2019-2020年福州市质检二：福建省福州市2019届高三教学质量检测(二)理综物理试题-附答案精品
福建省福州市2019-2020学年度高三上学期期末质量检测语文试题(word版)
秘密★启用前福建省福州市2019-2020学年度高三第一学期期末质量检测语文试题2020．1★祝考试顺利★注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名和座位号填写在答题卡上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。
回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。
写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
一、现代文阅读（36分）（一）论述类文本阅读（本题共3小题，9分）阅读下面的文字，完成1-3题。
对“美好生活”这一人类共同的追求，不同伦理学流派有不同的表达，尤其体现在古典时代哲学家的研究理论中。
比如，亚里士多德认为幸福是生命的自然目的，也是最高的善；伊壁鸠鲁认为快乐包含身体健康和心灵宁静，审慎的生活才能获得宁静、才能获得最高的善；斯多亚学派认为“按照自然生活”、按照理性生活，才能达到幸福。
其共同特征是认为，幸福是与理性相一致的，理性内在于美好生活的普遍理想。
中国文化同样传递着对安定、幸福生活的恒久守望。
《尚书·洪范》中有“五福”的记载，一曰寿，二曰富，三曰康宁，四曰攸好德，五曰考终命，表达了一种整体性的幸福观。
与上述古希腊哲学家对理性强调、对求真求知的强调不同，中国文化受天人一体的宇宙观、天下一家的世界观、民胞物与的生命现影响，对美好生活的描述更强调求善求美，强调幸福的整体性和完备性。
比如，强调天人一体。
在中国哲学里，天是万物的生命本源，也是道德观念和原则的本原。
对此，儒家道家文献都多有论述，比如《易经》中提出天、地、人三才之道，天之道在于“始万物”，地之道在于“生万物”，人之道的作用在于“成万物”，将人与自然、人与最高道德本体的关系清楚展现出来。
比如，强调德福一致。
以儒家为代表的中华传统文化重视德福一致，认为道德内在于幸福之中，美好生活同时也是道德的生活，因此即便“一箪食，一瓢饮，在陋巷”，圣人也能“不改其乐”。
2019届高三化学教学质量检测考试试题(二)(含解析)
亲爱的同学：这份试卷将再次记录你的自信、沉着、智慧和收获，我们一直投给你信任的目光……2019高三教学质量检测考试（二）理综-化学试题1. 生活离不开化学。
某种金属制成的器皿，放置于空气中，其表面会逐渐变黑，如将表面变黑的上述器皿放入盛有食盐水的铝制容器中浸泡，一段时间后，黑色完全褪去。
下列成语与该金属有关的是A. 衣紫腰银B. 点石成金C. 铜鸵荆棘D. 铁柞成针【答案】A【解析】某种金属制成的器皿，放置于空气中，其表面会逐渐变黑，如将表面变黑的上述器皿放入盛有食盐水的铝制容器中浸泡，一段时间后，黑色完全褪去，该金属是银，表面会逐渐变黑是生成了Ag2S。
银器放在铝制容器中，由于铝的活泼性大于银，故铝为负极，失电子，银为正极，银表面的Ag2S得电子，析出单质银。
A. 衣紫腰银涉及金属银，故A正确；B. 点石成金涉及金属金，故B错误；C. 铜鸵荆棘涉及金属铜，故C错误；D. 铁柞成针涉及金属铁，故D错误；故选A。
2. N A表示阿伏加德罗常数的值。
俗名为“臭碱”的硫化钠广泛应用于冶金染料、皮革、电镀等工业。
硫化钠的一种制备方法是Na2SO4+2C Na2S+2CO2↑。
下列有关说法正确的是A. 1mol/LNa2SO4溶液中含氧原子的数目一定大于4N AB. 1L0.1mol/LNa2S溶液中含阴离子的数目小于0.1N AC. 生成1mol氧化产物时转移电子数为4N AD. 通常状况下11.2LCO2中含质子的数目为11N A【答案】C【解析】A. 未注明溶液的体积，无法判断1mol/LNa2SO4溶液中含氧原子的数目，故A错误；B. 1L0.1mol/LNa2S溶液中含有0.1molNa2S，硫离子水解生成HS-和氢氧根离子，阴离子的数目大于0.1N A，故B错误；C. 根据方程式，氧化产物为二氧化碳，生成1mol氧化产物时转移电子数为4N A，故C正确；D. 通常状况下，气体摩尔体积不是22.4L/mol ，故11.2LCO2的物质的量不是0.5mol，故D错误；故选C。
福建省福州市2019—2020学年度第一学期高三期末质量检测理科数学试卷-含答案
准考证号 姓名 .（在此卷上答题无效）绝密★启用前2019—2020学年度第一学期福州市高三期末质量检测数学（理科）试题（完卷时间120分钟；满分150分）本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分．第Ⅰ卷1至2页，第Ⅱ卷3至4页．满分150分. 注意事项：1. 答题前，考生务必在试题卷、答题卡规定的地方填写自己的准考证号、姓名．考生要认真核对答题卡上粘贴的条形码的“准考证号、姓名”与考生本人准考证号、姓名是否一致．2. 第Ⅰ卷每小题选出答案后，用2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑．如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号．第Ⅱ卷用0.5毫米黑色签字笔在答题卡上书写作答．在试题卷上作答，答案无效． 3. 考试结束，考生必须将试题卷和答题卡一并交回．第Ⅰ卷一、选择题：本大题共12小题，每小题5分，共60分．在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的．1. 设复数()1i 1i 2z ⎛⎫=+- ⎪⎝⎭,则z =A BC ．52D 2. 已知集合{}|02A x x x =≤或≥，{}2|20B x x x =--≤，则A ．AB Ü B ．B A ÜC ．A B =∅D ．A B =R3. 执行如图所示的程序框图，若输入的,a b 分别为4,2,则输出的n =A ．6B ．5C ．4D ．34. 已知向量(2,),(,2)λλ==a b ,则“2λ=”是“//(2)-a a b ”的A ．充分不必要条件B ．充要条件C ．必要不充分条件D ．既不充分又不必要条件5. 若5250125(2)(2)(2)x a a x a x a x =+-+-+⋅⋅⋅+-,则0a =A ．32-B ．2-C ．1D ．326. 若实数,a b 满足201,a b a ＜＜＜＜且()22log ,log ,log ,a a a m b n b p b ===则,,m n p 的大小关系为 A ．m p n ＞＞B ．p n m ＞＞C ．n p m ＞＞D ．p m n ＞＞7. 若2cos21sin2x x =+，则tan x =A ．1-B ．