Unit 3-4 语法汇总讲义-高中英语新人教版(2019)必修第一册
高中英语 第一册知识点总结- Lesson 3-4
Lesson 3 Sorry, Sir.1. Words.1) number – No.2) Sorry – Still you can say:- I’m sorry.- I’m so sorry.- I’m sorry about that.Answer:- Never mind.- That’s all right.- It doesn’t matter.3) /m/ : me more mother him warm/n/ : not night near name new canNow, read: come man moon room come smallon gone soon any under downP.S. No news is good news.4) a. Sir 先生,单独使用,千万不要说:Li Sir, Wang Sir.b. Mr. 先生,后面加人的姓,如:Mr. Li Mr. Jim (原型:mister)c. Mrs. 夫人,用法同上d. Miss 小姐,可单独使用,也可后加人姓名,如:Miss Julia Robertse. Madam 女士,单独使用f. Ma’am /m æ m/ 女士,单独使用(往往用于年轻女士)g. gentleman 先生,单独使用。
h. lady 小姐,单独使用i. Dr. Doctor, 博士,可单独使用,也可后加人命等。
5) cloakroomcloak: 斗篷,遮盖物,room 房间同理:class + room = classroomrest room 有关rest room 的趣事有关合成词:与两个词合起来同样意义的单词:与两个词合起来不同意义的单词:与两个词合起来截然不同的单词:2. Grammar.1)物+ please 的祈使句:要求某人做某事,但是仍然很客气。
出现在你绝对是老大或领导地位的时候a. My coat, please. (在娱乐休闲场所,你是上帝)b. My ring file, please, Luss. (你是Boss)c. My bag, please, Mum!d. My handbag please, darling!Now, do exercise:e. 请买两张票。
高一英语第18讲:必修一unit3-4重点词汇、短语、句型、语法复习(学生版).doc
第疗讲;必疔Y喳丘词汇、穎.语、句型、语倣复习作业完成情沟蚣)知识梳理)一、现在进行时表将来时具体有以下的用法:1.用现在进行时表将来通常含有“意图、安排”、打算”等意思。
这种现在进行时比较生动, 给人一种期待感,通常用于表最近或较近的将来,所用动词通常表示位置移动的动词,常见白勺有:go, come, leave, sleep, stay, play, do, have, take, get to, see off 等女口:Annie is coming to supper this evening.安妮今晚要来吃饭。
I'm going to Shanghai tomorrow.我明天要去上海。
The guest is leaving by train tonight.客人今晚坐火午走。
The boys are starting school on Monday.男孩子们星期一就要开学了。
2.表将来的现在进行时除用于位置移动的动词外,有时也可用于一些非位置移动动词。
如:Bob and Bill are meeting tonight.鲍勃和比尔今晚要会面。
What are you doing next weekend?下个周末你准备干什么?She is buying a new bike soon.她不久将买一辆新自彳亍车。
We are having a few guests tonight.今晚我们有几个客人来。
I am reading a paper tomorrow.我明天要读一篇论文。
3.现在进行时偶尔也可表示较远的将来。
如:When I grow up, Tin joining the army.我长大了要参军。
4.现在进行时有时表示即将要发生的动作或情况。
女口:Fm leaving.我就走。
■一Hurry up, ifs already very late.快点,已经很晚了。
Unit 3 核心词汇精讲讲义-2021-2022学年高中英语人教版(2019)选择性必修第一册
UNIT 3 FISCINATING PARKS1. vast adj. 辽阔的;巨大的;庞大的【同义】①huge adj.巨大的;庞大的;无限的②massive adj.大量的;巨大的③extensive adj.广泛的;大量的;广阔的④enormous adj.庞大的,巨大的2. ban vt. 明令禁止(forbid);取缔n.禁令•ban doing sth 禁止做某事ban sb from doing sth 禁止某人做某事•a ban on...关于……的禁令eg. To create cleaner surroundings,everyone is banned from littering everywhere. 为了创建更干净的环境,禁止每个人乱扔垃圾。
