硕士学位英语考试试题

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研究生学位英语真题

Part I Listening Comprehension (25minutes, 20points)Section A (1Point each)1. A. He doesn't like classic music. B. He feels sorry to decline the offerC. He is eager to go to the concert.D. He hasn't got a ticket yet.2. A. At the garage. B. At the restaurant. C. At the supermarket. D. At the office.3. A. Tony doesn't always listen. B. Tony has hearing problems.C. It's unusual that Tony missed the interviewD. Tony often forgets himself.4. A. The weather is generally cooler and drier. B. The weather is generally warmer and wetter.C. The weather is moderately hot.D. The weather is usually changeable.5. A. A doctor. B. An operator, C. A nurse. D. A dentist.6. A. $ B. $ C. $ D. $7. A. He had something wrong with his watch. B. He thought the meeting was for a differentday. 8. A. He didn't attend Professor Smith's class last time.B. He thinks the class will meet as scheduled.C. The woman should pose a more serious question.D. Professor Smith often cancels classes for the long weekend.9. A. The woman does not drink beer. B. It was not the woman's coat.C. The woman just had her coat cleaned.D. The woman is not angry with the man.Section B ( 1 point each)10. A. 850,000 children, around two percent, are currently learning at homeB. School system provides teachers for homeschooling.C. All the states in the U.S. permit homeschooling.D. Homeschooled children are never expected to go to college.11. A. Because their children do not like attending schools.B. Because they love their children too much to send them away from homeC. Because homeschooling provides more time for the family to be together.D. Because they are able to help their kids to learn more social skills.12. A. A variety of honeybee. B. A geographic magazine.C. A National Home School Honor SocietyD. A national top competition.13. A. Importance of biodiversity. B. Protection of wild species.C. Farm pollution.D. Agricultural methods.14. A. Rice, maize, potato and wheat. B. Corn, bean, rice and wheat.C. Potato, maize, bean and rice.D. Rice, corn, wheat and sweet potato15. A. They can harm wetlands, rivers and other environments needed to support lifeB. They can destroy crops, native species and property.C. They spread in areas they are not native to with natural controls.D. They hardly survive different conditions.Section C ( 1 point each)Lecture Topic: Getting a good night ’s sleep16. There are several ___________ drugs available to help people sleep.If you don’t to use drugs, there are some things you can do on your own to help get a goodwant night’s 17. 1)___________________________________________sleep:C. His oral presentation was not well-prepared.D. He was not paying attention to the time.18. 2)___________________________________________19. 3)___________________________________________20. 4)___________________________________________PART II VOCABULARY (10 minutes, 10 points )Section A point each )21. Nothing can be more absurd than to say that human beings are doomed.A. compellingB. rationalC. ridiculousD. ambiguous22. The Chinese government continues to uphold the principle of peaceful co-existence.A. supportB. restrictC. raiseD. modify23. Patients are expected to comply with doctors' instructions for quick recovery.A. improve onB. abide byC. draw uponD. reflect on24.Scientists have achieved findings substantial enough to remove our fear of GM foods.A. abundantB. controversialC. conduciveD. convincing25. Those students who have made adequate preparations for the test will be better off.A. more wealthyB. less successfulC. dismissed earlierD. favorably positioned26. If you hold on to a winning attitude, you'll make a greater effort and also create positive momentum.A. influenceB. strengthC. outlookD. consequence27.Academic integrity is deemed essential to those devoted to scientific researches.A. believedB. discardedC. advocatedD. confirmed28. Customers in these markets of antiques are good at slashing prices.A. assessingB. cuttingC. elevatingD. altering29. The public attached great importance to the news that prices of housing would be brought under control.A. joinedB. ascribedC. fastenedD. diverted30. Thousands of people left their rural homes and flocked into the cities to live beside the new factories.A. dashedB. filedC. strolledD. swarmedSection B point each)dull life, the full-time mom decided to find a part-time job.A. Tied up withB. Fed up withC. Wrapped up inD. Piled up with32. In the letter, my friend said that he would love to have me as a guest in his _____ home.A. humbleB. obscureC. inferiorD. lower33. Tom is sick of city life, so he buys some land in Alaska, as far from ________ as possible.A. humidityB. humanityC. harmonyD. honesty34. As an important _______ for our emotions and ideas, music can play a huge role in our life.A. vesselB. vestC. ventureD. vehicle35. The day is past when the country can afford to give high school diploma to all who ___six years of instruction.A. set aboutB. run forC. sit throughD. make for36. The wages of manual laborers stay painfully low, meaning digitalization could drive an even deeper______between the rich and poor.A. boundaryB. differenceC. wedgeD. variation37. A farmer must learn the kinds of crops best ____ the soils on his farm.A. accustomed toB. committed toC. applied toD. suited to38. The sun is so large that if it were ______, it would hold a million earths.A. elegantB. immenseC. hollowD. clumsy39. This patient's life could be saved only by a major operation. That would _____ her to a high risk.A. exposeB. leadC. contributeD. send40. It takes a year for the earth to make each ________, or revolution, around the sun.A. tourB. travelC. visitD. tripPART III CLOZE TEST (10 minutes, 10 points, 1 point each)Harvard University's under-graduate education is being reformed so that it includes some time spent outside the US and more science courses, the US Cable News Network (CNN) has reported. For the first time in 30 years, Harvard is 41 its under-graduate curriculum. William Kirby, dean of the faculty of arts and sciences, said this 42 what many people had said that Harvard's curriculum did not provide enough choice and encourage premature specialization."Harvard needs to 43 its education for a world where global connections, cross disciplinary research, and science in general are ever more important," said Kirby.Particularly 44is the idea that students need to spend time overseas,either in a traditional study-abroad program or over a summer, perhaps doing an internship or research.Students can either find the program themselves or 45 some exchange programs offered by the university." 46 studying Chinese history without leaving the university, students interested in the subject should be spending a semester at a university in China."It was also recommended that Harvard 47 its required "core curriculum". The core curriculum was an effort created in 1978 to broaden education by requiring students to choose from a list of courses in several areas of study. Classes often focused on a highly 48 topic and emphasized "ways of knowing".Under a new plan,the curriculum would be replaced with a set of 49"Harvard College Courses", emphasizing knowledge over methodology and 50 wider territory. A life sciences course, for example, might combine molecular and evolutionary biology and psychology, rather than focusing on one of those, said Benedict Gross,Harvard College dean.41. A. inspecting B. reviewing C. searching D. underlying42. A. in accordance with B. in line with C. in charge of D. in response to43. A. update B. uphold C. upset D. upward44. A. trust-worthy B. note-worthy C. praise-worthy D. reward-worthy45. A. turn out B. turn in C. turn to D. turn over46. A. In spite of B. As if C. Let alone D. Rather than47. A. perish B. destroy C. abolish D. denounce48. A. appropriate B. imaginative C. special D. specific49. A. optical B. optional C. opposite D. optimistic50. A. sparing B. spiraling C. spanning D. sparklingPART IV READING COMPREHENSION (45 minutes, 30 points, 1 point each)Passage OneA report published recently brings bad news about air pollution.It suggests that it could be as damaging to our health as exposure to the radiation from the 1986 Ukraine nuclear power disaster. The report was published by the UK Royal Commission on Environmental Pollution. But what can city people doto reduce exposure to air pollution.' Quite a lot, it turns out.Avoid walking in busy streets. Choose side streets and parks instead. Pollution levels can fall a considerable amount just by moving a few meters away from the main pollution source--exhaust fumes( 烟气). Also don't walk behind smokers. Walk on the windward side of the street where exposure to pollutantscan be 50 percent less than on the downwind side.Sitting on the driver's side of a bus can increase your exposure by 10 percent, compared with sitting on the side nearest the pavement. Sitting upstairs on a double-decker can reduce exposure. It is difficult to say whether traveling on an underground train is better or worse than taking the bus. Air pollution on underground trains tends to be, less toxic than that at street level, because underground pollution is mostly made up of tiny iron particles thrown up by wheels hitting the rails. But diesel and petrol fumes have a mixture of pollutants.When you are crossing a road, stand well back from the curb while you wait for the light to change. Every meter really does count when you are close to traffic. As the traffic begins to move, fumes can be reduced in just a few seconds. So holding your breath for just a moment can make a difference, even though it might sound silly.There are large sudden pollution increases during rush hours. Pollution levels fall during nighttime. The time of year also makes a big difference. Pollution levels tend to be at their lowest during spring and autumn when winds are freshest. Extreme cold or hot weather has a trapping effect and tends to causea build-up of pollutants.51. What is the passage mainly aboutA. How to fight air pollution in big cities.B. How to avoid air pollution in big cities.C. How to breathe fresh air in big cities.D. How serious air pollution is in big cities.52. According to the report, air pollution in big cities __________.A.can be more serious than Chernobyl nuclear disasterB.cannot be compared with the disaster in ChernobylC.can release as damaging radiation as the Chernobyl disasterD. can be more serious than we used to think53. When you walk in a busy street, you should walk on the side ___________.A. where the wind is comingB. where the wind is goingC. where the wind is weakerD. where the wind is stronger54. If you take a bus in a big city in China, you should sit _________.A. on the left side in the busB. on the right side in the busC. in the middle of the busD. at the back of the bus55. It is implied in the passage that ________.A.people should not take street level transportationB.tiny iron particles will not cause health problemsC.air pollution on an underground train is less poisonousD. traveling on an underground train is better than taking the bus56. While waiting to cross a busy street, you should ___________.A. wait a few seconds until the fumes reduceB. stay away from the traffic as far as possibleC. hold your breath until you get to the other side of the streetD. count down for the light to changePassage TwoGlobal warming poses a threat to the earth, but humans can probably ease the climate threats brought on by rising levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, global climate specialist Richard Alley told an audience at the University of Vermont. Alley said his research in Greenland suggested that subtle changes in atmospheric patterns leave parts of the globe susceptible to abrupt and dramatic climate shifts that can last decades or centuries.Almost all scientists agree that increasing levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere created as humans burn fossil fuel is warming the planet. How to respond to the warming is a matter of intense political, scientific and economic debate worldwide.Alley said he was upbeat about global warming because enough clever people existed in the world to find other reliable energy sources besides fossil fuels. He said people can get rich finding marketable alternatives to fossil fuel. "Wouldn't it be useful if the United States were to have a piece of the action. Wouldn't it be useful if some bright students from University of Vermont were to have a piece of the action," Alley said.Alley said that Europe and parts of eastern North America could in a matter of a few years revertto a cold,windy region,like the weather in Siberia.Such shifts have occurred frequently over the millennia, Alley's research shows. A gradual change in atmospheric temperature, such as global warming, could push the climate to a threshold where such a shift suddenly occurs, he said.Alley told his audience of about 200 people in a University of Vermont lecture hall Wednesday evening that he couldn't predict if, when or where sudden shifts toward cold, heat, drought or water could occur under global warming,but it is something everyone should consider."This is not the biggest problem in the world. The biggest problem in the world is getting along with each other. But it's part of that because we're not going to get along with each other if we're not getting along with the planet," Alley said.57. According to Ally the climate threats to the earth brought by global warming _________.A. can be easedB. can be endedC. will become worseD. will last for decades58. Ally's research shows that dramatic climate changes may be caused by ___________.A.abrupt changes in atmospheric patternsB.subtle changes in atmospheric patternsC. humans' burning of fossil fuelD.increasing levels of carbon dioxide59. The word "upbeat" (in Paragraph 3) probably means __________.A. pessimisticB. optimisticC. worriedD. insensible60. What does Ally suggest people do in order to reduce global warmingA. To find other energy sources besides fossil fuels.B. To start a political, scientific and economic debate.C. To take action to burn no fossil fuels.D. To call on people worldwide to protect our earth.61. Alley predicts that global warming could turn Europe and parts of eastern North America into______.A. a region like SiberiaB. a warmer and warmer placeC. a tropical regionD. a place like North Pole62. Ally thinks the biggest problem in the world isA. lack of harmonyB. violenceC. global warmingD. climate shiftPassage ThreeWe're talking about money here, and the things you buy with it--and about what attitude we should take to spending.Across most of history and in most cultures, there has been a general agreement that we should work hard, save for the future and spend no more than we can afford. It's nice to have a comfortable life right now, but it is best to think of the future. Yet economists have long known that things don't work out that way. They point to an idea called the "paradox of thrift." Imagine you are the owner of a big business making consumer goods. You want your own staff to work hard and save their money. That way, you don't have to pay them as much. But you want everybody else to spend all the money they can. That way you make bigger profits.It's a problem on a global scale. Many people in the UK and the United States are worried about levels of personal debt. Yet if people suddenly stopped buying things and started paying back what they owe to credit card companies, all the economies of the Western world would collapse. The banks would be happy, but everybody else would be in trouble.Traditionally, economists have believed that spending money is about making rational choices. People buy things to make their life better in some way. But in recent years, they have noticed that people often do not actually behave in that way. We all know people who take pleasure in buying useless things. And there are many people around who won't buy things that they need.In a recent series of experiments, scientists at Stanford University in the US confirmed something that many people have long suspected. People spend money because the act of buying gives them pleasure. And they refuse to spend when it causes them pain. The scientists discovered that different areas of the brain that anticipate pleasure and pain become more active when we are making a decision to buy things. People who spend a lot have their pleasure centers stimulated. People who like to save find buying things painful.If you think you really want that product because it's beautiful or useful, you are wrong, say the scientists. The desire to buy something is a product of the reaction between chemicals released by different parts of the brain when the eyes see a product.63. Across most of history and in most cultures, people are advised to _____________.A. enjoy their present life as much as possibleB. spend every penny they have earnedC. save every penny for the futureD. save some money for later use64. According to the context, "paradox" (in Paragraph 2) probably means “__________ ”.A. contradictionB. hypothesisC. declarationD. assertion65. It is implied that many people in the UK and the United StatesA. have to work hard to make ends meetB. spend more than they can affordC. have trouble in paying back their debtsD. don't pay back their debts on time66. According to the resent studies made by economists, people__________.A. take pleasure in buying useless thingsB. won't buy things that they need.C. spend their money irrationallyD. make rational choices while spending their money67.It has been proved by the scientists at Stanford University that some people like to save moneybecause_____.A.they like keeping their money in the bankB.they will feel safe if they save enough money for the futureC.they don't want to spend their money on useless thingsD.spending money gives them pain68. The passage mainly tells us_________.A. how to spend our moneyB.it is better to save some money for the futureC.it is the chemicals released from the brain that decide our spendingD.how to form a habit of rational spendingPassage FourTrees are good.Good enough to hug.Planting trees will make the world cooler than it would otherwise be.This is the subject of a newly published study by Govindasamy Bala,of the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory,in California,and his colleagues.Dr Bala has found,rather counter-intuitively,that removing all of the world's trees might actually cool the planet down.The reason for this is that trees affect the world's temperature by means other than the carbon they take in.For instance forests remain quite a dark shade even after a snowstorm.They are certainly darker than grasslands,and thus they can absorb more of the sun's heat than vegetation which might otherwise cover the same stretch of land.That warms things up.Dr Bala and his colleagues took such effects into account using a computer model called the Integrated Climate and Carbon Model.Unlike most climate-change models,which calculate how the Earth should absorb and radiate heat in response to a list of greenhouse-gas concentrations,this one has many subsections that represent how the carbon cycle works,and how it influences the climate.Overall,Dr Bala's model suggests that complete deforestation would cause an additional C temperature rise compared with business as usual,because of the higher carbon-dioxide levels that would result.However,the additional reflectivity of the planet would cause C of cooling. A treeless world would thus be C cooler than otherwise.No one,of course,would consider chopping down the world's forests to keep the planet cool.But having made their point,Dr Bala and his colleagues then went on to look at forest growth and loss at different latitudes.Planting trees in convenient places such as Europe and North America may actually be counterproductive.In Russia and Canada,cutting trees down led mostly to local cooling.The carbon dioxide this released into the atmosphere,though,warmed the world all over.Around the equator,by contrast,warming acted locally (as well as globally),so a tropical country would experience warming created by cutting down trees.The results follow increasing criticism from climate scientists of the benefits of forestry schemes to offset carbon emissions.Planting trees to neutralise carbon emissions has become a big business:£60m worth of trees have been bought this year, up from £20m in 2005. By 2010 the market is expected to reach £300m.69.According to the passage,trees make the world warmer because of their _________.A. deep colorB. round shapeC. enormous sizeD. high reflectivity70. Dr Bala's Integrated Climate and Carbon Model____________.A.supports the findings of other climate modelsB.is based on the results of other climate modelses a system different from other climate modelsD.challenges the basic theory of other climate models71. Based on Dr Bala's model, a treeless world would__________.A.cause serious environmental problemsB.prove helpful in fighting global warmingC. make it difficult to deal with climate changeD.raise carbon dioxide levels and global temperature72. According to Dr Bala, the best places to plant trees would be__________.A. North AmericaB. EuropeC. High-latitude countries.D. tropical countries73. As is shown in the passage, criticism from other climate scientists__________.A. should be taken rather seriouslyB. is unreasonable and far-fetchedC. involves mostly economic interestsD. is voiced on behalf of the government74. The best title for the passage is____________.A. Should Green Trees Be Left AloneB. Why Green Trees Might Not Be GreenC. How to Help Green Trees SurviveD. How to Go Green with Green TreesPassage FiveThe patient needed a spinal tap, and a senior attending physician asked a medical resident whether a preparatory blood test had been checked.The medical student was stunned to hear him answer in the affirmative,because she was quite certain it had not been checked.Well,almost certain.Doctors in training sometimes confront situations in which they worry that their supervising physicians are making mistakes or bending the truth. Yet even though such acts can jeopardize patients, the inclination and ability of young doctors to speak up is hampered by the hierarchies in teaching hospitals.On the top were the senior physicians who made rounds on the wards once or twice daily. Next were the overworked residents, who essentially lived in the hospital while training. Last were the medical students who were most assuredly at the bottom of the heap.The student whose resident seemingly lied to the attending physician about the blood test did not speak up. The resident was a good doctor, she said, and so she had given him the benefit of the doubt. And, she added, both the resident and the attending physician would be grading her.What should a medical student do in such a situation One possibility is to take the matter up with a more senior doctor. Or the student might go directly to the patient or family, telling them that the physicians have a genuine disagreement and that they deserve to know about it.These options seem logical on paper. As the ethicist James Dwyer has written in The Hastings Center Report, "The practice of always keeping quiet is a failure of caring." But in the real world, it may be extremely difficult to go up the chain of command.Fortunately, medical educators are increasingly recognizing the dilemmas that doctors in training confront when they witness behavior that makes them uncomfortable. Students and residents are now expected to provide routine feedback -- positive and negative -- about their supervising physicians at the closeof their rotation.Of course, physicians and students need to be educated about how to give feedback in professional and nonconfrontational ways. Medical educators are only now beginning to teach this skill. Still, it will be hard to change the unfortunate perception that constructive feedback, even for a patient's benefit, is whistle-blowing.75. As mentioned in the passage, the hospital hierarchy______________.A. is useful to the people on the lower layerB. is built on a performance-reward systemC. is a barrier to the exchange of medical viewsD.is an effective way of teaching medical students76. "the benefit of the doubt" in Paragraph 5 shows that_________________.A. the student was not quite certain that she was rightB. the resident did not respond to the student's doubtC. the student was denied the chance to doubt the superiorD.the resident benefited from the student's suggestion77. James Dwyer's words mean that___________.A.students should learn to speak both kindly and professionallyB.students should challenge the superior for the benefit of patientsC.students should retain their faith even after facing some difficultiesD.students should be educated on how to care more about the patients78. What is the attitude of medical educators toward teaching students to give feedbackA. Confused.B. Indifferent.C. Reluctant.D. Enthusiastic.79. The author tends to believe that the problem faced by medical studentsA. will remain for a long timeB. will disappear in the near futureC. should not be exaggeratedD. cannot be solved successfully80. The passage focuses on_____________.A.the development of teaching hospitals'hierarchiesB.the different roles in teaching hospitals'hierarchiesC.the future reforms on teaching hospitals'hierarchiesD.the problems caused by teaching hospitals'hierarchiesPART V TRANSLATION (30 minutes, 20 points)Section A (15 minutes, 10 points)In this book, we offer advice that we hope will seem reasonable and worth serious consideration. But as any experienced writer knows, there are occasions when even the best advice may not apply. The demands of writing for different audiences, with different purposes, on different subjects, at different levels of formality are so varied that they cannot begin to be anticipated in a book like this, and we recognize that what is appropriate for one piece of writing may not be appropriate for another. In most cases, you will have to avoid ambiguity at all costs so as not to leave your words open to misinterpretation ．Section B(15 minutes，10 points)中国可持续发展依赖的有限自然资源正在锐减。

