with the product or available at ) for complete instructions on common service procedures. Improper servicing or maintenance may affect warranty eligibility. Honeywell assumes no liability for damages resulting from improper servicing or maintenance.LegendService PartsOrder Number How to Replace a Sensor1. With detector OFF , use No. 1 Phillips screwdriver to remove2 screws (G) from back enclosure (F) on either side of the belt clip 2. Lift diffusion cover (A) or pump module straight up3. Remove sensor (O-R) by pulling straight up from PCB (E)4. Insert new sensor (O-R) into PCB (E)5. Replace diffusion cover (A) or pump module6. Replace 2 screws (G) in back enclosure (F) andhand-tighten until firmHow to Replace the Sensor Screen1. With detector OFF , use No. 1 Phillips screwdriver to remove2 screws (G) from back enclosure (F) on either side of the belt clip 2. Lift diffusion cover (A) or pump module straight up3. Remove sensor screen (B) by pulling it straight up fromdiffusion cover (A) or pump module4. Insert sensor screen (B) into diffusion cover (A) orpump module5. Replace diffusion cover (A) or pump module6. Replace 2 screws (G) in back enclosure (F) andhand-tighten until firmwww.CanarySense .ca Shop for Gas products online at:1.800.561.8187。

生物实验报告英语

Introduction:Photosynthesis is a fundamental process in which green plants convert light energy into chemical energy, producing oxygen and glucose in the process. This experiment aimed to investigate the effects of light intensity on the rate of photosynthesis in a specific plant species,such as spinach or lettuce. By manipulating the light conditions and measuring the resulting oxygen production or glucose accumulation, wecan better understand the relationship between light and photosynthesis.Objective:The objective of this experiment was to determine the effect of light intensity on the rate of photosynthesis in spinach leaves.Materials and Methods:Materials:- Fresh spinach leaves- Three light sources with varying intensities (e.g., 1000 lux, 2000 lux, and 3000 lux)- Three beakers- Sodium bicarbonate solution (NaHCO3)- Distilled water- Sodium hydroxide solution (NaOH)- pH test strips- Stopwatches- Light meters- Spectrophotometer- Chlorophyll extraction solution (e.g., 95% ethanol and 5% acetone)- Test tubes- Microscope- CameraMethods:1. Preparation of Plant Samples:- Harvest spinach leaves from a healthy plant and wash them thoroughly.- Remove any damaged or discolored leaves.- Cut the leaves into small, uniform pieces for consistent experimentation.2. Light Intensity Setup:- Place three beakers on a flat surface.- Position the light sources above the beakers, ensuring that the light is evenly distributed.- Use a light meter to measure the intensity of light at the level of the plant samples.3. Photosynthesis Experiment:- Place a small amount of spinach leaves in each beaker.- Add 10 mL of sodium bicarbonate solution to each beaker to provide a source of carbon dioxide.- Cover the beakers with lids to minimize evaporation and CO2 loss.- Record the initial pH of the solution using pH test strips.- Start the stopwatch and expose the spinach leaves to the light sources for 30 minutes.- After 30 minutes, turn off the light sources and remove the lids from the beakers.- Measure the pH of the solution again using pH test strips.4. Chlorophyll Extraction and Analysis:- Use a spectrophotometer to measure the absorbance of chlorophyll in the spinach leaves at a specific wavelength (e.g., 645 nm).- Prepare a chlorophyll extraction solution by mixing 95% ethanol and 5% acetone.- Transfer the spinach leaves into the extraction solution and incubate for 24 hours.- Measure the absorbance of the extracted chlorophyll solution at the same wavelength.- Calculate the chlorophyll content based on the absorbance values.5. Data Analysis:- Compare the pH changes in the solution of each beaker to determine the rate of photosynthesis.- Analyze the chlorophyll content in the spinach leaves to assess the overall health and photosynthetic activity.- Plot the data on a graph to visualize the relationship betweenlight intensity and photosynthesis rate.Results:The pH of the solution in each beaker was measured before and after the experiment. The results showed a decrease in pH in all beakers, indicating the release of carbon dioxide during photosynthesis. The rate of pH decrease was greater in the beakers with higher light intensities, suggesting that the rate of photosynthesis was higher under those conditions.The chlorophyll content in the spinach leaves was measured using a spectrophotometer. The results showed that the chlorophyll content was higher in the leaves exposed to higher light intensities, indicating increased photosynthetic activity.Discussion:The experiment confirmed that light intensity has a significant effect on the rate of photosynthesis in spinach leaves. As light intensity increases, the rate of photosynthesis also increases, as indicated by the higher pH decrease and chlorophyll content in the leaves exposed to higher light intensities.This finding aligns with the light reaction of photosynthesis, which occurs in the thylakoid membranes of chloroplasts and requires light energy to produce ATP and NADPH. Higher light intensity provides more energy for the light-dependent reactions, leading to increased ATP and NADPH production, which in turn enhances the light-independent reactions (Calvin cycle) and overall photosynthesis rate.Conclusion:This experiment demonstrated that light intensity plays a crucial rolein regulating the rate of photosynthesis in spinach leaves. By understanding the relationship between light and photosynthesis, we can optimize plant growth conditions and enhance crop yields. Further research could explore the specific mechanisms by which light intensity affects photosynthesis and its potential implications for agriculture and environmental science.References:- Demmig-Adams, B., & Adams, W. W. (2012). Plant biology. Pearson Education.- Arnon, D. I. (1949). Copper enzymes in isolated chloroplasts. Polyphenol oxidase in beta vulgaris. Plant Physiology, 24(1), 1-15.- light intensity and photosynthesis. (2020). In Photosynthesis (pp.265-284). Springer, Cham.。