3. on the move在行进中;在移动中【联想】on the+n.短语荟萃:①on the air 广播,播出②on the job 忙碌着,(专心)工作着③on the rise 在增加;在上涨④on the run 奔波,忙碌⑤on the decrease/increase 在减少/增加4. accompany vt. 陪同;陪伴;伴随;(尤指用钢琴)为……伴奏•accompany sb=keep sb company 陪伴某人accompany sb to someplace 陪同某人到某地•accompany sb at/on sth 用某物为某人伴奏(be) accompanied by/with...伴随……发生•companion n.同伴;伙伴eg. We did a lot for the elderly at the nursing home,cleaning their rooms,washing clothes for them and accompanying them.我们在敬老院为老人做了许多,打扫房间,为他们洗衣服,陪伴他们。
Unit4 单元语法 定语从句讲解素材 人教版高一英语必修第一册
新人教高一英语必修一U4 Natural Disasters 语法定语从句一.定义:定语是用来修饰名词或代词的,起限定作用的成分。
定语可以由形容词、名词、代词、数词、分词(现在分词或过去分词)、不定式(短语)、介词短语等来充当,也可以由一个句子来充当。
充当定语功能的句子就是定语从句。
二、定语从句三要素1. 先行词:被修饰的名词/代词/整个主句2. 关系代词:连接先行词与定语从句(that, which, who, whom,whose)3. 关系副词:连接先行词与定语从句(where, when, why)注意:关系代词/副词的选择→看定从是否完整句子完整→用关系副词缺少成分→用关系代词定从=先行词+关系词+从句例:I know the girl. The girl is in red. (两个简单句)→I know the girl who is in red. (定语从句)例句中被修饰的词是the girl, 这个词就称为先行词。
其中连接两个句子的是who,称为关系词。
关系词在从句中指代先行词,并在从句中充当一定的成分,观察上句,关系词在从句中充当主语。
☆总结:关系词有三个作用:(1)连接定语从句; (2)、指代先行词;(3)、在从句中充当成分关系词的用法如下表:三、关系代词的用法:定语从句中缺少主语、宾语、表语、定语用关系代词。
在从句中作宾语时,关系代词常可以省略。
1.that的用法that指人或物,在定语从句中可作主语、宾语或表语,但that不用于引导非限制性定语从句。
例:The letter that I received was from my father.The girl that has long hair is my sister.The city is no longer the one that it used to be.注意:用that不用which的情况2.which 的用法which指物,在从句中作主语或宾语。
Unit 3 知识点梳理课件- 高一英语人教版(2019)必修一
Book 1 Unit 3
Translation 1. 他过去常常6:30起床,不是吗? 2. 这是你的办公室,对吧? 3. 我希望可以和你说话,可以吗? 4. 他上学从不迟到,是吗? 5. 没有人知道这件事,对吗?
Book 1 Unit 3
PART4
Listening and Talking
Book 1 Unit 3
1.假装做某事 2.几百万 3.欺骗某人某物 4.公平竞争 5. make sense 6. pretend to be doing
Book 1 Unit 3
* 写出表示同意的表达(至少四句)
* 写出表示不同意的表达(至少四句)
Book 1 Unit 3
PART5
Reading and Writing
PART1
Listening and Speaking
Book 1 Unit 3
1. 在国内外 2. 一个体育项目 3. 锻炼 4. 在健身馆 5. 把......扔向某人 6. 你能做到。 7. 视频 n. 8. don’t have to 9. 推荐做某事 10. 由你决定。 11. 一路流汗保持健康 12. 你想一起(参加)吗? 13. 习惯于做某事 14. 过去常常做某事
必修一
知识点梳理
Unit 3
CONTENTS
U0 WELCOME UNIT U1 TEENAGE LIFE U2 TRAVELLING AROUND U3 SPORTS AND FITNESS U4 NATURAL DISASTERS U5 LANGUAGES AROUND THE WORLD
Book 1 Unit 3
e.g. He failed to pass the exam because of his carelessness.
【新教材】人教版(2019)高一英语必修第一册语法知识点复习提纲(全面!)
