课后练习答案Unit5 The real truth about lies

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Unit 5 The Real Truth About Lies

About the author
• Randy Fitzgerald, a freelance writer, columnist and blogger. • “The Real Truth about Lies” is an article from Readers’ Digest published in November 1999.
Part I: Para. 1—6 Vocabulary and Grammar
• 1. (Para 1) volunteer : v. to give or offer willingly or without
being paid • n. a person who gives help willingly
English Debate
• positive side: White lies are welcomed in our society
• negative side: White lies are not welcomed in our society
Hale Waihona Puke Text 1 The Real Truth About Lies
Unit 5 Influence of lies in real life
A Survey
• Have you ever lied to someone?
• Write down one of your lies and the reason why you lied.
Different lies
an earth-shattering discovery
• eg: 震撼世界的重大事件。
an event of earth-shattering importance

Unit 5 The Real Truth about Lies解析

Part Two
ubiquitous: seeming to be everywhere似乎无所不在的，十分普遍的，相当于“common” e.g. :Smoking in public is a ubiquitous problem. 在公共场合吸烟是一个无处不在的问题。 ubiquitously (adv) 无处不在地 ubiquity (n). 普遍存在；到处存在 Invariably: constantly, always一贯地，始终如一地 e.g. :Invariably I get up at 6:00 in the morning. 我一贯早上六点钟起床。 blurt out:脱口而出 e.g.: He blurted out the secret before we could stop him. 在我们制止他之前，他已将秘密脱口而出。
② a distinguishing quality of being excellent or important 优秀；杰出；卓越：
eg：a singer of distinction 优秀歌唱家
• Coarsen
• To become or make sth. become thicker or rougher 变厚；变粗糙： • Eg： Her hands were coarsened by hard work. • 繁重的劳动使她的双手变得粗糙了。
prevarication:the state of avoiding giving a direct answer or making a frim decision. eg:His prevarication on this matter made us angry. be devoted to:致力于，专心于 characterize sb./sth.as：描述，刻画...的特征

课后练习答案Unit5Therealtruthaboutlies

Unit 5 The real truth‎ about‎ l ies.V ocab‎u l ary‎.1. Expla‎i n the under‎l ined‎part in each sente‎n ce in your own words‎.(1)very impor‎t ant/shock‎i ng/traum‎a ti c;(2) avoid‎hurti‎n g the other‎s’‎feeli‎n gs;(3)modif‎y ing the truth‎;(4) a cours‎e of actio‎n which‎can easil‎y lead to somet‎h ing unacc‎e ptab‎l e, wrong‎or disas‎t rous‎;(5)under‎any circu‎m stan‎c es/whate‎v er might‎ h appe‎n;2. Fill in the blank‎in each sente‎n ce with a word taken‎from the box in the prope‎r form.(1) suppo‎r tive‎; (2) perce‎i ved; (3) preva‎r i cat‎i on; (4) astou‎n ded;(5)under‎m i ne; (6) falte‎r ed; (7) fibs; (8) volun‎teere‎d3. Fill in the blank‎s with the appro‎p riat‎e forms‎of the given‎words‎. (1) uneth‎i cal; (2) feign‎e d; (3) unspa‎r i ng; (4) cynic‎al;(5) confo‎u nded‎l y; (6) lubri‎c a ted‎; (7) entan‎g l ed; (8) Willf‎u l4.Fill in the blank‎in each sente‎n ce with an appro‎p riat‎e phras‎a l verb or collo‎c atio‎n taken‎from the text.(1) cover‎ u p; (2) blurt‎e d out; (3) set up; (4) find out;(5) wear down; (6) speci‎a lize‎in; (7) profe‎s ses to; (8) compl‎i ment‎e d, on;5. Give a synon‎y m or an anton‎y m of the word under‎l ined‎in each sente‎n ce in the sense‎ i t is used.(1) evasi‎o n(equiv‎o cati‎o n); (2) chron‎i c (repea‎te d);(3) commo‎n ( preva‎l ent, omnip‎r esen‎t); (4) sligh‎tly;(5) insul‎t (repro‎a ch, criti‎c i ze); (6) disto‎r t;(7) growt‎h (multi‎p l i ca‎ti on); (8) stren‎g then‎e d (conso‎li dat‎e d)6. Expla‎i n the under‎l ined‎phras‎a l verbs‎in your own words‎.(1)cance‎l l ed; (2)overc‎o me; (3)follo‎w; (4)fell into;(5)make it more accep‎t able‎; (6)feel unhap‎p y about‎;(7)remov‎e d from consi‎d e rat‎i on; (8)reser‎v e for futur‎e use.Gramm‎ar.1. 1.proba‎b ilit‎y2.possi‎b i lit‎y3.inten‎t i on4.possi‎b ilit‎y5.neces‎s i ty6.possi‎b ilit‎y7.oblig‎a tion‎8.proba‎b ilit‎y2. Compl‎e te each sente‎n ce with what you think‎the most appro‎p riat‎e…1~5 CCBAD‎6~10 BBBAA‎3. rewri‎t e the sente‎n ces below‎u sing‎the words‎ and phras‎e s from the box.(1) He can’t have told us every‎t hing‎.(2) Somet‎h ing must have gone wrong‎.(3) She can’t be only thirt‎y years‎ ol d.(4) They may not know yet.(5) The road could‎/may have been close‎d.(6) The polic‎e must know that.(7) There‎may/could‎have been a traff‎i c jam.(8) The lette‎r could‎/may arriv‎e today‎.(9) That will/must be my mothe‎r.(10) There‎shoul‎d be time to do some shopp‎ing.4.Rewri‎t e the follo‎w ing sente‎n ce, using‎ verbl‎e ss claus‎e s.1. When in doubt‎, tell the truth‎. It will confo‎u nd your enemi‎e s andastou‎n d your frien‎ds.2. When heate‎d, metal‎ e xpan‎d s.3. If true, it will cause‎u s a lot of troub‎l e.4. Whene‎v er possi‎b l e, they shoul‎d be typed‎.5. When in Rome, do as the Roman‎s do.6. Send the goods‎ now, if ready‎.7. If neces‎s ary, ring me at home.8. He glanc‎e d about‎ a s if in searc‎h of somet‎h ing.5. Compl‎e t e the sente‎n ces with the prope‎r forms‎ of the verbs‎ given‎.1. discu‎s sing‎, havin‎g reach‎e d2. payin‎g3.Lying‎, sitti‎n g4. to pacif‎y, to be pacif‎i ed, grumb‎l i ng5. repea‎t, to make, to do6. going‎, stay7. to see, to avoid‎, hitti‎n g8. to arriv‎e, risin‎g9. doing‎10. to makeTrans‎l atio‎n.1. 1. 十分惊人的‎是，这些无数次‎说谎的人称‎，说谎并没有‎使他们十分‎纠结或后悔‎。

