必修五-unit-4-课文详解

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高中英语必修5 unit 4 Making the news 精品课件(新人教版)

Do an interview!
Reporter: You can ask 4~5 questions. Interviewee: Try your best to answer all questions.
Situations
(1) 刘翔 gold medal 金牌 give up the contest 退出比赛 comeback 复出 marriage 结婚 (2) Sanlu Milk Powder(三鹿奶粉) baby kidney stone(肾结石) melamine(三聚氰胺) compensation(补偿)
高二人教新课标版必修五
Unit 4
Making the news
Warming up
the Internet
radio
Peter Parker The spider man
Do you want to work for a newspaper, like Peter Parker? If you are offered a chance for a
Photos are quickly developed .
Editors decide which picture should be used, read some stories and make any necessary changes.
Editors write the headlines for each story and check that there is enough space.
The ______ editor hold chief a meeting. Photos are quickly developed __________ Editors check the ______ report. The newspapers are ________ by train and truck delivered Journalists __________ people interview and write stories Photographers ______ take photographs. Editors write the headlines __________. The newspapers are __________. printed

高二英语必修五第4单元课文翻译

高二英语必修五Unit 4课文翻译Unit 4 Making the newsReadingMY FIRST WORK ASSIGNMENT"Unforgettable", says new journalist我的第一项工作任务“难以忘怀，”新闻记者说Never will Zhou Yang (ZY) forget his first assignment at the office of a popular English newspaper. His discussion with his new boss, Hu Xin (HX), was to strongly influence his life as a journalist.周阳永远不会忘记他在一家畅销英文报纸的第一项工作任务。

他同新上司胡欣的讨论对他的记者生涯必将产生强烈的影响。

HX: Welcome. We're delighted you're coming to work with us. Your first job here will be an assistant journalist. Do you have any questions?胡：欢迎你，非常高兴你来参加我们的工作，你来这里首先就是当助理记者。

有什么问题吗?ZY: Can I go out on a story immediately?周：我可以马上去采访吗?HX: (laughing) That' s admirable, but I' m afraid it would be unusual ! Wait till you' re more experienced. First we'll put you as an assistant to an experienced journalist. Later you can cover a story and submit the article yourself.胡：(笑)真是勇气可嘉!不过恐怕这不太合乎常规，还是等到你比较有经验以后吧。

人教版必修五 Unit4 reading

from the iive the article to the department editor
Step5
--The article is given to a native speaker to check the use of English and improve the style.
How to become a journalist
◆ We need to be c_u__ri_o_u_s_ . ◆ To a_c_q__u_ir_e_ all the information we
need to know, we have to ask
many different _q_u_e_s_t_io_n__s .
Unit 4 Making the news
Peter Parker The spider man
➢If you are offered a chance for a job at China Daily, you will need to
find out what kind of jobs they have?
Qualities you have
1. Higher level of education 2. Work experience 3. Good communication skills 4. Curiosity, active personality 5. Hard-working 6. Enthusiasm for the job 7. _P_r_e_p_a_r_e_d_t_o_w_o_r_k__lo_n_g__h_o_u_rs 8. _A_b_i_li_t_y_t_o_w_o_r_k__in__a_t_e_a_m___