Viking 消防救生设备资料

Scope of supply for each shipset:POS Equipment Specification QTY Page 1Short fireman's axe, 33cm3PCS1 2BATTERY, FOR SIGNAL LAMP6PCS3 3BATTERY, FOR SIGNAL LAMP8PCS3 4EEBD M-20.2 International Maritime - CE7PCS4-5 5EEBD M-20.2 Storage Rack, OCENCO7PCS6 6SAFETYBELT, 2 D-RINGS, WITH SAFETY LINE3PCS7 7RESCUE-DAN M1 FOR LIFEJACKET43PCS8-9 8MOUNTING OF LIGHT 1012426 RESCUE-DAN M13PCS9Personal leather holder, short fireman's3PCS10FIRE EXT., ABC, 6KG, CART., FIRESAFE4PCS10 11FIRE EXT., ABC, 12KG, CART., FIRESAFE86PCS11 12FIRE EXT., FOAM, 9LTR, CART., FIRESAFE43PCS12 13FIRE EXT., CO2, 5 KG, S.P., FIRESAFE4PCS13 14FIRE EXT., CO2, 5 KG, S.P., FIRESAFE4PCS15CARTRIDGE CO2 110 GRAM - UK4PCS14 16CART., FOR 12KG ABC FIRE EXT. FIRESAFE48PCS15 17CARTRIDGE CO2 75 GRAM - UK27PCS16 18FOAM, AFFF, 6%, 0.9LTR BOTTLE, FIRESAFE27PCS17 19CHEMICAL SUIT, TESIMAX GS3 SYKAN 24PCS18 20FIREMAN'S LIFELINE, INCL. SNAPHOOK3PCS19 21TORCH LIGHT, ATEX, 2317C3PCS20 22LIFEBUOY, 72CM, 2.5KG, VIKING10PCS21 23LIFEBUOY, 72CM, 4,3KG VIKING2PCS21 24LIFEBUOY FLOATING LINE, 30 MTR2PCS22 25AFFF FOAM, 6%, 2.7LTR1PCS23-33 26AFFF FOAM, 6% - 9,46 LTR1PCS27AFFF FOAM, 6%, 20 LTR16PCS28ABC DRY POWDER, FOR 6KG4PCS34-40 29ABC DRY POWDER, FOR 12KG48PCS30JET/SPRAY NOZZLE, 16MM, W/STORZ-65, ALU95PCS41 31JET/SPRAY NOZZLE, 16MM, W/STORZ-65, ALU5PCS32FIRE HOSE, STD., 2.5", 15M, STZ-65, ALU5PCS42 33FIRE HOSE, STD., 2.5", 20M, STZ-65, ALU95PCS34NECK PROTECTION FOR BULLARD HELMET3PCS43 35VISOR+ALU.FRAME FOR BULLARD HELMET3PCS44 36CYLINDER FOR SCBA, 6L, 300BAR, AIRFILLED15PCS4537MOB (LIGHT+SMOKE), c/w battery,brckt Hh2PCS46-48 38Line throwing device, 4 shot - HuaHai1PCS49-50 39Parachute Signal rocket - HuaHai12PCS51-53 40LIFEBUOY FLOATING LINE, 50 MTR2PCS22 41PLT - MOORING 150(art no 5000)2PCS42INT. SHORE CONNECTION, STORZ-65, BRASS2PCS54 43FOAM NOZZLE W INDUCTOR 200L,HV225 STZ 658PCS55-56 44Water Fog Applicator w/ storz 65 alu adp18PCS57 45QUICK RELEASE CASES FOR LIFEBUOYS - PAIR2SET58 46SCBA, WITHOUT CYL. SPASCIANI - NEW5PCS59-61 47LIFEBUOY BRACKET Y-STYLE, 72 cm SS31610PCS62 48BRACKET FOR 5KG CO2, FIRE EXT. NEW4PCS63 49BRACKET, FOR 6 KG/LTR, FIRE EXT. NEW4PCS64 50BRACKET, FOR 9 KG/LTR, FIRE EXT. NEW43PCS65 51BRACKET, FOR 12 KG/LTR, FIRE EXT. NEW86PCS66 52GRP BOX, 100X50X50 CM F. LIFEJACKETS NEW3PCS67 53GRP BOX, 100X40X30 CM - NEW8PCS68 54LIFEBUOY LIGHT, EXCL. BAT, INCL. BRACKET4PCS69-70 55FIRE EXT., FOAM, 50LTR, CART., A.B.S2PCS71-72 56FIRE EXT., FOAM, 150LTR, CART., A.B.S1PCS73-74 57CART, FOR 50LTR FOAM, EXT, A.B.S1PCS75 58CART, FOR 150LTR FOAM, EXT, A.B.S1PCS76 59NYLON CLIP FOR LIFEBUOY LIGHT, SDM4PCS60FIRE HOSE, STD., 2.5", 10M, STZ-65, ALU8PCS42 61SHIP PACKAGE, ALU. w/BULLARD HELMET3PCS77 62SOLAS RIGID LIFEJACKET, X-CONCEPT, CHILD3PCS78 63SOLAS RIGID LIFEJACKET, X-CONCEPT, ADULT43PCS79Pls find latest authorized Viking Servicing Stations atITEM NO.: 1001236Short Handled Fireman AxeLenght : 34 mm. Weight : 1 Kg.The fire brigade hatchet according to the new DIN 14924 – FDB substitutes the previous hatchet and offers additional benefits in mission. Due to the integratedthree edged wedge further tools as e.g. key for locking post are no longer necessary.Drop forged head made of high quality steel, clean sharpened blade, accurate processing,hardened steel pipe shafts, slip proof ergonomic rubber handle.ITEM NO.: 1004258D-BatteryThe signal lamp uses one battery (D-battery)Battery for signal lampThe Ocenco M-20.2 compressed oxygen EEBD (Emergency Escape Breathing Device) provides up to 32 minutes of protection.The Ocenco M-20.2 EEBD can be donned in seconds; simply unlatch the case, pull out the unit, and insert the mouthpiece and nose clip. The attached hood can be donned atanytime during the escape.The compressed oxygen andmouthpiece combination allows theOcenco M-20.2 EEBD to be donnedin a smoke filled environment.The compact Ocenco M-20.2 EEBDcan be belt worn in all confined spaces.Quick, easy use —The Ocenco M-20.2 EEBD - THE WORLD’SSMALLEST AND MOST DURABLE EEBD.Think of it as a Life Preserver You Wear on Your BeltTHE OCENCO M-20.2 EEBD:ACCESSORIES M-20.2T Trainer — complete with two extra mouthpieces, in a lightblue secondary container. Teaches donning from both the worn andstored position.M-20.2 Secondary container — included with each M-20.2 but may be ordered separately.M-20.2 Storage bracket — Bright orange welded steel bracket with quick opening Velcro ™ closure.Typical performance duration 15-32 minutesDonning timeless than 10 seconds Weight3.1 lbs (1.4 kg)DimensionsM-20.2 EEBD - 6.8 x 6.8 x 3 in (17 x 17 x 7.6 cm)Secondary Container - 8.2 x 9.2 x 4.2 in (21 x 23 x 10 cm)Storage temperature range-4°F to 149°F (-20° C to 65° C)Service life15 Years Oxygen delivery systemAutomatic on, compressed oxygen, demand regulatedInspectionAnnual visual for stored units M20.2 NSN No.NSN 1HM 4240-01-439-5937M-20.2T Trainer NSN No.NSN 1HM 4240-01-459-0078LakeView Corporate Park10225 82nd AvenuePleasant Prairie, WI 53158-5801U. S. A.Phone: (262) 947-9000Fax: (262) 947-9020 M-20.2 PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICSAND PERFORMANCE DATABreathing bagPull cord Bottom caseRelief valve GaugeMouthpieceOxygen cylinderRegulatorM-20.2 EEBDEMERGENCY ESCAPEBREATHING DEVICETeflon is a registered trademark of the DuPont Corporation.® Teflon hoodWaist belt, safety belt with 2 D-rings, and 2 metre safety line with snap hook.Fire extinguisher, cartridge,6 KgSpare CO2 cartridge for 6 kg ABC Dry powder extinguisher (110g Zinc CO2 cartridge), Firesafe.Fire extinguisher, cartridge12 Kg, ABC Dry powderSpare CO2 cartridge for 12 kg ABC Dry powder extinguisher (225g Zinc CO2 cartridge), Firesafe.Fire extinguisher, cartridge, 9 liters AFF foamSpare CO2 cartridge for 9 Ltr. AFF foam extinguisher (75g PVC CO2 Cartridge), Firesafe.AFFF 6% foam 0,9 litre concentrate AFFF, 6% foam for fire extinguisher 0.9ltr in a bottle, Firesafe.Chemical Protective Suits Type GS 3The innovative design of the lightweight suits combines improved mechanical strength with a chemical protection barrier against a wide range of chemical and biological hazards. Additionally, the GS 3 SYKA®N 4 offers you as the only one worldwide real heat protection out of KEVLAR®. Quality of the future made in Germany !Suit description:Single piece protective suit with a gas proof elastic rubber seal in the hood for secure fit under full face masks. The suit is cut in such a way that a liquid- and gas-proof zip fastener, integrated horizontally from arm to arm across the back, makes it easy to take the suit on and off. Exchangeable chemical protection gloves and boots type S1 are added in exchange technology. Available in various materials:SYKAN® 2 material description:SYKAN® 2 has a reinforcement fabric made of polyester that is coated with an orange-coloured elastomer. Additionally SYKAN® 2 offers a very economical end price to the consumer through its optimised manufacturing process.Additionally Informations:•Breathing apparatus: worn outside (not supplied)•weight GS 3 SYKAN® 2: approx. 2,5 kg without parts (gloves and boots)•EN Type class (both suits): Category III- part 1 and 2 – Type 1b ET –PSA-Guideline 89/686/EU – MED certification•Boots: S1 FPA (Size 46) EN 345 – Quick Exchange System •Gloves: WIPAN® C – Quick Exchange SystemOrder data:•GS 3 SYKAN® 2 0222-212ITEM NO.: 1022167Fire Proof Safety Line30 m Safety line complate with snap hook at both ends Fire proof safety lineApproved according to MED/SOLASFireproof life line with thimble at both ends with two snaphooks. Length: 30 mtr.Bright Star Lighting Products Engineering Data Sheet: 2317CLifebuoyMED approved by GL with Wheel Mark:Complies with latest requirement of SOLAS'74/96 and LSA Code Completed with retro-reflective strapsDiamention: 720x440x105mmBuoyancy not less than 14.5kgColour: OrangeMaximum stowage height: 50mCode 542 Type XT5555, 2.5kgCode 558 Type XT5555-1, 4.3kgFloating line, orange, for lifebuoyDiameter: 8 mm.Length: 30 m.ITEM NO.: 1022628Description : Line 8 mm. Life Buoy, OrangeDescription of Raw material : High tenacity Polypropylene multifilament, 2% UV Breaking strength min. : 9.20 Kn.Application temp. : -30 to +65 °C.Min. Weight per mtr. : 28 grs.AQUEOUS FILM FORMING FOAM EXTINGUISHING AGENTModel: AFFF6%Technical Specifications1 Specific Gravity (g/cm3) （20℃）: 1.00~1.052. Viscosity（20℃）pa.s : ≤0.0203. Appearance : pale yellow liquidChemical family : surfactant mixture firefighting4. PH: 7.5-8.55. Sediment % V/V ≤0.16. Spreading coefficient (mN/m) Positive numberpatibility : different types of foam concentrate should not be mixed under any circumstances-8.Freezing point : ≤ - 10℃9.Stability : stable10.Expansion : 6.5±20%11.1/4 drainage time : minutes 2.5±20%12.Manufacturing date : not more than six months of placing the order13. Unit of measurement: liter -14. Storage temperature: －2.5℃~ 49℃15. Product Shelflife : 8~10 Years16. Fire extinguishing Time min ≤317. Burn-back time,min ≥ 152(Remark: The area of the fire test vat is 4.52 m, the fire test fuel is 150 liters petrol )18 GOOD COMPATIBILITY WITH DRY CHEMICAL POWDERTESTING STANDARD: ISO 7203 - 1 or China National Standard:GB 15308-2006MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEETFor SL - AFFF3%AQUEOUS FILM FORMING FOAM EXTINGUISHING AGENT(AFFF) (Liquid Concentrate)Section 1 –CHEMICAL PRODUCT AND COMPANY IDENTIFICATIONMaterial IdentificationProduct: AFFF3% Aqueous Film Forming Foam Extinguishing Agent Synonyms: AFFF3% Fire Fighting Foam ConcentrateCAS No: Mixture - No single CAS # applicableCompany IdentificationManufacturer:Xinghua Suolong Fire Extinguishing Agents Co., Ltd.Address:No. 109 Fengshou south Road, Xinghua, Jiangsu, ChinaTel:(86)523-82300896 Fax: (86)523-83262095E-mail: suolong@ , Website: Section 2 - COMPOSITION / INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS40~50 % Distilled water CAS:7732-18-520~30% vesicant from Synthetic Detergents Proprietary Mixture,no single CAS Number applicable0.3~1% amylose（rank: touchable） CAS: 9004-53-90.5%- 5% Fluoro surfactant Confidential Polymer1~10% Ethylene glycol CAS: 107-21-11~15% butyl glycol ether 112-34-51~10% urea 89774-74-3Section 3 - HAZARDS IDENTIFICATIONPotential Health EffectsInhalationVapors are minimal at room temperature. If product is heated or sprayed as an aerosol, airborne material may cause respiratory irritation.Skin ContactContact with liquid may cause moderate irritation or dermatitis due to removal of oils from the skin.Eye ContactProduct is an eye irritant.IngestionNot a hazard in normal industrial use. Small amounts swallowed during normal handling operations are not likely to cause injury; swallowing large amounts may cause injury or irritation.Carcinogenicity InformationNo data available.Section 4 - FIRST AID MEASURESInhalationNo specific treatment is necessary since this material is not likely to be hazardous by inhalation.If exposed to excessive levels of airborne aerosol mists, remove to fresh air. Seek medica attention if effects occur.Skin ContactIn case of skin contact, wash off in flowing water or shower. Launder clothing before reuse.Eye ContactIn case of eye contact, flush eyes promptly with water for 15 minutes. Retract eyelids often to ensure thorough rinsing. Consult a physician if irritation persists.IngestionSwallowing less than an ounce is not expected to cause significant harm. For larger amounts, do not induce vomiting. Give milk or water. Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Seek medical attention.Section 5 - FIRE FIGHTING MEASURESFlammable PropertiesFlash Point - Not applicableFire and Explosion HazardsAvoid contact with water reactive materials, burning metals and electrically energized equipment.Extinguishing MediaProduct is an extinguishing media. Use media appropriate for surrounding materials.Special Fire Fighting InstructionsThis product will produce foam when mixed with water.Section 6 - ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURESSafeguards (Personnel)NOTE: Review FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES and HANDLING (Personnel) sections before proceeding with clean-up. Use appropriate Personal Protective Equipment during clean-up.Accidental Release MeasuresConcentrateStop flow if possible. Use appropriate protective equipment during clean up. For small volume releases, collect spilled concentrate with absorbent material; place in approved container. For large volume releases, contain and collect for use where possible. Flush area with water until it no longer foams. Exercise caution, surfaces may be slippery. Prevent discharge of concentrate to waterways. Disposal should be made in accordance with National , federal, state and local regulations.Foam/Foam SolutionSee above. Flush with water. Prevent discharge of foam/foam solution to waterways. Do not discharge into biological sewer treatment systems without prior approval. Disposal should be made in accordance with National , federal, state and local regulations.Section 7 – HANDLING AND STORAGEHandling (Personnel)Avoid contact with eyes, skin or clothing. Avoid ingestion or inhalation. Rinse skin and eyes thoroughly in case of contact. Review HAZARDS and FIRST AID sections. StorageRecommended storage environment is between －2.5℃ and 49℃. Store product in original shipping container or tanks designed for product storage.Section 8- EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTIONEngineering ControlsSpecial ventilation is not required.Personal Protective EquipmentRespiratoryRecommended exposure limits have not been determined for this material. Respiratory protection not needed for normal use.The need for respiratory protection should be evaluated by a qualified health specialist.Protective ClothingRubber or PVC gloves recommended.Eye ProtectionSafety glasses, face shield or chemical splash goggles must be worn when possibility exists for eye contact. Contact lenses should not be worn. Eye wash facilities are recommended.Other Hygienic PracticesUse good personal hygiene practices. Wash hands before eating, drinking, smoking, or using toilet facilities. Promptly remove soiled clothing and wash thoroughly before reuse.Exposure GuidelinesExposure Limits(2-Methoxymethylethoxy) Propanol (34590-94-8)PEL(OSHA)100 ppm, 8 hr. TWA Skin150 ppm, 15 min. STEL SkinTLV (ACGIH)100 ppm, 8 hr. TWA Skin150 ppm, 15 min. STEL SkinSection 9- PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIESPhysical DataAppearance and colour: Pale yellow liquidBoiling Point: Not applicableVapor Pressure: Not applicableVapor Density: Not applicableMelting Point: Not applicableEvaporation Rate: <1 (Butyl Acetate = 1.0)Solubility in Water: 100%pH: 7.5-8.5Specific Gravity: 1.02 @ 25℃Odor: Mild, pleasantSection 10 - STABILITY AND REACTIVITYChemical StabilityStable.Incompatibility, Materials to AvoidAvoid use of product on burning metals, electrically-energized equipment and contact with water reactive materials.PolymerizationWill not occur.Section Section 11 - TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATIONMammalian ToxicityIngestionThis material was not toxic when administered to Wistar Albino rats at an acute oral dose of 5g/kg body weight.EyeAnimal testing indicates this material is a primary eye irritant when tested undiluted on New Zealand Albino Rabbits.SkinAnimal testing indicates this material is not a primary skin irritant when tested undiluted on New Zealand Albino Rabbits.InhalationNo data available at this time.Carcinogenic, Developmental, Reproductive, Mutagenic EffectsNo data available on this material.Section 12 - ECOLOGICAL INFORMATIONAdopt good working practices, so that the product is not released into the environment.BIODEGRADABLESection 13 -DISPOSAL CONSIDERATIONSIn so doing, comply with the local and national regulations currently in force. ConcentrateDo not discharge into biological sewer treatment systems without prior approval. Specific concerns are high BOD load and foaming tendency. Low dosage flow rate or antifoaming agents acceptable to the treatment plant may be helpful. Do not flush to waterways. Disposal should be made in accordance with the local and national regulations.Foam/Foam SolutionOur AFFF 3% foam solution can be treated by waste water treatment facilities. Discharge into biological sewer treatment facilities may be done with prior approval. Specific concerns are high BOD load. Dilution will reduce BOD and COD factors proportionately. Low dosage flow rate or antifoaming agents acceptable to the treatment plant may be helpful. Do not flush to waterways. Disposal should be made in accordance with the local and national regulations.NOTE: As a service to our customers, Xinghua Suolong Fire Extinguishing Agents Co., Ltd. has approvals in place with disposal facilities for waste water treatment and solidification and landfill of our foam liquid concentrates and foam solutions. If required, Xinghua Suolong Fire Extinguishing Agents Co., Ltd. can also provide information on the disposal of drums used for shipping our concentrates. Please contact Xinghua Suolong Fire Extinguishing Agents Co., Ltd. by Tel: (86)523-82300896 E-mail: suolong@ for additional information.Section 14 - TRANSPORTATION INFORMATIONShipping InformationHazard Class: NoneOTHER REGULATORY INFORMATIONNone.Section 15 - REGULATORY INFORMATIONIrritantIrritating to eyes.In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice.Avoid contact with skin and eyes.Section 16 - OTHER INFORMATIONCFPA RatingHealth 0Flammability 0Reactivity 0For further information, see Xinghua Suolong Fire Extinguishing Agents Co., Ltd. product description for SL-AFFF3% , AFFF3%.The information contained herein is furnished without warranty either expressed or implied. This data sheet is not a part of any contract of sale. The information contained herein is believed to be correct or is obtained from sources believed to be generally reliable.However, it is the responsibility of the user of these materials to investigate, understand and comply with national and local guidelines and procedures for safe handling and use of these materials. Xinghua Suolong Fire Extinguishing Agents Co., Ltd. shall not be liable for any loss or damage arising directly or indirectly from the use of this product and Xinghua Suolong Fire Extinguishing Agents Co., Ltd. assumes no obligation or liabilities for reliance on the information contained herein or omissionsherefrom.August 10, 2006Xinghua Suolong Fire Extinguishing Agents Co., Ltd.Test Report of the ProductName of product:Aqueous Film Forming Foam Extinguishing Agent Model: AFFF6% Purchaser: SENOUSSI FREE ZONE CO.Batch No.: 0804SM60804Test Item Technology Requests(testing standard:GB15308-2006)Resultfreezing point ℃－10℃- 4－13℃Acidity(PH) 20℃7.0 - 8.5 8.2 Spreading Coefficient (mN/m) Positive number 2.6 Foam expansion ratio 6.5±20% 7.1 25% Drainage time (min) 2.5±20% 2.4Fire extinguishingTime min ≤5 2.8Gentle applicationtest method 25% burn-backtime;min≥15 15.2Fire Extinguishing PerformanceForceful application test method Fire extinguishingTimemin≤3 2.9Goods Quantity: Ten tons.Production Date:April 16, 2008Verified by: Checked by: Prepared by:MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEETFor SL - ABC DRY POWDERABC POWDER EXTINGUISHING AGENT (ABC DRY POWDER)Section 1 –CHEMICAL PRODUCT AND COMPANY IDENTIFICATIONMaterial IdentificationProduct: 40% ABC ABC POWDER EXTINGUISHING AGENTSynonyms: ABC DRY POWDERCAS No: Mixture - No single CAS # applicableCompany IdentificationManufacturer:Xinghua Suolong Fire Extinguishing Agents Co., Ltd.Address:No. 109 Fengshou south Road, Xinghua, Jiangsu, ChinaTel:(86)523-82300896 Fax: (86)523-83262095E-mail: suolong@ , ma.jianmin119@ Website: Section 2 - COMPOSITION / INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS40±3% Monoammonium Phosphate CAS:7722-76-110~15% Ammonium Sulfate , CAS: 7783-20-210% Silica White CAS: 7631-86-910% Activated clay CAS: 70131-50-910% Mica Powder5% Dimethyl Silicone Oil CAS: 9006-65-9Section 3 - HAZARDS IDENTIFICATIONPotential Health EffectsHarmful if swallowedIrritating to eyes. respiratory system and skin.In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice.Wear suitable protective clothing.As part of good industrial and personal hygiene and safety procedure, avoid all unnecessary exposure to the chemical substance and ensure prompt removal from skin, eyes and clothing.Eye ContactMildly irritating for short periods of time.Skin ContactMay be mildly irritatingInhalationTreat as a mineral dust irritant to the respiratory tract. Transient cough, shortness of breath.IngestionNot an expected route of entry.Carcinogenicity InformationNo data available.For Environment:No data available.Section 4 - FIRST AID MEASURESEye ContactIn case of eye contact, flush eyes promptly with water for 15 minutes.If irritation persists,seek medical attention.Skin ContactWash affected area with soap and water. Launder clothing before reuse. InhalationRemove from exposure. If irritation persists,seek medical attention.IngestionIf patient is conscious, give large amounts of water and induce vomiting. seek medical help.Section 5 - FIRE FIGHTING MEASURESThis product is an extinguishing media.No special proective equipment is needed for fire-fighters. Wear protective equipment appropriate for the fire conditions.Section 6 - ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURESFor Personnel Protection:Prevent skin and eye contact.Clean up:Sweep up and recover for use or place in closed container for disposal.No harm to the environment is expected from an accidental release of this product.Section 7 – HANDLING AND STORAGEHandling (Personnel)Avoid contact with eyes, skin. Avoid ingestion or inhalation. Rinse skin and eyes thoroughly in case of contact. Review HAZARDS and FIRST AID sections. StorageThe product should be stored in a cool, and dry environment. Exposure to humidity and damp environments will negatively affect its performance.Specific use:The intended use of this product is as a Fire Extinguishing Agent.Section 8- EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTIONExposure controls:Respiratory Protection:Dust mask where dustiness is prevalent.Hand Protection:None normally needed. Use chemical resistant gloves when handling the product. Eye Protection:Safety glasses or safety goggles.Skin Protection:No special equipment is needed.Environmental exposure controls:No special controls are needed.Section 9- PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIESGeneral information:Appearance : powderColour: yellow or pinkPhysical DataPH: Not determinedBoiling Point: Not applicableFlash Point:NoneFlammability: Not flammableExplosive properties: Not explosiveOxidizing properties: Not an oxidizerVapor Pressure: Not applicableVapor Density: Not applicableRelative density: Not applicableSolubility in Water: slightSolubility in Fat: Not solubleSection 10 - STABILITY AND REACTIVITYChemical StabilityStable.Incompatibility, Materials to AvoidNo data available.Hazardous decomposition products:Normally stableHazardous polymerization will not occur.Ammonia and/or phosphorous oxides can be evolved at very high temperatures. Section Section 11 - TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATIONThis product has not be tested for toxicological effects. Product is treated as a nuisance dust.Components:Monoammonium Phosphate:Material is irritatingHarmful if swallowed.Ammonium sulphate:Toxicity Data:Oral(rat) LD50 2840 mg/kgTarget Organs:Lungs and gestrointestinal.Section 12 - ECOLOGICAL INFORMATIONEcotoxicity:Not determinedPersistance and degradability:Not determinedbioaccumulative potential:Not determinedother adverse effects:ozone depletion potential: NoneGlobal warning potential: NoneSection 13 -DISPOSAL CONSIDERATIONSNo harm to the environment is expected from this product.Dispose of in compliance with national, regional ,and local provisions that may be in force.Section 14 - TRANSPORTATION INFORMATIONHazard Class or Division: Not a hazardous substance.No harm to the environment is expected from this product.Section 15 - REGULATORY INFORMATIONHarmful if swallowed.Irritating to eyes. respiratory system and skin.In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice.Wear suitable protective clothing.Environmental restrictions:None are knownRefer to any other national measures that may be relevant.Section 16 - OTHER INFORMATIONCFPA RatingHealth 0Flammability 0Reactivity 0For further information, see Xinghua Suolong Fire Extinguishing Agents Co., Ltd.product description for SL-ABC DRY POWDER, ABC 40%.The information contained herein is furnished without warranty either expressed or implied. This data sheet is not a part of any contract of sale. The information contained herein is believed to be correct or is obtained from sources believed to be generally reliable.However, it is the responsibility of the user of these materials to investigate, understand and comply with national and local guidelines and procedures for safe handling and use of these materials. Xinghua Suolong Fire Extinguishing Agents Co., Ltd. shall not be liable for any loss or damage arising directly or indirectly from the use of this product and Xinghua Suolong Fire Extinguishing Agents Co., Ltd. assumes no obligation or liabilities for reliance on the information contained herein or omissionsherefrom.March 10, 20067Page 1of 1http://www.jakob-eschbach.de/en/img/seiten/en_synthetic_special_500.jpg11/9/2006Neck cover for Bullard fire helmet (1024995)ITEM NO.: 1024862Detachable leather cover.Page 1 of 1Visor for Bullard fire helmet (1024995)ITEM NO.: 1024863Detachable.Page 1 of 1。

