被动语态1

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中考英语之被动语态1

第十讲被动语态1一、构成：be+过去分词英语中有两种语态，主动语态：表示主语是谓语动作的执行者被动语态：表示主语是谓语动作的承受者1、被动语态各种时态形式2、情态动词的被动语态一般式：情态动词（can could may ,might,must,should,need等）+be+过去分词完成式：情态动词（can could may ,might,must,should,need等）+have+过去分词3、be going to 等不定式结构的被动形式Be going toOught toBe toBe bound toBe sure to +be+ 过去分词Be certain toBe due toBe about toHad to二、被动语态使用要点1、不及物动词不能用于被动语态Appear, rise , die ,happen , occur , lie , depart ,belong to ,breakout ,take place 等都属此类动词2、表示状态的动词不能用于被动语态英语中有些动词（短语动词）不是表示动作，而是表示某种状态或情况，有“拥有、容纳、适合、缺少、明白等意，这类动词不能用于被动语态，常见的有：lack ，fit，mean,hold,have,3、某些动词的进行时也可表示被动意义常见的这类词有：bake,owe,brew,cook,print,bind,do等。

例如：The meat is cooking .4、不及物动词构成的短语动词能否用于被动语态1）及物动词构成的短语动词总是及物性的，故可以用于被动语态注意：不可省掉或漏掉介词或副词。

如：ask for2）不及物动词构成的及物性短语动词则可以用于被动语态3）Rain 等不及物动词，有时也转用作及物动词。

5、主动形式表示被动意义的词1）某些感官动词和系动词加形容词可以表示被动意义。

如：look ，smell，taste。

五种常用时态的被动语态

五种常用时态的被动语态：1)一般现在时的被动语态：am／is／are + doneThe house is cleaned by my mother every morning．我妈妈每天早上都打扫房子。

2)一般过去时的被动语态：was／were + doneI was beaten by someone last night．我昨晚被人打了。

3)一般将来时的被动语态：will be + doneThis boy will be expelled from the football team tomorrow．这个男孩明天将被开除出足球队。

4)完成时的被动语态：has／have／had been + doneNew Concept English has been translated into many languages．《新概念英语》已经被翻译成了许多种语言。

5)进行时的被动语态：be being + doneMy bicycle is being repaired by a garage．我的自行车正在一家修理厂里维修。

标题Not for jazz总结for的用法：1)为：I bought a book for you．我为你买了一本书。

2)因为：Something fell in，for I heard a splash．一定有东西掉下去了，因为我听见扑通一声。

4)适合：Not for jazz=It's not suitable to play jazz on the clavichord．古钢琴不适合演奏爵士乐。

Question：What happened to the clavichord?to后面加宾语，表示其身上发生了什么事，即动作的目标、对象。

What happened to you?你怎么了?(在你身上发生了什么事?)(1)否定句与疑问句的被动语态We don’t believe her．我们不信她的话。