高中英语必修五课文及其翻译

必修5Unit 1 Great scientistsReadingJOHH SHOW DEFEATS “KING CHOLERA”John Snow was a famous doctor in London - so expert, indeed, that he attended Queen Victoria as her personal physician. But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera. This was the deadly disease of its day. Neither its cause nor its cure was understood. So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak. John Snow wanted to face the challenge and solve this problem. He knew that cholera would never be controlled until its cause was found.He became interested in two theories that possibly explained how cholera killed people. The first suggested that cholera multiplied in the air. A cloud of dangerous gas floated around until it found its victims. The second suggested that people absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals. From the stomach the disease quickly attacked the body and soon the affected person died.John Snow suspected that the second theory was correct but he needed evidence. So when another outbreak hit London in 1854, he was ready to begin his enquiry. As the disease spread quickly through poor neighbourhoods, he began to gather information. In two particular streets, the cholera outbreak was so severe that more than 500 people died in ten days. He was determined to find out why.First he marked on a map the exact places where all the dead people had lived. This gave him a valuable clue about the cause of the disease. Many of the deaths were near the water pump in Broad Street (especially numbers 16, 37, 38 and 40). He also noticed that some houses (such as 20 and 21 Broad Street and 8 and 9 Cambridge Street) had had no deaths. He had not foreseen this, so he made further investigations. He discovered that these people worked in the pub at 7 Cambridge Street. They had been given free beer and so had not drunk the water from the pump. It seemed that the water was to blame.Next, John Snow looked into the source of the water for these two streets. He found that it came from the river polluted by the dirty water from London. He immediately told the astonished people in Broad Street to remove the handle from the pump so that it could not be used. Soon afterwards the disease slowed down. He had shown that cholera was spread by germs and not in a cloud of gas.In another part of London, he found supporting evidence from two other deaths that were linked to the Broad Street outbreak. A woman, who had moved away from Broad Street, liked the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to her house every day. Both she and her daughter died of cholera after drinking the water. With this extra evidence John Snow was able to announce with certainty that polluted water carried the virus.To prevent this from happening again, John Snow suggested that the source of all the water supplies be examined. The water companies were instructed not to expose people to polluted water any more. Finally "King Cholera" was defeated.Using LanguageCOPERNICUS’ REVOLUTION RRY THEORYNicolaus Copernicus was frightened and his mind was confused. Although he had tried to ignore them, all his mathematical calculations led to the same conclusion: that the earth was not the centre of the solar system. Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense. Yet he could not tell anyone about his theory as the powerful Christian Church would have punished him for even suggesting such an idea. They believed God had made the world and for that reason the earth was special and must be the centre of the solar system.The problem arose because astronomers had noticed that some planets in the sky seemed to stop, move backward and then go forward in a loop. Others appeared brighter at times and less bright at others. This was very strange if the earth was the centre of the solar system and all planets went round it.Copernicus had thought long and hard about these problems and tried to find an answer. He had collected observations of the stars and used all his mathematical knowledge to explain them. But only his new theory could do that. So between 1510 and 1514 he worked on it, gradually improving his theory until he felt it was complete.In 1514 he showed it privately to his friends. The changes he made to the old theory were revolutionary. He placed a fixed sun at the centre of the solar system with the planets going round it and only the moon still going round the earth. He also suggested that the earth was spinning as it went round the sun and this explained changes in the movement of the planets and in the brightness of the stars. His friends were enthusiastic and encouraged him to publish his ideas, but Copernicus was cautious. He did not want to be attacked by the Christian Church, so he only published it as he lay dying in 1543.Certainly he was right to be careful. The Christian Church rejected his theory, saying it was against God's idea and people who supported it would be attacked. Yet Copernicus' theory is now the basis on which all our ideas of the universe are built. His theory replaced the Christian idea of gravity, which said things fell to earth because God created the earth as the centre of the universe. Copernicus showed this was obviously wrong. Now people can see that there is a direct link between his theory and the work of Isaac Newton, Albert Einstein and Stephen Hawking.Unit 2 The United KingdomReadingPUZZLES IN GEOGRAPHYPeople may wonder why different words are used to describe these four countries: England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland. You can clarify this question if you study British history.First there was England. Wales was linked to it in the thirteenth century. Now when people refer to England you find Wales included as well. Next England and Wales were joined to Scotland in the seventeenth century and the name was changed to "Great Britain". Happily this was accomplished without conflict when King James of Scotland became King of England and Wales as well. Finally the English government tried in the early twentieth century to form the United Kingdom by getting Ireland connected in the same peaceful way. However, the southern part of Ireland was unwilling and broke away to form its own government. So only Northern Ireland joined with England, Wales and Scotland to become the United Kingdom and this was shown to the world in a new flag called the Union Jack.To their credit the four countries do work together in some areas (eg, the currency and international relations), but they still have very different institutions. For example, Northern Ireland, England and Scotland have different educational and legal systems as well as different football teams for competitions like the World Cup!England is the largest of the four countries, and for convenience it is divided roughly into three zones. The zone nearest France is called the South of England, the middle zone is called the Midlands and the one nearest to Scotland is known as the North. You find most of the population settled in the south, but most of the industrial cities in the Midlands and the North of England. Although, nationwide, these cities are not as large as those in China, they have world-famous football teams and some of them even have two! It is a pity that the industrial cities built in the nineteenth century do not attract visitors. For historical architecture you have to go to older but smaller towns built by the Romans. There you will find out more about British history and culture.The greatest historical treasure of all is London with its museums, art collections, theatres, parks and buildings. It is the centre of national government and its administration. It has the oldest port built by the Romans in the first century AD, the oldest building begun by the Anglo-Saxons in the 1060s and the oldest castle constructed by later Norman rulers in 1066. There has been four sets of invaders of England. The first invaders, the Romans, left their towns and roads. The second, the Anglo-Saxons, left their language and their government. The third, the Vikings, influenced the vocabulary and place-names of the North of England, and the fourth, the Normans, left castles and introduced new words for food.If you look around the British countryside you will find evidence of all these invaders. You must keep your eyes open if you are going to make your trip to the United Kingdom enjoyable and worthwhile.Using LanguageSIGHTSEEING IN LONDONWorried about the time available, Zhang Pingyu had made a list of the sites she wanted to see in London. Her first delight was going to the Tower. It was built long ago by the Norman invaders of AD 1066. Fancy! This solid stone, square tower had remained standing for one thousand the buildings had expanded around it, it remained part of a royal palace and prison combined. To her great surprise, Zhang Pingyu found the Queen's jewels guarded by special royal soldiers who, on special occasions, still wore the four-hundred-year-old uniform of the time of Queen Elizabeth I.There followed St Paul's Cathedral built after the terrible fire of London in 1666. It looked splendid when first built! Westminster Abbey, too, was very interesting. It contained statues in memory of dead poets and writers, such as Shakespeare. Then just as she came out of the abbey, Pingyu heard the famous sound of the clock, Big Ben, ringing out the hour. She finished the day by looking at the outside of Buckingham Palace, the Queen's house in London. Oh, she had so much to tell her friends!The second day the girl visited Greenwich and saw its old ships and famous clock that sets the world time. What interested her most was the longitude line. It is an imaginary line dividing the eastern and western halves of the world and is very useful for navigation. It passes through Greenwich, so Pingyu had a photo taken standing on either side of the line.The last day she visited Karl Marx's statue in Highgate Cemetery. It seemed strange that the man who had developed communism should have lived and died in London. Not only that, but he had worked in the famous reading room of the Library of the British Museum. Sadly the library had moved from its original place into another building and the old reading room was gone. But she was thrilled by so many wonderful treasures from different cultures displayed in the museum. When she saw many visitors enjoying looking at the beautiful old Chinese pots and other objects on show, she felt very proud of her country.The next day Pingyu was leaving London for Windsor Castle. "Perhaps I will see the Queen" she wondered as she fell asleep.Unit 3 Life in the futureReadingFIRST IMPRESSIONSSpacemall 15/11/3008 (Earthtime)Dear Mum and Dad,I still cannot believe that I am taking up this prize that I won last year. I have to remind myself constantly that I am really in AD 3008. Worried about the journey, I was unsettled for the first few days. As a result, I suffered from “Time lag”. This is similar to the “jet lag” you get from flying, but it seems you keep getting flashbacks from your previous time period. So I was very nervous and uncertain at first. However, my friend and guide, Wang Ping, was very understanding and gave me some green tablets which helped a lot. Well-known for their expertise, his parents' company, called "Future Tours", transported me safely into the future in a time capsule.I can still remember the moment when the space stewardess called us all to the capsule and we climbed in througha small opening. The seats were comfortable and after a calming drink, we felt sleepy and closed our eyes. The capsule began swinging gently sideways as we lay relaxed and dreaming. A few minutes later, the journey was completed and we had arrived. I was still on the earth but one thousand years in the future. What would I findAt first my new surroundings were difficult to tolerate. The air seemed thin, as though its combination of gases had little oxygen left. Hit by a lack of fresh air, my head ached. Just as I tried to make the necessary adjustment to this new situation, Wang Ping appeared. "Put on this mask," he advised. "It'll make you feel much better." He handed it to me and immediately hurried me through to a small room nearby for a rest. I felt better in no time. Soon I was back on my feet again and following him to collect a hovering carriage driven by computer. These carriages float above the ground and by bending or pressing down in your seat, you can move swiftly. Wang Ping fastened my safety belt and showed me how to use it. Soon I could fly as fast as him. However, I lost sight of Wang Ping when we reached what looked like a large market because of too many carriages flying by in all directions. He was swept up into the centre of them. Just at that moment I had a "time lag" flashback and saw the area again as it had been in the year AD 2008. I realized that I had been transported into the future of what was still my hometown! Then I caught sight of Wang Ping again and flew after him.Arriving at a strange-looking house, he showed me into a large, bright clean room. It had a green wall, a brown floor and soft lighting. Suddenly the wall moved - it was made of trees! I found later that their leaves provided the room with much-needed oxygen. Then Wang Ping flashed a switch on a computer screen, and a table and