Unit 5 The real truth about lies练习答案综合教程三

Unit 5 The real truth about lies练习答案综合教程三Unit 5 The Real Truth About LiesIn today's society, lies are a common occurrence in both our personal and professional lives. We often find ourselves questioning the truthfulness of others and even lying ourselves. This unit will explore the different aspects of lies, including their impact on relationships, the psychology behind lying, and strategies for detecting deception.1. The Impact of Lies on RelationshipsLies can have a profound impact on relationships, be it friendships, romantic relationships, or professional partnerships. When trust is broken through deception, it can be challenging to rebuild. Lies can create distance, erode intimacy, and lead to a breakdown in communication.Furthermore, lies can cause emotional harm. Discovering that someone close to us has been dishonest can result in feelings of betrayal, anger, and disappointment. If lies persist, it can destroy the foundation of any relationship, making it difficult for both parties to move forward.2. The Psychology of LyingUnderstanding the psychology behind lying can shed light on why people choose to deceive others. Lying is often a deliberate act intended to manipulate the truth and gain some personal advantage. Psychologists have identified various reasons why individuals lie, which include:a) Self-interest: People may lie to protect themselves from negative consequences or to achieve personal gain.b) Fear: Fear of punishment or the desire to avoid conflict can lead individuals to tell lies.c) Desire for approval: Some people lie to gain acceptance or be seen in a more favorable light by others.d) Protection: Individuals may lie to protect themselves or someone they care about from harm or embarrassment.3. Strategies for Detecting DeceptionIt is not always easy to detect lies, as skilled liars can be convincing. However, there are strategies that can help increase our ability to detect deception:a) Nonverbal cues: Pay attention to a person's body language, facial expressions, and tone of voice. Inconsistent or overly animated gestures, avoidance of eye contact, or a shaky voice may indicate deception.b) Inconsistencies in storytelling: Liars may have difficulty maintaining a consistent narrative or may contradict themselves when questioned in detail.c) Microexpressions: These fleeting facial expressions can reveal true emotions that may conflict with the lie being told.d) Gut instincts: Trust your instincts and listen to any feelings of suspicion or discomfort you may have when someone is speaking.4. Honesty and Building TrustOpen and honest communication is essential for building and maintaining trust in relationships. To promote a culture of honesty, it is crucial to:a) Lead by example: Be truthful and transparent in your own words and actions.b) Encourage honesty: Create an environment where it is safe for others to be honest without fear of judgment or punishment.c) Build trust gradually: Trust takes time to develop, so be patient and consistent in your actions.d) Address past lies: When trust has been broken, have open and honest conversations about the impact of the deception and work together to rebuild trust.In conclusion, lies have the power to damage relationships, hinder communication, and erode trust. Understanding the impact of lies on relationships, the psychology behind lying, and strategies for detecting deception can help foster a culture of honesty and build stronger connections with others. It is imperative to remember that honesty and trust are essential in all aspects of our lives. Through open and transparent communication, we can navigate the complexities of lies and ultimately maintain healthier and more fulfilling relationships.。

Unit 5 The Real Truth about Lies

White lies
Suppose you are in trouble. When your parents call you and ask how you are, will you tell them a lie by saying that you are fine or tell them the truth? A white lie is one that lacks evil intent. It is harmless or trivial, and is frequently said in order to show the speaker's good intention and avoid hurting someone’s feelings.
2 One student and six Charlottesville residents
professed to have told no falsehoods. The other 140 participants told 1535.
questions: paras. 1-6
Part 1
Main idea
Theme: to prove the real truth about lies.
The tone: quite humorous as it resorts to daily life
and causes much resonance.
In this text, the author asserts the ubiquitous
Unit 5
LOGO
应用英语系戚萍萍
Teaching objectives
I.
To talk about the topic of lying freely and understand the real truth of lies.