1-s2.0-S0301679X06000934-main

Keywords: Fretting fatigue; Dovetail blade roots; Finite element analysis
1. Introduction
Dovetail root ﬁxings (Fig. 1) are frequently used to attach blades to disks in gas turbine engines. Under the action of centrifugal loading and vibration, fretting fatigue may occur between the blade root and the disc [1] and the stresses in the neighbourhood of the contact need to be accurately estimated for fatigue life prediction. The estimation of stresses poses a considerable challenge to designers owing to the complex geometry, loading and non-linear behaviour [2]. As well as being difﬁcult to analyse, the situation is also difﬁcult to simulate experimentally in its full complexity, short of carrying out an engine test. However, representative tests may be carried out. An example is the biaxial rig developed at the University of Oxford (Fig. 2) which can simulate the effects of centrifugal loading, disk expansion force and blade vibration [3]. Fig. 3 shows a pair of blade specimens which have been tested in the apparatus. The initiation of fatigue cracks at the edge of the contact may clearly be seen. The main simpliﬁcation involved in the experiment is that a two-dimensional ‘slice’ is tested, rather than a fully

Kinetix 5100 AC Line Filter 安装指南说明书

Installation InstructionsOriginal InstructionsKinetix 5100 AC Line FilterCatalog Numbers 2198-DB111-F, 2198-DB127-F, 2198-DB310-F, 2198-DB324-F, 2198-DB335-F, 2198-DB356-F, 2198-DB418-F, 2198-DB433-FThis publication provides installation instructions for the AC line filters used with Kinetix® 5100 servo drives. Use these instructions for installing and wiring your AC line filter. For more information on installing and wiring your AC line filter, see Kinetix 5100 Single-axis EtherNet/IP™ Servo Drives Users Manual, publication 2198-UM004.Summary of ChangesThis publication contains the following new or updated information. This list includes substantive updates only and is not intended to reflect all changes.Topic Page Summary of Changes 1Before You Begin 2Install the AC Line Filter 2AC Line Filter Dimensions 3AC Line Filter Specifications 6Additional Resources6Topic Page Updated dimension on three-phase leads to 600 mm (23.62 in) for: 2198-DB310-F, 2198-DB324-F, 2198-DB418-F, 2198-DB335-F, and 2198-DB433-F. 3…5Updated AC Line Filter Specifications table.62Rockwell Automation Publication 2198-IN017D-EN-P - June 2021Kinetix 5100 AC Line Filter Installation InstructionsBefore You BeginFor general guidelines when laying out your panel and mounting your AC line filter, refer to the System Design for Control of Electrical Noise Reference Manual, publication GMC-RM001.For guidelines specific to your application, refer to the Kinetix 5100 Single-axis EtherNet/IP Servo Drives Users Manual, publication 2198-UM004.Install the AC Line FilterMount the line filter to the cabinet panel with hardware as specified in this table.See the System Design for Control of Electrical Noise Reference Manual, publication GMC-RM001, for techniques on how to make proper high-frequency (HF) bonds to improve overall system performance.For wiring guidelines specific to your application, see the Kinetix 5100 Single-axis EtherNet/IP Servo Drives User Manual, publication 2198-UM004.ATTENTION: To avoid personal injury or damage to equipment due to hazardous voltages, follow these guidelines when installing your AC line filter. NEC and local regulations always take precedence.•Disconnect mains power before installation.•Verify that the rated voltage is compatible with the local supply voltage.•Connect the earth ground connection first when you make connections.Cat. No. Mounting BoltTorque Value N•m (lb•in)Mounting Bolt (1)(for piggybackmounting of the drive)(1)Piggyback mounting of the drive to the line filter is available only for 2198-DB418-F and hardware Rev 1.1 or later of 2198-DB111-F,2198-DB127-F, 2198-DB310-F, and 2198-DB324-F.Torque Value (1)N•m (lb•in)2198-DB111-F M5 (#10-24)1.6…2.0 (13.9…17.70)M5 (#10-24)1.6…2.0 (13.9…17.70)2198-DB127-F 2198-DB310-F 2198-DB324-F 2198-DB335-F ——2198-DB356-F ——2198-DB418-F M5 (#10-24) 1.6…2.0 (13.9…17.70)2198-DB433-F——Rockwell Automation Publication 2198-IN017D-EN-P - June 20213Kinetix 5100 AC Line Filter Installation InstructionsAC Line Filter DimensionsFor line filter dimensions specific to your application, see the Kinetix Servo Drives Specifications Technical Data, publication KNX-TD003.AC Line Filter Dimensions (Catalog number 2198-DB111-F)AC Line Filter Dimensions (Catalog number 2198-DB310-F)30.023.020.0(Minimum)30.023.020.0(Minimum)4Rockwell Automation Publication 2198-IN017D-EN-P - June 2021Kinetix 5100 AC Line Filter Installation Instructions AC Line Filter Dimensions (Catalog numbers 2198-DB127-F)AC Line Filter Dimensions (Catalog numbers 2198-DB324-F and 2198-DB418-F)29.128.029.128.0Rockwell Automation Publication 2198-IN017D-EN-P - June 20215Kinetix 5100 AC Line Filter Installation InstructionsAC Line Filter Dimensions (Catalog numbers 2198-DB335-F and 2198-DB433-F)AC Line Filter Dimensions (Catalog number 2198-DB356-F)33.028.0(Minimum)(0.22)28.0(1.10)33.0(1.30)Dimensions are in mm (in.).6Rockwell Automation Publication 2198-IN017D-EN-P - June 2021Kinetix 5100 AC Line Filter Installation InstructionsAC Line Filter SpecificationsFor more information about AC line filters, see AC Line Filters Installation Instructions, publication 2198-IN003.Additional ResourcesThese documents contain additional information concerning related products from Rockwell Automation.You can view or download publications at rok.auto/literature .Cat. No.Voltage Rating (1)(1)SCCR Rating of 5kA when used with UL branch circuit protection as listed in Kinetix 5100 EtherNet/IP Indexing Servo Drives,publication 2198-UM004.Current Rating A @ 50 °C (122 °F)Power Loss WLeakageCurrent mA, typicalWeight, approxkg (lb)Operating Temperature(Surrounding Air, max.)2198-DB111-F 120V s ingle-phase, 50/60 Hz200…230V single-phase, 50/60 HZ 11 4.952.9 1.05 (2.314)50 °C (122 °F)2198-DB127-F 2715.554.91.80 (3.968)2198-DB310-F 120V s ingle-phase, 50/60 Hz200…230V single-phase, 50/60 HZ 10 4.737.4 1.10 (2.425)2198-DB324-F 249.7901.95 (3.968)2198-DB310-F 200...240V AC, three-phase,50/60 Hz1014.0 3.9 1.10 (2.425)2198-DB324-F 2429.09.3 1.95 (3.968)2198-DB335-F 240V AC, three-phase,48...63 Hz34.830.0 5.8 2.90 (6.393)2198-DB356-F 5657.0 2.8 4.00 (8.818)2198-DB418-F 480V AC three-phase,48…63 Hz 18.416.0 4.21 1.20 (2.65)2198-DB433-F3335.0 3.58 1.90 (4.19)ResourceDescriptionKinetix Servo Drives Specifications Technical Data, publication KNX-TD003Provides product specifications for the Kinetix Integrated Motion over EtherNet/IP network, Integrated Motion over Sercos interface, EtherNet/IP networking, and component servo drive families.Kinetix Motion Accessories Specifications Technical Data, publication KNX-TD004Provides product specifications for Bulletin 2090 motor and interface cables, low-profile connector kits, drive power components, and other servo drive accessory items.AC Line Filters Installation Instructions, publication 2198-IN003Provides information on how to install and wire AC line filters used with the Kinetix 5500 and Kinetix 5700 servo drive systems and the Kinetix 5700 iTRAK® power supply.Kinetix 5100 Single-axis EtherNet/IP Servo Drives Users Manual, publication 2198-UM004Information on how to install, configure, start, and troubleshoot your Kinetix 5100 servo drive system.Servo Drive Installation Best Practices Application Technique, publication MOTION-AT004Provides best practice examples to help reduce the number of potential noise or electromagnetic interference (EMI) sources in your system and to make sure that the noise-sensitive components are not affected by the remaining noise.Industrial Automation Wiring and Grounding Guidelines, publication 1770-4.1 Provides general guidelines for installing a Rockwell Automation industrial system.Product Certifications website: rok.auto/certificationsProvides declarations of conformity, certificates, and other certification details.Kinetix 5100 AC Line Filter Installation Instructions Notes:Rockwell Automation Publication 2198-IN017D-EN-P - June 20217Publication 2198-IN017D-EN-P - June 2021 | Supersedes Publication 2198-IN017C-EN-P - August 2020Copyright © 2021 Rockwell Automation, Inc. All rights reserved.Rockwell Otomasyon Ticaret A.Ş. Kar Plazaİş Merkezi E Blok Kat:6 34752, İçerenköy, İstanbul, Tel: +90 (216) 5698400 EEE Yönetmeli ğine UygundurAllen-Bradley, expanding human possibility, FactoryTalk, iTRAK, Kinetix, and Rockwell Automation are trademarks of Rockwell Automation,Inc.EtherNet/IP is a trademark of ODVA, IncTrademarks not belonging to Rockwell Automation are property of their respective companies.Your comments help us serve your documentation needs better. If you have any suggestions on how to improve our content, complete the form at rok.auto/docfeedback.Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE)Rockwell Automation maintains current product environmental compliance information on its website at rok.auto/pec .At the end of life, this equipment should be collected separately from any unsorted municipal waste.Rockwell Automation SupportUse these resources to access support information.Technical Support Center Find help with how-to videos, FAQs, chat, user forums, andproduct notification updates.rok.auto/support KnowledgebaseAccess Knowledgebase articles.rok.auto/knowledgebase Local Technical Support Phone Numbers Locate the telephone number for your country.rok.auto/phonesupport Literature LibraryFind installation instructions, manuals, brochures, andtechnical data publications.rok.auto/literature Product Compatibility and Download Center (PCDC)Download firmware, associated files (such as AOP, EDS, and DTM), and access product release notes.rok.auto/pcdc。

BOSS RC-505 Loop Station商品说明书

For vocalists, vocal percussiFoonrisgtusi,taarnidsthsu, mbaanssbisetast,baonxdeWrositthhefrivpelainydeerspeonfdeelnetctloroonpict2r1aancddkisfaf,ectroheuenstRtitCcy-pi5ne0ss5trooufpmIenenpnsutstthFeSXi,dmpoplolurestudoseeidnrifciinantitteeedrfpaTercraefcowkrmiFtXhanfiocnretuipintodisvisveiibdfiiunlaigtleielrostoippscontrol
GRANULAR DELAY
Repeats a short portion of the input sound, giving it a buzzy character or producing the effect of playing a roll.
CHORUS REVERB
In this effect, a slightly detuned sound is added to the original sound to add depth and breadth.
DYNAMICS EQ ISOLATOR
Makes the volume more consistent, and produces a more evenly balanced low-frequency range.
Adjusts the tone as a equalizer.
Divides the audio input into three ranges (LO, MID, HI) and cuts the specified region. You can cut in synchronization with the tempo.

Physical experiment report

Experiment reportAlfred. Ding FD1Introduction: In science, buoyancy is an upward force exerted by a fluid that opposes the weight of an immersed object. In a column of fluid, pressure increases with depth as a result of the weight of the overlying fluid. Thus a column of fluid, or an object submerged in the fluid, experiences greater pressure at the bottom of the column than at the top. This difference in pressure results in a net force that tends to accelerate an object upwards. The magnitude of that force is proportional to the difference in the pressure between the top and the bottom of the column, and is also equivalent to the weight of the fluid that would otherwise occupy the column, i.e. the displaced fluid. For this reason, an object whose density is greater than that of the fluid in which it is submerged tends to sink. If the object is either less dense than the liquid or is shaped appropriately (as in a boat), the force can keep the object afloat. This can occur only in a reference frame which either has a gravitational field or is accelerating due to a force other than gravity defining a "downward" direction. In a situation of fluid statics, the net upward buoyancy force is equal to the magnitude of the weight of fluid displaced by the body.Aim: Find factors which may influence the buoyancy.Assumption: The buoyancy may be influenced by the density of liquid the volume of object which be tested, the shape of the object be tested and the deepness of the object be tasted in the water.Experiment equipment: spring-loaded thrust meter, beakers, string, enough water, tub, eggs, salt, spoon, electronic scale，plasticine.(The experiment must be done in the same circumstance,which means that the gravity, temperature and the humidity must be the same, in order to control variables)Experiment steps:Firstly, make sure that the indication of the spring-loaded thrust meter is zero.Secondly, line around the egg by the string, put the other side of the string to the hook of the spring-loaded thrust meter, measure the gravity of the egg (with the string) by spring-loaded thrust meter, then record the first measurement from the spring-loaded thrust meter, regard it as G.Use the electronic scale to measure the weight of the tub, record the measurement from the electronic scale and regard it as G(tub).Thirdly, pour water into beaker, make the beaker full of water and put the beaker into the tub. Then put the egg with the string into water, make sure immersion. Then hold spring-loaded thrust meter to pull the egg, make it still keep immersion but doesn’t get touch with the bottle of the beaker. Then record the measurement from the spring-loaded thrust meter at this time, regard it as F(push). According Newton's second law, we know that the weight, or gravity of the egg equals the buoyancy from the water to the egg plus the force which pulls the egg [F(pull)], so we can get that buoyancy F(buoyancy) equals the gravity of the egg(G) minus the force which pulls the egg [F(pull)].Next, there must be some water be ranked from beaker to the tub because of the egg. This time, use electronic scale to measure the weight of the tub with water, regard it as G’, then we can get the weight of the water which is ranked, regard it as G(rank), by G’ minus G(tub).Afterwards, compared the G(rank) and buoyancy F(buoyancy), we can find that the two magnitudes are nearly the same if we eliminate the random error. What’s more, because G(rank) equals the volume of water which is ranked multiply its density, and the volume of water equals the volume of the object which is tested, when we keep the density of liquid ρ(liquid) doesn’t change, we can get the first conclusion which is that the buoyancy is reference to the volume of the object which is tested. What’s more, we get a equation from the experiment which is F(buoyancy)=ρ(liquid) * V(rank). The deduce process is shown below:Firstly, F(buoyancy)=G(rank)Secondly, G(rank)= ρ(liquid) * V(rank)Because V(rank)=V(object)=V(rank),Then F(buoyancy)= ρ(liquid) * V(rank)We get Archimedes' principle by doing research on if volume of object which is tested can influence the buoyancy and deducing the statistics. But does density of liquid really influence the buoyancy? We should prove it by changing the density of liquid and observe observation. Firstly, take three beakers and pour water into them. The quantity of water should be able to immerse an egg, and then put one egg to each beaker.Secondly, get three-spoon salt and put it into water of second beaker.Thirdly, get six-spoon salt and put it into water of third beaker.Keep water of first beaker clean, without any impurity.Next, observe the height of egg in the three beakers and label the height.We can find that the height of egg in the second beaker is higher than that of egg in the first beaker, the condition of egg in the third beaker is float instead of that of eggs in the other two beakers which is suspension. So we can get conclusion that the density of liquid really influence the buoyancy.What’s more, you should do at least one more similar experiment and try to change the concentration then observe the observation. The following diagram shows the observation of theSince then, we have deduced Archimedes' principle and ensure two main factors which influencethe buoyancy—density of liquid and volume of object be tested. Are there any other factors ofinfluence of buoyancy?Third assumption is buoyancy can be influenced by the shape of the object be tested.Firstly, make three plasticines which with equal density, weight and volume into different shape.Secondly, line around first plasticine，put the other side of the line onto the hook of thespring-loaded.Thirdly, put the plasticine into water; pull the spring-loaded to make plasticine at the middle deepness in water.Next read and record down the statistics from the spring-loaded.Afterwards, repeat above steps again on the other two plasticines. (Remark: make the plasticine in the middle deepness of the water in order to make sure three plasticine at the same deepness of water.Compared the three group of statistics; we can find that they are relatively similar, because of the same weightiness of three plasticines, we can deduce that the buoyancies are the same. Therefore, the buoyancy can’t be influenced by the shape of the object be tested.The last assumption is buoyancy can be influenced by the deepness of the object be tasted in the water.Firstly, line around the egg, put the other side of the line onto the hook of the spring-loaded. Secondly, put the egg into water, pull the spring-loaded, make the egg in the bottom of the water, read and record down the statistics from the spring-loaded.Then, pull the egg and make it at the middle deepness of the water. Read and record the statistics from spring-loaded.Next, pull the egg and make it at the top of the water but still keep immersion condition. Compared with three group statistics, they are nearly similar. As the weight is constant, we can deduce that the buoyancies are the same. Therefore, buoyancy can’t be influenced by the deepness of the object be tested in water.Conclusion: Overall, according to statistics and observation after experiment, we can get a preliminary conclusion which is that buoyancy can be only influenced by density of the liquid and the volume of the object be tested. This conclusion can also be reflected by the Archimedes' principle, change the principle into the formula isApparent immerse weight = weight – weight of displaced fluidDensity/density of fluid = weight/ weight of displaced fluidDensity of object/density of fluid = weight/weight-apparent immersed weight However, there may be many other influence such as the density of object be tested or quantity of the liquid, What’s more, all the experiment should be done for at least one more times or use some other subsidy to do the experiment again in order to get more objective and accurate conclusion, increase the accuracy and reliability of the experiment and conclusion.This experiment is very important for middle school. The experiment design and operate includes many basic physical clues like controlling variables, making assumption and so on. By doing this experiment, students can practice their ability of thinking, operation and deducing the equation. The understanding and applying of some basic physical good laboratory practice and the knowledge of buoyancy can be improved. The experiment is a typically basic experiment of buoyancy, understanding factors of influence of buoyancy well may really help students learnfurther knowledge of buoyancy like pressure difference, contradiction of Archimedes law and other knowledge which with relations with buoyancy. By learning these knowledge deeply, we can get to understand the principle of operation of the submarine, ship and boat seaplane, which may also increase students interest in physics.。