被动语态1

A.to sayB.saidC.sayingD.having said12.——______that the sports meet might be put off.——Yes,it all depends on the weather.A.I´ve been toldB.I´ve toldC.I´m toldD.I told13.A library with five thousand books______to the nation as a gift.(NMET)A.is offeredB.has offeredC.are offeredD.have offered14.Betty has never been heard_______ill of others.A.speakB.spokenC.to speakD.was said15.Tom______to have delivered the speech in their theatre room.A.saidB.saysC.is saidD.was said16.——What do you think of the book?——Oh,excellent.It´s worth______a second time.(NMET)A.to readB.to be readC.readingD.being read17.Little Jim should love______to the theatre this evening.(NMET)A.to be takenB.to takeC.being takenD.taking.18.______more attention,the trees could have grown better.(NMET)A.GivenB.to giveC.GivingD.Having given19.——where______the book?I can’t see it anywhere.——I______it right here but now it’s gone.A.did you put;have putB.have you put;putC.had you put;was puttingD.were you putting;have put20.He would not fail so long as he______hard the next term.A.studiedB.would studyC.had studiedD.studies21.How long______the English party______?A.has;been lastedB.did;lastC.was;lastedD.will;be lasted22.What______you______this time next Friday?A.will;doB.have;been doingC.are;doingD.will;be doing23.Hardly______the bell______when the teacher came in.A.did;ringB.would;ringC.has;rungD.had;rung24.It______and the streets were still wet.A.had been rainingB.rainedC.had been rainedD.would rain25.The book____on the ground for ten minutes but no noe has picked it up.A.is lyingB.has lainyD.has been lying26.We______there when it______to rain.A.were getting;would beginB.were about to get;beganC.had got;had begunD.would get;began27.The teacher said we______ten lessons by the end of this term.A.should have studiedB.were going to studyC.have studiedD.should study28.——she told me she had met you in London last year.——______you______her since?A.Had;metB.Did;seeC.Would;meetD.Have;seen29.——When______again?——When he______,I’ll let you know.A.will he come;will comeB.will he come;comeC.he comes;comesD.will he come;comes30.Tom______for more than a week.A.has leftB.had gone awayC.went awayD.has been away31.——What happened to her teeth?——She______the apple more than she could chew.A.has bittenB.bitC.had been bittingD.bites32.Shakespeare was said______37famous plays in his lifetime.A.finishing writingB.to finish writingC.having writtenD.to have written33.——You’ve agreed to go.So why aren’t you getting ready?——But I______that you______me to start at once.A.don’t realize;wantB.don’t realize;wantC.haven’t realized;wantD.didn’t realize;wanted34.——I missed the lecture last night.——Oh,what a pity!I wish______.A.you heared itB.you had heard itC.you never heard itD.you hadn’t heard it35.I’ll return the book to the library as soon as I______it.A.finishedB.am going to finishC.will finishD.have finished36.——Your phone number again?I______quite catch it.——It’s9586442.(NMET)A.didn’tB.couldn’tC.don’tD.can’t37.——I’m sorry to keep you waiting.——Oh,not at all.I______here only a few minutes.A.have beenB.had beenC.wasD.will be38.When I was at college.I______three foreign languages,but I______all except a few words of each.A.spoke;had forgottenB.spoke;have forgottenC.had spoedn;had forgottenD.had spoken;have forgotten39.The new secretary is supposed to report to the manager as soon as she______.A.will arriveB.arrivesC.is going to arriveD.is arriving (NMET)40.——Who is Jerry Cooper?——______?I saw you shaking hands with him at the meeting.(NMET)A.Don’t you meet him yetB.Hadn’t you met him yetC.Didn’t you meet him yetD.Haven’t you met him yet41.——We could have walked to the station.It was so near.——Yes,a taxi______at all necessary.(NMET)A.wasn’tB.hadn’t beenC.wouldn’t beD.won’t be42.We haven’t heard from Jane for a long time.What do you suppose______to her?(NEMT)A.was happeningB.to happenC.has haqqendD.having happened43.On Saturday afternoon,Mrs Green went to the market,______some bananas and visited her cousin.(NMET)A.bought B.buying C.to buy D.buy44.As she______the newspaper,Granny______asleep.(NMET)A.read;was fallingB.was reading;fellC.was reading;was fallingD.read;fell45.I______the bad cold for a week,still I can’t get rid of it.A.caughtB.have caughtC.haveD.have had46.I______the time______so quickly.A.didn’t realize;had passedB.don’t realize;passedC.haven’t realized;passedD.hadn’t realized;had passed47.——My watch______twelve o’clock.It’s so late.——Let’s hurry up.A.is saidB.saysC.is toldD.tells48.Helen______her key in the office so she had to wait her husband_____home.(NMET)A.has left;comesB.left;had comeC.had left;cameD.had left;would come49.The pen I______I______is on my desk,right under my nose.(NMET)A.think;lostB.thought;had lostC.think;had lostD.thought;have lost50.——Jane has just arrived.——I didn’t know she______.A.is comingB.was comingC.had been comingD.willcome答案1－5C A D D C6－10B B C A D11－15B A A C C16－20C A A B A21－25B D D A D26－30B A D D D31－35B D D B D36－40A A B B D41－45A C A B D46－50A B C B B。