研究生英语学位考试真题及答案

研究生英语学位考试真题及答案Part I Listening ComprehensionSection A (1 Point each)1. A. His paper has been published with the help of his adviser.B. His paper has won an award with the help of his adviser.C. His paper has been revised by his adviser.D. His paper has got the approval from his adviser.2. A. Tom is terribly ill. B. Tom is in low spirits.C. Tom is bad-tempered.D. Tom is nervous at the moment3. A. He saw his boss in person for the first time.B. He is now complaining in a different way.C. He has made his boss change his attitude.D. He has changed his opinion of his boss.4. A. He was not fond of the concert.B. He didn't like the tea offered at the concert.C. He left early to have some tea with somebody else.D. He doesn't want to tell the woman why he was not there.5. A. He always looks down upon others.B. He always lowers the value of others.C. He always judges people by their appearanceD. He is always reluctant to take newcomers.6. A. She is always stupid. B. She is always concentrated.C. She is always careless.D. She is always absent-minded.7. A. She wants to leave a way out. B. She doesn't trust her boss.C. She wants to repay her boss.D. She wants to stay with her boss as long as possible8. A. She should let her daughter decide.B. She should choose what the teacher is interested in.C. She should make the same choice as the other parents.D. She should choose what she is interested in.9. A. She felt very cold because of the weather. B. She was frightened by the scene.C. She sent the two boys to the hospital.D. She went to help the injured immediately. Mini-talk one10. A. He went mountain climbing. B. He went camping.C. He went to a party:D. He went to a concert.11. A. He was lost in the forest. B. He was caught in a natural disaster.C. He was woken up in the middle of the night.D. He burned his dinner.12. A. Because it was too noisy. B. Because he wanted to join the party.C. Because he was too tired.D. Because he turned on some music.Mini-talk Two13. A. They may be overweight. B. They may earn less money.C. The may suffer from serious diseases.D. They may have lasting damage in their brain.14. A. Improving children's nutrition in their country.B. Providing their people with cleaner conditions.C. Improving health care for their people.D. Providing their people with better education.15. A. Preschool period. B. Teenage period.C. Between birth and 15 years old.D. Between pregnancy and two years old.Section C (1 point each)16. "Facebook" and "MySpace" are some of the most popular blog sites for_______________.17. Blogs offer young people a place to show their writings and ______________.18. Personal information puts teenagers at risk of being sought out by dangerous people who ______.19. When teenagers include information on their blogs that can be seen as a threat to others they can ___________________.20. Parents are advised to read their children's blogs to make sure they are not giving out__________.PART II VOCABULARY (10 minutes, 10 points )Section A (0.5 point each)21. The city was virtually paralyzed by the transit strike for better wages.A. subjectivelyB. imaginablyC. positivelyD. practically22. In spite of the taxing business schedule, he managed to take some time off for exercise.A. imposingB. demandingC. compulsoryD. temporary23. The court held the parents accountable for the minor child's acts of violence.A. responsible forB. indifferent toC. desperate forD. involved in24.The visitors were impressed by the facilities planned and programmed in terms of their interrelationships.A. in units ofB. with reference toC. in aspects ofD. on condition of25. "There is a weird power in a spoken word," Joseph Conrad once said.A. mightyB. prospectiveC. oddD. formidable26. Poverty and inadequate health care take their toll on the quality of a community's health.A. destructionB. contributionC. chargeD. origin27. This old man had trouble expressing the attachment he felt when arriving at his native town.A. hospitalityB. affection C: appeal D. frustration28. If you become reconciled to your lot, you will never get a new start in life.A. submissiveB. resistantC. tolerableD. committed29. The little girl felt increasingly uneasy while waiting for hermother at the bus-stop.A. difficultB. excitedC. relievedD. restless30. A high official is likely to win respect and trust if he can stick to his principles.A. turn toB. add toC. keep toD. lead toSection B (0.5 point each)31. To achieve sustainable development, the of resources is assuming new importance.A. conservationB. reservationC. exhaustionD. devastation32. The sale of alcoholic beverages is ________ to those above21 in some regions.A. confinedB. inhibitedC. obligedD. restricted33. The importance of protecting rainforests from human invasion is increasingly realized by developing anddeveloped countries_______.A. bothB. eitherC. alikeD. apart34. Before the 1980s, the idea of health insurance was quite _______ to those living in the mainland of China.A. overseasB. abroadC. foreignD. offshore35. The government is expected to make new legislations to ______ foreign investment in real estate.A. manipulateB. regulateC. dominateD. prevail36. Despite the suspect's ________to be innocent, there is compelling evidence that he was involved.A. convictionB. assertionC. accusationD. speculation37. For many countries, being part of a global supply chain is like striking oil -- oil that may never ____.A. run outB. work outC. turn outD. call out38. Having been an office secretary for some years, she always _______chores in a responsible way.A. goes onB. goes forC. goes withoutD. goes about39. Without clear guidelines ______, executives of hospitals are sometimes at a loss about what to do.A. in orderB. in placeC. in needD. in trouble40. The age of other trees is variously estimated as ______ from two hundred to eight hundred years.A. changingB. differingC. varyingD. rangingPART III CLOZE TEST (10 minutes, 10 points, 1 point each)Every year, as the price of goods rises, the inflation refuses to (41) even from the high educational institutions.In the US, according to a 2005 survey by the College Board, (42) at state universities rose by an average of 7.1 percent annually, after a year when inflation grew much less. At private schools it was up 5.9 percent. The survey which (43) more than 3,000 colleges and universities did not provide clear reasons for the continued increases. It did say that the price of goods and services at universities have risen rapidly. Some of the fastest growth has been in employee health (44), and professional salaries.Living expenses on campus have also (45). At the university of Southern California student dining hall, a buffet meal cost $5.50 in 2004. But now it's $9. The US government often provides (46) assistance to students' lunch in primary and high schools, but these favorable policies usually don't (47) universities.Some students said the food on campus is sometimes even more expensive than that at restaurants (48) campus.To compensate the rise in tuition and living expenses, the federal and state governments (49) universities and private sources have provided (50) for students. Of all the full time undergraduates about 62 percent have a grant covering 30-50 percent of their tuition, according to the College Board.41. A. stay away B. stand out C. step down D. set off42. A. fares B. payment C. charges D. tuition43. A. attended B. covered C. included D. composed44. A. welfares B. advantages C. benefits D. goods45. A. rolled up B. gone up C. sat up D. taken up46. A. management B. economic C. policy D. financial47. A. apply to B. suit for C. adjust to D. gear for48. A. in B. to C. off D. over49. A. as well as B. the same as C. as far as D. such as50. A. grasps B. grains C. grounds D. grantsPART IV READING COMPREHENSION (45 minutes, 30 points, 1 point each)Passage OneDid your mum and dad go to university, or did they leave school and go straight to the Job Centre? The educational experience of parents is still important when it comes to how today's students choose an area of study and what to do after graduation, according to The Future-track research in the UK.The research was done by the Higher Education Careers Service Unit. It plans to follow university applicants for six years from 2006 through their early careers.The first year's findings come from a study of 130,000 university applicants. They show significant differences inprospective students' approach to higher education, depending on whether their parents got degrees (second-generation applicants) or didn't (first-generation applicants).First-generation applicants were more likely to say that their career and employment prospects were uppermost in their minds in deciding to go to university. About one-fifth of this group gave "to enable me to get a good job" as their main reason for choosing HE. And 37 percent said that a degree was "part of my career plan".A young person coming from a non-professional household where finances are stretched may find the idea of learning for its own sake to be a luxury. This explains the explosion in vocational courses.At Portsmouth University, first-year student Kim Burnett, 19, says that she specifically chose her degree in health research management and psychology to get a secure, well-paid job. Harriet Edge, 20, studying medicine at Manchester University, also wanted job security. Her parents lacked college degrees, though the fact that her uncle is a doctor appears to have influenced her choice."Medicine is one of those fields where it's pretty likely you'll get a job at the end. That's a big plus, as the debt levels after five years of study are going to be frightening," she says. Many experts believe that this situation affects those with no family tradition of higher education far more keenly. The fact that 26 percent of respondents said that they needed more advice implies that some students may end up feeling that their higher education investment was not worthwhile.For those with graduate parents, this lack of guidance may, the researchers suggest, be less of a problem. " But, for thosewithout the advantages, lack of access to career guidance before applying for higher education leaves them exposed to making poorer choices," the survey concludes.51. The main idea of the passage is that_________.A. parents' experiences are more important for their children's educationB. parents' careers are vitally important for their children's degreesC. students' approach to higher education correlates with their parents' educational experienceD. students' career and employment prospects are decided by their parents52. "HE" in the 4th paragraph probably refers to __________.A. health educationB. higher employmentC. Harriet EdgeD. higher education53. A young person coming from a non-professional household ____________.A. is less likely to get financial aid to go to universityB. is more likely to choose vocational educationC. may think learning for pleasure is a good ideaD. may choose to study for a professional degree54. In which of the following aspects do Kim Burnett and Harriet Edge have in common?A. They both chose their majors because of their family influence.B. They are both the first-year students in university.C. Both of their parents lack college degrees.D. Both of them chose degrees for job security.55. It is implied that ____________.A. the cost of a degree in medicine is very highB. higher education investment in medicine is not worthwhileC. a student without family medical tradition is less likely to choose medicineD. medicine is a field where every degree-holder can get a job56.Those with graduate parents may _________.A. make poorer choices when choosing their majorsB. make better choices when applying for higher educationC. not need career guidance before graduationD. have no problems in applying for a collegePassage TwoLast month, the public address system at Earl's Court subway station in London was ordered to get the noise down. Passengers, it seems, had had enough of being told the blindingly obvious: "Stand back or the train will run you over." "Don't lean on the doors." "Stand back from the opening doors." "Do this." "Don't do that."Bossiness is not just aural. It is also written. As a commuter, I'm continually bombarded by notices on car walls. "Please take your feet off the seat." "Please turn down your personal stereo." And when I drive past the local primary, a sign flashes: "School. Slow down!"The presumption behind these signs is that Britons must have everything spelled out because we are tow, uncivilized people who were raised by wolves.Britain didn't use to be so bossy. When I was a boy, for instance, the local cinema put a warning on screen before we settled down to watch. "Don't," it said, "make noises." In thosedays, long before mobile phones, it was the only bossiness we saw in the cinema. Since then, bossiness has become more commonplace. Television, that strongest guide to public morals and lifestyles in this country, is alive with dominant people. On screen, we see health experts holding some poor woman's breasts and demanding that she get in shape. Cooking programs tell us not to think of leaving toast crumbs on the kitchen table.There is no point in blaming TV for this new bossiness. We want to be bossed. We have behaved badly and now we yearn to feel the whip to correct us. On July 1, smoking will be banned in public places in England. My local government told churches in the area last week that no-smoking posters must be prominently displayed by church entrances.I love this: the governments are bossing people to make them more bossy. They are insisting that priests tell their congregations (教区的教民) what to do.My local government isn't the only source of bossiness. I find it everywhere. But the rise in bossiness does not seem to have been accompanied by a rise in socially well-adjusted behavior. In fact, the opposite. Perhaps this is because, if you feel as though you are treated with contempt, you will respond with the same.57. The case at Earl's Court subway station shows that _________.A. it is very noisy in public placesB. it is necessary to warn the passengers of their safetyC. people have realized the importance of public orderD. people have been tired of being bossed58. It is presumed that bossiness is everywhere because Britons__________.A. need to be bossed to behave themselvesB. want to be reminded of how to behave wellC. must have everything spelled outD. are raised in uncivilized society59. It is suggested in the passage that____________.A. now Britons behave much better than they did in the pastB. in the past Britons behaved much better than they do nowC. the dominant people on screen should be blamed for the new bossinessD. television has misguided the public morals and lifestyles in Britain60. According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?A. Television should play a role in enhancing public morals.B. The local government has got involved in the church activities.C. The governments want to make themselves more authoritative by bossing people.D. The rise in bossiness has helped the improvement of people's behavior.61. The author writes this passage in a _________.A. funny toneB. criticizing toneC. friendly toneD. radical tone62. What is the appropriate title of this passage?A. British People Have Had Enough Bossiness AroundB. British People Want to Be BossedC. Bossiness in Great Britain: Its Past and PresentD. Bossiness in Great Britain Should Be IgnoredPassage ThreeIt began as just another research project, in this case to examine the effects of various drugs on patients with a severe mood disorder. Using an advanced brain scanning technology--the clumsily named echo-planar magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (磁共振光谱成像) procedure, or EP-MRSI--researchers at Boston's McLean Hospital scanned the medicated and un-medicated brains of 30 people with bipolar disorder in order to detect possible new treatments for the more than 2 million American adults who suffer from the disease.But something unexpected happened. A patient who had been so depressed that she could barely speak became ebullient after the 45-minute brain scan. Then a second patient, who seemed incapable of even a smile, emerged actually telling jokes. Then another and another. Was this some coincidence? Aimee Parow, the technician who made these observations didn't think so. She mentioned the patients' striking mood shifts to her boss and together they completely refocused the study: to see if the electromagnetic fields might actually have a curative effect on depressive mood.As it turns out, they did. As reported last month in the American Journal of Psychiatry, 23 of the 30 people who were part of the study reported feeling significantly less depressed after the scan. The most dramatic improvements were among those who were taking no medication. The researchers are cautious. Says Bruce Cohen, McLean's president and psychiatrist in chief: “I want to emphasize that we are not saying this is the answer but this is a completely different approach in trying to help the brain than anything that was done before."It's a completely different approach because of the way the magnetism is applied to the brain. But it's an example of newresearch on an old idea: that the brain is an electromagnetic organ and that brain disorders might result from disorder in magnetic function. The idea has huge appeal to psychiatrists and patients alike, since for many people the side effects of psychiatric (精神的) drugs are almost as difficult to manage as the disease itself. And 30 percent of the nearly 18.8 million people who suffer from depression do not respond to any of the antidepressants available now. People with other severe mental disorders might benefit as well. And while no one fully understands exactly why or how the brain responds as it does to electrical currents and magnetic waves, fascinating new research is offering some possible explanations.63. The first paragraph describes a project aimed at finding ____________.A. who has bipolar disorderB. what improves people's moodsC. whether magnetic scanning is a treatmentD. how some patients respond to some drugs64. What does the passage say about bipolar disorder?A.It mainly affects males.B. It may cause drug addiction.C. It is a mental problem.D. It is hard to detect.65. The word "ebullient" in Paragraph 2 can be best replaced by________.A. considerateB. quietC. excitedD. sorrowful66. The researchers' attitude toward the new finding can bedescribed as_________.A. confusedB. amusedC. carefulD. skeptical67. The new finding is significant because it shows that electromagnetic fields mayA. treat mental disordersB. cause mental disordersC. increase the effectiveness of some drugsD. reduce the effectiveness of some drugs68. The passage mainly_________.A. reports a discoveryB. challenges a discoveryC. explains the problems with a discoveryD. describes the background of a discoveryPassage FourMy kids tell me that I am "so 20th century", which troubles me. A person likes to feel that he is "with it", as we used to say in the 20th century.So I have been thinking how I might change myself into a true 21st-century man. Clearly, in my advanced state of age I would be foolish to attempt some wild leap into the contemporary fashion. And anyway, my distinctive taste attracts much favourable comment.But if my clothing is too characteristic to change, perhaps I should do something about my lifestyle. So last week I took myself to the NEC for the Smart Home Show which is "the exhibition dedicated to all the latest trends in smart home technology".It was a shock. How could I have lived for half a century without a fingerprint-operated front door? ("Never lock yourself out of your home again!") Or vacuum cleaners that suck dust straight into a dustbin, via a system of pipes in your house walls? (All you have to do is rebuild your entire home.) Or automatic garden sprinklers which are so smart that they turn themselves off when it starts to rain? Of course, you could just look out of the window, observe that it's raining and turn them off yourself, but that would be so 20th century.Besides, those were just the simpler things. For the true smart-home owner, a plasma (等离子) TV fireplace is a must. At first glance it's just an electric fire with a mantelpiece，but press your remote and a giant TV screen rises from the mantelpiece. "Thieves won't even know it's there," a spokesman claimed. Just as well. At ￡5,280，it would be a pity to have it broken. But the real revolution has happened in the bathroom. Never again need you feel cut off from world events as you go about your washing. Forget the mirrors that turn into TV screens. They're old hat. The buzz in bathrooms now is all about heated towel-racks that turn into TVs.Enough! I was convinced: I want a smart home. There's only one problem: The cost. You are looking at ￡18,000 to ￡25,000 for an average home. Hmm. I won't be entering the 21st century just yet, then.69. To be "21st century", the author decided to___________.A. move to a new houseB. change the way he livedC. improve his dressing styleD. talk in the most trendy fashion70. The author's comment on the vacuum cleaner impliesthat___________.A. he believed that it was uselessB. he wanted to purchase one himselfC. he hated to cause inconvenienceD. he thought that it was not worth the effort71. What is the most revolutionary smart home technology according to the author?A. The plasma TV fireplace.B. The automatic garden sprinkler.C. Mirrors that turn into TV screens.D. Heated towel-racks that turn into TVs.72. The Smart Home Show__________.A. seemed too good to be trueB. was a true eye-opener for the authorC. left a negative impression on the authorD. appealed less to the middle- and old-aged73. What does the author think of buying the smart home products?A. He was interested, but found them too expensive.B. He was fascinated, and determined to buy them.C. He wasn't attracted, and wouldn't buy them.D. He wasn't sure, so he would rather wait and see.74. Which of the following words could best describe the author's tone?A. Overstated.B. Objective.C. Ironic.D. Passionate.Passage FiveNever before has flying been so controversial. In the spaceof two years, the environmental damage done by planes has gone from being something quietly discussed by scientists and committed environmentalists, to a headline-grabbing issue no one can ignore.Even those who fly once or twice a year on holiday can't help but feel a growing sense of guilt, while those opting for trips by car, train or ferry have a self-righteous spring in their steps.Now, however, the backlash is beginning. The tourism and aviation industries are mobilizing, and pointing out some awkward facts. Did you know that some ferries emit far more carbon dioxide than some planes'? That driving can release twice as much carbon as flying? A new report from Balpa, the pilot's union, even claims that planes can be better than train.While there are the campaigners who plot their camp at Heathrow to protest the air travel, in Kenya plans are being drawn up for a very different camp. Looking out from a cliff over the deserts of Samburuland is a stunning hotel, the O1 Malo Eco-Lodge. Revenue from the small number of visiting tourists has allowed the 5,000 acres around it to be transformed from over-grazed cattle ranch to a conservation site. More impressive still is the O1 Malo eye project. Up to 80 per cent of adults in the area suffer sight loss, so the O1 Malo Trust runs regular surgical camps, bringing doctors from the UK to treat them. In January, the camp gave 102 people back their sight. "It's very simple--all of our visitors fly here," said Julia Francombe, the founder. "If they stopped coming, it would kill us."One thing on which all sides agree is that aviation is booming, so it becomes crucial to develop new and less polluting aircraft. Airbus's claim that it can save the world with the A380 may be far-fetched, but its "gentle giant" plane is far more efficient andquieter than those of 20 years ago.Some environmentalists, however, scorn these advances, saying such measures are a "delusion." "The aviation industry is likely to vastly overstate the gains that can be made from technological improvements but sadly a climate friendly plane isn't on the horizon," says Emily Armistead of Greenpeace.So the question is: who do you believe?75. Pollution caused by planes used to _____________.A. be heatedly debated in the scientific communityB. be a controversial issue no one could ignoreC. draw little attention among the general publicD. divert people's attention from more important issues76. Compared with people who fly, those who choose cars or trains for travel_________.A. feel equally guilty of causing environmental damagesB. seem to care more about the environment than about timeC. believe that they are doing the right thing for the environmentD. are more troubled by the latest facts on environmental pollution77. The camps in Kenya are mentioned to_________.A. demonstrate the necessity of flyingB. emphasize the problems of flyingC. persuade people to turn to flyingD. present the two sides of flying78. Emily Armistead suggests that the aviation industry___________.A. has not made great efforts to develop environmentally friendly planesB. cannot come up with environmentally friendly planes inthe near futureC. should not use environmentally friendly planes to solve their problemsD. will not save the world even with environmentally friendly planes79. What is the author's position on air travel?A. Air travel should be avoided if possible.B. Air travel is not as problematic as people believe.C. It is too early to say that air travel has caused damages.D. It is hard to decide whether we should continue air travel80. The best title for the passage is “___________”.A. Should We Stop Flying?B. When Can We Stop Flying?C. What Will Happen If We Stop Flying?D. Will Stopping Flying Make a Difference?PART V TRANSLATION (30 minutes, 20 points)Section A (15 minutes, 10 points)British previous colonial policies led to the spread of English across the world. This wide use of English has been reinforced by the sweeping influence of the U.S.. However, the dominance of English as an international language is considered both a blessing and a curse. For one thing, it has accelerated the extinction of some languages. People have been wondering about the possibility of creating a global language which might hold promises for an end to language-caused troubles and conflicts. Unfortunately, attempts to harmonize world languages have met with little success as a result of the reluctance of native speakers of a particular language to adopt another language as their mother tongue. To discard one's native language is to have the distinct features of his nation erased.。

2023年在职硕士《英语》考试历年真题摘选附带答案

2023年在职硕士《英语》考试历年真题摘选附带答案第1卷一.全考点综合测验(共20题)1.【单选题】The company issues an annual report every March.A.a yearlyB. a comprehensiveC. a financialD.a product2.【单选题】Communication is one of the most important bonds that hold cultural systems together.A.obligationsB.qualitiesC. linksD. needs3.【单选题】Formerly , in the United States, many nurses worked as private duty nurses rather than in hospitals.A.PreviouslyB. StrictlyC. OfficiallyD. Periodically4.【单选题】One of the greatest breakthroughs for professional women came in 1973 when the field of banking opened up for them.A. most serious disappointmentsB.most significant advancesC. most abrupt declinesD. most crucial situations5.【单选题】Some children display an unquenchable 难以抑制的curiosity about every new thing they encounter.A.insatiable 贪的无厌的B. inherentC.indiscriminate 不加选择的D. incredible6.【单选题】In calculating the daily calorie requirements for an individual, variations in body size, physical activity, and age should be taken into account.A. numberedB. stabilizedC. contrastedD.considered7.【单选题】In 1974 Henry Aaron broke Babe Ruth's monumental lifetime record of 714 home runs.A.archaic(old, antique)B. degrading (discredit)C.outstandingD.entire8.【单选题】Despite the proliferation of other faster modes of transportation, the railroads remain the largest carriers of intercity freight in the United States.A.schemesB. meansC.tracksD. variables9.【单选题】The wheels of the first road vehicles were fashioned from crude stone disks.A.hand-carvedB.roughly madeC. flatD. heavy10.【单选题】Mary McCarthy s satires 讽刺文学are couched in a prose style that has a classic precision.A.fusedB.prefacedC. standardizedD. expressed11.【单选题】The economy of Dallas, Texas, is strong and diversified .A.inflatedB. stableC. variedD.well-regulated12.【单选题】An oversight 遗漏(miss, overslaugh) in proofreading often results in printed errors.A.An inconsistencyB. A discriminationC. A blotchD.An inattention13.【单选题】In literature, caricatures讽刺画usually contain verbal exaggeration through which the writer achieves comic and often satiric 讽刺effects.A. banter 取笑(tease)B. humorC. interactionD. overstatement14.【单选题】While Billie Holiday did not invent the music called "the blues", she most assuredly helped popularize it.A. finallyB.certainlyC.earnestlyD.enthusiastically15.【单选题】Blue－green algae grow abundantly in salt marshes.A. primarilyB.slowlyC.on plants(cultivate)D. in great numbers16.【单选题】Formulated in 1823, the Monroe Doctrine asserted that the Americas were no longer open to European colonization.A. emphatically statedB. belligerently(aggressively) arguedC. accentuated(emphasize)D. entreated 恳求（implore, plea, invoke ）17.【单选题】With the acquisition of smaller companies by larger ones, the 1960's saw a wave of new conglomerates.A. surgeB.handfulC. suspensionD. dissolution 分解18.【单选题】Some animals pant and sweat to speed evaporation of body moisture and thus cool themselves.A.wiggle 摆动slowlyB. breathe quicklyC. restD.perspire19.【单选题】The Salk vaccine is a major factor in the fight to eradicate polio.pletely destroyB. carefully disguiseC. sustainD. contain20.【单选题】How many people are aware that a dancer with the New York City Ballet typically wears out a minimum of two hundred pairs of toe shoes per year?A.onlyB. exactlyC. at leastD.fewer than第2卷一.全考点综合测验(共20题)1.【单选题】In 1861 it seemed inevitable that the Southern states would break away from the Union.A.strangeB. certainC.inconsistentD. proper2.【单选题】The first paper was made from the bark of the mulberry tree.A. dried woodB. outer coveringC.syrup(sirup)D. root3.【单选题】Some cosmetics manufacturers attempt to capture the rose's unmistakable fragrance香味in soaps and perfumes.A.designB.textureC. scentD. freshness4.【单选题】Comets are still regarded with awe by some people.A. wonderB.concernC.resentmentD.detachment5.【单选题】Bats fly, rather than glide, and thus are the only mammals capable of true flight.A.straightB. safeC.realD.rapid6.【单选题】With lasers scientists can probe many physical processes, such as combustion, once beyond our ken.视野A. understandingB. responsibilityC.interpretationD. notice7.【单选题】The megaphone(microphone) makes the voice sound louder because it points sound waves in one direction and keeps them from spreading out in all directions.A.slitheringB.radiatingC. interferingD. murmuring8.【单选题】By the nineteenth century, embroidery on men's clothing had virtually disappeared except for the occasional decorative vest and tie.A. almostB. definitelyC.alreadyD.universally9.【单选题】Urban renewal programs strive to upgrade areas that are becoming slums.A.reproachB. improveC.fortifyD.uproot10.【单选题】Cream of tartar 酒石, a weak acid, can be added to egg whites to help them foam泡沫when they are beatenA.whippedB. agedC.boiledD.cracked11.【单选题】Eyespots, the most rudimentary eyes, are found in protozoan原生动物flagellates 鞭毛虫, flatworms 扁形虫, and segmented worms片段蠕虫.A.hostile-lookingB.perceptiveC. primitiveD.strangely formed12.【单选题】Food must be moist in order to have a taste.A.appetizing(delicious)B. nutritiousC. dampD. chewed13.【单选题】The controls of most modern airplanes can be operated either manually or automatically.A.by the bookB.by a mapC. by logicD. by hand14.【单选题】The first important exposition in the United States was held in Philadelphia in 1876.A.exhibitionB. concertC. excursionD.contest15.【单选题】Double Eagle in the first transatlantic balloon, was greeted by avid crowds in France.A.eagerB.surgingC.appreciativeD.vigorous16.【单选题】People who do not sleep enough tend to become irritable .A.easily annoyedB. illC. wearyD.stiff and sore17.【单选题】Although the Carbon 14 method of dating old objects is not foolproof , it is the best method available at presentA.wholly operationalB.entirely serviceableC.fully reliablepletely safe18.【单选题】Insect pests are among the leading causes of crop failure.A.expectedB. chiefC. naturalD. least19.【单选题】Solid geometry has enabled astronomers to calculate the positions of the heavenly bodies relative to one another.A. on top ofB.next toC.in spite ofD. with respect to20.【单选题】The Native American interpreter Sacajawea was a valuable member of the Lewis and dark expedition in 1805.A.very friendlyB. very usefulC. very thoughtful.D.very wealthy第1卷参考答案一.全考点综合测验1.正确答案：A2.正确答案：C3.正确答案：A4.正确答案：B5.正确答案：A6.正确答案：D7.正确答案：C8.正确答案：B9.正确答案：B10.正确答案：D11.正确答案：C12.正确答案：D13.正确答案：D14.正确答案：B15.正确答案：D16.正确答案：A17.正确答案：A18.正确答案：D19.正确答案：A20.正确答案：C第2卷参考答案一.全考点综合测验1.正确答案：B2.正确答案：B3.正确答案：C4.正确答案：A5.正确答案：C6.正确答案：A7.正确答案：B8.正确答案：A9.正确答案：B10.正确答案：A11.正确答案：C12.正确答案：C13.正确答案：D14.正确答案：A15.正确答案：A16.正确答案：A17.正确答案：C18.正确答案：B19.正确答案：D20.正确答案：B。