some chairs rose from under the floor as if by magic. "Why not sit down and eat a little" he said. "You may find this difficult as it is your first time travel trip. Just relax, since there is nothing planned on the timetable today. Tomorrow you'll be ready for some visits." Having said this, he spread some food on the table, and produced a bed from the floor. After he left, I had a brief meal and a hot bath. Exhausted, I slid into bed and fell fast asleep.More news later from your loving son,Li QiangUsing LanguageI HA VE SEEN AMAZING THINGSMy first visit was to a space station considered the most modem in space. Described as an enormous round plate, it spins slowly in space to imitate the pull of the earth's gravity. Inside was an exhibition of the most up-to-date inventions of the 31 st century. A guide (G) showed us around along a moveable path.G: Good morning to all our visitors from 2008. First we're going to examine one of the latest forms of communication among our space citizens. No more typists working on a typewriter or computer! No more postage or postcodes! Messages can now be sent using a "thoughtpad". You place the metal band over your head, clear your mind, press the sending button, think your message and the next instant it's sent. It's stored on the "thoughtpad" of the receiver. It's quick, efficient and environmentally friendly. The only limitation is if the user does not think his or her message clearly, an unclear message may be sent. But we cannot blame the tools for the faults of the user, can weDuring the explanation I looked at the pair of small objects called "thoughtpads" on a table. They just looked like metal ribbons. So ordinary but so powerful! While I was observing them, the path moved us on.G: And now ladies and gentlemen, we are in the "environment area". People used to collect waste in dustbins.Then the rubbish was sent to be buried or burned, am I fight (We nodded.) Well, now there's a system where the waste is disposed of using the principles of ecology. A giant machine, always greedy for more, swallows all the waste available. The rubbish is turned into several grades of useful material, such as "fertilizer" for the fields and "soil" for deserts. Nothing is wasted, and everything, even plastic bags, is recycled. A great idea, isn't' itI stared at the moving model of the waste machine, absorbed by its efficiency. But again we moved on.G: Our third stop shows the changes that have happened to work practices. Manufacturing no longer takes place on the earth but on space stations like this one. A group of engineers programme robots to perform tasks in space. The robots produce goods such as drugs, clothes, furniture, hovering carriages, etc. There is no waste, no pollution and no environmental damage! However, the companies have to train their representatives to live and work in space settlements. They have to monitor the robots and the production. When the goods are ready they're transported by industrial spaceship back to earth.My mind began to wander. What job would I do My motivation increased as I thought of the wonderful world of the future.Unit 4 Making the newsReadingMY FIRST WORK ASSIGNMENT"Unforgettable", says new journalistNever will Zhou Yang (ZY) forget his first assignment at the office of a popular English newspaper. His discussion with his new boss, Hu Xin (HX), was to strongly influence his life as a journalist.HX: Welcome. We're delighted you're coming to work with us. Your first job here will be an assistant journalist.Do you have any questionsZY: Can I go out on a story immediatelyHX: (laughing) That' s admirable, but I' m afraid it would be unusual ! Wait till you' re more experienced. First we'll put you as an assistant to an experienced journalist. Later you can cover a story and submit the article yourself.ZY: Wonderful. What do I need to take with me I already have a notebook and camera.HX: No need for a camera. You'll have a professional photographer with you to take photographs. You'll find your colleagues very eager to assist you, so you may be able to concentrate on photography later if you' re interested.ZY: Thank you. Not only am I interested in photography, but I took an amateur course at university to update my skills.HX: Good.ZY: What do I need to remember when I go out to cover a storyHX: You need to be curious. Only if you ask many different questions will you acquire all the information you need to know. We say a good journalist must have a good "nose" for a story. That means you must be able to assess when people are not telling the whole troth and then try to discover it. They must use research to inform themselves of the missing parts of the story.ZY: What should I keep in mindHX: Here comes my list of dos and don'ts: don't miss your deadline, don't be rode, don't talk too much, but make sure you listen to the interviewee carefully.ZY: Why is listening so importantHX: Well, you have to listen for detailed facts. Meanwhile you have to prepare the next question depending on what the person says.ZY: But how can I listen carefully while taking notesHX: This is a trick of the trade, If the interviewee agrees, you can use a recorder to get the facts straight. It's also useful if a person wants to challenge you. You have the evidence to support your story.ZY: I see! Have you ever had a case where someone accused your journalists of getting the wrong end of the stick HX: Yes, but it was a long time ago. This is how the story goes. A footballer was accused of taking money for deliberately not scoring goals so as to let the other team win. We went to interview him. He denied taking money but we were sceptical. So we arranged an interview between the footballer and the man supposed to bribe him. When we saw them together we guessed from the footballer's body language that he was nottelling the truth. So we wrote an article suggesting he was guilty. It was a dilemma because the footballer could have demanded damages if we were wrong. He tried to stop us publishing it but later we were proved right.ZY: Wow! That was a real "scoop". I'm looking forward to my first assignment now. Perhaps I'll get a scoop too! HX: Perhaps you will. You never know.Using LanguageGETTING THE "SCOOP""Quick," said the editor. "Get that story ready. We need it in this edition to be ahead of the other newspapers. This is a scoop." Zhou Yang had just come back into the office after an interview with a famous film star. "Did he really do that" asked someone from the International News Department. "Yes, I' m afraid he did," Zhou Yang answered. He set to work.His first task was to write his story, but he had to do it carefully. Although he realized the man had been lying, Zhou Yang knew he must not accuse him directly. He would have to be accurate. Concise too! He knew how to do that. Months of training had taught him to write with no wasted words or phrases. He sat down at his computer and began to work.The first person who saw his article was a senior editor from his department. He checked the evidence, read the article and passed it on to the copy-editor. She began to edit the piece and design the main headline and smaller heading. “This will look very good on the page,” she said. "Where is a good picture of this man" Then as the article was going to be written in English Zhou Yang also took a copy to the native speaker employed by the newspaper to polish the style. She was also very happy with Zhou Yang's story. "You are really able to write a good front page article," she said. Zhou Yang smiled with happiness. Last of all, the chief editor read it and approved it. "Well done," he said to Zhou Yang. "But please show me your evidence so we're sure we've got our facts straight.” “I’ll bring it to you immediately," said Zhou Yang excitedly.The news desk editor took the story and began to work on all the stories and photos until all the pages were set. All the information was then ready to be processed into film negatives. This was the first stage of the printing process. They needed four negatives, as several colours were going to be used on the story. Each of the main colours had one negative sheet and when they were combined they made a coloured page for the newspaper. After one last check the page was ready to be printed. Zhou Yang waited excitedly for the first copies to be ready. "Wait 611 tonight," his friend whispered. "I expect there will be something about this on the television news. A real scoop!"Unit 5 First aidReadingFIRST AID FOR BURNSThe skin is an essential part of your body and its largest organ. You have three layers of skin which act as a barrieragainst disease, poisons and the sun's harmful rays. The functions of your skin are also very complex: it keeps you warm or cool; it prevents your body from losing too much water; it is where you feel cold, heat or pain and it gives you your sense of touch. So as you can imagine, if your skin gets burned it can be very serious. First aid is a very important first step in the treatment of bums.Causes of burnsYou can get burned by a variety of things: hot liquids, steam, fire, radiation (by being close to high heat or fire, etc), the sun, electricity or chemicals.Types of burnsThere are three types of burns. Burns are called first, second or third degree burns, depending onwhich layers of the skin are burned.◎First degree burns These affect only the top layer of the skin. These burns are not serious and should feel better within a day or two. Examples include mild sunburn and burns caused by touching a hot pan, stove or iron for a mordent.◎Second degree burns These affect both the top and the second layer of the skin. These bums are serious and take a few weeks to heal. Examples include severe sunburn and bums caused by hot liquids.◎Third degree burns These affect all three layers of the skin and any tissue and organs under the skin.Examples include burns caused by electric shocks, burning clothes, or severe petrol fires. These burns cause very severe injuries and the victim must go to hospital at once.Characteristics of burnsFirst degree burns◎dry, red and mildly swollen◎mildly painful◎turn white when pressedSecond degree burns◎rough, red and swollen◎blisters◎watery surface◎extremely painfulThird degree burns◎black and white and charred◎swollen; often tissue under them can be seen◎little or no pain if nerves are damaged; may be pain around edge of injured area. First aid treatment1 Remove clothing using scissors if necessary unless it is stuck to the burn. Take off other clothing and jewellery near the burn.2 Cool burns immediately with cool but not icy water. It is best to place burns under gently running water for about 10 minutes. (The cool water stops the burning process, prevents the pain becoming unbearable and reducesswelling.) Do not put cold water on third degree burns.3 For first degree burns, place cool, clean, wet cloths on them until the pain is not so bad. For second degree burns, keep cloths cool by putting them back in a basin of cold water, squeezing them out and placing them on the burned area over and over again for about an hour until the pain is not so bad.4 Dry the burned area gently. Do not rob, as this may break any blisters and the wound may get infected.5 Cover the burned area with a dry, clean bandage that will not stick to the skin. Hold the bandage in place with tape. Never put butter, oil or ointment on bums as they keep the heat in the wounds and may cause infection.6 If bums are on arms or legs, keep them higher than the heart, if possible. If bums are on the face, the victim should sit up.7 If the injuries are second or third degree bums, it is vital to get the victim to the doctor or hospital at once.Using LanguageHEROIC TEENAGER RECEIVES AW ARDSeventeen-year-old teenager, John Janson, was honoured at the Lifesaver Awards last night in Rivertown for giving lifesaving first aid on his neighbour after a shocking knife attack.John was presented with his award at a ceremony which recognized the bravery of ten people who had saved the life of another.John was studying in his room when he heard screaming. When he and his father rushed outside, a man ran from the scene. They discovered that Anne Slade, mother of three, had been stabbed repeatedly with a knife. She was lying in her front garden bleeding very heavily. Her hands had almost been cut off.It was John's quick action and knowledge of first aid that saved Ms Slade's life. He immediately asked a number of nearby people for bandages, but when nobody could put their hands on any, his father got some tea towels and tape from their house. John used these to treat the most severe injuries to Ms Slade's hands. He slowed the bleeding by applying pressure to the wounds until the police and ambulance arrived."I'm proud of what I did but I was just doing what I'd been taught," John said.John had taken part in the Young Lifesaver Scheme at his high school. When congratulating John, Mr Alan Southerton, Director of the Young Lifesaver Scheme said, "There is no doubt that John's quick thinking and the first aid skills he learned at school saved Ms Slade's life. It shows that a knowledge of first aid can make a real difference."Before receiving their awards last night, John and the nine other Life Savers attended a special reception yesterday hosted by the Prime Minister.。