被动语态讲解（1）主动句变为被动句所遵循的4个步骤：

被动语态讲解（1）主动句变为被动句所遵循的4个步骤：初中被动语态语法讲解主动句变为被动句所遵循的4个步骤：1、把原主动句中的宾语变为被动句的主语2、把动词变为被动形式即be +过去分词，并注意其人称和数随主语的变化，而动词的时态则保持不变。

3、原主动句的主语如需要则放在by后面以它的宾格形式出现（注代词的宾格），如不需要则可省略。

4、其它的成分（定语、状语）不变。

(一) 语态分类英语动词有两种语态.，主动语态和被动语态。

主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。

如：They will build a new bridge over the river. (主动)A new bridge will be built over the river. (被动)汉语中常用“被”、“给”、“由”、“受”等词用来表示被动，而英语用：助动词be + 及物动词的过去分词构成。

(二) 被动语态的时态、人称和数的变化主要体现在be的变化上，其形式与系动词be的变化形式完全一样。

一般现在时：am / is / are + done一般过去时：was / were + done一般将来时：shall / will + be done一般过去将来时：should / would + be done现在进行时：am / is / are + being + done过去进行时：was / were + being + done现在完成时：have / has + been + done过去完成时：had + been + done将来完成时：shall / will + have been + done过去将来完成时：should / would + have been + done［注］被动语态没有将来进行时和过去将来进行时。

(三)常见的八种时态中的被动语态1. 一般现在时：(1)People grow rice in the south of the country.Rice is grown in the south of the country.(2)The school doesn't allow us to enter the chemistry lab without a teacher. We are not allowed to enter the chemistry lab without a teacher.2. 一般过去时：(1)They agreed on the building of a new car factory last month.The building of a new car factory was agreed on last month.(2)The students didn't forget his lessons easily.His lessons were not easily forgotten3. 一般将来时：(1)They will send cars abroad by sea.Cars will be sent abroad by sea.(2)They will give plenty of jobs to school-leavers.Plenty of jobs will be given to school-leavers.4. 过去将来时：(1)The manager said they would complete the project by the end of the year. The manager said the project would be completed by the end of the year. (2) The workers told me they would mend the car as soon as possible.The workers told me that the car would be mended as soon as possible.5. 现在进行时：(1)The radio is broadcasting English lessons.English lessons are being broadcasted on the radio.(2) We are painting the rooms.The rooms are being painted.6. 过去进行时：(1)The workers were mending the road.The road was being mended.(2)This time last year we were planting trees here.Trees were being planted here this time last year.7. 现在完成时：(1)Someone has told me the sports meeting might be put off.I have been told the sports meeting might be put off.(2)He has brought his book here.His book has been brought here.8. 过去完成时：(1)When I got to the theatre, I found they had already sold out the tickets.When I got to the theatre, I found the tickets had already been sold out.(2) The whole country was very sad at the news of his death; People had considered him to be a great leader.He had been considered to be a great leader(四）含有情态动词的被动语态：含有情态动词的被动语态是由“情态动词+ be+ 及物动词的过去分词”构成。

被动句的几种形式

被动句的几种形式被动语态：一、简单式（使用助动词be）1、普通式：主语 + be + 动词 (past participle)比如：The door was closed. 门被关上了。

2、完成式：主语 + have/has + been + 动词 (past participle)比如：This work has been done. 这项工作已经完成了。

二、情态动词形式主语 + should/must/could/may + be + 动词(past participle)比如：He should be sent an invitation. 他应该收到邀请。

三、使役动词形式1、使役动词 get：主语 + be + got + to + 动词原形比如：The members were got to do more exercise. 成员们被叫去做更多的运动。

2、使役动词 have: 主语 + be + had + to + 动词原形比如：The students have been had to prepare for this test. 学生们被要求为这次测验做准备。

四、其他形式1、祈使句被动语态： let + be + 动词(past participle)比如：Let it be remembered. 让它被记住吧。

2、there+ be 结构：there + be + 主语 + 动词(past participle)比如：There was an earthquake yesterday. 昨天发生了一次地震。

3、it 作形式主语+be+done: it + be + done + that + 句子比如：It is said that the environment is being seriously polluted. 据说环境受到严重污染。