Unit-5-The-real-truth-about-lies练习标准答案综合教程三

Unit 5 The Real Truth about LiesKey to the ExercisesText comprehensionI. Decide which of the following best sums up the argument of the passage.CII. Judge, according to the text, whether the following statements are true or false.1. T (Refer to Paragraph 3. It is true that women tell lies because they care about others' feelings, and men are more selfish。

they tell lies generally for self-promoting purposes.)2. T (Refer to Paragraph 5.)3. T (Refer to Paragraph 6.)4. F (Refer to Paragraph 12. Even seemingly harmless falsehoods, or white lies, can have unforeseen consequences.)5. F (Refer to Paragraph 16. There are still occasions where lies are acceptable.)III. Answer the following questions.1. Refer to Paragraphs 2-5. Professor DePaulo's study suggests that lying is a common phenomenon and most of the lies we tell are small and insignificant. Meanwhile, as she points out, it is common that people take lies lightly: their lies have caused them little preoccupation or regret.2. Refer to Paragraph3. According to the passage, the purpose of telling lies or white lies varies: women tell lies according to the principle of caring, or to spare other's feelings, and men tell lies basically for utilitarian self-promoting purposes.3. Refer to Paragraphs 7-10. The story of Tom supports the argument that little white lies are ubiquitous, and people have taken such lies for granted, believing that they are well-intended. When he consulted with Michael Josephson, the reply is very negative: his mother-in-law may feel hurt when she discovers the deceit some day. Or even worse, she may question: "And what else have you lied to me about?" In short, such white lies may produce mistrust among people.4. Refer to Paragraphs 12-15. The consequences of lying are three-fold: the deceived may feel cheated and won't trust the liar anymore。

unit 5

Unit 5 The Real Truth about LiesI1 When we start to tell a lie, we have entered a very intricate situation, as a lie often requires other lies until the whole structure of lies becomes so complex that it ensnares the liar.2 One is less inhibited from lying; his ability to make moral right and wrong judgments is dulled, and he may become less cautious against being caught.3 The most understandable and acceptable lies are those which are told for the sake to love and care at the expense of trust, according to the ethicists.I1 very important/shocking/traumatic2 avoid hurting the other’s feelings/avoid doing something that would upset the other person3 telling the truth with a favorable emphasis or slant/modifying the truth4 a course of action which can easily lead to something unacceptable, wrong, or disastrous5 under any circumstances/whatever might happenII1 supportive2 perceived3 prevarication4 astounded5 undermine6 faltered7 fibs8 volunteeredIII1) ethic n.→ ethical a.→ unethical a.伦理学是哲学的分科。

综合英语三U5课后答案

Unit 5 The Real Truth about LiesText comprehensionI.CII. TTTFFIII. omittedIV.1. When we start to tell a lie, we would have entered a very intricate situation, as a lie often requires other lies until the whole structure of lies becomes so complex tha t it ensnares the liar.2. One is less inhibited from lying: his ability to tell the truth from the falsehood is dulled, and he may become less cautious against being caught.3. The most understandable and acceptable lies are those which are told for the sake of love and care at the expense of trust, according to the ethicists.VocabularyI.1. very important/shocking/traumatic;2. avoid hurting the others’ feelings/avoid doing something that would upset the other person3.telling the truth with a favorable emphasis or slant/modifying the truth4.a course of action which can easily lead to something unacceptable, wrong or disastrous;5.under any circumstances/whatever might happenII.1. supportive; 2 perceived; 3 prevarication; 4 astounded;5 undermine;6 faltered;7 fibs;8 volunteeredIII.1. unethical; 2 feigned; 3 unsparing; 4 cynical; 5 confoundedly; 6 lubricated; 7 entangled; 8 WillfulIV.1. cover up;2. blurted out;3. set up;4. find out;5. wear/wore down;6. specializes in;7. professes to;8. complimented onV.1. evasion (equivocation); 2 chronic (repeated); 3 common (prevalent, omnipresent); 4 slightly; 5 insult(reproach, criticize); 6 distort; 7 growth (multiplication); 8 strengthened (consolidated)VI.1.cancelled;2. overcome;3. follow;4. fell into;5. make it more acceptable;6. feel unhappy about;7. removed from consideration;8. Rese. rve for further use GrammarI.1. probability; 2 possibility; 3 intention; 4 possibility; 5 necessity;6 possibility;7 obligation;8 probabilityII.CCBAD BBBAAIII.1. He can’t have told us everything.2. Something must have gone wrong.3. She can’t be only thirty years old.4. They may not know yet.5. The road could/may have been closed.6. The police must know that.7. There may/could have been a traffic jam.8. The letter could/may arrive today.9. That will/must be my mother.10. There should be time to do some shopping.IV.1. When in doubt, tell the truth. It will confound your enemies and astound your friends.2. When heated, metal expands.3. If true, it will cause us a lot of trouble4. Whenever possible, they should be typed5. When in Rome, do as the Romans do6. Send the goods now, if ready7. If necessary, ring me at home.8. He glanced about as if in search of something.V.1.discussing, having reached2.paying3.Lying, sitting4.to pacify, to be pacified, grumbling5.repeat, to make, to do6.going, stay7.to see, to avoid, hitting8.to arrive, rising9.doing10.to make, to seeTranslationI. E-C1. Most strikingly, these tellers-of-a-thousand-lies reported that their deceptions caused them “littl e preoccupation or regret.”十分惊人的是，这些无数次说谎的人称，说谎并没有使他们十分纠结或后悔。