2023年1月研究生英语学位考试真题及答案

1月硕士英语学位考试真题及答案Paper OnePart I ：Listening Comprehension (25 minutes, 20 points )Section A (1 point each)1.A: He refuses to help the woman. B: He can’t handle the equipment by himself.C: He thinks some other people can do it better.D; He thinks the equipment is too heavy for the woman.2.A: His colleagues have contributed a lot. B: All of his colleagues congratulated him.C. The award has been given to his colleagues. D He doesn’t deserve the honor.3. A: He dislike Jack’s name. B He doesn’t care who Jack is.C He doesn’t know Jack well.D He dislikes Jack.4. A: The man is cracking a joke on her.B It is impossible to buy a genuine antique for so little money.C The man is out of his mind about the old vase.D The man has run into a great fortune.5. A: He can’t find a good idea about the problem. B He feels hopeless about the project.C He has encountered another problem.D He is going to give up the project.6. A: It is worthwhile. B It has a very tight schedule.C It was a waste of time.D It took him too much time on the road.7. A: It’s useless to talk to the professor. B The professor is often unfair.C The man has done well enough.D The man can’t be better n ext time.8. A The man should not say things like that. B The man should fight back.C The man should show his anger openly.D The man should not complain openly.9. A: She was injured in the shoulder. B She disliked the people who attended the party.C She was laughed at for her behaviour.D She was unpopular at the party.Section B (1 point each)Mini-talk One10. A: Improving the conditions of farm animals. B: Increasing the production of farm animals.C: Regulating the food marketing system.D: Regulating the food stores and restaurant chains.11. A: Because they want to save more money. B: Because they want the hens to lay more eggs.C Because they want the hens to grow more lean meat.D Because they want to sell the hens at a better price.12. A: Chickens should be kept in clean places. B: Pigs should be housed in large metal boxes.C: Farm animals should be slaughtered in factories.D Farm animals should be killed without feeling pain.Mini-talk Two13. A: Under the mountains is the state of Nevada.B: At the power centers in almost forty states.C: Under the deep ocean . D Near the inactive volcanoes.14. A: People object to burying it at the power centers.B: The power centers have no more space to store it.C: It is very dangerous to bury it in populous areas.D: The new site is the estate of the federal government.15. A; There are active volcanoes nearby. B: Some people still live in the area.C: The area is close to Las Vegas. D The area is geographically unsafe.Section C (1 point each)You will hear the recording twice. At the end of the talk there will be a 3-minute pause, during which time you are asked to write down your answers briefly on the Answer Sheet. You now have 25 seconds to read the questions (请在录音结束后把16-20题旳答案抄写在答题纸上.) 16．What percentage of plant and animal species on Earth do rain forests contain?17. What critical role do rain forests play besides being home to animals and plants?18. How much has global output of carbon dioxide increased in the past century?19. To be classified as a rain forest, how should the trees look?20. How large is the size of the rain forest in South America?Part I Vocabulary Section A1.This student was expelled from school because he had forged some documents for overseasstudy.A frustratedB formulatedC fabricatedD facilitated2.Opinion polls suggest that the approval rate of the president is on the increase.A agreementB consensus Cpermission D support3. A man of resolve will not retreat easily from setbacks or significant challenges.A pull outB pull upC pull inD pull over4. As few household appliances are now perfect, this minor defect is negligible.A detectableB triflingC inexcusableD magnificent5. The U.S. athletes topped the gold medal tally for the 3rd straight time this summer.A directB proceedingC verticalD successive6. Despite tremendous achievement, formidable obstacles to development will persist.A difficultB sustainableC externalD unpredictable7. Moderate and regular exercise can boost the rate of blood circulation and metabolism.A restrictB reduceC increaseD stabilize8. The manager is seeking some cost-effective methods that can call forth their initiative .A efficientB conventionalC economicalD unique.9. The report proposes that students be allowed to work off their debt through community service.A pay offB get offC dispose ofD run off10. It was a tragic love affair that only gave rise to pain.A brought forwardB brought aboutC brought downD brought inSection B :11. As females in their 40s tend to ____ weight, they are to go in for outdoor activities.A take onB hold onC carry onD put on12. The shop-owner took a load of ____-crusted bread and handed it to the child.A fragileB crispC vagueD harsh13. The excessive hospitality ____ the local officials failed to leave us assured.A on the point ofB on the grounds ofC on the advice ofD on the part of14.These intelligence officers tried a ___ of persuasion and force to get the information they wanted.A combinationB collaborationC convictionD confrontation15. The terminally ill patient lying in the ___ care unit was kept alive on life support.A apprehensiveB intensiveC extensiveD comprehensive16. The very sound of our national anthem being played at the awarding ceremony is ____.A ice-breakingB eye-catchingC painstakingD soul-touching17. Leading universities in China prefer to enroll ___ brilliant high school students.A intellectuallyB intelligiblyC intelligentlyD intimately18. When a heavy vehicle is ___ in the mud, the driver has to ask for help.A involvedB stuckC interferedD specialized19. A risk or effect may diminish ___, but it may also increase for some reason.A at willB over timeC under wayD so far20. It’s in your best ____ to quit smoking, for you have some breathing problems.A sakeB benefitC advantageD interestPart II. Cloze“Techno-stress”----frustration arising from pressure to use new technology----is said to be21 , reports Maclean’s magazine of Canada. Studies point to causes that 22 “the never-ending process of learning how to use new technologies to the 23 of work and home life as a result of 24 like e-mail, call-forwarding and wireless phones.” How can you cope? Experts recommend setting 25 . Determine whether using a particular device will really simplify life or merely add new 26 . Count on having to invest time to learn a new technology well enough to realize its full benefits. “ 27 time each day to turn the technology off,” and devote time to other things afforded or deserving 28 attention. “People start the day by making the 29 mistake of opening their e-mail, instead of working to a plan,” notes Vancouver productivity expert Dan Stamp. “The best hour and a half of the day is spent on complete30 .”21. A descending B narrowing C mounting D widening22. A pass on B range from C deal with D give up23. A confusion B construction C contribution D conduction24. A creations B promotions C productions D innovations25. A laws B boundaries C deadlines D barriers26. A convenience B advantages C flexibility D complexity27. A Put forward B Put across C Put aside D Put up28. A prior B major C senior D superior29. A fragmental B fictional C fractional D fundamental30. A relaxation B entertainment C rubbish D hobbyPart III. Reading ComprehensivePassage OneThe study of genetics has given rise to a profitable new Industry called biotechnology. As the name suggests, it blends biology and modern technology through such techniques as genetic engineering. Some of the new biotech companies, as they are called, specialize in agriculture and are working enthusiastically to patent seeds that give a high yield, that resist disease, drought, andfrost, and that reduce the need for hazardous chemicals. If such goals could be achieved, it would be most beneficial. But some have raised concern about genetically engineered crops.“In nature, genetic diversity is created within certain limits,”says the book Genetic Engineering, Food, and Our Environment.“A rose can be crossed with a different kind of rose, but a rose will never cross with a potato…” Genetic engineering, on the other hand, usually involves taking genes from one species and inserting them into another in an attempt to transfer a desired property or character. This could mean, for example, selecting a gene which leads to the production of a chemical with antifreeze properties from an arctic fish, and joining it into a potato or strawberry to make it frost-resistant. It is now possible for plants to be engineered with genes taken from bacteria, viruses, insects, animals or even humans.In essence, then, biotechnology allows humans to break the genetic walls that separate species.Like the green revolution, what some call the gene revolution contributes to the problem of genetic uniformity---some say even more so because geneticists can employ techniques such as cloning and tissue culture, processes that produce perfectly identical copies, or clones. Concerns about the erosion of biodiversity, therefore, remain. Genetically altered plants, however, raise new issues, such as the effects that they may have on us and the environment. “We are flying blindly into a new era of agricultural biotechnology with high hopes, few constraints, and little idea of the potential outcomes,” said science writer Jeremy Rifkin.31. According to the author, biotech companies are ______A mostly specialized in agriculture.B those producing seeds of better propertiesC mainly concerned about the genetically engineered crops.D likely to have big returns in their business.32. Now biotech products are made ____.A within the limits of natural genetics .B by violating laws of natural genetics.C without the interference of humans.D safer than those without the use of biotechnology33. In nature, genetic diversity is created ____A by mixing different speciesB within the species itselfC through natural selectionD through selection or contest34.Biotechnoly has made it possible ____A for us to solve the food shortage problem in the world.B for plants to be produced with genes of humans.C for humans to assume the cold-resistant property.D to grow crops with the taste of farm animals.35. According to the author, with the development of biotechnology ____A the species of creatures will be reduced. D we will suffer from fewer and fewer diseases.B our living environment will be better than it is now.C humans will pay for its side effect.36. The author’s attitude towards genetic engineering can best be described ____A optimisticB pessimisticC concernedD suspiciousPassage TwoThe practice of capital punishment is as old as government itself. For most of history, it has not been considered controversial. Since ancient times most governments have punished a wide variety of crimes by death and have conducted executions as a routine part of the administration of criminal law. However, in the mid-18th century, social critics in Europe began to emphasize the worth of the individual and to criticize government practices they considered unjust, including capital punishment. The controversy and debate whether government should utilize the death penalty continue today.The first significant movement to abolish the death penalty began during the era known as the Age of Enlightenment. In 1764 Italian jurist and philosopher Cesare Beccaria published An Essay on Crimes and Punishments. Many consider this influential work the leading document in the early campaign capital punishment. Other individuals who campaigned against executions duringthis period include French authors V oltaire and Denis Diderot, British philosophers David Hume and Adam Smith, and political theorist Thomas Paine in the United States.Critics of capital punishment argue that it is cruel and inhumane, while supporters consider it a necessary form of revenge for terrible crimes. Those who advocates the death penalty declare that it is a uniquely effective punishment that prevents crime. However, advocates and opponents of the death penalty dispute the proper interpretation of statistical analyses of its preventing effect. Opponents of capital punishment see the death penalty as a human right issue involving the proper limits of governmental power. In contrast, those who want governments to continue to execute tend to regard capital punishment as an issue of criminal justice policy. Because of these alternative viewpoint, there is a profound difference of opinion not only about what is the right answer on capital punishment, but also about what type of question is being asked when the death penalty becomes a public issue.37. We can learn from the first paragraph that in ancient times _________A death penalty had been carried out before government came into being.B people thought it was right for the government to conduct executions.C death penalty was practiced scarcely in European countries.D many people considered capital punishment unjust and cruel.38. Why was capital punishment questioned in the mid-18th century in Europe?A People began to criticize their government.B The government was unjust in this period.C People began to realize the value of life.D Social critics were very active at that time.39. Italian jurist and philosopher Cesare Beccaria ____A was the first person to question the rightness of death penalty.B was regarded as an important author criticizing capital punishment.C was the first person who emphasized the worth of the individuals.D first raised the theory against capital punishment.40. Critics of capital punishment insist that it ___.A violates human rights regulations.B is an ineffective punishment of the criminalsC is just the revenge for terrible crimes.D involves killing without mercy.41. The advocates and opponents of the death penalty _____A agree that it is a human rights issueB agree that it can prevent crimes.C explain its statistical analyses differentlyD think that they are asked different types of questions.42. The author’s attitude towards capital punishment can be summarized as _____A supportiveB criticalC neutralD contradictoryPassage ThreeBears mostly live alone, except for mothers and their babies, and males and females during mating season. Bears form temporary groups only in exceptional circumstances, when food is plentiful in a small area. Recent evidence also suggests that giant pandas may form small social groups, perhaps because bamboo is more concentrated than the patchy food resources of other bear species. Other bears may live alone but exist in a social network. A male and female may live in an area partly shared in common----although they tolerate each other, each defends its range from other bears of the same sex. Male young usually leave their mothers to live in other areas, but female young often live in a range that is commonly shared with that of their mother.The key to a bear’s surviv al is finding enough food to satisfy the energy demands of its large size. Bears travel over huge territories in search of food, and they remember the details of the landscape they cover. They use their excellent memories to return to locations where they have had success finding food in past years or seasons. Most bears are able to climb trees to chase small animals or gain access to additional plant vegetation. The exceptions are polar bears and large adult brown bears----their heavy weight makes it difficult for them to climb trees.Bears that live in regions with cold winters spend the coldest part of the year asleep in sheltereddens, including brown bears, American and Asiatic black bears, and female polar bears. Pregnant females give birth in the winter in the protected surroundings of these dens. After fattening up during the summer and fall when food is abundant, the bears go into this winter home to conserve energy during the part of the year when food is scarce. Winter sleep differs from hibernation in that a bear is easily aroused from sleep. In addition, a bear’s body temperature drops only a few degrees in its winter sleep. In contrast, a true hibernator undergoes more extensive changes in bodily functions. For instance, the body temperature of the Arctic ground squirrel drops from 380C to as low as -30C.43. Most bears live alone because _________A they don’t want to keep a social network.B each bear feeds on different kinds of food.C male and female bears can’t tolerate each other.D they don’t want other bears to share their food.44.According to the passage, bears of the same sex ____A can get along with each other peacefully.B share their range with each other.C live in an area partly shared in common.D can’t li ve peacefully in the same area.45.As is told about bears in the passage, we know that _____A it is easy for bears to find enough food if they can climb trees.B a bear can long remember where it has found food.C all except polar bears are able to climb trees to catch their prey.D all except polar bears and adult brown bears feed on small animals.46. Bears sleep in their sheltered dens in cold winter because ____A their babies need to be born in a cold and protected surrounding.B they need to fatten themselves up in the cold season.C they need to convert their fat into energy in winter.D they can’t find enough food in the cold season.47. Winter sleep differs from hibernation in that _______A animals in hibernation don’t wake up eas ily.B animals in hibernation are aroused regularly for energy supply.C the body temperature of animals in winter sleep doesn’t change.D animals in winter sleep experience drastic changes in bodily functions.48. The passage is mainly about ___.A the species of bearsB the food category of bearsC the winter sleep of bearsD the behavior of bearsPassage FourThe young man who came to the door--- he was about thirty, perhaps, with a handsome, smiling face---- didn’t seem to find my lateness offensive, and led me into a large room. On one side of the room sat half a dozen women, all in white; they were much occupied with a beautiful baby, who seemed to belong to the youngest of the women. On the other side of the room sat seven or eight men, young, dressed in dark suits, very much at ease, and very imposing. The sunlight came into the room with the peacefulness that one remembers from rooms in one’s early childhood--- a sunlight encountered later only in one’s dreams. I remember being astounded by the quietness, the ease, the peace , and the taste. I was introduced, they greeted me with a genuine cordiality and respect ---and the respect increased my fright, for it meant that they expected something of me that I knew in my heart, for their sakes, I could not give ---and we sat down. Elijah Muhammad was not in the room. Conversation was slow , but not as stiff as I had feared it would be. They kept it going, for I simply did not know which subjects I could acceptably bring up. They knew more about me and read more of what I had written, than I had expected , and I wondered what they made of it all, what they took my usefulness to be. The women were carrying on their own conversations, in low tones; I gathered that they were not expected to take part in male conversations. A few women kept coming in and out of the room, apparently making preparationsfor dinner. We, the men, did not plunge deeply into any subject, for, clearly, we were all waiting for the appearance of Elijah. Presently, the men, one by one, left the room and returned. Then I was asked if I would like to wash, and I, too, walked down the hall to the bathroom. Shortly after I came back, we stood up, and Elijah entered. I don’t know what I had expected to see. I had read some of his speeches, and had heard fragments of others on the radio and on television, so I associated him with strength. But, no ----the man who came into the room was small and slender, really very delicately put together, with a thin face, large warm eyes, and a most winning smile. Something came into the room with him ---- his worshipers’ joy at seeing him, his joy at seeing them. It was the kind of encounter one watches with a smile simply because it is so rare that people enjoy one another.49.Which of t he following is the best alternative word for “imposing”?A EnthusiasticB HostileC ImpressiveD Anxious50. Which word best describes the atmosphere in the room?A TranquilB SolemnC ChaoticD Stressful51.How did the author feel when he was greeted with respect?A DelightedB AstonishedC EmbarrassedD Scared52. Which of the following statements is true about the author?A He talked little.B He was puzzledC He enjoyed the conversationD He got more respect than he deserved.53. The man didn’t get deeply involved in any subject because they ____A had little knowledgeB didn’t know one another well.C wanted to relax themselvesD awaited the arrival of someone important54. What can we learn about Elijah?A He was admired by others.B He was very handsome.C He was a man with determinationD He was happy to give speeches.Passage FiveSingapore’s Mixed Reality Lab is working on new ways of interacting with computers, including wearable devices and virtual war room that will allow officials to work together online as if they were all in one place. Its director is a spiky-haired Australian, a postmodern match for the fictional British agent James Bond’s tool man, Q.It is funded by the Defense Science & Technology Agency, which controls half the $ 5 billion defense budget, and sponsors hundreds of research projects every year. The agency came to worldwide attention last year when it took just one day to customize a thermal scanner in order to detect travelers with high fever, helping to stem the spread of SARS.DSTA is now working on a range of projects that are attracting attention in both the commercial and military worlds. It devised an air-conditioning system that harnesses melting ice and cool seawater to conserve electricity at the new Changi Naval Base, and could have broad civilian applications.Singapore can easily afford Western hardware, but off-the-shelf products are often unsuitable for the tropical conditions in Southeast Asia. For example, the DSTA is funding development of an anti-chemical-weapons suit that works not as a shield, but as a sort of weapon. The Singapore garments, made of a revolutionary plastic-like material that is much lighter and cooler than traditional fabrics, actually degrade suspect substance on contact.Much of the agency’s work is geared toward helping this resource-poor city-state overcome its natural limitations, says its director R&D, William Lau Yue Khei. Conserving manpower is one of the agency’s most critical assignments, because Singapore is a nation of 5 million people dwarfed by larger neighbors, including Indonesia and Malaysia. Right now, the biggest DSTA project is computerizing a stealth warship so that it can run on half the usual crew. Making equipment lighter is a particular agency specialty, because the universal military rule of thumb is that a soldier should carry no more than one third his body weight, and that seems that smallerSingaporean soldiers should carry no more than 24 kilos, or 20 percent less than Europeans, says DSTA project manager Choo Hui Weing. One such program: the Advanced Combat Man System, has produced a lightweight handguard that controls an integrated laser range finder, digital compass and a targeting camera. Top that, Q.55. It can be inferred from the passage that Q is probably________A a mechanic in James Bond’s garage.B a fictional Australian with spiky hair.C a director of the Advanced Combat Man SystemD An imaginary engineer who invents advanced equipment.56. Which of the following statements concerning DSTA true?A It became world-known for its high efficiency in preventing the SARS spread.B It funds numerous research programs, including Mixed Reality lab.C It devised an air-conditioning system now widely used in households.D It takes credit for conserving electricity at the new Changi Naval Base.57. The suit described in the third paragraph can be used as a sort of weapon mainly because ___A it is made of a new material resembling plastics.B it can reduce harmful effects of chemicals on it.C it has been adapted to the tropical weather there.D its light weight allows soldiers to carry more equipment.58. Which of the following is Not mentioned as a disadvantage of Singapore?A Smaller soldiersB Smaller populationC Limited defense budgetD Limited natural resources59. The Advance Combat Man System is mentioned in the last paragraph mainly to show ____A what DSTA has done to meet the country’s special needs.B how sophisticated the equipments designed by DSTA can be.C why it is difficult for Q to compete with CHoo Hui Weing .D how Singapore’s technology is superior to that of the British.60. The main purpose of the passage is to ____A analyze Singapore’s defense system.B summarize the contributions of DSTA.C introduce the technical advantages of a small country.D describe the roles and achievements of a government agency.Paper Two Part IV TranslationSection AQuitting smoking is more of a matter of willpower than of individual choice, for smoking is widely recognized as addictive. Although counseling and medication can increase the odds that a smoker quits permanently, the best way to avoid dilemmas is never to take up smoking to begin with.The irreversible effects of cigarette smoking vary in intensity and are related both to the amount and duration of exposure and the age at which the person is initially exposed. This report challenges the notion that a few years of exposure to smoking will have no lasting harmful consequences. We hope to discourage this prevalent but vital habit and suggest that tobacco-related health effects decline substantially as time away from smoking increases. Section B人们越来越意识到开发环境保护型产品旳重要性. 为实现长期可持续发展, 发达国家应不惜代价减少温室气体旳排放. 假如目前全球变暖旳速度保持不变, 东京和伦敦等大都市从地球上消失旳也许性将是前旳10倍.Part V Writingwrite a compositions of no less than 150 words under the title of “Knowledge from books and knowledge from experience” . Your composition should be base d on the following outline:1Compare and contrast knowledge gained from experience with knowledge gained from books. 2．Explain which source is more important?01 参照答案1-10 CDABD, ACCAB, 11-20 DBDAB, DABBD 21-30 CBADB, DCADC31-40 DBBBA, CBCBD, 41-50 CCDDB, DADCA 51-60 DADAD, CBCABTranslation : Section BThere is a growing realization/awareness that developing environment-protecting products really counts. To fulfil the long-term and substantial development, developed countries should at all costs decrese the emission of greenhouse gases. If the speed of global warming nowadays continues, the probability of disappearance from the earth to such big cities as Tokyo and London will be 10 times as fast as that of 20 years ago.。

英语同等学力人员申请硕士学位试卷及答案指导(2025年)

2025年同等学力人员申请硕士学位英语自测试卷及答案指导一、口语交际（共10分）第一题Conversation:A: Hi Jacob, how are you?B: Hi Anna, I’m doing pretty well, thanks. How about you?A: I’m doing great. I was just thinking about the upcoming group project. We need to split the work.B: Sure, no problem. What tasks do you think we should work on?A: Well, I was considering the research part since I have experience in that area.B: That sounds fair. I’ll take care of the writing part then. Let’s set up a meeting to discuss the specifics later.A: Definitely. I’ll send out the meeting invite next week.1、What is the purpose of their conversation?a)Planning a meetingb)Discussing the division of laborc)Complaining about the workloadd)Introducing new members to the teame)Sharing personal health updatesAnswer: b2、Whom is Anna talking to?a)Her family memberb)Her colleaguec)Her friendd)Her professore)Her clientAnswer: b3、What task is Anna considering for herself?a)Writingb)Presentingc)Researchd)Editinge)DesigningAnswer: c4、What task is Jacob taking care of?a)Researchb)Writingc)Presentationd)Editinge)DesigningAnswer: b5、What will Anna do after the conversation?a)Call Jacobb)Send out a meeting invitec)Finish the project aloned)Cancel the projecte)Ask for more tasksAnswer: b第二题A conversation between two friends, Alice and Bob, about their study plans and university life.Alice: Hi, Bob! It’s been a while since we last studied together. Are you still preparing for the postgraduate entrance exam?Bob: Hi, Alice! Yes, I am. I’m really excited to enter graduate school. How about you? Have you made any progress on your studies?Alice: Yes, I’ve been working hard. I’m particularly focused on preparing for the TOEFL exam as it’s a requirement for my pro gram. Last week, I attended a preparation class and I wanted to discuss it with you.Bob: That’s great! What do you think of the class?Alice: I found it quite helpful. The instructor explained the format and strategies for each section. We even had a little practice session at the end.Bob: Nice! I heard about the class. Do you think it covered everything important?Alice: Yeah, I think it did. They even provided some sample questions andanswered our doubts. I was able to improve my speaking skills, which is essential for my program.Bob: Speaking skills are indeed crucial. By the way, is there anything you want to improve the most?Alice: Definitely my writing. It’s really challenging for me. I struggle to organize my thoughts and write coherently. So, any tips you can give me would be appreciated.Bob: Sure, I can help with that. First, try to practice writing short essays on a regular basis. It’ll help you get used to the structure and vocabulary required for academic writing.1.What topic did Alice discuss with Bob about her study plan?A) The postgraduate entrance examB) The TOEFL examC) The preparation class for the postgraduate entrance examD) The challenges she faces in her writing2.How does Alice feel about the preparation class she attended?A) She thinks it’s a waste of time.B) She thinks it’s quite helpful.C) She thinks it’s not informative enough.D) She thinks it’s too difficult for her.3.What kind of assistance does Alice seek regarding her writing improvement?A) Reading tipsB) Speaking tipsC) Writing tipsD) Vocabulary tips4.What does Bob suggest Alice do to improve her writing?A) Practice reading a lotB) Practice writing short essays regularlyC) Focus solely on spoken EnglishD) Take a proofreading course5.What is one aspect of the TOEFL exam that Alice needs to improve on?A) Listening skillsB) Reading skillsC) Writing skillsD) All of the aboveAnswers:1.B2.B3.C4.B5.C二、词汇-选择填空（本大题有10小题，每小题1分，共10分）1、In today’s fast-paced world, staying healthy requires a__________balance of physical exercise, a nutritious diet, and mental well-being.A. perfectB. perfectibleC. perfectiveD. perfectible答案：A解析：选项A “perfect” 意为“完美的”，符合题意。

