高密度城市社区公共空间的初步研究

湖北工业大学

硕士学位论文

高密度城市社区公共空间的初步研究

姓名：朱雯

申请学位级别：硕士

专业：设计艺术学

指导教师：张葳

20100501

摘要

随着人口大幅度增长、土地开发的过度，居住形式从传统开放式的自然住屋形式演变为高度密集的社区公寓楼，虽然城区人居环境和各种物质条件都有显著地提高，但城市机理、人文环境遭到了大量的破坏，居民的交往逐渐淡漠，相互间的了解越来越少，交往危机的出现，激起了很多社会问题，也引起了强烈的反应。如何促进人们的交往呢？本文就现阶段社区的公共空间为研究对象，以研究“人们居住范围内促进居民间的交往”为目的,尝试对社区公共空间进行分析与讨论。

论文的理论研究主要放在激发交往的社区公共空间的设计原则上，结合心理学、景观规划等。首先，从发展的角度探讨了居住模式及其公共空间的演变，根据我国现阶段国情，提出了高密度社区公共空间的问题。其次对社区公共空间的空间形式和层次进行了分类，从三个层面提出设计的原则——与心理方面相关的“整体性”、“人性化”、“多元化”原则；与景观规划方面相关的物质完善原则；与前期相关的主观人为因素原则。

论文在实践研究方面，重点将社区公共空间分为五个子空间——边界空间、广场空间、庭院空间、道路空间、剩余空间。结合前面提出的有利于激发社区公共空间交往的原则作指导，再对各空间下的“节点”进行仔细分析，进行完善，为现实生活中实际案例，给予一定的可实施的建议。最后，把模糊的书面理论进行具体化，对在社区公共空间中如何有利于人际的交往做全面的解析。

关键词：社区，公共空间，交往，高密度

Abstract

With the significant population growth, over land development, the living forms evolved from the natural huts of traditional open-ended form to the high-density apartment buildings. Although the urban living environment and material conditions have significantly improved, the urban mechanism of human environment has been damaged greatly. The communication and exchanges among residents gradually faded, and their mutual understanding become less and less. The communication not only provoked a lot of social problems, but also aroused a strong reaction. How to promote communication and exchanges between the people? This paper take the current public space of community as the research object in order to study the promotion of communication and exchanges among people living within the residential areas, and try to make analysis and discussion of the public space for community.

Theoretical research of this paper is mainly on the design principles of stimulating communication and exchanges in the public space of communities, combined with psychology, landscape planning and other related disciplines. Firstly, discuss the settlement patterns and the evolution of public space,from the development perspective, rise the problem of high-density community public space according to our current national conditions, and classify the public space by spatial forms and different levels, then put forward design principles in three dimensions, such as "holistic", "humanity",and "multiple", all of these are related to psychological aspects, and material completion principles related to the landscape, and subjective factors principles related to the previous design.

In the aspect of practical research, this paper put its focus on the division of community public space, divides it into five sub-space: the border space, plaza space, garden space, road space, the remaining space. Combination the previous principles of stimulating communication and exchanges in the public space of communities,the paper makes a careful analysis to the "nodes" under various space, and tries to improve it in order to give practical suggestion to the real-life practical examples. Finally, the paper makes a specific explaination to the written theory and does a comprehensive analysis to how public space is conducive to interpersonal exchanges.

Keywords：community, public space, communication, height