人教版高二英语必修五unit4 课文语言点课件(28张ppt)

ZY: Wonderful. What do I need to take with me? I already
have a notebook and camera.
HX: No need for a camera. You'll have __a__p_r_o_fe_s_s_io_n_a_l_p_h__o_to_g_r_a_p_h_e_r__ (专业摄影师) with you to __ta_k_e__p_h_o_t_o_g_r_a_p_h_s___ (拍照). You'll find your colleagues very __e_a_g_er__to__a_s_s_is_t_y_o_u___ (渴望帮助你), so you may be able to __c_o_n_c_e_n_t_r_a_te__o_n_____ (集中精神) photography later if you' re interested. ZY: Thank you. Not only __a_m__I_i_n_t_e_re_s_t_e_d_i_n___ (感兴趣) photography, __b_u_t__ I took an amateur course at university to update my skills.
job. (profession)
4)His _g__u_il_t __ was proved beyond all doubt by the prosecution and he felt _g_u_il_ty_ about not telling the truth to the judge. (guilt)
going out to work, he told him to be __c_u_r_io__u_s_(好奇的)

人教新课标版高中英语必修五Unit4Makingthenews知识讲解

Unit 4Making the news学习目标要点词汇delighted, assist， eager, acquire, inform ， demand, accurate, approve, 小词简析要点短语accuse of, in the process of, concentrate on, defend against, have a nose for, depend on, ahead of 要点句型1. so as to 指引目的状语2. ... case +定语从句知识解说要点词汇delighted【原句回放】 We’ re delighted you ’ reocomingworkwith us. 你来与我们一同工作，我们很快乐。

【点拨】 delighted adj. 感觉惊喜的，感觉快乐的，用于表示人的心里感觉。

常用搭配：be delighted to do sth. 快乐做某事be delighted at/ by 因 ......而快乐be delighted that 因 ......而快乐She was delighted to hear the twitter of the birds somewhere near her window.她很快乐地听着窗外鸟儿的鸣喊声。