【新教材】人教版(2019)高一英语必修第一册语法知识点复习提纲(全书语法总览各单元搭配,词组,句型,重难点)全书语法总览Welcome Unit本单元主要语法点句子结构Unit 1 Teenage Life本单元主要语法点名词短语形容词短语和副词短语Unit 2 Travelling Around本单元主要语法点现在进行时表将来Unit 3 Sports and Fitness本单元主要语法点附加疑问句Unit 4 Natural Disasters本单元主要语法点定语从句(一)关系代词的用法Unit 5 Languages around the world本单元主要语法点定语从句(二)关系副词的用法Welcome unit【重点单词】design n. 设计;设计方案 vt. 设计;筹划 ( 教材 P2)(1)design sth. for 为…… 设计某物be designed to do ... 旨在做…… ,用于做……(2)make designs for ... 为…… 做设计by design ( = on purpose) 故意地 ( 反义短语: by accident/by chance 偶然地 ) (3)designer n . 设计者①Our school invited two engineers to design _ a _ language _ lab _ for _ us .我们学校邀请了两位工程师为我们设计一个语言实验室。
②Project Hope is _ designed _ to _ help those children who drop out of school because of poverty.希望工程旨在帮助那些因为贫困而辍学的孩子。
③An Italian architecture designer is to make _ designs _ for the new bridge.一位意大利建筑设计师打算为这座新桥进行设计。
2019新人教版高一英语新教材必修三全册重点知识点精讲
UNIT 1 FESTIVALS AND CELEBRATIONS1.dress up in carnival costumes穿着狂欢节服饰【词汇精讲】dress[sb] up意为“穿上盛装;装扮”,dress (sb) (in sth)意为“穿衣服;给(某人)穿衣服”。
2.receive congratulations from...收到来自……的祝贺【词汇精讲】congratulation是名词,意为“祝贺;恭喜”。
【温馨提示】congratulation通常用复数表祝福,应用于成功、结婚、毕业等,但表示抽象意义时不用复数。
3.After all,as you know,I love to dance!别忘了,你知道的,我喜欢跳舞!【词汇精讲】after all置于句首,意为“别忘了”,常用来引出听话人似乎忘记了的某个重要论点或理由;置于句末,意为“毕竟,到底”,含有事情的发生出乎意料或和预料中的情况相反的意味。
Don’t lose heart.After all,we’re new to the work.不要泄气,别忘了,我们是做这项工作的新手。
4.It took her a long time to do her hair and make-up...做头发和化妆用了她很长时间……【句式剖析】“It takes sb+一段时间+to do sth”结构,表示“做某事花费某人一段时间”,其中It是形式主语,to do sth是真正的主语。
该句型可用于多种时态,主语除用it作形式主语外,还可以是指人或事的名词。
5.This is because the weather is and they will be outside for a long time.这是因为天气,他们要在外面待很长时间。
【句式剖析】This / That is because...意为“这/那是因为……”,because引导的句子作表语。
高中英语人教版(2019)必修第一册 名词语法知识点复习总结
名词名词单复数1.一般情况下直接+s2.以o,s,x,ch,sh结尾的单数名词后+es3.以辅音+y,把y改i加es以元音+y,加s4.以f/fe结尾①把f/fe改为v+es如:half,life,leaf,loaf一块面包,knife,shelf架子,wife②直接+s如:belief信任,grief悲伤,cliff悬),gulf海湾,roof,proof证明5.特殊情况①-ch词尾发/k/音,+SMonarch君主 stomach②以元音加o或oo结尾的词,加sBamboo/solo/piano/portfolio公文包/memento遗物/concerto协奏曲/quarto(4A)/kilo/largo协奏曲③辅音+o结尾的词,加esCargo货物/echo回声/embargo禁令/hero/tomato/potato/veto否决权④加es或s都行Zero/volcano火山/mango/archipelago群岛/banjo班卓琴/grotto洞穴/halo6.不规则变内部元音:man-men woman-women child-children goose-geesetooth-teeth mouse-mice gentleman-gentlemen单复数同型:sheep deer sapcecraft太空船 aircraft飞行器 Chinese Japanese Swiss瑞士人 means方法 crossroads十字路口 head headquarters总部 series连续 species种类 works工厂外来名词的复数形式criterion-criteria 标准 phenomenon-phenomena现象analysis-analyses分析 basis-bases基础crisis-crises危机 thesis-theses论文 bacterium-bacteria细菌medium-madia媒体7.复合名词的复数形式①不可数名词结尾,无复数形式Homework newspaper②Man或woman为前缀的,一起变Woman doctor-women doctors man waiter-men waiters③以两个名词组合成的,后面名词变复数④以名词+介词(短语),前面名词变复数Father-in-law→fathers-in-law⑤动词/过去分词+副词,加sGrown-up stand-by所有格表示‘的’的意思,分为’s和of两种所有格形式。