Nixalite 钢质鸟扑绊网产品说明书

Three-Part Specifications - Copyright 2014 - Nixalite of America Inc Premium Nixalite All Stainless Steel Bird Barrier Spikes Includes specifications for: Premium Nixalite Models S, H and W and Mounting Hardware.Nixalite of America Inc designs and manufactures the Premium Nixalite All Stainless Steel Bird Barrier Spikes in the USA with materials processed in the USA. These flexible spike strips repel all bird species, in all levels of infestation, on all types of architectural surfaces. They eliminate costly cleaning and structural maintenance caused by pest birds and their filthy habits. They protect people from the health hazards associated with pest bird waste.There are three (3) separate Premium Nixalite Bird Spike Models; the Model S, Model H and Model W. Each model is designed to fulfill a specific bird control need or application. Nixalite has manufactured these unrivaled bird spike strips since 1950 - there are no approved equals and there are no substitutions allowed. The following specification outline is presented in a modular format making it simple to include or exclude any combination of the Nixalite Premium Bird Control system as needed for each project.List Nixalite Premium Bird Barrier specifications in the following locations;Master Format 1995 – 10290 – Bird & Pest ControlMaster Format 2004 – 10 81 00 - Pest Control DevicesMaster Format 2004 – 10 81 13 – Bird Control DevicesPART 1 - GENERAL1.1 - SYSTEM DESCRIPTION:A.Nixalite Premium All Stainless Steel Bird Barrier Spike Models: Physical surfacebarriers designed to prevent all types of pest birds and climbing animals fromlanding, roosting, nesting or climbing on architectural surfaces, in all infestationlevels. There are three (3) Premium Nixalite Bird Spike models available; Model S,Model H and Model W. There is no equal to Nixalite’s Premium All Stainless SteelBird Barrier Spikes. No substitutions are allowed.B.Nixalite Bird Spike Mounting Hardware: Nixalite designed, stainless steel mountingclips combined with mechanical fasteners to hold the Nixalite Premium Bird Spikesto all types of architectural surfaces. All Premium Nixalite mounting hardware ismade of stainless steel or non-corrosive materials.C.Surface Cleaning System: Surface disinfectants, deodorizers and personal protectionequipment (PPE) that help keep installers safe when neutralizing the potentiallyhazardous bird or animal wastes that may be present. The cleaning system thensanitizes and deodorizes the surface in preparation of the Premium Nixalite BirdSpike installation.1.2 - QUALITY ASSURANCEA.Installer to obtain, review and understand Nixalite of America Inc.’s planning guides,estimating worksheets and installation instructions.B.Installer must be completely familiar with the proper installation procedures for theNixalite Premium All Stainless Steel Bird Spike model or models specified forinstallation.C.Installer must be completely familiar with the specified mounting hardware andmounting hardware installation procedures.D. Installer must obtain and record accurate and complete dimensions for each surfacespecified for Premium Nixalite Bird Spike installation. Surface dimensions are whatdrive Premium Nixalite Bird Spike quantities. Accurate dimensions ensure accuratequotations and material orders.E.All specified bird spikes must be MADE IN THE USA from materials PRODUCEDIN THE USA.F.Installed bird spikes must be Nixalite’s Premium All Stainless Steel Bird BarrierSpikes. There are no equals - no substitutions are allowed.1.3 - SUBMITTALSA.Manufacturers literature including: Nixalite Planning Guide, completed Nixalite EstimateWorksheet(s) and installation instructions for the specified Premium Nixalite Bird Spike Model and specified mounting hardware.B.Sample of specified Premium Nixalite Bird Spike Model - not less than 2” (5.1cm) in length.C.(If ColorCoat finish) Sample of Premium Nixalite Bird Spike Model in the specified color.D.Sample of specified Nixalite Bird Spike Mounting Hardware.E.Premium Nixalite Model S installation instructions and drawings from manufacturer (if specified).F.Premium Nixalite Model H installation instructions and drawings from manufacturer (if specified).G.Premium Nixalite Model W installation instructions and drawings from manufacturer (if specified)1.4 – STORAGE & HANDLINGA.Provide storage and/or protection to keep Premium Nixalite Bird Barrier Spikeshipping boxes dry, clean and undamaged. Do not stack or place other packaging orobjects on the Premium Nixalite Bird Barrier Spike shipping boxes.B.Keep Premium Nixalite All Stainless Steel Bird Barrier Spikes and MountingHardware in original packaging until needed for installation.PART 2 - PRODUCTS2.1 – ACCEPTABLE MANUFACTURERA.Nixalite of America Inc1025 16th Avenue, PO Box 727, Dept. NI, East Moline, Illinois 61244; U.S.A.P: 800.624.1189 or 309.755.8771 - F: 800.624.1196 or 309.755.0077E: ************************ or *********************B.ABC Advanced Bird Control – A division of Nixalite of America Inc.PO Box 727, Dept. NI, East Moline, Illinois 61244, U.S.A.P: 888.212.8682 or 309.755.4708 - F: 309.755.1865E: ***********************2.2 – NIXALITE PREMIUM BIRD BARRIER STRIPSA.ALL Premium Nixalite Models are all stainless steel wire and base strip spikes thatare made in the USA from materials produced in the USA.Wires: Stainless steel, 0.041” (1 mm) diameter, full-hard spring temper.Base Strip: Stainless steel, 0.25” wide x 0.02” thick (6.3 mm x 0.5 mm), full annealfor flexibility, easy strip cutting and surface shape memory.B.Premium Nixalite Spike Strip Lengths: All Premium Nixalite spike strip models areavailable in 24” (61.0 cm) and 48” (122.0 cm) strip lengths.C.Premium Nixalite Model S: Full row spike, 4” high (10.2 cm), 4” wide (10.2 cm) NOLESS THAN 120 wire points per foot. Full 180-degree wire coverage. For all birdspecies on all types of surfaces. Use in conjunction with Premium Nixalite ModelW for climbing animal barrier and mud-nest building bird control applications.D.Premium Nixalite Model H: Half row spike. 4” high (10.2 cm), 2” wide (5.1 cm), NOLESS THAN 60 wire points per foot, 90 degree wire coverage. For flat surfaces lessthan 2” in depth (5.1 cm) or in conjunction with Premium Nixalite Model S onspecific surface widths to achieve proper surface protection.E.Premium Nixalite Model W: Wall mount spike. 5-1/2” high (14.0 cm), 3” wide (7.6cm), NO LESS THAN 120 wires per foot, 180-degree wire coverage. Designed forvertical surfaces only. Use above surfaces less than 2” in depth (5.1 cm) or overother Nixalite Models when specified. Use in conjunction with Premium NixaliteModel S for climbing animal barrier and mud-nest building bird control applications.F.Nixalite Soft Tip Option: Available for Premium Nixalite Models S and H (notavailable on Model W). This replaces the pointed wire tips with flattened wire tips.Otherwise the spike is the same as the regular pointed wire spikes. Use only wherefrequent human contact is possible (or expected) and bird pressure is low.G. Finish: Natural stainless steel finish or manufacturers ColorCoat finish.H.ColorCoat: standard colors are black, white, gray, tan, brown and bronze. Choosestandard color that best suits application. Custom colors available. For custom color: installer must contact manufacturer for color matching procedures.2.3 – NIXALITE BIRD SPIKE MOUNTING HARDWAREA.To be made of stainless steel or non-corrosive materials. Standard mounting hardwareis supplied with Premium Nixalite Bird Barrier Spike Models in set quantities.Mounting Hardware must allow for bird spike strip installation, removal andreinstallation without damaging the installation surface, the spike strips or themounting system.e the Nixalite Bird Spike Mounting Hardware that best suits the installation surface.All hardware is made of either stainless steel or non-corrosive materials.Installation Surface Nixalite Bird Spike Mounting HardwareMasonry, stone, concrete; Mounting clip, sheet metal screw, masonry anchor Wood, plywood, shingles; Mounting clip, sheet metal screw, washerSheet metal, plastic, PVC; Mounting clip, sheet metal screw, washerSteel, cast iron, brass, bronze; Mounting clip, drive screw, washerPipes, cables, conduit, grates; Wire tie, wire tying tool, adhesiveC.Apply adhesive or sealant in all holes that penetrate the installation surface. Aftermounting hardware is installed, apply additional adhesive or sealant over the headsof the sheet metal screws and/or the drive screws. Do not get adhesive or sealant inthe hook end of the mounting clips.D.Optional Fastening:Glue Clips & Adhesive:If surface conditions do not allow for the use of the supplied Bird Spike MountingHardware, use the Glue Clip and Adhesive installation method. Follow the Glue Clip installation instructions available from the manufacturer.Custom Forms:Nixalite offers custom made stainless steel mounting brackets, straps or clamps tohold the Premium Nixalite Bird Spikes to installation surfaces with limited or zerosurface penetration requirements. Contact manufacturer for details on custom formdesign and/or manufacture.2.4 – SURFACE CLEANING SYSTEMA.Steri-Fab: Surface disinfectant and bactericide designed to neutralize bird waste,making it safe for removal. Steri-Fab quickly kills disease causing bacteria, parasites, fungi, insects, etc. This is a non-residual product. It becomes completely inert after it dries. Do not use with Microcide-SQ on the same surface at the same time.B.Microcide-SQ: A broad spectrum disinfectant, cleaner and deodorizer used to sanitizehard surfaces as well as fabrics and clothing. Use to kill a wide spectrum oforganisms and disease causing bacteria. Do not use with Steri-Fab on the samesurface at the same time.C.Microsan: Anti-microbial personal protection products to help prevent diseasetransmittal before, during and after working on and around surfaces contaminatedwith bird and animal wastes. Use to compliment personal protection equipmentstandards (PPE).D.Safety Equipment: Nixalite offers personal protection equipment (PPE) to protectpersonnel from the hazards related to pest bird and animal waste materials.PART 3 - EXECUTION3.1 - INSPECTIONA.Visually inspect all installation surfaces. Make sure all surfaces are clean, dry and freefrom debris or other conditions that could impede the workflow of this section. Allsurfaces must be sanitized and deodorized before Premium Nixalite Bird Spikeinstallation.B.Notify architect of detrimental conditions. Do not proceed until these conditions havebeen corrected.3.2 - PREPARATIONA.Field Measurements: Verify the dimensions for each surface specified for PremiumNixalite Bird Spike installation. Use manufacturers Planning Guides and EstimateWorksheets to verify that sufficient quantities of bird spike strips will be installed on EACH surface specified for bird control.B.Make sure all installation surface finishing requirements have been accomplishedbefore installing Premium Nixalite Bird Spike Models. They are to be the last itemsinstalled on each specified surface. DO NOT apply any surface coating or treatment(paint, sealer, etc.) over the installed Premium Nixalite Bird Spike Models or themounting hardware.C.Remove or relocate all plants, foliage or foreign objects that overhang the installationsurfaces. Note all conditions that could adversely affect the installation andperformance of the Premium Nixalite Bird Spike installation.3.3 – SURFACE CLEANINGA.All surfaces to be clean, dry and free of obstructions before the Premium Nixalite BirdSpikes are installed.B.If Bird Waste Is Present:Treat, neutralize and safely remove all bird waste from installation surfaces. Installer must follow all municipal, state and federal regulations regarding the proper removal and disposal of bird droppings and waste materials such as nests and dead birds.e Nixalite’s surface cleaning products to neutralize any bird droppings, nests andrelated waste materials that may be present. Allow all surfaces to air dry completely, and then reapply to sanitize and deodorize the surface before proceeding. Strictlyfollow treatment instructions provided with Nixalite’s surface cleaning products.e Nixalite anti-microbial and anti-bacterial personal protection products to helpprevent disease transmittal when working around surfaces contaminated with birddroppings.3.4 - INSTALLATIONA.Make sure the installation surfaces are clean, dry and free of any debris orobstructions.B.Install specified Premium Nixalite Bird Spike Models in strict accordance withmanufacturer’s spike strip spacing and installation guidelines. Protect all surfaceswhere pest birds can land, roost and nest.C.Install Nixalite’s bird spike strips so they will protect the entire surface, not just theoutside edges. No gaps are allowed in the bird spike strip coverage. Cut the birdspike strips where necessary to fit the surface properly.D.Wires of Premium Nixalite Bird Spike Models must extend over outside edges of eachsurface by at least 1/4” (0.6cm). The bird spike base strip must extend over the endsof each surface by at least 1/2” (1.2cm).E.Fasten Premium Nixalite Bird Spike Models to the surface with the mountinghardware recommended by the manufacturer. Follow the hardware spacingguidelines and installation procedures supplied by manufacturer.F.Premium Nixalite Model S; A full row spike strip model that repels all bird specieson all types of surfaces. Use in conjunction with Premium Nixalite Model W forclimbing animal barrier and mud-nest building bird control applications.G.Premium Nixalite Model H; A half row spike strip used on flat horizontal surfacesless than 2” in depth (5.1 cm). Use in conjunction with Premium Nixalite Model Son specific surface widths to achieve proper coverage and protection.H.Premium Nixalite Model W; A wall-mount spike strip used on vertical surfaces only.Do not install horizontally (down flat). Install above surfaces less than 2” in depth(5.1 cm) or over other Nixalite Models when specified by manufacturer. Use inconjunction with Premium Nixalite Model S for climbing animal barrier and mud-nest building bird control applications.I.Climbing Animal Barrier Installations;All climbing animal barrier installations use the standard pointed wire PremiumNixalite Model S and Model W bird spike strips. DO NOT use Soft Tip option forspikes installed as a climbing barrier. Installed in multiple rows, the PremiumNixalite spikes can repel the most determined climbing animals. Contact themanufacturer for installation guidelines for climbing animal barrier applications.J.Physical Security System Enhancements;Premium Nixalite All Stainless Steel Barrier Spikes can be used to enhance existingphysical perimeter security systems. Install barrier spikes on key surfaces to denyentry or egress by unauthorized personnel. For best results, install Premium barrierspikes with other physical security barriers. Use the mounting systems recommended by the manufacturer.3.5 – ADJUSTMENTS / CLEANINGA.Remove debris and waste materials from project site. Inspect finished installation.Make any adjustments needed to conform to Nixalite’s spacing and installationguidelines.B.Premium Nixalite All Stainless Steel Bird Barrier Spikes are a physical and passivebarrier. They rely on the system of pointed stainless steel wires to deny pest birdsand nuisance animals access to the surfaces on which they are installed. Periodicinspections are recommended to keep the bird spike strips in good condition.C.Occasionally, debris may fall onto the wires or birds may drop materials into the wiresin an attempt to build a nest. If this happens, begin a monthly inspection of thesystem to remove any debris and to check the condition of the installed bird spikestrips.Nixalite® of America Inc – 1025 16th Avenue – East Moline, IL. 61244 Ph:800.624.1189Fax:800.624.1196Email:************************Website: Copyright 2014 – Nixalite of America Inc Nixalite is a registered trademark of Nixalite of America IncPrinted with pride in the USA。

