初中英语单词构词法——后缀

初中英语单词构词法——后缀

后缀：一般只引起词性上的变化而不造成意思的变化。下面是初中阶段四种词常见的后缀：（1）名词（2）形容词（3）副词（4）数词

一、构成名词的后缀常用的有

动词-名词

1、-er

clean—cleaner

teacher player cleaner driver farmer player runner winner traveller singer writer worker waiter speaker manager murder dancer

2 -or

visit—visitor inventor actor doctor

3 -ion

invent--invention

education operation prediction attraction

4 –ing

build—building

crossing shopping swimming skating meeting cooking painting washing

5 -ment

develop—development

movement disppointment disagreement

6 –th

die-death grow—growth

形容词-名词

1 –er

foreign—foreigner strange—stranger

2 -ness

busy—business

goodness illness happiness kindness sadness

3-y/ty

diffcult—diffculty safe—safety

名词-名词

1 –ist

art—artist scientist dentist pianist vilinist

2 –hood

boy—boyhood girlhood childhoood neighborhood

名词-名词和形容词

1 –ese

China- Chinese Japan-Japanese

2 –an

America—American

Canadian Australian American European Indian musician

二、构成形容词后缀常用的有

名词-形容词

-ful

help-helpful careful useful forgetful wonderful beautiful

-less

hope—hopeless careless homeless rainless

-y

cloud—cloudy windy lucky noisy funny rainy healthy

-ly

friend—friendly day—daily love—lovely

–al

nature—natural personal traditional international

-ous

danger-dangerous delicious serious mysterious

-ern

west--western eastern northern southern

动词－－形容词

-ed

close—closed surprised balanced talend interested

-ing

interest--interesting

outstanding exciting following surprising

-able

forget--forgetable

acceptable laughable comfortable unforgettable enjoyable

三、副词的后缀有形容词后加-ly

bad--badly

quickly usually strongly carefully luckily truly angrily clearly slowly quietly politely

四、数词加后缀的变化

three-thirteen-thirty third-thirteenth-thirtieth

four-fourteen-fourty fourth-fourteenth-fourtieth

five-fifteen-fifty fifth-fifteenth-fiftieth

six-sixteen-sixty sisth-sixteenth-sixtieth

seven-seventeen-seventy seventh-seventeenth-seventieth

eight-eighteen-eighty eighth-eighteenth-eightieth

nine-nineteen-ninety nineth-nineteenth-ninetieth