hope的用法详解

hope,wish,expect,want,desire和look forward to的用法区别

1．hope作“希望”解，主要用来表示主观上的愿望并对其实现抱有信心。可接不定式（短语）或that引导的从句，但不可接“宾语+不定式”，即宾语补足语的结构，也称不定式的复合结构，例如：

We are hoping to see the president who will come to China.

I hope that you can tell us the truth.

We hope you to meet us at the station.(错误)

2．wish作“但愿、希望”解，表示某种未完成或不能完成的愿望。可接不定式（短语）、双宾语、宾语+不定式的复合结构以及that从句，例如：

I wish you to go to Beijing with me next year.

Everyone wish(that)he could pass the English exam.

We wish you success/(to be)happy.

I wish(that)I were a millionaire.

注意：表示实现愿望的可能性不大或根本不可能时，从句用虚拟语气。

3．expect作“期待、期望”解，侧重于相信或认为有实现可能的愿望。可接名词、不定式（短语）、不定式的复合结构，例如：

I never expected his coming/help.

We expect to hear from Jane.

I expect you to give me a hand.

He expected that he could get there on time.

4．want作“想要”解，可接名词、不定式短语、还可接宾语+不定式/现在分词/过去分词的复合结构，例如：

Mr.Black wants to see you,sir.

I don't want you to make so much trouble.

He wanted his hair cut after work.

I want you telling stories all the time.

但当want作“需要”解时，则后接V-ing的形式（表示被动的含义）或不定式的复合结构，此时用法跟need相似，例如：The floor wants cleaning/to be cleaned.

5．desire作“渴望、愿望”解，可以为名词或动词，表示强烈的希望、渴望或要求，是比want更加正式的用语，可以接名词、不定式、不定式的复合结构以及宾语从句，一般不用于进行时态、祈使句，例如：

He desired information on this matter.

We all desire peace and happiness.

What do you desire me to do for you.

He desired to win the game.

My uncle desired that I(should)go to see him next month.

desire可以作名词，表示“愿望、欲望、要求、请求、”时为不可数名词；表示“所想要的东西”时为可数名词，但常用单数，作“情欲、性欲”时为不可数名词，例如：

He had a strong desire to/for success.

At last he got his desire --- a pair of new trousers.

6．look forward to作“盼望、期望”解，常用于表示愉快或满足的心情，期望或向往某事，例如：Every child is looking forward to the Spring Festival.

We are looking forward to seeing each other soon.

注意：look forward to中to为介词，故接动词时应使用动名词。