Unit 5 The real truth about lies Words and Expressions综合教程三

Unit 5 The Real Truth about LiesWords and Expressions1. profess v.e.g. James professed to know everything about sculpture.He professed the greatest respect for the law.2. earth-shattering a.e.g. After years of hard work, they finally made an earth-shattering discovery.The new invention is of earth-shattering importance.3. feign v.pretend to have or be, put on a false air ofe.g. She feigned to be ill in order not to do the exercises.He feigned surprise and they all believed him.Collocations:feign interest / surprise / ignorance / illness(formal) pretend that you are interested, surprised, etc.e.g.“Oh really!” he said, trying to feign interest.Sometimes it’s best just to feign ignorance (=pretend that you do not know anything). Synonym:pretend v.deliberately behave as though something is true when you know it is not, either for fun or to deceive peoplee.g. Mark closed his eyes and pretended to be asleep.She shouted but he pretended that he hadn’t heard her.4. spare one’s feeling savoid doing sth. that would upset sb.e.g. He simply wished to minimize the fuss and to spare her feelings.We carefully avoided mentioning the news to spare his feelings.5. preoccupation n.a strong interest in sth., usually because you are worried about it, with the result that you do not pay attention to other thingse.g. Because of his preoccupation with his books, he didn’t realize we were alreadyback.Such preoccupation with your work isn’t healthy.6. prevarication n.the state of avoiding giving a direct answer or making a firm decisione.g. After months of prevarication, a decision was finally made.When we questioned the authorities on the subject, we were met by prevarication.7. devote … togive all or a large part of one’s time or r esources to (a person, activity, or cause)e.g. I want to devote more time to my family.He devotes himself to philanthropy.8. profession n.a form of employment, esp. one that is possible only for an educated person and that is respected in society as honorablee.g. She intends to make teaching her profession.According to the report, forty percent of the lawyers entering the profession are women.9. pundit n.a person who is an authority on a particular subject; an experte.g. Mr. Johnson is a well-known political pundit.We’ve invited a foreign-policy pundit to give us a lecture.10. shape or spin the truthmodify the truth11. client n.sb. who pays for services or advice from a person or an organizatione.g. a solicitor and his client12. ubiquitous a.seeming to be everywheree.g. By the end of last century, the computer had become ubiquitous.We are now confronted with the ubiquitous spread of English.13. fib n.a small unimportant liee.g. Have you ever told fibs?She told innocent fibs like anyone else.14. invariably ad.alwayse.g. It’s invariably wet when I take my holidays.She invariably forgets to take her keys.15. blurt out v.say sth. suddenly and without thinking, usually because one is nervous or excitede.g. To our surprise, he blurted his secret out at table.John blurted out that he dreamed of becoming a computer programmer.16. lubricant n.a substance such as oil that one puts on surfaces that rub togethere.g. That all-important task acts as a social lubricant, minimizing frictions.17. tangled a.complicated or made up of many confusing partse.g. After listening to his speech I thought his ideas and opinions were so tangled that Icould not vote for him.The floor of the forest was covered with tangled growth.18. wear downreduce or become weaker until uselesse.g. My shoes have worn down at the heel.Your back tyres are badly worn down; you should fit new ones.19. warp v.bend or twist and to be no longer in the correct shapee.g. Left in the garage where it was damp, the wooden frame had warped.The door must be warped. It won’t close properly.20. think highly ofhave a good opinion ofe.g. We think highly of your suggestion.I can assure you, the management thinks very highly of you.21. proliferation n.a rapid increase in the amount or number of sth.e.g. Smoking triggers off cell proliferation.Over the past two years, we have witnessed the proliferation of TV channels.22. cynicism n.the belief that people always act selfishly23. .associate n.sb. who you work or do business withe.g. He is not a friend, but a business associate.George’s party was boring— it was full of his business associates.24. undermine v.gradually make sb. or sth. less strong or effectivee.g. She jealously tried to undermine our friendship.Lack of food has undermined his health.25. rule of thumba rough method of calculation, based on practical experiencee.g. I never weigh anything when I’m cooking— just do it by rule of thumb.As a rule of thumb, a cup of filter coffee contains about 89mg caffeine.26. astound v.make sb. very surprised or shockede.g. It astounds me that anyone could every consider declaring war.He used to astound his friends with feats of physical endurance.。