2024年全国硕士研究生入学考试英语试题

2024年全国硕士研究生入学考试英语试题2024 National Postgraduate Entrance Examination English TestPart I Reading Comprehension (共40分)Section ADirections: In this section, there are four passages followed by questions or unfinished statements. For each of them, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer and mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scorable answer sheet.Passage OneQuestions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage.Social media has become an integral part of our daily lives. With the rise of platforms such as Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram, people are now more connected than ever before. However, along with the benefits of social media come potential risks.1. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true about social media?A. It has become an integral part of our daily lives.B. People are more connected than ever before because of it.C. It only brings benefits and no risks.D. Various platforms such as Facebook are mentioned.2. What is the main idea of the passage?A. The benefits of social media.B. The risks of social media.C. The rise of social media platforms.D. The importance of staying connected.3. What is the potential risk of using social media mentioned in the passage?A. Becoming more connected with others.B. Spending too much time online.C. Sharing personal information.D. Using various platforms.4. According to the passage, what are some popular social media platforms?A. Twitter, Facebook, LinkedIn.B. TikTok, WhatsApp, Snapchat.C. Instagram, Facebook, Twitter.D. YouTube, Reddit, Tumblr.5. Which of the following statements best summarizes the passage?A. Social media has no risks.B. Social media has changed how we stay connected.C. Social media has no benefits.D. Social media is harmful to society.Section BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once.Passage TwoQuestions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage.It is commonly believed that the human brain is divided into two hemispheres, with the left hemisphere responsible forlogical thinking and the right hemisphere responsible for creativity. However, recent studies have shown that this idea is not entirely accurate. While there are certain differences between the left and right hemispheres, they work together in complex ways to process information.Which paragraph discusses the belief about the left hemisphere being associated with logical thinking?Which paragraph mentions recent studies that have shown the idea of brain hemisphere division to be inaccurate?Which paragraph mentions the role of the right hemisphere?Which paragraph discusses how the left and right hemispheres work together?Which paragraph is the following statement found in: "The human brain is commonly thought to be divided into two hemispheres, each responsible for different functions."?Part II Vocabulary and Structure (共20分)Section ADirections: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this section. For each sentence, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence and mark thecorresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scorable answer sheet.11. Could you please _______ off the lights before you leave?A. turnB. turningC. turnedD. to turn12. I haven't seen him since last week. He _______ on vacation.A. must have goneB. may goC. must goD. should go13. The book was so interesting that I just couldn't _______ it down.A. putB. dropC. setD. turn14. Sarah _______ in bed reading when I called her.A. layB. laysC. lyingD. laid15. John _______ his birthday party next weekend.A. arrangedB. will arrangeC. is arrangingD. arrangeSection BDirections: In this section, there are 20 sentences that contain a mistake. Each sentence is followed by four choices. Mark the part that is incorrect by placing a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scorable answer sheet.16. The weather is so nice today that we will go for a picnic[A] in the park.A. The weatherB. is so niceC. todayD. in the park17. My sister is very good at playing the guitar, she has been[A] taking lessons for years.A. My sisterB. is very goodC. playing the guitar,D. she has been18. They went to the cinema to watch the new movie that everyone have[A] been talking about.A. They wentB. to the cinemaC. everyone haveD. been talking19. Jim wants to buy a new car, but he hasn't decided[B] what make and model he wants yet.A. wants to buyB. hasn't decidedC. what make and modelD. he wants20. The manager asked me if I can[A] work overtime[A] this weekend to finish the project.A. if I canB. work overtimeC. this weekendD. to finish the project.Part III Reading Comprehension (共20分)Directions: There are three passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer and mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on yourmachine-scorable answer sheet.Passage ThreeQuestions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.Climate change is a pressing global issue that affects all living beings on Earth. The rise in temperatures, extreme weather events, and melting ice caps are just a few of the many consequences of climate change. It is crucial that we take action now to mitigate these effects and protect our planet for future generations.21. What is the main topic of the passage?A. The consequences of climate change.B. Ways to combat climate change.C. The importance of protecting the planet.D. Global warming and its effects.22. What does the passage mention as a consequence of climate change?A. Decrease in carbon emissions.B. Rise in temperatures.C. Stable weather conditions.D. Increase in ice caps.23. According to the passage, why is it crucial to take action now?A. To delay the effects of climate change.B. To protect future generations.C. To increase extreme weather events.D. To ignore the consequences.24. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a result of climate change in the passage?A. Extreme weather events.B. Melting ice caps.C. Increase in carbon emissions.D. Rise in temperatures.25. What is the author's stance on climate change?A. It is a problem that will go away on its own.B. Action needs to be taken to protect the planet.C. Climate change is not a serious global issue.D. The consequences are not severe.Part IV Writing (共20分)Directions: For this part, you are asked to write an essay in English in about 150-200 words based on the following pictures.Picture 1: A crowded city street with people rushing in different directions.Picture 2: A serene park with greenery and trees, people leisurely walking.Write your composition with a clear logical structure, proper use of words, and avoid plagiarism.Overall, this English test is designed to assess your reading comprehension, vocabulary, grammar, and writing skills. Good luck!。

2024年全国硕士研究生英语卷

2024年全国硕士研究生英语卷2024 National Master's Entrance English ExamSection I: Reading Comprehension (40 Points)Part A: Multiple Choice (20 Points)1. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT a characteristic of successful entrepreneurs?A. Passion and dedicationB. Strong leadership skillsC. Risk aversionD. Persistence and resilience2. What is the main idea of the passage?A. The importance of innovation in businessB. The role of failure in fostering successC. The characteristics of successful entrepreneursD. The benefits of entrepreneurship education3. According to the passage, what is one way in which entrepreneurs can overcome failure?A. By avoiding taking risksB. By blaming others for their mistakesC. By seeking feedback and learning from their experienceD. By giving up and finding a new career pathPart B: Short Answer Questions (20 Points)4. Briefly summarize the main points of the passage.5. Explain how the concept of "failing forward" is related to entrepreneurship.6. Give an example of a successful entrepreneur and explain how they embody the characteristics discussed in the passage.7. How can entrepreneurship education help prepare individuals for success in the business world?Section II: Writing (60 Points)Part A: Essay (40 Points)In recent years, there has been a growing trend towards remote work and online businesses. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of this trend, and give your opinion on whether it will continue in the future.Part B: Letter Writing (20 Points)Write a letter to a friend who is considering starting their own business. Offer them advice on how to overcome challenges and achieve success as an entrepreneur.This exam is designed to assess your reading comprehension skills, critical thinking abilities, and writing proficiency. Good luck!。

学术性硕士研究生学位英语试卷(历年真题)

AGENERAL ENGLISH QUALIFYING TEST FOR NON-ENGLISH MAJORGRADUATE STUDENTS考试注意事项一、本考试分A, B两种试卷，请考生拿到试卷后在答题卡的试卷类型一栏标明。

如：拿到A卷就在试卷类型一栏的字母[A]上划横线，拿到B卷在[B]上划横线。

不标明A、B卷的试卷将以作废处理。

请考生在机读卡的“学号”一栏填涂学号。

二、A、B卷都分别由两份试卷组成：试卷一(Paper One) 包括听力理解、词汇、完形填空与阅读理解四部分，共80题，按序号统一编号；试卷二(Paper Two) 包括翻译与写作两部分，共3题。

三、试卷一(题号1-80 )为客观评分题，答案一律用中性2B铅笔做在机读卡上, 在对应题号下所选字母中间划黑道。

四、卷二为主观评分题，答案做在ANSWER SHEET II上，答题前，请仔细阅读试卷二的注意事项。

五、答案一律写在答题纸上，否则无效。

六、本考试全部时间为180分钟。

其中，试卷一为100分钟，听力理解部分的时间以放完录音为准，大约20分钟；其余部分所占时间与得分标准标在试卷上，由考生自行掌握。

试卷二为80分钟。

每部分所占时间均标在试卷上，考生可自行掌握。

考试终了时间一到，考生一律停笔，将试卷和答案留在座位上，待监考老师收点无误后，经主考老师宣布本考试结束后方可离开考场。

PAPER ONEPART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION (15 minutes, 15 points)Section A (1 point each)Directions: In this section you will hear nine short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause, during the pause, you must read the suggested answer marked A, B, C and D and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.1. A. He can't read French novels without the help of his teacher.B. He has no problems understanding French novels.C. He cannot do away with dictionaries when he reads French novels.D. He fell on a dictionary when he is reading a French novel.2. A. She'd like to take a later flight.B. They won't arrive late.C. They should leave for the airport immediately.D. She isn't afraid to travel alone.3. A. To apply for a job.B. To find out her position in the company.C. To offer her a position in the company.D. To make an appointment with the sales manager.4. A. She has to get ready for her speech.B. She doesn't like sea food.C. She thinks the restaurant is too expensive.D. She will accompany the man to the restaurant.5. A. It's no longer of any use to her.B. She feels the man's apology is enough.C. It does have a back cover.D. She is a generous woman by nature.6. A. To a guest house.B. To the theater.C. To a hotel.D.To a restaurant.7. A. To remind him of the time for the film.B. To tell him she is busy.C. To ask him to go to the movies.D.To invite him to sing.8. A. He is curious.B .He is satisfied.C. He is exhausted.D.He is impatient.9. A. Looking for a job.B. Looking for an apartment.C. Taking a suburban excursion.D.Asking the man for his opinions.Section B (1 point each)Directions: In this section, you will hear two short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the question will be spoken only once. After you hear one question, you must choose the answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. Then mark the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.Questions 10~12 are based on the following passage:10.A. Intellectual challenge.B. Social challenge.C. Physical challengeD. Economic challenge..11.A. Building pyramids.B. Exploring the spaceC. Making plans for transportation.D. Painting a picture.12. A. They face them.B. They are interested in them.C. They accept and enjoy them.D. They ignore themQuestions 13 — 15 are based on the following passage:13. A. It's a new method to measure a country's production.B. It's a way to study the economies of different countries.C. It's a new system to help make economic decisions.D. It's a means to understand a country's economic changes.14. A. GDP does not include earnings of companies operating in foreign countries.B. GDP counts only goods and services produced within the nation's borders.C. GDP refers to earnings from home-made products.D. Earnings by foreign-owned companies are not included in GDP.15. A. Because economic experts generally approve GDP.B. Because most industrial countries used GDP.C. Because GDP provides a truer measure of a country's economy.D. Because GDP is easier to be understood.PART II VOCABULARY ( 15 minutes, 10 points)Section A ( 0.5 point each)Directions: In this section there are ten sentences, each with one word or phrase underlined. Choose the one from the four choices marked A, B, C and D that best keeps the meaning of the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.16. Reports of torture and mass execution in the concentration camps have outragedthe world religious leaders.A. irritatedB. slashedC. ragedD. reminded17.Thousands of English words derive from Latin.A. obtainB. detectC. decodeD. originate18.I have always regarded him as a man of integrity.A. characterB. integrationC. kindnessD. uprightness19. What a tremendous party it's been! I have enjoyed every minute of it.A. humorousB. fortunateC. contentD. wonderful20. Jefferson believed in human rights. He approved of the French Revolution.A. joinedB. opposedC. devotedD. was in favor of21.People are understandably wary of the new government.A. gratefulB. hostileC. cautiousD. ironic22.She gave a cordial reception to her guest.A. welcomeB. partyC. invitationD. overcoat23. This is one of several extraordinary scenes in the movie, including the suddenmurder of a young man that triggers the suppressed desire between George and Lucy.A. activatedB. wipedC. meddledD. posed24. William E. Boeing, founder of the company that designed the 747, had to resort tomanufacturing bedroom furniture to survive some lean years.A. come toB. turn toC. add toD. apply to25. These changes have made the campus an easier place for people with handicaps.A. disabilitiesB. casualtiesC. obstaclesD. injuriesSection B (0.5 point each)Directions: In this section, there are ten incomplete sentences. For each sentence, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.26. If you want to know the train schedule, please ______ at the booking office.A. acquireB. inquireC. requestD. require27. One of the rumors ____ at the moment is that the company is about to gobankrupt.A. evaporatingB. circulatingC. emittingD. elaborating28. This candidate has an impressively _____ range of interests and experience.A. diverseB. reverseC. adverseD. controversial29. China will continue to be the most ______ economic region in Asia.A. effectiveB. intermediateC. practicalD. dynamic30. May I _____ that if we don't leave now we shall miss the bus?A. point outB. pick outC. wipe outD. make out31. The patient condition has _______ since he had a heart attack.A. deterioratedB. decreasedB. treated D. diagnosed32.The policeman stopped him when he was driving home and ______ him ofspeeding.A. chargedB.accusedC. blamedD. weary33.The poverty of some of the districts is an _____ to good education.A. objectionB. obstacle:C. obligationD. obsession34. It has become necessary to develop new and better tools of market research inorder to _____sales with greater certainty because production and purchasing has to be adjusted to sales expectations.A. foster C. forecastB. calculate D. promote35. In the past few years the workers have_____ a lot of suggestions, some of whichare being put into practice.A. put downB. put offC. put outD. put forwardPART III CLOZE TEST ( 20 minutes 15 points)Directions: Read the passage through. Then go back and choose one item of suitable word(s) marked A, B, C or D for each blank in the passage. Mark the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.36. A. in charge of B. responsible for C. controlling D. accused of37. A. setbacks B. troubles C. crisis D. difficulties38. A. promote B. enhance C. raise D. speed up39. A. in line with B. according to C. based on D. depended on40. A. If B. Since C. While D. Although41. A. requirement B. demand C. necessity D. possibility42. A. lift B. boost C. develop D. accelerate43. A. versatile B. susceptible C. flexible D. fresh44. A. make B. take C. assign D. allocate45. A. items B. terms C. lists D. projects46. A. well-off B. well-being C. well-to-do D. welfare47. A. insurance B. funds C. coverage D. reports48. A. despite B. as C. supposing D. given49. A. As a result B. In a word C. Generally D. all in all50. A. instead of B. would rather C. as well as D. rather thanPART IV READING COMPREHENSION (60 minutes, 30 points) Directions: In this part of the test, there are five short passages for you to read. Read each passage carefully, and hen do the questions that follow. Choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D and then mark the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.Passage 1Gopher Prairie, in which the action of Sinclair Lewis' Main Street (1920) takes place, is a town of 3, 000 inhabitants, smug, dull people whose one idea is to get on materially. They have no use for anyone who wishes something better for them; they oppose civic（市政的）reform, cultural and educational projects. The most honored citizens are bankers. Carol, who has been to college and held a position as a librarian, comes to Gopher Prairie to live with her doctor husband. Appalled by the stagnant（停滞的）life of the town, and failing to become adjusted to it, she tries a number of cultural ideas. Her efforts to establish a little theater meet with no encouragement. Indeed, the people merely think she is putting on airs. Her affection for her husband wanes（衰落）, and she takes up with Erik Valborg, in whom she sees a spirit akin（类似的）to her own. She leaves the little town for Washington, D. C., where she works as a government clerk. Later she returns to Gopher Prairie, better equipped than before to understand the forces which shape Main Street.At the time of its first appearance, Main Street provoked a storm of protest on the ground that the novelist libeled（诽谤）good Americans. Today, no one thinks of repeating this charge. Indeed, as Lewis Gannett points out, Main Street has in no way changed except externally; it is the same Main Street; yet, doubtless it reads Sinclair Lewis' novels as eagerly as the rest of the nation. At the time when Main Street was published Lewis was accused of hating dull people. The novelist retorted that he did not hate them: he loved them. The truth is, the world of 1920 could not stand criticism. The Pulitzer Prize committee refused to award Main Street a prize. The novelist was to have his revenge six years later, when he rejected the same award for Arro w smith .51. Which of the following is the central preoccupation of the people of GopherPrairie?A. Progressive education.B. Material possessions.C. Cultural activity.D. Civic reform.52. When the people of Gopher Prairie thought that Carol was "putting on airs, " theymeant that she ______.A. talkativeB. pretentiousC. organizedD. overdressed53. In the first paragraph, Erik Valborg's spirit is said to be "akin" to Carol's, because they ______ .A. are related by marriageB. share a common religionC. have mutual interestsD. are emotional people54. According to the passage, why was there such adverse reaction to Main Street in1920?A. People were reluctant to admit their faults.B. Sinclair Lewis did not like honorable citizens.C. Gopher Prairie was portrayed inaccurately.D. The main character led an unconventional life.55. According to the passage, which of the following statements best explains whySinclair Lewis rejected the Pulitzer Prize for Arrowsmith?A. He thought Arrowsmith was not worthy of the honor.B. He disapproved of the composition of the Pulitzer Prize committee.C. He claimed that the Pulitzer Prize had no status.D. He felt the committee had unjustly overlooked his previous work.Passage 2It is all very well to blame traffic jams, the cost of petrol and the quick pace of modern life, but manners on the roads are becoming horrible. Everybody knows that the nicest men become monsters behind the wheel. It is all very well, again, to have a tiger in the tank, but to have one in the driver's seat is another matter altogether. You might tolerate the odd road-hog, the rude and inconsiderate driver, butnowadays the well-mannered motorist is the exception to the rule. Perhaps the situation calls for a "Be Kind to Other Drivers" campaign, otherwise it may get completely out of hand.Road politeness is not only good manners, but good sense too. It takes the most cool-headed and good-tempered of drivers to resist the temptation to revenge when subjected to uncivilized behavior. On the other hand, a little politeness goes a long way towards relieving the tensions of motoring. A friendly nod or a wave of acknowledgement in response to an act of politeness helps to create an atmosphere of goodwill and tolerance so necessary in modern traffic conditions. But such acknowledgements of politeness are all too rare today. Many drivers nowadays don't even seem able to recognize politeness when they see it.However, misplaced politeness can also be dangerous. Typical examples are the driver who brakes violently to allow a car to emerge from a side street at some hazard to following traffic, when a few seconds later the road would be clear anyway; or the man who waves a child across a zebra crossing into the path of oncoming vehicles that may be unable to stop in time. The same goes for encouraging old ladies to cross the road wherever and whenever they care to. It always amazes me that the highways are not covered with the dead bodies of these grannies.A veteran driver, whose manners are faultless, told me it would help if motorists learnt to filter correctly into traffic streams one at a time without causing the total blockages that give rise to bad temper. Unfortunately, modern motorists can't even learn to drive, let alone master the subtler aspects of roadsmanship. Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time for all of us to take this message to heart.56. According to the passage, troubles on the road are primarily caused by _____.A. people's attitude towards the road-hogB. the rhythm of modern lifeC. the behavior of the driverD. traffic conditions57. The sentence "You might tolerate the odd road-hog ... the rule. " (para. 1) impliesthat ________.A. our society is unjust towards well-mannered motoristsB. rude drivers can be met only occasionallyC. the well-mannered motorist cannot tolerate the road-hogD. nowadays impolite drivers constitute the majority of motorists58. By "good sense", the writer means _______ .A. the driver's ability to understand and react reasonablyB. the driver's prompt response to difficult and severe conditionsC. the driver's tolerance of rude or even savage behaviorD. the driver's acknowledgement of politeness and regulations59. Experts have long pointed out that in the face of car-ownership explosion,______.A. road users should make more sacrificeB. drivers should be ready to yield to each otherC. drivers should have more communication among themselvesD. drivers will suffer great loss if they pay no respect to others60. In the writer's opinion, ______.A. strict traffic regulations are badly neededB. drivers should apply road politeness properlyC. rude drivers should be punishedD. drivers should avoid traffic jamsPassage 3As a medium of exchange, money permits the separation of exchange into the two distinct acts of buying and selling, without requiring the seller to purchase goods from the person who buys his products, or vice versa（反之亦然）. Hence, producers who know they will be paid in money, can concentrate on finding the most suitable outlet for their goods, while buyers who will pay in money, can concentrate on finding cheapest market for the things they wish to purchase. Specialization, which is vital to an advanced economy, is encouraged, because people whose output is not a complete product but only a part of one in which many others are involved can be paid an amount equivalent to their share of the product.Another advantage of money is that it is a measure of value — that is, it serves as a unit in terms of which the relative values of different products can be expressed. In a barter economy（物物交换经济）it would be necessary to determine how many plates were worth one hundred weight of cotton, or how many pens should be exchanged for a ton of coal, which would be a difficult and time-consuming task. The process of establishing relative values would have to be undertaken for every act of exchange, according to what products were being offered against one another, and according to the two parties' desires and preferences. If I am trying to barter fish for bananas, for example, a lot would depend on whether the person willing to exchange bananas is or is not keen on fish.Thirdly, money acts as a store of wealth. It is difficult to image saving under a barter system. No one engaged on only one stage in the manufacture of a product could save part of his output, since he would be producing nothing complete. Even when a person actually produced a complete product the difficulties would be overwhelming. Most products deteriorate fairly rapidly, either physically or in value, as a result of long storage; even if storage were possible, the practice of storing products for years on would involve obvious disadvantages — imagine a coal-miner attempting to save enough coal, which of course is his product, to keep him for life. If wealth could not be saved, or only with great difficulty, future needs could not be provided for, or capital accumulated to raise productivity.61. Using money as a medium of exchange means that ______.A. you have to sell something in order to buy somethingB. you have to buy something in order to sell somethingC. you don't have to buy something in order to sell somethingD. the seller and the purchaser are the same person62. Specialization is encouraged because _______.A. people can use their money to buy whatever they wantB. people do not need to make a complete product for exchangeC. people make a great contribution to the manufacture of a productD. people can not use their money to buy whatever they want63. A barter economy is one in which _______.A. value is decided by weightB. value is decided by numberC. money is used and goods are not exchangedD. goods are exchanged and money is not used26164. If one had to save products instead of money, _______.A. this would need years of practiceB. coal, for example, would lose its valueC. they could not be stored for years on endD. many products would lose their value65.How many advantages of money are mentioned in this passage?A. Two.B. Three.C. Four.D. Five.Passage 4Kristina Mercier noticed her ten-year-old son, Brad, was becoming a nervous wreck（精神脆弱者）the closer it got to test day. A high school English teacher in Wilmington, North Carolina, says Brad was terrified he'd flunk（不及格） a state-mandated test（州统考）. "He didn't want to go to school and started crying about every little thing," she says. "For a while, he was even having nightmares. I thought I'd have to take him to a psychiatrist. Then I found out the school principal was getting on the intercom every morning and saying, ' I want you to work really hard today so you'll pass the test. ' Brad has always been a bit of a worrier. He really took it to heart."The rise of standardized tests has had some unfortunate results. Now mandated （规定）by 48 states, such tests are intended to raise standards, providing parents —and legislators — with a measuring stick of how well teachers are doing. School district budgets, teacher pay and bonuses（奖金）, and student grade advancement are tied to test performance in a growing number of communities. As educators feel the heat, so do the kids — and some can't handle it. "Kids see their teachers' anxiety over the tests and that makes them feel there's something to really worry about," says Leo Mickey Fenzel, Ph.D., associate professor of psychology at Loyola College in Maryland, and author of several studies on children's stress. "Even the best students get nervous because they're afraid they'll mess up and disappoint teachers, parents, and themselves."Devin O'Leary of Bloomington, Indiana, had a full-fledged（全面的）meltdown （垮台）, thanks to his statewide third-grade test. "For weeks, teachers let the children know that this was a very serious test — the school had placed below the state averagein the past, so everyone was uptight（紧张的）, " says Debby O'Leary, his mother. Then, on test day, Devin was scolded for leaving his chair to help another child who was whining（嘀咕）because he couldn't do the math problems. "Devin got hysterical（歇斯底里）; he was crying and shaking so much he had to be sent to the principal's office, " she says. Although her son scored in the ninety-seventh percentile, Debby is relieved to know that he won't have another such test until he's in the sixth grade.Ramirez Miller has seen kids cry, get sick to their stomachs, even wet their pants over such pressure. But she's found ways to ease the strain on the kids in her class. "We used to give the tests cold turkey, but now we teach basic test skills, like how to fill out an answer bubble, and give practice exams, so kids become comfortable with the questions, " she says."I try to make the two weeks before the test very relaxed, because if I'm showing stress, it will be transmitted to the children." The result? Relaxed children and higher scores. Which proves that, with some insight and creativity, school stress need not be a required part of the curriculum.66. Which of the following applies to the description of Kristina Mercier's son afterhis examination?A. He was completely destroyed by the horrible stated-mandated test.B. He showed certain symptoms of nervous breakdown.C. He couldn't concentrate on doing things related to the exam.D. He was brought to the hospital for advice from a psychiatrist.67. What is the purpose of the increase of standardized tests in 48 states in the USA?A. To improve the standards of teaching and help offering a reference framework.B. To help raise the school region budgets, teacher's salary and his or her bonuses.C. T o make the examination more complicated to be handled with by the students.D. To put both the teachers and students under certain pressure for furtheradvancement.68. The first sentence in the third paragraph refers to that ______.A. Devin got a perfect mark in the state-mandated test when he was in the thirdgradeB. Devin melt a full cup of ice when he participated in his third grade test in thestateC. Devin was thoroughly destroyed in his mind because of his behavior in the testD. Devin was very grateful for the statewide test in that he fled from themeltdown69. What is the probable meaning of "cold turkey" in the last paragraph?A. A large, widely domesticated North American bird with cold body.B. An uncooked cold dish provided in the test like salad.C. A retarded child who acted like a dumb cold turkey.D. A sudden or unprepared administration of certain examination.70.What's the author's attitude towards the rise of American standardized tests?A. Approval.B. Objection.C. Objectivity.D. Indifference.Passage 5Whether the eyes are "the windows of the soul" is debatable; that they are intensely important in interpersonal communication is a fact. During the first two months of a baby's life, the stimulus that produces a smile is a pair of eyes. The eyes need not be real: a mask with two dots will produce a smile. Significantly, a real human face with eyes covered will not motivate a smile, nor will the sight of only one eye when the face is presented in profile. This attraction to eyes as opposed to the nose or mouth continues as the baby matures. In one study, when American four-year-olds were asked to draw people, 75 percent of them drew people with mouths, but 99 percent of them drew people with eyes. In Japan, however, where babies are carried on their mother's back, infants do not acquire as much attachment to eyes as they do in other cultures. As a result, Japanese adults make little use of the face either to encode or decode meaning. In fact, Argyle reveals that the "proper place to focus one's gaze during a conversation in Japan is on the neck of one's conversation partner."The role of eye contact in a conversational exchange between two Americans is well defined: speakers make contact with the eyes of their listener for about one second, then glance away as they talk; in a few moments they re-establish eye contact with the listener or reassure themselves that their audience is still attentive, then shift their gaze away once more. Listeners, meanwhile, keep their eyes on the face of the speaker, allowing themselves to glance away only briefly. It is important that they be looking at the speaker at the precise moment when the speaker re-establishes eye contact: if they are not looking, the speaker assumes that they are disinterested and either will pause until eye contact is resumed or will terminate the conversation. Just how critical this eye maneuvering is to the maintenance of conversational flow becomes evident when two speakers are wearing dark glasses: there may be a sort of traffic jam of words caused by interruption, false starts, and unpredictable pauses.71. The author is convinced that the eyes are ______ .A. of extreme importance in expressing feeling and exchanging ideasB. something through which one can see a person's inner worldC. of considerable significance in making conversations interestingD. something the value of which is largely a matter of long debate72. Babies will not be stimulated to smile by a person _______ .A. whose front view is fully perceivedB. whose face is covered with a maskC. whose face is seen from the sideD. whose face is free of any covering73. According to the passage, the Japanese fix their gaze on their conversationpartner's neck because _______.A. they don't like to keep their eyes on the face of the speakerB. they need not communicate through eye contactC. they don't think it polite to have eye contactD. t hey didn't have much opportunity to communicate through eye contact inbabyhood74. According to the passage, a conversation between two Americans may break down。