描述动物英语特征猜动物英语小作文

描述动物英语特征猜动物英语小作文全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇1A Furry Friend's Guessing GameHi there! I've got a fun little game for you today. I'm going to describe the features of a cuddly animal, and you have to try and guess which creature I'm talking about. Are you ready? Let's begin!This animal has an incredibly soft, thick fur coat that comes in a wide variety of colors and patterns. Some have sleek solid coats in hues like black, brown, gray or white. Others sport funky stripes, spots or swirling designs in combinations of orange, tan, cream and more. Their fur serves a very important purpose –keeping them warm and dry even in freezing temperatures or soaking rain.Their bodies are quite compact and muscular, built for short bursts of speed rather than long-distance travel. They have powerful hindquarters that allow them to leap great distances, either pouncing on prey or evading predators. Up front, you'll find five toes on each furry paw, complete with razor-sharp clawsthat can extend for climbing, scratching, or self-defense when needed.For the most part, this animal walks on its toes in a stealthy, silent manner. Their light steps help them sneak up on meals or avoid being detected themselves. You know the phrase "cat-like tread?" Well, these guys are the true masters of that slinky, slinking stride.Let's move up towards the head region. You'll notice two ears that can swivel and rotate, ever alert to pick up the faintest sound. These cupped, fuzzy ears are incredibly sensitive, able to hear a mouse squeaking from yards away or the snap of a twig that indicates prey or danger nearby.Their cute little noses are constantly twitching too, using an amazing sense of smell to navigate their surroundings. This creature can sniff out prey buried under leaves or snow, track down mates by scent, and avoid predators by detecting musky odors from far off. Between the ears and the nose, their sensory abilities are off the charts!Perhaps the most distinctive feature is their mouth and teeth. Lining their powerful jaws are long, thick canine teeth used for gripping, tearing and shredding. Their mouths open extremely wide, with the hinges of the jaw disconnecting to allow them totake huge bites of food and swallow large chunks of meat whole if needed. When those jaws clamp down, you wouldn't want to be on the receiving end!So what do you think? Have you figured out the furry friend I'm describing yet? Here are a few more clues:These animals are found all over the world in many different habitats from forests to deserts to the arctic tundra. Some species live solitary lives as lone hunters, while others form social groups with complex hierarchies. Despite their fierce hunting abilities, they are also known to be quite playful at times, especially as youngsters. They have exceptional night vision for stalking under cover of darkness. Many make a variety of chirps, growls, and chuffs to communicate with each other.Did those final details jog your memory and help you identify this magnificent beast? If you guessed that I've been portraying the features of different felines – the cat family that includes lions, tigers, jaguars, leopards, and many others – then you're absolutely right! With their stealthy prowl, astounding senses, and those iconic teeth, cats make for some of the most captivating and successful predators on the planet.I hope describing this incredible animal's adaptations was as fun for you as it was for me. Maybe you even learned a new factor two about our feline friends and their awe-inspiring capabilities. Thanks for playing along with my guessing game –let me know if you'd like me to spotlight another cool creature soon. Until next time!篇2A Furry Friend's Mysterious TraitsHey there, fellow students! Today, I'm going to tell you all about a super cool animal, but I'm not going to reveal what it is right away. Instead, I'll describe its unique features, and you can try to guess which critter I'm talking about. It'll be like a fun little guessing game! Are you ready? Let's dive in!First things first, this animal is covered in a thick, lush coat of fur. But it's not just any ordinary fur – it's soft, dense, and water-resistant, almost like wool. This special fur helps keep our mystery friend warm and dry, even in the harshest weather conditions. Can you picture it? A fluffy, cozy creature snuggled up and protected from the elements by its incredible coat.Now, let's talk about size. Our furry pal is actually quite small, at least compared to us humans. It's only about two feet long from head to tail, and it typically weighs between four and nine pounds. Don't let its diminutive stature fool you, though – thislittle guy is tough as nails and can pack a serious punch if provoked.Speaking of that tail, it's one of the most distinctive features of our animal. It's long, bushy, and striped with alternating shades of black and white. The tail almost looks like a fuzzy little raccoon tail, doesn't it? Our friend uses this striped appendage for balance and communication, kind of like a built-in flag to signal its emotions and intentions.While we're on the topic of stripes, you should know that this animal has some seriously bold markings all over its body, too. Along with the striped tail, it has broad black stripes running vertically down its sides, contrasting beautifully against its whitish-gray fur. These eye-catching stripes serve as camouflage, helping our pal blend in with the trees and shadows of its natural habitat.Now, let's talk about those powerful little legs and paws. This creature has short, sturdy legs that are perfect for climbing, leaping, and navigating through the treetops. Its paws are large and equipped with sharp, retractable claws that can grip onto virtually any surface. Whether it's scampering up a rough-barked trunk or clinging to a slender branch, our friend is an expert climber and acrobat.But wait, there's more! Our mystery animal also has an impressive set of chompers. Its teeth are sharp and designed for tearing into prey, but it also uses them for self-grooming and marking its territory. Speaking of grooming, this critter is a bit of a neat freak – it spends a lot of time meticulously cleaning and preening its fur to keep that luxurious coat in tip-top shape.Okay, let's talk about diet and hunting habits. Our striped pal is what we call a carnivore, which means it survives solely on a meat-based diet. It's an incredibly skilled hunter, stalking and ambushing its prey with lightning-fast reflexes and deadly precision. Small mammals and birds are its favorite menu items, but it's not too picky – it'll eat just about any animal it can catch and overpower.While our friend is an impressive solo hunter, it's also a pretty social creature. These animals often live in close-knit family groups, with the adult females doing most of the hunting and caring for the young. The males are a little more solitary, but they still interact with their families and stake out their own territories.Habitat-wise, our furry friend prefers dense forests, woodlands, and areas with plenty of tall trees and vegetation for climbing and hiding. It's found in many parts of the world, fromNorth America to Asia, and it's well-adapted to a variety of different climates and environments.Alright, I think that's enough clues for now! Based on all those descriptive details, do you have a guess as to what kind of animal I've been talking about this whole time? If you need a few more hints, here are some quick ones:It's a member of the Felidae family, which includes cats.It's sometimes called the "cat-bear" because of its stocky build and cat-like features.It's the state animal of Pennsylvania and the official wildlife animal of Missouri.Any ideas yet? I'll give you one more clue – this animal's name is derived from an Algonquian word meaning "the one who scratches trees." Ding, ding, ding! That's right, I've been describing the incredible raccoon! How'd you do with guessing?These clever, adaptable creatures never cease to amaze me with their resourcefulness, agility, and distinctive masked appearance. From their striped tails and ringed coats to their impressive tree-climbing skills and crafty hunting tactics, raccoons are truly one-of-a-kind animals.I hope you enjoyed learning about these charismatic critters and had fun trying to decipher the clues along the way. Maybe next time, you can challenge me by describing an animal's traits, and I'll be the one guessing. Until then, stay curious, keep exploring the wonders of nature, and always appreciate the incredible diversity of life on our planet!篇3Can You Guess the Animal?Have you ever played that game where someone describes an animal's features and you have to guess what it is? It's really fun and challenging to see if you can figure it out based on just the clues about its appearance, behaviors, habitat and abilities. Let me give it a try and you can let me know your guesses as we go!Our first mystery animal is covered in a thick woolly coat. Its fur comes in a variety of colors like white, black, brown, or a mix. This creature walks on four legs with split hooves. If you look closely, you'll notice it has rectangular pupils and horns curving backward from its head. When wandering around, it makes a bleating sound like "baaaa." It's a herd animal that lives in flocks,hanging out and grazing together in fields and on hillsides. Any idea what I'm describing? That's right, it's a sheep!Next up, we have an animal with two antennae on its head. Its body consists of three segments - a head, thorax, and abdomen. This insect has a narrow waist known as a petiole connecting those segments. It walks using six spindly legs. Some varieties of this bug can actually sting with its abdomen! Depending on the species, it may be reddish, black, or yellowish in color. It lives in colonies with workers, queens, and male drones. Care to guess? You got it - I'm talking about an ant.How about this one? It has a slender, aerodynamic body covered in feathers to help it fly. Its wings are attached to a lightweight skeletal frame. This animal has no teeth, but a beak equipped for cracking seeds and eating insects or vegetation. When it isn't soaring overhead, it likely makes its home in trees, bushes, or birdhouses. It may be blue, red, yellow, or any combination of colors. Some are great at mimicking sounds they hear. Have you figured out it's a bird yet?Our next mystery creature is found in lakes, rivers, and oceans. It breathes through gills and has fins for swimming along with a tail for propelling itself. This animal is covered in smooth scales. Some have teeth for gripping prey while others feed bysucking up plant matter or plankton. They hatch from eggs laid in the water. Certain species can grow over 20 feet long! Any guesses? You're absolutely right, I'm describing a fish.Here's a tougher one - this hoofed mammal has two long parallel horns on its head. Its sturdy legs allow it to run quickly and even leap incredible distances. While young ones have reddish fur, adult males grow a dense grey coat. These animals travel in herds and can go long periods without water by getting moisture from the grasses they eat. They make loud coughing territorials calls. Any ideas? Yes, I'm describing an antelope!How's this for a strange one? It has no arms or legs, but slithers along using the hundreds of muscles comprising its long cylindrical body. This animal sticks out its forked tongue to smell the air and hunt for prey like mice, birds, or eggs, which it swallows whole. When threatened, it may hiss, rattle its tail, or coil up ready to strike. Its scaly skin is shed periodically, allowing for new growth. Have you guessed the reptile I'm talking about? Of course, it's a snake!Let's try another feathered friend. This bird has a curved beak and sharp talons used for gripping prey like rodents, rabbits, or fish. It builds large stick nests high up in trees or on cliff ledges. These skilled hunters use their excellent eyesight tospot meals from far away before swooping down for the attack. Some types are tiny while others have wingspans over 6 feet wide! Did you get it? I'm describing the majestic raptor known as a hawk or eagle.Here's one of my personal favorites. This mammal has a long trunk used for grabbing vegetation, spraying water, or loud trumpeting calls. Its large floppy ears allow it to hear from miles away on the hot savannah homeland it roams. Despite its massive size, this gentle giant is herbivorous, using its trunk and strong tusks to gather plants and fruits. Its thick wrinkly grey skin protects it from the sun's rays as it travels in close family herds. Any guesses? You're right, it's the elephant!The next animal has a rounded shell on its back made of plates called scutes. When threatened, it can tuck its head and four stubby legs inside this portable shelter. This reptile moves at a very slow pace, grazing on plants, fruits, and vegetables with its mouth-like beak. Some inhabit hot deserts while others preferropical habitats. Certain species can live over 100 years! Do you know this one? Yes, I'm talking about the tortoise or turtle.For our last mystery creature, imagine a large furry mammal with sharp claws and an excellent sense of smell. Its powerful jaws are lined with long teeth tailored for a meat-eating diet ofdeer, fish, or cattle. This predator marks its territory by scratching bark on trees with its claws. It has a short snout, small rounded ears, and a long tail. At night, you may hear its terrifying roar echoing through the forest. Can you picture what I'm describing? It's the mighty lion, king of the jungle!Well, those are some of the animals I've come up with clues for. How did you do at guessing them all? It's such a fun way to learn more about the incredible diversity of species and their amazing adaptations. From birds that soar to apex predators that roar, our planet is home to a wonderful array of creatures. I hope you enjoyed picking up on the hints about their appearances, behaviors, diets and habitats. Let me know if you'd like me to stump you with more animal mysteries!。