unit5课后练习答案

课后练习答案（全新版大学英语综合教程第二版第2册UNIT5）Book 2Unit 5 Overcoming ObstaclesText A True HeightKey to Book 2 Unit 5VocabularyI. 1.1) startled 2) mere3) motion 4) sweating5) stretched out 6) vain7) On one occasion 8) anxiety9) emotions 10) ashamed of11) In my mind's eye12) recurring2.1) Mrs. White's birthday coincides with her husband's.2) They make big profits on the stuff they--------------------------精品文档，可以编辑修改，等待你的下载，管理，教育文档----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------sell by creating an artificial shortage, which sends the prices soaring / results in the soaring of prices.3) It has been a week of alternate sunshine and rain.4) Politics and philosophy have been his lifelong passions, although he studied economics at university.5) T ension came over her, as she waited for her first TV interview.3.1) media; dedication to; grace.2) his competitors; in excitement; hug him; congratulate him on3) emotions; numerous; intensity; passion forII. Collocation1) Mike, a Green, made the suggestion that--------------------------精品文档，可以编辑修改，等待你的下载，管理，教育文档----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------a large park be built near the community.2) In a letter to his daughter, Mr. Smith expressed his wish that she (should) continue her education to acquire still another degree.3) There is no reason to hold the belief that humans have no direct moral responsibility to safeguard the welfare of animals.4) Children need to feel safe about the world they grow up in, and it is unwise to give them the idea that everything they come into contact with might be a threat. 5) Anxiety can result from the notion that life has not treated us fairly.6) Nobody believed his claim that he was innocent.III. Words with Multiple Meanings1. work out in the gym for one hour every--------------------------精品文档，可以编辑修改，等待你的下载，管理，教育文档----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------morning.2. Florence has worked as a cleaner at the factory for five years.3. The wounded man worked his way across the field on his hands and knees.4. The safe load for a truck of this type works out at about twenty-five tons.5. It is difficult to understand how human minds work.6. To my disappointment, the manager's plan of promoting the new products doesn't work at all.7. The teacher has a lot of experience of working with children who don't know how to learn.8. The medicine began to work one hour after the child took it..Comprehensive exercises--------------------------精品文档，可以编辑修改，等待你的下载，管理，教育文档----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------I. Cloze(A) T ext-related1. In my mind's eye2. groan3. competitor4. intensity5. anxiety6. tense7. sweat8. tension9. soaring10. recurring11. brought me back to earth12. fantasy13. sweat14. congratulate15.numerous16. media(B)Theme-related--------------------------精品文档，可以编辑修改，等待你的下载，管理，教育文档----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1. engineer2. forget3. convinced4. how5. build6. accident7. thought8. only9. sharp10. touched11. instructions12. finallyII. Translation1.1) It is the creativity and dedication of the workers and executives that turned the company into a profitable business.--------------------------精品文档，可以编辑修改，等待你的下载，管理，教育文档----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2) The prices of food and medicine have soared in the past three months.3) We plan to repaint the upper floors of the office building.4) His success shows that popularity and artistic merit sometimes coincide.5) I don’t want to see m y beloved grandmother lying in a hospital bed and groaning painfully.2.Numerous facts bear out the argument/statement/claim that in order to recover speedily from negative emotion, you should allow yourself to cry. You needn’t / don’t have to be ashamed of crying. Anxiety and sorrow can flow out of the body along with tears.Consider the case of Donna. Take --------------------------精品文档，可以编辑修改，等待你的下载，管理，教育文档----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Donna as an example/ Donna is a case in point. Her son unfortunately died in a car accident. The intensity of the blow made her unable to cry. She said, “It was not until two weeks later that I began to cry. And then I felt as if a big stone had been lifted from my shoulders. It was the tears that brought me back to earth and help me survive the crisis.”--------------------------精品文档，可以编辑修改，等待你的下载，管理，教育文档----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------。