13C ．1-或13D ．1-或13或38. 若,x y 满足约束条件31,933,x y x y --⎧⎨-+⎩≤≤≤≤则z x y =+的最小值为A ．1B ．3-C ．5-D ．6-9. 把函数()sin cos f x x x =+图象上各点的横坐标缩短到原来的12倍（纵坐标不变），再把得到的图象向左平移π8个单位长度，所得图象对应的函数为()g x ，则A ．()2g x x =B ．()32g x x π⎛⎫=+ ⎪8⎝⎭C ．()1521g x x π⎛⎫=+ ⎪6⎝⎭ D ．()1328g x x π⎛⎫=+ ⎪⎝⎭10. 已知四边形ABCD 为正方形，GD ⊥平面ABCD ，四边形DGEA 与四边形DGFC 也都为正方形，连接BE FB EF ,,，点H 为BF 的中点，有下述四个结论： ①DE BF ⊥；②EF 与CH 所成角为60︒；③EC ⊥平面DBF ； ④BF 与平面ACFE 所成角为45︒． 其中所有正确结论的编号是 A ．①② B ．①②③C ．①③④D ．①②③④11. 已知双曲线2222:1x y E a b-=（0,0a b >>）的左、右焦点分别为12,F F ，若E 上点A 满足122AF AF =，且向量12,AF AF 夹角的取值范围为,32π⎡⎤π⎢⎥⎣⎦，则E 的离心率取值范围是A ．B ．⎤⎦C ．[]3,5D ．[]7,912. 已知函数21()2,()f x x ax g x x=+=-，若存在点()()()()1122,,,A x f x B x g x ，使得直线AB 与两曲线()y f x =和()y g x =都相切，当实数a 取最小值时，12x x +=A ．BCD ．绝密★启用前2019—2020学年度第一学期福州市高三期末质量检测数学（理科）试题第Ⅱ卷注意事项：用0.5毫米黑色签字笔在答题卡上书写作答．在试题卷上作答，答案无效．二、填空题：本大题共4小题，每小题5分，共20分．把答案填在题中的横线上．13. 函数,0,()e 1,0,x x x f x x ⎧=⎨-⎩＜≥则()(2)1f f +-= ．14. 设抛物线22y px =上的三个点()12323,,1,,,32A y B y C y ⎛⎫⎛⎫⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭到该抛物线的焦点距离分别为123,,d d d ．若123,,d d d 中的最大值为3，则p 的值为 ． 15. 已知n S 为数列{}n a 前n 项和，若152a =，且()122n n a a +-=，则21S = ． 16. 农历五月初五是端午节，民间有吃粽子的习惯，粽子又称粽籺，俗称“粽子”，古称“角黍”，是端午节大家都会品尝的食品，传说这是为了纪念战国时期楚国大臣、爱国主义诗人屈原.如图，平行四边形形状的纸片是由六个边长为1的正三角形构成的，将它沿虚线折起来，可以得到如图所示粽子形状的六面体，则该六面体的体积为 ；若该六面体内有一球，则该球体积的最大值为 ．三、解答题：本大题共6小题，共70分．解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤．第17～21题为必考题，每个试题考生都必须作答．第22、23题为选考题，考生根据要求作答．（一）必考题：共60分． 17. （本小题满分12分）在ABC △中，1,AC BC == （1）若150A =︒，求cos B ；（2）D 为AB 边上一点，且22BD AD CD ==，求ABC △的面积．18. （本小题满分12分）等差数列{}n a 的公差为2, 248,,a a a 分别等于等比数列{}n b 的第2项，第3项，第4项. （1）求数列{}n a 和{}n b 的通项公式； （2）若数列{}n c 满足12211+=+++n nn b a c a c a c ,求数列{}n c 的前2020项的和．19.（本小题满分12分）如图，在四棱锥P ABCD -中，底面ABCD 为正方形，PA ⊥底面ABCD ，PA AB =，E 为线段PB 的中点，F 为线段BC 上的动点．（1）求证：平面AEF ⊥平面PBC ．（2）试确定点F 的位置，使平面AEF 与平面PCD 所成的锐二面角为30︒．20.（本小题满分12分）已知圆22:43x y O +=，椭圆2222:1x y C a b +=（0a b ＞＞）的短轴长等于圆O倍，C． （1）求C 的方程；（2）若直线l 与C 交于,A B 两点，且与圆O 相切，证明：AOB △为直角三角形． 21.（本小题满分12分）已知函数()2cos 1.f x x ax =+- （1）当12a =时，证明：()0f x …； （2）若()f x 在R 上有且只有一个零点，求a 的取值范围．（二）选考题：共10分．请考生在第22，23两题中任选一题作答．如果多做，则按所做第一个题目计分，作答时请用2B 铅笔在答题卡上将所选题号后的方框涂黑． 22.（本小题满分10分）选修44-：坐标系与参数方程在直角坐标系xOy 中，直线l的参数方程为5,12x y t ⎧=⎪⎪⎨⎪=⎪⎩（t 为参数）．以坐标原点为极点，x 轴的正半轴为极轴建立极坐标系，曲线C 的极坐标方程为2cos ρθ=．（1）求C 的直角坐标方程；（2）设点M的直角坐标为(， l 与曲线C 的交点为,A B ，求11MA MB+的值．23.（本小题满分10分）选修45-：不等式选讲已知函数1()212f x x x =-++的最小值为m ． （1）求m 的值；（2）若,,a b c 为正实数，且a b c m ++=，证明：22213a b c ++≥．2019－2020学年度第一学期福州市高三期末质量检测数学（理科）参考答案及评分细则评分说明：1．本解答给出了一种或几种解法供参考，如果考生的解法与本解答不同，可根据试题的主要考查内容比照评分标准制定相应的评分细则。
2019—2020学年度第一学期福州市高三期末质量检测(附答案)
