硫在中国农业中的作用

硫肥对广东蔬菜产量和品质的效果
Sulphur Fertilizer Effect on Cabbage Yield, Quality and Profit Shengang, Guangdong, 2002
Yield ton/ha Vitamin C mg/kg NO3-N mg/kg
Profit Yuan, RMB/ha
CK
39.8 44.2 (11%)
34.4 35.7 (3.5%)
8.2 8.6 (5.0%)
0.88 0.93 (5.7%)
10.3 10.5 (1.7%)
ES60
Sulphur Fertilizer Effect on Banana Yield and Quality
Zhongshan, Guangdong, 2002
15
35
55
Sulphur applied (mg S/kg)
Moshan Moussavi Nik and Glenn McDonald, IPNC 2009
硫对小麦籽粒锌含量的效果 Effects of S on grain Zn concentration
Bread wheat Durum wheat
硫在作物中的作用
• 硫是植物体内氨基酸和蛋白质的重要组成成分 • 参与叶绿素合成
• 促进植物体内维生素和蛋白质的合成和活化
• 参与植物固氮和硝酸还原作用
• 促进体内油脂形成
• 是原生质结构组成分，影响植物抗寒，抗旱和 抗病虫能力
作物生产中硫和主要养分的需求量
作物 Crop
水稻
产量
( 吨/公顷)
氮
田间试验
– Field trials: implemented 120, Completed 110 in 10 Provinces, on 8 Crops – Simple Comparison: Implemented 180; Completed 162 in 12 Provinces, on 8 Crops
C
•括号内数字为田间试验数目。
增产值：肥料成本比例
Value : Cost Ratio
10
20
30
40
50
0
40 35 34 29 29 25 20
硫肥对主要wenku.baidu.com作物的经济效果
•括号内数字为田间试验数目。
18 15 15 14 11 11 10
SU B G AN AR A CA NA ( C N E 2) IT RU (23 S ) SC T (25 A EA ) L ( SW CA LIO 20) EE B B N ( T AG 10) PO E TA (30 ) R TO SO AD (8) YB ISH E ( P E A N 3) ( A N 62) U R T(4 R AP ICE 3) ES ( 1 E E 17) C D(4 O 6) W RN( H EA 87) TO T TA (34 L( ) 53 5)
45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0
2.5 mg Zn/kg 5.0 mg Zn/kg
45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0
– Sulphur is a constitute of 3 essential amino acids which are vital to crop protein production and human nutrition. – Nitrogen and Sulphur are both used in protein production. – protein contains about 15X as much nitrogen as sulphur.
Beijing, April 21, 2013
硫在农业中的作用 Role of Sulphur in Agriculture
• Increase crop yield 增加产量 • Increase crop product quality 提 高产品品质 • Improve fertilizer efficiency and economic returns 提高肥料利用率 和经济效益 • Improve plant health 保护植物健 康 • Improve soil conditions as soil amendments 改良土壤
2000
15
Yield, tons/ha Protein % 10.8 8.5 6.4 6.8
产量，吨/ 公顷 蛋白质含量 %
产量 吨/公顷 蛋白质含量%
9.8 6.6 6.6
10
10
5
0
30 30 on tr ol S ES SS P A 30
C
TSI-NATESC Project on Sulphur in Soil Testing and Fertilizer Recommendation: Summary (2008-10)
3274
CK
15.6
560
1119
S60
17.0 (9.0%)
596 (6.4%)
1002 (-10.5%)
4441 (35.6%)
硫肥对柑橘产量和品质的效果
Sulphur Fertilizer Effect on Orange Yield and Quality
Average of 18 Field Trials in Hunan and Zhejiang Provinces from 2001 to 2003 Yield ton/ha Vitamin C Sugar mg/100 g/100 ml ml Acidity Soluble Solid g/100 ml %
Sulphur and Crop Nutrition Quality
硫肥提高作物营养品质
• Plants need sulphur to make: 植物合成蛋白质需要硫 • Proteins
植物代谢需要含硫化合物
(cysteine, cystine, methionine)
Amino Acid Structure
全国农技推广中心-国际硫研究所测土施肥硫肥项目 • Soil Testing: 土壤测定