硕士学位英语考试题

硕士学位英语考试题一、阅读理解（共30分）阅读下列短文，然后回答1-5题。

每题2分。

In recent years, the number of people who commute to work by bicycle has been increasing significantly. This trend is not only beneficial for the environment but also for the health of the individuals involved. Bicycling to work can reduce traffic congestion and air pollution, as fewer cars are needed on the road. Moreover, it provides a regular source of exercise, which can help to improve cardiovascular health and reduce the risk of chronic diseases.1. What is the main reason for the increase in bicycle commuting?A. Health benefitsB. Environmental concernsC. Traffic congestionD. Cost savings2. Which of the following is NOT a benefit of bicycling to work mentioned in the passage?A. Reduced traffic congestionB. Lower air pollutionC. Improved public transportationD. Better health outcomes3. According to the passage, what is the effect of bicycling on the environment?A. It increases pollution.B. It decreases pollution.C. It has no effect.D. It is harmful to the environment.4. How does bicycling to work contribute to personal health?A. By reducing the risk of chronic diseasesB. By causing more traffic accidentsC. By increasing stress levelsD. By causing more air pollution5. What can be inferred from the passage about the future of bicycle commuting?A. It will continue to increase.B. It will decrease in popularity.C. It will be replaced by electric cars.D. It will have no impact on the environment.二、词汇与语法（共20分）6-15题，每题2分。

硕士学位英语考试试题

硕士学位英语考试试题PAPER ONEPART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION (15 MINUTES, 15 points) Section A ( 1 point each )1. A. He was on vacation. B. He was moving furniture.C. He was sick.D. He was working for a new company.2. A. He does not understand it. B. He does not like it.C. He is used to it.D. He does not have to take it.3. A. He is interested only in her ideas.B. He will not accept a late paper from her.C. He wants her to hand in her paper immediately.D. He will accept a late paper from her.4. A. In a kitchen. B. In a garden. C. At the pictures. D. In an office.5. A. Five B. Four. C. Seven. D. Six.6. A. She was experienced in riding a bicycle.B. She was riding very slowly at that moment.C. She was riding a new bike.D. Some passes-by help her.7. A. She can't see. B. Her ears was hurt.C. She can’t hear.D. Her eyes hurt.8. A. She feels that he won't accept anything.B. She thinks he has almost everything he wants.C. She's sure he already has a pocket calculator.D. She's afraid he wants more than she can afford.9. A. At the jewelry store. B. Down the hall.C. From other customers.D. From a machineSection B ( 1 point each )Question 10 through 12 are base on the following conversation.10. A. Peter's research paper. B. Peter's composition.C.A library book.D. Peter's take-home exam.11. A. By studying in the library. B. He was absent that day.C. He did very well.D. He did very poorly.12. A. Talk to the professor. B. Quit working.C. Get a better-paying job.D. Try to get a job on the campus.Question 13 through 15 are base on the following passage.13. A. The development of animals. B. The development of land animal.C. The origin of sea creatures.D. The origin of human beings14. A. Stand on their heads. B. Swim backward.C. Move on their fins.D. Swim upside down.15. A. The appearance of tile fish. B. The size and the color of fish.C. The way the fish swims.D. The way the Fish uses its fins.PART II VOCABULARY ( 10 MINUTES, 10 POINTS )Section A ( 0.5 point each )16. Frank and Jauntier asked their science teacher to settle the dispute once and for all.A. temporarilyB. permanentlyC. cautiouslyD. decisively17.The police found it difficult to apprehend the criminal because of the incomplete details supplied by the witness.A. sketchyB. complicatedC. sternD. artistic18.In order to maintain physical well-being, a person should eat wholesome food and get sufficient exercise.A. freshB. staleC. well-cookedD. healthful19. Not afraid of being fired, John Smith continued to defy the boss.A. avoidB. admireC. opposeD. guide20. Many pure metals have little use because they are too soft, rust too easily, or have some other drawbacks.A. propertiesB. behaviorC. disadvantagesD. performances21. After a number of disagreements with the committee, the chairman decided to quit.A. resignB. dismissC. retireD. desert22. The experiment shows this cathode emits electrons in a controlled environment.A. submitsB. gives offC. rejectsD. passes by .23. To what place are you going to haul the furniture that you no longer need.A. sellB. putC. transportD. paint24. The zealous demonstrators were ignored by all the media of this country.A. passionateB. colorfulC. rudeD. clever25. In prehistoric times, eclipses of the moon and Sun were probably terrifying to people.A. meaningfulB. fascinatingC. frighteningD. helpfulSection B (0.5 point each)26. Lisa objected to wearing her championship pin; she didn't want to be considered ______.A. obscureB. VainC. dishonestD. humble27. The meeting ended ______.when a police officer told club members that the building was on fire.A. affectedlyB. fatallyC. exhaustinglyD. abruptlyZ8.Marie fainted in the store and found herself in the hospital when she ______.A. came alongB. came backC. came toD. came out29.The boys knew they broken the rules and regulations, and they were______happy when they were called to the headmaster's office.A. nothing butB. all butC. anything butD. all too30. His parents gave him many expensive toys as some form of ______.for his lameness and inability to lay active games.A. compensationB. remedyC. treatmentD. gratitude3l. The teacher was______.of his duty, and he was criticized for this.A. illegibleB. NegligentC. illegalD. negligible32. What I am telling you is strictly______. Don't let anyone know of it.A. secretiveB. specialC. individualD. confidential33. The beautiful flowers in the vase______.hrough lack of water.A. decreasedB. sweatedC. witheredD. ripened34. She's always______.the way I do things, so I can hardly get along welt with her.A. making the best ofB. finding fault withC. coming up withD. having the advantage over35. The young lady speaks so softly that her voice is not really______.A. fragileB. audibleC. brittleD. decentPART III CLOZE TEST (I0 MINUTES, 15 POINTS)Parents have to do much less for their children today than they used to do, and home has become much less of a workshop. Clothes can be bought ready 36, washing can go to the laundry, food can be bought cooked, canned or 37 ,bread is baked and delivered by the baker, milk 38 on the doorstep, meals can be had at the restaurant ,the works' canteen and the school dining-room.It is unusual now for father to 39 his trade or other employment at home, and his children rarely, 40, see him at his place of work. Boys are therefore seldom trained to 41 their father's occupation and in many towns they have a fair wide 42 of employment and so do girls. The young wage-earner often earns good money, and soon acquires a feeling of 43 independence. In textile areas it has 44 for mothers to go out to work, 45 this practice has become so widespread that the working mother is now a not unusual 46 in a child's home life the number of married women in employment having more than doubled in the last twenty-five years. With mother earning and his old children-draw 47 wages, father is seldom the 48 figure that he still was at the beginning of the Century. 49 mother work, economic advantages increase, but children lose something of 50 value if mother's employment prevent her from being home to greet them when they return from school.36. A. made B. shaped C. set D. fixed37. A. deserved B. preserved C. reserved D. conserved38. A. arrives B. reaches C. transports D. transfers39. A. persuade B. pursue C. purchase D. persecute40. A. if ever B. if not C. if any D. if only41. A. catch B. make C. get D. follow42. A. distribution B. opportunity C. fate D. choice43. A. economic B. economical C. personal D. living44. A. customary B. essential C. fundamental D. unnecessary45. A. or B. but C. so D. then46. A. focus B. favor C. factor D. fear47. A. inaccurate B. substantial C. inadequate D. standard48. A. negative B. modest C. superior D. dominant49. A. Even if B. Though C. Before D. When50. A. little B. small C. large D. greatPART IV READING COMPREHENSION (45 MINUTES, 30 POINTS)Passage OneWe use emotive language to express our own attitudes and feelings. We also direct emotive language at other people to persuade them to believe as we do or to do as we wantthem to do; and of course, other people direct emotive language at us to get us to believe or to do what they want.We are subjected to a constant stream of persuasion day in, day out, at home and in school, on the radio and on television. It comes from parents and teachers, from preachers and politicians, from editors and commentators, but, most of all, of course, from advertisers. Most of this persuasion is expressed in emotive language and is intended to appeal to our feelings rather than to be weighted up by our powers of reasoning.We should look at the motives behind all this persuasion. Why do they want to persuade us ? What do they want us to do ? We are not thinking very clearly unless we try to see through the veil of words and realize something of the speaker's purpose.An appeal to emotion is in itself neither good or bad. Our emotions on the highest levels and from the best of motives. A case in point is Churchill's wartime speeches: whatever people thought of Churchill as a politician, they were united behind him when he spoke as a national leader in those dark days their feelings responded to his call for resolution and unity.It is a characteristic of social groups that the members have a feeling of personal attachment to the group -- to the family in earliest childhood and extending later to the school, the team, the church, the nation, in patterns that vary from time to time. Hence a speaker from our group will find in us feelings to which he can readily and genuinely appeal, whether our reaction is favorable or not. We are at least open to the appeal and we appreciate the context in which it is made.51. The major functions of emotive language discussed in the passage are to______A. extend our powers of reasoning and carry out a purposeB. advertise and produce the wanted social effectsC. show one's Feelings and appeal to those of othersD. make others believe in us and respond to our feeling52. It is suggested in the third paragraph of this passage that we______A. should keep a cool head when subjected to persuasions of various kindsB. need to judge whether a persuasion is made for good or badC. have to carefully use our emotive languageD. should avoid being easily seen through by an appeal from others53. The source from which emotive language flows upon us in its greatest amount is______A. the mass mediaB. the educational institutionsC. the religious circlesD. the advertising business54. Churchill is mentioned in the passage as______A. an example of how people weighted up persuasion with reasoningB. a national leader who brought out people's best feelingsC. a positive example of appealing to people's emotionD. a politician who has been known as a good speaker55. What is NOT mentioned as relevant to our emotions in this passage ?A. SocialB. Personal experienceC. The personality of national leadersD. Religious belief56. It can be inferred from the passage that a persuasive speaker must______.A. find out what group his audience is attached toB. vary his speech patterns from time to timeC. know how to adapt his way of speaking to the needs of the audienceD. be aware whether the listeners are favorable to his opinion or notPassage TwoAs goods and services improved, people were persuaded to spend their money on changing from old to new, and found the change worth the expense. When an airline equipped itself with jets, for example, its costs (and therefore air fare) would go up, but the new planes meant such an improvement that the higher cost was justified. A new car (or wireless, washing machine, electric kettle)made life so much more comfortable than the old one that the high cost of replacement was fully repaid. Manufacturers still cry their wares as persuasively as ever, but are the improvements really worth paying for? In many field things have now reached such a high standard of performance that further progress is very limited and very, very expensive. Airlines, for example, go to enormous expense in buying the latest prestige jets, in which vast research costs we might lose the chance of cutting minutes away from flying times : but wouldn't it be better to see air fares drop dramatically, as capital costs become relatively insignificant ? Again, in the context of a 70 m.p.h. limit, with platoons of cars traveling so densely as to control each other's speeds, improvements in performance are virtually irrelevant; improvements in handling are unnecessary, as most production cars grip the road perfectly;and comfort has now reached a very high level indeed. Small improvements here are unlikely to be worth the thousands that anybody replacing an ordinary family car every two years may ultimately have spent on them. Let us instead have cars --- or wireless, electric kettles, washing machines, television sets-- which are made to last, and not to be replaced. Significant, progress is obviously a good thing; but the insignificant progression from model-change to model-change is not.57. The author obviously is challenging the social norm that______A. it is important to improve goods and servicesB. development of technology makes our life more comfortableC. it is reasonable that prices are going up all the timeD. slightly modified new products are worth buying58. According to this passage, air fares may rise because______.A. people tend to travel by new airplanesB. the airplane has been improvedC. the change is found to be reasonableD. the service on the airplane is better than before59. According to the author, passengers would be happier if they ______.A. could fly in the latest model of reputable planesB. could get tickets at much lower pricesC. see the airlines make vital changes in their servicesD. could spend less time flying in the air60. When manufacturers have improved the performance of their products to a certain level, then it would be _____.A. justified for them to cut the priceB. unnecessary for them to make any new changesC. difficult and costly to further better themD. insignificant for them to cut down the research costs61. In the case of cars, the author urges that we______A. cancel the speed limitB. further improve their performanceC. improve their durabilityD. change models every two years 62 The author's criticism is probably based on the fact that______A. we have been persuaded to live an extravagant life todayB. many products we buy turn out to be substandard or inferiorC. inflation is becoming a big problem in the world todayD. people are wasting their money on trivial technological progressPassage ThreeRecent studies on the male-female wage gap predict that even though entry-level salaries for males and females in the same occupation are nearly equal because women's market skills have improved vastly, the chances of the overall gap closing in the foreseeable future are minimal. This is due to several factors that are likely to change very slowly, if at all. An important reason is that women are concentrated in occupation- service and clerical- that pay less than traditional male jobs .It is possible that more women than men in their twenties are hesitant to commit themselves to a year-round lifetime career or job for many reasons. There is lingering attitude on both the part of women and their employers that women are not cut out for certain jobs. Not only does this attitude channel women into lower-paying work, but it also serves to keep them from top management positions.Another significant factor in the widening wage gap between men and women after entering the work force, even in comparable jobs, is that women often drop out at critical points in their careers to have a family. Women still have the primary responsibility for child rearing; even if they continue to work, they often forgo overtime and promotions that would conflict with home responsibilities. The ages of 25 to 35 have been shown repeatedly to be the period when working consistently and hard is vital to advancement and job security. These are precisely the years when women are likely to have children and begin to slide away from men in earning power. Consequently, a woman's income is more likely to be seen as secondary to her husband's .63. According to recent studies on the male-female wage gap _____.A. there is much hope of narrowing the male-female wage gap in the near futureB. working women will have many opportunities to hold high-paying jobs in the near futureC. women's pay will still stay at a level below that of men in the near futureD. salaries for males and females in the same , occupation will be equal in the nearfuture64. Women are kept from top management positions partly because they______A. decide to devote themselves to certain lifetime jobs in their twentiesB. are inclined to rank family second to workC. tend to have more quarrels with ,their employersD. still take an incorrect attitude towards themselves65.Which of the following is implied in the passage as a partial reason for women's concentration in certain occupations?A. Social division of laborB. Social prejudice against themC. Employment lawsD. Physiological weakness66. The word "forge" in Paragraph 2 could best be replaced by______A. give upB. drop outC. throw awayD. cut out67. It can be inferred from the second paragraph that______A. men's jobs are subject to changeB. women tend to be employed off and on at the same jobC. men's chances of promotion are minimalD. women used to be employed ail the year round68. Which of the following statements is NOT true?A. Women's market skills have improved greatly.B. child care is still chiefly women's work .C. Women are typically employed in clerical and service jobs.D. Domestic duties no longer conflict with women's jobs.Passage FourIt seems that the life of a television reporter is fantastically admired by many people. But this is only one side of the coin. First, he never goes deeply into any one subject-he may be expert at mastering a brief in a short time and "getting up" a subject, but a week later he is on to the next subject, and a week later still he is on to the subject after that. He seldom grasps with a full-scale investigation any one thing. He has to be able to forget what he was working on a few weeks before, otherwise his mind would become messed up.Second, a reporter does not have anything lasting to show for what he does-there is no shelf of books, no studio full of paintings. He pours his life into something which flickers in shadows across a screen and is gone forever. I have seen people in many television jobs turn at the end of watching one of their own programs and say something like: "Well, that's all those days / weeks / months of work. Travel and worry sunk without trace." As a way of life it comes to seem like blowing bubbles- entertaining to do, and the bubbles numerous and pretty to look at, and all different, but all disappearing into thin air.Third, the pace of the life is too fast. Not only is it destructive of one's private life; one does not even have time to give proper consideration to the things one is professionally concerned with not enough time to think, not enough time to read, not enough time to write one's commentary, prepare one's interviews and so on. When one disengages from it and allows one's perceptions, thinking, reading and the rest to proceed at their natural pace one gets an altogether unfamiliar sense of solidity and well--being.Fourth, the reporter is at the mercy of events. A revolution breaks out in Cuba so he is off here on the next plane. Somebody shoots President Reagan so he drops everything he is doing and flies to Washington. He is like a puppet pulled by strings -- the strings of the world's affairs. He is not motivated from within. He does not decide for himself what he would like to do , where he would like to go, what he would like to work on . He is activated from without, and his whole life becomes a kind of reflex action, a series of high-pressure responses to external stimuli. He has ceased to exist as an independent personality.69. A TV reporter never makes an in-depth study of a subject because______A. he usually gets one side of the pictureB. the subjects that he has to attend to often switch from one to anotherC. he does not know how to develop it to its full-scaleD. that is the life that suits him70. It is implied but not stated that many people______A. know nothing about the work of a TV reporterB. think the life of a TV reporter dull and boringC. have a biased opinion against the job of a TV reporterD. tend to underestimate the hard part of being a TV reporter71. TV reporting, according to this passage , is something______A. profitable for a person to take upB. interesting to do but quick to fade outC. causing a person to forget his previous workD. producing a lasting effect72. A TV reporter is in most need of______A. being a master of his timeB. proper consideration of his professionC. a comfortable life of his ownD. disengaging himself from work73. The activities of a TV reporter are largely geared to______A. his motivationB. his working styleC. current affairsD. reflex to pressure74. The title of this passage would best be given as______A. What a TV Reporter Can and Cannot AccomplishB. The Sorrows of TV ProfessionalsC. The Confession of a TV ReporterD. The Drawbacks in the Life of a TV ReporterPassage FiveThe urge to explore is innate in Man. Wherever his imagination wanders, Man seeks also to go. A large part of history is concerned with the exploration of the world in which we live. Time and again men have set out with amazing courage and resolution to probe into unknown regions and lands. They crossed the seas in flimsy boats, traversed continents, scaled mountains, fought their way through jungles and swamps, endure untold hardships -- all to explore, to see what had not yet been seen, to make known the unknown. Nor did Man confine his movements to the surface of land and sea. With kites balloons and aircraft he left the ground to range through the lower atmosphere. Now outer space receives his attention.The hard way to answer the question, why should Man bother about conquering space, is to attempt to list the specific practical benefits that will result. One knows, from past experience in other areas, that Man will surely see and discover new things in space, that will increase our store of scientific knowledge, and this new knowledge will find its way into valuable practical uses. What we learn about Man himself, from his experience in space, and from the effects of space and the space flight environment on him, will be invaluable. The new techniques developed to carry out the exploration of space, and to keep men alive in space, will inevitably find their way into valuable practical uses in everyday living. The areas that will benefit are manifold. They include communications, generation of power, transportation and travel, food production, conservation of resources, navigation, human comfort and welfare, biology and medicine, materials, fuels and many others. But to state specifically just what the practical outcomes will be is virtually impossible.75. Exploration of the unknown______A. often results in Man's power of imaginationB. is not common throughout human historyC. is generally sought after by men with courage and strengthD. is deeply rooted in the instinct of Man76. Which of the following best sketches the process of Man's probe into the unknown world?A. Surface of the earth, the air and spaceB. Waters, mountains and forestsC. Waters, mountains and forestsD. Urge, imagination and courage77. The benefits of space exploration are basically something______A. well-specifiedB. hypotheticalC. practicalD. inevitable78. According to this passage, the value of exploring the outer space will ultimately lie in______A. its testimony Man's courage and resolutionB. the knowledge it may help us to gain about our earthC. the results it may bring about in the interests of ManD. Man's mastery of techniques to fly and stay alive in space79. From this passage we can conclude that Man should have confidence in exploring space because______A. we have directed our attention to the right object of studyB. we have accumulated experience from previous success to other fields.C. we have found the correct answer to the question of why Man should bother about conquering spaceD. we have already made it possible for people to benefit from his endeavor80. The idea express in this passage can be use in an argument ______A. in favor of criticism on space exploration.B. against spacing million of money on space argument.C. supported of paralleling man’s conquest with of space .D. to justify space exploration with its for reaching significant in life.PAPER TWOPART V TRANSLATION (40 MINUTES, 20 POINTS )Section A (20 minutes, l0 points)Directions: Put the following passage into Chinese. Write your Chinese version on Answer Sheet II.Many stories in the history of science show that chance plays a definite part in scientific discovery. However, a further analysis of these stories also reveals that chance alone is not sufficient for findings of primary importance. Scientific discovery also depends on how a scientist utilizes accidental opportunities. To ensure success, a scientist must, first of all, be able to react in a positive manner to unexpected and even apparently adverse results, taking them as stimulation for further investigation. Secondly, he must possess a superior power of observation to recognize the significance of those phenomena which often seem trivial and, therefore, may easily escape notice. This power of observation consists in a dual quality of' being sensitive to, and curious about, small accidental occurrences and of possessing a frame of reference capable of suggesting the true significance of those phenomena. Finally, he should be equipped with the capacity to plan and undertake careful and systematic experimentation.Section B (20 minutes, 10 points)Directions: Put the following passage into English. Write your English version in the proper space on Answer Sheet II.为了解决人类在发展过程中出现的较为难以解决的问题，全球范围内最优秀的科学家，有必要开展有效的合作。