英美概况复习总结（英国部分）

英美概况复习总结（英国部分）Iberians (3000BC-2000BC) the Stonehenge in WiltshireThe Beaker Folk (2000BC)The native Celts (700BC)Roman Britain (55BC-410AD) three invasions:55BC by Julius Caesar failed;54BC by Julius Caesar failed (the invasion marked the beginning of English recorded history for his diary)43AD by the Emperor Claudius,and driving many of the native Celts into mountainous Scotland and Wales (built the Hadrian’s Wall and the Antonine Wall against Scotland;Roman civilization; slave society)The Anglo-Saxon (446-871) there Germanic ethnic tribes:The Jutes from today’s Denmark (first landed in the country Kent )The Anglos(mid-6th century) just took possession of the whole EnglandThe Saxons established kingdom in Essex, Sussex and Wessex)597 St.Augustine and his conversion of Archbishop of Canterbury from RomeWessex(829-1066)829 Egbert king of it and England ended Heptarchy,united the seven kingdoms8th-10th centuries invasion by the Vikings and Danes from North Europe871 Alfred the Great built a naval force “the Farther of the British Navy”1016 EdmundII,the Witan chose Canute,the Danish leader,as king of England ,three generations 1042 Edward had spent most of his life in Normandy, built Westminster Abbey1066 HaroldII against William in HastingsThe Norman Conquest and the House of Normandy(1066-1135)Originated from the Vikings’swooping down and other Northern from Scandinavia Peninsula into the northern of France. They captured Paris in 845 and settled in their country in 912.1066 William crowned in Westminster Abbey, built the Tower of London1085 Domesday BookEstablishment of feudalism,government systemThe house of Blois(1135-1399) Plantagenet dynastyHerryII(1154-1189) reform in Great Council (the chief one ,called Lord Chancellor, is now the head of the English judicial system, Present of the Upper House of Parliament ); the emergence of common law; church courts,failed.RichardI crusader inherit the king of England and the duke in France(the Hundred Years’war) John (1199-1216) 1215 the Great CharterHenryIII the beginning of parliamentEdwardI England conquered Wales.1284, the Statue of Wales placed Wales under English land the Hundred Years’War (1337-1453) EdwardIII(Duke and Garter)-RichardIIThe Black Death (1348-1349)EdwardIII 1351 the govn issued Statute of Labourers to limit the freedom of peasantsRichardII 1381the govn imposed a flat rate poll tax→the peasant uprising(Wat Tyler) Geoffrey Chaucer The Canterbury TalesThe house of Lancaster(1399-1461)HenryV 1415 renewed the war and won crushing victories1420 he was recognised to the French throne1422 the tide of the war was turned after the death of HenryVHenryVI Joan of ArcThe house of York(1461-1485)The Wars of the Ross(1455-1485) the ending of it was seen as the ending of the Middle Ages in European history and the beginning of the modern world history.The house of Tudor(1458-1603)&RenaissanceServed as the transitional stage from feudalism to capitalism in English historyHenryVII(1485-1509) built up England’s navy and foreign trade;make marriage alliances HenryVIII(1509-1547) religion reformation &Renaissance1534 the Act of Succession barred Catholics from succession to the English throne1535 the Act of Supremacy passed,said the supremacy was with the king instead of the Pope EdwardVI(1547-1553) carried out drastic religious change, “The Reformation”ElizabethI(1533-1603) 1588 defeated the Spanish ArmadaThe house of Stuarts&Great Britain(1603-1714)JamesI(1603-1625) the wisest fool in Europe1605 Gunpowder Plot1620 a group of 201 Nonconformists sailed to North America --PilgrimsCharlesI (1625-1649) 1640 t he outbreak out civil war1643 the king’s army won some victories1645 the battle of Naseby,and the New Model Army led by Oliver Cromwell won1647 the Scots surrendered CharlesI to Parliament for a payment of 400,000pounds1648 the Cavaliers revolted1649 CharlesI was beheaded in LondonThe Republic (1649-1660) Commonwealth;Cromwell, Lord Protector1660 CharlesIIwas restored to the throne by BourgeoisieIt was under his rule that the English colonists took over Manhattan Island from the Dutch and named it New York in honor of the Duke of York.He was succeeded by his brother JameII,who was inclined to revive Catholicism in England. England’first religious political partiesformer Cavaliers-Tories-Conservative;former Independent-Whigs-Liberal Party1688 Glorious RevolutionBritain built a modern,professional army during the reign of WilliamIII1689the Bill of Right&the constitutional monarchy1694 the founding of the Bank of England1707 Scots accepted the Act of Union,Great Britain was born -Queen AnneThe House of HanoverFrom the GermanicMid-18th,enclosure,the nationwide banking system was establishedEnd- 18th,the English peasant disappeared as a classThe Industrial Revolution(1850-1950)1733 flying shuttle by John Kay---speed up hand weaving1765 steam engine by James Watt --engineering force1766 spinning Jenny by James Hargreaves---enable one hand labor to spin many threads out 1770 powder----driven machinery,real”revolution’ in textile1776 Adam Smith and his The Wealth of Nations stressed the importance of free market1784 powder loom by Edmund Wright ---enable weaving catch up with spinning The pudding and rolling process by Henry Court---increase the production of high-quality iron 1814 the fist steam locomotive invented by Stephenson---mark the beginning of a new stage of the Industrial Revolution.Malthusianism emergence by Thomas Robert Malthus1850 Britain had completed the construction of its railway system1832 the Reform Bill was passed, the suffrage was extended to all citizens who owned or rented a house worth ten pounds a year in cities,such as renters and owners of lands in the countryside,still excluded from the broad mass of workers and farmhandsThe Chartist Movement(1836-1848)1837 the London Workingmen’s Association worked out The People’s Charter1838 the movement was official launched and divided two groups1839 a National Convention was held in London1842 the petition was sent to the Parliament for the second time,but rejected1848 the Chartist Movement experienced its third and last upsurge, but suppressedVictoria Age1837-1901)1859 Darwin published the Origin of Species in which he argues that the physical species are not fixed, but changing by natural selection in which the fittest /doc/781052026.htmlter on ,it turned into social Darwinism1871 the Trade Union of Act , legalized the trade unions and gave them financial security1876 gave the trade unions the right to exist as corporations ,paving the way for the rapid development of trade unions and the founding of the Labour PartySecret votingCompulsory education&universities admit women students。

拍卖会英文主持词

拍卖会英文主持词Ladies and gentlemen, distinguished guests, welcome to this extraordinary evening of excitement and anticipation. Tonight, we have gathered here to witness the spectacle of the auction and immerse ourselves in the world of fantastic treasures and remarkable craftsmanship.Our journey begins with Lot 1 - a mesmerizing piece that exudes elegance and sophistication. Crafted by the hands of a true master, this artwork captures the essence of beauty and invites you to unveil its hidden stories. Shall we start the bidding?Moving forward, we bring to your attention Lot 2 - an exquisite item that embodies a unique fusion of tradition and innovation. Every curve and detail have been meticulously crafted, making it a cherished item for any collector. Who among us will be fortunate enough to claim it as their own?As we proceed, we enter the realm of Lot 3 - a true treasure waiting to be discovered. This magnificent artifact carries the weight of centuries and whispers tales of its rich history. Let us ignite the bidding war for this rare and priceless gem, as it holds the potential to transform any collection.Now, let's shift our gaze to Lot 4 - a stunning and contemporary piece that pushes the boundaries of our imagination. With its bold colors and striking design, it tantalizes and challenges our perceptions of what art can be. Who will be the lucky individual to add this avant-garde masterpiece to their collection?Finally, we come to Lot 5 - a dazzling and exquisite piece that evokes a sense of wonder and admiration. Its craftsmanship reflects the devotion and dedication of its creator. Timeless and versatile, this objet d'art will undoubtedly become the cherished focal point of any esteemed collection.Ladies and gentlemen, these are just a few of the incredible items that lie before us tonight. Each one holds its own story, its own unique appeal. So, take a deep breath, let your imaginations soar, and get ready to embark on this exceptional journey of bidding and acquiring true treasures. Let the auction begin!。

三种类型蜘蛛丝的结构及生物学功能

三种类型蜘蛛丝的结构及生物学功能蒋平沈丽杨孔冉丹王郭聪!（四川大学生命科学学院成都610064）摘要：利用付里叶变换红外光谱仪（FTIR ）对棒络新妇（Nephila clawata ）、悦目金蛛（Argiope amoena ）的大壶状腺丝（拖丝）、悦目金蛛的捕丝（粘性螺旋丝）和卵袋丝这3种不同类型蜘蛛丝的二级结构进行了测试研究。

结果表明：蜘蛛丝同时包含无规则卷曲、!-螺旋和"-折叠构象；对这3种蛛丝的红外光谱进行比较表明同一蜘蛛的不同类型蛛丝所含的这3种二级结构的比例不同，这种不同组成的二级结构就赋予了蜘蛛丝不同的特性，这种特性又与其不同的功能相适应。

此外，还用扫描电镜（SEM ）和光学显微镜对悦目金蛛和小悦目金蛛（A.minuta ）的拖丝和捕丝做了形态结构观察。

蜘蛛丝这种天然动物蛋白纤维所具有的特殊的形态结构、蛋白质二级结构与其特殊的性能和生物学功能是高度一致的。

关键词：大壶状腺丝；捕丝；卵袋丝；二级结构；生物学功能中图分类号：@954文献标识码：A 文章编号：0250-3263（2003）05-10-05!通讯联系人；第一作者介绍蒋平，男，26岁，硕士研究生；研究方向：动物生态及行为；E-maiI ：jp412@ 。

收稿日期：2002-12-01，修回日期：2003-06-30Structure and Biological Function of Three Types of Spider SilkJIANG PingSHEN LiYANG KongRAN DanWANG JieGUO Cong（College of Life Sciences ，Sichuan Uniwersity ，Chengdu 610064，China ）Abstract ：We tested the naturaI major ampuIIate siIk of two orb-web spiders ，Nephila clawata andArgiope amoena ，the sticky capture siIk（adhesive siIk of spiraI ）of A.amoena and the cocoon siIk of A.amoena with Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy （FTIR ）.Major conformationaI sensitive regions were assigned in the spectra.Spider siIk showed secondary configuration ："-sheet ，random coiI and /or !-heIix.The comparison of the FTIR spectra of these four sampIes of spider siIk demon-strates that the proportions of these three types of conformation differ in different types of siIk from the same spider ，contributing to the different properties and functions of siIk produced by the same species.In addition ，observation of the dragIines of A.amoena by Scanning EIectronic Microscope （SEM ）reveaIed that the dragIine consists of doubIe fiIaments a few #m in diameter.Observation of the sticky capture siIk of A.amoena by opticaI microscopy demonstrated that capture siIk aIso con-sists of two core threads covered by viscid wet dropIets.An argument can be made that these confi-gurations of spider siIk are superbIy matched to their particuIar properties and bioIogicaI functions.Key words ：Major ampuIIate siIk ；Capture siIk ；Cocoon siIk ；Secondary configuration ；BioIogicaIfunctions·01·动物学杂志Chinese JournaI of ZooIogy 200338（5）蜘蛛是一个庞大的家族，种类繁多，不同的蜘蛛抽出不同的丝，织不同的网，其生活策略也不尽相同。

英国历史复习概要

英国历史复习概要England History- A History of InvasionThe conquest of Britain (Before AD. 1st C., made up of many tribal kingdoms of Celtic people) When Who Where from Which part conquered43 AD—AD.5th C Latin-speaking Roman MediterraneancountriesEngland and Wales (notScotland or Ireland)AD.5th C —1066Angles and Saxons(the forefathers of theEnglish; the founders ofEngland)Germany Eastern and SouthernBritain (not Wales andmost of Scotland )mainly EnglandLate AD.8th C –AD 10th C.the ferocious Vikings Scandinavia(北欧：瑞典、挪威⼀带。