人教版英语高一第一模块第三单元和第四单元知识点总结
人教必修1 unit3+unit4知识点一.核心单词1. persuade vt.说服;劝服;使相信(同convince)persuade sb. of sth. 使某人相信某事persuade sb. to do sth.= persuade sb. into doing sth. 说服某人做某事persuade sb. not to do sth. = persuade sb. out of sth./doing sth. 劝阻某人做某事persuade sb. that-clause 使某人相信……区别advise/persuade:advise 强调“劝告,建议〞的动作,不注重结果;而persuade强调“已经说服〞,重在结果。
用法上:advise 可跟形式作宾语,也可以接that-clause 〔that sb. should do〕,而persuade那么不能。
2. Finally adv.最后,终于。
【拓展延伸】final 1) adj.最终的,决定性的2) [C] 决赛,期末考试【点拨】辨析finally、at last、in the end①finally 有两个用法:一是在列举事物和论点时,用来引出最后一项内容;二是用在句子动词前之前,表示“等候或耽误了很久才-----,〞但无感情色彩。
②at last表示“等候或耽误了很久才-----,〞强调经过一番拖延或曲折后,常常带有较浓厚的感情色彩③in the end 也是表示经过一定的耽误、等待之后“终于〞,其位置和at last一样,置于句首3. determine vt. (使)决定,决心要;确定determine + n. / pron.决(确)定determine to do sth.决定做某事(表示动作,是非延续性动词短语)be determined to do sth.决心做某事(表示状态,可与表示时间段的状语连用)be determined to do与determine to do 意思根本一致,但前者表示状态,可与某段时间状语连用;后者表示动作,是非延续性的动词短语。
人教版高中英语必修一Unit3知识点详解
人教版高中英语必修一Unit3知识点详解Part 1. Warming up1、Which kind of transport do you prefer to use: bus or train?prefer 宁愿;更喜欢用法:(1) prefer + n. / pron. The boy preferred a detective story.(2) prefer + v. -ing Do you prefer living abroad?(3) prefer + to do She prefers to live among the working people.(4) prefer sb. to do sth. She preferred him to stay at home.(5) prefer + n. / pron. / doing + to + n. / pron. / doing 喜欢……而不喜欢I prefer the town to the country.While he was in the office he preferred doing something to doing nothing.(6) prefer to do...rather than do = would rather do ... than do... 宁愿……而不愿I prefer to walk there rather than go by bus.(7) prefer + 从句(谓语动词用should do,should可省略)She preferred that he should do it in the kitchen.2. Imagine that you plan to spend a holiday.imagine的用法▲构词:① imagination n. [C / U] 想像,想像力,想像的事物② imaginative adj. 富有想像力的▲搭配:imagine sth / doing sthYou can imagine the situation there.I can’t imagin (my) marrying a girl of that sort.【考例】I can hardly imagine Peter ___across the Atlantic Ocean in five days.A. sailB. to sailC. sailingD. to have sailed[答案与解析] C imagine后接动词的-ing形式,本句的Peter是这个动名词的逻辑主语。
Unit4重点词汇讲解课件- 高中英语人教版(2019)必修第一册
• 4 .shelter n.[C]避难处 [U]居所;庇护 • vt.保护;掩蔽 vi.躲避(风雨或危险) • shelter…from 保护/遮蔽……不/免受…… • shelter from 躲避……
• (1)After the terrible earthquake, the homeless need not only food and water but also proper shelter.
能……”,表示否定意义; • too +(glad/pleased/willing/delighted/anxious) to do sth
表示肯定意义
• (1)I hate it when she calls me at work—I'm always too busy to carry on a conversation with her.