2024年全国硕士生入学统一考试英语卷

2024年全国硕士生入学统一考试英语卷The National Entrance Examination for Master's Degree (NEMD) is a comprehensive standardized test that assesses the academic abilities and knowledge of students applying for master's programs in China. In 2024, the exam will cover a wide range of subjects including English, mathematics, Chinese, and professional knowledge.The English section of the NEMD is designed to evaluate students' reading, writing, listening, and speaking skills. It consists of multiple-choice questions, short answer questions, and essay writing tasks. In the reading section, students will be required to read and comprehend complex texts on a variety of topics such as literature, science, history, and philosophy. The writing section will test students' ability to express their ideas clearly and effectively in English.The listening section will assess students' ability to understand spoken English in different contexts such as lectures, conversations, and interviews. The speaking section will require students to participate in a conversation with an examiner and demonstrate their ability to communicate fluently and coherently in English.In addition to the English section, the NEMD will also include sections on mathematics, Chinese, and professional knowledge. The mathematics section will test students' understanding of mathematical concepts and problem-solving skills. The Chinese section will evaluate students' proficiency in reading and writing Chinese characters. The professional knowledge section will assess students' knowledge of their chosen field of study.Overall, the NEMD is a challenging test that requires students to demonstrate a high level of proficiency in English and other subjects. It is a crucial step in the application process for master's programs in China, and successful performance on the exam can greatly improve students' chances of being admitted to their desired programs. Students should start preparing early and practice regularly to ensure success on the NEMD exam in 2024.。

中科院硕士学位英语考试GET真题及答案解析英语试卷1

GENERAI ENGLISH QUALIFYING TESTFOR NON-ENGLISH MAJOR GRADUATE STUDENTS(GETJAN0811)考试注意事项一、本考试由两份试卷组成：试卷一 (Paper One)包括听力明白得、辞汇、完形填空与阅读明白得四部份，共80题，按顺序统一编号；试卷二(Paper Two)包括翻译与写作两部份，共3题。

二、试卷一(题号1-80)为客观评分题(听力Section C部份除外)，答案一概用2B 铅笔做在机读答题纸上，在对应题号下所选的字母中间划黑道，如[A][B][C][D]。

三、试卷二为主观评分题，答案做在ANSWER SHEET II上。

答题前，请认真阅读试卷二的注意事项。

四、试卷一、试卷二上均不得作任何记号(听力Section C部份除外)，答案一概写在答题纸上，不然无效。

五、本考试全数时刻为150分钟，采纳试卷一与试卷二分卷计时的方法。

试卷一考试时刻为90分钟，听力明白得部份以放完录音带为准，大约25分钟；其余部份共计时65分钟，每部份所占时刻均标在试卷上，考生可自行把握。

试卷二共计时60分钟，每部份所占时刻均标在试卷上，考生可自行把握。

六、试卷一与试卷二采取别离收卷的方法。

每次终了时刻一到，考生一概搁笔，等候监考教师收点试卷及答题纸。

全数考试终止后，须待监考教师将全数试卷及答题纸收点无误并宣布本考试终止，方可离开考场。

PAPER ONEPART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION(25 minutes，20 points)Section A(1 point each)Directions：In each section，you will hear nine short conversations between two speakers．At the end of each conversation a question will be asked about what was said．The conversations and the questions will be read only once．Choose the best answer from the four choices given by marking the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring Answer Sheet．1．A．He was beaten by a fellow worker．B．He was laughed at by a fellow worker．C．He was fired from his work．D．He was replaced by his co-worker．2．A．He did it like everyone else．B．He was not speeding basically．C．He would like to pay the fine．．D．The policeman was unfair to him．3．A．Talk about their fishing experiences．B．Drive the woman’s dad to the station together．C．Put off their fishing plan for the next weekend．D．Go fishing after the woman sees her dad off．4．A．She thought the man’s project had been finished．B．She didn’t know the man’s project was urgent．C．She thinks the man shouldn’t be so stressed．D．She thinks the man has exaggerated about his project．5．A．He knows psychology very well．B．Psychology is beyond his comprehension．C．Psychology is his major．D．He has forgotten the theory of psychology6．A．It’s a pleasant surprise．B．It’s really unexpected．C．It’s very sad．D．It’s a pity．7．A．He was disappointed with the service．B．He Was satisfied with the service．C．He finally got what he wanted．D．He would like to try it again．8．A．He didn’t finish his finals week．B．He failed most of his examinations．C．He couldn’t remember what he had prepared in the exams．D．He couldn’t concentrate during the exams．9．A．Not enjoyable．B．Just so so．C．It’s his favorite．D．He likes it．Section B(1 point each)Directions: In this section you will hear two mini．talks．At the end of each talk, there will be some questions．Both the talks and the questions will be read to you only once．After each question，there will be a pause．During the pause, you must choose the best answer from the four choices given by marking the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring Answer SheetMini-talk One10．A．T0 start up her own business．B．To gain experience．C．To save for her tuition．D．To help her family．11．A．Because he could have more spare credits．B．Because the 15-credit-plan was more cost-efficient．C．Because he had to make up 15 credits．D．Because the 15-credit-plan was easier．12．A．To become an intern．B．To challenge traditions．C．To start up her own business．D．To get a full time job．Mini-talk Two13．A．The United States has declared its independence．B．Lady Liberty is a gift from the people of France．C．American people have shaken off the oppression．D．The United States has broken off its relations with UK．14．A．Lady Liberty．B．Liberty Lady．C．The Statue of Liberty．D．Liberty Enlightening the World．15．A．By bus．B．By boat．C．By car．D．By subway．Section C (1 point each)Directions：In this section you will hear a short lecture．Listen to the recording and complete the notes about the lecture．You will hear the recording twice．After the recording you are asked to write down your answers on the Answer Sheet．You now have 25 seconds to read the notes below．(请在录音终止后把16-20题的答案抄写在答题纸上)16. Mental health experts also include other disorders like ___________ (4 words) that affect millions of people．17．Mental health problems are most severe in poor countries that __________(3 words) to deal with them．18．About half of all mental health problems first appear before __________(4 words)．19．According to WHO，how many people suffered from depression in 2020? (4 words) 20．The disability caused by mental disorders can have a big impact on __________.(3 words)PART Ⅱ VOCABULARY(10 minutes，10 points)Section A point each)Directions: There are ten questions in this section. Each question is a sentence with one word or phrase underlined .Below the sentence are four words or phrases marked A , B,C and D. Choose the word or phrase that is closest in meaning to the underlined one. Mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring Answer Sheet.21. It was fascinating to watch my husband as he literally became President before my eyes．A. liberallyB. wisely C．actually D．theoretically22. The rights that the citizens of those countries enjoy can all be incorporated in the laws of those individual countries．A．embodied B．excluded C．immersed D．interpreted 23．These are the men and women who run the house and tend to the special needs of its residents．A．take to B．amount to C．attend to D．object to 24．These women hoped that the cease-fire would continue and that the violence would end once and for all．A. quickly B．conclusively C．universallyD．temporarily25. There is some excitement on the horizon, but I can’t tell you about it．A. in the distance B．soon to happen C．without a question D．at first sight26. Low interest rates created easy credit conditions, fueling a housing construction boom and encouraging consumption．A. contaminating B．extinguishing C．stimulating D．transporting 27．War involves inflicting the greatest amount of damage in the briefest space of time．A. imposing B．avoiding C．compensating D．fabricating28. Inflation can destroy the fabric of society by adversely affecting fixed income groups．A. stabilityB. perplexity C．evolution D．structure29. The participants of the meeting were astonished by the discrepancy between the mayor’s words and his actionsA．difference B．correlation C．conformity D．separation 30．The English writing of college students in China is generally redundant for lack of specific words．A．ambiguous B．wordy C．unconvincing D．stereotypedSection B point each)Directions：There are ten questions in this section．Each question is a sentence with something missing．Below each sentence are four words or phrases marked A,B,C and D． Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence．Mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring Answer Sheet．31． Without mutual trust，the willingness to engage _______ in the learning processis hindered．A．deliberately B．collaboratively C．destructively D．individually32． Humans have to settle the problems with food, clothes and _______ before they call survive．A．cabin B．mansion C．shed D．shelter33． How did it ________ that in English the correlation between spelling and pronunciation is not very close?A．come about B．come on C．come to D．come by34．While the test-oriented approach to teaching is _________ desirable，it is widely used in China．A．other than B．not only C．nothing but D．far from35．In January 1995，George M . Bush ________ was as the new governor of Texas．A．turned in B．taken in C．sworn in D．put in 36．The latest data showed that global ozone ________ had dropped several percent over the last decade．A．penetrations B．concentrations C．dimensions D．extensions 37．Scientists have been trying to ________ what factors can cause aging．A．find out B．turn out C．set out D．carry out38．Ten years ________ her career as a lawyer, she decided to start her own firmin Chicago．A．within B．during C．into D．amid39．The tower of the World Trade Center ________ after it was hit by the plane．A．dissipated B．paddled C．hedged D．collapsed40．I could speak their language and ________ with their problems because I have been there myself.A．collide B．coincide C．identify D．associatePART Ⅲ CLOZE TEST(10 minutes, 10 points, 1 point each)Directions：There are 10 questions in this part of the test．Read the passage through．Then , go back and choose one suitable word or phrase marked A．B．C. orD for each blank in the passage．Mark the corresponding letter of the word or phrase you have chosen with a single bar across the square brackets on),our machine-scoring Answer Sheet．Early in January 2020，the temperature in Tanana，Alaska, fell to 55 below zero F．It was so cold that when the airport runway lights stopped working，crews were 41 from going outside to fix them．So it was a real concern when Vicky Aldridge，a nurse practitioner at the village health center, realized that 61-year-old Winkler Bifelt was bleeding 42 and needed medical treatment at Fairbanks Memorial Hospital， 43 150 miles away．The sun was already down when Aldridge made the 44 telephone callto Frontier Flying Service in Fairbanks．“We told them the only way we could fly was if they could find enough vehiclesto 45 the runway with headlights so we could land,” said Bob Hajdukovich，the company’s president．Aldridge’s next calls went to airport and town officials，who， 46 called villagers．Forty five minutes later, enough cars，trucks，minivans and snowmobiles had lined up SO that the runway was 47 .Pilots Nate Thompson and David Fowler landed without 48 , and then tookoff again，with Bifelt．“There is this wonderful caring 49 in the village，”Aldridge said．“If anyone needs anything，all I have to do is call one or two people and everything will get 50 .41．A．objected B．obstructed C．obliged D．observed 42．A．intimately B．integrally．C．intentionally D．internally 43．A．1ess B．some C．but D．even 44．A．eagerness B．pressure C．emergency D．hurry45．A．1ine B．cross C．span D．park46．A．by turns B．in turn C．in order D．in return47．A．1ightened B．illustrated C．cleared D．widened 48．A．reason B．support C．hesitation D．consideration 49．A．status B．occasion C．surrounding D．atmosphere 50．A．into control B．out of danger C．done well with D．taken care ofPART IV READING COMPREHENSION(45 minutes，30 points，1 point each)Directions：In this part of the test, there are five short passages．Read each passage carefully, and then do the questions that follow．Choose the best answer from the four choices given and mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring Answer Sheet．Passage OneNovember 25 is the International Day for the Elimination of Violence Against Women．This day was recognized by the General Assembly of the United Nations in 1999 with a view to raising public awareness of violations of the rights of women．Why was this step necessary?In many cultures women are viewed and treated as inferior or as second class citizens． Prejudices against them are deep rooted． Gender based violence in all its forms is all its forms is an ongoing problem，even in the so-called developed world．According to former UN Secretary General Kofi Anna, “violence against women is global in reach, and takes place in all societies and cultures. It affects women no matter what their race, social origin, birth or other status may be.”Radhika Coomaraswamy, UN expert of the Commission on Human Rights on violence against women, says in his report that for the vast majority of women, violenceagainst women is “a taboo issue，invisible in society and a shameful fact of life.”Statistics issued by a victim study institution in Holland indicate that 23 percent of women in one South American country, or about 1 in 4, suffer some form of domestic violence. Likewise, the Council of Europe estimates that 1 in 4 European women suffer domestic violence during their lifetime. According to the British Home Office in England and Wales in one recent year, an average of two women each week were killed by current or former partners. The magazine India Today International reported that “for women across India, fear is a constant companion and rape is the stranger they may have to confront at every corner, on any road，in any public place at any hour.”UN experts described violence against women and girls as “today’s most serious human fights challenge.”51．This passage is intended to _________.A．point out the root of violence against womenB．find solutions 10 violence against womenC．criticize the governments’ inaction about violence against womenD．make people better aware of violence against women52．The word “gender” in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to _________.A．race B．society C．culture D．sex53．According to former UN Secretary General Kofi Anna，violence against women could be widely found _________.A．in South American countriesB．in rich countriesC．in developing countriesD．across the world54．By “violence against women is a taboo issue”，Radhika Coomaraswamy means that the vast majority of women _________.A．turn a blind eye to the problemB．don’t want to talk about the problemC．turn a deaf ear to the problemD．have been accustomed to the problem55．According to the last paragraph，violence against women is _________.A．more serious in South American countriesB．more serious in European countriesC．equally serious in South American and European countriesD．1ess serious in developed countries56．According to the passage，women in India _________.A．often live in the fear of violence against themB．suffer more serious domestic violenceC．must have their companions everywhereD．are facing most serious human rights challengesPassage TwoWhen you think of monkeys，you probably think of the Tropics．Few species of monkeys venture into temperate lands．Nevertheless，there are one or two notable exceptions．In the high Atlas Mountains of North Africa，where snowfall is common during the winter, small groups of Barbary apes roam through forests of cedar and oak．One isolated group of these monkeys can be found 200 miles to the north，living on the Rock of Gibraltar, at the southern most tip of Europe．How do naturalists explain this mystery? Some believe that the monkeys colonized other areas of Europe in the distant past and that those of Gibraltar are the only surviving group．Others think that Arabic or British colonizers brought them to the Rock．Legend has it that the monkeys crossed the narrow straits dividing Europe from Africa by means of a long—lost underground tunnel．Whatever their origin，they are now the only free range monkeys found in Europe．The Barbary apes are not actually apes．They are tailless monkeys．The Barbary apes inhabit the pine woods that cover the upper part of the Rock．Although they number only a hundred or so, they have become “the peninsula’s most famous residents,” according to the International Primate Protection League．Since seven million tourists visit Gibraltar every year，the mischievous monkeys have an ample food supply．Although they feed on wild plants．they have becomeskilled at begging and occasionally stealing food from visitors．Local authorities also provide the monkeys with fruit and vegetables．Apart from feeding，the monkeys spend 20 percent of their day grooming each other. Both male and female monkeys care for and play with the young ones. They live in close knit groups, where stress sometimes leads to confrontation. While the older monkeys use threats and screams to chase away the younger ones，they also have an unusual tooth—chattering behavior that seems to calm them down．Their arrival on Gibraltar may remain a mystery；still，these sociable monkeys add a special charm to the limestone headland that guards the entrance to the Mediterranean Sea．Gibraltar world not be the same without them.57．The monkeys on the Rock of Gibraltar are special because _________.A．they live in tropic areasB．they inhabit temperate landsC．they live in forestsD．they came from North Africa58．Which of the following is NOT the possible origin of the Gibraltar monkeys?A．They may be the surviving group of European monkeys．．B．They may have been brought to Gibraltar by colonizers．C．They may have come from Africa through the long—lost tunnel．D．They may have swum across the narrow straits from Africa．59．The population of “the peninsula’s most famous residents”_________.A．is growing rapidlyB．outnumbers the local peopleC．is threatened by too many visitorsD．is about five scores60．We can learn from the 5th paragraph that Gibraltar monkeys _________.A．mainly feed on food from visitorsB．often threaten local touristsC．are very naughtyD．are raised by．the local authorities61．The word “grooming” in the 6m paragraph is closest in meaning to _________.A．cleaning B．biting C．fighting D．isolating62．According to the passage, _________.A．Gibraltar would be better without the monkeysB．the monkeys have added beauty to the Rock of GibraltarC·Gibraltar monkeys and those in the high Atlas Mountains are of different speciesD．the older Gibraltar monkeys are very fierce to the younger onesPassage ThreeWhich would You give up：TV, Cell，Or Web? From November 6 to December 3，a 1-question online Poll was placed on high-traffic websites in 15 countries (Australia，Brazil，Canada, China, France, Germany, India, Italy, Netherlands, Philippines, Russia, Singapore, Spain, United Kingdom, United States). A total of 150 respondents in each country participated in the poll．In this global survey, 11 of 15 countries say they’d turn off the TV before they’d silence their cell phone or log off the Internet. Women，especially, will give up their favorite shows，voting to do so by a greater percentage than men in all but four countries. “I work 50-plus hours a week and more importantly, the programs 1 watch on TV are free on the web.” Paula Kress of Georgia explains why she’d give up on TV.Younger respondents are more likely to take a pass on television，but older folks don’t necessarily stay away from the online experience．In Singapore，not a single person over 45 voted to stop surfing．“I'm not much for sitting in front of the screens，but I need the Interact to keep in touch with friends and family．”Hanna Lama explains why she’d keep the web and ditch TVIn the United States，people voted to give up TV, yet Americans sit in front of the flat screen for an average of four hours，37 minutes a day．But if the decision had been made by respondents over 45，the cell phone would have．gotten the boot instead．In Canada people voted to give up the cell．The cost effect analysis shows thatpeople there pay some of the highest rates for their cell phone plans，which may be why they have the lowest number of cell users among the western countries polled．“I don’t want to be reachable at every moment”is another logical explanation．Why was Brazil the only country to pick the Internet (and by such a huge margin)? Brazil has some of the lowest rates of Internet use worldwide, with just 35 users per l00 people．(The U．S．and U．K．both have 72.) Brazil’s cost to hook up is also high，about $26 a month，compared with $7.4 in Germany．63．What is the most important reason for Paula Kress to give up TV?A．She doesn’t have time to watch TV．B．She doesn’t like sitting in front of screens．C．She can watch TV programs on the web．D．She finds online programs more interesting．64．Survey results in Singapore show that _________.A．women watch TV programs for a longer period of time than menB．men depend as much on cell phones as women doC．younger people use cell phones more than older peopleD．older people enjoy the Internet just like the younger ones65·Which of the following phrases is closest in meaning to“get the boot”(Para．3)?A. be dismissed B．catch on C．be favored D．become dominant66．It is implied that among the Americans polled，there were more _________.A．men B．women C．younger people D．older people 67．How many countries picked the cell phone in the survey?A．2．B．3．C．4．D．5．68．In the last paragraph，the author mainly _________.A．describes the findings in the Brazilian surveyB．discusses the gap between Brazil and the western worldC．presents the reasons behind the Brazilian decisionD．analyzes the development of the Internet in BrazilPassage FourToday, world leaders are discussing climate change and what—if anything—can be done to combat global warming. Extreme weather conditions have brought home the fact that our climate is changing--and changing fast．It may be easy to be fatalistic about it, but the truth is that although we humans have caused the problem, we also have the solution. “Think global and act local,”said Friends of the Earth founder David Bower. In many small but important ways we can make a difference. Here are my top tips for how to begin：Count your food miles. What you eat and where you buy it affects global emissions. Pollution from transport is the fastest growing source of carbon dioxide emissions, so it is madness to fly out-of-season vegetables across the world to supermarkets．We should lobby supermarkets for a system of classifying food according to the distance travelled：0 for local food， l for British，2 for Europe，and 3 for intercontinental．Turn off anything that winks at you. A video recorder on standby uses almost as much electricity as one playing a tape．Turning down the thermostat by one degree．not leaving TV and music centre on standby，turning off lights，putting lids on cooking pots，and only half-filling kettles can cut energy consumption by 30％，saving your money as well as saving the planet．Just stop using petrol. Yes you can，and the car industry may (eventually) help you. Hydrogen-powered cars are loved by car designers and could become a reality in about 1 0 years. Meanwhile, consider convening to liquefied petroleum gas (LPG)．You won’t be alone：a new pump for this is opening every day. Meanwhile，you can cut down on conventional petrol use just by changing driving habits—no rapid acceleration，lower speeds，keeping tires at the right pressure·Well，you can always walk. Or cycle. The majority of car journeys are less than five miles and．Honestly, once you’ve stepped out，you’ll find it’s really not that bad．The only energy used is your own and that’s healthy. You only have to look at the collective strength of the people’s fuel lobby to know this makes sense．These changes will save you money which you should invest in an ethical savingaccount. They are profitable and they put the pressure on business to clean up its act．69．In the first paragraph, the author tries to emphasize _________.A．his concern over climate changeB．his optimism in finding a way outC．the necessity of global actionsD．the difficulty in reaching an agreement70．Which conclusion can be drawn from paragraph 2?A．Centralized distribution of food is highly efficient and cost-effective．B．Organic food from abroad is better than food produced locally．C．Supermarkets do a great job of offering a wide selection of goods．D．It’s better for us consumers to shop in local farmers’ markets．71．In Paragraph 3 the author tries to convey the message that _________.A．small changes in small habits can make big differencesB．it is not easy for us to reduce energy consumption at homeC．the present way of using energy leaves much to be desiredD．we individuals may not help much in fighting global warming72．At present, to replace petrol-driven cars，people may choose cars driven by _________.A．electricity B．LPG C．hydrogen D．biofuel73．For most of the car journeys，walking or cycling _________.A．is a waste of time B．is undesirableC．is a feasible option D．is what people prefer74．The passage is focused on _________.A．the impact of climate change on people’s livesB．the importance of individuals improving the environmentC．the benefits of cutting energy consumptionD．the small ways that can help fight global warmingPassage FiveSome years ago，thumping，jumping noises routinely issued from the apartment upstairs as if baby elephants were competing in the 50-yard dash. I went up one day to politely inquire. “No, nobody’s making noise here”the husband and wife both insisted．It must be coming from elsewhere in the building.”Two children about five years old，each holding soccer balls, stood fight beside their parents. “Could the thumping be your kids running around, perhaps playing soccer?” I asked．“Oh no, we never let the kids play in the house．”For months, the pattern continued: the thumping and jumping above, our delicate check-in, the denial. It got so that every time I saw the couple, I glared without a word of greeting. When they moved out of the building, the thumping stopped.I suppose I could have forgiven my neighbors and spared them the glare. After a11, forgiveness is in, a trend advocated by best-selling books, foundations and research institutes．The notion has gone well beyond spiritual leaders advising that forgiveness is good for the soul and that hard feelings will turn us bitter and hostile. Now the medical community cites studies showing that forgiveness can prevent heart attacks, lower blood pressure and even ease depression．I may be outnumbered，but I still believe in the healing power of the grudge(不满)．I’ve deployed grudges with an equal-opportunity sense of fairness—against teachers and classmates， bosses and colleagues，family and friends．I’ve chosen to stop speaking to certain people permanently and occasionally even spoken ill of them—but more with disbelief than a sense of revenge．I’m neither proud nor ashamed．But I’ve discovered that nothing feels quite as satisfying as a grudge well nursed．I’m not against forgiveness itself; I have forgiven people for rudeness as well as for deep misunderstandings and have done so without holding on to hard feelings. What I deplore is the propaganda about forgiveness. No longer an option，forgiveness is an official order. Forgiving so democratically cheapens the very act．A long standing grudge suggests that we hold certain standards, that we respect ourselves enough to reject bad behavior. Failure to forgive can be just as righteous, just as honorable as forgiveness itself.75．The author would probably describe the neighbors as __________.A．careless B．dishonest C．ignorant D．immodest76．Paragraph 3 is focused on __________.A．how forgiveness is good for US spiritually and physicallyB．how forgiveness has become a fashionable conceptC．what has changed people’s understanding of forgivenessD．what is the true meaning and virtue of forgiveness77. By “I may be outnumbered”(Para．4)，the author means that most people in her situation would probably _________.A．tell people how bad the neighbors areB．refuse to speak to the neighborsC．try to practice forgiveness to the neighborsD．ask the neighbors for an explanation78．The author seems ________ what she always does with grudges．A．ashamed of B．proud of C．satisfied with D．disappointed with 79．It can be 1earned that the author _________.A．has great difficulty forgiving peopleB．regrets failing to practice forgivenessC．wants to learn how to forgive peopleD．opposes “forgiveness without principle”80．The best title for the passage is __________.A．To Forgive is GodB．The Right Not to ForgiveC．Forgiveness in，Grudge outD．The Power of ForgivenessPAPER TWO译写答题注意事项一、小试卷(PaperTwo)答案一一概写在答题纸Ⅱ(Answer Sheet Ⅱ)一，草稿纸上的答题内容一概不予计分。