The mother was delighted at the recovery of her baby.那位母亲由于她的婴儿恢复了健康而特别快乐。

We’ re delighted that you be here ’soonll. 你不久就来这里了，我们真快乐。

【拓展】delight vt. 使（某人）快乐，使（某人）惊喜n.快乐，快乐，令人快乐的人或事。

delightful adj. 令人欢乐的常用短语：take delight in (doing) sth.喜爱，以......为乐to one’ s delight令人快乐的是with/ in delight快乐地He delighted the audience with his humourous words.他风趣的语言让观众们很快乐。

高中英语必修五课文及其翻译

创作编号：BG7531400019813488897SX创作者：别如克*必修5Unit 1 Great scientistsReadingJOHH SHOW DEFEATS “KING CHOLERA”John Snow was a famous doctor in London - so expert, indeed, that he attended Queen Victoria as her personal physician. But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera. This was the deadly disease of its day. Neither its cause nor its cure was understood. So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak. John Snow wanted to face the challenge and solve this problem. He knew that cholera would never be controlled until its cause was found.He became interested in two theories that possibly explained how cholera killed people. The first suggested that cholera multiplied in the air. A cloud of dangerous gas floated around until it found its victims. The second suggested that people absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals. From the stomach the disease quickly attacked the body and soon the affected person died.John Snow suspected that the second theory was correct but he needed evidence. So when another outbreak hit London in 1854, he was ready to begin his enquiry. As the disease spread quickly through poor neighbourhoods, he began to gather information. In two particular streets, the cholera outbreak was so severe that more than 500 people died in ten days. He was determined to find out why.First he marked on a map the exact places where all the dead people had lived. This gave him a valuable clue about the cause of the disease. Many of the deaths were near the water pump in Broad Street (especially numbers 16, 37, 38 and 40). He also noticed that some houses (such as 20 and 21 Broad Street and 8 and 9 Cambridge Street) had had no deaths. He had not foreseen this, so he made further investigations. He discovered that these people worked in the pub at 7 Cambridge Street. They had been given free beer and so had not drunk the water from the pump. It seemed that the water was to blame.Next, John Snow looked into the source of the water for these two streets. He found that it came from the river polluted by the dirty water from London. He immediately told theastonished people in Broad Street to remove the handle from the pump so that it could not be used. Soon afterwards the disease slowed down. He had shown that cholera was spread by germs and not in a cloud of gas.In another part of London, he found supporting evidence from two other deaths that were linked to the Broad Street outbreak. A woman, who had moved away from Broad Street, liked the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to her house every day. Both she and her daughter died of cholera after drinking the water. With this extra evidence John Snow was able to announce with certainty that polluted water carried the virus.To prevent this from happening again, John Snow suggested that the source of all the water supplies be examined. The water companies were instructed not to expose people to polluted water any more. Finally "King Cholera" was defeated.Using LanguageCOPERNICUS’ REVOLUTIONRRY THEORYNicolaus Copernicus was frightened and his mind was confused. Although he had tried to ignore them, all his mathematical calculations led to the same conclusion: that the earth was not the centre of the solar system. Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense. Yet he could not tell anyone about his theory as the powerful Christian Church would have punished him for even suggesting such an idea. They believed God had made the world and for that reason the earth was special and must be the centre of the solar system.The problem arose because astronomers had noticed that some planets in the sky seemed to stop, move backward and then go forward in a loop. Others appeared brighter at times and less bright at others. This was very strange if the earth was the centre of the solar system and all planets went round it.Copernicus had thought long and hard about these problems and tried to find an answer. He had collected observations of the stars and used all his mathematical knowledge to explain them. But only his new theory could do that. So between 1510 and 1514 he worked on it, gradually improving his theory until he felt it was complete.In 1514 he showed it privately to his friends. The changes he made to the old theory were revolutionary. He placed a fixed sun at the centre of the solar system with the planets going round it and only the moon still going round the earth. He also suggested that the earth was spinning as it went round the sun and this explained changes in the movement of the planets and in the brightness of the stars. His friends were enthusiastic and encouraged him topublish his ideas, but Copernicus was cautious. He did not want to be attacked by the Christian Church, so he only published it as he lay dying in 1543.Certainly he was right to be careful. The Christian Church rejected his theory, saying it was against God's idea and people who supported it would be attacked. Yet Copernicus' theory is now the basis on which all our ideas of the universe are built. His theory replaced the Christian idea of gravity, which said things fell to earth because God created the earth as the centre of the universe. Copernicus showed this was obviously wrong. Now people can see that there is a direct link between his theory and the work of Isaac Newton, Albert Einstein and Stephen Hawking.Unit 2 The United KingdomReadingPUZZLES IN GEOGRAPHYPeople may wonder why different words are used to describe these four countries: England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland. You can clarify this question if you study British history.First there was England. Wales was linked to it in the thirteenth century. Now when people refer to England you find Wales included as well. Next England and Wales were joined to Scotland in the seventeenth century and the name was changed to "Great Britain". Happily this was accomplished without conflict when King James of Scotland became King of England and Wales as well. Finally the English government tried in the early twentieth century to form the United Kingdom by getting Ireland connected in the same peaceful way. However, the southern part of Ireland was unwilling and broke away to form its own government. So only Northern Ireland joined with England, Wales and Scotland to become the United Kingdom and this was shown to the world in a new flag called the Union Jack.To their credit the four countries do work together in some areas (eg, the currency and international relations), but they still have very different institutions. For example, Northern Ireland, England and Scotland have different educational and legal systems as well as different football teams for competitions like the World Cup!England is the largest of the four countries, and for convenience it is divided roughly into three zones. The zone nearest France is called the South of England, the middle zone is called the Midlands and the one nearest to Scotland is known as the North. You find most of the population settled in the south, but most of the industrial cities in the Midlands and the North of England. Although, nationwide, these cities are not as large as those in China, they have world-famous football teams and some of them even have two! It is a pity that the industrial cities built in the nineteenth century do not attract visitors. For historical architecture you have to go to older but smaller towns built by the Romans. There you will find out more about British history and culture.The greatest historical treasure of all is London with its museums, art collections, theatres, parks and buildings. It is the centre of national government and its administration. It has the oldest port built by the Romans in the first century AD, the oldest building begun by the Anglo-Saxons in the 1060s and the oldest castle constructed by later Norman rulers in 1066. There has been four sets of invaders of England. The first invaders, the Romans, left their towns and roads. The second, the Anglo-Saxons, left their language and their government. The third, the Vikings, influenced the vocabulary and place-names of the North of England, and the fourth, the Normans, left castles and introduced new words for food.If you look around the British countryside you will find evidence of all these invaders. You must keep your eyes open if you are going to make your trip to the United Kingdom enjoyable and worthwhile.Using LanguageSIGHTSEEING IN LONDONWorried about the time available, Zhang Pingyu had made a list of the sites she wanted to see in London. Her first delight was going to the Tower. It was built long ago by the Norman invaders of AD 1066. Fancy! This solid stone, square tower had remained standing for one thousand years.Although the buildings had expanded around it, it remained part of aroyal palace and prison combined. To her great surprise, Zhang Pingyu found the Queen's jewels guarded by special royal soldiers who, on special occasions, still wore the four-hundred-year-old uniform of the time of Queen Elizabeth I.There followed St Paul's Cathedral built after the terrible fire of London in 1666. It looked splendid when first built! Westminster Abbey, too, was very interesting. It contained statues in memory of dead poets and writers, such as Shakespeare. Then just as she came out of the abbey, Pingyu heard the famous sound of the clock, Big Ben, ringing out the hour. She finished the day by looking at the outside of Buckingham Palace, the Queen's house in London. Oh, she had so much to tell her friends!The second day the girl visited Greenwich and saw its old ships and famous clock that sets the world time. What interested her most was the longitude line. It is an imaginary line dividing the eastern and western halves of the world and is very useful for navigation. It passes through Greenwich, so Pingyu had a photo taken standing on either side of the line. The last day she visited Karl Marx's statue in Highgate Cemetery. It seemed strange that the man who had developed communism should have lived and died in London. Not only that, but he had worked in the famous reading room of the Library of the British Museum. Sadly the library had moved from its original place into another building and the old reading room was gone. But she was thrilled by so many wonderful treasures from different cultures displayed in the museum. When she saw many visitors enjoying looking at the beautiful old Chinese pots and other objects on show, she felt very proud of her country. The next day Pingyu was leaving London for Windsor Castle. "Perhaps I will see the Queen?" she wondered as she fell asleep.创作编号：BG7531400019813488897SX创作者：别如克*Unit 3 Life in the futureReadingFIRST IMPRESSIONSSpacemall: liqiang299A@ 15/11/3008 (Earthtime) Dear Mum and Dad,I still cannot believe that I am taking up this prize that I won last year. I have to remind myself constantly that I am really in AD 3008. Worried about the journey, I was unsettled for the first few days. As a result, I suff ered from “Time lag”. This is similar to the “jet lag” you get from flying, but it seems you keep getting flashbacks from your previous time period. So I was very nervous and uncertain at first. However, my friend and guide, Wang Ping, was very understanding and gave me some green tablets which helped a lot. Well-known for their expertise, his parents' company, called "Future Tours", transported me safely into the future in a time capsule.I can still remember the moment when the space stewardess called us all to the capsule and we climbed in through a small opening. The seats were comfortable and after a calming drink, we felt sleepy and closed our eyes. The capsule began swinging gently sideways as we lay relaxed and dreaming. A few minutes later, the journey was completed and we had arrived. I was still on the earth but one thousand years in the future. What would I find?At first my new surroundings were difficult to tolerate. The air seemed thin, as though its combination of gases had little oxygen left. Hit by a lack of fresh air, my head ached. Just as I tried to make the necessary adjustment to this new situation, Wang Ping appeared. "Put on this mask," he advised. "It'll make you feel much better." He handed it to me and immediately hurried me through to a small room nearby for a rest. I felt better in no time. Soon I was back on my feet again and following him to collect a hovering carriage driven by computer. These carriages float above the ground and by bending or pressing down in your seat, you can move swiftly. Wang Ping fastened my safety belt and showed me how to use it. Soon I could fly as fast as him. However, I lost sight of Wang Ping when we reached what looked like a large market because of too many carriages flying by in all directions. He was swept up into the centre of them. Just at that moment I had a "time lag" flashback and saw the area again as it had been in the year AD 2008. I realized that I had been transported into the future of what was still my hometown! Then I caught sight of WangPing again and flew after him.Arriving at a strange-looking house, he showed me into a large, bright clean room. It had a green wall, a brown floor and