• 如果我足够幸运被给予这样一个好机会,我将不遗余 力地完成这项任务。
• 12.suffer vt.遭受;蒙受 vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦
• suffer losses/pains/a heart attack
•
遭受损失/痛苦/心脏病发作
• suffer from 患……病;因……而受苦
• suffer from cold and hunger
• (2)When we were trapped in the ruins, the soldiers came to our rescue.
• 当我们被困在废墟中时,战士们赶来救援。
• (3)At midnight we finally rescued(rescue) the tourists who were trapped in the valley.
Unit+3+语法知识点课件-2023-2024学年高中英语人教版(2019)必修第一册+
5. Birds’ singing is sometimes a warning to other birds __t_o_s_t_a_y____(stay) away.
6.If there is a lot of work _t_o_d_o_________(do), I’m happy to just keep on until it is finished. 7.—The last one t_o__a_r_ri_v_e__(arrive) pays the meal.
—People in England rest two days a week.
—________________________. A.So Chinese are B. So are Chinese
C.So do Chinese D.So Chinese do
我对天文学很感兴趣,他叫我对全班做口头陈述。
(2)有些感官动词和使役动词接不定式作宾补时,通常不带to。 四看: see, watch, notice, observe 三使役: let, have, make 二听: hear, listen to 一感觉: feel
Eg. They made me wait while they checked everyone’s air tickets. 他们检查所有人的机票而让我等着。 注意:当make用于被动语态时,作宾补的不定式要带to。
Eg. Tom doesn’t have to be made to learn. 不必强迫汤姆学习。
6.不定式作定语
(1)不定式作定语一般与所修饰的名词构成主谓关系、动宾关系、 同位关系或偏正关系。
Eg. I am always the first person to get to the office. 我总是第一个到办公室的人。(主谓关系) Eg. There are lots of interesting things to see there. 那里有许多有趣的东西可看。(动宾关系)
高中英语人教版(2019)必修一 Unit 3 讲义素材
新教材高一英语必修一U3语法——反意疑问句反意疑问句又叫附加疑问句,它表示提问人对自己的看法没有把握,需要对方证实。
一、反意疑问句的构成反意疑问句由两部分构成:前一部分是陈述句,后一部分是一个简短的疑问句,前后两部分在时态、人称和数上都要保持一致。
1.肯定式陈述部分+否定式疑问部分例:He looks like his father, doesn’t he﹖She was ill yesterday, wasn’t she? 她昨天病了,不是吗?2.否定式陈述部分+肯定式疑问部分例:He doesn’t need to work so late, does he?He can’t ride a bike, can he? 他不会骑自行,是吗?*注意:(1)反意疑问句的陈述部分含有由un-, im-, in-, dis-, 等否定意义的前缀构成的词语时,陈述部分要视为肯定含义,问句部分用否定形式。
例:Your father is unhappy, isn’t he? (不能用is he? )The man is dishonest, isn’t he? (不能用is he?Tom dislikes the food, doesn’t he?Tom不喜欢这个食物,不是吗?(2)反意疑问句的陈述部分带有little, few, never, hardly, seldom,nothing, no, nobody等否定意义的词时,问句部分用肯定式。
例:She never tells a lie, does she? (不用doesn’t she?)He was seldom late, was he? (不用wasn’t he?)二、反意疑问句的回答1.当陈述句部分是肯定结构,反意疑问句用否定式提问时,如果事实是肯定的,就用yes,如果是否定的,就用no例:--- He likes playing football, doesn’t he? 他喜欢踢足球,不是吗?--- Yes, he does. / No, he doesn’t. 是的,他喜欢。
2019_2020学年新教材高中英语Unit3讲义新人教版必修第一册