学术性硕士研究生学位英语试卷

学术性硕士研究生学位英语试卷一、选择题（每题1分，共15分）请在每道题的四个选项中选择一个最正确的答案。

1、下列哪个国家是英语的发源地？A.美国B.英国C.加拿大D.澳大利亚2、在英语中，“do”是一个助动词，它的基本意思是“做”。

下列哪个选项是“do”的正确用法？A.我做了饭。

B.我做饭了。

C.我做的是饭。

D.做饭给我。

3、下列哪个单词是名词？A.bookB.chairC.tableD.bookcase4、下列哪个单词是动词？A.writeB.readC.countD.check5、下列哪个短语是正确的？A.in the morningB.at noonC.in the nightD.at nightfall6、下列哪个选项是一个完整的句子？A.The cat is on the mat.B.The mat is on the table.C.The table is in the room.D.The room is in the building.7、下列哪个单词有比较级形式？A.beautifulB.uglyC.tallD.short8、下列哪个选项是一个正确的问句？A.What's your name?B.How are you?C.Where are you from?D.Who are you?9、下列哪个单词的意思是“也”？A.yesB.noC.eitherD.neither10、下列哪个单词的意思是“一”？A.oneB.twoC.threeD.four11-15题略。

学术性学位与专业学位研究生培养模式的特性比较随着高等教育的不断发展，学术性学位与专业学位研究生培养模式成为的焦点。

这两种培养模式在目标、招生制度、教育过程、考核方式等方面存在一定的差异，本文将对其进行比较分析。

在培养目标方面，学术性学位研究生注重学术素养和科研能力的培养，以培养学术研究型人才为主。

此类研究生需要具备扎实的理论基础和较高的研究能力，能够独立承担科学研究任务，具备创新意识和团队协作精神。

中南大学硕士生英语学位试卷试卷

English Test for Graduate Students (A)January, 2011Part I Listening Comprehension (20%)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear several short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Boththe conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After eachquestion there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the fourchoices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer. Thenmark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single linethrough the center (on Answer Sheet I).1. A. They don’t have to go to the concert.B. His brother will let them use the car.C. The subway is fine with her.D. They’ll have to rent a car as early as possible.2. A. The woman is living a very busy life.B. The woman has plenty of time to play computer games.C. The woman would like to fight in a war.D. The woman considers herself unfortunate.3. A. He is not sick.B. His brother Jack is always ill.C. He is feeling better now.D. He is still not very well.4. A. Every day.B. Frequently.C. Occasionally.D. Very rarely.5. A. He’s unable to appear in court.B. He wishes he could be a better student.C. He plays tennis better than she does.D. He’s not so enthusiastic about studies.6. A. In a repair shop.B. In a restaurant.C. In a store.D. At a ticket window.7. A. He does not agree with the woman.B. He thinks it’s better to go right now.C. He thinks it’s wise to wait.D. He thinks there is no sense in waiting.8. A. He went to see his schoolmate.B. He went to see a film with his friend.C. He watched television with his friend.D. He stayed at home talking with his friend.9. A. She’s going to read it.B. She’s going to return it to the library.C. She’s going to return it to the man.D. She’s going to return it to Ann.10. A. The road is not so good but there is little traffic.B. He is satisfied with driving from home to work.C. Twenty miles isn’t a long distance.D. It would be a pleasant driving if there were les traffic.Section BDirections:In this section, you will hear several short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and thequestions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you mustchoose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D.Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a singleline through the center (on Answer Sheet I).Passage One11. A. How to improve your reasoning ability.B. Why classical music is popular with math students.C. The difference between classical music and rock music.D. The effects of music on the results of math tests.12. A. Because it keeps you calm.B. Because it strengthens your memory.C. Because it stimulates your nerve activity.D. Because it improves your problem-solving strategies.13. A. The effects of music do not last long.B. Piano music could interfere with your reasoning ability.C. Music, whether classical or rock, helps improve your memory.D. The more you listen to music, the higher your test scores will be.Passage Two14. A. The liberation movement of British women.B. Rapid economic development in Britain.C. Changing attitudes to family life.D. Reasons for changes in family life in Britain.15. A. Because millions of men died in the war.B. Because women had proved their worth.C. Because women were more skillful than men.D. Because factories preferred to employ women.Section CDirections:In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea.When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill inthe blanks with the exact word(s) you have just heard. Finally, when thepassage is read for the third time, you should check what you havewritten (on Answer Sheet II).With the steady increase in the amount of leisure time that people enjoy, the importance of S1 that deal with leisure products and services is also steadily increasing. One of the biggest such industries is the tourist industry. Providing transportation and S2 for tourists is one of the major industries in many S3 . Since people are now having longer vacations and are more and more interested in seeing other parts of the world, this business will no doubt continue to grow.Another industry obviously devoted to leisure is S4 . Movies, TV shows, concerts and plays are usually intended for our leisure. The same can be said of most books, except textbooks. S5 make money because people pay to watch them in their free time.Part II Cloze (10%)Directions:There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should choose the ONE that bestfits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on the AnswerSheet with a single line through the center (on Answer Sheet I).Do the old people in the United States like to live alone? No doubt some of them do. 16 at least some of them 17 living alone to making the changes and 18 when living with others. Independence is 19 , the chief and most honored 20 in this country. The idea deeply rooted in us early, 21 even when we can, quite 22 , no longer “stand on our own feet.”When our 23 parents’need for help grows too obvious to 24 , we say they are beginning to “fail.” Losing one’s independence is, for Americans, a 25 thing. And needing help, we know, 26 our potential helpers’pity, 27 and fear. We are all, throughout our lives, a 28 to others. From the moment of 29 , we are nourished and nurtured by others. As adults we learn to pay for or negotiate our 30 needs, but the fact 31 that it takes an 32 army of other people to grow our food, clean our clothes, maintain our roads, fuel our furnaces. When we marry, we accept another’s 33 to stick with us in sickness and health, 34 and poverty. The load we lay on others only becomes more visible, less 35 , as we age.16. A. But B. Or C. So D. Besides17. A. favor B. appreciate C. like D. prefer18. A. failures B. compromises C. fashions D. balances19. A. after all B. above all C. at all D. in all20. A. manner B. custom C. habit D. virtue21. A. maintains B. persists C. insists D. retains22. A. virtually B. usually C. basically D. literally23. A. late B. aging C. maturing D. younger24. A. emphasize B. meet C. cater D. ignore25. A. shameful B. pity C. ashamed D. shame26. A. builds B. acts C. transforms D. evokes27. A. frustration B. interest C. passion D. pleasure28. A. burden B. responsibility C. relief D. requirement29. A. perception B. deception C. conception D. reception30. A. common B. independent C. actual D. mutual31. A. stays B. remains C. manifests D. reveals32. A. variety B. invisible C. abundant D. forceful33. A. pledge B. announcement C. proclaim D. assertion34. A. booming B. hospitality C. property D. prosperity35. A. deniable B. considerable C. unbearable D. feasiblePart III Reading Comprehension (35%)Section ADirections: There are five passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are fourchoices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice andmark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single linethrough the center (on Answer Sheet I).Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.The translator must have an excellent, up-to-date knowledge of his source languages, full facility in the handling of his target language, which will be his mother tongue or language of habitual use, and a knowledge and understanding of the latest subject matter in his field of specialization. This is, as it were, his professional equipment. In addition to this, it is desirable that he should have an inquiring mind, wide interests, a good memory and the ability to grasp quickly the basic principles of new developments. He should be willing to work on his own, often at high speeds, but should be humble enough to consult others should his own knowledge not always prove adequate to the task in hand. He should be able to type fairly quickly and accurately and, if he is working mainly for publication, should have more than a nodding acquaintance with printing techniques and proofreading. If he is working basically as an information translator, let us say, for an industrial firm, he should have the flexibility of mind to enable him to switch rapidly form one source language to another, as well as from one subject matter to another, since this ability is frequently required of him in such work. Bearing in mind the nature of the translator’s work, i.e., the processing of the written word, it is, strictly speaking, unnecessary that he should be able to speak the languages he is dealing with. If he does speak them, it is an advantage rather than a hindrance, but this skill is in many ways a luxury that he can dispense with. It is, however, desirable that he should have an approximate idea about the pronunciation of his source language, even if this is restricted to knowing how proper names are pronounced. The same applies to the ability to write his source languages. If he can, well and good; if he cannot, it does not matter. There are many other skills and qualities that are desirable in a translator.36. The target language should be _______.A. the translator’s second foreign languageB. a language the translator is proficient inC. the language in his field of specializationD. the translator’s source language37. A good translator should be independent, efficient and _______.A. pay attention to other s’ opinionsB. have an acquaintance with othersC. grasp knowledge quicklyD. prove the task in hand38. If he is working for an industrial firm, it is necessary for the translator to_______.A. get informedB. get acquainted with the firmC. type quickly and accuratelyD. get well acquainted with his subject39. Why don’t some translators speak and write the languages they translate?A. They never have the chance to speak and write them.B. This enables them to work more efficiently.C. This saves them a lot of time.D. They are only concerned with the written words.40. What is NOT essential in a translator ?A. Up-to-date knowledge of his source language.B. Understanding of the latest subject.C. The ability to speak the languages he translates.D. An approximate idea about the pronunciation of his source languages. Questions 41 to 45 are based on the following passage.President Coolidge’s statement, “The business of America is business,”still points to an important truth today that business institutions have more prestige in American society than any other kind of organization, including their government. Why do business institutions possess this great prestige?One reason is that Americans view business as being more firmly based on the ideal of competition than other institutions in society. Since competition is seen as the major source of progress and prosperity by most Americans, competitive business institutions are respected. Competition is not only good in itself; it is the means by which other basic American values such as individual freedom, equality of opportunity, and hard work are protected.Competition protects the freedom of the individual by ensuring that there is no monopoly of power. In contrast to one, all-powerful government, many businesses compete against each other for profits. Theoretically, if one business tries to take unfair advantage of its customers, it will lose to competing business which treats its customers more fairly. Where many businesses compete for the customers’dollar, they cannot afford to treat them like inferiors or slaves.A contrast is often made between business, which is competitive, and government,which is a monopoly. Because business is competitive, many Americans believe, then, that competition is as important as, or even more important than, democracy in preserving freedom.Competition in business is also believed to strengthen the idea of equality of opportunity. Competition is seen as an open and fair race where success goes to the swiftest person regardless of his or her social class background. Competitive success is commonly seen as the American alternative to social rank based on family background. Business is therefore viewed as an expression of the idea of equality of opportunity rather than the aristocratic idea of inherited privilege.41. The statement “The business of America is business” probably means “_______”.A. The business institutions in America are concerned with commerceB. Business problems are of great importance to the American governmentC. Business is of primary concern to AmericansD. America is a great power in world business42. Americans believe that they can realize their personal values only _______.A. when given equality of opportunityB. through doing businessC. by protecting their individual freedomD. by way of competition43. Who can benefit from business competition?A. Honest businessmen.B. Both businessmen and their customers.C. People with ideals of equality and freedom.D. Both business institutions and government.44. Government is believed to differ strikingly from business in that government ischaracterized by _______.A. its absolute control of powerB. its function in preserving personal freedomC. its role in protecting basic American valuesD. its democratic way of exercising leadership45. It can be inferred from the passage that the author believes _______.A. Americans are more ambitious than people in other countriesB. in many countries success often depends on one’s social statusC. American businesses are more democratic than those in other countriesD. businesses in other countries are not as competitive as those in America Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.The more time scientists spend designing computers the more they marvel at the human brain. Tasks that baffle the more advanced supercomputer—recognizing a fact, reading a handwritten note—are child’s play for the 3-pound organ. Most important, unlike any conventional computer, the brain can learn from its mistakes. Researchers have tried for years to program computers to imitate the brain’s abilities, but without success. Now a growing number of designers believe they have the answer: if a computer is to function more like a person and less like an over-grown calculator it must be built more like a brain, which distributes information across a vastinterconnected web of nerve cells, or neurons.Conventional computers function by following a chainlike sequence of detailed instructions. Although very fast, their processors can perform only one task at a time. This approach works best in solving problems that can be broken down into simpler logical pieces. The processors in a neural-network computer, by contrast, form a network much like the nerve cells in the brain. Since these artificial neurons are interconnected, they can share information and perform tasks at the same time. This two-dimensional approach works best at recognizing patterns.Instead of programming a neural-network computer to make decisions, its maker trains it to recognize patterns in any solution to a problem by repeatedly feeding examples to the machine.Neural networks come in all shapes and sizes. Until now most existed as software simulations because redesigning computer chips took a lot of time and money. By experimenting with different approaches through software rather than hardware, scientists have been able to avoid costly mistakes.46. It can be inferred from the first paragraph that the most advanced supercomputer_______.A. can recognize a face and read a handwritten noteB. can learn from its mistakesC. weighs only 3 poundsD. cannot distribute information across an interconnected web of nerve cells47. What is NOT true of a conventional computer?A. It must be programmed before it works.B. It can only solve one problem at a time.C. It is good at solving one problem at a time.D. It is trained to recognize patterns instead of making decisions.48. The main feature of a neural-network computer is that _______.A. its processors act as an interconnected web of neuronsB. it is programmed to make decisionsC. its networks are of all shapes and sizesD. its neurons are artificial49. The expression “this two-dimensional approach” in the second paragraph refersto _______.A. the conventional computer and the neural computerB. making decisions and recognizing patternsC. sharing information and performing tasksD. the computer and the human brain50. Scientists use software rather than hardware in their experiments because_______.A. it can avoid redesigning computer chipsB. it can save a lot of time and moneyC. it can avoid making mistakesD. it is more like the human brainQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.In recent years many countries of the world have been faced with the problem of how to make their workers more productive. Some experts claim the answer is to make jobs more varied. But do more varied jobs lead to greater productivity? There is evidence to suggest that while variety certainly makes the workers’life more enjoyable, it does not actually make him work harder. As far as increasing productivity is concerned, the variety is not an important factor.Other experts feel that giving the worker freedom to do his job in his own way is important and there is no doubt that this is true. The problem is that this kind of freedom cannot easily be given in the modern factory with its complicated machinery which must be used in a fixed way. Thus while freedom of choice may be important, there is usually very little that can be done to create it. Another important consideration is how much each worker contributes to the product he is making. In most factories the worker sees only one small part of the product. Some car factories are now experimenting with having many small production lines rather than one large one, so that each worker contributes more to the production of the cars on his line. It would seem that not only is the degree of workers’ contribution an important factor, therefore, but it is also one we can do something about.To what extent more money leads to greater productivity? The workers themselves certainly think this is important. But perhaps they want more money only because the work they do is so boring. Money just lets them enjoy their spare time more. A similar argument may explain demands for shorter working hours. Perhaps if we succeed in making their jobs more interesting, they will neither want more money, nor will shorter working hours be so important to them.51. Which of these possible factors leading to greater productivity is NOT true?A. To make jobs more varied.B. To give the worker freedom to do his job in his own way.C. Degree of work contribution.D. Demands for longer working hours.52. Why do workers want more money?A. Because their jobs are too boring.B. In order to enjoy more spare time.C. To make their jobs more interesting.D. To demand shorter working hours.53. The last sentence in this passage means that if we succeed in making workers’jobs more interesting _______.A. they will want more moneyB. they will demand shorter working hoursC. more money and shorter working hours are important factorsD. more money and shorter working hours will not be so important to them54. In this passage, the author tells us _______.A. how to make the workers more productiveB. possible factors leading to greater efficiencyC. to what extent more money leads to greater productivityD. how to make workers’ jobs more interesting55. The author of this passage is probably a _______.A. teacherB. workerC. managerD. physicistQuestions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.Equally ridiculous are some of the hopes voiced by certain biologists with wild imaginations: They have foreseen a more positive use of cloning—to improve the human genetic stock. The technique could be used to “fix” good characters. This, after all, is why plant breeders take cutting: they use sexual reproduction for genetic experiments, to mix genes and produce favorable re-combinations by chance; then, when a good variety appears, they fix it by taking cuttings and making copies. So why not do the same with humans? Couldn’t superior individuals be bred or rather copied in this way?In other words, when a Newton or an Einstein appears, why not ensure more Newtons and Einsteins? One needs only a few cells—from inside the mouth, say—to get hold of their “superior” genes, and with freezing they could be used indefinitely, long after their original owner’s death. Of course, a Newton or an Einstein is not entirely the product of his genes: environment and education also have to be taken into consideration. So several biologists take the idea further. J.B.S. Haldane, for example, predicted that “superior individuals” would spend their later years educating their own clones. Just imagine a school where every class is full of identical twins. And, in their teacher, they would see not only their parents but also themselves in thirty or forty years’time. Being genetically identical, teachers and pupils would understand each other with great ease and progress would be very fast. Or so the imaginative biologists would like us to believe.56. How does the author feel about the idea of cloning beings?A. Imaginative.B. Absurd.C. Positive.D. Reasonable.57. By means of taking cuttings, plant breeders intend _______.A. to produce a good varietyB. to improve genetic stockC. to mix genesD. to make copies58. In addition to “superior” genes, a higher individual must have _______A. a few cellsB. more ideasC. good environment and educationD. genetic experiments59. Why do some biologists think that clones would work well together?A. Because they look like one another.B. Because their teacher is a clone.C. Because they are identical twins.D. Because they are genetically identical.60. What is the hope of some imaginative biologists for cloning human beings?A. They want to reproduce a good variety.B. They want to preserve the qualities of great people.C. They hope to breed and copy individuals.D. They hope to produce favorable recombinations.Section BDirections:In this section, there is a short passage with some questions or incomplete statements. Read the passage carefully. Then answer thequestions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words (onAnswer Sheet II).In order to get bread, you have to apply heat to the dough. And in language learning, that heat comes from the community. Anyone who has learned a second language has experienced that heat. It creeps up your neck when you ask the babysitter, “Have you already been eaten?”when you meant to say, “Have you already eaten?” It radiates from your face when you say, “Let me impregnate you,”when you meant to say, “Let me give you a hug.”When you try to say something quite innocent and the whole room bursts into raucous laughter, you are experiencing the heat that turns raw dough into good bread.Remember the old saying, “If you can’t stand the heat, get out of the kitchen”? That is exactly what we want to do. And that is where language learning often breaks down. We find the heat uncomfortable and we abort the baking process. It is at just such a point that we retreat from the oven and resort to English, forcing someone else to provide “bread” by being the translator.The willingness to stay in the heat of the oven is part of why kids learn a second language more easily than do adults. For then, the heat is an everyday occurrence already because they are still learning their first language in that same heat. It is not strange to them when they put a new phrase together for the first time and people on the floor in uncontrollable mirth as a result. And the child’s ego is not usually shattered by such an experience.But as adults, we tend to take ourselves so seriously that we are less likely to join in the laughter. We are more likely to recoil in hurt and embarrassment when we are unable to make ourselves understood. And the more educated we are, the more likely we are to take pride in our adult communication skills. When we try to enter a new language community and cannot even sound like a bright child, let alone an educated adult, we may suffer ego damage that we consider too high a price for membership dues. We withdraw our application. We can’t stand the heat, so we got out of the kitchen.(源自《研究生英语精读教程》（上）Unit 1 Further Reading "If You Can't Stand the Heat ..." Line 55-86)S6. The “heat” in this passage is probably refers to the statement of__________________ in our language learning process.S7. “Have you already eaten?” actually is a _________________ when we meet.S8. Children can bear the “heat” because they are ________________________. S9. Why is it that the adults cannot bear the “heat” when they learn a second language?S10. When learning a foreign language we should _________________________.Part IV Translation (20%)Section ADirections:Translate the following sentences into Chinese and write your version on Answer Sheet II neatly.Our need for these energy sources somehow makes the problem seem even more intractable than the difficulties caused by that other outstanding product of human ingenuity, nuclear weapons. A study released recently by another group of prominent scientists makes it horribly clear that a large-scale nuclear exchange could produce climatic changes of a different and devastating kind. Following explosions that killed upwards of one billion people right off, a worldwide pall of smoke, soot and other debris would so reduce sunlight that at least half the earth would be plunged into freezing darkness that could last for months and destroy much of what still lives on the planet. But at least, as we study the matter, we can’t kid ourselves that the bombs, like the greenhouse gases, are a spontaneous result of the quest for the good life.(源自《研究生英语精读教程》（上）Unit 4 Text "Tomorrow's Long, Hot Summer" Line 93-103)Section BDirections: Translate the following sentences into English and write your version on Answer Sheet II neatly.互联网是一个面向公众的社会性组织。