2019—2020学年度第一学期福州市高三期末质量检测第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What is Mary's attitude toward her own decision?A. Firm.B. Ambiguous.C. Surprised.2. Which train will the woman take?A. The 6:15 one.B. The 6:45 one.C. The 8:15 one.3. What will the boy clean?A. The window.B. The bottle.C. The car.4. Where is the post office?A. Behind the park.B. On the left of the hotel.C. Across from the tourist information center.5. What are the speakers mainly talking about?A. The girl’s classmate.B. Ann’s character.C. Nick’s trousers.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. How does the woman feel at first?A. Fairly relaxed.B. Quite confident.C. A bit worried.7. What will the speakers do tonight?A. Give out invitations.B. Make more food.C. Throw a party.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
(完整)2019年福州市高三下学期第二次市质检理科数学试卷(word版,有答案)
19.（12 分） 最近，中国房地产业协会主办的中国房价行情网 调查的一份数据显示，2018 年 7 月，大部分一线 城市的房租租金同比涨幅都在 10%以上．某部门
研究成果认为，房租支出超过月收入 1 的租户“幸 3
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第 7 题图
数学（理科）试卷第 1 页，共 5 页
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福指数”高．为了了解甲、乙两小区租户的幸福指 数高低，随机抽取甲、乙两小区的租户各 100 户
进行调查．甲小区租户的月收入以0，3 ，3，6 ，6，9 ，9，12 ，12，15（单位：千元）
分组的频率分布直方图如上： 乙小区租户的月收入（单位：千元）的频数分布表如下：
数学（理科）试卷第 3 页，共 5 页
2019 年 福 州 市 普 通 高 中 毕 业 班 质 量 检 测
数学（理科）试卷
（完卷时间：120 分钟；满分 150 分） 第 Ⅰ卷
一、选择题：本大题共 12 小题，每小题 5 分，共 60 分。在每小题给出的四个选项中，只 有一项是符合题目要求的。
1. 1 i 设复数 z 满足 i z 1i ，则 z 的共轭复数为 A. B. 1 i C. 1 i D. 1 i
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福建省福州市2019-2020学年中考第二次质量检测语文试题含解析
福建省福州市2019-2020学年中考第二次质量检测语文试题一、选择题1．下列句子没有语病的一项是（）A．作家杨绛先生的晚年，仍然精力充沛，充满了创作的激情。
B．中国制造要与世界接轨，离不开大师级工匠高超技艺的支撑。
C．能否彻底治理环境污染，留住碧水蓝天，关键在于有关部门严格执法。
D．汉十高铁全线贯通后，武汉至襄阳的运营时间大概差不多要缩短1个小时。
【答案】B【解析】【详解】A.搭配不当，应改为“晚年的杨绛先生”；C.一面与两面搭配不当，在“有关部门”后加“是否”；D. “大概”与“差不多”意义重复。
故选B。
2．下列各句没有语病的一项是( )A．继承中华优秀传统文化，会拓展我们的人生感受和视野。
B．《校车安全管理条例》的实施，可以有效避免校车交通安全事故不再发生。
C．4月8日，文化和旅游部正式挂牌，预示着中国将开启文化和旅游新时代。
诗和远方终于在一起了。
D．通过《黑豹》这部电影，使我从服装、道具、场景、语言、仪式等方面全方位地感受了非洲文化。
【答案】C【解析】【分析】【详解】A．搭配不当，删去“感受和”；B．否定词使用错误，删去“不”；D．缺少主语，删去“通过”或“使”；故选C。
【点睛】辨析或修改病句时，如果句子比较长，就要分析句子的结构，再判断其存在的问题。
常见的病句类型有语序不当、搭配不当、成分残缺或赘余、结构混乱、表意不明、不合逻辑。
如果遇到难以确定的选项，可以按病句类型一一衡量，也可以通过划分句子的结构来发现病因。
二、名句名篇默写3．默写。
⑴城阙辅三秦，_____。
（王勃《送杜少府之任蜀州》）⑵_____，江春入旧年。
（王湾《次北固山下》）⑶红旗半卷临易水，_____。
（李贺《雁门太守行》）【答案】⑴风烟望五津⑵海日生残夜⑶霜重鼓寒声不起【解析】【详解】诗文名句默写试题的题型主要是填写题，复习诗文名句，首先是要记诵清楚背诵的诗文篇段和名句；其次是要正确理解诗文篇段和名句的基本内容；第三是要记清楚诗文名句中的每个字，默写诗文名句不能写错别字。
2019-2020学年福州市第二中学高三英语二模试卷及答案解析
2019-2020学年福州市第二中学高三英语二模试卷及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AAlex Palmer says he'll never forget his 13th birthday, not because of a gift or a party, but fire. “It made me realize how valuable life is,” said Alex, a seventh grader atMonroeDemonstrationSchoolinTulsa,Oklahoma.On April 18, Alex and many other kids from his school were riding home on a school bus when they suddenly saw smoke coming from the bus’ engine. “It was jaw-dropping,” he told reporters.By the time Alex and some other kids made it out the bus’ back door, the bus was already on fire. And some of their schoolmates were still inside. So he and some of the other older kids took action.