Section ⅣListening and Talking & Reading for WritingⅠ.核心单词根据音标及词义写出正确的单词1.pretend/prɪ'tend/vi.&vt.假装;装扮2.million/'mɪljɔn/num.一百万3.cheat/tʃiːt/vi.作弊;舞弊vt.欺骗;蒙骗n.欺骗手段;骗子4.audience/'ɔːdiəns/n.观众;听众5.positive/'pɒzətɪv/adj.积极的;正面的;乐观的;肯定的6.slim/slɪm/adj.苗条的;单薄的7.diet/'daɪət/n.规定饮食;日常饮食vi.节食8.rather/'rɑːðə(r)/adv.相当;有点儿9.jog/dʒɒɡ/vi.慢跑n.慢跑10.error/'erə(r)/n.错误;差错Ⅱ.拓展词汇根据音标及词义写出正确的单词,并牢记拓展词汇1.compete/kəm'piːt/vi.竞争;对抗→competition n.竞争;比赛→compe titive adj.竞争的;有竞争性的→competitor n.竞争者2.stress/stres/n.压力;紧张;重音vt.强调;重读;使焦虑不安vi.焦虑不安→stressful adj. 有压力的(指物)→stressed adj. 有压力的(指人)Ⅲ.重点短语根据汉语意思补全短语1.make sense 有道理;合乎情理;表述清楚2.pretend to do sth. 假装做某事3.even if/though 即使;虽然4.make a difference 有作用或影响5.rather than 而不是6.cut... out 停止做;剪下7.now and then 有时;偶尔8.compare... with/to... 与……比较9.be positive about 对……积极的10.make a list of 列清单Ⅳ.重点句型1.even if/though “即使;尽管”,引导让步状语从句A soccer player should not pretend to fall down even_if_it_helps_his/her_team.足球运动员不应该假装摔倒,即使这对他/她的球队有帮助。
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高中英语必修一语法汇总Unit 3:附加疑问句一、附加疑问句的定义附加疑问句,又称反义疑问句,主要用于口语,其作用是说话人向对方验证自己的陈述或者判断,也可以用于祈使句表示请求或者建议。
二、附加疑问句的构成附加疑问句包括陈述部分和附加疑问部分。
附加疑问部分一般由助动词、be 动词或情态动词和表示主语的代词构成。
组成例句肯定式陈述部分+否定附加疑问部分You often play badminton, don't you?You're going to the gym with me, aren't you?否定式陈述部分+肯定附加疑问部分It's not a real sport, is it?They can't finish it by Friday, can they?含有否定词的陈述部分+肯定附加疑问部分Nobody saw him walk into the room, did they?You've never been to Paris, have you?祈使句+附加疑问部分Come along with me, will you?/can you?/won't you?/can't you?Don't make any noise, will you?附加疑问句的答语与一般疑问句类似,注意其与汉语表达习惯的差异。
如:(1)A:The29th Olympic Games were held in Beijing,weren't they?B:Yes,they were.(Yes, that's right.)(2)A:MichaelJordan started to play basketball in college, didn't he?B:No,he didn't. He first played in a team in senior high school.(3)A:Davidhas been to a boxing match, hasn't he?B:No,he hasn't. He always watches boxing on TV.(4)A:Youcan't cook, can you?你不会做饭,是吗?B:Yes,I can. I'm good at cooking.不,我会。
我做饭很好。
四、变附加疑问句时应注意的问题1.当陈述部分含有seldom, hardly, never, rarely, few,little, nowhere, nothing等否定词或半否定词时,简短问句应用肯定句式。
①Sheseldom goes to the cinema, does she?她很少去看电影,是吗?②Hehas never been to London,has he?他从没去过伦敦,是吗?2.当陈述部分中表示否定意义的词为含有im,in,dis,un等否定前缀或less等否定后缀的词时,应把陈述部分视为肯定句,简短问句要用否定式。
①Hewas unsuccessful, wasn't he?他没成功,是吗?②Yourmother dislikes seeing you with me, doesn't she?你母亲不喜欢看到你和我在一起,是吗?3.当陈述部分是“therebe+主语+其他”结构时,反意疑问部分要用“be +there”结构。
Thereare some apples in the box, aren'tthere?盒子里有些苹果,是吗?4.陈述部分为祈使句时(1)祈使句为肯定形式时,若表示“请求”,简短问句通常用willyou;若表示“邀请,劝说”,简短问句用won'tyou。
①Giveme a hand, will you?帮我一把,好吗?(表示“请求”)②Cometo have supper with us this evening, won't you?今晚跟我们一起吃饭,好吗?(表示“邀请”)(2)祈使句为否定形式时,简短问句通常用will you。
③Don'tmake so much noise, will you?别弄出这么多噪音,好吗?(3)如果祈使句以let's开头,简短问句用shallwe;如果祈使句以let us 或let me开头,简短问句用will you。