– Soil samples: 951,833 – Representing arable area: 17.52 million Ha – Over 200 Counties; 15 Provinces
• Field Trials:
硫肥增加香蕉产量和质量
Yield ton/ha Soluble Vitamin C Sugar mg/kg g/kg 35.5 12.6 Leaf N g/kg Leaf S g/kg
CK
49.3
24.5
3.5
ES80
54.0 (10.7%)
37.0 (4.2%)
15.6 (23.8%)
25.5 (4.0%)
硫在中国农业中的作用
Role of Sulphur in Chinese Agriculture: Opportunity and Challenge
Fan Ming Xian
国际硫研究所
The Sulphur Institute Washington, DC. USA
Presented at the TSI Sulphur Fertilizer Workshop
N
磷P
公斤/公顷
钾 K
150
硫 S
20
7( 稻谷)
150
25
小麦
玉米 大豆 花生
4
9 3 3.5
168
360 200 250
34
52 25 22
110
230 110 110
25
50 15 28
中国土壤硫缺乏分布以及国际硫研究所 在中国的项目
根据最近中国土壤硫肥 力调查结果(1995-2003)， 中国各主要农业地区约 有30%的耕地土壤，相 当于4千万公顷，存在不 同程度的缺硫，需要使 用硫肥来提高作物产量 和培肥土壤。
• Promotion of S fertilizer:
– provided S fertilizer recommendation to 6 million farmers; – S fertilizer use area: 8 million ha
• Increased crop yield: 2,400,000 ton; • S fertilizer use:240,000 ton • Government recognition of sulphur importance by including it into State Fertilizer Survey and National Fertilizer Recommendation Guideline; Fertilizer Registration-Teck-regulations of fertilizer labels (NY19792010)
Achievements and Benefits from the Project 项目取得重要成绩和效益
• Base of information established
– Identified S deficient area >48%, eq. 8 million ha in the 15 studied provinces – S fertilizer increase crop yield 3 to 13%
3.9 (11.4%)
硫对小麦植株锌含量的效果
Effect of S on shoot Zn concentration 28 d after sowing
80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0
2.5 mg Zn/kg 5.0 mg Zn/kg
Shoot Zn conc. (mg/kg)
硫肥对主要农作物的增产效果
TSI Project in China, 1997-2005
平均增产百分比 %
Average Yield Increase, %
20 15 10 5 0
15 14
13 13
14
13 12 12
13 11 11 10 9 9 8 7
* Number in parentheses represents number of field trials. A total of 535 field trials were completed from 1997 to 2005; 468 field trials had significant yield increases by sulphur fertilizers, accounting for 87%.
11.6
6.5
7.9
5
硫肥与磷肥配合对安徽大豆增产效果
2000
40
30
Yield, t/ha Yield increase, % kg Grain/kg P kg P Uptake/ha
33
21.4 20 11.7 10 2.327 0 P0S0 P36S0 P36S36 2.492 13.6 7.1 4.6 3.096 15.5
硫肥与钾肥配合对天津大蒜增产效果
2000
30 25 20 15 12 10 6.1 5 0 NP NPS60 NPK112 NPK112S60 7.1 6.5 7 6.3 7.5 Yield, t/ha Increase, % 25 VCR VCR(S) 16 23 24
硫氮配合对安徽小麦产量和品质的效果
TSI Project in China, 1997-2005
23
比较硫肥与氮肥对江苏玉米 增产和经济效果
2001
Yield Increas, %; Value:Cost Ratio
20 18 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 N200 N200S30 3.8 Yield Increase % VCR Kg grain/Kg N 17.6
IT SO RU SU Y S ( SW GA BE 25) A * EE RC N( T AN 47 PO E ) T (2 P E A T 3) A O( N U 8 R T( ) SC AD 43 A IS ) LL H I (3 C ON ) AR (1 RO 0) R AP TE T(2 ES A ) E E ( 20 ) R D(4 IC 6 E ) C (11 C AB OR 7) BA N(8 G 7 G E( ) A R 30) W LIC H E ( T O A T 4) TA (34 L( ) 53 5)