“One little kid was slowing everyone down with his big backpack, ” eighth grader Destiny Fain said, “so I got it off and threw it to the side and helped to make sure all the little kids weren’t fighting or pushing. ”As that was going on, sixth grader Marketez Doyle-Smith reportedly helped another classmate who had trouble in breathing because of the smoke. “We saw our friend lying on the ground,” he said, “so we took our shirts off and waved them to get him some air to breathe.”Marketez also reportedly stopped a younger kid trying to get back on the bus to search for something he’d left behind. “We're all a family,” he told reporters. “So I went back to help the little kid.”Finally everyone made it off safely, thanks to Alex, Destiny, Marketez and several other kids. By later that day, they were already being called heroes. “I really don’t see it as being a hero,” Alex said, according to The World. “I see it as the right thing to do—helping others before you help yourself.”1. What happened on Alex’ s way home?A. The school bus was on fire suddenly.B. There was a party for Alex’s birthday.C. He received a gift from his classmate.D. Some classmates quarreled with each other.2. By saying "We're all a family.” Marketez probably meantA. We’re brothers in the same family.B. It’s our duty to help each other.C. We’re classmates in the same class.D. The thing left on the bus is mine.3. According to the last paragraph, Alex thought that heA. was not a brave student.B. had the right to do anything.C. had just done what he should do.D. hated to be called a hero by others.BBy mid-century there will likely be 9 billion people on the planet, using ever more resources and leading ever more technologically complex lives. What will our cities be like? How much will artificialintelligence (AI) advance? Will global warming cause disastrous changes, or will we be able to engineer our way out of the climate change issues? Recently, the magazineBig Thinkasked top minds from a variety of fields to weigh in on what the future holds 40 years from now. The result is as follows.It's likely that by 2050 the majority of the people in the world will live in urban areas and will have a much higher average age than people today. Cities theorist Richard thinks urbanization will transform the education system of, making our economy less houses driven and removing the divisions between home and work.And rapidly advancing technology will continue ever more rapidly. Cities of the future won't look like “some sort of science-fiction fantasy”, but it's likely that technological advances and information overlays (VR and AR) will greatly change how we live. Self-driving cars will make the roads safer and provide faster transports. A larger version of driverless cars-driverless trucks — may make long-distance drivers out of date.Some long view predictions are completelydire. Environmentalist Bill says that if we don't make great progress in fighting global warming, it's likely we could see out-of- control rises in sea levels, huge crop shortfalls and wars over limited freshwater resources.In terms of how we will eat, green markets founder and “real food" supporter Nina believes that