soft lighting. Suddenly the wall moved - it was made of trees! I found later that their leaves provided the room with much-needed oxygen. Then Wang Ping flashed a switch on a computer screen, and a table and some chairs rose from under the floor as if by magic. "Why not sit down and eat a little?" he said. "You may find this difficult as it is your first time travel trip. Just relax, since there is nothing planned on the timetable today. Tomorrow you'll be ready for some visits." Having said this, he spread some food on the table, and produced a bed from the floor. After he left, I had a brief meal and a hot bath. Exhausted, I slid into bed and fell fast asleep.More news later from your loving son,Li QiangUsing LanguageI HA VE SEEN AMAZING THINGSMy first visit was to a space station considered the most modem in space. Described as an enormous round plate, it spins slowly in space to imitate the pull of the earth's gravity. Inside was an exhibition of the most up-to-date inventions of the 31 st century. A guide (G) showed us around along a moveable path.G: Good morning to all our visitors from 2008. First we're going to examine one of the latest forms of communication among our space citizens. No more typists working on a typewriter or computer! No more postage or postcodes! Messages can now be sent using a "thoughtpad". You place the metal band over your head, clear your mind, press the sending button, think your message and the next instant it's sent. It's stored on the "thoughtpad" of the receiver. It's quick, efficient and environmentally friendly.The only limitation is if the user does not think his or her message clearly, an unclear message may be sent. But we cannot blame the tools for the faults of the user, can we?During the explanation I looked at the pair of small objects called "thoughtpads" on a table. They just looked like metal ribbons. So ordinary but so powerful! While I was observing them, the path moved us on.G: And now ladies and gentlemen, we are in the "environment area". People used to collect waste in dustbins. Then the rubbish was sent to be buried or burned, am I fight?(We nodded.) Well, now there's a system where the waste is disposed of using theprinciples of ecology. A giant machine, always greedy for more, swallows all the waste available. The rubbish is turned into several grades of useful material, such as "fertilizer" for the fields and "soil" for deserts. Nothing is wasted, and everything, even plastic bags, is recycled. A great idea, isn't' it?I stared at the moving model of the waste machine, absorbed by its efficiency. But again we moved on.G: Our third stop shows the changes that have happened to work practices.Manufacturing no longer takes place on the earth but on space stations like this one.A group of engineers programme robots to perform tasks in space. The robotsproduce goods such as drugs, clothes, furniture, hovering carriages, etc. There is no waste, no pollution and no environmental damage! However, the companies have to train their representatives to live and work in space settlements. They have to monitor the robots and the production. When the goods are ready they're transported by industrial spaceship back to earth.My mind began to wander. What job would I do? My motivation increased as I thought of the wonderful world of the future.Unit 4 Making the newsReadingMY FIRST WORK ASSIGNMENT"Unforgettable", says new journalistNever will Zhou Yang (ZY) forget his first assignment at the office of a popular English newspaper. His discussion with his new boss, Hu Xin (HX), was to strongly influence his life as a journalist.HX: Welcome. We're delighted you're coming to work with us. Your first job here will be an assistant journalist. Do you have any questions?ZY: Can I go out on a story immediately?HX: (laughing) That' s admirable, but I' m afraid it would be unusual ! Wait till you' re more experienced. First we'll put you as an assistant to an experienced journalist.Later you can cover a story and submit the article yourself.ZY: Wonderful. What do I need to take with me? I already have a notebook and camera. HX: No need for a camera. You'll have a professional photographer with you to take photographs. You'll find your colleagues very eager to assist you, so you may be able to concentrate on photography later if you' re interested.ZY: Thank you. Not only am I interested in photography, but I took an amateur course at university to update my skills.HX: Good.ZY: What do I need to remember when I go out to cover a story?HX: You need to be curious. Only if you ask many different questions will you acquire all the information you need to know. We say a good journalist must have a good "nose" for a story. That means you must be able to assess when people are not telling the whole troth and then try to discover it. They must use research to inform themselves of the missing parts of the story.ZY: What should I keep in mind?HX: Here comes my list of dos and don'ts: don't miss your deadline, don't be rode, don't talk too much, but make sure you listen to the interviewee carefully.ZY: Why is listening so important?HX: Well, you have to listen for detailed facts. Meanwhile you have to prepare the next question depending on what the person says.ZY: But how can I listen carefully while taking notes?HX: This is a trick of the trade, If the interviewee agrees, you can use a recorder to get the facts straight. It's also useful if a person wants to challenge you. You have the evidence to support your story.ZY: I see! Have you ever had a case where someone accused your journalists of getting the wrong end of the stick?HX: Yes, but it was a long time ago. This is how the story goes. A footballer was accused of taking money for deliberately not scoring goals so as to let the other team win.We went to interview him. He denied taking money but we were sceptical. So we arranged an interview between the footballer and the man supposed to bribe him.When we saw them together we guessed from the footballer's body language that he was not telling the truth. So we wrote an article suggesting he was guilty. It was a dilemma because the footballer could have demanded damages if we were wrong.He tried to stop us publishing it but later we were proved right.ZY: Wow! That was a real "scoop". I'm looking forward to my first assignment now.Perhaps I'll get a scoop too!HX: Perhaps you will. You never know.Using Language创作编号：BG7531400019813488897SX创作者：别如克*GETTING THE "SCOOP""Quick," said the editor. "Get that story ready. We need it in this edition to be ahead of the other newspapers. This is a scoop." Zhou Yang had just come back into the office after an interview with a famous film star. "Did he really do that?" asked someone from the International News Department. "Yes, I' m afraid he did," Zhou Yang answered. He set to work.His first task was to write his story, but he had to do it carefully. Although he realized the man had been lying, Zhou Yang knew he must not accuse him directly. He would have to be accurate. Concise too! He knew how to do that. Months of training had taught him to write with no wasted words or phrases. He sat down at his computer and began to work.The first person who saw his article was a senior editor from his department. He checked the evidence, read the article and passed it on to the copy-editor. She began to edit the piece and design the main headline and smaller heading. “This will look very good on the page,” she said. "Where is a good picture of this man?" Then as the article was going to be written in English Zhou Yang also took a copy to the native speaker employed by the newspaper to polish the style. She was also very happy with Zhou Yang's story. "You are really able to write a good front page article," she said. Zhou Yang smiled with happiness. Last of all, the chief editor read it and approved it. "Well done," he said to Zhou Yang. "But please show me your evidence so we're sure we've got our facts straight.” “I’ll bring it to you immediately," said Zhou Yang excitedly.The news desk editor took the story and began to work on all the stories and photos until all the pages were set. All the information was then ready to be processed into film negatives. This was the first stage of the printing process. They needed four negatives, asseveral colours were going to be used on the story. Each of the main colours had one negative sheet and when they were combined they made a coloured page for the newspaper. After one last check the page was ready to be printed. Zhou Yang waited excitedly for the first copies to be ready. "Wait 611 tonight," his friend whispered. "I expect there will be something about this on the television news. A real scoop!"Unit 5 First aidReadingFIRST AID FOR BURNSThe skin is an essential part of your body and its largest organ. You have three layers of skin which act as a barrier against disease, poisons and the sun's harmful rays. The functions of your skin are also very complex: it keeps you warm or cool; it prevents your body from losing too much water; it is where you feel cold, heat or pain and it gives you your sense of touch. So as you can imagine, if your skin gets burned it can be very serious. First aid is a very important first step in the treatment of bums.Causes of burnsYou can get burned by a variety of things: hot liquids, steam, fire, radiation (by being close to high heat or fire, etc), the sun, electricity or chemicals.Types of burnsThere are three types of burns. Burns are called first, second or third degree burns, depending onwhich layers of the skin are burned.◎First degree burns These affect only the top layer of the skin. These burns are not serious and should feel better within a day or two. Examples include mild sunburn and burns caused by touching a hot pan, stove or iron for a mordent.◎Second degree burns These affect both the top and the second layer of the skin.These bums are serious and take a few weeks to heal. Examples include severe sunburn and bums caused by hot liquids.◎Third degree burns These affect all three layers of the skin and any tissue and organs under the skin. Examples include burns caused by electric shocks, burning clothes, or severe petrol fires. These burns cause very severe injuries and the victim must go to hospital at once.Characteristics of burnsFirst degree burns◎dry, red and mildly swollen◎mildly painful◎turn white when pressedSecond degree burns◎rough, red and swollen◎blisters◎watery surface◎extremely painfulThird degree burns◎black and white and charred◎swollen; often tissue under them can be seen◎little or no pain if nerves are damaged; may be painaround edge of injured area.First aid treatment1 Remove clothing using scissors if necessary unless it is stuck to the burn. Take off other clothing and jewellery near the burn.2 Cool burns immediately with cool but not icy water. It is best to place burns under gently running water for about 10 minutes. (The cool water stops the burning process, prevents the pain becoming unbearable and reduces swelling.) Do not put cold water on third degree burns.3 For first degree burns, place cool, clean, wet cloths on them until the pain is not so bad. For second degree burns, keep cloths cool by putting them back in a basin of cold water, squeezing them out and placing them on the burned area over and over again for about an hour until the pain is not so bad.4 Dry the burned area gently. Do not rob, as this may break any blisters and the wound may get infected.5 Cover the burned area with a dry, clean bandage that will not stick to the skin. Hold the bandage in place with tape. Never put butter, oil or ointment on bums as they keep the heat in the wounds and may cause infection.6 If bums are on arms or legs, keep them higher than the heart, if possible. If bums are on the face, the victim should sit up.7 If the injuries are second or third degree bums, it is vital to get the victim to the doctor or hospital at once.Using LanguageHEROIC TEENAGER RECEIVES AW ARD Seventeen-year-old teenager, John Janson, was honoured at the Lifesaver Awards last night in Rivertown for giving lifesaving first aid on his neighbour after a shockingknife attack.John was presented with his award at a ceremony which recognized the bravery of ten people who had saved the life of another.John was studying in his room when he heard screaming. When he and his father rushed outside, a man ran from the scene. They discovered that Anne Slade, mother of three, had been stabbed repeatedly with a knife. She was lying in her front garden bleeding very heavily. Her hands had almost been cut off.It was John's quick action and knowledge of first aid that saved Ms Slade's life. He immediately asked a number of nearby people for bandages, but when nobody could put their hands on any, his father got some tea towels and tape from their house. John used these to treat the most severe injuries to Ms Slade's hands. He slowed the bleeding by applying pressure to the wounds until the police and ambulance arrived."I'm proud of what I did but I was just doing what I'd been taught," John said.John had taken part in the Young Lifesaver Scheme at his high school. When congratulating John, Mr Alan Southerton, Director of the Young Lifesaver Scheme said, "There is no doubt that John's quick thinking and the first aid skills he learned at school saved Ms Slade's life. It shows that a knowledge of first aid can make a real difference." Before receiving their awards last night, John and the nine other Life Savers attended a special reception yesterday hosted by the Prime Minister.。