2023年1月研究生英语学位课程统考真题

1月硕士英语学位课统考真题PAPER ONEPart I LISTENING COMPREHENSION (15 minutes, 15 points)Section A ( 1 point each )Directions:In this part, you will hear nine short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation a question will be asked about what was said. The questions will be spoken only once. Choose the best answer from the four choices given by marking the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square bracket on your Machine-scoring Answer Sheet.1. A. Ann likes orange T-shirts best.B. Ann hates to wear an orange T-shirt in the daytime.C. Ann wears an orange T-shirt to keep mosquitoes away.D. The man doesn't like an orange T-shirt.2. A. To entertain himself.B. To go to other countries.C. To become more valuable.D. To broaden his mind.3. A. He turns a deaf ear to what the woman said.B. He agrees with the woman.C. He thinks the woman is thoughtless.D. He doesn't think she knows the direction.4. A. The car is not big enough.B. The car is not good enough.C. He only promised to buy a small car.D. He can't afford to buy the car.5. A. 350,000.B. 315,000.C. 3,500,000.D. 3,150,000.6. A. He will not take the shower before the meeting.B. He will not go to the meeting at all.C. He will have to attend the meeting.D. He will be late for the meeting again.7. A. He is in a bad mood.B. He is more efficient in writing.C. He enjoys himself more.D. He doesn't feel comfortable.8. A. He got to know it from government statistics.B. He found the fact on the Internet.C. He learned it from a gift book.D. He got the fact by studying in the library.9. A. He will persuade his parents.B. He will lie to his parents.C. He will go without his parents' permission.D. He will go somewhere else before going skiing.Section B (1 point each)Directions: In this part you will hear two short talks. At the end of each talk, there will be some questions. Both the talks and the questions will be read to you only once. After each question, there will be a pause. During the pause, you must choose the best answer from the four choices given by marking the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your Machine-scoring Answer Sheet.10. A. How to take care of little babies.B. How to become qualified parents.C. A single parent should pay more attention to the baby's development.D. Many parents don't know how to help babies develop in intelligence.11. A. Watching them.B. Holding them.C. Reading to them.D. Playing with them.12. A. The first five months.B. The first year.C. The first three years.D. The first five years.13. A. She invited educational reformers to teach in her school.B. She invited teachers from Germany to work in her school.C. She went to Germany to find staff for her school.D. She asked famous scholars to teach the staff in her school.14. A. 29,670.B. 29,617.C. 29,760.D. 29,716.15. A. They helped the poor children with donations.B. They persuaded the children to go to kindergartens.C. They taught the mothers how to teach their children.D. They taught children songs, poems and games.Section C (1 point each)Directions: In this section, you will hear a talk. Complete the sentence and answer the questions below. You will hear the recording twice. At the end of the talk there will be a 3-minute pause, during which time you are asked to write down your answers briefly on the Answer Sheet. You now have 25 seconds to read the questions or sentences below.(请在录音结束后把16－20题旳答案抄在答题纸上)16. What was the occupation of the advocator of the Metropolitan Museum of Art?A lawyer17. Where is the present location of the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City?In Central Park on Fifth (5th) Avenue18. Why have another six additional wings been built since 1975?To house the museum’s growing collections19. The museum has collected more than three million objects in every known artistic medium.20. Besides being a tourist attraction and an educational institution, the museum also serves asa place for (advanced) research (project) .Part II VOCABULARY (10 minutes, 10 points)Section A (0. 5 point each)Directions: There are ten questions in this section. Each question is a sentence with one word or phrase underlined. Below the sentence are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose the word or phrase that is closest in meaning to the underlined one. Mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your Machine-scoring Answer Sheet.21. In spite of the efforts of those industrious farmers, the local economy is far from developed due to isolation,A. capableB. ingeniousC. innovativeD. hard-working22. Because of the struggle put up by the Women's Lib, many women have found good careers.A. initiatedB. proposedC. supportedD. terminated23. The performance of these new employees will highlight the role of positive thinking.A. confirmB. emphasizeC. enhanceD. enlighten24. Our family stood in silence for a minute looking at the amazingly beautiful photograph of a human flag.A. surprisinglyB. indescribablyC. permanentlyD. uniquely25. The decision to strengthen intelligence collection is expected to minimize military casualties.A. informationB. intellectC. brainD. wisdom26. To me, St. Francis embodied the ideal blend of spirituality and public service.A. compositionB. mixtureC. elaborationD. speculation27. In the wake of such findings, several states are rethinking their plan to open these camps.A. Based onB. PrecedingC. FollowingD. Targeted at28. The staggering sum of money invested in this project failed to yield the desired result.A. fluctuatingB. increasingC. diminishingD. overwhelming29. It made me ask questions about life, death and mortality that ultimately helped me get through the disaster.A. decisivelyB. eventuallyC. somewhatD. somehow30. At that moment the first idea that came to her mind was that a disaster was around the corner.A. coming to an endB. still in the airC. soon to happenD. out of the questionSection B (0. 5 point each)Directions: There are ten questions in this section. Each question is a sentence with something missing. Below each sentence are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Mark the corresponding Letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your Machine-scoring Answer Sheet.31. Do your children worry that they might feel pressure to your hero's image?A. come up withB. live up toC. catch up onD. add up to32. In the worst times of life, you have to take full advantage of the beautiful things that .A. come alongB. come byC. come acrossD. come to33. Being critical and dictatorial, the boss would discussions and ignore comments not in agreement with his.A. facilitateB. illustrateC. illuminateD. dominate34. Anderson held out his arms to the attack, but the shark grabbed his right forearm and dived.A. turn offB. ward offC. trigger offD. call off35. Her excellent of English helped her communicate freely with foreign partners.A. standardB. criterionC. evaluationD. command36. Because colleges can't take all students with basic qualifications, to college is competitive.A. admirationB. approachC. admissionD. assignment37. Helicopters rushed to where Shenzhou 5 for the rescue of China's first astronaut.A. touched downB. turned downC. settled downD. shot down38. The Chinese have achieved a great deal, but difficulties and hardships will long .A. tolerateB. bearC. endureD. withhold39. The belief that it's healthy to let off steam no longer , for we are working under heavy pressure.A. holdsB. carriesC. takesD. stands40. Handbags made of leather are considered old-fashioned and poor in quality.A. systematicB. syntheticC. sympatheticD. statisticPart III CLOZE TEST (10 minutes. 15 points, 1 point each)Directions: There are 10 questions in this part of the test. Read the passage through. Then, go back and choose one suitable word or phrase marked A, B, C, or D for each blank in the passage. Mark the corresponding Letter of the word or phrase you have chosen with a single bar across the square brackets on your Machine-scoring Answer Sheet.People go to evening classes as they want new challenges. Some people choose courses 41 to learn new work-related skills to move their career in a new direction."Evening classes are a great way of 42 your skills or gaining new ones," says Jessica Rolphe, training and development adviser at the UK's Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development.In some 43 , what starts as a hobby turns into a career. This is what happened to Ginny Jory, who did an evening course in photography while working for a newspaper about one year ago. During the course, not only was Jory learning all about photography, she also met other 44 photographers and realized it was a great networking 45 . “I discovered that a colleague from work was doing the same course and we became great friends. We 46 doing a millennium exhibition together.”Finally, Jory left her job and is now a full-time photographer of fashion and 47 .However, anyone thinking of doing a course with a specific outcome in mind needs to be sure that it will 48 what they want before enrolling. “Do your research 49 advance,”advises Rolphe. “Make sure you are doing a course that really is 50 and that the institute you are d oing it at is highly respected.”41. A. separately B. spiritually C. specifically D. socially42. A. updating B. uprising C. uprooting D. upholding43. A. terms B. occasions C. consequences D. cases44. A. perspiring B. aspiring C. expiring D. conspiring45. A. specialty B. phase C. opportunity D. period46. A. gave in B. ended up C. ceased to D. resulted from47. A. qualifications B. characters C. portraits D. personalities48. A. deliver B. delight C. determine D. detect49. A. up B. for C. into D. in50. A. redundant B. reserved C. resolved D. relevantPart IV READING COMPREHENSION (45 minutes, 30 points, 1 point each) Directions: In this part of the test, there are five short passages. Read each passage carefully, and then do the questions that follow. Choose the best answer from the four choices given and mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your Machine-scoring Answer Sheet.Passage OneThe worst thing about television and radio is that they entertain us, saving us the trouble of entertaining ourselves.A hundred years ago, before all these devices were invented, if a person wanted to entertain himself with a song or a piece of music, he would have to do the singing himself or pick up a violin and play it. Now, all he has to do is turn on the radio or TV. As a result, singing and music have declined.Italians used to sing all the time. Now, they only do it in Hollywood movies. Indian movies are mostly a series of songs and dances wrapped around silly stories. As a result, they don't do much singing in Indian villages anymore. Indeed, ever since radio first came to life, there has been a terrible decline in amateur singing throughout the world.There are two reasons for this sad decline: One, human beings are astonishingly lazy. Put a lift in a building, and people would rather take it than climb even two flights of steps. Similarly, invent a machine that sings, and people would rather let the machine sing than sing themselves. The other reason is people are easily embarrassed. When there is a famous, talented musician readily available by pushing a button, which amateur violinist or pianist would want to try to entertain family or friends by himself?These earnest reflections came to me recently when two CDs arrived in the mail: They are historic recordings of famous writers reading their own works. It was thrilling to hear the voices from a long dead past in the late 19th century. But today, reading out loud anything is no longer common. Today, we sing songs to our children until they are about two, we read simple books to them till they are about five, and once they have learnt to read themselves, webecome deaf. We're alive only to the sound of the TV and the stereo.I count myself extremely lucky to have been born before TV became so common. I was about six before TV appeared. To keep us entertained, my mother had to do a good deal of singing and tell us endless tales. It was the same in many other homes. People spoke a language; they sang it, they recited it; it was something they could feel.Professional actors' performance is extraordinarily revealing. But I still prefer my own reading. Because it's mine. For the same reason, people find karaoke liberating. It is almost the only electronic thing that gives them back their own voice. Even if their voices are hoarse and hopelessly out of tune. At least it is meaningful self-entertainment,51. The main idea of this passage is that .A. TV and radio can amuse us with beautiful songs and musicB. TV and radio have weakened our interest in entertaining ourselvesC. people should not be too lazy or embarrassed to singD. parents should sing songs and read books aloud to their children52. According to the passage, Italians .A. only sing songs in HollywoodB. are no longer fond of musicC. only sing and dance in villagesD. don't sing much nowadays53. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a reason for the decline in amateur singing?A. It is easier for people to please themselves with songs through TV.B. People don't want to take the trouble to sing songs themselves.C. Amateurs feel shy if they cannot sing as well as the professionals.D. Famous and talented musicians are always willing to entertain people.54. On hearing the voices of the famous writers of a long time past, the author was .A. very excitedB. very frightenedC. very nervousD. very surprised55. By slating “We are alive only to the sound of the TV and the stereo,” the author means .A. we come back to life at the music provided by the TV and the stereoB. we only perceive the music provided by the TV and the stereoC. we should sing more than listen to the TV and the stereoD. we should listen to more music on the TV and the stereo56. The author's attitude toward karaoke is .A. negativeB. positiveC. neutralD. indifferentPassage TwoIf those “mad moments”— when you can't recall what your friend has told you or where you left your keys—are becoming more frequent, mental exercises and a healthy brain diet may help.Just as bodies require more maintenance with the passing years, so do brains, which scientists now know show signs of aging as early as the 20s and 30s. “Brain aging starts at a very young age, younger than any of us have imagined and these processes continue gradually over the years,” said Dr. Gary Small, the director of the Center on Aging at the University of California, Los Angeles. “I'm convinced that it is never too early to get started on a mental or brain-fitness program,” he added.In his book, The Memory Bible, the 51-year-old neuroscientist lists what he refers to as the 10 commandments for keeping the brain young. They include training memory, building skills, minimizing stress, mental exercises, brain food and a healthy lifestyle. It's a game plan for keeping brain cells sparking and neural networks in tip-top shape.“Misplacing your keys a couple of times doesn't mean you should start labeling your cabinets. Memory loss is not an inevitable consequence of aging. Our brains can fight back,”he said.Small provides the weapons for a full-scale attack. According to him, simple memory tests give an indication of what you are up against and tools such as look, snap and connect are designed to make sure that important things such as names and dates are never forgotten. “So if you want to learn names and faces, for example, you meet Mrs. Beatty and you notice a distinguishing facial feature, maybe a prominent eyebrow,” said Small. “You associate the first thing that comes to mind. I think of the actor Warren Beatty so I create a mental snapshot of Warren Beatty kissing her brow.”Small admits it may sound a bit strange but he says it works. “Mental exercises could be anything from doing crossword puzzles and writing with your left hand if you are right handed or learning a language. It could be anything that is fun that people enjoy doing," he added.He also recommends physical exercise, a low-fat diet and eating foods rich in omega-3 fatty acids, such as fish, walnuts and Brazil nuts, and fruits and vegetables high in antioxidants(抗氧化剂) including blueberries and onions in addition to reducing stress.57. The “mad moments” in the first paragraph refers to when we .A. have some mental problemsB. have lost our important thingsC. don't listen to what our friends tell us to doD. fail to remember what should be remembered58. In this passage, the author mainly tells us that .A. everyone can be forgetful sometimes regardless of one's ageB. we can prevent our sound mind from aging with certain methodsC. brain aging starts from the time when we are in our 20s and 30sD. memory loss is a sign that shows we are getting old59. According to this passage, .A. the game plan for keeping brain cells sparking doesn't work for everyoneB. Dr. Small's memory tests can show you what to do about brain agingC. Dr. Small's advice can help us fight brain aging effectivelyD. our brains can reconstruct memories themselves60. In the fifth paragraph, the author mainly .A. provides us with the weapons for attacking othersB. introduces the tools that help us fight against memory lossC. tells us about the important things we should never forgetD. explains the facial features useful for us to remember people61. By saying “I think of the actor Warren Beatty so I create...her brow,” Dr. Small is trying to explain how to use the memory tool of .A. impressing rapidlyB. minimizing stressC. connecting related thingsD. observing carefully62. According to Dr. Small, .A. left-handers may start brain aging later than right-handers doB. learning a foreign language does not help to keep our brain from getting oldC. doing crossword puzzles is the best way to keep us from memory lossD. mental exercises plus healthy diet alone cannot keep us from brain agingPassage ThreeThrough the years, our view of what leadership is and who can exercise it has changed considerably. Leadership competencies have remained constant, but our understanding of what it is, how it works, and the ways in which people learn to apply it has shifted. We do have the beginnings of a general theory of leadership, from history and social research and above all from the thoughts of reflective practitioners such as Moses, Julius Caesar, and James Madison, and in our own time from such disparate sources of wisdom as Gandhi, Winston Churchill, MaoTse-tung, and Henry Kissinger, who have very little in common except that they have not only been there but tried with some fairness to speculate on paper about it.But tales and reflective observation are not enough except to convince us that leaders are physically strong and abnormally hard workers. Today we are a little closer to understanding how and who people lead, but it wasn't easy getting there. Decades of academic analysis have given us more than 350 definitions of leadership. Literally thousands of empirical investigations of leaders have been conducted in the last seventy-five years alone, but no clear understanding exists as to what distinguishes leaders from non-leaders, and perhaps more important, what distinguishes effective leaders from ineffective leaders and effective organizations from ineffective organizations.Never have so many labored so long to say so little. Multiple interpretations of leadership exist, each providing a fragment of insight but each remaining an incomplete and wholly inadequate explanation. Most of these definitions don't agree with each other, and many of them would seem quite remote to the leaders whose skills are being examined. Definitions reflect fashions, political tides and academic trends. They don't always reflect reality and sometimes they just represent nonsense. It's as if what Braque once said about art is also true of leadership: “The only thing that matters in art is the part that cannot be explained.”Many theories of leadership have come and gone. Some looked at the leader. Some looked at the situation. None has stood the test of time. With such a track record, it is understandable why leadership research and theory have been so frustrating as to deserve the label "the La Brea Tar Pits" of organizational inquiry. Located in Los Angeles, these asphalt pits house the remains of a long sequence of prehistoric animals that came to investigate but never left the area.63. In regard of leadership competencies, the author suggests that people have .A. believed in their existenceB. learned to apply them extensivelyC. found it very difficult to acquire themD. been unable to realize their importance64. Several big names are mentioned in the first paragraph mainly to show their .A. different styles of leadershipB. effective exercise of leadershipC. contributions to the theory of leadershipD. wisdom in applying the theory of leadership65. According to the author, people's opinions of leadership are on the whole quite .A. dividedB. originalC. misleadingD. sophisticated66. The author thinks that .A. many people have labored to be leadersB. leaders are beyond our understandingC. the essence of leadership has not been graspedD. the definitions of leadership should vary67. “The La Brea Tar Pits” probably signifies things that .A. can be traced back to the prehistoric ageB. are traps for those who want to inquireC. are located in one place foreverD. don't deserve full investigation68. This passage is mainly concerned with .A. the inconsistent theories of leadershipB. the famous leaders and their theoriesC. the changes in the trend of leadershipD. the inaccurate definitions of leadershipPassage FourWhen you leave a job with a traditional pension, don't assume you've lost the chance to collect it. You're entitled to whatever benefit you've earned—and you might even be entitled to take it now. “A lot of people forget they have it, or they think that by waiting until they're 65, they'll have a bigger benefit,”says Wayne Bogosian, president of the PFE Group, which provides corporate pre-retirement education.Your former employers should send you a certificate that says how much your pension is worth. If it's less than $ 5,000, or if the company offers a lump-sum payout, it will generallyclose your account and cash you out. It may not seem like much, but $5,000 invested over 20 years at eight percent interest is $23,000. If your pension is worth more than $ 5,000, or your company doesn't offer the lump-sum option, find out how much money you're eligible for at the plan's normal retirement age, the earlier age at which you can collect the pension, the more severe penalty for collecting it early. You'll probably still come out ahead by taking the money now and investing it.What if you left a job years ago, and you're realizing you may have unwittingly left behind a pension? Get help from the Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation. It has an online search tool that has helped locate $47 million in lost benefits for more than 12,000 workers.If you have a traditional pension, retiring early costs more than you might expect. Most people assume you take a proportional cut for leaving before your plan's normal retirement age. For example, you might think that if you need to accrue 30 years of service and you leave three years early, you'd get a pension 90 percent of the full amount.But that's not how it works. Instead, you take an actuarial reduction, determined by the employer but often around five percent a year, for each year you leave early. So retiring three years early could leave you with only 85 percent of the total amount.When you retire early with a defined-contribution plan, the problem is you start spending investments on which you could be earning interest. If you retire when you're 55, for example, and start using the traditional pension then, by age 65 you'll have only about half of what you would have had if you'd kept working until 65.69. When one leaves a job with a traditional pension, .A. he tends to forget that he has the pensionB. he has no right to ask for the pensionC. he'll have a bigger benefit than if he waits until the age of 65D. he has a specified worth of pension70. If the retiree's pension is less than $5,000, it is wise of him to .A. ask the company for a lump-sum payoutB. require his former boss to figure out the value of his pensionC. take the pension with him and make a profit out of itD. collect the pension at his retirement plan's normal retirement age71. If one leaves early before his plan's normal retirement age, .A. he'll take 90 percent of the total amount of his pensionB. he'll have half of his pension paymentsC. he'll have his pension payment reduced by 5% a yearD. he'll have only 85 percent of his full pension72. If one retires early with a defined-contribution plan, he is expected to .A. earn less interestB. be better off than with a traditional pensionC. start investment immediatelyD. get less Social Security benefits73. Which of the following can be used as the subtitle for the last three paragraphs?A. Your Payout Is Not Guaranteed.B. The Retirement Dilemma.C. Leave Early, Lose Big.D. Take the Pension with You.74. Which of the following is NOT true?A. If one leaves 3 years early on a 30-year-service basis, he won't get a pension worth27/30ths.B. It pays to get an early retirement if one understands how retirement pension plan works.C. The Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation helps the retiree to recover last benefits.D. If one keeps his expenses within his retirement framework, he won't be severelyaffected.Passage FiveIn a landmark decision, U. S. District Judge Leonie Brinkema ruled November 23, 1998, in Mainstream Loudown v.Board of Trustees of the Loudown County Library that the use of blocking software to restrict Internet access in public libraries is unconstitutional. Despite the library's claims that its actions were justified in the name of “protecting minors from harmful content,”Judge Brinkema ruled that the library could not reduce adult access to standards established for children.“The use of blocking software in libraries offends the guarantee of free speech,” she ruled, and “constitutes a prior restraint”on all speech. The Loudown County X-Stop software blocked access to a wide range of websites, including those of Quakers, the conservative Heritage Foundation, and AIDS education groups, as well as information about banned books and safe sex.Relying on Reno v. American Civil Liberties Union, Brinkema rejected arguments that the installation of such filtering devices constitutes “a library acquisition decision, to which the First Amendment does not apply.”She pointed out that, since the library had originally。

成人硕士英语试题及答案

成人硕士英语试题及答案一、听力理解（共20分）1. 根据所听对话，选择正确答案。

A. 他今天没有课。

B. 他正在图书馆。

C. 他生病了。

D. 他在办公室。

【答案】B2. 根据所听短文，回答以下问题。

Q: 为什么主角决定去图书馆？【答案】因为他需要查找资料完成他的论文。

二、阅读理解（共30分）A. 阅读以下短文，选择最佳答案。

The article discusses the importance of lifelong learning in the modern workplace.Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a benefit of lifelong learning?A. Increased job security.B. Higher income potential.C. Better work-life balance.D. Enhanced problem-solving skills.【答案】CB. 阅读以下短文，回答以下问题。

The passage describes the history of a famous scientist and his contributions to the field of physics.Q: What was the scientist's most significant discovery?【答案】His most significant discovery was the theory of relativity.三、词汇与语法（共20分）1. 用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。

Despite the heavy rain, they managed to reach the destination on time. (manage)【答案】Managing2. 选择正确的选项完成句子。

硕士学位英语试题及答案

硕士学位英语试题及答案一、阅读理解（共20分）1. 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选择最佳答案。

A. 文章主要讨论了什么主题？a) 教育的重要性b) 科技发展的影响c) 环境问题的严重性d) 经济发展的挑战答案：c2. 根据文章内容，以下哪项不是作者提出的观点？a) 环境问题需要全球合作解决b) 个人行为对环境影响有限c) 政府应制定更严格的环保法规d) 企业应承担更多的环保责任答案：b3. 文章中提到的“绿色技术”指的是什么？a) 减少废物排放的技术b) 提高能源效率的技术c) 利用可再生能源的技术d) 所有上述技术答案：d二、词汇与语法（共30分）4. 用所给单词的正确形式填空。

- The company has announced a significant _______ in profits this year. (increase)- Despite the _______ weather, the athletes continuedtheir training. (change)答案：- increase- changing5. 选择正确的选项完成句子。

- The project was delayed due to _______.a) insufficient fundsb) sufficient funds- The meeting was scheduled for 3 p.m., but it was _______.c) postponedd) advanced答案：- a) insufficient funds- c) postponed三、翻译（共20分）6. 将下列句子从英语翻译成中文。

- "The rapid development of technology has brought about significant changes in our daily lives."答案：技术的快速发展已经给我们的日常生活带来了显著的变化。

硕士英语考试题库及答案

硕士英语考试题库及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. The word "phenomenon" is most closely related to which of the following?A. AppearanceB. EventC. FactD. Idea2. According to the context, which of the following is the correct usage of the word "significant"?A. The book is significant to me.B. The book is significantly important.C. The book is of significant importance.D. The book is significant importance.3. Which sentence is grammatically correct?A. She is one of the most talented singer.B. She is one of the most talented singers.C. She is one of the most talented to sing.D. She is one of the most talented in singing.4. The phrase "break the ice" is commonly used to mean:A. To make a hole in the ice.B. To start a conversation in a friendly way.C. To stop a conversation abruptly.D. To keep a conversation going.5. What is the antonym of the word "diverse"?A. UniformB. SimilarC. DifferentD. Varied6. Fill in the blank: Despite the heavy rain, they decided to go out for a walk. The correct phrase to complete thesentence is:A. In spite ofB. In addition toC. As a result ofD. Because of7. The idiom "barking up the wrong tree" means:A. Making a mistake in identifying the source of a problem.B. Being very loyal to someone.C. Trying to solve a problem by talking.D. Being very aggressive.8. Which of the following is the correct form of the verb to express a habitual action in the past?A. She used to go for a run every morning.B. She used go for a run every morning.C. She was used to going for a run every morning.D. She is used to go for a run every morning.9. The correct use of the comparative form of the adjective "big" is:A. BiggerB. More bigC. Most bigD. Bigest10. The phrase "take a rain check" is used to mean:A. To accept an invitation.B. To postpone an event.C. To cancel an event.D. To check the weather.答案：1. B2. C3. B4. B5. A6. A7. A8. A9. A10. B二、完形填空（每题1分，共10分）Read the following passage and choose the best word to complete it.In a small village, there lived a wise old man who was known for his ability to solve any problem. One day, a young boy came to him with a puzzle. "Sir," he said, "I have a box with two compartments. One is red and the other is blue. I put a marble in one of them, but I forgot which one. How can I find out?"The old man thought for a moment and then said, "This is not a difficult problem. You can simply take a marble from the red compartment. If you find a marble there, then the other one must be in the blue compartment. If you don't, then the marble is in the blue compartment."The boy was amazed. "How did you know that?" he asked.The old man smiled and said, "Life is full of choices, and sometimes the answer is right in front of you. You just need to have the courage to make a decision."Now, let's fill in the blanks with the appropriate words:11. The boy came to the old man with a ________.A. questionB. answerC. solutionD. problem12. The old man said the problem was not ________.A. simpleB. difficultC. complexD. easy13. The old man suggested taking a marble from the ________ compartment.A. redB. blueC. emptyD. full14. If the boy finds a marble in the red compartment, then the other marble must be in the ________ compartment.A. redB. blueC. greenD. yellow15. The old man's advice was that sometimes the answer is ________ to you.A. farB. nearC. behindD. ahead答案：11. D12. B13.。

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