there will be more small milk processing plants and more regional food operations and we'll be healthier as a result.New York Timeswriter Mark thinks that people will eat fewer processed foods and eat foods grown closer to where they live. And more people will be aware of the ethical responsibility" to grow foods.4. What may happen by 2050 based on the magazineBig Think ?A. Education will be driven by economy.B. The majority of people will be taller.C. AI will cause disastrous changes.D. Most people will live in big cities.5. What do we know about technology in the future according to Paragraph 3?A. It will make people live in science-fiction fantasy.B. It will ensure safer transports due to faster cars.C. It will greatly change the way in which people live.D. It will increase the number of long-distance drivers.6. What does the underlined word "dire" in Paragraph 4 mean?A. Magical.B. Terrible.C. Ridiculous.D. Meaningful.7. What does Nina think of foods in the future?A. People will eat healthier and fresher foods.B. Land-raised farm systems will be improved.C. There will be smaller regional food operations,D. Food supplies will become much more limited.CLike all cultural institutions, galleries and art fairs are adapting to a new reality.Art Basel Hong Kong, Asia's biggest contemporary-art fair, was cancelled because of covid-19, but anyone he who had planned to visit last week could enjoy an experimental alternative：the viewing room. At the click of a keyboard) you could enter an overall view but private visual salon, without having to brave the airless Hong Kong Convention and Exhibition Centre.There, on one webpage, was Jeff Koons riffing(翻唱)on Botticelli's "Primavera" in a tribute to the history of painting at David Zwirner Gallery. Ota Fine Arts offered one collector the chance to acquire an "infinity(无限)room“, one of the most Instagrammed artworks of recent years- the creation of the fantasies,nonagenarian (九十多岁) Japanese artist, Yayoi Kusama. White Cube presented a large collection of international works by Andreas Gursky (German), Theaster Gates (American) and Beatriz Milhazes (Brazilian). But not every artist, gallery and form showed to equal advantage in this alternative fair. Not surprisingly, simple two-dimensional works in bright colours came across best No sculpture or conceptual art was includedBesides depth and texture, there are aspects of gallery hopping that a website is unlikely to copy. One isserendipity—the sense of wandering between artworks and encountering the unexpected. Another is sociability. Art is a communion between artist and viewer, but galleries and fairs are also places to swap opinions and share enthusiasms.Thereare ways to compensate (or these inevitable(不可避免的)disadvantages. As they shut their physical doors, some of the world's nest galleries and museums are offering advanced interactive visits, 360 degree videos and walk around tours of their collections, allwithout