必修五unit4课文解析+知识点归纳

4. concentrate vt. 集中; 聚集 concentration n. 专心；聚集
concentrate on (doing) sth 专注于（做）某事
concentrate one’s effort/attention on sth 集中力量/注意力于某事 eg: I can’t concentrate on my studies with all that noise going on.
the vase.
• Psychologists (心理学家们) will assess the child's behavior.
7. inform v formally tell someone sth. 通知 information n.信息，资讯
inform somebody of sth keep sb informed of sth • Please inform us of any change of your address.
8. deadline n a date or time by which you have to do or complete something deadline for …的期限
• The deadline for applications is May 27th. meet the deadline
I can think of the cases ___ students know a lot of English words but can’t write atricles.
A which B as C where D why
in case +句子以防；可能；
in case of +名词. 万一出现

必修五-unit-4-课文详解

必修5 Unit 4 Making the news>II. Reading MY FIRST WORK ASSIGNMENT我的第一份工作"Unforgettable", says new journalist令人难忘Never will Zhou Yang (ZY) forget his first assignment at the office of a popular English newspaper.周扬永远不会忘记他在一家通俗英语报社办公室的第一份任务。

His discussion with his new boss, Hu Xin (HX), was to strongly influence his life as a journalist.他与新老板胡新的讨论一定会对他作为记者的一生产生强烈的影响。

【注释：be to influence一定会影响; be to do…表示“注定、一定”，如：If you have no self-confidence, failure is to be following with you.如果你缺乏自信，失败就总会跟随着你。

】HX: Welcome.欢迎，欢迎。

We're delighted you're coming to work with us.很高兴你来和我们一起工作。

Your first job here will be an assistant journalist.你的第一份工作是做一名助理记者。

Do you have any questions有问题吗ZY: Can I go out on a story immediately我可以立即进行采访吗【注释：go out on a story外出去采访；go on a visit去参观；go on a vacation去度假；go on a trip/journey/ voyage去旅行/航行；go on with sth. = go on doing sth.继续干某事；go on to do sth.接着做（另一件）事；go on继续（前行），发生；例如：1) After leaving college she went on a secretarial course.她从学院毕业以后又学习秘书课程。

必修五 Unit 4 Learning about language解析

eager
not get absorbed untrained not interested
professional concentrate on deliberately
didn’t do anything wrong defend … against
lose light
accuse…of… thorough
guilty acquire
Complete Sentence B using a word or phrase from the reading passage which has the opposite meaning to the words underlined in Sentence A. 1. A. By accident she broke that
前完成这项工作? The deadline for making an application is next Friday.
申请于下星期五截止。
set a deadline for extend the deadline
My boss set a deadline for the project.
beautiful bowl. B. She _d_e_li_b_e_r_a_t_el_y_ broke that
beautiful bowl.
2. A. He did not steal the vase so he didn’t do anything wrong.
B. He did steal the vase so he is _g_u_il_ty_. 3. A. She does not get absorbed in her
Meaning