随着社会的发展，被动语态功能的使用越来越普遍，它不仅可以强调动作本身，也可以强调说话者关注的对象。

被动语态1

现在完成时：have/has been+done
在网球比赛中，他从来没有被打败过。 He has never been beaten at tennis.
这本书无人问津。 This book has never been read by anybody.
过去完成时：had been+done
那年之前，这所房子已经被人买下来了。
We have cleaned the room. The room has been cleaned by us. They have washed the coat. The coat has been washed by them. She has finished the job. The job has been finished by her.
一般过去时：was/were+done
昨天我被邀请去参加舞会了。 I was invited to the party yesterday. 玻璃是被风刮破的。 The glass was broken by the wind. 这个飞机模型是爱丽丝做的。 The model plane was made by Alice. 这些书被放在了箱子里。 The books were put into the box.
tell/ told/ told sell/ sold/ sold win/ won/ won

build/ built/ built
spend/ spent/ spent sit/ sat/ sat

get/ got/ got bring/ brought/ brought buy/ bought/ bought

被动语态1

被动语态一般现在时 am / is / are + P.P.（1）Do they speak French ? Is French spoken by them?（2）They don’t use the room . The room isn’t used by them .一般过去时was / were + p.p.（1）The hunter killed a tiger . A tiger was killed by the hunter .（2）He wrote many stories last year . Many stories was written by him last year .现在进行时am / is / are +being +p.p.（1）These workers are building a new bridge . A new bridge is being built by these workers .（2）He is mending his car . His car is being mended by him .过去进行时was / were + being + p.p.（1）He was selling books . Books were being built by him .（2）They were discussing the plan at that time .The plan was being discussed by them at that time .现在完成时have / has + been + p. p.（1）She has learned many English words . Many English words have been learned by her .（2）He has finished the work . The work has been finished by him .过去完成时had + been + p.p.（1）They has solved the problem .（2）We had told him the news by then .The problem had been solved by them .The news had been told to him by us .一般将来时 shall / will be + p. p（1）I shall make a plan . A plan will be made by me .（2）They are going to fix the radio in an hour . The radio is going to be fixed by them in an hour .过去将来时would be + p.p. was/ were going to be + p.p.（1）He told me they would paint the room .（2）They were going to put on a play the next week .He told me the room would be painted by them .A play was going to be put by them the next week .情态动词can / may / must / should+ be + p.p.（1）We should hand in our homework .（2）You must answer the question in English .Our homework should be handed in by us .The question must be answered in English by you .。

被动语态(1)

7. Did you plant many trees at this time last year? Were ______ _______ _______ many trees planted _______
at this time last time?
8.Must we finish our work today?
13.You must take this medicine three times a day. must be This medicine _______ _______ taken ________ three times a day.
14.The students in this school study German. is studied German _______ ________ by the students in this school. 15.Do they often talk about this question?
被动语态使用方法：
当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者，或者没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时，或者只需强调动作的承受者时，要用被动语态。
肯定句，否定句及疑问句如下。
Cars are made in Changchun. Cars are not made in Changchun. ---Are cars made in Changchun? (---Yes, they are./No,they aren’t.) Where are cars made?
The windows were broken by him.
一般现在时： am / is / are done 一般过去时： was / were done 现在进行时： am / is / are being done 过去进行时： was / were being done 现在完成时： have / has been done 过去完成时： had been done 一般将来时： shall / will be done ; be going to be done 当句中含有情态动词时，句子结构为 can / must / have to…be done

被动语态（讲解）

被动语态1：英语中语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。

语态的作⽤：语态是动词的⼀种形式，⽤来说明主语和谓语之间的关系。

语态的选⽤：如果主语是动作的执⾏者，谓语⽤主动语态。

例如：We clean the room every day.如果主语是动作的承受者，或者说是动作的对象，谓语则是要⽤被动语态。

例如：The room is cleaned every day.2:被动语态的各种形式1) am/is/are +doneeg：I'm asked to take care of myself.eg：Football is played all over the world.2）has /have been doneeg：This book has been translated into many foreign languages.eg：The prices of many goods have been cut again .3）am/is /are being doneeg：A road is being built around the mountain.eg：Many new houses are being built in this city.4） was/were doneeg1：This house was built in 1958.eg2：His leg was broken in an accident.5） had been doneeg1：A new school had been set up by the end of last year.eg2：When the anthem had been played the conference began.6) was/were being doneeg1： meeting was being held when I was there.eg2：We were being trained this time last year.7) shall/will be doneeg1：More factories will be built in our city.eg2：He will be taken to hospital tomorrow.8) shall/will have been doneeg1：The project will have been completed before July.eg2：Your clothes shall have been made for you soon.9) should/would be doneeg1：He told me that his new cloths would be made by his mother.10) should/would have been doneeg1：He told me that his new clothes would have been made very soon.3:主动形式表⽰被动意义1）及物动词的不及物⽤法：主语通常是物，且有着某种内在的特点。