④Let'stry another way, shall we?我们试试别的方法,好吗?⑤Letus know your address, will you?请把你的地址告诉我们,好吗?5.陈述部分为含有宾语从句的主从复合句时(1)一般情况:当陈述部分是含有宾语从句的主从复合句时,简短问句的谓语动词和主语通常和主句中的谓语动词和主语分别保持一致。
①Theyknow that he is fromEngland,don't they?他们知道他来自英国,是吗?(2)特殊情况:若陈述部分为:“I/We think/believe/suppose/consider/...+宾语从句”,简短问句的谓语和主语与宾语从句的谓语和主语分别保持一致,且简短问句用否定形式。
②Webelieve she can do it better, can't she?我们相信她能做得更好,是吗?(3)若陈述部分为“I/We don't think/believe/suppose/consider/...+宾语从句”,简短问句的主语和谓语与宾语从句的主语和谓语保持一致,且简短问句用肯定形式。
③Idon't think that you can do it, can you?我认为这件事你做不了,是吗?④Wedon't believe that the news is true, is it?我们认为消息不实,是吗?(4)若陈述部分为“主语(非第一人称)+think/believe/suppose/consider/...+宾语从句”,简短问句的主语和谓语由主句决定。
⑤Theyall think that English is very useful, don't they?他们都认为英语很重要,是吗?⑥Hedoesn't think that I can make it, does he?他认为我办不到,是吗?五、附加疑问句的读法陈述部分一般用降调,而附加疑问部分既可用升调也可用降调,但含义有所不同。
通常情况下,用升调时,多表示疑问或请求;用降调时,多表示求证或希望对方同意。
如:Theschool team have won the gold medal, haven't they?Theschool team have won the gold medal, haven't they?Unit 4:语法知识定语从句【课本例句】诵读下列例句并感知画线部分的共性1.(教材P50)There were deep cracks that/which appeared in the well walls.2.(教材P50)Two thirds of the people who lived there were dead or injured.3.(教材P50)The number of people who were killed or badly injured in the quake was more than 400,000.4.(教材P50)Soon after the quakes, the army sent150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those whowere trapped and to bury the dead.5.(教材P50)Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.6.(教材P52)A doctor with whom James used to work died in the 2016 earthquake in Ecuador.7.Theboy whose father is a teacher is a newclassmate of mine.8.Chinais a country that/which has a long history.【发现总结】1.第2、3、4句中的定语从句使用了关系代词who,在定语从句中作主语。
2.第1、8句中的定语从句使用了关系代词which/that,在定语从句中作主语。
3.第6句中的定语从句使用了关系代词whom,在定语从句中作宾语。
关系代词who/whom常用来指代人;关系代词that/which常用来指代物;关系代词that既可以指人也可以指物。
4.第5、7句中的定语从句使用了关系代词whose,在定语从句中作定语,它既可以指人也可以指物。
【语法精讲】who (whom),which,that,whose引导的定语从句在复合句中,修饰某一名词、代词或整个主句的从句叫作定语从句。
从句修饰的名词或代词叫作先行词,连接先行词和定语从句的词叫关系词。
关系词的主要作用是连接主句和从句,同时指代先行词,并在从句中充当一定的句子成分。
关系词分为关系代词和关系副词两种,关系代词有that,which,who,whom,whose等;关系副词有when,where,why。
一、关系代词的基本用法1.who指人,在从句中作主语或宾语,作宾语时可省略。
Theman who is talking with my father isa teacher.正在和我父亲说话的那个人是个教师。
Thegirl (who) I met yesterday is hissister.我昨天见到的那个女孩是他的妹妹。
2.whom指人,在从句中作宾语,常可省略,不能作主语。
Theboy (whom) the teacher often praisesis their monitor.老师经常表扬的那个男孩是他们的班长。
注意:(1)关系代词whom在口语或非正式文体中常可用who来代替。
Theboy(who/whom/that) wesaw yesterday is John's brother.昨天我们看到的那个男孩是约翰的哥哥。