高中英语必修五unit课文详解

必修五Unit 1 Great Scientists 伟大的科学家steam engine 蒸汽机characteristic n.特征；特性radium n.镭put forward 提出theory n;理论；学说infect vt.传染；感染infectious adj.传染的cholera n.霍乱scientific adj.科学的examine vt.检查；诊察；考察conclude vt. & vi.结束；结论；议定conclusion n.结论；结束；议定draw a conclusion得出结论analyse vt.分析repeat vi & vt.重复；重做n. defeat vt. N.打败；战胜；使受挫attend vt.照顾；护理；出席；参加expose vt.与to连用暴露；揭露；使曝光deadly adj.致命的cure n. vt.治愈；痊愈；治疗outbreak n.爆发；发作疾病或战争control vt.& n.控制；支配absorb vt.吸收；使专心severe adj.严重的；严厉的；严格的；剧烈的valuable adj.贵重的；有价值的clue n.线索；提示pump n.泵；抽水机pub n.酒馆；酒吧blame vt.责备；谴责；把…归咎于；n.过失；责备immediately adv.立即；马上handle n.柄；把手；vt.处理germ n.微生物；细菌addition n.加；增加；加法in addition也；另外link vt.连接；联系n.联系；环link…to…将…和…连接或联系起来announce vt.宣布；通告certainty n.确知；确信；确实instruct vt.命令；指示；教导virus n.病毒construction n.建设；结构；建筑物apart from 除…之外；此外creative adj.有创造力的；独创的co-operative adj.合作的positive adj.积极的；肯定的be strict with对…严格的revolutionary adj.革命的calculation n.计算；计算结果lead to通向；导致movement n;移动；运动；动作make sense有意义backward adv. & adj.向后地的；相反地的；退步地的loop n.圈；环complete adj.完整的；完成的privately adv.私下地；秘密地spin vi. & vt.使旋转；纺线brightness n.明亮；亮度；聪颖enthusiastic adj.热情的；热心的cautious adj.小心的；谨慎的reject vt.拒绝；不接受；丢弃point of view态度；观点；看法logical adj.和逻辑的；合乎常理的John Snow was a well-known doctor in London —so famous, indeed,that he attended Queen Victoria to ease the birth of her babies.约翰斯诺在伦敦是一位著名的医生,的确,如此出名以致于由他护理维多利亚女王生孩子;注释：attendv.出席；到场；注意；照看attend to处理；注意倾听；专心于；照料；attend school/class/ church/ a wedding/ a meeting/ a lecture/ a movie; attend on/ upon sb.伺候某人；照顾某人；eg. 1 I’ll attend to the matter.我来处理此事; 2 He was very tired after the longrun, and expected someboday to attend on him.长袍之后他感到非常疲劳,很想有个人来照顾自己一下;▲辨析：attend, join, join in, take part in 1 attend是正式用语,一般指参加会议、典礼、婚礼、葬礼及去听课、听报告等； 2 join指加入某党派、某组织、某社会团体以及参军等,如：He joined the football club two years ago. 3 join in通常指参加某种活动,尤其指其他人一起参加某项活动,如：I hope you’ll all join in the discussion. 4 take part in指参加群众性活动、会议、劳动、游行等,往往参加者持有积极地态度,并起到一定的作用,有时可与join in互换,如：Will you take part in the English evening试题：——Who is ______ the patient——Maybe his sister.A. taking careB. looking forC. joining inD. attending onBut he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera.但当他想到要帮助受霍乱侵扰的普通民众,他就感到受到激励或感受到神灵的召唤;注释：①inspire1影响或触动：eg. The falling leaves inspired her with sadness.落叶触动了她的伤感. 2 鼓励；激励eg. 1 inspire sb. with hope激起某人的希望 2 I was inspired to work harder than ever before.我受激励比以往任何时候都更加努力地工作; ②expose to使易受；使受eg. exposed themselves to disease使他们受到疾病的影响；exposed their children to classical music. 使他们的孩子们受到古典音乐的影响; 考题：1. As we all know,women do not________their faces in public in some Middle Eastern countries.A．cover B．keep C．expose D．protect2．The more one is________the Englishspeaking environment,the better he or she will learn the language. A．exposed to B．filled in C．caught on D．kept up3．The reason why people carry umbrellas in hot summer days is that ____ to strong sunlight may be harmful to the skin.A．contributing B．exposing C．contributed D．being exposedThis was the most deadly disease of its day. 这在当时是最为致命的疾病;注释：deadly adj. 致命的；死一般的；绝对的；完全的如：deadly weapons致命武器；a deadly pallor.死人般的苍白；deadly enemies.不共戴天的仇敌；：deadly concentration.绝对专心Neither its cause, nor its cure was understood.其原因及治疗方法都不为人知道;注释：neither和相关连词nor 连用,连接并列主语1、并列谓语2、并列宾语3 eg. 1Neither we nor they want it. 我们和他们都不要它;2 She neither called nor wrote. 她既没打电话也没写信来;3 I got neither the gift nor the card.我既没得到礼物,也没得到贺卡;考题：2008辽1. Bill wasn’t happy about the delay of the report by Jason,and _____.A．I was neither B．neither was I C．I was either D．either was I2. If Joe’s wife won’t go to the party,________.A．he will either B．neither will he C．he neither will D．either he willSo many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak.所以每当这种疾病爆发的时候,就有数以千计的感到恐惧的人死掉;注释：every time这是由名词词组充当连词,引导时间状语从句,类似这种用法的名词短语有：不定代词+time,如：any time; each time; 介词+time 如：by the time…；序数词+time,如：the first/last time…; the +瞬间名词,如：the minute, the moment, the instant “一…就…”；the +时间名词,如：the day, the night, the month, the time…eg. 1 She demands sweets from me every time/each time she sees me. 2 The truck will have arrived by the time you have all the things packed up. 3 The first time he did the experiment, he succeeded. 4 I’ll give him your message the minute/ the moment/ the instant he arrives. 5 He bought a computer the day/ the time he got his salary. 考题：1. Don’t stop________you meet with a word you don’t understand.A．at the time B．each time C．by the time D．Sometimes2. ________you talk with someone or write a message,you show your skills to others.A．At times B．Some time C．Every time D．The timeJohn Snow wanted to use his knowledge to help solve this problem.约翰斯诺想用他的知识来帮助解决这个问题; He knew it would never be controlled until its cause was found.他知道直到找到原因才能控制该疾病;He got interested in two theories explaining how cholera killed people.他对霍乱如何让人丧生的两种理论感兴趣;注释：explaining how cholera killed people是现在分词作定语,其逻辑主语是two theories. The first suggested that cholera multiplied in the air without reason. 第一种认为霍乱在空气中不合理地进行繁殖.注释：without reason没道理；不合理eg. Tom is a very clever boy, but he said that without reason.A cloud of dangerous gas would float around until it found its victims.一层危险的气体到处漂浮,直到它找到载体入侵对象;The second suggested that people absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals, from the stomach the disease attached the body quickly and soon the affected person was dead.第二种认为人们在吃饭的时候将这种疾病吸收到体内,然后,从胃里该疾病很快就攻击身体,很快被感染的人就会死掉;注释：absorb vt.1 To take in; assimilate:吸入；同化：They are immigrants who were absorbed into the social mainstream.他们是被社会的主流同化了的移民; 2 To endure; accommodate:忍耐；忍受eg. We couldn't absorb the additional hardships.我们不能忍受额外的困苦. 3吸引；使专心；使全神贯注eg. The writer was absorbed in his writing that he forgot to flick the ashes from his cigar.作家全神贯注地进行写作,忘了弹去雪茄烟的烟灰; be absorbed into被…吞并；兼并be absorbed in专心于；全神贯注于试题：1 She was so ____ in her job that she didn’t hear anybody knocking at the door. A. attracted B. absorbed C. drawn D. focused2. _______ in her new novel,the young writer kept thinking and writing for a dozen hours in her study. A．Having deeply absorbed B．Deeply absorbing C．Deeply having been absorbed D．Deeply absorbed He believed in the second theory but needed to prove he was correct.他相信第二种理论,可是需要证明是对的; So when another outbreak hit London in 1854, John Snow was ready to test these two theories.所以在1854年,当另一场霍乱爆发袭击伦敦的时候,约翰斯诺准备测试这两个理论;注释：hit 1打,击eg. 1 The boy hit the other boy and was naturally punished by the headmaster."这男孩打了另一个男孩,理所当然地受到校长的处罚; 2 受影响eg. 1 Price increases hit everyone's pocket.物价上涨冲击了每个人的钱袋; 2 Strike waves hit several Western European countries.罢工的浪潮袭击了好几个西欧国家;As the disease spread quickly through the poor neighbourhoods, John Snow began to gather the information.当疾病迅速在贫穷的邻里间传播的时候,约翰斯诺开始收集相关信息;注释：spread传开,传播：事件范围扩大,在更大的领域被人知晓或蔓延eg. 1 The word spread fast.消息散布得很快. 2 The fire spread from the factory to the houses near by.火从工厂蔓延到附近的房舍; He found that in two particular streets, the cholera outbreak was so severe that more than 500 people had died in 10 days.他发现在两个特别的街道,霍乱爆发的是如此严重,以致于在10天之内有500多人死亡; He determined to find out why.他决定搞清楚为什么; He marked on a map where all the dead people had lived.在一张地图上他标出了所有死亡人的居住地;注释：where all the dead people had lived是定语从句,由关系副词where引导;Here it is:这就是：The map gave a valuable clueabout the cause of the disease.这份地图提供了有关该疾病原因有价值的线索;Many of the deaths were near thewater pump in Broad Streetespecially numbers 16,37,38and 40Broad Street.许多死亡靠近宽街的水泵尤其是宽街第17、37、38和40号房子John Snow also saw that some housessuch as 20 and 21 Broad Street and 8and 9 Cambridge Street had had nodeaths. 约翰斯诺也注意到一些房子如宽街第20、21号和剑桥大街第8、9号房子,He discovered that these families worked in the pub at 7 Cambridge Street.他发现这些人家在剑桥大街7号酒店工作, They were given free beer and so had not drunk the water from the Broad Street pump.给他们提供的是免费的啤酒,所以他们不喝来自宽街水泵的水; It seemed the water was to blame.似乎水就是罪魁祸首;注释：blame 1起因是：是…起因或某事的根源的eg. 1 A freak storm was to blame for the power outage.停电的起因是一场特大暴风雪. 2 be to blame应受谴责eg. 1 The children were not to blame.孩子们不应受到谴责; 2 The driver was not to blame for the traffic accident.那次交通事故不应该责怪司机; 3 I am to blame.是我不好; 3blame sth. on sb. 将某事归咎于某人eg. Don't blame it on him, but on me.别怪他,该怪我; 4blame sb. for sth.因某事而指责某人eg. They blamed the secretary for the delay of the plan.他们怪罪秘书造成计划延误; ▲辨析：blame, fault, guilt 1 blame强调对某种可以解释的失误或不良行为的谴责或惩罚：eg. The police laid the blame for the accident squarely on the driver's shoulders. 警方公正地把事故的责任归于司机; 2 fault是指引起或没能阻止某有害事件发生而应承担的责任：eg. The student failed the examination, but not through any fault of his teacher. 这个学生考试不及格,但不是由于老师的过失; 3 guilt适用于情节严重、故意的不良行为并强调道德上的过失：eg. The case was dismissed because the prosecution did not have sufficient evidence of the defendant's guilt.案子被撤消了,因为指控对被告罪行没有足够的证据. 考题：1. They blamed the failure on ,he________.A．is not to blame B．is to blame C．is not to be blamed D．should not blame Next ,John Snow looked into the source of the water for these two streets.接下来,约翰斯诺调查这两条大街的水源; He found that it came from the river, which had been polluted by the dirty water from London.他发现水是来自已经北伦敦污染的河流;注释：which had been … London.是由which引导的非限制性定语从句,which指代前面主句中具体的名词the river,另外,which也可以指代抽象概念,如：He left early, which was wise.他早早地离开,那是很明智的; 考题：1. 09全II-17 My friend showed me around the town, ____ was very kind of him.A. whichB. thatC. whereD. it2. 09鲁-24 Whenever I met her, _____ was fairly often, she greeted me with a sweet smile.A. whoB. whichC. whenD. that3. 09辽-23 They’ve won their last three matches, _____ I find a bit surprising actually.A. thatB. whenC. whatD. which4. 08浙-8 Yesterday she sold her car, _____ she bought a month ago.A. whenB. whereC. thatD. which ABDDImmediately John Snow told the astonished people in Broad Street to remove the handle from the water pump so it could not be used.立刻,约翰斯诺要感到吃惊的宽街人移除水泵的把手,以使它不能再用; Soon the disease began to slow down.很快,疾病传播开始缓慢下来;John Snow had shown that cholera was spread by germs and not in a cloud of gas.约翰斯诺早已表明霍乱是由细菌传播,而不是由云气传播; In addition, he found two other deaths in another part of London that were linked to the Broad Street outbreak.另外,他发现在伦敦的另外一个地方的另外两例死亡与宽街霍乱爆发有关;注释：in addition副词短语,单独作状语,用于句首或句中,在句末相当于as well；in addition to介词短语,用在句首或句中,后须加宾语;如：1 When Diane fell, she hurt her arm and , in addition, broke her glasses. 2 In addition to a good diet, she keeps on taking exercise to keep fit. A woman, who had moved away from Broad Street, liked the water so much that she had had it delivered from the pump to her house every day.一位妇女,她已经离开宽街,但,她如此喜欢那里的水,以致于她每天让人从那个水泵里把水运到家;注释：have sth. done. 让人做某事;Have sth. to be done.指未来让某人做某事; have sb. do sth.让某人做某事; have sb. doing sth.让某人持续不停地做某事;Have sth. To do指自己有事要做; Both she and her daughter, who often visited her, died of cholera after drinking the water.她和她的女儿,她女儿常去看她,俩人在饮用了那里的水之后都死于霍乱; With this extra evidence, John Snow was able to announce with certainty that polluted water carried the disease.有了这个额外的证据,约翰斯诺就能够确切地宣布：被污染的河水含有这种疾病;To prevent this from happening again, John Snow suggested that the source of all water supplies should be examined and new methods of dealing with polluted water be found.为了避免这种疾病再次发生,约翰斯诺建议所有的水供应源都应该进行检查,也应该寻找新的处理污水的方法;The water companies were also instructed not to expose people to pulluted water anymore.指示自来水公司不要让人再接触到受污染的水;Finally “King Cholera” was defeated.最终,“霍乱王”被击败了;▲辨析：win,beat,defeat 1 win 的意思是“赢”、“获胜”、“得到成功”,作及物动词时,它的宾语往往是奖品、奖学金、名誉、财产、战争或运动等;win后不能接人对手,如不说win sb.; win the race/the battle/the war/a prize/the game/a medal/success/friendship/reward赢得了赛跑/战斗/战争/奖品/比赛/奖牌/成功/友谊/奖赏Our team won the game 8 to 7.我们队以8比7赢了那场比赛;2beat也有“赢”、“取胜”、“战胜”之意,但跟win的用法不同,这个动词后面跟的是比赛、竞争中的对手或战争中的敌人;且beat还有连续敲打,心脏跳动之意;过去式为beat,过去分词为beaten;You beat me in the race,but I’ll beat you at tennis.赛跑你赢了我,但打网球我会赢你;He was so nervous that he could feel his heart beating faster.他如此紧张,以至于能感到自己的心跳加快了; ListenThe rain is beating against the window.听雨点在敲打着窗户;3 defeat本来用于描述战争中打败敌人,现在可与beat换用,以表示击败对手;He was badly defeated/beaten in the election.他在选举中惨败;考题：Zhang Yining________Wang Nan and won the gold medal in the 29th Olympic Games.A．won B．defeat C．beat D．hit重点句型：1．Neither its cause nor its cure was understood.精提取neither...nor...既不……,也不……,连接句中两个相同成分;巧应用我既不想知道,也不关心;Neither do I want to know it,____ ____ _____ ____ ____ _____. 答案：nor do I care about it 2．So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak.精提取everyeach,any,next,first,lasttime作连词使用,引导时间状语从句;巧应用杰克每次来城里都会来看望我;Jack ___ ___ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ he comes to town. 答案：will drop in on me every time 3．The first suggested that cholera multiplied in the air.精提取suggest vt.暗示,表明了巧应用他脸上的表情说明他非常高兴;The look on his face ____ ____ ____ _____ _____. 答案：suggested that he was happy 4．Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense.精提取only＋介词短语/状语从句/副词放在句首时后面主句用倒装语序;巧应用我只有找到工作才能有足够的钱继续大学的学业;___ ___ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ _____to continue my studies at college.答案：Only if I get a job can I have enough money常备动词短语：1. put forward提出,建议；推荐；将……提前；put aside节省,储蓄,储存; put out熄灭,扑灭put away放好,积蓄；put off延期,推迟；put up举起,张贴,公布,挂起,建造试题：—Why is he feeling down today—Because the suggestion he________has been turned down.A．put away B．put up C．put down D．put forward2. look into注视…的内部,注视；调查；look after照看,照管；look down upon看不起look forward to盼望；look out注意；look up to尊重试题：2009赣It is reported that the police will soon ____ the case of the two missing children.A．look upon B．look after C．look into D．look outThe building around the corner caught fire last police are now ______ the matter.A．seeing through B．working out C．looking into D．watching over3. make sense有意义；有道理；讲得通；make sense of理解,明白; make no sense没道理,没意义；there is no sense in doing sth.做……没道理; in a sense在某一方面；就某种意义来说；in no sense决不试题：There are so many new words in the passage that I could hardly make any _____ of them at all. A．meaning B．use C．idea D．senseNo matter how hard I tried to read it,the sentence didn’t________to me.A．make out B．understand C．make sense D．work outIt doesn’t make ____ to buy that expensive coat when these cheaper ones are just as good. A．sense B．opinion C．use D．Difference每日一背范文：2009年高考全国卷Ⅰ假定你是李华,正在英国接受英语培训,住在一户英国人家里;今天你的房东不在家,你准备外出,请给写一留言条,内容包括：1．外出购物；2．替房东还书；3．Tracy来电话留言：1咖啡屋Bolton Coffee见面取消2此事已告知Susan3尽快回电注意：1.词数100左右；2．可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;,______________________________________________________________________________ __Li Hua范文：,I’m going out shopping,and won’t be back until about 5∶00 p．m..I have taken with me the two books you asked me to return to the City about 1 o’clock this afternoon,Tracy called,saying that she couldn’t meet you at Bolton Coffee tomorrow morning as she has something important to attend felt very sorry about that,but said that you could set some other time for the wanted you to call her back as soon as you are has already told Susan about this change.Li Hua。

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