七种被动语态形式

七种被动语态形式1) 一般现在时的被动语态 (am/is/are+ 过去分词)如: The work is done during two days.2) 一般过去时的被动语态 (was/were+ 过去分词)如: He was sent to the hospital immediately after the accident.3) 一般将来时的被动语态 (will/shall + be + 过去分词或 + be going to + be + 过去分词)如: The work will be finished soon.4) 现在进行时的被动语态 (is/am/are + being+ 过去分词)如: The bridge is now being constructed.5) 现在完成时的被动语态 (have/has +been + 过去分词)如: The radio has been repaired when we phoned the shop.6) 带情态动词的被动语态 (情态动词 + be + 过去分词)如: This can be done in a few minutes.7) 动词不定式的被动式 (to be + 过去分词)如: It is an honor for me to be asked to speak here.现在完成时的被动语态其构成是: have/has been + done现在完成时的被动语态表示动作发生在过去, 到现在已经完成或对现在仍有影响,。

如：1. The dirty clothes have been washed.脏衣服都已经洗了。

2. The plan has been studied by the experts for three times.这项计划已经由专家研究过三次了。

现在完成时:表示从过去持续到现在，还可能继续持续下去的动作，往往和表示一段时间的状语（for+一段时间， since…, ）等连用，或用于how long 句型中1. 主语是行为动作的承受者。

被动语态1

5.含有情态动词的被动语态：情态动词 + be + PP
情态动词的被动语态：
8. You must throw the broken pottery away at once.
must/have to/can等 + be + 过去分词
The broken pottery must be thrown away (by you) at once.
[3]. More man-made satellites ____ in the future. A. will send up B. will be sent up C. are sent up
3.一般将来时的被动语态： will + be + PP be going to + be + PP
• People grow rice in the south of the country. • Rice is grown in the south of the country. • The school doesn't allow us to enter the chemistry lab without a teacher. • We are not allowed to enter the chemistry lab without a teacher.
■
■
He is regarded as a brilliant. 一般现在时： am / is / are done 他被认为很有才气。 This book was written in done 一般过去时： was / were 1969. 这本书是1969年写成的。 being done 现在进行时： am is / are The broken bike /is being repaired now.

被动语态1

2.含有双宾语的动词在变为被动语态时:
①有些接双宾语的动词,(buy, give, leave, lend, offer, pay, show, teach, tell, award奖赏,…)在变被动语态时，既可把间接宾语(指人的)变为被动语态的主语,而把直接宾语(指物的)保留下来(称为保留宾语), 也可把直接宾语(指物的)变为被动语态的主语,且注意要在间接宾语(指人的)前加介词to 或for .(到底用to还是for,与所搭配的动词有关)。
英语动词有两种语态：主动语态被动语态
主动语态：表示主语是动作的执行者。
We speak English.
被动语态：表示主语是动作的承受者。
English is spoken by us.
被动语态的结构：be + 及物动词的过去分词
They cleaned the classroom yesterday. The classroom was cleaned by them yesterday. 昨天教室被他们打扫了。
Jim gave her some money. 他给她一些钱。 She was given some money. by Jim. Some money was given to her. by Jim.
1. He bought her a watch. A watch was bought for her (by him). She was bought a watch (by him).
含有情态动词的被动语态：
情态动词 + be + 动词过去分词
6. We are cleaning the classroom. The classroom is being cleaned by us.

