九年级英语中考定语从句专项详解巧练

定语从句专项详解巧练

1.定语从句的概念：在复合句中，用来修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。被定语从句修饰的名词

或代词叫做先行词，定语从句必须放在先行词之后，对先行词起修饰限定作用。

e.g. He is the man who I want to see.

先行词关系词定语从句

2.定语从句的引导词：

定语从句的引导词有关系代词that, which, who (whom, whose)和关系副词where, when, why两种，关系代词和关系副词放在先行词和定语从句之间，起联系作用，同时又在定语从句中充当一定成分。

3.关系代词引导的定语从句：

①如果先行词是表示人的名词或代词，关系代词应用who (whom, whose) 和that。

e.g. This is Xiao Wang who / that gave us a talk yesterday. (who / that在从句中作主

语)

这就是昨天给我们作报告的小王。

The man whom / that you saw last week has left the town. (whom / that在从句中作宾语)

上周你看见的那个人已离开了城镇。

I know the woman whose husband is a doctor. (whose在从句中作定语)

我认识的那个妇女，她的丈夫是个医生。

②如果先行词是表示物的名词或代词时，则用which或that。

e.g. Guilin is a city which / that has a history of 2000 years. (which / that在从句子

中作主语)

桂林是座具有2000年历史的城市。

The mooncakes which / that mother cooked taste nice. (which / that在从句中作宾语)

妈妈做的月饼很好吃。

4.关系代词引导定语从句应该注意的几个方面：

①关系代词在从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词用单数还是复数应由先行词决定。

e.g. The man who lives downstairs speaks English well.

住在楼下的那个人英语说得很好。

The students who are in Grade Three are going to climb the hill tomorrow.

3年级的学生明天去爬山。

②当关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时，往往可以省略。

e.g. Mrs. Smith (whom) you met yesterday is a friend of mine.

你昨天碰见的那位史密斯夫人是我的一位朋友。

This is the book (which) you are looking for.

这是那本你正在找的书。

There are some films (that)I’d like to see. 有几部电影我想去看。

③口语中作为宾语的关系代词whom也可用who，且也可以省略。

e.g. The man (whom / who) you were talking about has come to our school.

你们刚才在谈论的那个人已经来到我们学校。

④关系代词在从句中作介词宾语时，介词可以放在whom, which之前（不可放在that之前）

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e.g. The man (whom) I borrowed the book from is Li Lei.

→ The man from whom I borrowed the book is Li Lei.

我借书的那个人是李雷。

The house (which) he lives in is quite large.

→ The house in which he lives is quite large.

他住的房子很大。

应注意，如果介词位于关系代词之前，关系代词不可省略，另外，若定语从句中谓语动词是固定搭配的词组，则其后的介词或副词不可前移至关系代词之前。

e.g. The dictionary which you are looking for is on the desk. 你在寻找的那本词典在

桌子上。

The sick man whom she is taking care of is her farther. 她在照顾的病人是她父亲。

5.关系代词只能用that的几种情况：(只作了解)

①当先行词是everything, anything, nothing, none, the one (something除外) 等不定代词时。

e.g. I had to remember everything that the teacher taught me. 我必须记住老师教给我的一切知识。

②先行词被序数词或the last修饰时。

e.g. He was the first student that got to school today. 他是今天第一个到学校的学生。

③先行词是或被all, no, some, any, little, much, few等修饰时。

e.g. I have done all that he told us to do. 我已完成了他让我做的一切。

④先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。

e.g. He worked out the most difficult problem that I had seen. 他解答出我所见过最难的题目。

⑤先行词被the very, the only, the same修饰时。