英美文学选读PPT

◦ He attempted to make a fiction that would reflect the whole life, conscious and subconscious, without being limited by conventions of language



the Broadway musical My Fair Lady could be produced only after Shaw's death

Class system Social prejudice Judging by appearance Morality/behavior Money/class Rich/poor Speech/dialect
1879-1970

1905 1907 1908 1910
-
Where Angels Fear to Tread The Longest Journey A Room with a View Howard‘s End

1924 - A Passage to India 1971 - Maurice

The theme of Lord of the Flies is
◦ an attempt to trace the defects of society back to the defects of human nature ◦ thபைடு நூலகம்t the shape of a society must depend on
his astonishing way of constructing a novel his frank portrayal of human nature in his books his complete command of English influenced many writers including Samuel Beckett Waiting for Godot《等待戈多》

◦ New works such as Fanny's First Play (1911) and Pygmalion (1912) had long runs in front of large London audiences ◦ Shaw forbade musicalization of his work

His unfinished novel is The Last Tycoon
◦ about Hollywood

Fitzgerald has become identified with the extravagant living of the Jazz Age:
―It was an age of miracles, it was an age of art, it was an age of excess, and it was an age of satire.‖ --F. Scott Fitzgerald
1803: began The Watsons (never finished) 1812: began Mansfield Park 1814 began Emma 1815- began Persuasion 1817- began Sanditon (never finished)


1899 to 1961

1950
1951
◦ Across the River
and Into the Trees


◦ mother dies
1952
◦ The Old Man and the
Sea
◦ wins Pulitzer Prize ◦ survives two plane crashes

Symbolic differences between Italy and England
◦ Italy as a place of freedom and sexual expression. ◦ Britain was a place of restricted values and conservatism
Eric Arthur Blair 1903-1950




Winston is sick of his job fabricating and changing history at the ―Ministry of Truth‖ Winston has a sexual affair with Julia -- he trusts her and shares his rebellious thoughts with her Winston wants to give help to O‘Brien, who he thinks is part of the Brotherhood rebellion Eventually both Winston and Julia are captured by the Party, but will he confess?




Journalistic – lean, simple, short sentences; hardly any adjectives, especially in dialog Principle of the iceberg: 7/8 under for every 1/8 showing Forces the reader to infer – to ―read between the lines‖ Also called ―hard boiled‖ style


During this time period, it was unacceptable for women, or a woman, to travel alone. Women were to:
◦ ◦ ◦ ◦ tend to the children, cook the meals, do the shopping and sewing, and uphold the daily routines for the family, primarily tending to the husband‘s needs.
the ethical nature of the individual not on any political system


Survival Power/Leadership Civilization vs. Savagery Loss of Innocence Human Nature Good vs. Evil
1911-1993

Golding believed that our humanity rests in the capacity
to make value judgments ◦ the power to decide what is right and wrong
◦

BUT,
◦ After the war, he no longer believed in the inherent innocence and goodness of mankind
◦ attack on Colonialism ◦ Homosexual theme
◦ Clash between business and art




Propriety and Passion The beauty of human beings Woman‘s position and independence Connection between nature and man Class snobbery
1775-1817

1787-1793: Juvenilla 1795-1799: began Sense and Sensibility,
◦ Working titles: Elinor and Marianne, First Impressions, and Susan.
Pride and Prejudice, and Northanger Abbey
◦ published after the start of The Great Depression ◦ it is about people with money ◦ People didn‘t want to read about success and excess when they didn‘t have enough!
(1856-1950) Playwright for the People

wrote 63 plays
The Devil's Disciple (1897) was his first significant
financial success as a playwright By the 1910s, Shaw was a well-established playwright



man‘s primary role is to be the provider: work, propose an engagement for a wife, earn the family‘s only income, make final decisions, physically and fiscally support and protect the family, and provide a home, food, and clothing.
American Literature
1896-1940



1922--The Beautiful and the Damned 1922--Tales of the Jazz Age (short stories) 1923--The Vegetable (a play) 1925--The Great Gatsby 1934--Tender is the Night (last finished novel)

Symbolic meanings of ―rooms‖ and ―views‖:
◦ ―rooms‖: conservative and uncreative, e.g. Mrs Honeychurch, Cecil usually pictured in a room ◦ ―views‖: forward-thinking and modern character types, e.g. Freddy and the Emersons often described as being ―outside‖

Linguistically, he develops a written form of stream of consciousness


Psychologically, he is forever attempting to re-seek unity in a world that is disorganized Philosophically, he came to feel that time and space are artificial, that all is related, and that art should be a symbol of that relationship

said to be representative of the American viewpoint because:
◦ He was one of America‘s greatest dreamers. ◦ He reflected America‘s exaggerated hopes and dreams, especially The American Dream. ◦ He was self-indulgent.
Week 14
British Literature
1882-1941

Dubliners (1914, short-story collection) A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man (1916,
novel)


Ulysses (1922, novel) Finnegans Wake (1939, novel)