现在完成时被动语态(1)

B．have been shown
C．were shown
D．will be shown
解析：考查时态及语态。由时间状语till now “直到现在”可知用现在完成时，又因film与show之间是被动关系，故用现在完成时的被动语态。
答案： B
4．Every possible means________to save the
答案： has been translated
Ⅱ.单项填空
1．—Is the meeting held in Room 302 or 303?
—It should be 302.But I hear that it________till
tomorrow.
A．was put off
B．will put off
点津：这类动词的否定式可表示动作的持续过程，具有持续性，因而可与since或for构成的时间状语连用。
(2010·福建卷)Every year a flood of farmers
arrive in Shenzhen for the moneymaking jobs
they________before leaving their hometowns.
A．had changed
B．will change
C．was changed
D．has been changed
解析：考查动词时态、语态。句意为：尽管我们不知道讨论的内容，但我们能感觉到讨论的话题变了。根据题意，句子应用被动结构，排除A项和B项，又根据时态一致，排除C项。
答案： D
Ⅰ.用所给词的适当形式填空
7．Since the cause of this disease________ ________ ________(discover)，now we need to develop the

【英语】英语被动语态用法详解(1)

【英语】英语被动语态用法详解(1)一、单项选择被动语态1． in a red dress, she was easy to in the big crowd at the airport.A．Being dressed; pick out B．Dressed; pick outC．Dressed; be picked out D．Having dressed; pick out【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查过去分词和动词短语。

句意：因为她穿着红色的裙子，所以在机场的人群中很容易被认出来。

be dressed in穿着……，作状语表状态，故用dressed。

sb be easy to do sth主动形式表达被动意思，所以用pick out。

故B选项正确。

【点睛】主动形式表被动意义的不定式1.主语＋be +adj. +to do。

能用于此句型的形容词有: difficult, easy, comfortable, fit, hard, pleasant, tiresome(使人疲劳的), interesting, nice, heavy, dangerous, light, important, etc.注意：当上述形容词在句中作宾语补足语，后接不定式时，不定式也用主动形式表达被动含义。

2.主语+be +adj. + enough +to do。

3.主语+be +too +adj. +to do。

4.不定式短语作后置定语时，如果主语是不定式动词短语的逻辑主语。

则采用不定式的主动形式表被动概念。

I have a meeting to attend today.5.There be 句型中，用来修饰主语的不定式多用主动。

6.在“疑问代词 + 不定式”结构中。

7.let, to blame, to seek等用不定主动形式表示被动含义。

8. with+O.+to do 结构中，不定式作宾补时，常用主动表被动，且表将要发生的动作。

被动语态(1)

• They all cleaned our classroom just now.
Our classroom was cleaned by us just now.
• They used this room for resting.
This room was used for resting by them.
主（动作发出者）谓
宾(动作承受者)
被动语态 English is practised by him every day.
主（动作的承受者）
动作发出者
Show time :
Active voice: Michael invites me to his birthday party.
I am invited to his birthday party by Michael.
3. An exam will be held next week.
_W__i_ll____an exam _b_e____ _h_e_l_d_ next week? Yes, I_t______w_i_ll____. _W__h_e_n__ _w__il_l __ an exam _b_e__ __h_e_ld__?
The windows were clearned by students ... The girl found the pencil box just now.
The pencil box was found by the girl just now.
Obama bought 3 books last week.
The tall building was built by them last year.
• He took good care of his little brother yesterday. His little brother was taken good care of by him yesterday.

被动语态1

*Why is she (he, it) asked …?
*Where are we (you, they)
asked …?
?1 ?
3. 主动语态与被动语态的互变主动语态与被动语态互变的规律见下图：
主动语态：主语 + 谓语 + 宾语
被动语态：主语 + is (am, are) + 过去分词 + by + 宾语
[答案是：D。]
2. I’m hungry. I need ________. A. eating something else B. something else to eat C. eat anything else D. anything else to ea
[答案是：B。]
3. --I don’t like the movie. How about you?
普通表达一般用all over，其它几种表示法有：
around, throughout, all round, across, all through
等。如：
* all over the world
around the world
throughout the world across the world
You are asked to finish your homework by Mr Wu.
* Mr Wang is wanted on the telephone. * This hat isn’t made of cotton.
三、练习 I. 单项填空 1. --How many books are there on the shelf? --________. A. No B. No one C. Nothing D. None