queues and high ticket prices. One of the best is laid on by the Rijksmuseum in Amsterdam；its tour allows visitors to view its Vermeers and Rembrandts, including the magnicent "Night Watch”, far more closely than would normally he possible. Another standout offering is from the Museu de Arte de SPaulo, which has an even broader collection. On its virtual platform, its pain tings,spanning 700 years, appear to be hanging in an open-plan space, seemingly hung on glass panels, or "crystal easels” as the. museum calls them, ideal for close-up inspection,8. From the paragraph 3, we may knowA. "Primavera" was originally painted by JeKoonsB.“innity room” was the most popular artworks of recent years on social mediaC. White Cube displayed a great many works by artists from different nationsD. Various paintings and statues showed on the webpage are well-received9. What does the underlined word "serendipity" in Paragraph 4 probably mean?A. surpriseB. treasureC. expectationD. compromise10. What is the purpose of writing the last paragraph?A.To introduce some popular art show in the world.B. To show that there are some alternative ways to promote the display during covid-19 epidemic.C. To prove that paintings hung on glass panels can be idealfor close-up inspection,D. To release some information about some extraordinary art shows.11. What is the best title?A. Art beyond the internet.B. Fascinating art.C. Art under covid-19.D. gallery hoppingDIn May this year, as part of our 150th anniversary, we asked readers aged between18 and 25 to enter an essay competition. The task was to tell us, in no more than 1,000 words, what scientific advance they would most like to see in their lifetimes, and why it mattered to them.The response was phenomenal: we received 661 entries. Some entrants hoped that science would make their lifetimes much longer than they can currently expect. Many looked forward to work that will end climate change. Others wanted to see advances in our understanding of human history, crop growth, space exploration, and medical technologies. The ideas were inspiring.The winner is a compelling essay by Yasmin Ali, a PhD student at the University of Nottingham, UK. Ali submitted a piece on Beethoven, her brother’s hearing loss and the science which she hoped would one day cure it. It stood out to the judges as a reminder of why many scientists do research: to make the world better tomorrow than it is today.All essays were judged by a group of Nature editors. The top ten submissions were then ranked by threemembers of a separate judging group: Magdalena Skipper, editor-in-chief of Nature; Faith Osier, a researcher; and Jess Wade, a physicist. All submissions were kept anonymous throughout the process.We also selected two runners-up(非冠军的获奖者).Physicist Robert Schittkoat Harvard University in Cambridge, Massachusetts, proposes that nuclear fusion(核聚变) could offer a solution to the climate crisis, in a piece that