实义动词

Many of them gained weight. Many of them gained in weight. 常见的这类实意动词有
brush(against over) check(on) climb(up) cross(over) Jump(over） play(against) enter(for) fight(against with)
练习 His joke interests me. (变否定句) His joke doesn’t interest me. He needs your help. (变否定句) He doesn’t need your help I put the key in her pocket. (变否定句) I don’t put the key in her pocket.
实意动词：即行为动词，表示动作的动词，
能够单独作谓语，例如 fly eat drink 等。 实意动词分为：及物动词、不及物动词、兼 做及物动词和不及物动词。 及物动词：后面必须跟宾语，意义才完整的实意动 词。 Eg: Everyone needs love. LeiFeng set us a good example. Please describe what you have seen
㈡ 实意动词的形式 大多数动词都有四种形式 现在式（do/does） 过去式（did）、过去分词式（done）、现在 分词式（doing）
㈢ 实意动词的用法 在一般现在时中 当主语是第一、第二人称单数以及所
有的人称复数和名词的复数时实意动词用（原形）
I have a blue book. You have a blue book They have many blue books The pandas like to eat the bamboo
㈣含有实意动词的句型转换 ①一般疑问句：因为句中没有be动词，所以我们 要借助助动词do/does来完成一般疑问句。 Do/Does +主语+动词原形+其他？ 注：变换含有实意动词的一般疑问句①找出实意词，
考虑它的原形是什么，②看主语的单复数选do/does③变
肯定回答 Yes, 主语+do/does 否定回答 No, 主语+don’t/doesn’t Eg:I have a blue book.(变为一般疑问句) Do you have a blue book? Yes,I do No, I don’t
add aim beat blow call change cheat count draw dress drive escape exercise fit fly follow hang head hold hurt lead lose manage meet mind miss move
③有些动词通常都用作及物动词，但有时宾语省略 （从上下文可以看出）这时也就成了不及物动词。 Eg: He aimed at the bird and missed (it) Yes I know (it) Sorry,I forgot ( it ) 常见的这类动词有
练习
They like to play basketball （变一般疑问句） Do they like to play basketball? Yes,they do No,they don’t She wants to be a teacher （变一般疑问句） Does she want to be a teacher? Yes, she does No she doesn’t
borrow change clean cook draw drink drive dust eat film help iron learn lend marry paint park point read ride save sing smoke spend steal study type wash wave write
不及物动词：本身意义完整，后面不需跟宾语的实意 动词。 Eg: Lily wept bitterly. The rain stopped.
It happened in June 1932. 兼做及物动词和不及物动词：既是及物动词 也是不及物动词。 ①兼做及物动词和不及物动词时，意义不变。 Eg: who will cook the dinner.?(及物) Every woman should learn to cook.（不及物） He has been drinking again.（不及物） I drink some brandy.(及物) Hale Waihona Puke Baidu见的这类实意动词有
accept aim miss answer ask attack begin blow gusss consider
④有些动词接宾语时就是及物动词，接介词短语时 就是不及物动词。 Eg: The light wind brushes his cheek.(及物) The light wind brushes over his cheek. （不 及物动词）
Eg:
在一般现在时中 当主语是第三人称单数（he she it）
和单数名词时实意动词用第三人称单数（v+s/es）
Eg She (he) loves pets. It lives in a house. The monkey climbs the tree
练习 likes She _____(like)bananas. go The students_____(go) to school everyday. watches My brother often _____(watch) the football game. visit We always ____(visit)our grandparents. shows The TV___ (show)us good programs.
②否定句 主语+don’t/doesn’t+动词原形+其他 注：①找实意动词，想原形，②看主语，选 don’t/doesn’t ③按结构变 Eg I have a blue book.（变为否定句） I don’t have a blue book. She wants to be a teacher（变为否定句） She doesn’t want to be a teacher.
㈠ 概念及分类 动词：就是用来形容或表示各类动作的词汇。 动词从含义上分为：系动词、情态动词、助 动词和实意动词。 系动词：在句中作谓语动词，后面跟表语。 情态动词：can may must 等及其过去式 could might 等表示能力、义务、必要猜测和 说话人的语气或情态，情态动词只能和主要 的动词一起构成谓语动词。 助动词：shall will have be should would do 等，它们只能和主要动词一起构成各种时态 语态。
②兼做及物动词和不及物动词时，意义有所改 变。 wash your hands before meals .（饭前洗手） Does this cloth wash well?（这布经得起洗 吗？） I ran as quickly as I could.(我尽量快跑) Teach me how to run business（教我怎样管 理企业） 常见的这类实意动词有
He has a brother. (变为一般疑问句) Does he have a brother? Yes, he does No, he doesn’t My brother does his homework before supper. (变 为一般疑问句) Does your brother do his homework before supper? Yes, he does No, he doesn’t
在一般过去式中 主语+v过去式+其他 Eg: He worked in a bank last year. 在现在完成时中 主语+have/has+ v过去分词+其他 Eg: I have lived here for three years. 在现在进行时中 主语+be+ ving+其他 Eg : I am doing my homework.