湖南省衡阳市2020高考英语阅读理解好信息匹配暑假自练(7)

湖南省衡阳市2020高考英语阅读理解好信息匹配暑假自练（7）【2020四川省资阳市第一次诊断性考试】阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文并回答问题，然后将答案写到答题卡相应的位置上（请注意词数要求）。

Brazil has become one of the developing world’s great successes at reducing population growth —but more by accident than design. While countries such as India have made joint efforts to reduce birth rates, Brazil has had better result without really trying, says George Martine at Harvard.Brazil’s population growth rate has dropped from 2.99% a year between 1951 and 1960 to 1.93% a year between 1981 and 1990, and Brazilian women now have only 2.7 children on average. Martine says this figure may have fallen still further since 1990, an achievement that makes it the envy of many other Third World countries.Martine puts it down to among other things, soap operas and installment (分期付款) plans introduced in the 1970s. Both played an important, although indirect, role in lowering the birth rate. Brazil is one of the world’s biggest producers of soap operas. Globo, Brazil’s most popular television network, shows three hours of soaps six nights a week, while three others show at least one hour a night. Most soaps are based on wealthy characters living the high life in big cities.“Although they have never really tried to work in a message towards the problems of reproduction (生育), they describe middle and upper class values: not many children, different attitudes towards sex, women working,” says Martine. “They sent this image to all parts of Brazil and made people conscious of other patterns of behavior and other values, which were put intoa very attractive package.”Meanwhile, the installment plans tried to encourage the poor to become consumers (消费者). “This led to an enormous change in consumption patterns and consumption was incompatible (不相容的) with unlimited reproduction,” says Martine.56. What is the passage mainly about? (within 8 words)__________________________________________________________57. What’s Brazil’s population growth rate between 1981 and 1990? (within 4 words)__________________________________________________________58. What are the two main factors in helping Brazil lower its birthrate? (within 6 words)__________________________________________________________59. How long does the most popular television network in Brazil show soap operas every week? (within 2 words)__________________________________________________________60. What changes have soap operas brought to Brazilians? (within 8 words)__________________________________________________________【参考答案】56. Brazil has successfully reduced its population growth.57. 1.93% a year.58. Soap operas and installment plans.59. 18 hours.60. They have changed people’s values and behaviors. / They have gradually changed people’s way of life.二、评分意见1. 意思相符，语法、结构正确，拼写无误，得2分。

2. 每题按5个档次给分，依次为0分、0.5分、1分、1.5分和2分。

3. 语法与拼写错误，错误1到2个，扣0.5分，3个及3个以上扣1分；相同错误按1个计算。

大小写和标点出错原则上不扣分。

4. 超出字数扣0.5分。

阅读理解。

Many people think that listening is a passive business. It is just the opposite. Listening well is an active exercise of our attention and hard work. It is because they do not realize this, or because they are not willing to do the work, that most people do not listen well.Listening well also requires total concentration upon someone else. An essential part of listening well is the rule known as‘bracketing’. Bracketing includes the temporary giving up or setting aside of your own prejudices and desires, to experience as far as possible someone else's world from the inside, stepping_into_his_or_her_shoes. Moreover, since listening well involves bracketing, it also involves a temporary acceptance of the other person. Sensing this acceptance, the speaker will seem quite willing to open up the inner part of his or her mind to the listener. True communication is under way. The energy required for listening well is so great that it can be accomplished only by the will to extend oneself for mutual growth.Most of the time we lack this energy. Even though we may feel in our business dealings or social relationships that we are listening well, what we are usually doing is listening selectively. Often we have a prepared listin mind and wonder, as we listen, how we can achieve certain desired results to get the conversation over as quickly as possible or redirected in ways more satisfactory to us. Many of us are far more interested in talking than in listening, or we simply refuse to listen to what we don't want to hear.It wasn't until toward the end of my doctor career that I have found the knowledge that one is being truly listened to is frequently therapeutic(有疗效的). In about a quarter of the patients I saw, surprising improvement was shown during the first few months of the psychotherapy(心理疗法), before any of the roots of problems had been uncovered or explained. There are several reasons for this phenomenon, but chief among them, I believe, was the patient's sense that he or she was being truly listened to, often for the first time in years, and for some, perhaps for the first time ever.66. The phrase “stepping into his or her shoes” in Paragraph 2 probably means ________．A. preparing a topic list firstB. focusing on one's own mindC. directing the talk to the desired resultsD. experiencing the speaker's inside world67．What is mainly discussed in Paragraph 2?A. How to listen well.B. What to listen to.C. Benefits of listening.D. Problems in listening.68．According to the author, in communication people tend to ________．A. listen activelyB. listen purposefullyC. set aside their prejudicesD. open up their inner mind69．According to the author, the patients improved mainly because ________．A. they were taken good care ofB. they knew they were truly listened toC. they had partners to talk toD. they knew the roots of problems70．What type of writing is the article likely to be?A. Science fiction.B. A news report.C. A medical report.D. Popular science.【要点综述】本文主要介绍了倾听的好处，并通过自己作为医生的亲身体验说明倾听对于病人来说是最好的疗法。