综合教程The real truth about lies翻译谎言的实质

综合教程The real truth about lies翻译谎言的实质大多数人都会撒个小谎。

这些小谎毫无害处，是吗?在夏洛特斯维尔的弗吉尼亚大里，心理学教授贝拉·德帕罗组织了一次由77名学生和70名市民志愿参加的特别活动。

所有参加者要记一周的日记，记录下自己撒谎的次数和细节。

1名学生和6名夏洛特斯维尔的居民自称没有撒过谎。

另外140名参加者共汁撒谎1535次。

大部分谎言我们大多数人常常不认为是什么惊天动地的。

有人对配偶或是对朋友表现出虚情假意，或对某位亲属的观点佯装赞同。

依德帕罗之见，女土们在相互交往中主要是为不伤对方面子而撒谎，男士们一般则是为了抬高自我而说谎。

令人极为惊奇的是，这1000多条谎盲的制造者们声称，他们对自己的欺骗行为“不大在乎或不觉愧疚”。

难道这也是在撒谎?或许是吧。

不过，确有证据表明，人们对随便使用谎言的这种态度是很常见的。

例如，加州马里纳-戴尔雷的一个致力于人格教育的非营利性组织——约瑟夫森伦理道德研究所对两万名中学生进行过调查。

92％的青少年承认一年中对父母撒过谎，73％把自己视为“连续撒谎的人”，也就是说他们每星期都撒谎。

尽管如此，受测人中“对自己的道德和人品表示满意”的却占到了91％。

想想我们是多么经常地听到这些话：“我会打电话给你”、“支票马上汇来”、“对不起，他出去了”。

还有那些以律师、专家和公关顾问为职的人们，他们的专职似乎就是编造事实以满足客户的需要。

无关紧要的小谎言无处不在，而我们撒谎的理由也大同小异。

看看这个例子，是关于南加州的一个公司经理的，我就叫他汤姆吧。

他每年感恩节都要携妻带子回岳母家吃饭。

汤姆十分不喜欢岳母做的“风味独特”的南瓜馅饼，但为了不伤她面子，他总是对她说那是多么好吃。

“这有什么不好？”汤姆问约瑟夫森研究所的所长迈克尔·约瑟夫森。

可能我们每个人都会问这样的问题。

约瑟夫森要汤姆站在岳母的立场上考虑一下他的谎言。

假设有一天，汤姆的孩子一不小心说漏了嘴，使她了解了实情。

新世纪高等院校英语专业本科生系列教材 (修订版)(第二版)U5B3The_Real_Truth_about_Lies

which you dislike intensely, and asks for your opinion about it, what will you say? 2.When do you think people lie? 3. Why do people lie? 4.To whom do people most likely to lie? 5. How would you feel if somebody lied to you for your own good? 6. What’s your view of white lies? 7. Have you ever lied? examples
- - - Sophocles
• Lying is an act of aggression--against the
recipient of the lie. Lies hurt people, they hurt companies and shareholders and they hurt relationships. • Lying is also an act of weakness. The liar is unwilling to bear the responsibility of the truth-telling. Lying is the lazy way, the selfish way. • Lying is an antisocial act, injuring the person lied to and any relationships binding liar and victim.
• Truth is completely spontaneous. Lies have to

Unit-5-The-Real-Truth-About-Lies课文翻译综合教程三名师制作优质教学资料

Unit 5The Real Truth about LiesRandy FitzgeraldAt the University of Virginia in Charlottesville, psychology professor Bella DePaulogot 77 students and 70 townspeople to volunteer for an unusual project. All kept diariesfor a week, recording the numbers and details of the lies they told.One student and six Charlottesville residents professed to have told no falsehoods. The other 140 participants told 1,535.The lies were most often not what most of us would call earth-shattering. Someonewould pretend to be more positive or supportive of a spouse or friend than he or she really was, or feign agreement with a relative's opinion. According to DePaulo, women intheir interactions with other women lied mostly to spare the other's feelings. Men lied toother men generally for self-promoting reasons.Most strikingly, these tellers-of-a-thousand-lies reported that their deceptions caused them "little preoccupation or regret". Might that, too, be a lie? Perhaps. But thereis evidence that this attitude toward casual use of prevarication is common.For example, 20,000 middle- and high-schoolers were surveyed by the Josephson Institute of Ethics--a nonprofit organization in Marina del Rey, California, devoted to character education. Ninety-two percent of the teenagers admitted having lied to their parents in the previous year, and 73 percent characterized themselves as "serial liars", meaning they told lies weekly. Despite these admissions, 91 percent of all respondents said they were "satisfied with my own ethics and character".Think how often we hear the expressions "I'll call you" or "The check is in the mail”or "I'm sorry, but he stepped out". And then there are professions-- lawyers, pundits, PR consultants--whose members seem to specialize in shaping or spinning the truth to suitclients' needs.Little white lies have become ubiquitous, and the reasons we give each other for telling fibs are familiar. Consider, for example, a Southern California corporate executivewhom I'll call Tom. He goes with his wife and son to his mother-in-law's home for Thanksgiving dinner every year. Tom dislikes her “special”pumpkin pie intensely. Invariably he tells her how wonderful it is, to avoid hurting her feelings."What's wrong with that?" Tom asked Michael Josephson, president of the Josephson Institute. It's a question we might all ask.Josephson replied by asking Tom to consider the lie from his mother-in-law's pointof view. Suppose that one day Tom's child blurts out the truth, and she discovers the deceit. Will she tell her son-in-law, "Thank you for caring so much?" Or is she more likelyto feel hurt and say, "How could you have misled me all these years? And what else haveyou lied to me about?"And what might Tom's mother-in-law now suspect about her own daughter? And willTom's boy lie to his parents and yet be satisfied with his own character?How often do we compliment people on how well they look, or express our appreciation for gifts, when we don't really mean it? Surely, these "nice" lies are harmlessand well intended, a necessary social lubricant. But, like Tom, we should remember thewords of English novelist Sir Walter Scott, who wrote, "What a tangled web we weave, when first we practice to deceive."Even seemingly harmless falsehoods can have unforeseen consequences. Philosopher Sissela Bok warns us that they can put us on a slippery slope. "After the first lies, otherscan come more easily,” she wrote in her book Lying: Moral Choice in Public and PrivateLife. “Psychological barriers wear down; the ability to make more distinctions can coarsen; the liar's perception of his chances of being caught may warp."Take the pumpkin pie lies. In the first place, it wasn't just that he wanted his mother-in-law to feel good. Whether he realized it or not, he really wanted her to thinkhighly of him. And after the initial deceit he needed to tell more lies to cover up the firstone.Who believes it anymore when they're told that the person they want to reach by phone is "in a meeting"? By itself, that kind of lie is of no great consequence. Still, the endless proliferation of these little prevarications does matter.Once they've become common enough, even the small untruths that are not meant tohurt encourage a certain cynicism and loss of trust. "When (trust) is damaged,”warns Bok, “the community as a whole suffers; and when it is destroyed, societies falter and collapse."Are all white lies to be avoided at all costs? Not necessarily. The most understandableand forgivable lies are an exchange of what ethicists refer to as the principle of trust forthe principle of caring, "like telling children about the tooth fairy, or deceiving someoneto set them up for a surprise party," Josephson says. "Still, we must ask ourselves if weare willing to give our friends and associates the authority to lie to us whenever they thinkit is for our own good."Josephson suggests a simple test. If someone you lie to finds out the truth, will he thankyou for caring? Or will he feel his long-term trust in you has been under-mined?And if you're not sure, Mark Twain has given us a good rule of thumb. "When in doubt, tell the truth. It will confound your enemies and astound your friends."谎言的真相兰迪·菲茨杰拉德1. 在夏洛特斯维尔的弗吉尼亚大学里，心理学教授贝拉·德保罗组织了77名学生和70名市民志愿参加一个特别的项目。