丹麦、芬兰、冰岛等)Northern and EasternEngland, ScotlandAD 11th C (1066)Norman French (Williamthe Conqueror defeatedKing Harold at the Battleof Hastings, and built theTower of London)Normandy(northernFrance)The next few hundredyears, joining variousparts of the British Islesunder English rule(England, Wales,Scotland, Ireland)Legends1. King Arthur and his Round Table, giving knights equal precedence and showing knights’ demand for a more democratic system (During Anglo-Saxon’s invasion)2. Robin Hood hid in the forest, rebelled against Normans and robbed from the rich to give to the poor (During the period of Norman rule)--a clue to the English Character: a richly unconventional interior life hidden by an external conformity (体现英国⼈个性的迹象:表⾯上似乎⼀致,但实际上保持着⼀种强烈的独特的⽣活⽅式)I. Early Settlers (5000 BC—55BC)1. The Iberians伊⽐利亚⼈（1）Who were the first known settlers (inhabitants) of Britain?The Iberians（2）When did they come to Britain?At 3000 BC during the New Stone Age（3）How do you know that the Iberians were the first known settlers to Britain?A. The proof is the long barrows (古墓冢) found, which were their communal burial mounds (公墓)B. the Stonehenge (圆形巨⽯群、阵):a. It is a circular group of large standing stones constructed before 2000 BC.b. It is regarded as one of the most important monuments of its kind in Europe.c. Exactly why it was built is unknown but it must have had religious and political significance.(There are many different ideas about the purpose of Stonehenge: it may have been a center of sun worship, and was perhaps an observatory)d. Some think the Stonehenge is associated with the Celts.2. The Beaker Folk宽⼝陶器⼈（以其铃、钟形宽⼝陶器⽽闻名）(1) When and where were they from?At about 2000 BC (at the early Bronze Age) the Beaker Folk arrived from the areas now known as Holland and the Rhineland.(2) Why were they so called? (How did they take their name?)from their distinctive bell-shaped drinking vessels (or beakers)(3) How about their civilization? (What did they bring with them?)a) The art of pottery makingb) The ability to fashion (ornament with patterns) bronze toolsc) The custom of individual buriald) The hill forts (堡垒) and small fortified towns (筑堡城镇). The Maiden Castle is one of the finest examples.3. The Celts(1) Who were the ancestors of the Scots, Welsh and Irish?The Celts were the ancestors of the Scots, Welsh and Irish(2) When and where were they from?They began to arrive about 700 BC, and may have come from eastern and central Europe, now France, Belgium and Germany(3) What were these people?A. They were Practised farmers. They drained much of the marshlands and built houses of wood and wickerwork with a weatherproof coating of mud.（带有抗风化的泥层）B. They were ironworkers.(4) What was their religion?Druidism（德鲁伊德教），the Druids—the wise men, astrologers, soothsayers（占⼘者）II. Roman Britain (55BC—410AD)1. What do you know about the Roman invasion of Britain?(1) British recorded history begins with the Roman invasion.(2) In 55 BC, the great Roman general Julius Caesar invaded Britain for the first time(partly to gather information about the island and partly to punish the Belgae who helped in fighting against the conquering Roman)the invasion was unsuccessful because of resistance, the successful invasion did not take place until nearly a century(3) In AD 43, Emperor Claudius invaded successfully(4) For nearly 400 years Britain was under the Roman occupation, but it was never a total occupation.First, as a result of resistance; Secondly, Roman troops were often withdrawn from Britain to fight in other parts of the Roman Empire.2. the Hadrian’s Wall哈德良长城（公元2世纪，罗马皇帝哈德良下令修建的城墙，⽤于防御英格兰北部边境，抵抗克尔特部落的进攻）It was one of the two great walls built by the Romans to keep the Picts out of the area they had occupied and conquered.(1) After the Roman occupation, the Romans met with fierce resistance and attacks from the tribes of Scotland. These people were called Picts（⽪克特⼈）because of their “painted faces”. )(2) The Romans realized that they could not conquer them. So they withdrew from the north, and built two great walls, the Hadrian’s Wall and the Antonine Wall, to resist the attacks)3. the Roman contribution(1) they built a network of towns on their military camps with the capital of London(the suffix –caster or –chester in English place names—Lancaster, Winchester—derives from castra, the Latin word for camp.)(2) the Romans constructed a network of major and secondary roads. From London, roads radiated all over the country.(3) The Romans made good use of Britain’s natural resources. They built baths, temples, amphitheatres and beautiful villas.(4) The Romans also brought the new religion, Christianity, to Britain.4. Why was the Roman influence on Britain so limited?Although Britain became part of the Roman Empire, the Roman impact upon the Britons was surprisingly limited as a result of(1) the Romans always treated the Britons as a subject people of slave class.(2) The Romans and the Britons never intermarried during the 4 centuries.(3) The Romans had no impact on the language or culture of ordinary Britons.III. The Anglo-Saxons (446-871)盎格鲁-萨克逊⼈1. Who were the Anglo-Saxons?The Anglo-Saxons referred to the three Teutonic tribes（⽇⽽漫部落）who invaded Britain in the mid-5th century. They were Jutes, Saxons and Angles.--The Jutes 朱特⼈, from today’s Denmark, came to Britain first for assistance to drive out the Picts and Scots.--Then the Saxons from northern German--The Angles who also came from northern German and were to give their name to the English people.2. How did the Heptarchy (七王国) come into being?During the Anglo-Saxon invasion, the three tribes named the Jutes, the Saxons and the Angles settled in different parts of Britain which was divided into many kingdoms. Among them, there were 7 principle kingdoms of Kent, Essex, Sussex, Wessex, East Anglia, Mercia and Northumbria. So they have been given the name of Heptarchy.3. Offa’s Dyke欧发⼤堤（古代英格兰的巨⼤⼟⽅⼯程。

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• 3. 刺激造血细胞的生成和分化成熟；刺激造血细胞的生成和分化成熟； • 4. 介导免疫效应阶段的炎症反应；介导免疫效应阶段的炎症反应； • 5. 参与超敏反应和自身免疫性疾病的发病。参与超敏反应和自身免疫性疾病的发病。
抗病毒作用： 1、抗病毒作用：抑制病毒在细胞内
增殖；增殖；
• 干扰素α、β、γ可干扰各种病毒在细干扰素α 可干扰各种病毒在细病毒胞内的复制，胞内的复制，从而防止病毒扩散 • 2、抗细菌作用、 • IL-1、IL-6、IL-8、TNFα等可促进炎症 ILIL- ILTNFα 细胞的聚集、活化和炎症介质的释放, 细胞的聚集、活化和炎症介质的释放,可发热中枢引起全身发烧直接刺激发热中枢引起全身发烧, 直接刺激发热中枢引起全身发烧,
刺激造血（刺激造血（细胞因子对造血系统的庞大控制网络）
• GM-CSF、G-CSF、M-CSF、multi-CSF(ILGM-CSF、 CSF、 CSF、multi-CSF(IL3)等 3)等。 • CSF和IL-3是作用于粒细胞系造血细胞。 CSF和IL- 是作用于粒细胞系造血细胞。 CSF作用于单核系造血细胞作用于单核系造血细胞。 M-CSF作用于单核系造血细胞。 • Epo作用于红系造血细胞，IL-7作用于淋 Epo作用于红系造血细胞 IL作用于红系造血细胞，巴系造血细胞。巴系造血细胞。 • IL-6、IL-11作用于巨核造血细胞。 ILIL-11作用于巨核造血细胞作用于巨核造血细胞。
意义：意义：
• 通过研究细胞因子的免疫网络调节，可通过研究细胞因子的免疫网络调节，以更好地理解完整的免疫系统调节机制，以更好地理解完整的免疫系统调节机制，并且有助于指导细胞因子做为生物应答调节剂 (biologicalresponsemodifier,BRM)应 (biologicalresponsemodifier,BRM)应用于临床治疗免疫性疾病治疗免疫性疾病。用于临床治疗免疫性疾病。
免疫调节作用
• 淋巴细胞又产生IL-2、6、10，干扰素γ，淋巴细胞又产生ILIL 10，干扰素γ GM-CSF，巨噬细胞移动抑制因子（MIF） GM-CSF，巨噬细胞移动抑制因子（MIF）等细胞因子调节单核巨噬细胞的功能。等细胞因子调节单核巨噬细胞的功能。 • 许多免疫细胞还可通过分泌细胞因子产生自身调节单核巨噬细胞的功能。生自身调节单核巨噬细胞的功能。
某种细胞因子缺陷就可能导致相应细胞的缺陷
• 肾性贫血病人的发病就是肾产生Epo的缺肾性贫血病人的发病就是肾产生Epo的缺贫血病人的发病就是肾产生Epo 陷所致。 • 目前多种刺激造血的细胞因子已成功地用于临床血液血液病有非常好的发展前景。用于临床血液病，有非常好的发展前景。
细胞因子与临床应用
4免疫调节作用
• T细胞产生IL-2、4、5、6、10、13，干细胞产生ILIL 10、13，扰素γ等细胞因子刺激B细胞的分化、扰素γ等细胞因子刺激B细胞的分化、增殖和抗体产生；殖和抗体产生； • B细胞又可产生IL-12调节TH1细胞活性和细胞又可产生IL 12调节 IL- 调节T 细胞活性。 TC细胞活性。在单核巨噬细胞与淋巴细胞之间，前者产生IL IL10，胞之间，前者产生IL-1、6、8、10，干扰素α TNF- 等细胞因子促进或抑制T 扰素α，TNF-α等细胞因子促进或抑制T、 NK细胞功能细胞功能； B、NK细胞功能；
• 一、细胞因子与疾病的关系 • ILILTNF等与发热等与发热、 IL-1, IL-6, TNF等与发热、炎症反应以及中毒性休克等多种临床病症有关有关。应以及中毒性休克等多种临床病症有关。 • 二、细胞因子的临床应用 • 治疗病毒感染性疾病（IFN治疗病毒感染性疾病（IFN-a治疗病毒
性肝炎）性肝炎） • 治疗肿瘤（rhILrhTNFrhIFN治疗肿瘤（rhIL-2、rhTNF-a、rhIFNγ） (multi-CSF、GM-CSF）促进造血 (multi-CSF、GM-CSF）, 用于治疗放化疗引起的骨髓抑制。用于治疗放化疗引起的骨髓抑制。
• 其有害效应, TGF-β参与伤口愈合的纤维化、其有害效应参与伤口愈合的纤维化、参与伤口愈合的纤维化高浓度的TGF-β注人到玻璃体内可引起增殖性高浓度的注人到玻璃体内可引起增殖性玻璃体视网膜病变。玻璃体视网膜病变。 • 其有利效应, 有报道局部注射TGF-β可促进全其有利效应, 有报道局部注射TGF-β可促进全层黄斑裂孔的愈合
许多免疫细胞还可通过分泌细胞因子产生自身调节作用
• T细胞产生的IL-2可刺激T细胞的IL-2受细胞产生的IL- 可刺激T细胞的ILIL IL 体表达和进一步的IL 分泌， IL体表达和进一步的IL-2分泌，TH1细胞通过产生干扰素γ 过产生干扰素γ抑TH2细胞的细胞因子产细胞又通过IL 10、ILILIL生。而TH2细胞又通过IL-10、IL-4和IL13抑制细胞的细胞因子产生。抑制T 13抑制TH1细胞的细胞因子产生。
•最新Βιβλιοθήκη 究进展• 细胞因子作用的双重性 • 对某些细胞因子的活性分析显示它们对机体既有治疗效果也存在损伤作用 • 在眼部有重要作用的转化生长因子在眼部有重要作用的转化生长因子TGF • 就是一例。TGF既可调节细胞增殖又就是一例。既可调节细胞增殖, 既可调节细胞增殖 • 可影响其它多种细胞因子的合成
许多免疫细胞还可通过分泌细胞因子产生自身调节作用
• T细胞产生的IL-2可刺激T细胞的IL-2受细胞产生的IL- 可刺激T细胞的ILIL IL 体表达和进一步的IL 分泌， IL体表达和进一步的IL-2分泌，TH1细胞通过产生干扰素γ 过产生干扰素γ抑TH2细胞的细胞因子产细胞又通过IL 10、ILILIL生。而TH2细胞又通过IL-10、IL-4和IL13抑制细胞的细胞因子产生。抑制T 13抑制TH1细胞的细胞因子产生。
3、抗肿瘤作用：抗肿瘤作用：
• 抑制细胞分裂；增强NK，TC和Mφ 的抑制细胞分裂；增强，和细胞毒活性 • ILF可直接作用于某些髓性白血病细胞， ILF可直接作用于某些髓性白血病细胞，可直接作用于某些髓性白血病细胞使其分化为 • 单核细胞，丧失恶性增殖特性。另有一单核细胞，丧失恶性增殖特性。些细胞因子通
功与过
细胞因子的
细胞因子的生物学活性
• 1. 介导天然（非特异性）免疫：介导天然（非特异性）免疫： • TNF等参与抗病毒感染和抗肿瘤免疫等参与抗病毒感染和抗肿瘤免疫； IFN, TNF等参与抗病毒感染和抗肿瘤免疫； • 2. 介导特异性免疫：介导特异性免疫：
调节T细胞和B细胞的活化、增殖和分化，调节T细胞和B细胞的活化、增殖和分化，参与调节体液免疫和细胞免疫。与调节体液免疫和细胞免疫。