高中英语必修8Module 6 The Tang PoemsThe Analysis of the

高中英语必修8Module 6 The Tang PoemsThe Analysis of the
Difficult Sentences
Section 2 The Analysis of the Difficult Sentences
Trade with foreign countries created a tolerant and cosmopolitan culture. 与外国人之间的贸易促
成了宽容和包罗万象的文化。

cosmopolitan
该词用作形容词时意为：containing or having experience of people and things from many different parts of the world:例如：
a cosmopolitan crowd at a meeting of United Stated Nations representatives联合国代表大会上一群来自世界各国的代表
New York is a highly cosmopolitan city.纽约是个高度世界性的国家。

该词用做名词时，意思是“见闻广博、游历四方的人。

”
Lisa is a real cosmopolitan(= she has experience of many different parts of the world).
再如：The global capitalist class is a cosmopolitan corporation and WTO is nothing but their open meeting to figure ways to maintain high profits and minimize (将...减到最少) the mutually destructive (破坏的) side of capitalist competition.
2. Soon Japan and Korea were organized on the Tang model, while Chinese influence extended throughout Southeast Asia. 不久，日本和朝鲜参照了唐朝的统治形式，唐朝的影响传遍了东南亚。

介词短语on the model of；on the…model意思是“参照……的模式。

动词短语的意思是“模仿，以……为范本。

”
Some groups want to set up an Islamic state on the Iranian model.
building a new system of democracy on the American model
按照美国模式建立一个新的民主制度
The railway system was modeled on the successful plan used in other countries.
这铁路系统是参照其他国家的成功计划建立起来的。

A globally driven self-organized critical model of earthquakes with conservative dynamics has been studied with open but moving boundary condition.
He made a working model of a steam engine out of old bits of metal.
3. But during his lifetime he never became famous; in fact, he thought of himself as a failure. 但在有生之年他一直没有成名；事实上，他认为自己是一个失败者。

动词短语think of …as…意思是：“认为，认为……是……”。

例如：你本不应该把自己看成重要人物。

You shouldn’t have thought of yourself as a VIP.
这个新计划被认为是不切实际的。

The new plan is thought of as not practical.
consider, regard as, treat as
consider和regard as都表示“认为是”，两者常可换用。

前者偏重经过考虑后的看
法，后者则偏重“把...看作”的含义，且必须与介词as连用。

如：
They considered Miss Shen a good English teacher. 他们认为沈小姐是一位优秀的英语教师。

I regard her as my own sister. 我把她看作自己的亲妹妹。

They regarded me as their best friends. 他们把我看作是最好的朋友。

treat as表示“对待，当作”，指在某种认识的基础上对待某人某物，着重点在行动，而不是看法。

treat as 中的as也可用like代替。

如：
Don’t treat me as/like a child. 别待我象孩子似的。

They treated me as/like a member of the family. 他们待我像家里人一样。

consider 后可接从句，也可跟带有名词，形容词，不定式及介词短语的复合结构；regard as后除接名词外，还可接形容词，分词及介词短语等；treat后则只能接名词。

如：
I consider that he is the most suitable man to do this work. 我认为他是担任此项工作最适合的人选。

They considered my opinion valuable. 他们认为我的观点很有价值。

I regard him as stupid. 我认为他很蠢。

She considered herself to be correct. 她认为自己是对的。

We can’t regard the matter as settled. 我们不认为事情已经解决。

He regarded it as of little use. 他觉得这没什么用。

consider大致有两种含义。

含义不同，用法有别。

现归纳如下。

consider作“考虑”解，常用于以下句型：
1.consider+名词/代词/动名词。

You’d better consider my sugge stion. 你最好考虑我的建议。

I’m considering going abroad some day.我一直考虑有一天出国。

2.consider+从句或“疑问词+不定式”。

Have you considered what he suggested?你们考虑他的建议了吗？
We must consider what to do next.我们必须考虑下一步要做什么。

consider作“认为”解时，常用于以下句型：
1.consider sb./sth+.(as)+形容词/名词。

其中，as可以省略。

We consider him honest.我们认为他很诚实。

At first they considered me as a doctor.起初他们认为我是医生。

2.consider+sb./sth.+不定式。

其中，不定式通常是to be(可以省略)或其他动词的完成式。

We consider this matter to be very important.我们认为这件事很重要。

We all consider him to have stolen the bike.我们都认为他偷了自行车。

3.consider+it+形容词/名词+不定式短语。

We consider it hard to study English well.我们认为学好英语很难。

I consider it my duty to help you with your studies.我认为帮助你学习英语是我的职责。

4.consider+宾语从句。

We consider that the music is well worth listening to.我们这首音乐很值得一听。