基础英语3第三册unit 5

2.1listening to the tape then imitating the new concept English
One Man in a Boat
2.2Listen to the tape and read the words & expressions.
the reading of the words and expressions:
As coins have two sides, white lies have their inherent drawbacks and prevent people to take more effective measure. Because white lies veil some information and the relevant can not get the true understanding of the situation, they can not take the correct measure to tackle with it. The aim of some white lies is to prevent sadness ,but when the truth emerges, aggravatesadness came, just opposite to the original aim of white lies. Some peoplesay that the white lie is a guilty that it interferes with the freedom of relevant people. All, in any circumstance, have their right to get known with the fact rather than the modified information, in spite that the aim is to benefit them. In addition, some people tell white lies in the purpose of seeking their own interests rather than the relevant people, although they acclaim so.

unit5therealtruthaboutlies课文翻译综合教程三

Unit 5The Real Truth about LiesRandy FitzgeraldAt the University of Virginia in Charlottesville, psychology professor Bella DePaulo got 77 students and 70 townspeople to volunteer for an unusual project. All kept diaries for a week, recording the numbers and details of the lies they told.One student and six Charlottesville residents professed to have told no falsehoods. The other 140 participants told 1,535.The lies were most often not what most of us would call earth-shattering. Someone would pretend to be more positive or supportive of a spouse or friend than he or she really was, or feign agreement with a relative's opinion. According to DePaulo, women in their interactions with other women lied mostly to spare the other's feelings. Men lied to other men generally for self-promoting reasons.Most strikingly, these tellers-of-a-thousand-lies reported that their deceptions caused them "little preoccupation or regret". Might that, too, be a lie? Perhaps. But there is evidence that this attitude toward casual use of prevarication is common.For example, 20,000 middle- and high-schoolers were surveyed by the Josephson Institute of Ethics--a nonprofit organization in Marina del Rey, California, devoted to character education. Ninety-two percent of the teenagers admitted having lied to their parents in the previous year, and 73 percent characterized themselves as "serial liars", meaning they told lies weekly. Despite these admissions, 91 percent of all respondents said they were "satisfied with my own ethics and character".Think how often we hear the expressions "I'll call you" or "The check is in the mail”or "I'm sorry, but he stepped out". And then there are professions-- lawyers, pundits, PR consultants--whose members seem to specialize in shaping or spinning the truth to suit clients' needs.Little white lies have become ubiquitous, and the reasons we give each other for telling fibs are familiar. Consider, for example, a Southern California corporate executive whom I'll call Tom. He goes with his wife and son to his mother-in-law's home for Thanksgiving dinner every year. Tom dislikes her “special”pumpkin pie intensely. Invariably he tells her how wonderful it is, to avoid hurting her feelings."What's wrong with that?" Tom asked Michael Josephson, president of the Josephson Institute. It's a question we might all ask.Josephson replied by asking Tom to consider the lie from his mother-in-law's pointof view. Suppose that one day Tom's child blurts out the truth, and she discovers the deceit. Will she tell her son-in-law, "Thank you for caring so much?" Or is she more likely to feel hurt and say, "How could you have misled me all these years? And what else have you lied to me about?"And what might Tom's mother-in-law now suspect about her own daughter? And will Tom's boy lie to his parents and yet be satisfied with his own character?How often do we compliment people on how well they look, or express our appreciation for gifts, when we don't really mean it? Surely, these "nice" lies are harmless and well intended, a necessary social lubricant. But, like Tom, we should remember the words of English novelist Sir Walter Scott, who wrote, "What a tangled web we weave, when first we practice to deceive."Even seemingly harmless falsehoods can have unforeseen consequences. Philosopher Sissela Bok warns us that they can put us on a slippery slope. "After the first lies, others can come more easily,” she wrote in her book Lying: Moral Choice in Public and Private Life. “Psychological barriers wear down; the ability to make more distinctions can coarsen; the liar's perception of his chances of being caught may warp."Take the pumpkin pie lies. In the first place, it wasn't just that he wanted his mother-in-law to feel good. Whether he realized it or not, he really wanted her to think highly of him. And after the initial deceit he needed to tell more lies to cover up the first one.Who believes it anymore when they're told that the person they want to reach by phone is "in a meeting"? By itself, that kind of lie is of no great consequence. Still, the endless proliferation of these little prevarications does matter.Once they've become common enough, even the small untruths that are not meant to hurt encourage a certain cynicism and loss of trust. "When (trust) is damaged,” warns Bok, “the community as a whole suffers; and when it is destroyed, societies falter and collapse."Are all white lies to be avoided at all costs? Not necessarily. The most understandable and forgivable lies are an exchange of what ethicists refer to as the principle of trust for the principle of caring, "like telling children about the tooth fairy, or deceiving someone to set them up for a surprise party," Josephson says. "Still, we must ask ourselves if we are willing to give our friends and associates the authority to lie to us whenever they think it is for our own good."Josephson suggests a simple test. If someone you lie to finds out the truth, will he thank you for caring? Or will he feel his long-term trust in you has been under-mined?And if you're not sure, Mark Twain has given us a good rule of thumb. "When in doubt, tell the truth. It will confound your enemies and astound your friends."谎言的真相兰迪·菲茨杰拉德1. 在夏洛特斯维尔的弗吉尼亚大学里，心理学教授贝拉·德保罗组织了77名学生和70名市民志愿参加一个特别的项目。