effortlessly mixes grand ambition with gentle humour. And chemist Matthew Zajac at the University of Chicagoin Illinois wrote a powerful personal account of why he wants to see advances in the field of same-sex reproduction.The results show that today’s young scientists have a wealth of ideas, talent and conviction that research can transform their world. We look forward to seeing what they do next.12. What’s the essay competition about?A. The scientific expectation.B. The fantastic scientific ideas.C. The dreams of future life.D. The celebration of anniversary.13. Why Yasmin Ali was chosen the winner?A. She showed great talent in music.B. She found the cure for the loss of hearing.C. She appealed for people to care about hearing loss problem.D. She reminded people to remember the meaning of science development.14. What can we learn about the result of the essay competition?A. Robert Schittko won the second place.B. There were two winners in the essay competition.C. Matthew Zajac presented his view of same-sex reproduction.D. The two runners-up were selected for the same field they chose.15. What isthe author’s attitude to the competitors’ ideas about science expectations?A. Doubtful.B. Favorable.C. Impossible.D. Ignorant.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
福州市高三下学期语文第二次教学质量检测试卷
福州市高三下学期语文第二次教学质量检测试卷姓名:________ 班级:________ 成绩:________一、选择题 (共1题；共6分)1. （6分） (2019高一下·石家庄期末) 阅读下面的文字，完成下面小题。
如今，随着人工智能技术________，各式各样的智能机器人早已________。
“张小明”是国内第一款综合大数据分析、自然语言处理与机器学习技术的器人。
俄罗斯在举办世界杯足球赛期间，“张小明”记者16天撰写了大约450多篇体育新闻，并与直播同步的速度发布。
他最终________，一战成名。
“强大的人工智能崛起，要么是人类历史上最好的事，要么是最糟的。
我们应该竭尽所能，确保它的未来发展对我们和环境有利。
”斯蒂芬·霍金生前如是警醒。
当文字创作这一人类精神文化最后的堡垒被逐渐攻破，你我手中的饭碗岂不是岌岌可危？不过也有专家认为这是________。
（），人工智能还只是执行简单、重复性的创作输出，而人类可以聚焦更富创造性的智力劳动。
（1）依次填入文中横线上的成语，全都恰当的一项是（）A . 日新月异各显神通不负众望杞人忧天B . 蒸蒸日上各显神迪不孚众望庸人自扰C . 日新月异崭露头角不孚众望杞人忧天D . 蒸蒸日上崭露头角不负众望庸人自扰（2）文中划线的句子有语病，下列修改最恰当的一项是（）A . 俄罗斯在举办世界杯足球赛期间，“张小明”记者16天撰写了450多篇体育新闻，并以与直播同步的速度发布。
B . 在俄罗斯举办世界杯足球赛期间，“张小明”记者16天撰写了大约450多篇体育新闻，并与直播同步的速度发布。
C . 在俄罗斯举办世界杯足球赛期间“张小明”记者16天撰写了450多篇体育新闻，并以与直播同步的速度发布。
D . 俄罗斯在举办世界杯足球赛期间，“张小明”记者16天撰写了450多篇体育新闻，并以直播同步的速度发布。
（3）下列在文中括号内补写的语句，最恰当的一项是（）A . 目前人工智能创作还只是基于大数据的模仿，而离真正人类的创作智能还差得很远B . 真正人类的创作智能和人工智能相差很远，目前人工智能还只是基于大数据的模仿C . 目前人工智能创作已超出真正人类的创作智能，它已不仅是基于大数据的模仿D . 真正人类的创作智能超出人工智能很远，目前人工智能还只是基于大数据的模仿二、现代文阅读 (共3题；共27分)2. （6分） (2016高二上·黑龙江期末) 阅读下面的文字，完成后面题。
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福建省福州市2019届高三教学质量检测（二）
理综物理试题
二、选择题：本题共8小题，每小题6分，共48分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中，第14～17题只有一个选项正确，第18～21题有多个选项正确。
全部选对的得6分，选不全的得3分，有选错的或不答的得0分。
14.如图所示为氢原子的部分能级图，下列说法正确的是
A.氢原子由基态跃迁到激发态后，核外电子动能增大，原子的电势能减小
B.大量处于n=3激发态的氢原子，向低能级跃迁时可辐射出2种不同频率的光
C.处于基态的氢原子可吸收能量为12.09eV的光子发生跃迁
D.用氢原子n=2跃迁到n=1能级辐射出的光照射金属铂(逸出功为6.34eV)时不能发生光电效应
15.可视为球形的雨滴在空中下落过程可视为先加速后匀速的直线运动，已知雨滴下落中所受空气阻力的大小与其下落速度的平方及其横截面积(雨滴上垂直速度方向的最大面积)的乘积成正比关系。
若空中两个正在匀速下落的雨滴直径之比为2:3，则此时的速度之比为
A.
6
3
B.
2
3
C.
4
9
D.
8
27
16.相距15m的甲、乙两质点在t=0时刻开始沿同一直线相向运动，它们运动的v-t图象如图所示。
下列说法正确的是。