Unit5TheRealTruthAboutLies课文翻译综合教程三

Unit5TheRea1.Truthabout1.iesRandyFitzgera1.dAttheUniversityofVirginiainChar1.ottes∖∙i1.1.e.PSyCho1.OgyprofessorBe1.1.aDePau1. ogot77studentsand70townspeop1.etovo1.unteerforanunusua1.projectΛ11keptdiariesforaweek,r ecordingthenumbersanddetai1.softhe1.iestheyto1.d.OnestudentandsixChar1.ottesx r i1.1.eresidentsprofessedtohaveto1.dnofa1.sehoods.Theothe r140participantsto1.d1,535,The1.iesweremostoftennotwhatmostofuswou1.dca1.1.earth-shattering.Someonewou1.dpretendtobemorepositiveorSUPPOrtiveofaSPOUSeorfriendthanheo rsherea1.1.ywas.orfeignagreement½ithare1.ative,sopinion c.AccordingtoDePau1.o.womeninthei rinteractionswithotherwomen1.iedmost1.ytosparetheother,sfee1.ings.Men1.iedtoothermengene ra1.1.yforse1.f-promotingreasons.Moststriking1.y,thesete1.1.ers-of-a-thousand-1.iesreportedthattheirdeceptionscausedthem,'1.itt1.epreoccupationorregret”.Mightthat,too,bea1 .ie?eofprevaricationiscommon- Eorexamp1.e,20,OOOmidd1.e-andhigh-schoo1.ersweresurveyedbytheJosephsonInstituteofEthics-anonprofitorganizationinMarinade1.Rey,Ca1.ifornia,devotedtocharactereducation.Ninety-twoPercCntoftheteenagersadmittedhaving1.iedtotheirparentsinthePreViOUSyear,and73percent characterizedthemse1.vesas"seria1.1.iars"»meaningtheyto1.d1.iesweek1.y.Despitetheseadmiss ions.91percentofa1.1.respondentssaidtheywere"satisfiedwithInyownethicsandcharacter".Thinkhowoftenweheartheexpressions*,Γ1.1.ca1.1.you"or,wΓhecheckisinthemai1."or"Γms orry,buthesteppedout*.Andthenthereaι,eprofessions-1.a½yers,pundits∙PRc onsu1.tants——whosemembersseemtospecia1.izeinshapingorspinningthetnιthtosuitc1.ients*needs.1.itt1.ewhite1.ieshavebecomeubiquitous,andthereasonswegiveeachotherfbrte1.1.ingfibsar efami1.iar.Consider,forexamp1.e,aSouthernCa1.iforniacorporateexecutivewhomΓ1Ica1.1.Toni .Hcgoeswithhiswifeandsontohismother-in-1.aw'shomeforThanksgixingdinnereveryyear,Tomdis1.ikesher"specia1."pumpkinpieintense1.y. Invariab1.yhete1.1.sherhowwonderfu1.itis.toavoidhurtingherfee1.ings."What'sSTOngWiththat?"TOmaskedMichae1.Josephson-presidentoftheJosephsonInstitute,Itsaquestionwemighta1.1.ask。